ONM DPR Part 1234... · Web viewg]kfnsf] ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s ljsf;sf] nflu dxTjk"0f{ ;fwgsf] ?kdf /x]sf] jg:klt ;|f]t÷h8La'6L ;|f]t hghLljsfsf] k|d'v cfwf/:tDesf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5

jg:klt ljefusf] k|f/lDes ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0f k|

ltj]bg@)&!

g]kfn ;/sf/jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno

l;+xb/af/

k|fSsyg

g]kfnsf] ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s ljsf;sf] nflu dxTjk"0f{ ;fwgsf] ?kdf /x]sf] jg:klt ;|f]t÷h8La'6L ;|f]t hghLljsfsf] k|d'v cfwf/:tDesf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5 . jg:klt ;|f]tsf]] ;+/If0f, ;Dj¢{g / lbuf] pkof]un] g]kfnsf] ul/aL Go"gLs/0fdf 6]jf k'Ug uPsf] 5 . /fli6«o ljsf;sf] cfwf/sf] ?kdf /x]sf] jg:klt >f]t÷h8La'6L ;|f]tsf] rf]/L t:s/L, cltqmd0f, cToflws bf]xgsf ;fy} hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf gsf/fTds c;/ h:tf ljleGg lsl;dsf c;xh kl/l:yltsf] ;fdgf ug'{ k/]sf] jt{dfg kl/k]|Ifdf jg:klt ljefusf] ljBdfg ;+u7g ;+/rgfdf cfjZos ;'wf/ u/L ;d;fdlos agfpg' kg]{ / ;f] sf] dfWodaf6 jg:klt k|hfltx?sf] clen]vLs/0f, ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g / ljsf;sf ;fy} jg:klt tyf h8Lj'6L ;Dkbfsf] ;b'kof]u dfkm{t :yfgLo :t/df /f]huf/L ;[hgf u/L jg ;Dkbfdfly cfl>t hg;d'bfosf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/ ug'{sf ;fy} jg / jg:klt If]qdf ;'zf;g sfod u/fpg'kg]{ cfjZostf ;d]t af]w u/L g]kfn ;/sf/ -;lrj:t/_ sf] ldlt @)&! . . sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ jg:klt ljefusf] ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;e]{If0f u/L k|ltj]bg k]z ug{ sfo{bn u7g ul/Psf] lyof] .

sfo{bnn] ljutdf tof/ ePsf] ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0f k|ltj]bgnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL To;af6 l;h{gf ePsf] ;+u7g ;+/rgfaf6 sfo{If]qdf k/]sf sl7gfO{x? s]nfpFb} ljBdfg ;+/rgfnfO{ pko'Qm cfwf/df Nofpg] k|of; u/]sf] 5 . jg:klt ;|f]t cWoog cg';Gwfg, ;+/If0f / ;b'kof]usf] If]qdf lj:tf/ x'Fb} uPsf] sfo{If]q, cGt//fli6«o d~rdf JoQm ePsf k|lta4tfx?nfO{ sfo{?kdf ptfg{ cfjZos kg]{ ;+/rgf / hgzlQmnfO{ Wofg lb+b} k|:t't k|ltj]bg tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . sfo{bnn] k|:t't k|ltj]bg tof/ kfg{ ;xeflutf d'ns ljlw cjnDjg u/L jg:klt ljefusf dxfzfvf k|d'vx?, s]lGb|o sfof{nosf k|d'v, zfvf k|d'v, ljefudf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx? / cGt/utsf sfof{nox?, jg:klt lj1x? / ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;Fu Jofks cGtlqmof u/L of] k|ltj]bg o; ?kdf k|:t't ePsf] 5 .

dfggLo jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqLHo"af6 ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0fsf] ;fd"lxs 5nkmndf ;xeflutf eO{ pRr k|]/0ff lbg' ePsf]df sfo{bnsf] tkm{af6 xflb{s cfef/ JoQm ub{5f}+ . jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfnosf ;lrj >L z/b rGb| kf}8]nHo"jf6 k|fKt pRr k|]/0ffn] of] k|ltj]bg tof/ ePsf] 5 , t;y{ jxfF k|lt xflb{s cfef/ JoQm ub{5f}+ . pkdxflgb]{zs, s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf k|d'vx?, zfvf k|d'vx? ;fy} ljefudf sfo{/t sd{rf/Laf6 k|fKt of]ubfgsf nflu xflb{s wGojfb JoQm ub}{ cy{ dGqfno / ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnoaf6 sfo{bndf /xg] k|ltlglwx? cd"No of]ubfgsf nflu pxfFx? k|z+;fsf] kfq x'g'x'G5 .

wGojfb ======

=====================

ljifo ;"rL

efu ! !=! k[i7e"ld======================================================================================================= !=@ sfo{bnsf] kl/ro ====================================================================================== !=# cWoogsf] cf}lrTo ======================================================================================= !=$ cWoog ljlw / l;df=====================================================================================efu @ @=! jg:klt ljefusf] k[i7e"dL============================================================================= @=@ ljBdfg ;f+u7lgs 9fFrf================================================================================ @=# ljBdfg jg:klt ljefu / cGtu{t sfof{nox?sf] b/aGbL ljj/0f -@)&)_=============== @=$ ljBdfg ;+/rgf / b/aGbL ;DaGwL ;d:ofx?====================================================efu # #=! sfo{qmdsf] ljZn]if0f====================================================================================== #=@ sfo{af]em tyf sfo{k4ltsf] ljZn]if0f================================================================ #=# pknAw dfgj ;|f]tsf] cf+sng / ljlQo nfut ljZn]if0f====================================== #=$ kl/jt{gsf] cf}lrTotf=======================================================================

=============efu $ $=! jg:klt ljefusf] k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs 9fFrf @)&!============================================ $=@ /fli6«o xa]{l/od tyf jg:klt pBfg s]Gb|sf] k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs 9fFrf @)&!======== $=# lhNnf sfof{nox?sf] k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs 9fFrf @)&!======================================== $=$ hl8a'6L tyf u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ cg';Gwfg s]Gb|x?sf]

k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs 9fFrf @)&! =======================================================================================================

$=% jg:klt pBfgx?sf] k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs 9fFrf @)&! ======================================= $=^ jg:klt ljefusf] k|:tfljt ;+u7g, dxfzfvf tyf dftxtsf lgsfox?sf]

sfo{ljj/0f=================================================================================================

efu % %=! ;+u7g kl/jt{jf6 x'g] ck]lIft pknlJwx?========================================================= %=@ efjL lbzf===================================================================================================cg';"rLx? ! jg:klt ljefusf] k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs 9fFrf @)&!============================================ @ /fli6«o xa]{l/od tyf jg:klt pBfg s]Gb|sf] k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs 9fFrf @)&!======== # lhNnf sfof{nox?sf] k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs 9fFrf @)&!========================================

$ hl8a'6L tyf u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ cg';Gwfg s]Gb|x?sf] k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs 9fFrf @)&! =======================================================================================================

% jg:klt pBfgx?sf] k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs 9fFrf @)&! =======================================

^ dxfzfvf, zfvf tyf OsfOx?sf] sfo{ljj/0fsf] ;"rsf+s====================================== & jg:klt ljefusf] k|:tfljt b/jGbL t]l/h============================================================ * /fli6«o xa]{l/od tyf jg:klt pBfg s]Gb|sf] b/jGbL t]l/h ==================================== ( lhNnf sfof{nox?sf] k|:tfljt b/jGbL t]l/h =======================================================

!) hl8a'6L tyf u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ cg';Gwfg s]Gb|x?sf] k|:tfljt b/jGbL t]l/h=========

!! jg:klt pBfgx?sf] k|:tfljt b/jGbL t]l/h ======================================================= !@ jg gLlt @)&! !# jg:klt ;|f]tsf] sfg"g lgdf{0fsf] ;}4flGts ;xdltsf] kq !$ hl8a'6L Pjd u}x| sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ ljsf; gLlt @)^! !% /fli6«o cGt//fli6«o ;Demf}tfx?

efu ! kl/rofTds v08

!=! k[i7e"ldMg]kfnsf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s ljsf;df jg:klt / h8Lj'6L If]qsf] dxTjk"0f{ :yfg /xL cfPs]f 5 . jg:klt ;|f]tsf]] ;+/If0f, ;Dj¢{g / lbuf] pkof]un] g]kfnsf] ul/aL Go"gLs/0fdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg'sf ;fy} /fli6««o / cGt/f{li6«o rf;f]sf] ?kdf /x]sf] h8Lj'6Ln] k|z:t cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs If]qdf dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg k'–ofpg ;Sb5 .o;/L /fi6«sf] ljsf;sf] dxTjk"0f{ cfwf/sf] ?kdf /x]sf] jg:klt tyf h8Lj'6L ;Dkbf dfly ljut bzs b]lv rf}tkmL{ ?kdf bafa l;h{gf x'Fb} cfPs]f 5 . a9\bf] hg;+Vof, cJojl:yt ;+sng tyf Jofkf/n] jg:kltsf] If]qdf cltqmd0f a9\b} uPsf] 5 . kmn:j?k jg:kltx? cfˆgf] jf;:yfgjf6 nf]k eO /fv]]sf 5g\ ;fy} ;+s6df k/]sf 5g\ . jg If]qsf] cltqmd0f, jg k}bfjf/sf] rf]/L lgsf;L, cj}w Jofkf/ tyf hnjfo" kl/jt{gn] jg:klt ;+/If0fdf ;d:of ylk+b} uPsf 5g\ . jg:klt ;+/If0f, ;Da¢{g / lbuf] pkof]usf If]qsf lo ljleGg ;d:of Pj+ r'gf}ltx?sf] ;fdgf ub}{ jg:kltx?sf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg, clen]lvs/0f, jg:klt ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f, hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] hf]lvdsf] Go"lgs/0f Pj+ cg's"ng;Fu ;DalGwt sfo{qmdsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug{ ljBdfg jg:klt ;+u7gsf] ;+/rgf kof{Kt b]lv+b}g . o; kl/k|]Ifdf jgsf] ;+/If0f, ;Da4{g / lbuf] pkof]usf] nflu ;Ifd, k|efjsf/L tyf glthfd"ns ;fË7lgs ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ug{ jg tyf e";+/If0f dGqfnosf] ;+u7g ;+/rgfsf] lj:t[t ;j{]If0f tyf cWoog @)&! ;d]t eO sfof{Gjogdf cfO;s]sf] 5 . jg:klt ljefusf] klg ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0f,@)&! sf] cWoog ug'{ kg]{ cfjZostf ePsf] 5 .

