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  Seasons in the Sea2006 Teacher Workshop

Oceanography - 101Oceanography - 101

Ru MorrisonRu Morrison

UNHUNHCoastal Observing Center Coastal Observing Center 

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  Seasons in the Sea2006 Teacher Workshop

Where?Where?

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  Seasons in the Sea2006 Teacher Workshop

(From Bigelow, 1927)

Surface Salinity

(Winter)

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  Seasons in the Sea2006 Teacher Workshop

Oceanographic DisciplinesOceanographic Disciplines

• Physical - stratificationPhysical - stratification

• Chemical - nutrientsChemical - nutrients• Biological - phytoplanktonBiological - phytoplankton

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  Seasons in the Sea2006 Teacher Workshop

1) Physical Oceanography1) Physical Oceanography

Seasonal StratificationSeasonal Stratification

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  Seasons in the Sea2006 Teacher Workshop

Introducing the ClinesIntroducing the Clines

Kevin Kline

Fish CalledWanda

Seasonal

ThermoclineAll over the

place

Patsy Cline

Singer 

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  Seasons in the SeaTeacher Workshop2006 

Amy HoltCline

UNH

I almost forgot!I almost forgot!

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  Seasons in the Sea2006 Teacher Workshop

LightLight

Summer FallWinter Spring

Station WB3

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  Seasons in the Sea2006 Teacher Workshop

How to Mix things up a little (or a lot)How to Mix things up a little (or a lot)

Summer Wind mix from the

Surface down

Seasonal Convective

mixing – cold water 

dense

Tides mix from

the bottom up

If too shallow no seasonal

stratification

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  Seasons in the Sea2006 Teacher Workshop

Air and water temperaturesAir and water temperatures

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  Seasons in the Sea2006 Teacher Workshop

Something Strange afoot inSomething Strange afoot in

Wilkinson BasinWilkinson Basin

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  Seasons in the Sea2006 Teacher Workshop

Stratification SummaryStratification Summary

• Due to density changesDue to density changes – DuringDuring Winter Winter months waters well mixedmonths waters well mixed

 – Increased sun inIncreased sun in SpringSpring warms surface waterswarms surface waters

→ less dense and floats→ less dense and floats – Decreased sun and increased storms begin toDecreased sun and increased storms begin to

mix things upmix things up FallFall

 – Back to mixed in Winter Back to mixed in Winter 

• Not that simple as you need to consider Not that simple as you need to consider salinity as wellsalinity as well

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  Seasons in the Sea2006 Teacher Workshop

2) Chemical Oceanography2) Chemical Oceanography

NutrientsNutrients