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Offset Protocols and Florida’s Greenhouse Gas Cap-and-Trade Program. Kelly Stevens Meteorologist Division of Air Resource Management. Background. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Florida Department of Environmental Protection
Offset Protocols and Florida’s Greenhouse Gas Cap-and-Trade Program
Kelly StevensMeteorologist
Division of Air Resource Management
Background• Florida Climate Protection Act requires DEP
to generally consider cost containment mechanisms for any draft rule proposal for GHG cap-and-trade program for electric utilities
• May 24, 2010 released our Comparative Study of Selected Offset Protocols for Greenhouse Gas Reduction and Reporting Programs
• Accessible at: http://www.dep.state.fl.us/air/rules/ghg/electric.htm
Offsets• Reduce or sequester greenhouse gas
emissions at any non-capped location• e.g. landfill gas capture of methane, forest
sequestration of CO2
• Offers choice for regulated entities • Protocols are the set of directions or
recommendations for an offset project• Can vary from highly technical and
specific to more general and suggestive
Purpose of this study• What this study is NOT:
• Evaluate program level issues• Evaluate cap-and-trade program issues• Policy or policy recommendations
• What this study is:• Evaluation of technical elements • Highlights similarities and differences• Informative & unique• Guide for future stakeholder discussion
Table 0.1 — Protocols by Project Type
Alberta OffsetSystem
American Carbon Registry
Chicago Climate
Exchange
Clean Development Mechanism
Climate Action
Reserve
GE Energy Financial Services
New South Wales
RegionalGreenhouse
GasInitiative
U.S. DOE 1605(b)
U.S. EPA Climate Leaders
Voluntary Carbon
Standard
AOS ACR CCX CDM CAR GE AES NSW RGGI DOE EPA CL VCS
Forestry
Agriculture
Waste
Management
Miscellaneous
In Study
Table 0.1 — Protocols by Project Type l Approved £ Under
development ¡ Considered for future
AOS ACR CCX CDM CAR GE AES NSW RGGI DOE EPA CL VCS
Afforestation/reforestation £ l l l l ¡ l l l l l
Forest management l l l l £ lForest conservation and preservation l l l ¡ l l
Forest products* l l l
Urban forestry £ l l l
Manure management l £ l l l l l l l
Agriculture land management l £ l ¡ l l
Rangeland management ¡ £ l ¡ l l
Landfill gas capture l £ l l l l l l l l
Waste and wastewater management l l £ l l l
End-use energy efficiency £ ¡ l l l l
Ozone depleting substances l l £ l l
SF6-related projects l l l
Geologic sequestration l £ lCement plants £ l
Landfill Gas Capture
• Byproducts of decomposing material in landfills is CO2 and methane
• Landfill gas capture as a GHG offset involves collecting LFG for destruction or use
Image from EPA: http://www.epa.gov/lmop/basic-info/lfg.html#05
LFG Capture – Table SampleTable 3.1 Waste Management Offsets
Chicago Climate Exchange Clean Development Climate Action Reserve
Landfill Gas Capture CCX Mechanism (CDM) CAR
Linking to other programs ISO for baseline calculations
None CDM, ISO calibration standards, IPCC technical values
Landfill must be NSPS exempt
Yes, but will accept credits from before NSPS controls are operational
Not explicitly stated but requires project to be above regulatory
Yes
Applicable uses of captured
• Flaring• Electricity generation
• Flaring• Electricity and thermal energy production• Pipelined
• Flaring • Electricity and thermal energy production• Pipelined
LFG Capture – Technical Comparison• Varied level of detail: Some included gas
utilization effects (e.g. CCX, CDM, etc.) while others did not (CAR, RGGI)
• Monitoring: LFG flow rate continuous measurement required by 5 protocols, others do not
• Baseline and other calculations: 6 protocols consider GWP of CH4 21 tons CO2e, two protocols 23 tons CO2e
LFG Capture – Applicability to Florida
• Governor’s energy and climate change action plan: Ranked 8th of 28 recommended projects based on cumulative reduction of GHG• Quantification of existing sites in Florida• As many as 90 other
landfills which do not require air permits and may be eligible for LFG capture offset projects
• Currently 8 LFG projects listed or registered with CAR in FL
Map from CAR: http://www.climateactionreserve.org/how/projects/
Map from CAR: http://www.climateactionreserve.org/how/projects/
L: Landfill gas captureL: Livestock gas captureF: ForestryO: Organic waste digestionO: Ozone depleting substancesC: Coal mine methaneN: Nitric acid
Listed and Registered Offset Projects with CAR
LFG Capture – Applicability to Florida• Inventory of potentially eligible landfills
in Florida illustrates that there may be some applicability of this offset project type in Florida
• Simpler, less detailed requirements could be easier to comply with but may be inconsistent
• Complex ones more accountable• Varying levels of complexity and
requirements may be more suitable for Florida
More Information• Kelly Stevens
[email protected](850) 921 – 9550
• Electric Utility GHG Reduction page http://www.dep.state.fl.us/air/rules/ghg/electric.htm