!=@ sfo{bnsf] kl/ro M

1

jg:klt ljefun] ljBdfg ;+u7g ;+/rgfdf ;d;fdoLs ;'wf/sf] cfjZostf af]w u/L g]kfn ;/sf/, jg tyf e" ;+/If0f dGqfno -;lrj:t/_ sf] ldlt @)&!.!!. sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ tkl;n adf]lhdsf] sfo{ bnsf] u7g ul/ ^) lbg leq k|ltj]bg k]z ug{ lhDd]jf/L k|bfg ePsf] lyof] . sfo{bn u7g

1= ;+of]hs– >L ls/0f /fh zdf{, ;x ;lrj, jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno

2= ;b:o – >L od jxfb'/ yfkf, dxflgb]{zs, jg:klt ljefu3= ;b:o – >L ;'idf pkfWofo,pk dxflgb]{zs, jg:klt ljefu4= ;b:o – >L ;GhLj s'df/ /fO{,/f=k=k|= k|f=, jg tyf e"–;

+/If0f dGqfno 5= ;b:o– >L s]bf/ kg]?,pk;lrj, cy{ dGqfno6= ;b:o – >L tLy{ k|sfz kf}8]n,pk;lrj, ;fdfGo k|zf;g

dGqfno 7= ;b:o– >L lr/~hLjL zdf{, pk ;lrj, jg tyf e"–;+/If0f

dGqfno 8= ;b:o– >L /d]z j:g]t pk ;lrj -k|f=_, jg:klt ljefu 9= ;b:o– >L lbks nfld5fg]] pk ;lrj -k|f=_, jg:klt ljefu 10= ;b:o ;lrj– >L hLjgrGb| /fO{, zfvf clws[t, jg tyf e"

;+/If0f dGqfnocfdGqLt ;b:ox?

1= >L lji0f' k|;fb ;'j]bL, zfvf clws[t ,jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno

2= >L /]g'sf lrqsf/, sDKo"6/ clws[t, jg tyf e" ;+/If0f dGqfno

3= >L lji0f' k|;fb lg/f}nf, n]vf clws[t , jg:klt ljefu

!=# cWoogsf] cf}lrTo Mjg:klt ;|f]tsf] klxrfg, cWoog, cg';Gwfg, clen]lvs/0f ug]{ sfo{ :yfkgf sfn b]lv g} jg:klt ljefun] ub}{ cfO/x]sf]] 5 . jg tyf e" ;+/If0f dGqfnosf] ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;e]{If0f -O&M Survey_ k|ltj]bg @)&! g]kfn ;/sf/jf6 :jLs[t eO{ sfof{Gjogdf ;d]t cfO{ ;s]sf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/jf6 jg gLlt @)&! ;d]t :jLs[t ePsf] / pQm gLltsf] b"/b[li6, nIo, p2]Zo, gLlt, /0fgLlt tyf sfo{gLltx?n] jg:klt Pjd\ h8Lj'6Lsf gljgtd k|j[lt / If]qx?nfO{ ;d]6]sf] 5 . jg gLlt @)&! df jg, jg:klt / h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f cleofg cufl8 a9fpg @)&!–*) nfO{

2

“jg bzs” 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 . " Ps 3/ Ps ?v, Ps ufp+ Ps h+un / Ps gu/ jx' pBfg" cGt{utsf] jg bzs sfo{qmdsf] sfof{Gjog sfo{ljlw, @)&! ldlt @)&!.&.!# df :jLs[lt eO{ sfo{fGjogdf cfPsf] 5 . pQm gLltn] h8La'6L / cGo u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/sf] ;+/If0f, pTkfbg / k|zf]wg, jg:kltsf] klxrfg / ;+s6df k/]sf jg:kltx?sf] cfg'j+lzs ;|f]tsf] :j:yfgLo / k/:yfgLo ?kdf ;+/If0f ug{ k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 . jg:klt / h8La'6Lsf] ;d'lrt ;+/If0f, ;Dj4{g / ;b'kof]u ub}{ /f]huf/L] l;h{gf / cfo j[l4 u/L ljkGg ju{sf] hLljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/, jg:kltdf kg]{ hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf gsf/fTds k|efj Go"gLs/0f tyf cg's"ngsf pkfo cjnDjg ug{ cWoog cg';Gwfgdf hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . Joj;foLs/0f x'g ;Sg] h8La'6L Pj+ u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ v]tLsf] k|ljlw ljsf; u/L jg If]q leq / aflx/ lj:tf/ ug]{ sfo{gLlt o; gLltdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . jg:klt;+u ;DjlGwt :yfgLo P+j k/Dk/fut 1fg, ;Lk / k|ljlwsf] pkof]u ug]{ /0fgLlt jg gLltn] cjnDjg u/]sf]5 . jg:kltsf] ;+/If0f, ljsf; / Joj:yfkgsf nflu cWoog cg';Gwfg u/L k|ljlwsf] ljsf; tyf pkof]u ul/g] sfo{gLlt cjnDjg ug{ jg gLltn] ;'emfPsf] 5 . h8La'6L Pj+ u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ v]tLdf lghL If]qnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{ cWoog cg';Gwfg u/L pko'St v]tL k|ljlwsf] ljsf; u/L x:tfGt/0f ug]{, h}ljs ;'/Iff / Jofkfl/s dxTjsf h8La'6LhGo jg:kltsf] u'0f:t/ ljZn]if0f, jg:klthGo :j:Yo (Phytosanitary), k|df0fLs/0f nufot Jofkf/ k|j4{gsf] nflu cfjZos k|of]uzfnfsf] :yfkgf / :t/f]Gglt ug'{ kg]{ bfloTj :jLs[t jg gLlt @)&! Jff6 ;[hgf ePsf] 5 . g]kfn kIf /fi6« ePsf cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw ;Demf}tfdf g]kfnsf] k|lta4tf cg';f/sf sfo{ ug{sf nflu cfjZos gLlt, sfg"g / sfo{qmx? th'{df u/L sfof{Gjog ul/g] 5 .

jg:klt ;|f]tsf] j}1flgs klxrfg, cWoog ,cg';Gwfg, ;j]{If0f tyf d"Nojfg jg:kltx?sf] v]tL tyf k|zf]wg k|ljlwsf] ljsf; ;fy} jg:klt pTkfbgsf] Jofkf/df ;xof]u tyf k|jå{g ;DjlGw sfo{x?sf] pknlJwx?nfO{ lgodg, Joj:yfkg tyf pkof]uL jgfpg g]kfn ;/sf/n] jg:klt ;|f]tsf] cg';Gwfg sfo{ljwL, @)&) :jLs[t u/L sfof{Gjogdf ;d]t cfO;s]sf] 5 . pQm sfo{ljlw cg';f/ jg:klt ljefu / lqe'jg ljZjljBfno ;fy} jg:klt ljefu / ;f]jf kmfdf{So"l6sN; o"lge{/l;6L hfkfg;+u ;Demf}tfkqdf x:tfIf/ eO ;s]sf] 5 .

h}ljs ljljwtf /0fgLlt tyf sfo{of]hgf -@)!$–@)@)_ tof/ eO{ sfof{Gjogdf cfPsf] 5 . b'n{e jGohGt' tyf jg:ktLsf] cGt//fli6«o Jofkf/ lgoGq0f ug]{ ;DaGwL ljw]os th'{dfsf] ;}4flGts ;xdlt ldlt @)&!.(.# df dlGqkl/ifbaf6 k|fKt eO{ ljw]os th'{dfsf] sfo{ eO{ /x]sf] 5 . jg:klt ;|f]t ljw]ossf] th'{dfsf] ;}4flGts ;xdlt ldlt @)&!.*.& df dlGqkl/ifbaf6 k|fKt eO{ ljw]os

3

th'{dfsf] sfo{ e}/x]sf] 5 . g]kfn h8La'6L Pj+ u}xsfi7 jg k}bfjf/ af]8{sf] :yfkgf ;DaGwL ljw]os lgdf{0f ug]{ ;DaGwdf tof/ u/LPsf] cjwf/0ff kq / gLltkq ;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/ -df=dGqL:t/_ sf] ldlt @)&!.%.$ sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ ;}4flGts ;xdltsf] nflu sfg"g, Gofo, ;+ljwfg;ef tyf ;+;bLo dfldnf dGqfnodf k7fOPsf] 5 .pNn]lvt ;Gbe{df jg:klt ljefusf] sfo{ If]q u'0ffTds / kl/df0ffTds ?kdf lj:tf/ x'g] lglZrt 5 . cGt/f{li6«o klxrfgsf nflu oxfFsf] hgzlQmsf] Ifdtf clej[l4 tyf j[lQ ljsf;sf] dfu{ k|z:t u/L 5l/tf] Pj+ glthfd"vL ;+u7g lgdf{0f ug'{ kg]{ cfjZoQmf 5 . ;f] sf] nflu @)%% ;fndf :yfkgf ePsf] jg:klt ljefusf] df}h'bf ;+u7g / b/jGbL ;+/rgfjf6 ck]lIft glthf k|fKt x'g g;Sg] ePsf]n] pko'Qm ;+u7g / b/jGbL ;+/rgf tof/ ug{ of] cWoog ul/Psf] 5 .!=$ cWoog ljlw / l;dfcWoog ljlwjg gLlt @)&! n] jg, jg:klt / h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f cleofg cufl8 a9fpg @)&!–*) nfO{ “jg bzs” 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 . pQm gLltn] h8La'6L / cGo u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/sf] ;+/If0f, pTkfbg / k|zf]wg, jg:kltsf] klxrfg / ;+s6df k/]sf jg:kltx?sf] cfg'j+lzs ;|f]tsf] :j:yfgLo / k/:yfgLo ?kdf ;+/If0f ug{ k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5 . gLltn] jg:kltdf kg]{ hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf gsf/fTds k|efj Go"gLs/0f tyf cg's"ngsf pkfo cjnDjg ug{ cWoog cg';Gwfgdf hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . Joj;foLs/0f x'g ;Sg] h8La'6L Pj+ u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ v]tLsf] k|ljlw ljsf; u/L jg If]q leq / aflx/ lj:tf/ ug]{ sfo{gLlt o; gLltdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . jg:klt;+u ;DjlGwt :yfgLo P+j k/Dk/fut 1fg, ;Lk / k|ljlwsf] pkof]u ug]{ /0fgLlt jg gLltn] cjnDjg u/]sf]5 . h8La'6L Pj+ u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ v]tLdf lghL If]qnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{ cWoog cg';Gwfg u/L pko'St v]tL k|ljlwsf] ljsf; u/L x:tfGt/0f ug]{, h}ljs ;'/Iff / Jofkfl/s dxTjsf h8La'6LhGo jg:kltsf] u'0f:t/ ljZn]if0f, jg:klthGo :j:Yo (Phytosanitary), k|df0fLs/0f nufot Jofkf/ k|j4{gsf] nflu cfjZos k|of]uzfnfsf] :yfkgf / :t/f]Gglt ug'{ kg]{ bfloTj :jLs[t jg gLlt @)&! Jff6 ;[hgf ePsf] 5 . dfly pNn]lvt ljifox? jg:klt ljefusf] sfo{ If]q leq kg]{ ePsf] / pk/f]Qm ljifox?nfO{ ;Djf]wg ug{sf] nflu k|:t't ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0f tof/ kfg]{ qmddf ;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqfnosf] ;+u7g / Joj:yfkg lgb]{lzsf @)^$ n] cf}NofPsf k|s[ofnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL o; ljefu sf] ;+u7g ;e]{If0f ul/Psf] 5 . ;+u7g / Joj:yfkg ;e]{If0fsf ljlw o; k|sf/ 5g\ M

