Division of Research Office of Chief Engineer Bureau of Reclamation

OFFICE OF SALINE WATER Washington, D. C. 20240

TECkfXIC -.---..--- I . R-port KO. 2. G o v e r n ~ e t ~ t k c c e s s i m NO. BEC-OCE-70-16

T i t l e and S u b t i t l e I- Hydraulic nodel Studies of Interstage Module Piping i n the 2.5 MGD Universal Desalination Plant - Office of Saline Water

- I

5. Report Date - Xay 1970 6. Performing Organization

I Code I

8. Perforzing Orgai~ii,al;ion

G. L. Bcichley Report No. I I

9 . Performing Organization Kcme and Address 0. Work Unit No. D i v i s i o n of Besearch i Office of Chief Engineer Bureau of Beclawation

ontr tract o r Grant, no. 1 Denver, Colorado 80225 -- -- 3. Type of R e p r t and 12. Sponsoring Agency P:me and Address I Period Covere3 Office of Saline Water !

I Washington, D.C. 20240 I - 4. Sponsoring Agency Code 1

1 I

15. Supplerrentary Xotes

16. Abst rac t A 1:2.33 scale model was used t o determine the head loss for 118 deg F (47.77 deg C) s a l t water brine flowing through the interstage piping be- tween 2 of the modules i n the 2.5 MGD Universal Desalination Plant. Bead loss coeff ic ient curves for the system with and without a control valve were established fo r Reynolds numbers ranging from 170,000 t o 1,200,000. Total head loss i n the prototype system was 0,53 f t (16.15 c 3 without a control valve i n the system and 0.56 f t (17.07 c 3 with a but terf ly control valve 100% open a t the downstream end of the system.

i7. Key Words DESCRIPTORS--/ *Beynoldr number/ Wroude number/ *head l o d turbulence/ vortices/ bu t te r f ly valves/ pipelines/ hydraulic models/ &naity/ piping (mcchanicrs1)l *viscosity/ desalination plants/ brines/ model t e s t s IDENTIFIERS--/ modul.es/ s a l t solutions/ plenm chambere

-- - - t8. ~ f s t r i ? m t i o n S t e t e m c n t No l imitat ion A4. S e c u r i t y Cl.e.ssif. 20. S c c w i t y Cit issif . 21. IW. of Pages 22. P r j c c

f i - - - ~ i ~ ~ ~ t ) 1 (of - - ~ - - - 7 - j t h i n ~ ~ . .

L None .. . .-.. ~ . I

HYDRAULIC MODEL STUDIES OF ENTERSTAGE MODULE PIPING IN THE 2.5 MGD UNIVERSAL DESALINATION PLANT - OFFICE OF SALINE WATER

by G. L. Beichley

May 1970

Hydraulics Branch Division of Research Office of Chief Engineer Denver, Colorado

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR * BUREAU O F RECLAMATION Walter J. Hickel E l l i s L . Armstrong Secretary Commissioner

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The studies wereconducted by the author and reviewed by T. J. Rhone under the supervision of the Structures and Equipment Section head. W. E. Wagner. The final plans evolved from these studies were developed through the cooperation of the Office o f Saline Water. Distillation Division, and the Bureau o f Reclamation, Hydraulics Branch of the Research Division in theoff iceof Chief Engineerduring the period June 1967 through October 1967.

CONTENTS

Page

Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 The Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 The Investigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Without Control Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 With Control Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Appendix A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure

1 Plant Schematic and Tabulation Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2 Module Assembly-Heat Recovery Below 180' F . . . . . . . . . . . 6

. . . . . . . . . . . 3 Module End-RH-Heat Recovery Below 180' F 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Module End-LH-Below 180°F . . . . 8

. . . . . . . 5 Model Layout of lntemlodule Piping . . . . . . . . 9 6 Model Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 7 Head Loss Between Modules M6-M7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 8 Flow Conditions at Entrance and Exit Plenums . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 9 Butterfly Valve Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Conversion Factors-Britih to Metric Units of Measurement

PURPOSE

The purpose o f the study was to determine the head losses incurred with the discharge of a given quantity of 118' F (47.77' C) 5 percent saltmturated brine through the most critical o f the interstage module piping.

