Objectives:*State the sources and effects of air pollution such as SO2, CO2 and CH4

**State the sources and effects of some water pollutants***Describe the dangers of nuclear fall-out and effects of non-biodegradable plastics on the environment

Starter:What is pollution?

DEFINITION OF POLLUTION

• When Harmful Substances Contaminate the Environment it is Called Pollution.

• Pollution refers to the very bad condition of environment in terms of quantity and quality .

• Caused by human activities

Types of PollutionTypes of Pollution

There are Five types of PollutionThere are Five types of Pollution Air PollutionAir Pollution Water PollutionWater Pollution Noise PollutionNoise Pollution Land PollutionLand Pollution Radio Active PollutionRadio Active Pollution

OVER VIEW

Introduction Causes Effects Prevention

What is Atmosphere

• Atmosphere is the life blanket of Earth.

• It is therefore essential that we know more about the atmosphere and the ways in which it is Polluted.

Causes of Air Pollution

Major sources of Air Pollution

- Industries

-Automobiles and Domestic fuels

-High Proportion of undesirable

gases, such as sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane and

nitrogen oxides

Effects of Air Pollution

Air Pollution affects???

• Human health

• Animals

• Plants

• The atmosphere as a whole

Draw and fill in the table

Pollutant Sources Bad Effects on environment

SO2

CO & CO2

CH4

NO & NO2

SewageIndustrial toxic chemical wastes like Pb, Hg and cyanide

Fertlisers N & P mainly

Herbicides

PesticidesSolid waste ( Bio degradable and non biodegradable

Plastics (non biodegradable)Nuclear waste (alpha, beta and gamma radiation)

Burning fossil fuels

Burning fossil fuels

Cattle, rice field, coal and oil extraction

Motor vehicles, fertilisers

Human and livestock waste (urea, NH3, protein, carb, fats and pathogensFactories

Arable agriculture

Arable agriculture

Arable and livestock agriculture

Domestic and industrial waste

PackagingAtom bombs, nuclear test, leak at nuclear power stations

Acid rain

Herbicides

Enhances green house effect

Enhances green house effect

Acid rain

Reduces O2 conOcentration in rivers causing destruction of freshwater species

Bioaccumulation killing wildlife and human

Eutrophication

Spray drift kills harmless plants and remains in the environment and can end up in food

Accumulates in food chain kills harmless species

Health hazard, leakage of toxic chemicals and CH4, buried in ground or on rubbish tipsburied in ground do not decay so take up spaceCancer(human), even death

mutation(otherspecies), r)

How to Avoid Air PollutionYes, we can avoid pollution as Follows

Use natural Gases, like LPG autosDo not Burst CrackersUse less Amount of Fuel for VehiclesAvoid use of electric stoves and use bio gas

Water God’s Valuable Gift

Definition of Water Pollution

The Contamination of water with

undesirable substances which make it unfit for usage is termed water Pollution.

Causes of Water Pollution

• About 40% of Deaths worldwide are caused by Water Pollution.

• Water Pollution is Caused by organsic and inorganic industrial wastes and affluents discharged into rivers.

• Noise also causes anxiety stress reacation and fright.

Water Pollution Pictures

Effects of Water Pollution

• Diseases like Cholera

• Malaria

• Typhoid (spread during the rainy season )

• Aquatic life gets destroyed

How to Avoid Water Pollution

• Rivers should not be used for washing clothes or bathing animals in.

• Harvesting of Rainwater to meet water requirements.

• Dams &embankments must be created.

• The rivers must not be contaminated.

• In sacred river like Ganga the dead bodies shouldn’t thrown.

Definition of Radio Active Pollution

• Despite the Advantage of nuclear as a clean energy, the big concern is the result from nuclear reaction, which produces radioactive particles and ray.

• Radiation will from Radio Active Pollution.

Causes of Radio Active Pollution

• Nuclear power (Chernobyl 1986) plants(Ex:Neyveli,Kalpakkam)

• Nuclear Weapon(Ex:Missiles)

• Disposal of Nuclear Waste

• Uranium Mining

Chernobyl released two radioactive chemicals

Radioactive iodine has half life of 8 days so does not stay in the atmosphere for long but if absorbed accumulates in thyroid gland resulting in thyroid cancer

Caesium has 30yrs half life so agricultural land in Belarus and Ukraine have become unusable

Safe disposal of radioactive material is a problem. Radiation interferes with cell growth and division. High doses are fatal low doses cause sickness, skin burns, cancer like leukaemia, hair loss.

1945 atom bomb explosion in Hiroshima and Nagashaki may have caused inherited mutations which will come to light after several generations

Effects of Radio Active Pollution

The Diseases include blood in cough Ulcer Swelling of bone joints Cancer Lung Cancer Skin Cancer Bone Cancer Eye Problems

How to Prevent of Radio Active Pollution

• Avoid Constructing Nuclear Power Plants

• Avoid Using Nuclear Weapon

• Have Proper Treatment for Nuclear Waste

• Avoid mining for Uranium to a minimal

NOISELESS ATMOSPHERENOISELESS ATMOSPHERE

Noise can be simply defined as Noise can be simply defined as unwanted sound.unwanted sound.

The sound is pleasant or not depends The sound is pleasant or not depends upon its loudness,duration,rhythm upon its loudness,duration,rhythm and the mood of the person.and the mood of the person.

Noise pollution not only results in Noise pollution not only results in irritation and anger.irritation and anger.

Causes of Noise Pollution

• Traffic Noise

• Air craft Noise

• Noise from construction and civil engineering works.

• Noise from the Industries.

• Noise from other sources.

See what is this?

• Picture shows : Noise Pollution

Effects of Noise Pollution

• Hearing Loss

• High Blood Pressure

• Stress

• Sleep Disturbance

• Color Blindness

How to Avoid Noise Pollution

• The Government should ensure the new machines that Should be noise proof.

• Air ports must be away from residential area.

• The Sound horn symbol is to be in School Roads.

Prevention of Noise Pollution

• Pleasant Home

• Bhagavan Baba says “Silent is God”.

• We need to talk sweetly to others.

• Talk Less Work More.

• Sound affects our ears so loud noise should be avoided.

Definition of Land Pollution

• One fourth of area is covered by land is Called Land.

• Land is a earth which is occupied by people for shelter,occuption etc..,

Causes of Land PollutionCauses of Land Pollution

We can classify major sources that lead to land We can classify major sources that lead to land following Categoriesfollowing Categories

Mining and quarryingMining and quarrying Sewage wasteSewage waste Household GarbageHousehold Garbage Industrial WasteIndustrial Waste

Land pollution picturesLand pollution pictures

Effects of Land PollutionEffects of Land Pollution

The Land Cannot be construct houseThe Land Cannot be construct house Man cannot be farmingMan cannot be farming Ground water will gets AffectedGround water will gets Affected House hold Garbage like putting Plastics House hold Garbage like putting Plastics

Prevention of Land Pollution

• More and more land should be brought under farming

• Trees should be planted everywhere.• Waste matter should be disposed

immediately• Avoid drilling the Land for more

underground water.• Avoid using more fertilizers and

Pesticides.

References

• Science books• www.google.com• http://en.wikepedia.org/wiki/AirPollution• Free foto.com