4

ljBdfg ;f+u7lgs ;+/rgf, b/aGbL / dxfzfvf, s]lGb|o tyf lhNnf sfof{no, zfvf Pj+ ljleGg kbx?sf] sfo{ ljj/0fsf] cWoog tyf ljZn]if0f,

ljefu / cGtu{t sfof{nox? tyf cfof]hgfx?sf] sfo{qmdx?sf] cWoog / ljZn]if0f,

;/f]sf/jfnfx?;Fu 5nkmn, cGt/lqmof / ;f] af6 k|fKt k[i7kf]if0f,

jg gLlt @)&!, jg tyf e" ;+/If0f dGqfnosf] ;Ë7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j{]If0f ;DaGwL k|ltj]bg @)&!, h}ljs ljljwtf /0fgLlt tyf sfo{of]hgf -@)!$–@)@)_, hl8j'6L tyf u}x|sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ ljsf; gLlt, @)^!, jg:klt ;|f]tsf] cg';Gwfg sfo{ljlw @)&), jg tyf e" ;+/If0f dGqfno cGt/utsf cGo ljefux¿n] ;Dkfbg u/]sf ;Ë7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j{]If0f ;DaGwL k|ltj]bgx¿

lghfdtL sd{rf/Lx?sf] sfo{ ljj/0f tof/ ug]{ lgb]{lzsf, @)^& sf] cWoog, ljZn]if0f,

g]kfnsf] t]x|f}+ of]hgf -cf=j= @)&)÷&! – @)&@÷&#_, jflif{s sfo{qmd, Joj:yflksf ;+;bsf] k|fs[lts ;|f]t / ;fwg ;ldltsf] lgb]{zg / ;'emfj ,

xfnsf] cj:yfdf jg:klt ljefun] ;Dkfbg ug'{kg]{ sfo{x? / ;f] sf] sfo{af]emsf] ljZn]if0f,

h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f, Joj:yfkg tyf ;b'kof]u nufot cGo jftfj/0fLo :f+/If0fsf nflu g]kfnn] kIf /fi6«sf] x}l;otn] cGt/f{li6«o hut ;dIf k|ltj4tf hgfPsf ljleGg ;lGw, cg'aGw, k|lt1fkqx¿ tyf ljleGg ;dembf/Lx¿sf] cWoog tyf ljZn]if0f ,

cGo ;Gbe{ ;fdu|Lx?sf] cWoog

;Ldfx? M/fHo k'g;{+/rgfsf] k|f?k cg';f/ d'n's ;+3Lotfdf hfFbf klg ;du| jg:klt ;|f]tsf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg, clen]lvs/0f / lbuf] pkof]usf] nflu ;+3Lotf cg's"n g} x'g] u/L jg:klt pBfgx?, xj{n kmfd{ tyf hl8j'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|x?nfO{ k|:t't ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0fdf ;d]l6Psf] 5 .

5

efu @ljBdfg ;f+u7lgs 9fFrf, b/jGbLsf]

cj:yf / ;d:ofx?@=! jg:klt ljefusf] k[i7e"dLg]kfndf ljBdfg h8La'6L Pj+ u}/ sfi7 jg k}bfj/x?sf] ;+sng / Aofkf/ k|jw{g Pj+ v]tL ljsf; p2]Zo lnO{ lj=;+=!(($ df jg:klt kmfF6sf] ?kdf sfo{ z'? e} lj=;+= @)!^ df jg:klt ljefusf] :yfkgf

6

ePsf] xf] . tt\kZrft b]zdf pknAw jg:klt ;Dkbfx?sf] klxrfg tTsfnLg gofF of]hgf cg';f/ zfxL jg:klt pBfg, ;e]{ tyf xj]{l/od, zfxL cf}ifwL cg';Gwfgzfnf, h8La'6L Aofkf/ s]Gb| :yfkgf gLlt lnOof] . kmn:j?k pBfgsf] ;d'b\3f6g eof] . @)!( ;fndf g} b]zsf ljleGg If]qdf h8La'6L pBfgsf] :yfkgf ul/ h8La'6L ;+/If0f tyf v]tL ljsf; sfo{sf] yfngL ul/of] . ;fy} jg:klt ;Dkbfsf] tYof+s ;+sng sfo{sf] nflu ljleGg sfof{nox? / jg:klts ;e]{If0f tyf k|of]uzfnfsf] klg :yfkgf ul/ tt\ ;DaGwL sfo{x?sf] z'?jft ul/of] . o;} qmddf cf}ifwL cg';Gwfgsf] If]qdf 6]jf k'/\ofpg] p2]Zon] @)@! ;fndf >L % dx]Gb| aL/ ljqmd zfx b]j ;/sf/af6 zfxL cf}ifwL cg';Gwfzfnfsf] ;d'b\3f6g ul/aS:of] .ljefusf] lqmofsnfkaf6 ljsl;t k|ljlwnfO{ ;b'kof]u ug{ @)!% ;fndf >L % /Tg /fHo nIdL b]jL zfx ;/sf/af6 o;} ljefu cGtu{t cf}ifwL pTkfbg zfvfsf] ;d'b\3f6g eof] . of] zfvf qmlds ?kdf ljsl;t eO{ cf}ifwL pTkfbgsf] If]qdf @)@( ;fndf zfxL cf}ifwL lnld6]8sf] ?kdf kl/0ft eof] . @)#& ;fndf o; ljefusf] pknAwL d'ns v]tL k|ljwL / k|zf]wg k|ljwLx?nfO{ ;d]6L h8La'6L pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg sDklgsf] :yfkgf ul/of] .cf}ifwL cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf;sf] nflu cf]ifwLx?sf] u'0f lgoGq0f / Aoj:yfkg If]qnfO{ ;d]6L sfo{ ug{ @)#% ;fndf cf}ifwL P]gsf] th'{df u/L o; P]gåf/f lglb{i6 Aoj:yfkgsf] lgldQ @)#^ ;fndf cf}ifwL Aoj:yf ljefusf] :yfkgf eof] . @)$% ;fndf jg dGqfno cGut{tsf ljefux?sf] lqmofsnfk / lhDd]jf/LnfO{ ;'b[9 ug]{ p2]Zon] jg / jg:klt b'j}sf] cg';Gwfg sfo{ Ps} ynf]df ug{ jg cg';Gwfg tyf ;e]{If0f s]Gb|nfO{ jg:klt ljefudf ufeL jg tyf jg:klt cg';Gwfg ljefusf] ?kdf gfdfs/0f ul/of] . /fli6«o xj]{l/od nfO{ k|of]uzfnfsf sfof{x? ;d]t ;d]6\g] u/L /fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt k|of]uzfnfsf] ?kdf :yfkgf ul/of] . k'gM @)%) ;fndf k|zf;g ;'wf/ cfof]un] lbPsf] ;+/rgf ;'wf/sf] dfu{ bz{g cg';f/ o; ljefusf] p2]Zo oyfjt /fvL ljefu cGtu{tsf ;a} sfof{nox? x6fO[ jg:klt ljefusf] (Department of plant resources) gofF ;+u7g agfOof] . jg:klt ljefu / jg ;e]{If0f tyf cg';Gwfg ljefu lj=;+= @)$% ;fndf ;dfof]hg eO{ lj=;+= @)%) ;fndf k'gM 5'l§Psf] lyof] . 7Ls ;f]xL ;dodf cf}ifwL Aoj:yfkgsf] nflu ljZn]if0f ug{ tTsflng k|of]uzfnf zfxL cf}ifwL cg';Gwfgzfnfsf] u'0f

7

lgoGqs zfvf (Quality control section) tyf To;df sfo{/t k|fljlws sd{rf/L ;lxt @)%) ;fndf zfxL cf}ifwL cg';Gwfgzfnfsf] gfdn] cf}ifwL Aoj:yf ljefunfO{ x:tfGt/0f ul/of] . tTkZrft ljefusf] /f;folgs k|of]uzfnf k|fs[lts ;Dkbf cg';Gwfgzfnfdf kl/0ft eof] . ljleGg If]qdf /x]sf jg:klt ljefu cGtu{t sfof{nosf -t/x/f–;'g;/L, sf]Onfjf; –bfª, dl0fr'8, sf7df08f}+, g]kfnu~h–afFs], dx]Gb|gu/–s+rgk'/_ ef}lts k'jf{wf/x? h8La'6L pTkfbg tyf k|zf]wg sDkgLnfO{ x:tfGt/0f ul/of] . @)%) ;fnsf] ;+fu7lgs ;+/rgf cg';f/sf] yk p2]Zo kl/k'lt{sf nflu ;dofg's'n cfjZos kl/dfh{g ug'{kg]{ b]lvPsf]n] k'gM @)%^ / @)%& ;fndf ;+fu7lgs ;+/rgfdf kl/jt{g u/L xfn;Dd ;f]lx cg'?k sfo{ ;+rfng e}/x]sf] 5 . jg:klt ljefun] g]kfn leq kfOg] jg:klt / jg:klt >f]tx?sf] cWoog, klxrfg, cg';Gwfg / lbuf] pkof]u ug{sf nflu jg:klt ;j]{If0f, k|ljlw ljsf;, tflnd, 1fg jå{s k|rf/ k|;f/ ;fdfu|Lx? tyf k/Dk/fut 1fgsf] clen]lvs/0f, jg:kltsf] ljZn]if0f tyf k|df0fLs/0f sfo{x? ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 .b'n{e, nf]kf]Gd'v Pjd\ /}yfg] jg:kltx?sf] k/:yfgLo ;+/If0f, cWoog cg';Gwfg Pjd\ ;j{;fw/0fnfO{ dgf]/~hg:yn Pjd\ kof{ko{6gnfO{ 6]jf k'–ofpg] x]t'n] b]zsf ljleGg * lhNnfx?df !@ j6f jg:klt pBfgx? :yfkgf ePsf 5g\ .ljefusf] p2]Zo

g]kfndf kfOg] ljleGg k|sf/sf jg:kltx?sf] j}1flgs klxrfg tyf clen]lvs/0fsf ;fy} cg';Gwfg / k|ljlw ljsf;sf] dfWodaf6 ;du| jg:klt ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f / lbuf] pkof]u ug]{ .

b'n{e, nf]kf]Gd'v tyf /}yfg] jg:kltx?sf] :j:yflgo tyf k/:yflgo ?kdf jg:klt pBfgx?df ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkg ug]{ .

jg:kltx?sf] ;f/tTj lgsfnL cf}ifwLhGo kmd'{n];g u/L Kof6]06LË ug]{ .

