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STUDIO AIRJOURNAL

ong simnan | 731491 | semester 1 /2015TUTOR: SONYA

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

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ContentsINTRODUCTION about mepast experiences

PART A a.1 Design ComputationA.2 Composition/GenerationA.3 ConclusionA.4 Learning OutcomesA.5 Appendix

PART BPART C LAST PAGE 24

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My name is Ong Sim Nan. I am 22 years old this year. I was born and raised in Malaysia of Chinese descent. I am currently embarking on my third year studying at University of Melbourne. I am studying in Bachelor of Environment and majoring in Architecture. Yet this is my first semester to study in the university because I entered as an exchange student with my Year 1 & Year 2 done in Malaysia. I am interested in the field of arts since I was at very young age. I spend most of my free time on exposing arts and crafts since young. Besides, traveling has also been giving me so much pleasure in my life. I meet the experience of new cultures, different history, scenery, food which I think is really would let me discover who I am in a way that only the road brings. Also, there are always some touristic spots even I don’t want to miss in every town especially historical buildings or iconic building. Thus, I think my love for arts and traveling has bring me to a world of Architecture.

The pictures were taken at Wat Arun Temple, Bangkok on September, 2014.

ABOUT ME

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Throughout my two and a half year studying Architecture in Malaysia, I have learnt a range of architectural tools. I used 3D Max for first year of my study while I have learnt a lot about SketchUp in my second year. Other than that, AutoCAD, Adobe Suits like Illustrator and Photoshop have assisted me to produce my projects too. Thing that makes me excited is that I am introduced to new digital modeling program in this semester which is ‘rhino’ modeling which I was just started to get familiar with. I look forward the challenge of mastering the skills of digital design when exploring ‘rhino’. I believe that it would be an essential tool for me to learn as I could create structure or design which would barely to draw using hand-sketching.

PAST EXPERIENCES

Perspective views of my previous projects done in Year 2.Project: Proposed Hybrid Club House in Danga Bay, Johor.

Perspective views of my previous projects done in Year 2.Project: Proposed Hybrid Club House in Danga Bay, Johor.

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PART A

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a.1DESIGN FUTURING

Clearly defining what we meant by design was a good way to begin. What is design? Design is not just specifying. Far from it, it’s creating. What makes it distinct from art, science, or engineering? From the reading of Design Futuring by Tony Fry, design has to be understood anthropologically. It names our ability to prefigure what we create before the act of creation at the same time define fundamental characteristic that makes us human.

The book says, “nature alone cannot sustain us, we are too many, we done ecological damage and we have become too dependent upon the artificial worlds that we destroyed.’’ Hence, an ethical practice, like changing thinking must be acknowledged by us because we could possibly secure a future by design.

In order to have a future, we have to understand the importance of sustainable design and its effects towards mother earth. “Without sustainability, neither, we nor have a future.” Design Futuring argues that ethical, political, social and ecological concerns now require a new type of practice.

Theatrical robots. 3D printers that churn out cells. While these technologies are paving new paths for design practices, it is possible for us to increase the variation of the creation of design. Besides, to visible the pace to reach sustainable architecture, there are various of applications and materials are significant to be realized by the designer.

“forgot design as a territory and practice that can be laid claim to, stop talking to yourselves, give up on repackagin design within, start talking to people, other disciplines, broaden your gaze, engage complexity of design as a world-shaping force.”

In conclusion, architects and designers need to not only design for themselves, but for the future, people and our mother earth.

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I am always impressed by Green Architecture surrounding. Living in a time when the mother earth is suffering from uncountable environmental issues, I believe encouraging the application of green building practices could make a lot of difference. Buildings that built with eco friendly techniques would have lesser environmental impact compare to a normal one. Selecting green materials has always been holding the majority part of it reason being it could lead to infinity of long term energy saving of a living space. There are also many sustainable ways to adopt in a building for example placement of the building on the land, grey water system and others.

If I were to talk about a green building, I would pick the 18 ‘super tree’’ at Gardens by the Bay where located at the heart of Singapore. It is the largest gardens in Singapore. I have been to the Garden once and I was totally impressed by the how eco-friendly it is. They have the man-made mechanical forest which consists of 18 ‘super trees’ that act as vertical gardens. Like trees, they provide shades. They generate solar power at the sometime,also, used as air venting ducts for nearby conservatories. Furthermore, they collect rainwater for water system. To provides lighting or generate other energy within the conservatories,11 of the ‘super trees’ are fitted with solar photovoltaic systems that convert sunlight into energy. Wtith the contemporary approach and interesting design of ‘supertrees’ which looks like a real giant trees with range in height from 25 to 50 metres ,I personally think that it has directly appealed to the world that we do need more green on earth.

