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2011-0923
-1-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利基本知識與撰寫技巧入門
李皞白 副總經理
冠亞智財股份有限公司
Tel 03-5910302bryanleegainiacom
2011-0923-2-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
簡 歷bull 現職
-- 冠亞智財(股)公司 副總經理
bull 學歷
bull -- 元智大學電機所 碩士
bull -- 中國東北財經大學 法學碩士
bull 經歷
bull -- 元智大學機械系 兼任講師
bull -- 海天專利事務所 專利主任資深專利工程師
bull -- 中威光電公司 製程整合課長
bull -- 中山科學研究院 副研員
bull 講座-(僅列99年法人學校部份)
ndash 財團法人自強基金會ndash進階專利分析
訓練課程 講師
ndash 財團法人連接器協會ndash專利侵權鑑定
與實作演練課程 講師
ndash 台灣大學生科中心 - 從專利侵權鑑
定過程談專利迴避設計之技巧 講師
ndash 中興大學電機所 - 從專利侵權鑑定
過程談專利迴避設計之技巧 講師
ndash 台灣大學產學中心 ndash 創新性之專利
迴避設計 講師
ndash 中興大學 教育部顧問室- 高科技專
利取得與攻防研習課程講師
ndash 工研院- 管理者對專利及其應用策
略解析 講師
bull 榮譽工研院 96年度 桂冠講師
2011-0923-3-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
內容大綱bull 專利基本知識
bull 專利說明書的意義
bull 專利說明書的結構
bull 申請專利範圍的組成
ndash 申請專利範圍的撰寫型態
ndash 申請專利範圍的解析流程
ndash 解釋專利權範圍之各項原則及意義
bull 專利評估
bull 專利訴訟案例介紹
bull 說明書撰寫常犯的問題
ndash 說明書撰寫案例介紹
bull 如何撰寫專利說明書
ndash 申請專利範圍撰寫型態
2011-0923
-4-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利基本知識
2011-0923-5-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利種類bull 為鼓勵保護利用發明與創作以促進產業發展
ndash 保護申請人的權利
ndash 保障產業與社會大眾知的權利
bull 專利種類(各國規定不一樣)ndash 發明(TW) 發明(CN) 特許(JP) Utility(US)ndash 新型(TW) 實用新型(CN) 實用新案(JP) Utility(US)ndash 新式樣(TW) 外觀(CN) 意匠(JP) Design(US)
bull 申請後經主管機關審查公告後始具有權利
ndash 發明新式樣實體審查(專利三要件)bull 產業利用性新穎性進步性
ndash 新型形式審查
bull 發明申請案申請十八個月後早期公開(TWCNJPUSEP)ndash 早期公開案並不具有專利權
2011-0923-6-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
申請
公開
公告
專利權啟始日
專利申請程序
專利權權利期限
18個月公開(早期公開)
期滿
三年內提出實質審查(延後審查新型例外)
申復答辯再審提起行政訴訟hellip
需定期繳交維護費
2011-0923-7-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利分類
國家區域
發明 新型 新式樣 備註
中華民國
(臺灣)
20 10 12早期公開制
請求審查制
形式審查制
美國
20
(Utility Patent)(Plant Patent)
14(Design Patent)新式樣專利案則不須繳
納年費
日本 20(特許)
6(實用新型)
15(意匠)
南韓 20 10 15
EPCPCT 20
中國
(大陸)
20 10(實用新型)
10(外觀設計)
各國專利制度概要表
2011-0923-8-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書之價值-1
bull 世界智慧財產權組織(WIPO)報導
ndash 在各式專業期刊雜誌百科全書等有關技術發展的資料
中唯一能夠全盤公開技術核心者僅有專利資訊
ndash 在專利說明書中含有90~95之研發成果而且其中
80並未揭露在其他雜誌期刊中
ndash 善用專利資訊可縮短研發時間60
ndash 善用專利資訊可節省研究經費40
2011-0923-9-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書之價值-2bull 充份揭露該行業人士可複製知識的環境
bull 中華民國專利法第26條ndash 發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有
通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 35 USC 112ndash Specification shall contain a written description of the
invention and of the manner and process of making and using it in such full clear concise and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains or with which it is most nearly connected to make and use the same and shall set forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor of carrying out his invention
2011-0923-10-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利的權利bull 中華民國專利法第56條
ndash 物品專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有排除他人未經其
同意而製造為販賣之要約販賣使用或為上述目的而進
口該物品之權方法專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有
排除他人未經其同意而使用該方法及使用為販賣之要約
販賣或為上述目的而進口該方法直接製成物品之權bull 35 USC 154
ndash Every patent shall contain a short title of the invention and a grant to the patentee his heirs or assigns of the right to exclude others from making using offering for sale or selling the invention throughout the United States or importing the invention into the United States and if the invention is a process of the right to exclude others from using offering for sale or selling throughout the United States or importing into the United States products made by that process referring to the specification for the particulars thereof
2011-0923-11-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權專利權
排他權排他權未經專利權人同意
製造
為販賣之要約販賣 使用
進口
不可不可
侵害專利權侵害專利權
2011-0923-12-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之權利本質專利權之權利本質
bull 專利權之本質為「排他權」
ndash 是專利權人專有「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之要約」
「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法之排他權
ndash 排他權意指排除他人對於特定專利「自由實施」之權
利亦即他人未經權利所有人之同意或授權不得製造
販賣為販賣之要約使用及進口該專利中「申請專利範
圍」所揭露者
bull 擁有專利權不代表可以去「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之
要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法
bull 擁有專利權可以排除他人未經同意(授權)去「製造」「販
賣」「為販賣之要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方
法
2011-0923-13-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之保護標的
bull 物品(具體)ndash (看得到摸得到)ndash 小元件
ndash 設備
ndash 系統
ndash 生產線
ndash
bull 方法ndash 製作方法流程
ndash 控制方法流程
ndash 檢測方法流程
ndash 管理方法流程
ndash 會計方法流程
ndash 採購方法流程
ndash
2011-0923-14-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-1
bull (專利法第24條)bull 動植物新品種
ndash 牽涉道德問題
bull 生產動植物之主要生物學方法
ndash (微生物學之生產方法不在此限)bull 人體或動物疾病之診斷治療或外科手術方法
ndash 顧及大眾福祉
bull 妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
2011-0923-15-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-2bull 自然法則本身
ndash 能量不滅定律萬有引力定律伯努利定律PV=nRTndash 若將自然法則付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵 則可申請專利
bull 數學方法
ndash 若將數學方法付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 單純的電腦程式
ndash 若將電腦程式付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 必須藉助人類推理力記憶力等心智活動始能執行之規則方法或計
畫
ndash 魔術猜謎方法
ndash 但是商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目(應與資訊系統結合)bull 行政管理採購方法
2011-0923-16-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目
bull 若商業方法係利用電腦技術予以實現
者其技術手段之本質並非商業方法本
身而為藉助電腦硬體資源達到某種商
業目的或功能之具體實施方法得認定
其屬技術領域的技術手段而符合發明之
定義(如萊爾富公司申請之I254225專利-銷授點系統)
bull 依此將電腦軟體或自由軟體之程式所形
成之動作或是指令 ldquo應用化rdquo 即可符
合 ldquo物或是方法rdquo之發明態樣
bull 故提供發明標的至少包括ndash 系統功能方塊圖或
ndash 工作流程圖
2011-0923-17-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW-I2542251一種銷售點系統40其係包括有一個使用者終端裝置42其係包含有一
個互動式多功能終端裝置42A以及一個
網路連接裝置13一個前台主機44其係包含有一個收銀
裝置44A以及一個網路連接裝置13以及
至少一個列印裝置46A46B其中該使用者終端裝置42以及該前台
主機 44係分別藉由其網路連接裝置13而彼此相連並且可與至少一個內容服務
商52相連
2011-0923-18-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-3bull 遊戲或運動之規則
ndash 遊戲機具運動器材具有技術性而符合發明之定義
bull 運動器材是火網交織的專利戰區Golf Tennis bull 個人技能
ndash 指叉球投球法純粹依個人之天分及技巧熟練程度方能達成之技能亦
非一般人可由其技術揭露而重覆實施者非屬發明之類型
bull 單純之發現
ndash 發現主要指自然界中固有的物現象及法則等之科學發現
ndash 惟若首次由自然界分離所得之物其結構形態或其他物理化學性質與
已知者不同且能被明確界定者則該物本身及分離方法均符合發明之
定義
bull 發現基因或微生物經由特殊分離步驟獲得該基因或微生物時則
該基因或微生物本身均符合發明之定義
bull 單純之資訊(文字)揭示單純之美術創作
ndash 屬於「著作權 」或「商標」的範疇
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-2-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
簡 歷bull 現職
-- 冠亞智財(股)公司 副總經理
bull 學歷
bull -- 元智大學電機所 碩士
bull -- 中國東北財經大學 法學碩士
bull 經歷
bull -- 元智大學機械系 兼任講師
bull -- 海天專利事務所 專利主任資深專利工程師
bull -- 中威光電公司 製程整合課長
bull -- 中山科學研究院 副研員
bull 講座-(僅列99年法人學校部份)
ndash 財團法人自強基金會ndash進階專利分析
訓練課程 講師
ndash 財團法人連接器協會ndash專利侵權鑑定
與實作演練課程 講師
ndash 台灣大學生科中心 - 從專利侵權鑑
定過程談專利迴避設計之技巧 講師
ndash 中興大學電機所 - 從專利侵權鑑定
過程談專利迴避設計之技巧 講師
ndash 台灣大學產學中心 ndash 創新性之專利
迴避設計 講師
ndash 中興大學 教育部顧問室- 高科技專
利取得與攻防研習課程講師
ndash 工研院- 管理者對專利及其應用策
略解析 講師
bull 榮譽工研院 96年度 桂冠講師
2011-0923-3-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
內容大綱bull 專利基本知識
bull 專利說明書的意義
bull 專利說明書的結構
bull 申請專利範圍的組成
ndash 申請專利範圍的撰寫型態
ndash 申請專利範圍的解析流程
ndash 解釋專利權範圍之各項原則及意義
bull 專利評估
bull 專利訴訟案例介紹
bull 說明書撰寫常犯的問題
ndash 說明書撰寫案例介紹
bull 如何撰寫專利說明書
ndash 申請專利範圍撰寫型態
2011-0923
-4-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利基本知識
2011-0923-5-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利種類bull 為鼓勵保護利用發明與創作以促進產業發展
ndash 保護申請人的權利
ndash 保障產業與社會大眾知的權利
bull 專利種類(各國規定不一樣)ndash 發明(TW) 發明(CN) 特許(JP) Utility(US)ndash 新型(TW) 實用新型(CN) 實用新案(JP) Utility(US)ndash 新式樣(TW) 外觀(CN) 意匠(JP) Design(US)
bull 申請後經主管機關審查公告後始具有權利
ndash 發明新式樣實體審查(專利三要件)bull 產業利用性新穎性進步性
ndash 新型形式審查
bull 發明申請案申請十八個月後早期公開(TWCNJPUSEP)ndash 早期公開案並不具有專利權
2011-0923-6-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
申請
公開
公告
專利權啟始日
專利申請程序
專利權權利期限
18個月公開(早期公開)
期滿
三年內提出實質審查(延後審查新型例外)
申復答辯再審提起行政訴訟hellip
需定期繳交維護費
2011-0923-7-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利分類
國家區域
發明 新型 新式樣 備註
中華民國
(臺灣)
20 10 12早期公開制
請求審查制
形式審查制
美國
20
(Utility Patent)(Plant Patent)
14(Design Patent)新式樣專利案則不須繳
納年費
日本 20(特許)
6(實用新型)
15(意匠)
南韓 20 10 15
EPCPCT 20
中國
(大陸)
20 10(實用新型)
10(外觀設計)
各國專利制度概要表
2011-0923-8-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書之價值-1
bull 世界智慧財產權組織(WIPO)報導
ndash 在各式專業期刊雜誌百科全書等有關技術發展的資料
中唯一能夠全盤公開技術核心者僅有專利資訊
ndash 在專利說明書中含有90~95之研發成果而且其中
80並未揭露在其他雜誌期刊中
ndash 善用專利資訊可縮短研發時間60
ndash 善用專利資訊可節省研究經費40
2011-0923-9-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書之價值-2bull 充份揭露該行業人士可複製知識的環境
bull 中華民國專利法第26條ndash 發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有
通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 35 USC 112ndash Specification shall contain a written description of the
invention and of the manner and process of making and using it in such full clear concise and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains or with which it is most nearly connected to make and use the same and shall set forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor of carrying out his invention
2011-0923-10-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利的權利bull 中華民國專利法第56條
ndash 物品專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有排除他人未經其
同意而製造為販賣之要約販賣使用或為上述目的而進
口該物品之權方法專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有
排除他人未經其同意而使用該方法及使用為販賣之要約
販賣或為上述目的而進口該方法直接製成物品之權bull 35 USC 154
ndash Every patent shall contain a short title of the invention and a grant to the patentee his heirs or assigns of the right to exclude others from making using offering for sale or selling the invention throughout the United States or importing the invention into the United States and if the invention is a process of the right to exclude others from using offering for sale or selling throughout the United States or importing into the United States products made by that process referring to the specification for the particulars thereof
2011-0923-11-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權專利權
排他權排他權未經專利權人同意
製造
為販賣之要約販賣 使用
進口
不可不可
侵害專利權侵害專利權
2011-0923-12-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之權利本質專利權之權利本質
bull 專利權之本質為「排他權」
ndash 是專利權人專有「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之要約」
「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法之排他權
ndash 排他權意指排除他人對於特定專利「自由實施」之權
利亦即他人未經權利所有人之同意或授權不得製造
販賣為販賣之要約使用及進口該專利中「申請專利範
圍」所揭露者
bull 擁有專利權不代表可以去「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之
要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法
bull 擁有專利權可以排除他人未經同意(授權)去「製造」「販
賣」「為販賣之要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方
法
2011-0923-13-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之保護標的
bull 物品(具體)ndash (看得到摸得到)ndash 小元件
ndash 設備
ndash 系統
ndash 生產線
ndash
bull 方法ndash 製作方法流程
ndash 控制方法流程
ndash 檢測方法流程
ndash 管理方法流程
ndash 會計方法流程
ndash 採購方法流程
ndash
2011-0923-14-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-1
bull (專利法第24條)bull 動植物新品種
ndash 牽涉道德問題
bull 生產動植物之主要生物學方法
ndash (微生物學之生產方法不在此限)bull 人體或動物疾病之診斷治療或外科手術方法
ndash 顧及大眾福祉
bull 妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
2011-0923-15-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-2bull 自然法則本身
ndash 能量不滅定律萬有引力定律伯努利定律PV=nRTndash 若將自然法則付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵 則可申請專利
bull 數學方法
ndash 若將數學方法付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 單純的電腦程式
ndash 若將電腦程式付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 必須藉助人類推理力記憶力等心智活動始能執行之規則方法或計
畫
ndash 魔術猜謎方法
ndash 但是商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目(應與資訊系統結合)bull 行政管理採購方法
2011-0923-16-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目
bull 若商業方法係利用電腦技術予以實現
者其技術手段之本質並非商業方法本
身而為藉助電腦硬體資源達到某種商
業目的或功能之具體實施方法得認定
其屬技術領域的技術手段而符合發明之
定義(如萊爾富公司申請之I254225專利-銷授點系統)
bull 依此將電腦軟體或自由軟體之程式所形
成之動作或是指令 ldquo應用化rdquo 即可符
合 ldquo物或是方法rdquo之發明態樣
bull 故提供發明標的至少包括ndash 系統功能方塊圖或