;'ulGwt tyf jx'd"No jg:kltdf /x]sf] ;f/tTjsf] ljZn]if0f Pjd\ k|dfl0fs/0f u/L /fli6«o tyf cGt/fli6«o Jofkf/nfO{ k|jå{g ug]{ .

ljefusf k|d'v sfo{x?8

j}1flgs cWoog tyf cg';Gwfgsf] sfo{åf/f jfg:klts >f]tsf] klxrfg u/L k|ljwL ljsf;sf] dfWodaf6 ltgsf] :j:yfg tyf k/:yfgdf ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkg ug]{ Pj+ jg:klt >f]tsf] lbuf] ljsf; dfkm{t d'n'ssf] cfly{s ljsf;df 6]jf k'/\ofpg o; ljefudf ljleGg If]qx?df s]lGb|t /xL lgDg cg';f/sf sfo{x? jg:klt ljefn] ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 .

jg:klt ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f tyf lbuf] pkof]u ;DaGwL of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdsf] th'{df, sfof{Gjog, cg'udg / d"Nofª\sg

b]zsf] ;Dk'0f{ jg:klts >f]tsf] cWofjlws clen]v tyf tYof+s /fVg jfg:klts ;e]{If0fsf ;fy} cWoog, cg';Gwfg sfo{x? ug]{ / xj]{l/od gd"gfx? ;+sng

xj]{l/od gd"gfx? klxrfg, xj]{l/od Aoj:yfkg / g]kfn km\nf]/f k|sfzg

jg:klt pBfgx?sf] j}1flgs Aoj:yfkg ul/ j+zfg'ut >f]tsf] ;+/If0f / ljsf;sf] nflu cWoog cg';Gwfgsf ;fy} jg:klt pBfg ;DaGwL ljljw ;]jf k|bfg

b]zsf ljleGg efudf /x]sf jg:klt pBfgx?df b'n{e, nf]kf]Gd'v tyf /}yfg] jg:kltx?sf] :j:yfgLo (In-situ) Pj+ k/:yfgLo (Ex-situ) ;+/If0f ug]{

h}ljs k|ljwL Pj+ ;+/If0f k|ljwLx?sf]] ljsf; jg:klt ;DjlGw hgr]tgf km}nfpg hl8j'6L, z}lIfs / ;+/If0f

jfl6sfx?sf] Aoj:yfkg ljleGg jg:kltx?df /x]sf pkof]uL /f;folgs tTjx?sf] cWoog,

cg';Gwfg tyf ljZn]if0ffTds u}/sfi7 jg k}bfj/ nufotsf ljleGg jg:kltx?sf] /;fog ;DaGwL

k/LIf0f, k|df0fLs/0f / u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f ug]{ / ;f] ;DaGwL ;]jf k|bfg

b]zdf ljBdfg h8La'6L >f]tsf] jt{dfg l:ytL kQf nufpg :ynut ;e]{If0f ul/ u'0ffTds / kl/df0fTds ljZn]if0f

cfly{s dxTjsf h8La'6Lx?sf] v]tL k|ljw ljsf; u/L v]tL k|ljwL ljsf; ePsf h8La'6Lx?sf] s[ifsx?nfO{ k|ljwL x:tfGt/0f

jg:klt >f]t ;Dkbfsf] cWoog cg';Gwfgsf nflu :yflkt k|of]uzfnfx?sf] ;dofg's'n Aoj:yfkg tyf lj:tf/

jg gLlt @)&! n] cjnDjg u/]sf] Ps gu/ jx' pBfg sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog

:jb]zL zf]egLo km"n lj?jfx?sf] cWoog cg';Gwfg tyf v]tL k|ljlw ljsf;

9

jg:klt ;|f]t ;GjlGw k/Dk/fut 1fgsf] clen]lvs/0f . cfly{s dxTjsf jg:kltx?sf] jfof]k|f]:k]lS6ª (Bio-prospecting) jg:klt >f]t ;DaGwL ljleGg ljwfx?df k|rf/ k|;f/, tflnd tyf

ljz]if1 Pj+ k/fdz{ ;]jf k|bfg jg:klt ;+/If0f / h}ljs ljljwtf ;DaGwL /fli6«o tyf

cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw ;Demf}tfsf] sfof{Gjog jg:klt ;+/If0f ;DaGwL ljifodf /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;+3, ;

+:yfx?;+u ;dGjo / ;Dks{

10

@=@ ljBdfg ;f+u7lgs 9fFrf@)%% sf] ;+u7g ;+/rgf cGtu{tsf sfof{nox?

11

jg tyf e"–;+/If0f dGqfno

jg:klt ljefu -dxflgb]{zs_

s}nfnLh'DnfafFs];Nofg dsjfgk''/ wg'iff O{nfd

/fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt k|of]uzfnf

!= km]g]/f]UofD; @= ls|K6f]UofD; #= Osf]gf]lds jf]6fgL$= ;fO{6f]nf]hL %= Pgf]6f]dL ^= l6io'sNr/ &= Knf06 la|8LË*= k\mnf]/LsNr/ (= Knf06k|f]6]S;g !)=Osf]nf]hL tyf

lhG;L zfvf

n]vf zfvf

k|zf;g zfvf

cg';Gwfg tyf of]hgf dxfzfvf -pkdxflgb]{zs_

Joj:yfkg tyf ljsf; dxfzfvf -pkdxflgb]{zs_

s]lGb|o :t/sf sfof{no

lhNnf :t/sf sfof{nox?

/fli6«o jg:klt pBfg

!= pBfg ljsf; zfvf

@= sGh/e];g tyf Ph's];gn pBfg zfvf

k|fs[lts ;+Dkbf cg';Gwfgzfnf

!= jfof]8fO{el;{6L zfvf @= jfof]6]Sgf]nfhL zfvf #= of]hgf zfvf $=cg'udg tyf d"Nof°g zfvf %=tflnd zfvf

!= kmfO{6f]s]d]i6«L @= ; 'uGwLt t]n #= k|lj lw lj sf; $= kmdf{sf]Ugf]; L %= Plgdn xfp; =̂ ; fj {hlgs lj Zn]if0f

!= ;b'kof]u tyf kfO{n6 zfvf @= Joj:yfkg tyf lj:tf/ zfvf #= k|rf/ k|;f/ tyf 8s'd]06]zg zfvf $= OG:6'd]06 zfvf %= afof]nf]lhsn zfvf ^= h8La'6L k|a4{g tyf ljsf; zfvf&= s]lGb|o pBfg ;]jf zfvf

@=# ljBdfg jg:klt ljefu / cGtu{t sfof{nox?sf] b/aGbL ljj/0f -@)&) _

@$ 3 ! sf sd{rf/Lx?sf] j9'jf ;dfof]hg ug]{ qmdsf] b/jGbL ljj/0f

s]Gb|Lo sfof{nox?sf] b/jGbL

12

jg:klt ljefu

dxflgb]{zs

/fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt k|of]uzfnf cg';Gwfg lgb]{zs-/f=k=lå=jf]=_ !;=c=c= !* zfvf clws[t !n]vf clws[t !c=jf]=

! ;'=ef= !

s]Gb|Lo :t/sf sfof{nox?

/fli6«o jg:klt pBfg

pBfg lgb]{zs-/f=k=lå=k|f=jf]=_ !pBfg clws[t -jf]_ # n]vf clws[t ! k|fljlws ;xfos

!c=jf]=

! gf=;'=

!

k|fs[lts ;Dkbf cg';Gwfgzfnf a= cg';Gwfg clw=-/f=k=lå=s]=_ !;xfos j}=c=-s]_ ( ;=j}=c=-jf]_

! ;=j}=c= -kmf=_ @;=k=lr=-e]_ !n]vf clws[t !Nof=c=

!Nof=6]=

!c=s]=

c=jf]= @ vf/]h

;=c=c= $ gofF b/jGbL c=jf]= ! vf/]h

n]=c= ! gofF b/jGbL

ljBdfg lhNnf sfof{nox?sf] b/jGbL -@)&)_@$ 3 ! sf sd{rf/Lx?sf] j9'jf ;dfof]hg ug]{ qmdsf] b/jGbL ljj/0f

13

jg:klt ljefu

dxflgb]{zs

lhNNffjg:klt sfof{no, dsjfgk'/j=clws[t !;=j}=c=-jf]_ @;=j}=c=-s]_ @c=jf]= @v/Lbf/

!n]vfkfn

lhNNff jg:klt sfof{no, af+s]j=clws[t !;=j}=c=-jf]_ !;=j}=c=-s]_ !c=jf]=

!

lhNNff jg:klt sfof{no, h'Dnf;=j=c= !c=jf]=

@c=s]=

!;'=ef=

lhNNff jg:klt sfof{no, ;Nofg;=j=c= !c=jf]=

!n]=kf

lhNNff jg:klt sfof{no, Onfd;=j=c= !c=jf]=

!

lhNNff jg:klt sfof{no, s}nfnLj=c= !;=j}=c=-jf]_!c=jf]=

!gf=;'=

!

lhNNff jg:klt sfof{no, wg'iff;=j=c= !c=jf]=

!;=n]=kf= !x]=lk

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{nox?

Nof=c= @ vf/]h

KnDa/ ! vf/]h

l;=d]= ! vf/]h

;'=ef= ! vf/]h

n]vfkfn ! vf/]hvl/bf/ ! vf/]hgf=;'= ! gofF b/jGbL

n]vfkfn ! gofF n]vfkfn

! gofF b/jGbL

@=$ ljBdfg ;+/rgf / b/aGbL ;DaGwL ;d:ofx?lghfdtL ;]jf P]g @)$( n] kf+r b]lv bz jif{ leq k|To]s ;/sf/L lgsfo÷sfof{non] cfkm\gf] ;+u7gsf] ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ug'{kg]{ k|fjwfg /fv]sf] 5 .

jg:klt ljefusf] @)%% ;fndf tof/ kfl/Psf] ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgfdf xfn;Dd klg k'g/fjnf]sg x'g g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . d'n'ssf] /fhgLlts, ;fdflhs / cfly{s If]qdf cfPsf] kl/jt{g ;+u} jg:kltsf] If]qdf b]lvPsf gofF gofF ljifo ;+u} k|zf;gdf b]lvPsf yk r'gf}tL / hgzlQmn] v]Ng'kg]{ gofF e"ldsfnfO{ ;Djf]wg ug{ ;do ;'xfpbf] ;f+u7lgs ;+/rgfnnfO{ k'g/fjnf]sg ug'{ clgjfo{ ePsf]n] jg:klt ljefusf] ;+u7gsf] k'g{;+/rgf b]lvPsf] 5 .

& j6f lhNnf jg:klt sfof{non] b]zsf] df}h'bf If]q tyf ;d:t hgtfsf] h8La'6Laf6 hLjg:t/ ;'wfg]{ rfxgfnfO{ ;d]6\g sl7gfO{ eO/x]sf] tyf xfnsf lhNnfx?n] jg:kltsf] In situ / Ex situ conservation df a9L s]lGb|t ePsf]n] hl8j'6Lsf] ;b'kof]u tyf nfesf] ljt/0fnfO{ clej[l4 ug{ yk cfwf/e"t k"jf{wf/ tyf hgzlQmsf] cfjZostf kg]{ .

/fli6«o jg:klt pBfg / /fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt k|of]uzfnf uf]bfj/L jLrdf ;dGjosf] sld ePsf]n] jg:kltsf] ;+sng, cWoog, cg';Gwfg tyf ;+/If0f sfo{df k|efjsf/Ltf gcfPsf]n] /fli6«o jg:klt pBfg / /fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt k|of]uzfnfnfO{ Psls[t u/L Pp6f dfq s]lGb|o :t/sf] sfof{nosf] ?kdf :t/f]GgtL ;d]t ug{ cfjZos /x]sf] .