CONCLUSIONS

1. Head loss coefficient curves for the system with or without the control valve were determined for Reynolds numbers ranging from 170,000 t o 1,200,000, Figure 7.

2. The total head losses for the required i low with and without a wntrol valve were 0.53 and 0.56 feet (16.15 and 17.07 cm), respectively. Thus, the differential head between modules must be increased to provide the desired flow.

APPLICATIONS

This study was conducted primarily on a Reynolds number model relationship to determine the head loss incurred by l lsO F (47.77' Ci 5 percent salt-saturated brine trowing between modules in a desalination plant. The results can be compared with two methods of wmputing the losses shown in the appendix and thus the best method for computing the losses in installations of similar design can be determined.

INTRODUCTION

The Office of Saline Water requested the Chief Engineer's Office of the Bureau of Reclamation t o design, construct, and test a model of the interstage piping between modules at the most critical location with respect to driving force (or head) required and the driving force available in the 2.5 MGD (9.46 x lo6 L/U~'Universal Desalination Plant. Figures 1, 2.3, and 4. The outside pipeline between the last two modules, M6 and M7, provided the most critical flow conditions. The available driving force between these two modules will be the minimum in the system, and the outside line will offer more resistance to the f low than the shorter inside line.

The flashing brine in these last two modules will be 5 percent salt saturated at 118' F 147.77' C) flowing at a rate of nearly 5,965,000 pounds (2,705,724 kg) per hour. The brine is assumed to be equally divided between the inside and outside passages, each of which

has an inside diameter of 2.33 feet (71.1 cm). For these considerations, the brine will have a density o f 63.7 lbs/ft3 (1 020.39 kg/m3), and a dynamic viscosity

4 of 4.06 x 10 lbslft sec (0.56 kglm sec) from which t h e Reynolds number was computed to be approximately 1.17 x lo6.

The available driving force between M6 and M7 was computed to be approximately 0.25 foot (7.74 cm) of water with the two modules at the same elevation. Head losses computed for the design flow by the velocity head loss method and the equivalent length loss method (Appendix A ) were determined to be approximately 0.5 and 0.4 foot (15 and 20 cm) o f water, respectively, for the design configuration. Thus. some adjustment in relative elevation of the modules is necessary based on these computations. Because of limitations on the elevation of the modules, the hydraulic model study was undertaken to more accurately determine the losses. In addition, there was a need to &;ermine the added loss created when using an interstirgz control valve in the line t o match the pressure drop t o the driving force for appropriate brine levels in che stages adjacent to the ends of the modules.

THE MODEL

The configuration of the outside pipeline to convey the brine from Module M6 to M7, including the entrance and exit from and into the pipeline. Figures 1. 3, and 4, was modeled to a scale of 1 to 2.33. Figures 5 and 6. An open box represented each of the two modules. The left side of each module was represented so that the right side of each box is on the centerline of the module. The reverse is true in the prototype layout in Figure 1.

The 28-inch (71.12-cm-) inside-diameter steel pipe in the prototype was represented with a 12-inch (30.48-cm) steel pipe in the model. The roughness coefficient "f" in the model was estimated at 0.013 for the Reynolds number at which the prototype is expected to operate. This roughness coefficient compares favorably with estimates for the prototype pipe. Water at 67.5' F (19.72~ C) represented the :

118' F (47.77' C) brine in the prototype. . i, . . ~.. ,

I n the second phase of the investigation, a butterfly valve in the full-open position was installed in the pipeline t o represent the control valve. For seynolds number similarity, the model was operated such that the prototype discharge of 2,982,500 pounds (1352.862 kg) per hour per pipe L13.4 cfs (0.38 cms)] was represented by approximately 9.00 cfs (0.255 cmsl

in the model. The prototype velocity o f approximately 3.05 feet (0.91 m) per second i n the pipe was represented by a velocity of about 11.50 feet (3.51 m) per second in the model. A prctotype head loss of 0.4 foot (0.12 m) would be represented by approximately 5.5 feet (1.68 m) o f water ir: the model.