ndash 工作流程圖
2011-0923-17-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW-I2542251一種銷售點系統40其係包括有一個使用者終端裝置42其係包含有一
個互動式多功能終端裝置42A以及一個
網路連接裝置13一個前台主機44其係包含有一個收銀
裝置44A以及一個網路連接裝置13以及
至少一個列印裝置46A46B其中該使用者終端裝置42以及該前台
主機 44係分別藉由其網路連接裝置13而彼此相連並且可與至少一個內容服務
商52相連
2011-0923-18-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-3bull 遊戲或運動之規則
ndash 遊戲機具運動器材具有技術性而符合發明之定義
bull 運動器材是火網交織的專利戰區Golf Tennis bull 個人技能
ndash 指叉球投球法純粹依個人之天分及技巧熟練程度方能達成之技能亦
非一般人可由其技術揭露而重覆實施者非屬發明之類型
bull 單純之發現
ndash 發現主要指自然界中固有的物現象及法則等之科學發現
ndash 惟若首次由自然界分離所得之物其結構形態或其他物理化學性質與
已知者不同且能被明確界定者則該物本身及分離方法均符合發明之
定義
bull 發現基因或微生物經由特殊分離步驟獲得該基因或微生物時則
該基因或微生物本身均符合發明之定義
bull 單純之資訊(文字)揭示單純之美術創作
ndash 屬於「著作權 」或「商標」的範疇
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-3-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
內容大綱bull 專利基本知識
bull 專利說明書的意義
bull 專利說明書的結構
bull 申請專利範圍的組成
ndash 申請專利範圍的撰寫型態
ndash 申請專利範圍的解析流程
ndash 解釋專利權範圍之各項原則及意義
bull 專利評估
bull 專利訴訟案例介紹
bull 說明書撰寫常犯的問題
ndash 說明書撰寫案例介紹
bull 如何撰寫專利說明書
ndash 申請專利範圍撰寫型態
2011-0923
-4-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利基本知識
2011-0923-5-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利種類bull 為鼓勵保護利用發明與創作以促進產業發展
ndash 保護申請人的權利
ndash 保障產業與社會大眾知的權利
bull 專利種類(各國規定不一樣)ndash 發明(TW) 發明(CN) 特許(JP) Utility(US)ndash 新型(TW) 實用新型(CN) 實用新案(JP) Utility(US)ndash 新式樣(TW) 外觀(CN) 意匠(JP) Design(US)
bull 申請後經主管機關審查公告後始具有權利
ndash 發明新式樣實體審查(專利三要件)bull 產業利用性新穎性進步性
ndash 新型形式審查
bull 發明申請案申請十八個月後早期公開(TWCNJPUSEP)ndash 早期公開案並不具有專利權
2011-0923-6-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
申請
公開
公告
專利權啟始日
專利申請程序
專利權權利期限
18個月公開(早期公開)
期滿
三年內提出實質審查(延後審查新型例外)
申復答辯再審提起行政訴訟hellip
需定期繳交維護費
2011-0923-7-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利分類
國家區域
發明 新型 新式樣 備註
中華民國
(臺灣)
20 10 12早期公開制
請求審查制
形式審查制
美國
20
(Utility Patent)(Plant Patent)
14(Design Patent)新式樣專利案則不須繳
納年費
日本 20(特許)
6(實用新型)
15(意匠)
南韓 20 10 15
EPCPCT 20
中國
(大陸)
20 10(實用新型)
10(外觀設計)
各國專利制度概要表
2011-0923-8-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書之價值-1
bull 世界智慧財產權組織(WIPO)報導
ndash 在各式專業期刊雜誌百科全書等有關技術發展的資料
中唯一能夠全盤公開技術核心者僅有專利資訊
ndash 在專利說明書中含有90~95之研發成果而且其中
80並未揭露在其他雜誌期刊中
ndash 善用專利資訊可縮短研發時間60
ndash 善用專利資訊可節省研究經費40
2011-0923-9-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書之價值-2bull 充份揭露該行業人士可複製知識的環境
bull 中華民國專利法第26條ndash 發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有
通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 35 USC 112ndash Specification shall contain a written description of the
invention and of the manner and process of making and using it in such full clear concise and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains or with which it is most nearly connected to make and use the same and shall set forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor of carrying out his invention
2011-0923-10-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利的權利bull 中華民國專利法第56條
ndash 物品專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有排除他人未經其
同意而製造為販賣之要約販賣使用或為上述目的而進
口該物品之權方法專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有
排除他人未經其同意而使用該方法及使用為販賣之要約
販賣或為上述目的而進口該方法直接製成物品之權bull 35 USC 154
ndash Every patent shall contain a short title of the invention and a grant to the patentee his heirs or assigns of the right to exclude others from making using offering for sale or selling the invention throughout the United States or importing the invention into the United States and if the invention is a process of the right to exclude others from using offering for sale or selling throughout the United States or importing into the United States products made by that process referring to the specification for the particulars thereof
2011-0923-11-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權專利權
排他權排他權未經專利權人同意
製造
為販賣之要約販賣 使用
進口
不可不可
侵害專利權侵害專利權
2011-0923-12-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之權利本質專利權之權利本質
bull 專利權之本質為「排他權」
ndash 是專利權人專有「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之要約」
「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法之排他權
ndash 排他權意指排除他人對於特定專利「自由實施」之權
利亦即他人未經權利所有人之同意或授權不得製造
販賣為販賣之要約使用及進口該專利中「申請專利範
圍」所揭露者
bull 擁有專利權不代表可以去「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之
要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法
bull 擁有專利權可以排除他人未經同意(授權)去「製造」「販
賣」「為販賣之要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方
法
2011-0923-13-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之保護標的
bull 物品(具體)ndash (看得到摸得到)ndash 小元件
ndash 設備
ndash 系統
ndash 生產線
ndash
bull 方法ndash 製作方法流程
ndash 控制方法流程
ndash 檢測方法流程
ndash 管理方法流程
ndash 會計方法流程
ndash 採購方法流程
ndash
2011-0923-14-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-1
bull (專利法第24條)bull 動植物新品種
ndash 牽涉道德問題
bull 生產動植物之主要生物學方法
ndash (微生物學之生產方法不在此限)bull 人體或動物疾病之診斷治療或外科手術方法
ndash 顧及大眾福祉
bull 妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
2011-0923-15-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-2bull 自然法則本身
ndash 能量不滅定律萬有引力定律伯努利定律PV=nRTndash 若將自然法則付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵 則可申請專利
bull 數學方法
ndash 若將數學方法付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 單純的電腦程式
ndash 若將電腦程式付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 必須藉助人類推理力記憶力等心智活動始能執行之規則方法或計
畫
ndash 魔術猜謎方法
ndash 但是商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目(應與資訊系統結合)bull 行政管理採購方法
2011-0923-16-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目
bull 若商業方法係利用電腦技術予以實現
者其技術手段之本質並非商業方法本
身而為藉助電腦硬體資源達到某種商
業目的或功能之具體實施方法得認定
其屬技術領域的技術手段而符合發明之
定義(如萊爾富公司申請之I254225專利-銷授點系統)
bull 依此將電腦軟體或自由軟體之程式所形
成之動作或是指令 ldquo應用化rdquo 即可符
合 ldquo物或是方法rdquo之發明態樣
bull 故提供發明標的至少包括ndash 系統功能方塊圖或
ndash 工作流程圖
2011-0923-17-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW-I2542251一種銷售點系統40其係包括有一個使用者終端裝置42其係包含有一
個互動式多功能終端裝置42A以及一個
網路連接裝置13一個前台主機44其係包含有一個收銀
裝置44A以及一個網路連接裝置13以及
至少一個列印裝置46A46B其中該使用者終端裝置42以及該前台
主機 44係分別藉由其網路連接裝置13而彼此相連並且可與至少一個內容服務
商52相連
2011-0923-18-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-3bull 遊戲或運動之規則
ndash 遊戲機具運動器材具有技術性而符合發明之定義
bull 運動器材是火網交織的專利戰區Golf Tennis bull 個人技能
ndash 指叉球投球法純粹依個人之天分及技巧熟練程度方能達成之技能亦
非一般人可由其技術揭露而重覆實施者非屬發明之類型
bull 單純之發現
ndash 發現主要指自然界中固有的物現象及法則等之科學發現
ndash 惟若首次由自然界分離所得之物其結構形態或其他物理化學性質與
已知者不同且能被明確界定者則該物本身及分離方法均符合發明之
定義
bull 發現基因或微生物經由特殊分離步驟獲得該基因或微生物時則
該基因或微生物本身均符合發明之定義
bull 單純之資訊(文字)揭示單純之美術創作
ndash 屬於「著作權 」或「商標」的範疇
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923
-4-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利基本知識
2011-0923-5-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利種類bull 為鼓勵保護利用發明與創作以促進產業發展
ndash 保護申請人的權利
ndash 保障產業與社會大眾知的權利
bull 專利種類(各國規定不一樣)ndash 發明(TW) 發明(CN) 特許(JP) Utility(US)ndash 新型(TW) 實用新型(CN) 實用新案(JP) Utility(US)ndash 新式樣(TW) 外觀(CN) 意匠(JP) Design(US)
bull 申請後經主管機關審查公告後始具有權利
ndash 發明新式樣實體審查(專利三要件)bull 產業利用性新穎性進步性
ndash 新型形式審查
bull 發明申請案申請十八個月後早期公開(TWCNJPUSEP)ndash 早期公開案並不具有專利權
2011-0923-6-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
申請
公開
公告
專利權啟始日
專利申請程序
專利權權利期限
18個月公開(早期公開)
期滿
三年內提出實質審查(延後審查新型例外)
申復答辯再審提起行政訴訟hellip
需定期繳交維護費
2011-0923-7-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利分類
國家區域
發明 新型 新式樣 備註
中華民國
(臺灣)
20 10 12早期公開制
請求審查制
形式審查制
美國
20
(Utility Patent)(Plant Patent)
14(Design Patent)新式樣專利案則不須繳
納年費
日本 20(特許)
6(實用新型)
15(意匠)
南韓 20 10 15
EPCPCT 20
中國
(大陸)
20 10(實用新型)
10(外觀設計)
各國專利制度概要表
2011-0923-8-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書之價值-1
bull 世界智慧財產權組織(WIPO)報導
ndash 在各式專業期刊雜誌百科全書等有關技術發展的資料
中唯一能夠全盤公開技術核心者僅有專利資訊
ndash 在專利說明書中含有90~95之研發成果而且其中
80並未揭露在其他雜誌期刊中
ndash 善用專利資訊可縮短研發時間60
ndash 善用專利資訊可節省研究經費40
2011-0923-9-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書之價值-2bull 充份揭露該行業人士可複製知識的環境
bull 中華民國專利法第26條ndash 發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有
通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 35 USC 112ndash Specification shall contain a written description of the
invention and of the manner and process of making and using it in such full clear concise and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains or with which it is most nearly connected to make and use the same and shall set forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor of carrying out his invention
2011-0923-10-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利的權利bull 中華民國專利法第56條
ndash 物品專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有排除他人未經其
同意而製造為販賣之要約販賣使用或為上述目的而進
口該物品之權方法專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有
排除他人未經其同意而使用該方法及使用為販賣之要約
販賣或為上述目的而進口該方法直接製成物品之權bull 35 USC 154
ndash Every patent shall contain a short title of the invention and a grant to the patentee his heirs or assigns of the right to exclude others from making using offering for sale or selling the invention throughout the United States or importing the invention into the United States and if the invention is a process of the right to exclude others from using offering for sale or selling throughout the United States or importing into the United States products made by that process referring to the specification for the particulars thereof
2011-0923-11-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權專利權
排他權排他權未經專利權人同意
製造
為販賣之要約販賣 使用
進口
不可不可
侵害專利權侵害專利權
2011-0923-12-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之權利本質專利權之權利本質
bull 專利權之本質為「排他權」
ndash 是專利權人專有「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之要約」
「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法之排他權
ndash 排他權意指排除他人對於特定專利「自由實施」之權
利亦即他人未經權利所有人之同意或授權不得製造
販賣為販賣之要約使用及進口該專利中「申請專利範
圍」所揭露者
bull 擁有專利權不代表可以去「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之
要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法
bull 擁有專利權可以排除他人未經同意(授權)去「製造」「販
賣」「為販賣之要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方
法
2011-0923-13-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之保護標的
bull 物品(具體)ndash (看得到摸得到)ndash 小元件
ndash 設備
ndash 系統
ndash 生產線
ndash
bull 方法ndash 製作方法流程
ndash 控制方法流程
ndash 檢測方法流程
ndash 管理方法流程
ndash 會計方法流程
ndash 採購方法流程
ndash
2011-0923-14-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-1
bull (專利法第24條)bull 動植物新品種
ndash 牽涉道德問題
bull 生產動植物之主要生物學方法
ndash (微生物學之生產方法不在此限)bull 人體或動物疾病之診斷治療或外科手術方法
ndash 顧及大眾福祉
bull 妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
2011-0923-15-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-2bull 自然法則本身
ndash 能量不滅定律萬有引力定律伯努利定律PV=nRTndash 若將自然法則付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵 則可申請專利
bull 數學方法
ndash 若將數學方法付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 單純的電腦程式
ndash 若將電腦程式付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 必須藉助人類推理力記憶力等心智活動始能執行之規則方法或計
畫
ndash 魔術猜謎方法
ndash 但是商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目(應與資訊系統結合)bull 行政管理採購方法
2011-0923-16-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目
bull 若商業方法係利用電腦技術予以實現
者其技術手段之本質並非商業方法本
身而為藉助電腦硬體資源達到某種商
業目的或功能之具體實施方法得認定
其屬技術領域的技術手段而符合發明之
定義(如萊爾富公司申請之I254225專利-銷授點系統)
bull 依此將電腦軟體或自由軟體之程式所形
成之動作或是指令 ldquo應用化rdquo 即可符
合 ldquo物或是方法rdquo之發明態樣
bull 故提供發明標的至少包括ndash 系統功能方塊圖或
ndash 工作流程圖
2011-0923-17-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW-I2542251一種銷售點系統40其係包括有一個使用者終端裝置42其係包含有一
個互動式多功能終端裝置42A以及一個
網路連接裝置13一個前台主機44其係包含有一個收銀
裝置44A以及一個網路連接裝置13以及
至少一個列印裝置46A46B其中該使用者終端裝置42以及該前台
主機 44係分別藉由其網路連接裝置13而彼此相連並且可與至少一個內容服務
商52相連
2011-0923-18-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-3bull 遊戲或運動之規則
ndash 遊戲機具運動器材具有技術性而符合發明之定義
bull 運動器材是火網交織的專利戰區Golf Tennis bull 個人技能
ndash 指叉球投球法純粹依個人之天分及技巧熟練程度方能達成之技能亦
非一般人可由其技術揭露而重覆實施者非屬發明之類型
bull 單純之發現
ndash 發現主要指自然界中固有的物現象及法則等之科學發現
ndash 惟若首次由自然界分離所得之物其結構形態或其他物理化學性質與
已知者不同且能被明確界定者則該物本身及分離方法均符合發明之
定義
bull 發現基因或微生物經由特殊分離步驟獲得該基因或微生物時則
該基因或微生物本身均符合發明之定義
bull 單純之資訊(文字)揭示單純之美術創作
ndash 屬於「著作權 」或「商標」的範疇
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-5-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利種類bull 為鼓勵保護利用發明與創作以促進產業發展