14

Knf06 lj|l8ª zfvf, km\nf]/LsNr/ zfvf / jg:klt jzf+0f' >f]t zfvf sfo{ k|s[ltsf] lx;fjdf /fli6«o jg:klt pBfg cGt{ut x'g' kg]{ t/ xfn oL zfvfx? /fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt k|of]uzfnfdf cGt{ut /x]sf]n] oL zfvfx?jf6 ck]lIft pknlJw k|fKg x'g g;s]sf] .

g]kfn jg:klt ljljwtfsf] nflu wgL 5 . To;df klg cfly{s dxTjsf jg:klt÷hl8j'6Lx?sf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 . t/ dfgjLo ultljlwsf sf/0f tL jg:kltx?sf] jf;:yfgdf cfPsf] x|f; / ltgLx?sf] 36\bf] ;+Vofsf] ;d:of ;Djf]wg ug{sf] nflu ljz]if sfo{qmdx?sf] th'{df u/L sfo{qmdx? sfof{Gjog ug'{ kg]{ x'G5 . o;} s'/fnfO{ x[bu+d u/L o; ljefun] ;t'jf, ;k{uGwf, 66]nf], ljho;fn, ;lt;fn, ?v pGo", nf}7 ;Nnf, ;f]dntf, ;'gfv/L, u'G;L, ef]6] rfFk, cflb jg:kltx?sf] !@ j6f jg:klt pBfgx?df cWoog, cg';Gwfg tyf ;+/If0f sfo{ ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . ;fy} b'n{e tyf nf]kf]Gd'v jg:klt k|hftLsf] Species Conservation Plan

jgfO{ sfof{Gjog ug'{ kg]{ cj:yf 5 . t/ df}h'bf ;+u7g / sd{rf/Laf6 oL cltl/Qm lhDd]jf/L ;Dkfbg ug'{ kg]{ jfWotfn] ljefujf6 Action Plan jgfO sfd ug{ u/fpg ;lsPsf] 5}g . hgzlQm / ljleGg ef}uf]lns If]q h:t} M lxdfn, kxf8 / r'/] If]qdf jg:klt pBfg, xj{n kmfd{ / hl8j'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|x?sf] :yfkgf tyf hgzlQm g} o;sf] klxnf] k'jf{wf/ xf] .

jg:klt ljefudf xfn ;Dd ePsf ;+u7g, ;]jf / ;d"xdf kb ljlzi6Ls/0f ePg h:t} cg';Gwfg ug]{ JolQmnfO{ Specified jgfpg' kg]{ lyof] . o;sf] nflu ;d"x leq pk;d"x u7g ug'{ kg]{ lyof] h:t} M /fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt k|of]uzfnfsf] km]g]/f]u]D; zfvfdf sfd ug]{ zfvf k|d'vsf] ;]jf jg, ;d"x jf]6fgL / pk;d"x 6]S;f]gdL x'g'kg]{ . To;} u/L cGo pk;d"xx? klg x'g' kg]{ lyof] To;f] gePsf]n] klg xfnsf] ;+u7gdf ;d:of b]lvPsf] 5 .

g]kfn ˆnf]/fsf bz j6f Volume sf] k|sfzg ;g\ @)@) ;Dd ul/;Sg'kg]{ Nepal Biodiversity Strategy Action Plan, 2014 sf] k|ltjåtf 5 . t/ xfn ;Dd Pp6f dfq Volume k|sfzg ePsf] 5 . jfFsL ( j6f Volume nfO{ ;do d} k|sfzg ug{sf] nflu /fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt k|of]uzfnf uf]bfj/Ldf g]kfn ˆnf]/f zfvf :yfkgf u/L g]kfn ˆnf]/f sf ;Dk"0f{ k|sfzgx?nfO{ ;do d} k|sfzg ug'{kg] cfjZoStf /x]sf] 5 .

15

g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;do ;dodf gof+ jg:klt pBfgx? 3f]if0ff ub{} cfPsf] 5 . o;} qmddf lj=;+=@)&!.)$.!! ut] g]kfn ;/sf/, dGqLkl/ifbsf] lg0f{o cg';f/ ljZj zfGtL h}ljs ljljwtf pBfg, kf]v/f, sf:sLsf] :yfkgf ePsf] b]lvG5 . To;} u/L g]kfn ;/sf/ -;lrj:t/Lo lg0f{ojf6 :jLs[t_ pQm pBfgsf] % jif]{ Joj:yfkg sfo{ of]hgf sfof{Gjogdf ;d]t cfO;s]sf] 5 . t/ ;f+u7flgs ;+/rgf / cfaZos b/jGbL :jLs[t geO{ lb+bf o; pBfgnfO{ lgoldt sfd ug{sf] nflu klg 7'nf] ;d:of k/]sf] b]lvG5 . xfn of] pBfgsf] ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkg sfo{ o; ljefusf] df}h'bf l;ldt hgzlQmaf6 x'b} cfO/x]sf] 5 . t;y{ gofF 3f]if0ff ePsf] pQm pBfgdf hgzlQmsf] Aoj:yf gx'bf pQm pBfgdf dfq geO ljefun] ;d]t hgzlQm ;d:of ef]Ug afWo 5 / ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkg sfo{ sdhf]/ e}/x]sf] 5 . t;y{ k|:t't ul/Psf] ;f+u7flgs ;+/rgf / b/jGbL oyflz3| :jLs[t u/L sfof{Gjog ug'{ kg]{ cfaZostf /x]sf] 5 .

jg:klt pBfgx?df xfn d'Vo ?kdf sfo{ ug]{ :yfoL dfnL÷sfdbf/x?sf] ;+Vof cjsfzsf] sf/0fjf6 lbg k|ltlbg 36\b} uO/x]sf] 5 t/ :yfoL kb k"lt{ ug{ gkfOg] cj:yfn] ;du| jg:klt pBfgx?sf] sfddf c;/ k/]sf] 5 .

16

efu–#

#=! sfo{qmdsf] ljZn]if0fu/LaL Go'gLs/0faf6 ;d[å g]kfnsf] lgdf{0fsf nflu oxfFsf jg:klt cWoog, cg';Gwfg, clen]vLs/0f, ;b'kof]u tyf ahf/Ls/0f ug'{ cfjZos 5 . oxfF w]/} /fli6«o, cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yfx? nufgL ul//x]sf / yk nufgL ug{ OR5's u/fpg jt{dfg / eljiodf k|jn ;Defjgf 5 . t/ lzIff, hgr]tgf / hg;xeflutf / cfocfh{gaf6 u/LaL lgjf/0fdf 7f]; of]ubfg k'/\ofpg' cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] .

jg:klt ljefu / cGt/utjf6 ;+rflnt sfo{qmdx?l;=g+=

sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfsf] gfd

jh]6 ;|f]t

cfof]hgf cjlw

d'Vo d'Vo lqmofsnkfx? sfo{ If]q cf=a= @)&!÷)&@ sf] nflu l:js[t ah]6 ? xhf/df

s}lkmot

! jg:klt cWoog tyf cg';Gwfg sfo{qmd

g]kfn ;/sf/

;fn j;fnL lg/Gt/ sfof{Gjogdf cfpg]

!= g]kfnsf] /}yfg] jg:kltx?sf] (Endemic Plants) k|fs[lts cj:yfdf ljBdfg ;+Vof (Population Status) sf] cg';Gwfg – -dgfª, d':tfª / s0ff{nL c~rnsf ljleGg lhNnfx?_@= Plgdn xfp; Joj:yfkg #= kmdf{sf]Ugf];L tyf Do'lhod Joj:yfkg

$= Status review on CITES Plant Cyathea

spinulosa (Tree fern)

%= xj]{l/od gd"gfsf] klxrfg, ;+/If0f, Housing tyf Joj:yfkg ^= /fli6«o xj]{l/odf ;+/lIft jg:klt gd"gfx?sf] Digitization sfo{&= k"j{ ;+slnt klxrfg gePsf back

logging jg:klt gd"gfsf] Sorting,

Mounting, Identification, housing sfo{ .

/fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt k|of]uzfnf-/f=x= tyf j=k|_, k|fs[lts ;Dkbf cg';Gwfgzfnf -kff=;=c_ / & lhNnfx? M Onfd,wg'iff, dsjfgk'/,;Nofg, h'Dnf, jf+s] / s}nfnL

!%((@

(P1)

17

*= Flora of Nepal vol. 1-10 k|sfzgsf] nflu cfjZos hgzlQm / cGo k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ug]{ .(= ;t'jfsf] hd{Knfhd cWoog u/L u'0f:t/Lo la?jf pTkfbg ug]{ . !)= Reference Chromatogram tof/ ug{ ;'ulGwt t]no'St ljleGg la?jf l6d'/, wl;+u|], n]dg u|f;sf] ;+sng .!!= Study of Pesticide Residue and Heavy

Metal Contaminants in Asparagus. !@= Topographical Variation of chemical

constituents of Sunpate.

!#= nf]kf]Gd'v Pj+ jhf/df pRr d"No kg]{ tLg k|hfltsf jg:kltx? tyf 8fO;sf]l/of k|hfltsf]] lj:tf/ ug{ hd{knfHd hDdf kfg]{ .!$= jg:klt ;|f]tsf] k/Dk/fut pkof]uL 1fgsf] clen]vLs/0f!%= u'0f:t/ ljsf;sf] nflu v]tL k|ljlw cg';Gwfg u/L ;f] ;DaGwL k|fljlws k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ !^= Dendrochronological cWoogaf6 ljutsf] hnjfo' cg'dfg ug]{ (Timber

Line)

!&= sf7sf gd"gf klxrfg ug{ Wood

Anatomy k|of]uzfnfsf] k"jf{wf/ tof/,

sf7sf gd"gf ;+sng u/L Anatomy sf nflu Reference tof/

!*= Pgf6f]dL, l6:o'sNr/, Osf]gf]lds af]6fgL, O{sf]nf]lhsn, h}ljs ljljwtf, h8La'6L, dfO{sf]nf]lhsn, ;fO6f]nf]lhsn, 6]l/8f]kmfO{6, km]g]/f]UofD; k|of]uzfnfdf ul/g] cWoog cg';Gwfg !( kmd'{n]6]9 k|f]8S6 pTkfbg @)= jg:kltsf] kmfO6f]s]ldsn, kmdf{sf]nf]lhsn -!)_, ;'ulGwt t]n, lj:t[t kmfO6f]s]ldn / jfof]s]ldsn

18

cWoog -#_ @!= l;/xf lhNnfdf cjl:yt ;xn]zsf] km"njf/ldf /x]sf] jg:kltsf] Detail

cGj]if0f ;+sng / klxrfg u/L tYofÍ cBfjlws ug]{ .@@= k|ljlw ljsf; e};s]sf la?jfsf j[xt dfqfdf pTkfbg -kf}nf]lgof, :6]leof, sfg]{;g, lnnL, £o" s'df/L, cls{8,_ @#= l6io'sNr/ k|ljlw ljsf; -;t'jf jf ljho;fn jf krf}nL_ @$= l6io'sNr/ ljsl;t la?jfx?sf] lkmN8 k/LIf0f@%= h8La'6Lx?sf] ;"IdhLlj/f]wL Ifdtfsf] cWoog ug]{@^= afof]nf]lhsn lqmofsnfk -;'IdhLjL/f]wL, PlG6kml6{lnl6,PG6L8foj]l6s, PlG6l8k|];fG6 Ifdtf_ k|dfl0ft ePsf h8La'6Lsf] Cell Suspension Culture u/L ;]s]G8/L d]6faf]nfO6;sf] ;'IdhLjL/f]wL c;/ cWoog @& kj{tLo l;d;f/ If]qsf] jfg:klts ;e]{If0f tyf clen]vLs/0f@*= sflnu08sL sf]l/8/sf] ldd{ b]lv d'lQmgfy ;Ddsf] vegetation study ug]{ .@( sd{rf/L bIftf j[l4 tflnd@(=! Proposal Writing, Experimental

Designing and Statistical Tools (Integrated

Format)

@(=@ Photography and illustration

training for the Biologists

@(=# n]vf k|zf;g tflnd

#)= u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f

@ h8La'6L ljsf;

g]kfn ;/sf/

;fn j;fnL lg/Gt/

!= ks]6 If]qdf h8La'6L g;{/L Joj:yfkg, dd{t, ;+rfng

& lhNnfx? M Onfd,wg'iff

!!^&!