For Froude number similarity, the model was operated such that the prototype discharge of 13.4 cfs (0.38 cms) was represented by 1.56 cfs (0.04 cms) in the model, and the pipeline velocity was approximately 2.0 feet (0.66 m) per second in the model.

THE INVESTIGATION

In the first phase of the investigation, the overall head loss between Modules M6 at?d M7 of the 2.5 MGD (9.46 x lo6 LID) Universal Desalination Plant, Figures 1 through 4, was determined for a range of Reynolds numbers up t o and including 1.117 x lo6 without a control valve.

In the second phase, the head loss measurements were to be repeated but with a butterfly control valve 100 percent open placed near the downstream end o f the intermodule piping.

Phase I Withnut Control Valve

The inverts of the two boxes representing Modules M6 and M7 were set at the same elevation. The water surface piezometers shown in Figure 5 were used t o measure the depth of flow for model discharges ranging from 1.5 t o over 9 cfs (0.042 t o 0.255 cms). The head I o n in the system between the two modules was the

difference in flow depths plus the velociW head differential. This head loss was then related to the intentage pipeline velocity head t o obtain the loss coefficient K shown plotted versus Reynolds number in Figure 7. By applying the total head loss coefficient of 3.65 at the anticipated Reynolds number of 1.1 17 x lo6 in Figure 7 to the prototype velocity head in the pipeline between modules, the head loss is determined to be 0.53 foot (16.15 cm). This corresponds closely with the maximum computed head loss (see Appendix).

To obse~e the plenum entrance and exit flow conditions which were drowned out by the large model depths necessary for a Reynolds number relationship, the model was operated on a Froudian relationship. Vertices appeared in the entrance plenum and a considerable turbulence was present in the exit plenum, Figure 8. However, due t o the lack of model similarity in representing the 118' F (47.77' C) brine in the prototype, it was not clear as t o how these flow conditions using the Froudian relationship represented the prototype.

Phase II With Control Valve

A butterfly valve was installed near the downstream end of the interstage piping, Figures 5 and 9, to determine its effect on the head loss when the valve is fully open. The same tests performed without the valve were repeated and the results plotted in Figure 7. The head loss coefficient was increased t o about 3.86 at the anticipated prototype Reynolds number of 1.117 x lo6, equivalent t o a total head loss to about 0.56 foot (17.07 cm).

APPENDIX A

HEAD LOSS CALCULATIONS BETWEEN VESSELS M6 TO M7

V=1.0'(30.48 crnl/sec in plenum

M 7 ( S T A G E N t I )

Flow rate per pipe is 2,982,500 pounds (1,352,862 kg) per hour

Velocity Head Loss Method

Entrance and Exit Losses

Entrance loss from Stage n to plenum K = 0.5 Exit loss from plenum to Stage n+l K = 1.0 Total K = 1.5

h~ = &where V = 1.00 ftlsec (30.48 cmlsec)

= 0.023 foot (0.70 cm) of H20

Entrance loss from plenum to pipe K = 0.5 Exit loss from pipe to plenum K = 1.0 - Total K = 1.5

v 2 h~ = KTgPwhere V = 3.05 ftlsec (92.96 cmlsec)

= 0.217 foot (6.61 cm) of H20

Bend Losses

Four 45' miter bends - K = 0.45 per bend

h~ * ~ g w h e r e V = 3.05 fttsec (92.96 cmlsec)

= 0.260 foot (7.92 cm) of H20

Pipe Loss

Reynolds Number "R; =?where D = 2.33 feet (71.02 crnl

p= 4.06 x lo4 Ib/ft sec (0.60 centipoise)

(Reference: "Saline Water Conservation Data Book"-OSW 12.90)

then f = 0.013 (Reference: Crane T.P. No. 409, page 6)

h~ = f where L = 33 feet (10.06 mi -0.026 foot (0.79 cm) of H20

Total losses, HL = 0.023 t 0.217 + 0.260 + 0.026 = 0.526 foot (16.03 cml of Hz0

Equivalent Length Loss Method

Entrance and Exit Losses

Same as for Velocity Head Loss Method.