ndash 保護申請人的權利
ndash 保障產業與社會大眾知的權利
bull 專利種類(各國規定不一樣)ndash 發明(TW) 發明(CN) 特許(JP) Utility(US)ndash 新型(TW) 實用新型(CN) 實用新案(JP) Utility(US)ndash 新式樣(TW) 外觀(CN) 意匠(JP) Design(US)
bull 申請後經主管機關審查公告後始具有權利
ndash 發明新式樣實體審查(專利三要件)bull 產業利用性新穎性進步性
ndash 新型形式審查
bull 發明申請案申請十八個月後早期公開(TWCNJPUSEP)ndash 早期公開案並不具有專利權
2011-0923-6-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
申請
公開
公告
專利權啟始日
專利申請程序
專利權權利期限
18個月公開(早期公開)
期滿
三年內提出實質審查(延後審查新型例外)
申復答辯再審提起行政訴訟hellip
需定期繳交維護費
2011-0923-7-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利分類
國家區域
發明 新型 新式樣 備註
中華民國
(臺灣)
20 10 12早期公開制
請求審查制
形式審查制
美國
20
(Utility Patent)(Plant Patent)
14(Design Patent)新式樣專利案則不須繳
納年費
日本 20(特許)
6(實用新型)
15(意匠)
南韓 20 10 15
EPCPCT 20
中國
(大陸)
20 10(實用新型)
10(外觀設計)
各國專利制度概要表
2011-0923-8-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書之價值-1
bull 世界智慧財產權組織(WIPO)報導
ndash 在各式專業期刊雜誌百科全書等有關技術發展的資料
中唯一能夠全盤公開技術核心者僅有專利資訊
ndash 在專利說明書中含有90~95之研發成果而且其中
80並未揭露在其他雜誌期刊中
ndash 善用專利資訊可縮短研發時間60
ndash 善用專利資訊可節省研究經費40
2011-0923-9-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書之價值-2bull 充份揭露該行業人士可複製知識的環境
bull 中華民國專利法第26條ndash 發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有
通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 35 USC 112ndash Specification shall contain a written description of the
invention and of the manner and process of making and using it in such full clear concise and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains or with which it is most nearly connected to make and use the same and shall set forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor of carrying out his invention
2011-0923-10-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利的權利bull 中華民國專利法第56條
ndash 物品專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有排除他人未經其
同意而製造為販賣之要約販賣使用或為上述目的而進
口該物品之權方法專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有
排除他人未經其同意而使用該方法及使用為販賣之要約
販賣或為上述目的而進口該方法直接製成物品之權bull 35 USC 154
ndash Every patent shall contain a short title of the invention and a grant to the patentee his heirs or assigns of the right to exclude others from making using offering for sale or selling the invention throughout the United States or importing the invention into the United States and if the invention is a process of the right to exclude others from using offering for sale or selling throughout the United States or importing into the United States products made by that process referring to the specification for the particulars thereof
2011-0923-11-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權專利權
排他權排他權未經專利權人同意
製造
為販賣之要約販賣 使用
進口
不可不可
侵害專利權侵害專利權
2011-0923-12-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之權利本質專利權之權利本質
bull 專利權之本質為「排他權」
ndash 是專利權人專有「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之要約」
「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法之排他權
ndash 排他權意指排除他人對於特定專利「自由實施」之權
利亦即他人未經權利所有人之同意或授權不得製造
販賣為販賣之要約使用及進口該專利中「申請專利範
圍」所揭露者
bull 擁有專利權不代表可以去「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之
要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法
bull 擁有專利權可以排除他人未經同意(授權)去「製造」「販
賣」「為販賣之要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方
法
2011-0923-13-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之保護標的
bull 物品(具體)ndash (看得到摸得到)ndash 小元件
ndash 設備
ndash 系統
ndash 生產線
ndash
bull 方法ndash 製作方法流程
ndash 控制方法流程
ndash 檢測方法流程
ndash 管理方法流程
ndash 會計方法流程
ndash 採購方法流程
ndash
2011-0923-14-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-1
bull (專利法第24條)bull 動植物新品種
ndash 牽涉道德問題
bull 生產動植物之主要生物學方法
ndash (微生物學之生產方法不在此限)bull 人體或動物疾病之診斷治療或外科手術方法
ndash 顧及大眾福祉
bull 妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
2011-0923-15-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-2bull 自然法則本身
ndash 能量不滅定律萬有引力定律伯努利定律PV=nRTndash 若將自然法則付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵 則可申請專利
bull 數學方法
ndash 若將數學方法付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 單純的電腦程式
ndash 若將電腦程式付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 必須藉助人類推理力記憶力等心智活動始能執行之規則方法或計
畫
ndash 魔術猜謎方法
ndash 但是商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目(應與資訊系統結合)bull 行政管理採購方法
2011-0923-16-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目
bull 若商業方法係利用電腦技術予以實現
者其技術手段之本質並非商業方法本
身而為藉助電腦硬體資源達到某種商
業目的或功能之具體實施方法得認定
其屬技術領域的技術手段而符合發明之
定義(如萊爾富公司申請之I254225專利-銷授點系統)
bull 依此將電腦軟體或自由軟體之程式所形
成之動作或是指令 ldquo應用化rdquo 即可符
合 ldquo物或是方法rdquo之發明態樣
bull 故提供發明標的至少包括ndash 系統功能方塊圖或
ndash 工作流程圖
2011-0923-17-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW-I2542251一種銷售點系統40其係包括有一個使用者終端裝置42其係包含有一
個互動式多功能終端裝置42A以及一個
網路連接裝置13一個前台主機44其係包含有一個收銀
裝置44A以及一個網路連接裝置13以及
至少一個列印裝置46A46B其中該使用者終端裝置42以及該前台
主機 44係分別藉由其網路連接裝置13而彼此相連並且可與至少一個內容服務
商52相連
2011-0923-18-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-3bull 遊戲或運動之規則
ndash 遊戲機具運動器材具有技術性而符合發明之定義
bull 運動器材是火網交織的專利戰區Golf Tennis bull 個人技能
ndash 指叉球投球法純粹依個人之天分及技巧熟練程度方能達成之技能亦
非一般人可由其技術揭露而重覆實施者非屬發明之類型
bull 單純之發現
ndash 發現主要指自然界中固有的物現象及法則等之科學發現
ndash 惟若首次由自然界分離所得之物其結構形態或其他物理化學性質與
已知者不同且能被明確界定者則該物本身及分離方法均符合發明之
定義
bull 發現基因或微生物經由特殊分離步驟獲得該基因或微生物時則
該基因或微生物本身均符合發明之定義
bull 單純之資訊(文字)揭示單純之美術創作
ndash 屬於「著作權 」或「商標」的範疇
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-6-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
申請
公開
公告
專利權啟始日
專利申請程序
專利權權利期限
18個月公開(早期公開)
期滿
三年內提出實質審查(延後審查新型例外)
申復答辯再審提起行政訴訟hellip
需定期繳交維護費
2011-0923-7-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利分類
國家區域
發明 新型 新式樣 備註
中華民國
(臺灣)
20 10 12早期公開制
請求審查制
形式審查制
美國
20
(Utility Patent)(Plant Patent)
14(Design Patent)新式樣專利案則不須繳
納年費
日本 20(特許)
6(實用新型)
15(意匠)
南韓 20 10 15
EPCPCT 20
中國
(大陸)
20 10(實用新型)
10(外觀設計)
各國專利制度概要表
2011-0923-8-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書之價值-1
bull 世界智慧財產權組織(WIPO)報導
ndash 在各式專業期刊雜誌百科全書等有關技術發展的資料
中唯一能夠全盤公開技術核心者僅有專利資訊
ndash 在專利說明書中含有90~95之研發成果而且其中
80並未揭露在其他雜誌期刊中
ndash 善用專利資訊可縮短研發時間60
ndash 善用專利資訊可節省研究經費40
2011-0923-9-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書之價值-2bull 充份揭露該行業人士可複製知識的環境
bull 中華民國專利法第26條ndash 發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有
通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 35 USC 112ndash Specification shall contain a written description of the
invention and of the manner and process of making and using it in such full clear concise and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains or with which it is most nearly connected to make and use the same and shall set forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor of carrying out his invention
2011-0923-10-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利的權利bull 中華民國專利法第56條
ndash 物品專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有排除他人未經其
同意而製造為販賣之要約販賣使用或為上述目的而進
口該物品之權方法專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有
排除他人未經其同意而使用該方法及使用為販賣之要約
販賣或為上述目的而進口該方法直接製成物品之權bull 35 USC 154
ndash Every patent shall contain a short title of the invention and a grant to the patentee his heirs or assigns of the right to exclude others from making using offering for sale or selling the invention throughout the United States or importing the invention into the United States and if the invention is a process of the right to exclude others from using offering for sale or selling throughout the United States or importing into the United States products made by that process referring to the specification for the particulars thereof
2011-0923-11-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權專利權
排他權排他權未經專利權人同意
製造
為販賣之要約販賣 使用
進口
不可不可
侵害專利權侵害專利權
2011-0923-12-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之權利本質專利權之權利本質
bull 專利權之本質為「排他權」
ndash 是專利權人專有「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之要約」
「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法之排他權
ndash 排他權意指排除他人對於特定專利「自由實施」之權
利亦即他人未經權利所有人之同意或授權不得製造
販賣為販賣之要約使用及進口該專利中「申請專利範
圍」所揭露者
bull 擁有專利權不代表可以去「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之
要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法
bull 擁有專利權可以排除他人未經同意(授權)去「製造」「販
賣」「為販賣之要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方
法
2011-0923-13-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之保護標的
bull 物品(具體)ndash (看得到摸得到)ndash 小元件
ndash 設備
ndash 系統
ndash 生產線
ndash
bull 方法ndash 製作方法流程
ndash 控制方法流程
ndash 檢測方法流程
ndash 管理方法流程
ndash 會計方法流程
ndash 採購方法流程
ndash
2011-0923-14-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-1
bull (專利法第24條)bull 動植物新品種
ndash 牽涉道德問題
bull 生產動植物之主要生物學方法
ndash (微生物學之生產方法不在此限)bull 人體或動物疾病之診斷治療或外科手術方法
ndash 顧及大眾福祉
bull 妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
2011-0923-15-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-2bull 自然法則本身
ndash 能量不滅定律萬有引力定律伯努利定律PV=nRTndash 若將自然法則付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵 則可申請專利
bull 數學方法
ndash 若將數學方法付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 單純的電腦程式
ndash 若將電腦程式付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 必須藉助人類推理力記憶力等心智活動始能執行之規則方法或計
畫
ndash 魔術猜謎方法
ndash 但是商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目(應與資訊系統結合)bull 行政管理採購方法
2011-0923-16-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目
bull 若商業方法係利用電腦技術予以實現
者其技術手段之本質並非商業方法本
身而為藉助電腦硬體資源達到某種商
業目的或功能之具體實施方法得認定
其屬技術領域的技術手段而符合發明之
定義(如萊爾富公司申請之I254225專利-銷授點系統)
bull 依此將電腦軟體或自由軟體之程式所形
成之動作或是指令 ldquo應用化rdquo 即可符
合 ldquo物或是方法rdquo之發明態樣
bull 故提供發明標的至少包括ndash 系統功能方塊圖或
ndash 工作流程圖
2011-0923-17-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW-I2542251一種銷售點系統40其係包括有一個使用者終端裝置42其係包含有一
個互動式多功能終端裝置42A以及一個
網路連接裝置13一個前台主機44其係包含有一個收銀
裝置44A以及一個網路連接裝置13以及
至少一個列印裝置46A46B其中該使用者終端裝置42以及該前台
主機 44係分別藉由其網路連接裝置13而彼此相連並且可與至少一個內容服務
商52相連
2011-0923-18-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-3bull 遊戲或運動之規則
ndash 遊戲機具運動器材具有技術性而符合發明之定義
bull 運動器材是火網交織的專利戰區Golf Tennis bull 個人技能
ndash 指叉球投球法純粹依個人之天分及技巧熟練程度方能達成之技能亦
非一般人可由其技術揭露而重覆實施者非屬發明之類型
bull 單純之發現
ndash 發現主要指自然界中固有的物現象及法則等之科學發現
ndash 惟若首次由自然界分離所得之物其結構形態或其他物理化學性質與
已知者不同且能被明確界定者則該物本身及分離方法均符合發明之
定義
bull 發現基因或微生物經由特殊分離步驟獲得該基因或微生物時則
該基因或微生物本身均符合發明之定義
bull 單純之資訊(文字)揭示單純之美術創作
ndash 屬於「著作權 」或「商標」的範疇
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-7-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利分類
國家區域
發明 新型 新式樣 備註
中華民國
(臺灣)
20 10 12早期公開制
請求審查制
形式審查制
美國
20
(Utility Patent)(Plant Patent)
14(Design Patent)新式樣專利案則不須繳
納年費
日本 20(特許)
6(實用新型)
15(意匠)
南韓 20 10 15
EPCPCT 20
中國
(大陸)
20 10(實用新型)
10(外觀設計)
各國專利制度概要表
2011-0923-8-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書之價值-1
bull 世界智慧財產權組織(WIPO)報導
ndash 在各式專業期刊雜誌百科全書等有關技術發展的資料
中唯一能夠全盤公開技術核心者僅有專利資訊
ndash 在專利說明書中含有90~95之研發成果而且其中
80並未揭露在其他雜誌期刊中
ndash 善用專利資訊可縮短研發時間60
ndash 善用專利資訊可節省研究經費40
2011-0923-9-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書之價值-2bull 充份揭露該行業人士可複製知識的環境
bull 中華民國專利法第26條ndash 發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有
通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 35 USC 112ndash Specification shall contain a written description of the
invention and of the manner and process of making and using it in such full clear concise and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains or with which it is most nearly connected to make and use the same and shall set forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor of carrying out his invention
2011-0923-10-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利的權利bull 中華民國專利法第56條
ndash 物品專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有排除他人未經其
同意而製造為販賣之要約販賣使用或為上述目的而進
口該物品之權方法專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有
排除他人未經其同意而使用該方法及使用為販賣之要約
販賣或為上述目的而進口該方法直接製成物品之權bull 35 USC 154
