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Office of Electricity Delivery & Energy Reliability
Reliability and Resilience – Role of Smart Grid Technologies and Practices
Joe PaladinoA National Town Meeting on Demand Response and Smart Grid, Washington, DC, July 9 - 11
July 11, 2013
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Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability
Recovery Act Grid Modernization Programs
Recovery Act Grid Modernization Programs Smart Grid Investment Grants (SGIG)*
$3.4 billion Smart Grid Regional Demonstrations (SGDP)*
$620 million Workforce Training
$100 million Interconnection-wide Transmission Planning
and Resource Analysis $80 million
Interoperability Standards (with NIST) $12 million
Other Technical Assistance to States on Electricity
Policy ($44 million) Local Energy Assurance Planning ($10 million)
Smart Grid Demos
Workforce Training
Resource Assessment &Transmission PlanningSmart Grid
Interoperability Standards
Other
*Originally authorized by the Energy Infrastructure Security Act 2007, EISA 1306 and EISA 1304
One-time Appropriation $4.5B of Recovery Act Funds
Investment Grants
Smart Grid Demos
Workforce Training
Resource Assessment &Transmission PlanningSmart Grid
Interoperability Standards Other
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Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability
Applications and Benefits Matrix
Benefits Smart Grid Technology ApplicationsConsumer-Based
Demand Management
Programs (AMI-Enabled)
Advanced Metering
Infrastructure (AMI) Applied to
Operations
Fault Location, Isolation and
Service Restoration
Equipment Health
Monitoring
Improved Volt/VAR
Management
Synchrophasor Technology
Applications
• Time-based pricing• Customer devices
(information and control systems)
• Direct load control (does not require AMI)
* *Shifting peak demand may or may not lower emissions
• Meter services• Outage management• Volt-VAR management• Tamper detection• Back-Office systems
support (e.g., billing and customer service)
• Automated feeder switching
• Fault location• AMI and outage
management
• Condition-based maintenance
• Stress reduction on equipment
• Peak demand reduction
• Conservation Voltage Reduction
• Reactive power compensation
• Real-time and off-line applications
Capital expenditure reduction – enhanced utilization of G,T & D assets
✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Energy use reduction ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Reliability improvements ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
O&M cost savings ✔ ✔ ✔
Reduced electricity costs to consumers ✔* ✔
Lower pollutant emissions ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
Enhanced system flexibility – to meet resiliency needs and accommodate all generation and demand resources
✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔
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Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability 4
Recent DOE SGIG Reports
• Analysis of Customer Enrollment Patterns in Time-Based Rate ProgramsJune 2013
• Economic Impact of Smart Grid InvestmentsApril 2013
• 2012 Progress Report July 2012
• Impact Reports December 2012
O&M Savings from AMI Demand Reductions from AMI Volt/VAR Optimization Reliability Improvements from DA
As of May 2013
Download From
Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability
Recent Weather Patterns
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Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability
Reliability Improvements from Automated Feeder Switching
Index* Description Weighted Average (Range)
SAIFI System Average Interruption Frequency Index (outages) -22 %(-11% to -49%)
MAIFI Momentary Average Interruption Frequency Index (interruptions)
-22 %(-13% to -35%)
SAIDI System Average Interruption Duration Index (minutes) -18 %(+4% to -56%)
CAIDI Customer Average Interruption Duration Index (minutes)
+8 %(+29% to -15%)
Selected examples from SGIG projects reporting initial results
4 Projects involving 1,250 feeders April 1, 2011 through March 31, 2012
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Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability
Value of Service
One utility has installed 230 automated feeder switches on 75 circuits in an urban area. From Apr 1 – Sep 30 2011:
SAIDI improved 24%; average outage duration decreased from 72.3 minutes to 54.6 minutes (or by 17.7 minutes).
