Upload
mistersyracuse
View
446
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
How can you determine if your observation using only sight was correct?
Observation and Observation and InferenceInference
Observation ______________________________________A. Five Senses are 1)_________________________
2)_________________________ 3)_________________________ 4)_________________________ 5)_________________________
B. Test your power of observation
Interaction of our senses with our environmentSight
Hearing
Touch or FeelTaste
Smell
Use a RULER_____________
Tools can be used to extend our powers of observation. These devices have been developed
by people to extended the senses beyond the normal limit, and thus enable us to make
observations that are normally impossible or highly inaccurate.
_____________Graduated Cylinder
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________
_____________________
_____________
_____________
_____________
GPS Unit
Wind Vane
Thermometer
CompassTelescope
Microscope
Magnifying Glass
Electronic Scale
Ruler
Which instruments can be used to measure these things?
___________ ___________ ___________Microscope Telescope
Inference ______________________________ ______________________________If you OBSERVED these storm clouds, you could INFER that___________________________ ___________________________
Interpretation of an observation based on knowledge or experience
a storm is coming and it will rain
Are the statements below Observations or Inferences
1. The dog is angry. _____ The dog is barking. _____
2. The pebble is smooth and round. _____ The pebble was carried by a stream. _____ The pebble is light brown in color. _____
3. The tire has a leak. _____ The tire is flat. _____
4. There is a track on the trail. ____ The track was made by a deer. _____
O
O
O
OI
I
I, O
I
O
ClassificationA classification system is based on
___________________________________________________
A classification system enables an investigator to
___________________________________________________
The properties or characteristics of an object
Organize objects in a meaningful way
11
22
33
44 55
99
6677
88
1122
10101111
1133
1414
ANIMALS
FISH REPTILES
BLUE JAY BEAR
BIRDS
MAMMALS
SEA HORSE
LIZARD
SHARK
PIRANHA
EAGLE
OSTRICH
PENGUIN
GORILLA
MAMMOTH
KILLER WHALE
CROCODILE
COBRA
TURTLE
BAT
Measurement is a way of expressing an observation with greater precision. It provides a numerical value for some property of the object or event being observed.
All measurements consist of: 1. _____________________
2. _____________________
Linear Measurement ____________________________________
Tool _________________________
Units ________________________
Use the model below to give the value of the labeled lines to the nearest tenth and then convert to
millimeters.
A _____________ centimeters, or _____________ millimeters
B _____________ centimeters, or _____________ millimeters
C _____________ centimeters, or _____________ millimeters
D _____________ centimeters, or _____________ millimeters
E _____________ centimeters, or _____________ millimeters
B DECA
kilo hecto
decicenti mill
i
deka
numerical value
UNITS
Distance between two points
Ruler
numerical value
2.5
0.8
25.0
4.0
7.5
5.3 53.0
75.0
40.0
8.0
Measure each line to the nearest tenth of a centimeter and millimeter.
1. ________cm, or ________ mm
2. ________cm, or ________ mm
3. ________cm, or ________ mm
4. ________cm, or ________ mm
5. ________cm, or ________ mm
Area ______________________________________________
___________________________________________________
Formula __________________________________
Units “square” units
1. squared centimeters or ________
2. squared meters or ________
3. squared kilometers or ________
Determine the area of the figures below.
7.0
4.2
82
1.9 19
42
6.2 62
8.2
70
cm2
m2
km2
A = L x W
4.7
2.8
4.7 x 2.8 =A=L x WA= 13.16 or 13.2 cm2
Amount of surface space
2.3
2.5
5.3
2.1
A=L x W
A=L x W
A=2.5 x 2.3
A=5.3 x 2.1A= 11.13 or
11.1 cm2
A= 5.75 or 5.8 cm2
Volume (“three dimensional measurement” sometimes referred to as the “size” of an object.) ___________________ ____________________________________________________
Determining VOLUME of liquids
Tool _______________________
Units ______________________
What is the volume of the graduated cylinders below?
_________ml _________ml _________ml
Measurement
____________
Volume of Rectangular Solids
Tool _______________________
Formula ____________________
Units
cubic cm or_______________ cubic m or ____________________
13
53
19
66 ml
Graduated Cylinder
ml
Amount of space an object occupies
Ruler
V = L x W x H
cm3
m3
Determine the volume of the objects.
3cm
3cm
3cm
8cm
8cm
9cm3cm
4cm
4cm_______________ _______________
_______________Volume by Displacement
27 cm3
144 cm3
160 cm3
V = L x W x H
V = 3 x 3 x 3 V= 3 x 4 x 8
V= 4 x 8 x 9
What is the VOLUME of the rock?
___________ ___________
___________
7 ml 9 ml
2 ml
Density __________________________________________
DENSITY IS INCREASING
Formula
Instruments
Liquid ____________________
Solid _____________
Units
___________ OR __________
Solve this problem:
The dimensions of a regular rectangular object are given as illustrated at the right. Given that the object has a mass of 150 grams, calculate its density.
+ ________________
1cm
2cm 5c
m
Concentration of matter in an object
graduated cylinder
ruler scale
g/ml g/cm3
D = M/V
V=L x W x H
V=5 x 1 x 2V= 10 cm3
D = 150 g 10 cm3
D = 15 g/cm3
1212
In the illustration to the right the mass of Object X is 80 grams. The volume can be determined by water displacement.
What is the density of Object X?
________________
____
____
2 ml
4 ml
Object Y is a perfect cube. The density of Object Y is 5.5 g/cm3
What is the mass of Object Y as shown by the electronic scale?
_____________________________Calculate the volume of Object Y.
1000.0 g
M
VD
D =
M
V
5.5 g/cm3=
1000.0g V
V = 181.8cm3
D =
M
V
80.0g2 cm3
D = D = 40 g/cm3
40 g/cm3
Density Relationships
1. Density in Relation to Size
= 1cm= 1cm33
== 1 gram of 1 gram of particleparticle
Total mass= ______
Total volu= ______
Density= ______Total mass= ______
Total volu= ______
Density= ______
2. Density in Relation to Temperature
The size of an object does NOT determine or affect its density.
RELATIONSHIP
_________________________________________________________
RELATIONSHIP
Densi
ty
Size
Densi
ty
Temperature
_________________________________________________________As temperature increases, density decreases
== 1 gram of 1 gram of particleparticle
Volume _____________Mass _______________Density _____________
increasesremains same
decreases
6 g
24 g1cm3
4 cm3
6 g/cm3
6 g/cm3
3. Density in Relation to State of Matter
4. Density in Relation to Pressure
RELATIONSHIP
_________ _________ _________Solid Liquid Gas
Decreasing Density
WATER ________________________________________
WATER is densest at 34° WATER is densest at 34° FF
_________________________________________________________
Solid GasLiquidLiquidSolid Gas
Den
sit
y Den
sit
y o
f W
ate
r
Volume _____________
Mass __________________
Density ________________
As pressure increases, density increases
decreases _____
remains the same
increases
Densi
ty
Pressure
Temperature __________________________________________
Instrument _____________________________________
Units ________________
________________
________________
Average kinetic energy of a materialthermometer
Fahrenheit oF
Celsius oC
Kelvin K
0
293
373100
0
-40
-273
-40
32
70
98
Water Boils
Human Body
Water Freezes
Absolute Zero
212 F
-496F
37 C
22 C
233.15
310.15
-273.15