(P1)

19

sfo{qmd

sfof{Gjogdf cfpg]

@= gd"gf glthf tyf lalw k|bz{gL :yfkgf ;'g;/Lsf] rt/fdf h8La'6L Kn6 :yfkgf / ;+rfng#= h8La'6L tyf u}/sfi7 la?jf pTkfbg -sfof{no tyf kmf]sn l6dn] 5fg]sf] k|hflt_$= ;s+6fk'0f{ cj:yfdf k'u]sf h8La'6L k|hfltsf] jf;:yfg ;+/If0f (In-situ

conservation)

%= ;fd'bflos tyf ;fj{hlgs hUufdf ;+3÷;+:yf, ;d"bfonfO{ k|lt la?jf ? # sf b/n] 9'jfgL, j[Iff/f]k0f cg'bfg^= lghL hUufdf /f]k0fsf nflu ul/j tyf ljkGg ju{nfO{ k|lt la?jf ?= %÷– sf b/n] 9'jfgL tyf j[Iff/f]k0f ;xof]u cg'bfg &= h8La'6L v]tL lj:tf/ ;DaGwL ;+3÷;+:yf÷;d"x÷JolQmnfO{ cg'bfg -s]Gb|_*= ljBfnox?df h8La'6L afl6sf :yfkgf (= lhNnf leq kfOg] g]kfnL h8La'6Lx?sf] ;e]{If0f u/L clen]v tof/L ug]{ -l;Gw'kfNrf]s, /fd]5fk / bf]nvf lhNnfx?_!)= Ps ufFp Ps pTkfbgsf nflu u'0f:t/Lo la?jf pTkfbg tyf ljt/0f -k|ltj]bg_!!= h8La'6L v]tL lj:tf/ tyf Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL lkmN8 :t/Lo sf]lrª -k|ltj]bg_!@= h8La'6L ;+sngstf{, dWo:tstf{ tyf Jofkf/L aLr cGt/lqmof÷uf]]i7L !#= cfod"ns h8La'6L v]tL ;DaGwL tflnd!$= pBd ljsf; tyf jhf/Ls/0f ;DjlGw pBdLx?nfO{ tflnd!%= h8La'6L ;+sng, e08f/0f tyf k|

, dsjfgk'/,;Nofg, h'Dnf, jf+s] / s}nfnL

20

zf]wg tflnd!^= :yfgLo /]l8of]af6 h8La'6Lsf] ;+/If0f lbuf] ;+sng, Joj:yfkg / v]tL lj:tf/ tyf :yfgLo ahf/sf] d"No ;DaGwL r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd k|;f/0f!&= 3/fo;L k|of]usf Psn h8La'6Lx?sf] ;+sng tyf k|rf/k|;f/ sfo{qmd

# /fi6«klt r'/] ;+/If0f sfo{qmd

g]kfn ;/sf/


!= r'/] If]qdf :yfO g;{/L lgdf{0f tyf Joj:yfkg@= hl8j'l6 tyf u}/sfi7 lj?jf pTkfbg tyf ljt/0f#= hnfwf/ If]q leq hl8j'l6 v]tL lj:tf/sf] ;DefJotf cWoog$= ;f=j= If]q leq hl8j'l6 k|bz{gL Kn6sf] :yfkgf%= 5gf}6 ePsf hnfwf/ k|efljt If]qsf lghL hUufdf hl8j'l6 v]tL lj:tf/^= :yfgLo :t/df hLjg:t/ ;'wf/sf] nflu ;fj{hlgs hUuf ÷sj'lnolt hUuf÷;fd'bflos jg cGt/utsf ljkGg ju{sf ls;fgx?sf nflu hl8j'l6 v]tL&= hL0f{ r'/] If]qdf j[Iff/f]k0f*= hl8j'l6 v]tL ;DjlGw tflnd(= :yfgLo ;/f]sf/jfnfx? ;+u r'/] ;+/If0f ;DjlGw cGt/lqmof!)= glb psf; tyf t6jGw If]q ;+/If0fsf nflu n]dgu|f;, l;6«f]g]nf, v;v; /f]k0f!!= cWoog e|d0f tyf k|rf/ k|;f/ sfo{qmd!@= r'/] If]qdf hl8j'l6 v]tL ;DjlGw kfOn6 sfo{qmd ;+rfng!#= ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{

Onfd,wg'iff, dsjfgk'/, jf+s], s}nfnL

@$(%%

(P1)

$=

g]kfn Jofkf/ PsLs[t /0fgLlt -jg sfo{qmd_

g]kfn ;/sf/


!= Lab Accreditation Programme

@= GACP ;DaGwL sfo{qmd tof/L tyf k|sfzg#= ks]6 If]qsf ;fd'bflos, ;fj{hlgs, s[lif jg ;d"xsf h8La'6L pBdL ;xsf/L ;b:o / ;DjlGwt ;/f]sf/jfnfx?nfO{ h8La'6L tyf cfod"ns v]tL / jg

k|f=;=c=, /f=x= tyf j=k|=, dsjfgk'/, jf+s] lhNnf

#!)$( (P1)

21

pBd ;DjlGw cjnf]sg e|d0f -lhNnf leq÷l5d]sL lhNnf$= h8La'6L Jofkf/ k|jw{gdf cfwfl/t pBf]u / pBdLx?sf] cgnfOg 8]6fj]z tof/ ug]{%= dWoklZrdf~rn If]qaf6 lgsf;L x'g] sfpnf]sf] hd{KnfHd cWoog u/L u'0f:t/Lo la?jf pTkfbg ^= u'0f:t/Lo la?jf pTkfbgsf] nflu t]hkftsf] hd{Knfhd -kfNkf, tgx'F, pbok'/_ &= u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f*= cls{8 k|hfltsf la?jf l6io'sNr/ k|ljlw ljsf; -klxn] u/L /x]sf] cls{8 k|hfltx?nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg]_ . -Joj;fohGo ;'gfv/Lsf] l6:o'sNr/ k|ljlw ljsf;_(= Joj;floshGo h8La'6Lx?sf] v]tL -PPP Model _ df!)= h8La'6L tyf ;'ulGwt jg:klthGo pTkfbgsf] ;"IdhLj ;+b"ifssf] k/LIf0f!!= GCMS af6 ul/g] essential oil sf] ljZn]if0fsf] method validation.

!@= Environment Safety and hazard

management.

!#= Heavy Metal Contamination and

toxicity study of herbs and herb products.

!$= h}ljs s[ofsnfk -;"IdhLj lj/f]wL, PG6Lkml6{lnl6, PlG68fPlal6s, PlG6l8k|];]G6, Ifdtf_ k|dfl0ft ePsf h8La'6L hGo ;f/ttjx?sf] lj:t[t cWoog÷k|df0fLs/0f_!%= Pesticide Residue in herbs and herbal

products.

!^= sd{rf/L bIftf j[l4 sfo{qmd

% jg:klt ;+/If0f tyf

g]kfn ;/sf/


!= df};dL zf]egLo km"n la?jf pTkfbg

@= uf]bfj/L l:yt s]Gb|Lo jg:klt pBfgsf] kfs{sf] ;f}Gbo{ lgdf{0f sfo{ #= s]Gb|Lo pBfg, l;+xb/af/

/f=j=p= / & lhNnfx?

%^!&(

(P2)

22

pBfg ljsf;

sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjog -lgdf{0f tyf cfwf/lznf_ rf}tf/f dd{t, kvf{n lgdf{0f, kf]ln xfp;÷;]8 xfp;÷kf]v/L lgdf{0f, af6f] dd{t_ $= /fli6«o jg:klt pBfg sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjog%= lqmofsnfksf] gfd M gu/ pBfg sfo{qmd^= ;"rgf s]Gb| Joj:yfkg&= Nof08 :s]k hflt ljz]if pBfg *= u'+/f; ;+/If0f Joj:yfkg (=b'n{e, nf]kf]Gd'v jg:klt k|hfltsf] ;+sng tyf ;+/If0f !)= cfjf]{l/6d :yfkgf .!!= z}lIfs pBfg Joj:yfkg !@= kmg{ pBfg Joj:yfkg!#= ;r]tgf clea[låsf nflu z}lIfs afl6sf !$= :jb]zL zf]egLo km"n la?jf cWoog cg';Gwfg !%= Oygf]jf]6flgsn Do"lhod . !^= ;]jf tyf ;hfj6 !&= k'ik v]tL k|jw{gdf k'ik s[ifsnfO{ ;xof]u !*= k|m]G8\; ckm jf]6flgsn uf8]{g .!(= uf8]{lg∙ ;DaGwL tflnd@)= ;'/Iff tyf kfnf]kx/f

^ jg:klt ;b'kof]u tyf ahf/Ls/0f

g]kfn ;/sf/


!= lghL tyf ;fgf ls;fg ;d"xdf h8La'6L v]tL lj:tf/@= xf]d xa{n uf8]{g

#= 8f]d]li6s]zg tyf hd{KnfHd ;+/If0f Joj:yfkg

$= 6«]8 ;kf]{6 -ljZn]if0f, k|df0fLs/0f, u'0f lgwf{/0f tyf l;kmfl/;_ .

%= k|sfzg -k|rf/ k|;f/_

^= jg:klt lbj; ;df/f]x -/fli6«o jg:klt k'/:sf/_ ;d]t

k|f=;=c= / & lhNnfx?

()&) (P2)

& s}nfz kljq e" kl/lw ;

g]kfn ;/sf/

% jif]{ != CFC nfO{ Strengthen ug]{@= l/Ýfsf] Value addition ug]{#= NMPB India sf] Study Visit

88]Nw'/f, bfr{'nf, j}t8L

$48

23

+/If0f tyf ljsf; kl/of]hgf

#=@ sfo{af]em tyf sfo{k4ltsf] ljZn]if0fb'n{e, nf]kf]Gd'v tyf ;+s6df k/]sf jg:kltx?sf] ;+/If0f, k|fyldstf k|fKt cfly{s dxTjsf hl8j'6Lx?sf] v]tL k|ljlw ljsf; tyf pQm k|ljlw s[ifsx?nfO{ x:tfGt/0f u/L hLljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/ u/L ul/aL Go"lgs/0fdf of]ubfg k'¥ofpg' jg:klt ljefusf] lhDd]jf/L /x]sf] 5 .

jg:klt If]q ljut nfdf] ;do b]lv dfgjLo cltqmd0f, hl8a'6L rf]/L lgsf;L h:tf h:tf ;d:ofaf6 u|:t 5 o; ;Gbe{df jg:kltsf]] ;+/If0f, jg:klt pBfgx?sf] lbuf] Pj+ j}1flgs Joj:yfkgsf nflu {pRr k|fyldstf lbO{ sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug'{ cfjZos ePsf] 5 . o;sf nflu lgDg cjwf/0ffnfO{ cfTd;ft ul/g' h?/L b]lvG5 . jg:klt÷hl8j'6L If]qnfO{ ;d[l4sf] cfwf/ agfpg] . r'/] If]qdf /x]sf jg:kltx? If]qsf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg, clen]lvs/0f / ;

+/If0f sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{' kg]{ . jg If]qaf6 ul/aL Go"gLs/0fdf ;xof]u k'Ug] u/L dxTjk"0f{ u}/ sfi7

jg k}bfjf/ / hl8a'6Lsf] v]tL / k|zf]wg u/L a9L eGbf a9L xl/t /f]huf/Lsf cj;/ l;h{gf ug{ ;fy} hl8a'6L k|zf]wg s]Gb|x? / cfo'j]{b c:ktfnx?sf] aLrdf sfof{Tds ;DaGw ljsf; ug{ cfjZos ePsf] .

nf]kf]Gd'v jGohGt' tyf jg:klt k|hfltx?sf] ;+/If0f sfo{nfO{ pRr k|fyldstf lbg cfjZos ePsf] .

hl8a'6L kxLrfg, ;+/If0f, Joj:yfkg, v]tL lj:tf/ tyf ahf/ ljsf; ;DaGwL sfo{qmdx? k|efjsf/L ?kdf ;+rfng ug]{ jftfj/0f tof/ ug{' kg]{ ePsf] .