FAVOURITE

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The 18 ‘super trees’ are made of four main part which are trunk, planting panels, reinforcement concrete core, and canopy that made it a parametric design.

18 ‘super trees’ just like an iconic garden in Singapore, they even have canopies from one ‘tree’ to another.

Daytime view of 18 ‘super trees’.

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I am interested in parametric design, it is exciting when other building is still remain in strict boundaries according to the geometry form while it is mischievously different from others. By this, it could attract majority of attention from the city and people. One of the positive side of parametric design is that it will never said to imitate from other buildings because it has always been allowing us to expose to different style regardless of shape, form or pattern. In addition, I have always prefer building form could be developed freely and today parametric design allows us to do so, why not to have a try on it?

18 ‘super tree’’ at Gardens by the Bay was said to design parametically. The cool dry conservatory was more challenging due to its asymmetry. An artificial mountain was envisaged in order to achieve the effect of highland experience and it has indirectly adopted parametric design. The envelope was then formed tall and vertical meaning the grid shell arch combination worked particularly well. The final form combined two different structural systems which are grids hell and radiating arches. The design incorporates a complex configuration of contraction/expansion between the variation in the arches and rotation in two axis adjustment details, enabling access to most of the glass roof area and keeping the cradles vertical at all times.

Cloud Forest is a man-made mountain inside a climate-controlled dome at ‘Garden By The Bay’, Singapore.

WHAT IS PARAMETRIC DESIGN?‘There is no precise definition and there are other related terms and synonyms: generative, computational, digital, computer aided, associative. Basically it’s far more sophisticated than using computer instead of drawing board.’

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One of the point which I would like to emphasis on is the north surface of the conservatories is exposed to low wind loads, it does not required the support/enhancement from the arches, which allowing the arches to lean forward (away from the glass facade) from the hyperbolic apex down to the ground. As such, although parametric style was adopted on a building, the consideration and analysis on the site has never been neglected as to maximize the sustainability of a particular building. At the same time, parametric design could interact with the surroundings to improve the sustainability of the building. Moreover, the angle for each shading panel of a building are settled in the most proper location due to the parameter programming in a digital way.

I have never tried to design an extreme organic form of building sculpture before. Throughout my two years of study, I was limited to expose to more complex design reason being I have always think that I could not really get an accurate angle or dimension when it comes to measurement and calculation. Instead, I was told that with a range of software and technology tools, we could actually select the proper material easily which could perform well in most of the circumstance when producing parametric. It is like a solution to get rid of a box. I would definitely give it a try!

Interior asymmetry view Cloud Forest.

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The purpose of the dome is to pursue to render the surrounding thermodynamic and climate processes. The initial geometry is first deformed and adapted seeking to minimize the incident solar radiation in the summer, and to maximize it in winter.

The algorithm of the pavilion was designed in only 2 months, prefabricated in 5 days and assembled in 4 days. Yet, the components of the pavilion are all different but share the same formal, constructive and material.

I was amazed by the chipboard podium on which it stands actually use to serves as a reservoir for air that is channeled inside through a series of perforations in the floor every time the wind blow. Purpose of this is to cooler down the temperature inside the dome.

Digital fabrication has the ability to bridge the gap between raw material, post-production, designer and end user.

The pavilion is thus made out of 20 triangular components, each fabricated with CNC machines and then folded together into a textile igloo.

Parametric design allows the possibility of working with geometric complexity and variability. At the same time, the mathematical logic that organizes such variability allows, with digital fabrication tools, to share prefabrication strategies and pick up the pace of communication processes (machine design) and production and construction processes.

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The pavilion could be used as a room for gathering, celebration, exhibition, performance, workshops, fabrication, partying or anything else the community would like to.

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FAB CONDENSERArchitects: MARGEN-LABLocation: Barcelona, Spain

How can we capture the vastness of the world into one room? The Endesa World Fab Condenser attempts to provide that space. ENDESA WORLD FAB CONDENSER is a thermodynamic prototype, or they it was called as a bioclimatic dome, now installed in Glorias Square in Barcelona. It is a pavilion that would serve as landmark.