ndash Every patent shall contain a short title of the invention and a grant to the patentee his heirs or assigns of the right to exclude others from making using offering for sale or selling the invention throughout the United States or importing the invention into the United States and if the invention is a process of the right to exclude others from using offering for sale or selling throughout the United States or importing into the United States products made by that process referring to the specification for the particulars thereof
2011-0923-11-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權專利權
排他權排他權未經專利權人同意
製造
為販賣之要約販賣 使用
進口
不可不可
侵害專利權侵害專利權
2011-0923-12-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之權利本質專利權之權利本質
bull 專利權之本質為「排他權」
ndash 是專利權人專有「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之要約」
「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法之排他權
ndash 排他權意指排除他人對於特定專利「自由實施」之權
利亦即他人未經權利所有人之同意或授權不得製造
販賣為販賣之要約使用及進口該專利中「申請專利範
圍」所揭露者
bull 擁有專利權不代表可以去「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之
要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法
bull 擁有專利權可以排除他人未經同意(授權)去「製造」「販
賣」「為販賣之要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方
法
2011-0923-13-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之保護標的
bull 物品(具體)ndash (看得到摸得到)ndash 小元件
ndash 設備
ndash 系統
ndash 生產線
ndash
bull 方法ndash 製作方法流程
ndash 控制方法流程
ndash 檢測方法流程
ndash 管理方法流程
ndash 會計方法流程
ndash 採購方法流程
ndash
2011-0923-14-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-1
bull (專利法第24條)bull 動植物新品種
ndash 牽涉道德問題
bull 生產動植物之主要生物學方法
ndash (微生物學之生產方法不在此限)bull 人體或動物疾病之診斷治療或外科手術方法
ndash 顧及大眾福祉
bull 妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
2011-0923-15-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-2bull 自然法則本身
ndash 能量不滅定律萬有引力定律伯努利定律PV=nRTndash 若將自然法則付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵 則可申請專利
bull 數學方法
ndash 若將數學方法付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 單純的電腦程式
ndash 若將電腦程式付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 必須藉助人類推理力記憶力等心智活動始能執行之規則方法或計
畫
ndash 魔術猜謎方法
ndash 但是商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目(應與資訊系統結合)bull 行政管理採購方法
2011-0923-16-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目
bull 若商業方法係利用電腦技術予以實現
者其技術手段之本質並非商業方法本
身而為藉助電腦硬體資源達到某種商
業目的或功能之具體實施方法得認定
其屬技術領域的技術手段而符合發明之
定義(如萊爾富公司申請之I254225專利-銷授點系統)
bull 依此將電腦軟體或自由軟體之程式所形
成之動作或是指令 ldquo應用化rdquo 即可符
合 ldquo物或是方法rdquo之發明態樣
bull 故提供發明標的至少包括ndash 系統功能方塊圖或
ndash 工作流程圖
2011-0923-17-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW-I2542251一種銷售點系統40其係包括有一個使用者終端裝置42其係包含有一
個互動式多功能終端裝置42A以及一個
網路連接裝置13一個前台主機44其係包含有一個收銀
裝置44A以及一個網路連接裝置13以及
至少一個列印裝置46A46B其中該使用者終端裝置42以及該前台
主機 44係分別藉由其網路連接裝置13而彼此相連並且可與至少一個內容服務
商52相連
2011-0923-18-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-3bull 遊戲或運動之規則
ndash 遊戲機具運動器材具有技術性而符合發明之定義
bull 運動器材是火網交織的專利戰區Golf Tennis bull 個人技能
ndash 指叉球投球法純粹依個人之天分及技巧熟練程度方能達成之技能亦
非一般人可由其技術揭露而重覆實施者非屬發明之類型
bull 單純之發現
ndash 發現主要指自然界中固有的物現象及法則等之科學發現
ndash 惟若首次由自然界分離所得之物其結構形態或其他物理化學性質與
已知者不同且能被明確界定者則該物本身及分離方法均符合發明之
定義
bull 發現基因或微生物經由特殊分離步驟獲得該基因或微生物時則
該基因或微生物本身均符合發明之定義
bull 單純之資訊(文字)揭示單純之美術創作
ndash 屬於「著作權 」或「商標」的範疇
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-8-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書之價值-1
bull 世界智慧財產權組織(WIPO)報導
ndash 在各式專業期刊雜誌百科全書等有關技術發展的資料
中唯一能夠全盤公開技術核心者僅有專利資訊
ndash 在專利說明書中含有90~95之研發成果而且其中
80並未揭露在其他雜誌期刊中
ndash 善用專利資訊可縮短研發時間60
ndash 善用專利資訊可節省研究經費40
2011-0923-9-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書之價值-2bull 充份揭露該行業人士可複製知識的環境
bull 中華民國專利法第26條ndash 發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有
通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 35 USC 112ndash Specification shall contain a written description of the
invention and of the manner and process of making and using it in such full clear concise and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains or with which it is most nearly connected to make and use the same and shall set forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor of carrying out his invention
2011-0923-10-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利的權利bull 中華民國專利法第56條
ndash 物品專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有排除他人未經其
同意而製造為販賣之要約販賣使用或為上述目的而進
口該物品之權方法專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有
排除他人未經其同意而使用該方法及使用為販賣之要約
販賣或為上述目的而進口該方法直接製成物品之權bull 35 USC 154
ndash Every patent shall contain a short title of the invention and a grant to the patentee his heirs or assigns of the right to exclude others from making using offering for sale or selling the invention throughout the United States or importing the invention into the United States and if the invention is a process of the right to exclude others from using offering for sale or selling throughout the United States or importing into the United States products made by that process referring to the specification for the particulars thereof
2011-0923-11-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權專利權
排他權排他權未經專利權人同意
製造
為販賣之要約販賣 使用
進口
不可不可
侵害專利權侵害專利權
2011-0923-12-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之權利本質專利權之權利本質
bull 專利權之本質為「排他權」
ndash 是專利權人專有「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之要約」
「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法之排他權
ndash 排他權意指排除他人對於特定專利「自由實施」之權
利亦即他人未經權利所有人之同意或授權不得製造
販賣為販賣之要約使用及進口該專利中「申請專利範
圍」所揭露者
bull 擁有專利權不代表可以去「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之
要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法
bull 擁有專利權可以排除他人未經同意(授權)去「製造」「販
賣」「為販賣之要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方
法
2011-0923-13-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之保護標的
bull 物品(具體)ndash (看得到摸得到)ndash 小元件
ndash 設備
ndash 系統
ndash 生產線
ndash
bull 方法ndash 製作方法流程
ndash 控制方法流程
ndash 檢測方法流程
ndash 管理方法流程
ndash 會計方法流程
ndash 採購方法流程
ndash
2011-0923-14-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-1
bull (專利法第24條)bull 動植物新品種
ndash 牽涉道德問題
bull 生產動植物之主要生物學方法
ndash (微生物學之生產方法不在此限)bull 人體或動物疾病之診斷治療或外科手術方法
ndash 顧及大眾福祉
bull 妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
2011-0923-15-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-2bull 自然法則本身
ndash 能量不滅定律萬有引力定律伯努利定律PV=nRTndash 若將自然法則付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵 則可申請專利
bull 數學方法
ndash 若將數學方法付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 單純的電腦程式
ndash 若將電腦程式付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 必須藉助人類推理力記憶力等心智活動始能執行之規則方法或計
畫
ndash 魔術猜謎方法
ndash 但是商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目(應與資訊系統結合)bull 行政管理採購方法
2011-0923-16-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目
bull 若商業方法係利用電腦技術予以實現
者其技術手段之本質並非商業方法本
身而為藉助電腦硬體資源達到某種商
業目的或功能之具體實施方法得認定
其屬技術領域的技術手段而符合發明之
定義(如萊爾富公司申請之I254225專利-銷授點系統)
bull 依此將電腦軟體或自由軟體之程式所形
成之動作或是指令 ldquo應用化rdquo 即可符
合 ldquo物或是方法rdquo之發明態樣
bull 故提供發明標的至少包括ndash 系統功能方塊圖或
ndash 工作流程圖
2011-0923-17-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW-I2542251一種銷售點系統40其係包括有一個使用者終端裝置42其係包含有一
個互動式多功能終端裝置42A以及一個
網路連接裝置13一個前台主機44其係包含有一個收銀
裝置44A以及一個網路連接裝置13以及
至少一個列印裝置46A46B其中該使用者終端裝置42以及該前台
主機 44係分別藉由其網路連接裝置13而彼此相連並且可與至少一個內容服務
商52相連
2011-0923-18-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-3bull 遊戲或運動之規則
ndash 遊戲機具運動器材具有技術性而符合發明之定義
bull 運動器材是火網交織的專利戰區Golf Tennis bull 個人技能
ndash 指叉球投球法純粹依個人之天分及技巧熟練程度方能達成之技能亦
非一般人可由其技術揭露而重覆實施者非屬發明之類型
bull 單純之發現
ndash 發現主要指自然界中固有的物現象及法則等之科學發現
ndash 惟若首次由自然界分離所得之物其結構形態或其他物理化學性質與
已知者不同且能被明確界定者則該物本身及分離方法均符合發明之
定義
bull 發現基因或微生物經由特殊分離步驟獲得該基因或微生物時則
該基因或微生物本身均符合發明之定義
bull 單純之資訊(文字)揭示單純之美術創作
ndash 屬於「著作權 」或「商標」的範疇
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-9-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書之價值-2bull 充份揭露該行業人士可複製知識的環境
bull 中華民國專利法第26條ndash 發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有
通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 35 USC 112ndash Specification shall contain a written description of the
invention and of the manner and process of making and using it in such full clear concise and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which it pertains or with which it is most nearly connected to make and use the same and shall set forth the best mode contemplated by the inventor of carrying out his invention
2011-0923-10-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利的權利bull 中華民國專利法第56條
ndash 物品專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有排除他人未經其
同意而製造為販賣之要約販賣使用或為上述目的而進
口該物品之權方法專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有
排除他人未經其同意而使用該方法及使用為販賣之要約
販賣或為上述目的而進口該方法直接製成物品之權bull 35 USC 154
ndash Every patent shall contain a short title of the invention and a grant to the patentee his heirs or assigns of the right to exclude others from making using offering for sale or selling the invention throughout the United States or importing the invention into the United States and if the invention is a process of the right to exclude others from using offering for sale or selling throughout the United States or importing into the United States products made by that process referring to the specification for the particulars thereof
2011-0923-11-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權專利權
排他權排他權未經專利權人同意
製造
為販賣之要約販賣 使用
進口
不可不可
侵害專利權侵害專利權
2011-0923-12-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之權利本質專利權之權利本質
bull 專利權之本質為「排他權」
ndash 是專利權人專有「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之要約」
「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法之排他權
ndash 排他權意指排除他人對於特定專利「自由實施」之權
利亦即他人未經權利所有人之同意或授權不得製造
販賣為販賣之要約使用及進口該專利中「申請專利範
圍」所揭露者
bull 擁有專利權不代表可以去「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之
要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法
bull 擁有專利權可以排除他人未經同意(授權)去「製造」「販
賣」「為販賣之要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方
法
2011-0923-13-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之保護標的
bull 物品(具體)ndash (看得到摸得到)ndash 小元件
ndash 設備
ndash 系統
ndash 生產線
ndash
bull 方法ndash 製作方法流程
ndash 控制方法流程
ndash 檢測方法流程
ndash 管理方法流程
ndash 會計方法流程
ndash 採購方法流程
ndash
2011-0923-14-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-1
bull (專利法第24條)bull 動植物新品種
ndash 牽涉道德問題
bull 生產動植物之主要生物學方法
ndash (微生物學之生產方法不在此限)bull 人體或動物疾病之診斷治療或外科手術方法
ndash 顧及大眾福祉
bull 妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
2011-0923-15-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-2bull 自然法則本身
ndash 能量不滅定律萬有引力定律伯努利定律PV=nRTndash 若將自然法則付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵 則可申請專利
bull 數學方法
ndash 若將數學方法付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 單純的電腦程式
ndash 若將電腦程式付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 必須藉助人類推理力記憶力等心智活動始能執行之規則方法或計
畫
ndash 魔術猜謎方法
ndash 但是商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目(應與資訊系統結合)bull 行政管理採購方法
2011-0923-16-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目
bull 若商業方法係利用電腦技術予以實現
者其技術手段之本質並非商業方法本
身而為藉助電腦硬體資源達到某種商
業目的或功能之具體實施方法得認定
其屬技術領域的技術手段而符合發明之
定義(如萊爾富公司申請之I254225專利-銷授點系統)
bull 依此將電腦軟體或自由軟體之程式所形
成之動作或是指令 ldquo應用化rdquo 即可符
合 ldquo物或是方法rdquo之發明態樣
bull 故提供發明標的至少包括ndash 系統功能方塊圖或
ndash 工作流程圖
2011-0923-17-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW-I2542251一種銷售點系統40其係包括有一個使用者終端裝置42其係包含有一
個互動式多功能終端裝置42A以及一個
網路連接裝置13一個前台主機44其係包含有一個收銀
裝置44A以及一個網路連接裝置13以及
至少一個列印裝置46A46B其中該使用者終端裝置42以及該前台
主機 44係分別藉由其網路連接裝置13而彼此相連並且可與至少一個內容服務
商52相連
2011-0923-18-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-3bull 遊戲或運動之規則
ndash 遊戲機具運動器材具有技術性而符合發明之定義
bull 運動器材是火網交織的專利戰區Golf Tennis bull 個人技能
ndash 指叉球投球法純粹依個人之天分及技巧熟練程度方能達成之技能亦
非一般人可由其技術揭露而重覆實施者非屬發明之類型
bull 單純之發現
ndash 發現主要指自然界中固有的物現象及法則等之科學發現
ndash 惟若首次由自然界分離所得之物其結構形態或其他物理化學性質與
已知者不同且能被明確界定者則該物本身及分離方法均符合發明之
定義
bull 發現基因或微生物經由特殊分離步驟獲得該基因或微生物時則
該基因或微生物本身均符合發明之定義
bull 單純之資訊(文字)揭示單純之美術創作
ndash 屬於「著作權 」或「商標」的範疇
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
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E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-10-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利的權利bull 中華民國專利法第56條