Bend and Pipe Losses D

(for 45' miter) = 15Yper bend)

Total equivalent L = 33 + (4 x 15 x 2.33) = 173 feet (52.73 rn)

= 0.139 foot (4.24 cm) of H20

Total losses HL = 0.023 t 0.217 + 0.139=0.379 foot (11.55 cm) of H20

AVAILABLE DRIVING FORCE

Vapor mesure in M6 (PVJ -vapor pressure in M7 (PVn+l) = 0.25 feet (7.74 cni) of H20

- FIGURE !

FIGURE 6

A. Interstage pipe!ine from module M6 on the right to module M7 on the left. Photo P800-DS6407

B. Plenum entrance to pipeline in M6. C. Plenum exit from pipeline Photo P800-0.66408 into M7. Photo P8W-D-66409

2.5 MGD UNIVERSAL DESALINATION PLANT

INTERSTAGE PIPING MODEL

1 :2.33 SCALE MODEL

10

Re ( IN THOUSANDS)

K = 29 (H , /V~) and Re= V D h

Where:

HL = T o t a l Head L o s s between modules

V = Velocity in t h e Pipe between modules

D = Ins ide diameter of Pipe.

u = Kinematic Viscosity.

g = Acce lera t ion of G r a v i t y

2 . 5 M G D U N I V E R S A L D E S A L I N A T I O N P L A N T

H E A D LOSS BETWEEN MODULES M 6 AND M 7 1 : 2 . 3 3 3 S C A L E M O D E L

A. Vortices at plenum entrance in module M6. Photo P800-D-66410

6. Turbulence at plenum exit in module M7. Photo P800D-66411

1.X160<110) b" dp..hm.l,on

CONVERSION FACTORS--BRiTISH TO METRIC UNlTS OF MEASUREMEWI

Where appmdmate or mminal English units are used to express a value or range of values, the con;rerted metric units in parentheses are also aP?roximate 3r nwninal. Where precise hg l i sh units u e sed , the converted metric units are expressed as equally significant values.

Table I

QUANTITIES AND UNITS OF SPACE

Multiply Bv To obtaln

LENGTE

MU. . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.4 (ew.tlyl. . . . . . . . Micron Inches . . . . . . . . . . . 25.4 ( e m t i ) . Milltmeters . . . . . . . . . . . 2.54 (em&*: : : : : : . Centimeters Feel . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.48 (exactiy) . . . . . . . Centimeters . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3048 (emuy)*. . . . . . m t e r s . . . . . . . . . . . 0.W3048 (eractiy)* . . . . Kilometers yards' . . . . . . . . . . . 0.9144 ( e m t i 1 . . Meters Mlles ~ ~ u t e ) . . . . . . . . 1,609. 344 (exactly{* : : : : . . Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.EQ9344 (elactlv) . . . . . Kilometers

- --

Square inches. . . . . . . . 6.4516 ( d y ) . . . . . . Square centimeters Square feet . . . . . . . . . 929.03*. . . . . . . . . . . Square centimeters . . . . . . . . . 0.092903 . . . . . . . . . Square meters S w e yards . . . . . . . . 0.836127 . . . . . . . . . Square meters Acres . . . . . . . . . . . 0.404691 . . . . . . . . . Hectares

4,046.9* Squsre meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0. W40469* . . . . . . . . Square Idlometers . . . . . . . . Sauare miles 2.58999. Square LUometers - . . . . . . . . .

