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OLED元件操作壽命之提昇
林政賢
Outline
• Introduction
• OLED display and Lighting
• PM and AM Driving
• OLED Fabrication
• Device Physics
• Passivation Layer
• Tandem OLED
• Introduction
• OLED display and Lighting
• PM and AM Driving
• OLED Fabrication
• Device Physics
• Passivation Layer
• Tandem OLED
Outline
Band Diagram of OLED
OLED 優點與缺點
• 自發光,不需要背光模組 • 高亮度• 響應時間短 (< 2 μs) • 高對比 • 廣視角 ( 接近 180o) • 重量輕、厚度薄 • 構造簡單,低成本 • 可撓性 ( 塑膠基底 ) • 可全彩化
• 壽命短• 高驅動電壓• 光譜寬
優 點 缺 點
Outline
• Introduction
• OLED display and Lighting
• PM and AM Driving
• OLED Fabrication
• Device Physics
• Passivation Layer
• Tandem OLED
OLED Display
Sony
11 inch, XEL-1
3mm thickness
OLED Lighting
OLED
LED
Outline
• Introduction
• OLED display and Lighting
• PM and AM Driving
• OLED Fabrication
• Device Physics
• Passivation Layer
• Tandem OLED
Passive Matrix Driving
Active Matrix Driving
Scan line
Dat
a li
ne
Active Matrix Driving
Cross Section of Bottom Emitting AMOLED
Cross Section of Top Emitting AMOLED
Passive Matrix (PM)
Active Matrix (AM)
Easy-fabrication and Low-cost
High power consumption and Short lifetime
Suitable for large size and Long lifetime
The thin-film transistor decreases the aperture ratio
Advantages
Advantages
Disadvantages
Disadvantages
Outline
• Introduction
• OLED display and Lighting
• PM and AM Driving
• OLED Fabrication
• Device Physics
• Passivation Layer
• Tandem OLED
Process of OLED
Substrate
Pillar PillarPillar Pillar
ITO
Negative PR
Proximity Aligner (broad band)hv
Negative Resist Coating
SEM Profile
Full Color Capability
Patterned Lateral RGB Emitters
Fine Pitch Shadow Mask requirements:– Resolution– Undercut angle– Surface roughness– Holding mechanism– Thermal stability
Physical Vapor Deposition
距離遠,材料易浪費
Ink Jet Printing (IJP)
Laser Induced Thermal Imaging (LITI)
Laser-induced Pattern-wise Sublimation (LIPS)
整體圖
Outline
• Introduction
• OLED display and Lighting
• PM and AM Driving
• OLED Fabrication
• Device Physics
• Passivation Layer
• Tandem OLED
Singlet and Triplet Exciton
hv
Singlet ground state
Singlet excited state
Triplet excited state
: Spin up
: Spin down
Spin Angular Momentum Vector of Electron with Different Spin States
ħ/2 ħ 3 / 2
Z
ħ/2ħ 3 / 2
Z
Coupling of Spin Angular Momenta of Two electrons
θ1 θ0 θ-1Σ
1/4 3/4
Z
Singlet Triplet
Energy Transfer
Phosphorescent OLED
Ref. : M. A. Baldo et al., APL, 75, 4, 1999
OLED Device Structure
Outline
• Introduction
• OLED display and Lighting
• PM and AM Driving
• OLED Fabrication
• Device Physics
• Passivation Layer
• Tandem OLED
Bottom Emission OLED
Barix Layer
Al2O3
polyacyrlate
使水氣不易進入
Barix Layer
Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD)
Al(CH3)3 (g) + :Si-O-H (s) → :Si-O-Al(CH3)2 (s) + CH4
Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD)
OH 取代 CH3
2H2O (g) + :Si-O-Al(CH3)2 (s) → :Si-O-Al(OH)2 (s) + 2CH4
AlOx with ALD
aa
bb
cc
No passivation
ALD passivation
Glass lid encap
Outline
• Introduction
• OLED display and Lighting
• PM and AM Driving
• OLED Fabrication
• Device Physics
• Passivation Layer
• Tandem OLED
Stacked OLED
Stacked OLED
Stacked OLED