This lab explores connections between parametric design and passive climate strategies. The materials of building the lab are renewable and have an organic origin which included wood, linen and materials grown with the sun. All part of the materials are manufactured locally in the industries and fabrication laboratories from Barcelona and vicinity, which directly enforce the practice of green building.

The project then becomes the design of the entire projected life cycle of the product. Hence, the main theory of the construction is that the assembly process is fully reversible. Wood and fabrics are easily removable and easily reusable or recyclable. Which also means, the built bioclimatic dome could be torn down anytime if needed and would not create harms and useless waste material to the city.

To expand future possibilities, space or dome with parametric design like this can be built in many other areas where have four season of climate. With the multipurpose of the space in a public, I think it would continue being appreciated by every generations. It encourages people to stay outdoor during the summer; while enjoy outdoor comfortably during winter. I think it is a smart way to customize a bioclimatic dome in a city that would like to attract crowd in long-term.

I think the people has been using the pavilion for its original purposes perfectly which positively reflects on the production of the building.

Bioclimate dome at Glorias Square in Barcelona.

Thermal Performance of the dome.Environmental parametric process to create form.

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The pavilion was temporary being installed at the Millennium Park in 2009. It acts as an urban scale and about welcoming the future with innovative ideas and technologies.

Parametric design and construction technology have enhanced the organic and unique structure of the pavilion. Hadid’s pavilion is a tensioned fabric shell fitted over a curving aluminum and with contain beyond 7,000 pieces of framework. Although the frame is composed of 7,000 individually bent pieces, every single of each is different from another. The shell is made up of merely 24 custom-made panels of fabric.

It is about reinvention and improvement on an urban scale and about welcoming the future with innovative ideas and technologies. The design continues Chicago’s renowned tradition of cutting edge architecture and engineering, at the scale of a temporary pavilion, whilst referencing the organizational systems of Burnham’s Plan. The structure is aligned with a diagonal in Burnham’s early 20th Century Plan of Chicago. Hadid then overlay fabric using contemporary 21st Century techniques to generate the fluid, organic form – while the structure is always articulated through the tensioned fabric as a reminder of Burnham’s original ideas.

“Fabric is both a traditional and a high-tech material whose form is directly related to the forces applied to it – creating beautiful geometries that are never arbitrary. I find this very exciting.”

- Zaha Hadid

This pavilion resembles a conch shell with openings like shark’s mouths.

“By using methods of overlaying, complexity is built up and inscribed in the structure,” explained Hadid.

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the Burnham Plan Architects: zaha hadidLocation: Chicago

One of the pavilion that I am impressed with is the Burnham Plan Pavilions designed by Zaha Hadid. This pavilions emphasize bettering the future, which echo the ideals of the 1909 Burnham Plan to maintain the Millenium Park’s tradition of displaying dynamic public art.

Hadid’s pavilion extends the drawn line of one of the diagonals as if that street ran through the Millennium Park because he was Inspired by Chicago’s diagonal city streets. That line, taken from the Burnham’s drawings, creates the structural ribs and openings in the roof. The architect utilize curvilinear formal geometries created from state-of-the-art fabric technologies at the sometime brought out the character of parametric design.

The outer and inner shells of Hadid’s pavilion are made of tensioned fabric stretched tightly over the curved aluminum framework which also says the materials use for the construction is recyclable. There are also a media installation to play on the projects films that reflect Chicago’s transformation on the fabric through the day. Hence, majority of visitor would attract by sound or crowd to have a look into the pavilion.

The main function of the space is to invites people to gather, walk around and through and to explore and observe. The pavilion is sculptural, but highly accessible so it also functions as a shelter.

I think the shelter would continue being appreciated because The Burnham Plan Centennial is all about remembering the bold plans and big dreams of Daniel Burnham’s visionary Plan of Chicago. As the structure is expressed through the tensioned fabric, it reminds of Burnham’s original ideas.

The pavilion is made of aluminum to form the parametric design, while the steels were donated by an industries. The pavilion is attractive by daylight, but the use of sunlight limits the multimedia duality to sunset.

The pavilion’s inner walls are to serve as projection surfaces for a film about Chicago by Gray. It has combination of naturalistic forms and alien shapes, plus a dazzling video installation. Upon the end of the temporary exhibition, the pavilion has been moved to the city to lend or rent out to other cities. It is not designed to withstand snow loads of winter in Chicago.

It accommodates a centennial-themed, audio and video presentation on its interior fabric walls.

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LAST PAGEMUST BE BLANK(Trade books only)

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