Cubic inches . . . . . . . . 16.3811 . . . . . . . . . . Cublc centimeters Cublc feet. . . . . . . . . . 0.0283168. . . . . . . . . Cublc meters Cublc vards. . . . . . . . . 0.764555 . . . . . . . . . Cubic meters

CAPACITY

. . . . Fluid wnces (U. 5. ) 29.5737 . . . . . . . . . . Cublc centimeters . . . . 29.5129 . . . . . . . . . . MUllllters Liquidpi0tsN.S.) . . . . 0.473119 . . . . . . . . . Cublc decimeters . . . . 0.473168 . . . . . . . . . Uters . . . . . . Quarts(U.S.). 946.35W . . . . . . . . . . . Cubic centimeters . . . . . . . 0.946331*: . . . . . . . . Utters Gallons (U.S. 1. . . . . . . 3,785.43' . . . . . . . . . . Cublc centimeters . . . . . . . 3.78543. . . . . . . . . . Cublc decimeters . . . . . . . 3.78533. . . . . . . . l i t e r s . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.~37854&: cubic meters . . . . . . wou tu.x.i 4 . 5 4 ~ ) g cubic decimeters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.54596 . . . . . . . . . Liters Cublc feet. . . . . . . . . 28.3160 . . . . . . . . . . Liters cubic yards. . . . . . . . 784.55. . . . . . . . . . . Liters Acre-feet. . . . . . . . . 1,233.5; . . . . . . . . . . . Cubic meters

.I. 233,500* Llters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Grdnr ll/7 rX.3 lbl . . . . . . . . 84.7Q8Ql IeraeUyl . . . . . . M l l l l p m s . . . T ~ W ounce; 1480 qralnrl. . . : 31.1035. . . . . . . . . . . Grams h e s lavdpl. . . . . . . . . . . . 28.3405. . . . . . . . . . . Grams P d s iaud f 1 . . . . . . . . . . I . 0.46368217 isxaeuyl. . . . . Kilqm- short lorn I ,WO lb). . . . . . . . 807.185 . . . . . . . . . . . wqnim. . . . . . . . . . 0.937185. . . . . . . . . . Melrle tons L+w t m 12.240 lbl. . . . . . . . . 1.018. 05. . . . . . . . . . . . Kllmrams

Pounds per square Inch . . . . . . . 0.010307. . . . . . . . . . KUqrams per square cenumeler 0.888476. Ned- per square eenumeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Pounds per r m c fw( . . . . . . . 4.88243 . . . . . . . . . . mag- per aquare meter 47.8W. N m m s ~r asuaie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

M A S S N O L W DENSITY) ~ ~

. . . . . . Ounces per w o n W.S. 1 7.4883. . . . . . . . . . . Grams per Ilter m e e s per w o n u x 1 8.2382. . . . . . . . . . . G*ms p r Ute? Pounds per @loo !TI: d l : : : : : : 118.828 . . . . . . . . . . . G m a p r llter . . . . . . Pounds cer mollon N . K . I 08.778 . . . . . . . . . . . Grams oer ULer

BENDING MOMENT OR TORQUB ~- Inch-pounds . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.011681. . . . . . . . . . Meter-ldlqra-

l.lze85 x 104 centmeter-dyne- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fmt-pounds . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.138265. . Meler-E.hrams 1.3568a x 107. : : : : : : ~ ~ ~ t ~ ~ ~ t ~ ~ - d . . . . . . . . . . . . .

P a n - p d a per Inch . . . . . . . . 5.4431. . . . . . . . . . . ~ e n t l m e t e ~ - ~ $ a m s per centlmeler mce- lnchrs . . . . . . . . . . . . 72. WE . . . . . . . . . . Dram-eentlmelei.

Foe? per icecrd. . . . . . . . . . . 3.. 48 I c r ~ ~ U y l . . . . . . . . Cerumcters per rre& . . . . . . . . . . . O . X 4 l?racUy. )I.OL~IS PI rcmni Fee! per year. . . . . . . . . . . . 0 . ~ 5 ~ 9 x 10-A. : : : : : : CClUmBlelS l"r mm", NUrsper tmr . . . . . . . . . . . i.e:83nl ( e m u ,. . . . . . ~~toir.etcr.-pcr ""2,

0 4 I >1c,e..a pr . . . . . . . . . . . . . --

ACCELERATION*

Feel rp, aeeand2 . . . . . . . . . . 0.3048. . . . . . . . . . . Meters oer second2

PLOW

COIC feet per second lsecond- feet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.025317* . . . . . . . . . Cvblc meleis per s x o n d

C v b l ~ feet per m u l e . . . . . . . . 0.4718 . . . . . . . . . . Llterr per second oallma i". 8.1 oer rmnute . . . . . . 0.08308 . . . . . . . . . . wera per second

Mulllolv BY To obWn

WORK AND ENERGY.