ndash 物品專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有排除他人未經其
同意而製造為販賣之要約販賣使用或為上述目的而進
口該物品之權方法專利權人除本法另有規定者外專有
排除他人未經其同意而使用該方法及使用為販賣之要約
販賣或為上述目的而進口該方法直接製成物品之權bull 35 USC 154
ndash Every patent shall contain a short title of the invention and a grant to the patentee his heirs or assigns of the right to exclude others from making using offering for sale or selling the invention throughout the United States or importing the invention into the United States and if the invention is a process of the right to exclude others from using offering for sale or selling throughout the United States or importing into the United States products made by that process referring to the specification for the particulars thereof
2011-0923-11-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權專利權
排他權排他權未經專利權人同意
製造
為販賣之要約販賣 使用
進口
不可不可
侵害專利權侵害專利權
2011-0923-12-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之權利本質專利權之權利本質
bull 專利權之本質為「排他權」
ndash 是專利權人專有「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之要約」
「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法之排他權
ndash 排他權意指排除他人對於特定專利「自由實施」之權
利亦即他人未經權利所有人之同意或授權不得製造
販賣為販賣之要約使用及進口該專利中「申請專利範
圍」所揭露者
bull 擁有專利權不代表可以去「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之
要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法
bull 擁有專利權可以排除他人未經同意(授權)去「製造」「販
賣」「為販賣之要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方
法
2011-0923-13-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之保護標的
bull 物品(具體)ndash (看得到摸得到)ndash 小元件
ndash 設備
ndash 系統
ndash 生產線
ndash
bull 方法ndash 製作方法流程
ndash 控制方法流程
ndash 檢測方法流程
ndash 管理方法流程
ndash 會計方法流程
ndash 採購方法流程
ndash
2011-0923-14-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-1
bull (專利法第24條)bull 動植物新品種
ndash 牽涉道德問題
bull 生產動植物之主要生物學方法
ndash (微生物學之生產方法不在此限)bull 人體或動物疾病之診斷治療或外科手術方法
ndash 顧及大眾福祉
bull 妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
2011-0923-15-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-2bull 自然法則本身
ndash 能量不滅定律萬有引力定律伯努利定律PV=nRTndash 若將自然法則付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵 則可申請專利
bull 數學方法
ndash 若將數學方法付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 單純的電腦程式
ndash 若將電腦程式付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 必須藉助人類推理力記憶力等心智活動始能執行之規則方法或計
畫
ndash 魔術猜謎方法
ndash 但是商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目(應與資訊系統結合)bull 行政管理採購方法
2011-0923-16-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目
bull 若商業方法係利用電腦技術予以實現
者其技術手段之本質並非商業方法本
身而為藉助電腦硬體資源達到某種商
業目的或功能之具體實施方法得認定
其屬技術領域的技術手段而符合發明之
定義(如萊爾富公司申請之I254225專利-銷授點系統)
bull 依此將電腦軟體或自由軟體之程式所形
成之動作或是指令 ldquo應用化rdquo 即可符
合 ldquo物或是方法rdquo之發明態樣
bull 故提供發明標的至少包括ndash 系統功能方塊圖或
ndash 工作流程圖
2011-0923-17-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW-I2542251一種銷售點系統40其係包括有一個使用者終端裝置42其係包含有一
個互動式多功能終端裝置42A以及一個
網路連接裝置13一個前台主機44其係包含有一個收銀
裝置44A以及一個網路連接裝置13以及
至少一個列印裝置46A46B其中該使用者終端裝置42以及該前台
主機 44係分別藉由其網路連接裝置13而彼此相連並且可與至少一個內容服務
商52相連
2011-0923-18-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-3bull 遊戲或運動之規則
ndash 遊戲機具運動器材具有技術性而符合發明之定義
bull 運動器材是火網交織的專利戰區Golf Tennis bull 個人技能
ndash 指叉球投球法純粹依個人之天分及技巧熟練程度方能達成之技能亦
非一般人可由其技術揭露而重覆實施者非屬發明之類型
bull 單純之發現
ndash 發現主要指自然界中固有的物現象及法則等之科學發現
ndash 惟若首次由自然界分離所得之物其結構形態或其他物理化學性質與
已知者不同且能被明確界定者則該物本身及分離方法均符合發明之
定義
bull 發現基因或微生物經由特殊分離步驟獲得該基因或微生物時則
該基因或微生物本身均符合發明之定義
bull 單純之資訊(文字)揭示單純之美術創作
ndash 屬於「著作權 」或「商標」的範疇
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-11-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權專利權
排他權排他權未經專利權人同意
製造
為販賣之要約販賣 使用
進口
不可不可
侵害專利權侵害專利權
2011-0923-12-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之權利本質專利權之權利本質
bull 專利權之本質為「排他權」
ndash 是專利權人專有「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之要約」
「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法之排他權
ndash 排他權意指排除他人對於特定專利「自由實施」之權
利亦即他人未經權利所有人之同意或授權不得製造
販賣為販賣之要約使用及進口該專利中「申請專利範
圍」所揭露者
bull 擁有專利權不代表可以去「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之
要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法
bull 擁有專利權可以排除他人未經同意(授權)去「製造」「販
賣」「為販賣之要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方
法
2011-0923-13-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之保護標的
bull 物品(具體)ndash (看得到摸得到)ndash 小元件
ndash 設備
ndash 系統
ndash 生產線
ndash
bull 方法ndash 製作方法流程
ndash 控制方法流程
ndash 檢測方法流程
ndash 管理方法流程
ndash 會計方法流程
ndash 採購方法流程
ndash
2011-0923-14-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-1
bull (專利法第24條)bull 動植物新品種
ndash 牽涉道德問題
bull 生產動植物之主要生物學方法
ndash (微生物學之生產方法不在此限)bull 人體或動物疾病之診斷治療或外科手術方法
ndash 顧及大眾福祉
bull 妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
2011-0923-15-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-2bull 自然法則本身
ndash 能量不滅定律萬有引力定律伯努利定律PV=nRTndash 若將自然法則付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵 則可申請專利
bull 數學方法
ndash 若將數學方法付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 單純的電腦程式
ndash 若將電腦程式付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 必須藉助人類推理力記憶力等心智活動始能執行之規則方法或計
畫
ndash 魔術猜謎方法
ndash 但是商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目(應與資訊系統結合)bull 行政管理採購方法
2011-0923-16-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目
bull 若商業方法係利用電腦技術予以實現
者其技術手段之本質並非商業方法本
身而為藉助電腦硬體資源達到某種商
業目的或功能之具體實施方法得認定
其屬技術領域的技術手段而符合發明之
定義(如萊爾富公司申請之I254225專利-銷授點系統)
bull 依此將電腦軟體或自由軟體之程式所形
成之動作或是指令 ldquo應用化rdquo 即可符
合 ldquo物或是方法rdquo之發明態樣
bull 故提供發明標的至少包括ndash 系統功能方塊圖或
ndash 工作流程圖
2011-0923-17-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW-I2542251一種銷售點系統40其係包括有一個使用者終端裝置42其係包含有一
個互動式多功能終端裝置42A以及一個
網路連接裝置13一個前台主機44其係包含有一個收銀
裝置44A以及一個網路連接裝置13以及
至少一個列印裝置46A46B其中該使用者終端裝置42以及該前台
主機 44係分別藉由其網路連接裝置13而彼此相連並且可與至少一個內容服務
商52相連
2011-0923-18-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-3bull 遊戲或運動之規則
ndash 遊戲機具運動器材具有技術性而符合發明之定義
bull 運動器材是火網交織的專利戰區Golf Tennis bull 個人技能
ndash 指叉球投球法純粹依個人之天分及技巧熟練程度方能達成之技能亦
非一般人可由其技術揭露而重覆實施者非屬發明之類型
bull 單純之發現
ndash 發現主要指自然界中固有的物現象及法則等之科學發現
ndash 惟若首次由自然界分離所得之物其結構形態或其他物理化學性質與
已知者不同且能被明確界定者則該物本身及分離方法均符合發明之
定義
bull 發現基因或微生物經由特殊分離步驟獲得該基因或微生物時則
該基因或微生物本身均符合發明之定義
bull 單純之資訊(文字)揭示單純之美術創作
ndash 屬於「著作權 」或「商標」的範疇
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
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E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-12-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之權利本質專利權之權利本質
bull 專利權之本質為「排他權」
ndash 是專利權人專有「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之要約」
「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法之排他權
ndash 排他權意指排除他人對於特定專利「自由實施」之權
利亦即他人未經權利所有人之同意或授權不得製造
販賣為販賣之要約使用及進口該專利中「申請專利範
圍」所揭露者
bull 擁有專利權不代表可以去「製造」「販賣」「為販賣之
要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方法
bull 擁有專利權可以排除他人未經同意(授權)去「製造」「販
賣」「為販賣之要約」「使用」及「進口」專利物品或方
法
2011-0923-13-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之保護標的
bull 物品(具體)ndash (看得到摸得到)ndash 小元件
ndash 設備
ndash 系統
ndash 生產線
ndash
bull 方法ndash 製作方法流程
ndash 控制方法流程
ndash 檢測方法流程
ndash 管理方法流程
ndash 會計方法流程
ndash 採購方法流程
ndash
2011-0923-14-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-1
bull (專利法第24條)bull 動植物新品種
ndash 牽涉道德問題
bull 生產動植物之主要生物學方法
ndash (微生物學之生產方法不在此限)bull 人體或動物疾病之診斷治療或外科手術方法
ndash 顧及大眾福祉
bull 妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
2011-0923-15-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-2bull 自然法則本身
ndash 能量不滅定律萬有引力定律伯努利定律PV=nRTndash 若將自然法則付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵 則可申請專利
bull 數學方法
ndash 若將數學方法付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 單純的電腦程式
ndash 若將電腦程式付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 必須藉助人類推理力記憶力等心智活動始能執行之規則方法或計
畫
ndash 魔術猜謎方法
ndash 但是商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目(應與資訊系統結合)bull 行政管理採購方法
2011-0923-16-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目
bull 若商業方法係利用電腦技術予以實現
者其技術手段之本質並非商業方法本
身而為藉助電腦硬體資源達到某種商
業目的或功能之具體實施方法得認定
其屬技術領域的技術手段而符合發明之
定義(如萊爾富公司申請之I254225專利-銷授點系統)
bull 依此將電腦軟體或自由軟體之程式所形
成之動作或是指令 ldquo應用化rdquo 即可符
合 ldquo物或是方法rdquo之發明態樣
bull 故提供發明標的至少包括ndash 系統功能方塊圖或
ndash 工作流程圖
2011-0923-17-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW-I2542251一種銷售點系統40其係包括有一個使用者終端裝置42其係包含有一
個互動式多功能終端裝置42A以及一個
網路連接裝置13一個前台主機44其係包含有一個收銀
裝置44A以及一個網路連接裝置13以及
至少一個列印裝置46A46B其中該使用者終端裝置42以及該前台
主機 44係分別藉由其網路連接裝置13而彼此相連並且可與至少一個內容服務
商52相連
2011-0923-18-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-3bull 遊戲或運動之規則
ndash 遊戲機具運動器材具有技術性而符合發明之定義
bull 運動器材是火網交織的專利戰區Golf Tennis bull 個人技能
ndash 指叉球投球法純粹依個人之天分及技巧熟練程度方能達成之技能亦
非一般人可由其技術揭露而重覆實施者非屬發明之類型
bull 單純之發現
ndash 發現主要指自然界中固有的物現象及法則等之科學發現
ndash 惟若首次由自然界分離所得之物其結構形態或其他物理化學性質與
已知者不同且能被明確界定者則該物本身及分離方法均符合發明之
定義
bull 發現基因或微生物經由特殊分離步驟獲得該基因或微生物時則
該基因或微生物本身均符合發明之定義
bull 單純之資訊(文字)揭示單純之美術創作
ndash 屬於「著作權 」或「商標」的範疇
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-13-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利權之保護標的
bull 物品(具體)ndash (看得到摸得到)ndash 小元件
ndash 設備
ndash 系統
ndash 生產線
ndash
bull 方法ndash 製作方法流程
ndash 控制方法流程
ndash 檢測方法流程
ndash 管理方法流程
ndash 會計方法流程
ndash 採購方法流程
ndash
2011-0923-14-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-1
bull (專利法第24條)bull 動植物新品種
ndash 牽涉道德問題
bull 生產動植物之主要生物學方法
ndash (微生物學之生產方法不在此限)bull 人體或動物疾病之診斷治療或外科手術方法
ndash 顧及大眾福祉
bull 妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
2011-0923-15-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-2bull 自然法則本身
ndash 能量不滅定律萬有引力定律伯努利定律PV=nRTndash 若將自然法則付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵 則可申請專利
bull 數學方法
ndash 若將數學方法付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 單純的電腦程式
ndash 若將電腦程式付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 必須藉助人類推理力記憶力等心智活動始能執行之規則方法或計
畫
ndash 魔術猜謎方法
ndash 但是商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目(應與資訊系統結合)bull 行政管理採購方法
2011-0923-16-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目
bull 若商業方法係利用電腦技術予以實現
者其技術手段之本質並非商業方法本
身而為藉助電腦硬體資源達到某種商
業目的或功能之具體實施方法得認定
其屬技術領域的技術手段而符合發明之
定義(如萊爾富公司申請之I254225專利-銷授點系統)
bull 依此將電腦軟體或自由軟體之程式所形
成之動作或是指令 ldquo應用化rdquo 即可符
合 ldquo物或是方法rdquo之發明態樣
bull 故提供發明標的至少包括ndash 系統功能方塊圖或
ndash 工作流程圖
2011-0923-17-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW-I2542251一種銷售點系統40其係包括有一個使用者終端裝置42其係包含有一
個互動式多功能終端裝置42A以及一個
網路連接裝置13一個前台主機44其係包含有一個收銀
裝置44A以及一個網路連接裝置13以及
至少一個列印裝置46A46B其中該使用者終端裝置42以及該前台
主機 44係分別藉由其網路連接裝置13而彼此相連並且可與至少一個內容服務
商52相連
2011-0923-18-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-3bull 遊戲或運動之規則
ndash 遊戲機具運動器材具有技術性而符合發明之定義
bull 運動器材是火網交織的專利戰區Golf Tennis bull 個人技能
ndash 指叉球投球法純粹依個人之天分及技巧熟練程度方能達成之技能亦
非一般人可由其技術揭露而重覆實施者非屬發明之類型
bull 單純之發現
ndash 發現主要指自然界中固有的物現象及法則等之科學發現
ndash 惟若首次由自然界分離所得之物其結構形態或其他物理化學性質與
已知者不同且能被明確界定者則該物本身及分離方法均符合發明之
定義
bull 發現基因或微生物經由特殊分離步驟獲得該基因或微生物時則
該基因或微生物本身均符合發明之定義
bull 單純之資訊(文字)揭示單純之美術創作
ndash 屬於「著作權 」或「商標」的範疇
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-14-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-1
bull (專利法第24條)bull 動植物新品種
ndash 牽涉道德問題
bull 生產動植物之主要生物學方法
ndash (微生物學之生產方法不在此限)bull 人體或動物疾病之診斷治療或外科手術方法
ndash 顧及大眾福祉
bull 妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
2011-0923-15-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-2bull 自然法則本身
ndash 能量不滅定律萬有引力定律伯努利定律PV=nRTndash 若將自然法則付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵 則可申請專利
bull 數學方法
ndash 若將數學方法付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 單純的電腦程式
ndash 若將電腦程式付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 必須藉助人類推理力記憶力等心智活動始能執行之規則方法或計
畫
ndash 魔術猜謎方法
ndash 但是商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目(應與資訊系統結合)bull 行政管理採購方法
2011-0923-16-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目
bull 若商業方法係利用電腦技術予以實現
者其技術手段之本質並非商業方法本
身而為藉助電腦硬體資源達到某種商
業目的或功能之具體實施方法得認定
其屬技術領域的技術手段而符合發明之
定義(如萊爾富公司申請之I254225專利-銷授點系統)
bull 依此將電腦軟體或自由軟體之程式所形
成之動作或是指令 ldquo應用化rdquo 即可符
合 ldquo物或是方法rdquo之發明態樣
bull 故提供發明標的至少包括ndash 系統功能方塊圖或
ndash 工作流程圖
2011-0923-17-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW-I2542251一種銷售點系統40其係包括有一個使用者終端裝置42其係包含有一
