OBJS1.Discuss why the United States adopted the reservation

policy.2.Explain why war erupted between the Native Americans

and the US Government.3.Discuss how the US Government attempted to

Americanize the Native Americans.

Who is this man?

Copy HWRead and outline p. 436-443 and take notes on the

following:How did the Federal Government help to settle the

newly acquired territories?Who were the migrants to the Plains and what was life

like?QuestionsHow did the Dawes Act change Native American

culture?What were the Jim Crow laws?What were the Civil War amendments and what did

each do?What was the case and decision in Plessy v. Ferguson

IntroWhat had the Indian Removal Act done?

Indian CountryIndian Removal Act (1830) – had moved all

NA s west of the Mississippi River

Treaty of Ft. Laramie (1851) – US had promised NA s control of the PlainsViolated when news of “gold” spread

New treaties signedPlains Indians forced to move to reservationsPromised permanent reservation land, money,

food and yearly suppliesBureau of Indian Affairs created to oversee the

above Worked with the US Gov.

Native American ResistancePlains Indians opposed to reservation system

without buffaloFought US Gov. – 20K soldiers and NA

enemiesBuffalo Soldiers

Sand Creek Massacre - CO1864 200 Cheyenne and Arapaho were killed Result = Treaty of Medicine Lodge – 1867

NA Resistance con’tSioux

US gov forced to move – gold in the Black HillsSitting Bull leads defiance1876 – vision of a great Sioux victoryBattle of Rosebud – NA s gain confidenceCamp set up w/2000 SiouxCuster sent to attack = outnumbered 3 to 1

Killed along with all of his men BATTLE OF LITTLE BIGHORN

Wounded KneePauite holy man – Wovoka began the Ghost

DanceQuote p. 429Outlawed by US Gov.Sitting Bull killed in a skirmishDec. 15th 1890Dec. 29 – 300 Sioux killed / 30 US

militaryEnd of “Indian Wars”

Nez PercesNE OregonForced to move to

IdahoSkirmish erupts Nez Perces on the

run to Canada chased by US solders

Surrendered432 – Chief Joseph

speech

SWApache

Geronimo opposed to the reservations

Attacks on settlementsSurrendered Sept. 4,

1886

PauiteSarah Winnemuca

appealed to Pres. Hayes to let them return to their land

Hayes approved but BIA opposed

AssimilationFed. Gov.

established Indian Schools to Americanize the NA s – Ex. Carlisle School in PA

Dawes Allotment Act (1887) – division of NA lands to be divided into 160 acre parcels – claimed by NAs Purpose – turn Plains Indians into farmersDisaster for NA s

NavajoUS gov tried to

force them to farm on unfertile land

Moved to diff. reservation and thrivedSilver mining Sheep herdingWeaving

closureBy 1890 – NA pop was only 250K