24

cGt/ ljefuLo ;dGjo u/L jg If]qsf ;d:of ;dfwfgd"ns cg';Gwfgsf sfo{qmdx?df bf]xf]/f]kg gcfpg] u/L sfo{qmd th'{df tyf sfof{Gjog ug]{ /0fgLlt cg';f/ sfo{ ug{ cfjZos /x]sf] .

jg tyf jg:klt cg';GwfgnfO{ ;d]t ;dofg's'n agfpFb} hfg'kg]{ ePsf] .

cGt/f{li6«o:t/df ul/Psf k|lta4tf tyf ;lGw ;Demf}tfx? kfngf ug{ cg's'n ;+u7g ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ug'{kg]{ .

g]kfndf em08} km"n km"Ng] &))) k|hfltsf jg:kltx? /x]sf] cg'dfg u/LPsf] 5 / xfn;Dd s/Lj %^)) k|hfltsf jg:kltx?sf] dfq Documentation ul/Psf] 5 . t/ cem} !$)) eGbf j9L k|hfltsf jg:kltx?sf] ;+sng, klxrfg / Documentation x'g jfFsL /x]sf] 5 . To;} u/L &)) k|hfltsf jg:klt k|hfltx? cf}iflwo dxTj kQf nfu]sf] 5 . cf}iflwo dxTj /x]sf] elgPsf hDdf @#* lsl;dsf jg:klt k|hfltx?sf] dfq /f;folgs k/LIf0f ePsf] 5 . g]kfndf xfn ;Dd klg o; sfo{ ug]{ cGo lgsfo gePsf]n] jg:klt ljefusf] ;+u7gdf ;'wf/ ug{ cfjZos b]lvPsf] 5 . CITES sf] jg:klt ;DaGwL cflwsfl/s j}1flgs lgsfo / h}ljs ;'/Iffsf] /fli6«o Focal Point o; ljefun] g]kfndf kfOg] jfg:klts >f]tx?sf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg, klxrfgsf ;fy} ;f] sf] cBfjlws clen]v -g]kfn km\nf]/fsf] k|sfzg_ tof/ tyf g]kfnL h8La'6Lsf] cf}ifwLo u'0f:t/ klxrfg eO{ ltgsf] cGj]if0ffTds ;e]{If0f (Bio-prospecting) af6 cfly{s b[li6n] dxTjk"0f{ h8La'6LhGo jg:kltx?sf] ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7g / k]6]lG6ª ;Fu cGt/;DalGwt agfpg ;lsG5 . Molecular Characterization cfly{s dxTjsf] h8La'6Lsf] v]tL lj:tf/sf] nflu k|ljlw pknJw u/fO{ hgtfsf] cfo cfh{g sfo{df 6]jf k'/\ofpg jfg:klts ;d'bfo -Vegetation)df cfwfl/t eO{ / Joj;flosLs/0fdf 6]jf k'Ug] sfo{ ug'{ h?/L 5 . lj:tf/df j[lå cg';f/ ;|f]t, ;fwgdf j[lå x'Gf' :jefljs xf] . cg';Gwfgsf] k|ltkmn kfpg nfdf] ;do, j[xt ah]6 nufgL, j}1flgsx?sf] w}o{tf / OdfGbfl/tf cfjZostf k5{ . ;dfh, /fi6«n] l56f] glthfsf] ck]Iff ubf{ ;a} cg';Gwfg yf]/} ;dod} kl/0ffd b]vfpg ;S5g\ eGg ;lsb}g . t/ lg/Gt/ ;'wf/ k|of; eg] h?/L 5 .#=# pknAw dfgj ;|f]tsf] cf+sng / ljlQo nfut ljZn]if0f

k|:tfljt ;+u7g ;+/rgf cg';f/ yk x'g] !(( b/jGbLsf] nflu tna eQf tkm{ cg'dflgt x'g vr{ lgDg cg';f/ x'g] b]lvG5 . o;nfO{ b]xfosf]

25

tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . qm=;+=

>]0fL yk b/aGbL

dfl;s tna eQf

/sd ?=

dfl;s vr{ x'g] /

sd ?=

jflif{s -!# dfl;s a/fa/_ /

kf]zfs eQfdf x'g] vr{ /sd ?=

1= /f=k=k|yd 2 32,212 8,39,0252= /f=k=låtLo 4 27,461 14,58,0153= /f=k=t[= 12 24,489 39,10,3494= /

f=k=cg+=k|=

24 18,895 60,75,252

5= /f=k=cg+=lå=

31®3 17,700 80,78,400

6= >]0fLljlxg. dfnL

113 14,754 2,25,21,742

7= x=;=rf= 10 17,804 23,89,613hDdf 199123 3,87,88,023

qm=;+= yk x'g] b/aGbL

b/ nfut s}lkmot

6]a'n s';L{ 20 15000 300000 z'?sf] nflu dfq

sDKo"6/ 20 60000 1200000 z'?sf] nflu dfq

n'uf eQf tyf cGo d;nGb

26 10000 260000 jflif{s ?kdf

hDdf 85000 1760000

#=$ kl/jt{gsf] cf}lrTotfjg:klt ljefu cfˆgf] :yfkgfsfn b]lv g} hl8j'6L tyf u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/sf] If]qdf sfo{ ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . hl8j'6Lx? Psftkm{ cfo'j]{lbs tyf Pnf]k]lys cf}ifwL jgfpgsf] nflu sRrf kbfy{sf] ?kdf k|of]u e}/x]sf 5g\ eg] csf]{ tkm{ ;'uGwLt jg:kltx?sf] l8l:6n]zg u/L t]n lgsfnL ljb]z lgof{t u/L ljb]zL d'b|f cfh{g e}/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . t;y{ o:tf cfly{s dxTjsf jg:kltx?sf] 3/]n's/0f u/L j+zf0f' u'0fdf ;d]t ;'wf/ Nofpg' h?/L

26

5 . o:tf] sfo{sf] nflu jg:klt ljefun] cfly{s dxTjsf jg:kltx?sf] cWoog cg';Gwfg ug{, v]tL k|ljlw ljsf; u/L pQm k|ljlw s[ifsx?df x:tfGt/0f ug{ gofF hftsf] ;d]t ljsf; ug{sf] nflu cfjZos hgzlQm / ;f]xL jdf]lhdsf] ;+u7g x'g' cfjZos b]lvG5 . cfw'lgs ljZjdf k|fªufl/s / xa{n pkhsf] a9\bf] dfunfO{ k"/f ug{ xfd|f jg:klt ;|f]tx?n] /fd|f] ;+efjgf af]s]sf 5g\ . ljZj Jofkf/ ;+u7gsf] ;b:o /fi6«sf] x}l;otn] ax'kof]uL jg:kltx?sf] cGj]if0ffTds ;e]{If0f (Bio-prospecting) u/L Patenting lng' r'gf}tL / cj;/ b'j} xf] . k|of]uzfnf / cGo k"jf{wf/x?sf] cGt/fli6«o dfkb08 cg'?k ljsf; tyf ;]jf k|jfxnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg ;+/rgf kl/jt{g x'g cfjZos b]lvG5 . klZrdf~rn ljsf; If]qdf Pp6f klg sfof{no gePsf]df k|:tfljt ;+/rgfdf klg 6]jf k'/\ofpg] u/L ;]jf / ;'ljwf k|bfg ul/g]5, ;fy} b]z e/Lsf] jfg:klts ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f, ;+jw{g tyf k|jw{g ub}{ h8La'6Lsf] dfWodaf6 ul/aL Go'gLs/0fdf 6]jf k'/ofpb} b]zsf] s'n u|fx:Yo pTkfbgdf jg If]qsf] of]ubfg a9fpgsf nflu ;d]t ;f+u7gLs 9f+rf kl/dfh{gsf] cfjZostf ckl/xfo{ b]lvG5 .;+u7flgs kl/jt{g ug'{kg]{ sf/0fx? lgDg cg';f/ 5g\–

jg gLlt @)&!, h}ljs ljljwtf /0fgLlt tyf sfo{of]hgf -@)!$–@)@)_, hl8j'6L tyf u}x|sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ ljsf; gLlt, @)^!, jg:klt ;|f]tsf] cg';Gwfg sfo{ljlw, @)&), jg tyf e" ;+/If0f dGqfnosf] ;Ë7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j{]If0f ;DaGwL k|ltj]bg @)&! sfof{Gjog e}/x]sf] xfnsf] cj:yfdf jg:klt ljefn] pNn]lvt gLlt, /0fgLlt, sfo{ljlw, k|ltj]bg cg';f/ jg:klt ljefun] sfo{ ug{ cfjZos ePsf]n] .

hl8j'6L v]tL k|ljlwsf] ljsf; dfkm{t dlxnf, blnt Pj+ ljkGg ju{nfO{ k|ToIf nfe k'Ug] sfo{qmdx? k|efjsf/L 9+un] sfof{Gjog ug{ h?/L b]lvPsf] .

sd{rf/LnfO{ pTk|]l/t ug{ rflng] pko'Qm yk tfnLd nufot ;+u7g ;+/rgfdf x'g] ;''wf/nfO{ cfly{s >f]tsf] ;d]t k|If]k0f u/L k|ljlw, sfof{nosf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/, pks/0fx? nufotsf ljifonfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{'kg]{ x'Fbf dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf;, cfw'lgs ef}lts k"jf{wf/ / pks/0f, pTk|]/0ffsf nflu df}lb|s tyf u}/ df}lb|s pkfox?sf] Joj:yf ug{'kg]{ jf pk/f]Qm ljifodf klg cWoog dfk{mt jf:tljs cj:yf, nfut, jflif{s Jooef/ ;f] af6 k|fKt x'g] glthf h:tf ljifodf PsLs[t k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L sfo{qmdnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg ;d]t ;xof]u k'¥ofpg cffjZos ePsf] .