Brltlsh m e r d d L l s IBLul. . . . . . 0.252' . . . . . . . . . . K U q m cll lorl~s

61" p r pound. . . . . . . l.055.W . . . . . . . . . . . Joules

2.226 1exa~Uyl . . . . . . . Joules per gram . . . ~ m l - ~ U M S . . . . : : : : : : : : 1.35682*. . . . . . . . . ~ o u l e s

POWER

Horsepower . . . . . . . . . . . . 745.700 . . . . . . . . . . . Watts Btu pr h n u . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.283071. . . . . . . . . . Walls Fmbirovnds a r weond . . . . . . . 1.36682 . . . . . . . . . . W w s

WATER VAPOR TK&NmmION

Grdnr/hr *a iwsler vapor (ranarmsr~anl. . . . . . . . . . . 16.7 . . . . . . . . . . . GramvZ4 hr m2

P e r m lpermeaneel . . . . . . . . . 0. 658 . . . . . . . . . . . Metrlc perms perm-lmher loermeab1lltvl . . . . . 1.67 . . . . . . . . . . . ~ e t r l c ~rm-centfmeters

Table m - mXER OWANTITIES AND WITS

MulU~lv BY To ablsln

Cvble feet per aquare foot per day lreegagel . . . . . . . . . . . 304.8. . . . . . . . . . . . Utera pi nqmre melai per day

Pound-aecandr per sq- 1001 (vlseos2lyl . . . . . . 4.8824'. . . . . . . . . . KUqram second per square mekr

s w r e lect$, second l~ i s~os l iy l : : : 0 . 0 8 2 0 ~ . . . . . . . . . square meters ~ m r e n h e l t emees lchange~. . . . . YO e m l l y . . . . . . . . celstvs or x e l v ~ d $ ~ Z ichgc l . Vdls per d l . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.03837. . . . . . . . . . x u w o l ! ~ per mmmeter Lumens w d l e k r square lmt Uaol-

10.784. Lumens per square meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ohm-elreulsr mlla per 1001 . . 0.W1882 . . . , . Ohm-square mllllmeterr per meter w u i c u r ~ e s per euble foot . . . : : : 36.3147. . . : : : : . . . m ~ ~ t c u r ~ e s w r cuble melei u m p s per s p r e foot . . . . . 10. 7w01 . . . . . . . . . mulsmps pei square meter W o r n per square iud . . . . . . : 4.527218* . . . . . . . . Ulers per square mcler h d s a r Inch. . . . . . . . . . . 0.17858.. . . . . . . . . Kilmrams a r centimeter

G P O I S B - a O !

A 12.33 scale model war used to determine the head loss for 116 deg F (47.77 deg C) salt A 12.33 scale model war used to determine the head loss for 116 deg F 147.77 deg C) salt

water brine flowing through the interstage piping between 2 of the modules in the 2.5 MGD water brine flowing through the interstage piping between 2 of the modules in the 2.5 MGD

Uniuerrsl Desalination Plant. Head loss coefficient curves for the system with and without a Universal Desalination Plant. Head loss coefficient curves for the system with and without a

control valve were ertablirhed for Reynolds numbers ranging from 170.000 to 1,200.000. Total mntrol valve were established for Reynolds numbers ranging from 170.m to 1,200,000. Total

head lorr in the prototype system was 0.53 f t 116.15 cml without a control valve in the system head larr in the prototype rynemwar 0.53ft 116.15 cml without acontrol valve in thesystem and 0.56 ft (17.07 em) with a butterfly control valve 1W% open at the downstream end of the and 0.56 f t (17.07 cm) with a butterfly control valve 100% open at the dawnnream end of the

system. system.