個互動式多功能終端裝置42A以及一個
網路連接裝置13一個前台主機44其係包含有一個收銀
裝置44A以及一個網路連接裝置13以及
至少一個列印裝置46A46B其中該使用者終端裝置42以及該前台
主機 44係分別藉由其網路連接裝置13而彼此相連並且可與至少一個內容服務
商52相連
2011-0923-18-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-3bull 遊戲或運動之規則
ndash 遊戲機具運動器材具有技術性而符合發明之定義
bull 運動器材是火網交織的專利戰區Golf Tennis bull 個人技能
ndash 指叉球投球法純粹依個人之天分及技巧熟練程度方能達成之技能亦
非一般人可由其技術揭露而重覆實施者非屬發明之類型
bull 單純之發現
ndash 發現主要指自然界中固有的物現象及法則等之科學發現
ndash 惟若首次由自然界分離所得之物其結構形態或其他物理化學性質與
已知者不同且能被明確界定者則該物本身及分離方法均符合發明之
定義
bull 發現基因或微生物經由特殊分離步驟獲得該基因或微生物時則
該基因或微生物本身均符合發明之定義
bull 單純之資訊(文字)揭示單純之美術創作
ndash 屬於「著作權 」或「商標」的範疇
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-15-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-2bull 自然法則本身
ndash 能量不滅定律萬有引力定律伯努利定律PV=nRTndash 若將自然法則付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵 則可申請專利
bull 數學方法
ndash 若將數學方法付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 單純的電腦程式
ndash 若將電腦程式付諸實際利用以解決產業問題並記載其付諸實際利
用時之技術特徵則可申請專利
bull 必須藉助人類推理力記憶力等心智活動始能執行之規則方法或計
畫
ndash 魔術猜謎方法
ndash 但是商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目(應與資訊系統結合)bull 行政管理採購方法
2011-0923-16-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目
bull 若商業方法係利用電腦技術予以實現
者其技術手段之本質並非商業方法本
身而為藉助電腦硬體資源達到某種商
業目的或功能之具體實施方法得認定
其屬技術領域的技術手段而符合發明之
定義(如萊爾富公司申請之I254225專利-銷授點系統)
bull 依此將電腦軟體或自由軟體之程式所形
成之動作或是指令 ldquo應用化rdquo 即可符
合 ldquo物或是方法rdquo之發明態樣
bull 故提供發明標的至少包括ndash 系統功能方塊圖或
ndash 工作流程圖
2011-0923-17-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW-I2542251一種銷售點系統40其係包括有一個使用者終端裝置42其係包含有一
個互動式多功能終端裝置42A以及一個
網路連接裝置13一個前台主機44其係包含有一個收銀
裝置44A以及一個網路連接裝置13以及
至少一個列印裝置46A46B其中該使用者終端裝置42以及該前台
主機 44係分別藉由其網路連接裝置13而彼此相連並且可與至少一個內容服務
商52相連
2011-0923-18-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-3bull 遊戲或運動之規則
ndash 遊戲機具運動器材具有技術性而符合發明之定義
bull 運動器材是火網交織的專利戰區Golf Tennis bull 個人技能
ndash 指叉球投球法純粹依個人之天分及技巧熟練程度方能達成之技能亦
非一般人可由其技術揭露而重覆實施者非屬發明之類型
bull 單純之發現
ndash 發現主要指自然界中固有的物現象及法則等之科學發現
ndash 惟若首次由自然界分離所得之物其結構形態或其他物理化學性質與
已知者不同且能被明確界定者則該物本身及分離方法均符合發明之
定義
bull 發現基因或微生物經由特殊分離步驟獲得該基因或微生物時則
該基因或微生物本身均符合發明之定義
bull 單純之資訊(文字)揭示單純之美術創作
ndash 屬於「著作權 」或「商標」的範疇
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-16-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
商業方法屬於可以申請專利的項目
bull 若商業方法係利用電腦技術予以實現
者其技術手段之本質並非商業方法本
身而為藉助電腦硬體資源達到某種商
業目的或功能之具體實施方法得認定
其屬技術領域的技術手段而符合發明之
定義(如萊爾富公司申請之I254225專利-銷授點系統)
bull 依此將電腦軟體或自由軟體之程式所形
成之動作或是指令 ldquo應用化rdquo 即可符
合 ldquo物或是方法rdquo之發明態樣
bull 故提供發明標的至少包括ndash 系統功能方塊圖或
ndash 工作流程圖
2011-0923-17-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW-I2542251一種銷售點系統40其係包括有一個使用者終端裝置42其係包含有一
個互動式多功能終端裝置42A以及一個
網路連接裝置13一個前台主機44其係包含有一個收銀
裝置44A以及一個網路連接裝置13以及
至少一個列印裝置46A46B其中該使用者終端裝置42以及該前台
主機 44係分別藉由其網路連接裝置13而彼此相連並且可與至少一個內容服務
商52相連
2011-0923-18-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-3bull 遊戲或運動之規則
ndash 遊戲機具運動器材具有技術性而符合發明之定義
bull 運動器材是火網交織的專利戰區Golf Tennis bull 個人技能
ndash 指叉球投球法純粹依個人之天分及技巧熟練程度方能達成之技能亦
非一般人可由其技術揭露而重覆實施者非屬發明之類型
bull 單純之發現
ndash 發現主要指自然界中固有的物現象及法則等之科學發現
ndash 惟若首次由自然界分離所得之物其結構形態或其他物理化學性質與
已知者不同且能被明確界定者則該物本身及分離方法均符合發明之
定義
bull 發現基因或微生物經由特殊分離步驟獲得該基因或微生物時則
該基因或微生物本身均符合發明之定義
bull 單純之資訊(文字)揭示單純之美術創作
ndash 屬於「著作權 」或「商標」的範疇
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
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E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-17-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW-I2542251一種銷售點系統40其係包括有一個使用者終端裝置42其係包含有一
個互動式多功能終端裝置42A以及一個
網路連接裝置13一個前台主機44其係包含有一個收銀
裝置44A以及一個網路連接裝置13以及
至少一個列印裝置46A46B其中該使用者終端裝置42以及該前台
主機 44係分別藉由其網路連接裝置13而彼此相連並且可與至少一個內容服務
商52相連
2011-0923-18-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-3bull 遊戲或運動之規則
ndash 遊戲機具運動器材具有技術性而符合發明之定義
bull 運動器材是火網交織的專利戰區Golf Tennis bull 個人技能
ndash 指叉球投球法純粹依個人之天分及技巧熟練程度方能達成之技能亦
非一般人可由其技術揭露而重覆實施者非屬發明之類型
bull 單純之發現
ndash 發現主要指自然界中固有的物現象及法則等之科學發現
ndash 惟若首次由自然界分離所得之物其結構形態或其他物理化學性質與
已知者不同且能被明確界定者則該物本身及分離方法均符合發明之
定義
bull 發現基因或微生物經由特殊分離步驟獲得該基因或微生物時則
該基因或微生物本身均符合發明之定義
bull 單純之資訊(文字)揭示單純之美術創作
ndash 屬於「著作權 」或「商標」的範疇
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
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主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
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專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-18-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法定不予專利的項目-3bull 遊戲或運動之規則
ndash 遊戲機具運動器材具有技術性而符合發明之定義
bull 運動器材是火網交織的專利戰區Golf Tennis bull 個人技能
ndash 指叉球投球法純粹依個人之天分及技巧熟練程度方能達成之技能亦
非一般人可由其技術揭露而重覆實施者非屬發明之類型
bull 單純之發現
ndash 發現主要指自然界中固有的物現象及法則等之科學發現
ndash 惟若首次由自然界分離所得之物其結構形態或其他物理化學性質與
已知者不同且能被明確界定者則該物本身及分離方法均符合發明之
定義
bull 發現基因或微生物經由特殊分離步驟獲得該基因或微生物時則
該基因或微生物本身均符合發明之定義
bull 單純之資訊(文字)揭示單純之美術創作
ndash 屬於「著作權 」或「商標」的範疇
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923
-19-All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利性審查要領-專利三要件-
實體審查v形式審查
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-20-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查之專利要件bull 產業應用性
ndash 具有再現性bull (專利法第26條)發明說明應明確且充分揭露使該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者能瞭解其內容並可據以實施
bull 新穎性ndash 申請專利之發明於申請前已見於刊物已公開使用或已為公眾所知悉者不得取得發明專利(專22I)
ndash 申請專利之發明與申請在先而在其申請後始公開或公告之發明或新型專利申請案所附說明書或圖式載明之內容相同者亦不得取得發明專利(專23)
bull 進步性ndash 申請專利之發明為該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前技術所能輕易完成者不得取得發明專利(專22IV)
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-21-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-新穎性
bull 申請專利範圍中所載之發明未完全被先前技術所揭露時
稱該發明具新穎性
bull 新穎性之審查原則
ndash 逐項審查
ndash 單獨比對
先前技術
申請之發明Claim
ABCD
申請之發明Claim
ABC
申請日
新穎性核駁
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
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E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923
-22-All rights reserved by GAINIA
智財法院對claim之見解
-新穎性-
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-23-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-24-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 11一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後 用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像
裝置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接
收該電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-25-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
引證案
包覆套80
照明模組72設於頭 部70
撓性連結件90
顯 示器20
供電模組101
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-26-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法院對claim之見解A 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一外殼」可見於引證案之包
覆套80B 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光源模組其係設置於該外
殼後該光源模組係用以產生光線照明前方」可見於引證案之
「一照明模組72設於頭部70上且位於包覆罩80內用以產生
光線照明前方 」
C 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一光學及取像裝置其係設置
於該光源模組後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號」可見於引
證案專利說明書第8 頁之「影像攝取及轉換單元其中影像攝取
單元用以攝取腔道之影像轉換單元用已將該影像攝取單元所攝
得之影像轉換為數位影像資料」
D系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一撓性軟管其係連接該探測
裝置」可見於引證案專利說明書第 11頁及第2(A)2(B)圖「撓性連結件 90 連接頭部70 」
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-27-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
E 系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一顯像裝置其係連接該撓
性軟管且該光學及取像裝置係與該顯像裝置相連接該顯像
裝置用以接收該電訊號經過處理顯示該顯像裝置」可見於
引證案之「一顯 示器20係透過撓性連結件90頭部70上的影
像攝取單元73連接用以將攝得影像工使用者收視」
F系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之「一電源裝置係連接上述各裝
置並提供電力」可見於引證案之圖式第5 圖(見附圖2 )中
供電模組101供應前述各元件所需電源
G綜上系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項所界定之各項 技術特徵均
為引證案所揭示故系爭專利申請專利 範圍第1 項不具新穎
性
法院對claim之見解
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-28-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
法 院 判 決
bull 綜上所述系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項之結構與技術已為
引證案所揭示而不具有新穎性
bull 故被告以系爭專利申請專利範圍第1 項有違專利法第22條第
1 項第1 款規定主張系爭專利有應撤銷之原因等語於法
有據
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-29-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 一bull 附屬項包括
ndash 18如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線
ndash 19如申請專利範圍第18項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其
中該顯像裝置後設置一軟管伸縮裝置該軟管伸縮裝置連
接該粗金屬線及該握把該握把可控制該軟管伸縮裝置推動
該粗金屬線以控制該撓性軟管彎曲角度
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管內設置有一粗金屬線rdquo並未被引證
案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
bull 若也沒有其他證據證明已揭露出在內視鏡裝置的 ldquo撓性軟管內
設置有一粗金屬線rdquo時則系爭案也具有進步性
bull 故當CLAIM 1 修訂為
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-30-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
修訂 Claim 1(限縮範圍)1一種影像式插管輔助裝置包括
一探測裝置302其材質係可與人體相容該探測裝置包括一外殼3022一光源模組3026其係設置於該外殼3022後該光源模
組3026係用以產生光線照明前方以及
一光學及取像裝置3028其係設置於該光源模組3026後用以將該光訊號轉換成一電訊號
一撓性軟管304其係連接該探測裝置302該撓性軟管內設置
有一粗金屬線
一顯像裝置306其係連接該撓性軟管304且該光學及取像裝
置3028係與該顯像裝置306相連接該顯像裝置306用以接收該
電訊號經過處理顯示於該顯像裝置上以及
一電源裝置係連接上述各裝置並提供電力
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-31-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
討 論 二
撓性軟管304上開設有孔洞孔洞內設置有一取樣管305用以取樣切片或打氣
bull 附屬項包括bull 20如申請專利範圍第1項所述之影像式插管輔助裝置其中
該撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞該孔洞內設置有一取樣管305係用以取樣切片及打氣之所組成群組之其中之一者
bull 就專利性而言在 ldquo撓性軟管305上開設一孔洞rdquo並未被引證案所揭示故可以克服新穎性
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-32-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
bull 雖然申請專利之發明與先前技術有差異但該發明之整體
係該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依申請前之先前
技術所能輕易完成時稱該發明不具進步性
bull 輕易完成與顯而易知
ndash 輕易完成該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者依據
一份或多份引證文件中揭露之先前技術並參酌申請時
的通常知識而能將該先前技術以「轉用」「置
換」「改變」或「組合」等方式完成申請專利之發明
者
ndash 顯而易知指該發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者以
先前技術為基礎經「邏輯分析」「推理」或「試
驗」即能預期申請專利之發明者
ndash 顯而易知與能輕易完成為同一概念
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-33-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
實體審查專利要件-進步性
申請之發明ABC
進步性核駁
相同技術領域
申請日
引證案一揭露A
引證案三揭露C
引證案二揭露B
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-34-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
進步性審查
不同技術領域之引證案一揭露A
請求項之內容ABC
不同技術領域之引證案三揭露C
不同技術領域之引證案二揭露B
無法以進步性核駁
申請日
引證案一引證案二引證案三分屬於非類似的技術領域
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
新型專利之審查
2011-0923-35-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-36-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查(不同於實體審查)bull 目的加速授予專利權利之時效加快申請案處理時間儘早發給專利證
書
bull 設置新型專利制度之國家例如日本韓國德國及大陸等對於新型專
利案件大多捨棄實體要件之審查而採形式要件審查
bull 「形式審查」係指對於新型專利申請案之審查根據新型專利說明書判斷是
否滿足形式審查要件限縮於新型專利之形式要件而不進行須耗費大量時
間之「前案檢索」以及「實體審查」
bull 「形式審查」與發明申請案必須「實體審查」發明說明摘要圖式申請
專利範圍等內容及申請專利範圍是否符合新穎性進步性等專利要件並不
相同
bull 「形式審查」 不同於「程序審查」 「程序審查」是審查申請專利之文件
是否齊備以及呈現之書表格式是否符合法定程式
bull 新型申請案形式審查之前須先進行程序審查此與發明及新式樣申請案在
進行實體審查之前須進行程序審查相同
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-37-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
新型專利之形式審查要件
bull 是否屬物品之形狀構造或裝置
bull 是否有妨害公共秩序善良風俗或衛生者
bull 說明書是否載明新型名稱摘要新型說明及申請專利範
圍
bull 新型說明申請專利範圍及圖式之揭露方式是否違反細則
規定
bull 是否違反單一性
bull 說明書及圖式是否揭露必要事項或其揭露明顯不清楚者
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923
-38-All rights reserved by GAINIA
TW
發明新型專利說明書結構
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-39-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
何謂專利說明書
bull 專利說明書 (Patent specification) 是專利申請人以書面方式
公開其發明技藝以交換一個國家或政體給予專利權人一定
限度的保護
ndash 35USC section112對於「專利說明書」的規定
bull 專利說明書應該包含一個適當的書面說明藉以描述
所請求發明技藝的製造工序以及方法撰寫的詳細程
度必須是完整的清楚的簡潔的足以使熟悉此
技術領域的人士得以明瞭
bull 專利說明書中應提出發明人認為是此項發明最佳的
範例 (一般稱為較佳實施例)以藉由文字的形式 (必要
時才佐以圖式) 揭露欲請求發明技藝之製造工序和使用
方法
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-40-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利說明書的用途
bull 迴避設計(design around)與侵權分析之依據
ndash 專利權之主張取決於專利說明書中所界定的權利請求項
(claim)[又稱為申請專利範圍]ndash Literal infringement侵權行為成立與否之鑑定是以
claim所描述的文字內容作為主要的比對基礎
bull 提出異議舉發
ndash 專利說明書含有詳細的技術內容及提出時間 故能作為
撤銷目標專利的前案證據
bull 製作專利地圖
ndash 作為專利檢索及專利分析的樣本來源
能提供產業上製作或利用 且能產生積極有益效果