Customer Type Interruption Cost
Summer WeekdayInterruption Duration
Momentary 30 mins 1 hr 4 hr 8 hr
Large C&I Cost Per Average kWh $173 $38 $25 $18 $14Small C&I Cost Per Average kWh $2,401 $556 $373 $307 $2,173
Residential Cost Per Average kWh $21.6 $4.4 $2.6 $1.3 $0.9
Estimated Avg. Customer Interruption Costs US 2008$ by Customer Type and Duration
*Sullivan J, Michael, 2009 Estimated Value of Service Reliability for Electric Utility Customers in the US, xxi VOS Estimate for SAIDI Improvement on 75 feeders from Apr 1 to Sep 30 2011
Customer Class Δ SAIDI Customers Served
within a Class Average Load (kW)
Not Served VOS Coefficient
($/kWh) Δ VOS
Residential
17.7 mins (0.295 hrs)
107,390 2 $ 2.60 $ 164,736Commercial 8,261 20 $ 373.00 $ 18,179,477
Industrial 2,360 200 $ 25.00 $ 3,481,325
Total 118,011 $ 21,825,537
VOS Improvement Δ = Δ SAIDI x Customers Served x Avg Load x VOS Coefficient Sullivan J, Michael, 2009 Estimated Value of Service Reliability for Electric Utility Customers in the US, xxi
Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability
Response Time With and Without Smarter Grid
July 5, 2012 Storm Response (EPB)
1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 730
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
Actual Response
Projected Response without Smart Grid
17 hours
Avoided costs to customersEliminated 500 truck rollsRestoration complete 1 ½ days earlier$1.4 Million cost reduction
Courtesy of EPB of Chattanooga
Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability 9
Synchrophasor Technology for Transmission System Operations
DOE and NERC/NASPI are working together closely with industry to enable wide area time-synchronized measurements that will enhance the reliability of the electric power grid through improved situational awareness and other applications
April 2007 November 2012
Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability 10
Electrical Island during Hurricane Gustav
ENT_WTFD-230:FREQUENCY
HzENT_MBLE-MFLR:FREQUENCY
Hz
Gustov Island Creation
9/1/2008 2:45:20 PM 9/1/2008 2:59:43 PM14.38 minutes
59.6
59.8
60
60.2
60.4
59.4
60.6
60.039
59.961
Baton Rouge
New Orleans
Area of “Island”
Generation in the Island
Waterford 1
Gypsy 2
Ninemile 5
Hurricane Gustav is second most destructive storm in 95-year history
of Entergy’s utility system
At 2:49 PM on September 1, 2008 the Baton Rouge – New Orleans
island was created due to outage of 230 kV transmission line
Courtesy of Entergy
Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability 11
Monitoring Oscillations in the Island
ENT_WTFD-NMLE:FREQUENCY
Hz
Hunting Among Islanded Units
9/2/2008 8:00:00 AM 9/2/2008 10:30:00 AM2.50 hours
59.9
59.95
60
60.05
60.1
60.15
60.2
59.85
60.2559.951
Governors of the three online generation units were set to address the potential for high frequency oscillations
Courtesy of Entergy
Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability 12
Reconnection to the Grid
ENT_MBLE-MFLR:FREQUENCY
HzENT_WTFD-230:FREQUENCY
Hz
Gustav Island Resynch
9/2/2008 11:20:12 PM 9/2/2008 11:22:12 PM2.00 minutes
59.991
60.001
60.011
60.021
60.031
60.041
60.051
59.981
60.059
60.003
60.003
After 33 hours, the island was reconnected to the main grid
Courtesy of Entergy
Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability
For More InformationContact: [email protected]
Websites: www.oe.energy.gov www.smartgrid.gov
Reports: SGIG Progress Report (July 2012)Peak Demand Reductions – Initial Results (December 2012)AMI O&M Savings – Initial Results (December 2012)Reliability Improvements – Initial Results (December 2012)Voltage Optimization – Initial Results (December 2012)Economic Impact (April 2013)Customer Enrollment Patterns in Time-Based Rate Programs (June 2013)
All reports are downloadable from:
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http://www.smartgrid.gov/all/news/department_energy_releases_smart_grid_impact_reports