ABSTRACT

A 1:2.33 scale model was ured to determine the head lass for 118 deg F 147.77 deg CI ralt Water brine flowing through the interrtage piping between 2 of the modules in the 2.5 MGD Universal Desalination Plant. Head loss coefficient CUNer for the system with and without a control valve were enablirhed for Reynolds numbers ranging from 170,WO to 1,200.000. Total head loss in the prototype system was 0.53 f t 116.15 cm) without a control valve in the system and 0.56 ft 117.07 cml with a butterfly control valve 100% open at the downrtream end of the system.

ABSTRACT

A 1:2.33 scale model was ured to determine the head loss for 118 deg F 147.77 deg C l salt water brine flowing through the interrtage piping between 2 of the modules in the 2.5 MGD Universal Desalination Plant. Head loss coefficient curves for tho ryrtem with and without a mntrol valve were established for Reynolds numbers ranging from 170.000 to 1.2W.000. Total head loss in the prototype system was 0.53 f t (16.15 cml without a control valve in the ryrtem and 0.56 ft (17.07 cm) with a butterfly control valve 100% open at the downstream end of the svstem.

Beichley. G L HYDRAULIC MODEL STUDIES OF INTERSTAGE MODULE PlPlNG IN THE 2.5 MGD UNIVERSAL DESALINATION PLANT-OFFICE OF SALINE WATER. Bur Reclam Lab Rep REC-OCE-70-16, Hydraul Br, May 1970. Bureau of Reclamation, Denver. 13 p. 9 fig. 3 tab. append

DESCRIPTORS-/ 'Reynolds number1 'Froude number1 'head l o d turbulence1 vortices/ butterflv valves1 o i d i n e r l hydraulic modeld density1 piping Imffihanicalll 'viscosity/ - - ~ -

deralinakon plantr;b;ines/ model tesfs IDENTIFIERS-/ modules1 salt soiutionsl plenum chambers

REC-OCE-70-16 Beichley. G L HYDRAULIC MODEL STUDIES OF INTERSTAGE MODULE PlPlNG I N THE 2.5 MGD UNIVERSAL DESALINATION PLANT-OFFICE OF SALINE WATER. Bur Reclam Lab Rep REC-OCE-70-16. Hydraul Br, May 1970. Bureau of fieclamation. Denver. 13 p, 9 fig, 3 tab. append

DESCRIPTORS-/ 'Reynolds number1 'Froude number1 'head lorrl turbulence1 vortices1 butterfly valves1 pipelines1 hydraulic modelsl density1 piping lmechanicalll 'viscosity1 deralination plants1 brines/ model tests IDENTIFIERS-/ modulerl salt solutions1 plenum chambers

~ ..., - - HYDRAULIC MODEL STUDIES OF INTERSTAGE MODULE PlPlNG I N THE 2.5 MGD UNIVERSAL DESALINATION PLANT-OFFICE OF SALINE WATER. Bur Reclam Lab Rep REC-OCE-70-16. Hvdraul Br. May 1970. Bureau of Redamation. Denver. 13 p, 9 fig. 3 tab. append

DESCRIPTORS-/ 'Reynolds numberl 'Froude number1 'head loss1 turbulcncel vortical butterfly valves1 pipelined hydraulic models1 density1 piping (mechanicall1 'vircorityl desalination pant$/ Dllnerl mode tcrtr IDENTIFIERS-/ modulmlsalt rolutionrl vlenumchambcrr

Beichley, G L HYDRAULIC MODEL STUDIES OF INTERSTAGE MODULE PlPlNG IN THE 2.5 MGD UNIVERSAL DESALINATION PLANT-OFFICE OF SALINE WATER. Bur Reclam Lab Reo REC-OCE-70-16. Hvdraul Br. Mav 1970. Burcau of Reelamation. Denver. 13 p. 9 fig. 3 tab, append

DESCRIPTORS-/ 'Reynolds number1 'Fraude number1 'head lo rd turbulence1 vortices1 butterfly valves1 pipelines1 hydraulic models1 density1 piping Imechanlcalll 'viscosity1 deralination plants1 brines1 model tests IDENTIFIERS-/ moduleslsalt solutianrl plenum chambers