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-41-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-42-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-43-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-44-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-45-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-46-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-47-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
Prior arts- 說明 Prior art有哪些地方可以改得更好
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-48-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-49-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
專利功效一定要寫的啦
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-50-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式說明書最多的部分寫幾個實施例
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-51-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-52-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明專利說明書格式
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-53-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
發明說明書格式(2009版)bull 一發明名稱(中文英文)
bull 二中文發明摘要
bull 三英文發明摘要
bull 四指定代表圖
ndash (一)本案指定代表圖為第( )圖
ndash (二)本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明
bull 五本案若有化學式時請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
bull 六發明說明
ndash 【發明所屬之技術領域】
ndash 【先前技術】
ndash 【發明內容】
ndash 【實施方式】
ndash 【圖式簡單說明】
ndash 【主要元件符號說明】
bull 七申請專利範圍
bull 八圖式
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923
-54-All rights reserved by GAINIA
US
專利說明書結構
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-55-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
公告號
公告日
先前技術之外國專利
先前技術之文獻
第一發明人
專利名稱
發明人
專利權人
專利權期限注意事項
申請號申請日
專利家族資訊
國際專利分類美國專利分類
審查官之前案檢索分類
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-56-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
美國專利制度bull 專利申請後進行實體審查審查通過之後公告
bull 發明
ndash 199568前專利權期間為17年自公告日起算
ndash 199568起專利權期間為20年自申請日起算
ndash 199568後已依舊法發給證書專利權仍存在者得由
專利權人自由選擇依新法或舊法計算其專利權期間
ndash 專利公告號NNNNNNNbull 早期公開制
ndash 20001029實施早期公開申請日優先權日起18個月
後公開同步進行實體審查
bull 早期公開號YYYYNNNNNNNA1ndash 早期公開前已審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB1ndash 早期公開後才審查公告之專利號NNNNNNNB2
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-57-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
CA amp CIP
母案
申請日優先權日
母案公告
CA
CA
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
CIP
CIP
CA
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-58-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation Application (CA)bull continuation application 繼續申請(CA)
ndash 基於「周邊限定主義」的精神
bull 申請專利範圍係申請人所欲主張專利保護之創作範圍擴張解釋則不
予承認凡是不包含於申請專利範圍內而記載於說明書上之技術內
容乃為專利權效力所不及
ndash 同一專利申請人以先前已向專利局提交的前一項未公告之母案(pending application)為根據再向專利局提出另一項申請(說明書內容完全相同)這項申請就叫做CA
ndash CA通常是為了修改母案claim提出母案未主張的claim或提供有關發明
專利性的證據
ndash CA擁有母案的優先權日(有利於審查)專利權期限亦與母案相同
ndash 如果CA案包含完整的母案claims可以放棄母案但是亦擁有母案的優先
權日
ndash CA可以在母案申請審查過程中提出也可以在母案被最終駁回或在向申
訴委員會或法院上訴失敗後提出專利局對CA會進行像母案一樣的實體
審查
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-59-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Continuation-In-Part applicationbull continuation-in-part application 部份繼續申請(CIP)
ndash 和CA相類似但是CIP中會增加母案中未曾公開過的新要
件(new matter)ndash 提出CIP的主要原因通常是由於對母案做了改良所以
申請人提交CIP來對母案加以增補修改
ndash 如果CIP案包含完整的母案說明書內容與claims可以放
棄母案但其中以母案為依據的claims能擁有母案的優
先權日
ndash CIP增加的其他主題只能獲得CIP的實際申請日期
ndash CIP專利獲准後其專利權期間與母案相同
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-60-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
主審查官助理審查官
摘要
專利代理人
引證先前技術
先前技術之美國專利
特徵圖示
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-61-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利名稱
發明背景(相關專利家族資料)(技術領域)(先前技術)
發明概述
專利目的達成功效
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-62-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖示說明
(最佳實施例)詳細說明
說明書中份量最多的部分
申請專利範圍
I claimWe claimWhat is claimed is
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923
-63-All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim
專利的權利所在
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-64-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim 之特性
bull 兼具「法律」與「技術」雙重特性
bull 專利說明書中最關鍵的部份
bull 係一專利所涵蓋權利範圍界定依據
bull 發明的最大權利
ndash (TW專利法第56條)發明專利權範圍以說明書所載之申
請專利範圍為準於解釋申請專利範圍時並得審酌發明
說明及圖式
bull 必須為說明書與圖示所支持
ndash (TW專利法第26條)申請專利範圍應明確記載申請專利之
發明各請求項應以簡潔之方式記載且必須為發明說明
及圖式所支持
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-65-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項bull 專利申請範圍包括『獨立項』與『附屬項』無論是獨立項或附屬項每一項均
為一單一完整句子句號只能於最後面出現而於該項中間可以使用逗號冒
號或分號等做必要的分隔
bull 獨立項(Independent claim)係單獨存在的文字敘述並不依附於任何權利請求
項獨立項須載明申請專利之標的構成及實施之必要技術內容與特點
bull 獨立項應敘明申請專利之標的及其實施之必要技術特徵(專利法施行細則第18條)
bull 申請專利範圍第 1 項一定是一獨立項且當每一獨立項之構成要件或條件愈多
時其所受之限制就愈多故相應之權利範圍就愈小
bull 一件專利可以有多個獨立項
ndash (專利法第32條)二個以上發明屬於一個廣義發明概念者得於一申請案
中提出申請
ndash (施行細則第18條)發明或新型之申請專利範圍得以一項以上之獨立項表
示
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-66-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(TW360550)bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分的球桿頭擊
球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部分則採用該
低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬
材料同時該低比重金屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相
接合成一體化形成球桿頭
bull 2一種高爾夫球桿頭係在具有擊球面與擊球面背面的球桿頭擊球面部分
係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊球面背面部則採行其中一部份使
用由與該擊球面部相同的低比重金屬及比重在7以上的高比重金屬施行預
先冶金的熔接而成的護面金屬材料在該背面靠外面部位處則配置該高比
重金屬同時該擊球面之低比重金屬與背面複合材料之低比重金屬則依
接合而形成一體化之球桿頭者
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-67-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres
each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
乾置法成網
多烯烴
移植
雙羧基
無水物
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-68-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 12 A method for producing a drylaid nonwoven material
comprising forming a fibrous web using dry lay nonwoven equipment the web comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprisingndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said biocomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
bull a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-69-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 每一附屬項必須依附於先前之某一獨立項可依附於先前之另一附屬項
bull 典型的結構為
ndash 如申請專利範圍第x項所述之XXX其中ndash The XXX according to claim 1 wherein hellipndash The XXX of claim 1 wherein hellip
bull 附屬項用於進一步增加更詳盡的限制條件至其所依附之請求項
ndash 依附的請求項可以為獨立項或附屬項
bull 附屬項應敘明所依附之項號及申請標的並敘明所依附請求項外之技術特
徵於解釋附屬項時應包含所依附請求項之所有技術特徵
ndash 附屬項權利限制條件為含有其所依附之請求項(獨立項或附屬項)的全部
內容在內故權利範疇較所依附之項目小
bull Claim的限制條件愈多權利範圍愈窄
bull 附屬項所依附的項數可以多於一項此種附屬項稱為多項附屬項多項附屬
項中對所依附之各項須以「或」 來連接
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-70-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項
bull 附屬項(US lsquo140)ndash 2 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1
wherein the grafted polyolefin component ndash 13 A method according to claim 12 wherein the fibrous
web further comprises
bull 多項附屬項
ndash 4 A drylaid nonwoven material according to claim 1 2 or 3 wherein the grafted polyolefin component
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-71-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
附屬項bull 附屬項之技術內容與其所依附之請求項內容相抵觸者權利
無效
ndash 建議以舉發程序釐清之
bull 1 一種高爾夫球桿頭係具有擊球面部分與擊球面背面部分
的球桿頭擊球面部分係採用比重在5以下的低比重金屬而擊
球面背面部分則採用該低比重金屬與比重在7以上的高比重
金屬預先冶金地熔接而成的護面金屬材料同時該低比重金
屬與該護面金屬材料的低比重金屬利用熔接而互相接合成一
體化形成球桿頭
bull 2 如申請專利範圍第1項所述高爾夫球桿頭其中該低比重金
屬的比重亦可以為55
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-72-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構bull 典型的claim結構為
Preamble + Transition + body of claim前言 過渡片語 主體
bull 前言為該專利標的之說明
ndash 侵權賠償的計價基礎
bull 過渡片語標的與主體之關係
bull 主體
ndash 主體為該專利標的為達到預期功效所運用之必要元件(必要
之技術手段)ndash 主體必須包含
bull 必要之元件 (製程)bull 元件與元件間的連結關係 (製程與製程間的連結關係)bull (各元件所發揮的功能非必要)
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-73-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Transitionbull comprisecomprisingincluding
ndash 至少包含主要包括
ndash 開放式權利範圍包含以下所述元件(abc)但不排除其
他元件(d)包含其中
bull consistingconsist ofconsisting of ndash 組成元素為係由下列所構成
ndash 閉鎖式權利範圍僅包含列舉的元件增加減少一個必
要元件便可迴避掉權利涵蓋範圍
bull consisting essentially ofndash (主要組成元素為hellip)ndash 介於開放式及閉鎖式之間係指在一群指明的項目內只
能加入一些次要項目
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-74-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項之結構mdash轉折語
bull Consisting essentially of
A tough impact-resistant composition consists essentially of A B and C
他人加上D若變得極脆弱則不侵害 若仍維持原有韌性則
屬侵害
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-75-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo541)
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
bull Preamblendash A bicomponent fiber
bull Transitionndash comprising
bull Bodyndash a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear
ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-76-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之結構(US lsquo410)
bull A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component and ndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
PreambleTransition
Body
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-77-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim之撰寫句法
bull 組合式(Combination type)ndash 單句式
ndash 次段式
bull 吉普生式(Jepson type)bull Means + functionbull Markush typebull Product by process
bull 添加機能子句式
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-78-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
單句式bull 不分段落
bull 大部分僅以逗號區別不同元件也有用分號區別不同元件
bull 沒有字母或數字
bull (TW260297)ndash 一種高爾夫球桿頭主要包括一頂面具有桿連接部的桿頭本體以及打
擊面板該不鏽鋼桿頭本體前端形成固定區間打擊面板對應組設於
該固定區間熔接固結一體該打擊面板則係一鈦合金板周邊爆炸熔接
一與桿頭本體同材質之端邊所構成之板體藉此使打擊面板藉其端
邊與桿頭本體同材質熔接固結
bull 1 A bicomponent fiber comprising a core of a polyester or polyamide and a sheath of grafted linear ethylene polymer having succinic acid or succinic anhydride groups grafted thereon said sheath covering or encapsulating said core
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-79-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)
bull 在過渡片語(Transition)之後加一冒號然後換行撰寫組成元
件每一元件都新起一行撰寫
ndash 元件與元件之間通常用分號區隔
ndash 每一行首可以加上段落標號 (a) (b) (c) 或 (1) (2) (3)ndash 倒數第二個元件段落尾通常加上「以及」
bull 一種手搖鼓包括
ndash 一空心扁圓柱狀的本體
ndash 分別張佈在該本體兩端口一層薄膜鼓面
ndash 從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以及
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-80-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
次段式(subparagraph form)bull 一種高爾夫球鐵桿頭之製造方法其方法步驟包括
ndash 第一步驟之二片式蠟模各別成型作業係於第一模具及第
二模具中分別注入蠟模使其開模後分別形成二片式蠟
模
ndash 第二步驟之蠟模黏結作業係將二片式蠟模進行黏結作
業而將二片各別獨立的蠟模黏結成一體
ndash 第三步驟之浸漿製成砂殼模作業在二片式蠟模黏結一體
之表面浸漿使之形成砂殼模隨後將蠟模熱溶倒出而在
砂殼模中形成凸部且於砂殼模一側形成澆鑄口以及
ndash 第四步驟之砂殼模製造鐵桿頭作業是將熱溶的金屬液注
入砂殼模中等到金屬液硬固後將砂殼模擊破而取出
一體成型無接縫之鐵桿頭結構
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-81-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
獨立項(US lsquo410)bull 1 A drylaid nonwoven material comprising bicomponent fibres each
fibre comprising ndash A) a high melting polyolefin component andndash B) a low melting polyolefin component
bull 1) having a melting point at least 4 DEG C lower than the melting point of said high melting polyolefin component
bull 2) constituting at least a part of the surface of said bicomponent fibre and
bull 3) comprising a non-grafted polyolefin component and a grafted polyolefin component
ndash a) wherein said grafted polyolefin component has been grafted with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or an anhydride thereof
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-82-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
吉普生式(Jepson Type)bull Jepson type
hellipthe improvement comprisinghelliphellipcharacterized inhellip其特徵在於
其改良在於
bull 前言部份描述相關之習知技術或限制條件
bull 主體部份為該創作或發明之特點或改良的特徵
bull 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分別張
佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體其特徵為
ndash 在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連接
一槌體者
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-83-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Means + functionbull Means forhellip
ndash (35 USC112)claim中的元件可以用一裝置或步驟藉以執行一個特定功能的方式來表達而無須詳加說明某一結構或物質
ndash 例如橡皮擦=一種清除裝置藉由摩擦方式移除紙面石墨顆粒
bull 若說明書中沒有具體之構成要件對應Mean + function 之claim通常會被以範圍不明確而被核駁
ndash 例如一種裝置係以風力帶動齒輪及凸輪之振盪裝置
bull 鑑定實務上 Mean + function 之claim為界定其有效之權利範圍得參照專利說明書與圖式之說明及實施例
ndash 依鑑定理論之「逆均等」原則反而使權利範圍限制得很小
bull 近年來Means + function主要應用於軟體與電腦系統專利
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-84-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
A computer-implemented system for selecting a portfolio of company stocks for a client which is predicted to have future performance that achieves a predesired financial outcome the system comprising
(a) means for calculating a score for a plurality of companies whose stock may be potentially selected to be in the portfolio by using the equation
wherein xi are company indicators which include industry normalized patent indicators alphaiare weighting coefficients for the respective company indicators at least one of the weighting coefficients being non-zero the weighting coefficients being selected so that companies which receive a high score are predicted to contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome and szligi are weighting exponents and that companies which receive a low score are predicted to not contribute to achieving the predesired financial outcome each company being assigned to a predefined industry
(b) means for ranking the calculated scores from highest to lowest and generating recommendations of which company stock to purchase for the portfolio based upon the ranking and
(c) means for displaying the recommendations on a summary report for review by the client or the clients financial manager or means for buying amounts of company stock for the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations or means for selling amounts of company stock from the portfolio in accordance with the recommendations
電腦系統Means + function
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-85-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
功能手段語言在侵害鑑定上的判定
bull 舉例來說當說明書中揭露利用螺絲釘將A和B連接而請求
項中以「means for connecting A to B(連接 A 到 B 的裝
置)」請求保護若他人使用螺絲釘或柳釘(因為柳釘可視
為螺絲釘的均等物)將構成侵權但若其他人使用螺絲釘或
柳釘以外的方式如焊接或黏合連接A和B將不構成侵權
因為焊接或黏合並不為螺絲釘或柳釘的均等物
bull 因此當使用功能手段的寫法時發明人必須特別注意是否
說明書中有包括各種可能達成相同功能的元件(即使用功能
手段語言時其實施方式受說明書中所揭露之實施例限制)
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-86-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Markush typebull claim撰寫中若找不到一個共同的可接受的屬性名詞時可
使用馬庫西式權利請求項(Markush type claim)bull Markush type
hellipselected from the group consisting ofhellipndash 前言為專利標的說明
ndash 一般用於化學類
ndash 主體之特定成份在於由相關的族群內中所選擇
bull 如申請專利範圍第1項之半導體裝置其中該導體所具有的導
電阻障層包含有一選自於由鈦(Ti)鉭(Ta)鋯(Zr)與鎢(W)所構成之群組的元素而且該導體包含有一選自於由銅(Cu)鋁(Al)與錫(Sn)所構成之群組當作主要成分用的元素
(I236709)
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-87-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
bull A device selected from the group consisting of back light units of liquid crystal displays lights copying machines projector system displays facsimiles and electronic blackboards in which the light reflective sheet
bull 一種具有液晶顯示幕之數位電子設備係選自於液晶顯示
器影印機投影顯示設備傳真機辦公室多工事務機
高畫質液晶電視(HDTV)車用液晶電視可攜式電腦
(Portable computer)桌上型電腦(Desktop Computer)數
位多媒體廣播裝置(DMB)電子遊樂器電子儲存顯示媒
體及行動通訊傳輸設備所組成群組之任一裝置其中該液
晶顯示幕係使用一種光反射單元(Reflecting unit)---------------
Preamble 也可以使用Markush type
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-88-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product-by-process claims
bull 使用時機所請求標的的product無法以該product本身的結
構或特性進行描述而只能夠以該product的製造process進行描述時
bull Example-11 A resistor [product] which comprises
a) a ceramic coreb) a coating of carbon depositeddeposited on the core by decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of decomposition of a hydrocarbon gas in the presence of the corethe core [process]
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-89-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Product by processbull Example-2bull 一種自動拖把之膠綿係將發泡材料注入於一模具之模穴
內發泡成型而成其中
ndash 該模具係一長形體內部中空形成模穴模具之端係為模
穴之開口模穴之橫斷面具有一呈預定幾何形狀之大徑部
以及一連接於該大徑部呈推拔狀之小徑部該大徑部與大
徑部之連接部位具有最小寬度
ndash 發泡材料於模穴內發泡成型後將該成型之發泡材料沿著
該模具之軸向自模穴內抽離復將該成型之發泡材料之端
廢料切除即得預定長度之膠綿
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-90-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
添加機能子句式
1 一種手搖鼓包括一空心扁圓柱狀的本體該本體兩端口分
別張佈一層薄膜鼓面從本體的一側邊垂直延伸一桿體以
及在相距一直徑兩端的本體兩側面上分別經由一柔軟線材連
接一槌體者藉由人手握持桿體左右轉動可以使兩槌體分
別敲擊張佈在本體兩端的鼓面而發出叮咚聲音
功能性敘述一旦寫入claim亦成為必要之限制條件
加入功能性敘述
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923
-91-All rights reserved by GAINIA
如何解析claim
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-92-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Claim Constructionbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire to a
blade contact having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal including a pair of leg portions joined to a bight portion the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends with insulation displacement slots for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire the bight portion including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises said bight portion being indented on one side of the longitudinal terminal axis to define an offset portion inwardly of one of the leg portions said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and a locking projection inside the slot at the offset portion for lockingly engaging the locking recess of the blade contact
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-93-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
圖式
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-94-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Offset portion
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-95-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Locking projection
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-96-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
解析claimbull 1 In a connector assembly for connecting an insulated electrical wire (12) to
a blade contact (14) having generally parallel opposite sides and a generally centrally located locking recess (30) the connector assembly including a generally U-shaped stamped and formed sheet metal terminal (22) including a pair of leg portions (34 36) joined to a bight portion (38) the leg portions defining a longitudinal terminal axis generally centrally therebetween and having free ends (24) with insulation displacement slots (42) for electrically connecting the terminal to the insulated wire (12) the bight portion (38) including a slot extending into the leg portions and defining a bifurcated contact formation for receiving the blade contact ndash wherein the improvement in said terminal comprises ndash said bight portion(38) being indented on one side of the longitudinal
terminal axis to define an offset portion(46 46a 46b 40) inwardlyof one of the leg portions
ndash said slot and bifurcated contact formation extending into the offset portion and
ndash a locking projection (48) inside the slot at the offset portion (46) for lockingly engaging the locking recess (30) of the blade contact
發明之特徵
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923
-97-All rights reserved by GAINIA
專利評估
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-98-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Why to Evaluate
專利ne價值專利ne價值
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-99-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-100-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Technical advantagebull A good invention
ndash The invention as described in the embodiments does solve the problem of Boron diffusion in a simple way The invention has a technical advantage and superior to alternatives
bull No known related prior art
By Semiconductor Insights
bull Cites received = 51ndash Top 3 in all NSCrsquos US patents
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-101-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim
1 A method of suppressing boron penetration in a PMOS with a nitridized polysilicon gate comprising the steps of 1) growing a layer of gate oxide on a substrate 2) forming at least one first polysilicon layer on said gate oxide layer 3) nitridizing said at least one first polysilicon layer 4) removing a layer of nitridized silicon which is generated by said nitridizing step 3) on said at least one first polysilicon layer5) forming a second polysilicon layer on said at least one first polysilicon layer and 6) implanting B-containing ions into said first and second polysilicon layers for constructing a PMOS structure wherein said nitridizing step suppresses a boron ion from penetration into said substrate
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-102-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull Claim內容與說明書揭露不同
bull 無法以Claim對侵權物進行鑑定
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquondash 他人可以直接使用專利所揭露之技術內容毋須額外付
費
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-103-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
Cites received =153 (200952)
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-104-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
The independent claim1 A method to produce a roughened surface capacitor fabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substratendash heavily doping said first silicon layer with an conductivity imparting
impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3 ndash heating said first silicon layer to assure uniform distribution of said
impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140 degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer and
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-105-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
12 A method to produce a MOS FET DRAM with a roughened surface capacitorfabricated on a monocrystalline semiconductor substrate comprising ndash depositing a first silicon layer to form a first capacitor plate over a base
insulating layer and a contact opening exposing said substrate with one sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
ndash heavily doping said first polycrystalline silicon layer with an conductivity imparting impurity to a concentration greater than about 1 E 19 atomscmsup3
ndash heating said first silicon layer to a temperature of greater than about800degree C to assure uniform distribution of said impurity optimum grain size of said silicon which is polycrystalline after said heating
ndash subjecting the exposed surfaces of said first polycrystalline silicon layer to etching by phosphoric acid solution at a temperature above about 140degree C to thereby produce a roughened surface on said first silicon layer
ndash depositing a insulating layer to form a capacitor dielectric layer over the surface of the roughened layer
ndash depositing a second polycrystalline silicon layer over said insulating layer to form the second capacitor plate and complete said capacitor and
ndash electrically contacting the other sourcedrain element of said MOS FET therein
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低
2011-0923-106-
All rights reserved by GAINIA
結 果
bull 半導體製程claimndash 蒐證不易
bull 無法進入侵權方廠房內蒐證
ndash 對於疑似侵權者無法以最終產品進行鑑定
bull 無法以還原工程蒐集足夠證據
bull 無法行使專利的排他權
ndash 權利價值為 ldquo0rdquo
bull 加值運用的機會------------- 低