27

xfnsf] h}ljs ljljwtf zfvf s]jn h}ljs ljljwtfsf] dfq cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ zfvf geO{ hnjfo" kl/jt{gn] h}ljs ljljwtfdf kfg]{ c;/x?sf] jf/]df ;d]t cWoog cg';Gwfg s]lGb|t ug'{kg]{ ePsf]n] .

ljefudf ! dxfzfvf afof]]nf]hLsn dxfzfvf yk ug'{kg]{ / /fli6«o jg:klt pBfg / /fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt k|of]uzfnfnfO{ PsLs[t u/L Pp6f dfq} s]lGb|o sfof{nosf] ?kdf /fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt pBfg s]Gb|sf] ?kdf ljsf; ug'{kg]{ ePsf] .

jg:kltsf] ;+sng, ;j]{If0f, cWoog, cg';Gwfg ,;+/If0f, ;Da4{g / ljsf;df ;+nUg lgsfo, hgzlQm / :yfgLo ;d"bfo tyf ;f] k|of]hgsf nflu ;+rflnt sfo{qmddf hjfkmb]lxtf, kf/bzL{tf, OdfGbf/Ltf / sfo{s'zntfsf] clej[l4 u/L jg:klt k|zf;gdf ;'zf;g k|j4{g ug{sf nflu klg jg:klt ljefusf] ;+u7g ;+/rgfdf kl/dfh{g ug{ clt cfjZos b]lvPsf] .

s]lGb|o pBfg ;]jf zfvfnfO{ l;+xb/jf/ kl/if/, /fi6«klt ejg, nufPt ljleGg gu/x?df pBfgx?sf] :yfkgf / zx/df lj?jf /f]k0f / pBfg lgdf{0fsf] dfkb08 jgfpg lhDd]jf/L ;d]t yk u/L ;f] zfvfsf] gfd s]lGb|o pBfg ljsf; zfvfsf] ?kdf sfo{ ug{ cfjZos x'g] b]lvPsf] .

pRr d"Nosf Joj;foLs tyf cGo hl8a'6L v]tL k|ljlwsf] ljsf; u/L hl8j'6L v]tL dfkm{t u/LjL Go"lgs/0f ug{ tyf tL hl8a'6Lx?sf] cg';Gwfg sfo{ ug{ ljleGg xfjfkfgL ;'xfpbf] cg';Gwfg s]Gb|x? :yfkgf ug{ cfjZos ePsf] .

sfo{af]em, yk sfo{qmd / lhDd]jf/Lsf nflu yk hgzlQm ;lxt ;+u7g ;+/rgfdf ;d;fdlos kl/jt{g ug{ cfjZos b]lvPsf] .

lghfdlt ;]jf P]gsf] bkmf @$3! adf]lhd a9'jf ePsf hgzlQmsf] ;dfof]hgaf6 ;[lht cK7]/f]sf] lg/fss/0f u/L sd{rf/LnfO{ pTk|]l/t u/L j[lt ljsf;nfO{ ;d]t ;'lglZrt u/fpg .

cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw ;Demf}tf, cg'aGw / cGt/f{li6«o d~rdf k]z ePsf k|ltj]bgdf pNn]lvt ljifonfO{ Jojxf/df ptfg{sf nflu ;+u7gdf ;fdlos ;'wf/ cfjZos ePsf] .

jg:klt ;|f]tsf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg, ;+/If0f, ;Daw{g Pj+ lbuf] ljsf;sf nflu lgdf{0f, kl/dfh{g ug'{kg]{ P]g, lgod / lgb]{lzsfx? lgDgfg';f/ b]lvPsf 5g\ .

gofF lgdf{0f ug'{kg]{ P]gx? Mo jg:klt ;|f]t ljw]os÷lgodfjnL

28

o b'n{e nf]kf]Gd'v / ;+/lIft jGohGt'sf] Jofkf/ lgodg tyf lgoGq0f (CITIES Act_ ljw]os÷lgodfjnL

o hl8j'l6 Pj+ u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ jf]8{ ljw]os÷lgodfjnLo cfg'j+zLs ;|f]t tyf kx'Fr pkof]u / nfesf] jf8kmf8

ljw]os÷lgodfjnL ;+;f]wg ug'{kg]{ gLlt

o hl8j'l6 Pj+ u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ ljsf; gLlt, @)^!

;du|df jg:klt ljefusf] ;+u7g ;+/rgf / b/aGbLdf ;d;fdlos kl/dfh{gaf6 jg:klt ;Dkbfsf] cWoog cg';Gwfg, ;+/If0f, ;Da4{g / lbuf] pkof]udf ;3fp k'Ug'sf ;fy} jg:kltdf kg]{ hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf c;/sf] cWoogn] cy{tGq Pj+ hghLjgdf ;sf/fTds k|efj kfg]{ ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5

29


jg:klt ljefu -dxflgb]{zs_/f=k=k|yd -k|f_, jg

cg';Gwfg tyf of]hgf dxfzfvf-pkdxflgb]{zs_/f=k=k|=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL

gLlt tyf of]hgf zfvfof]hgf clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos of]hgf clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos of]hgf clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ !

cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg zfvf cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ !

k|rf/ k|;f/ tyf tflnd zfvf j}1flgs clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos j}1flgs clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !tYof+s clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=, g]=cf=of]=tYofË _ !sDk'6/ clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= ljljw_ @ nfO{a|]l/og -/f=k=cg=+ k|=k|f=,lzIff _ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=cg=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ !

h}ljs ljljwtf tyf hnjfo' kl/jt{g zfvf j}1flgs clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos j}1flgs clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ @cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ !

pBfg ljsf; tyf dfkb08 zfvf jl/i7 pBfg clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !pBfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ @;xfos jg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, hg/n km/]i6«L_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ #dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg,jf]6fgL_ @%

hl8j'6L ljsf; tyf k|a4{g zfvfj}1flgs clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos j}1flgs clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ !

Jofkf/ k|j{åg zfvf jl/i7 cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6« _ @cl;i6]06 s]ldi6 -/f=k=c+=k|= k|f==OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !Nofj JofO @

k|fs[lts ;Dkbf k|of]uzfnf dxfzfvf -pkdxflgb]{zs_/f=k= k|= k|f=OlGh=, s]d]li6« !

dxfzfvf-pkdxflgb]{zs_

;'ulGwt t]n zvf jl/i7 cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL _ !cl;i6]06 s]ldi6 -/f=k=c+=k|= k|f==OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !Nofj JofO @

kmfO6f]s]ldsn zfvf jl/i7 cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL _ !cl;i6]06 s]ldi6 -/f=k=c+=k|= k|f==OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !Nofj JofO @

u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f zfvfjl/i7 cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ @cl;i6]06 s]ldi6 -/f=k=c+=k|= k|f==OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !;'k/efOh/ -/f=k=c+=k|= k|f==OlGh, d]sflgsn_ !Nofj JofO @

OG:6'd]06 zfvf jl/i7 cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ @cl;i6]06 s]ldi6 -/f=k=c+=k|= k|f==OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !;'k/efOh/ -/f=k=c+=k|= k|f==OlGh, d]sflgsn_ !Nofj JofO @

afof]nf]lhsn dxfzfvf-pkdxflgb]{zs_

/f=k=k|=k|f=:jf:Yo, kmfd]{;L !

dfOs|f]afof]nf]lhsn zfvf jl/i7 cf}ifwL Joj:yfks /f=k=lå= k|f= !kmfdf{l;i6 /f=k=t[= k|f= !/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL ! cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c+= k|=jg, jf]]6fgL_ !kmfdf{l;i6 kfFrf} tx /f=k=cg=k|=, :jf:Yo !Nofj JofO{ ->]0fL ljlxg_ !

kmfdf{sf]nf]hL tyf Plgdn xfp:f zfvf jl/i7 cf}ifwL Joj:yfks /f=k=lå= k|f==:jf:Yo, kmfd]{;L !kmfdf{l;i6 /f=k=t[= k|f= @;xfos kz' lrlsT;s /f=k=t[= k|f=s[lif !;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=cg+= k|= jg, jf]]6fgL_ !kmfdf{l;i6 kfFrf} tx /f=k=cg=k|=, :jf:Yo !Nofj JofO{ ->]0fL ljlxg_ $

kmfdf{sf]Ugf];L tyf afof]k|:k]S6LË zfvfjl/i7 cf}ifwL Joj:yfks /f=k=lå= k|f=:jf:Yo kmfd]{;L !kmfdf{l;i6 /f=k=t[= k|f= :jf:Yo !;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL !;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !kmfdf{l;i6 -/f=k=cg+= k|= :jf:Yo kfFrf} tx !Nofj JofO{ ->]0fL ljlxg_ @

OG6Ldf]nf]hL tyf Knf06 Kofyf]nf]hL zfvf j}1flgs clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos j}1flgs clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !OG6Ldf]nf]hL:6 -/f=k=t[=k|f= s[lif !Knf06 Kofyf]nf]hL:6-/f=k=t[=k|f= s[lif !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c+= k|= jg, jf]]6fgL_ ! Nofj JofO{ ->]0fL ljlxg_ @

30

efu $$=! jg:klt ljefusf]

jg:klt ljefusf]

s|=;+=

kb >]0fL ;]jf ;d"x ljBdfg

k|:tfljt

yk

36 s}lkmot

! dxflgb]{zs /f=k= k|yd -k|f=_

jg af]6fgL ! ! ) )

@ pkdxflgb]{zs /f=k= k|yd -k|f=_

jg af]6fgL ! ! ) )

# pkdxflgb]{zs /f=k= k|yd -k|f=_

OlGh s]d]i6|L ! ! )

$ pkdxflgb]{zs /f=k= k|yd -k|f=_

:jf:Yo kmfd]{;L ) ! !

% j}1flgs clws[t /f=k=lå= -k|f=_

jg af]6fgL ^ & !

^ j}1flgs clws[t /f=k=lå= -k|f=_

OlGh s]d]i6|L $ % jg:klt ljefusf ;DalGwt zfvf / k|fs[lts ;Dkbf cg';Gwfgzfnf PsLs[t ul/Psf]n] ;fljssf] ;+Vofdf kl/jt{g gePsf]

* jl/i7 cf}ifwL Joj:yfks

/f=k=lå= -k|f=_

:jf:Yo kmfd]{;L @ # !

( pk;lrj -k|zf;g_ /f=k=lå= k|zf;g ;fdfGo k|zf;g

! ! ) )

!) zfvf clws[t /f=k= t[= k|zf;g ;fdfGo k|zf;g

@ ! ) !

!! n]vf clws[t /f=k= t[= k|zf;g ! ! ) )!@ ;xfos j}1flgs

clws[t/f=k= t[=-k|f=_

jg af]6fgL !@ !% #

$=@ /fli6«o xa]{l/od tyf jg:klt pBfg s]Gb|sf] k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs 9fFrf @)&!

afof]6]Sgf]nfhL tyf df]lnSo"n/ Sof/]S6/fOh]zg;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ @cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=cg+= k|=jg, jf]]6fgL_ @ dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ !

/fli6«o xa]{l/od tyf jg:klt k|of]uzfnf-jl/i7 cg';Gwfg clws[t, /f=k=lå=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL !_

lqmK6f]u]D; ;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ %cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c+= k|=k|f= jg, jf]]6fgL_ @ x]=lkm=c=-/f=k=c+= lå=jg, jf]]6fgL _ !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ ! km]g]/f]u]D; ;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ @cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c+= k|=jg, jf]]6fgL_ @ x]=lkm=c=-/f=k=c+= lå= k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ ! g]kfn ˆnf]/f ;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c+= k|= k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ ! Pgf6f]dL ;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c+= k|= k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ ! af]6flgsn ;e]{ tyf Osf]nf]hL ;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=cg+= k|= k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ ! Osf]glds af]6fgL tyf Do'lhod ;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=cg+= k|= k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ ! ;b'kof]u tyf kfOn6 Knf06 ;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=OlGh=, s]d]li6«_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=cg+= k|= k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ ! cl;i6]06 s]ldi6 -/f=k=cg+= k|= k|f=OlGh, s]d]i6«L_ ! ;'k/efOh/ -/f=k=cg+= k|=k|f= OlGh, s]d]i6«L_ !x]=lkm=c=-/f=k=cg+= lå= k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL _ @dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ ^

;"rgf tyf z}lIfs pBfg pBfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ ! cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|= k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ ! x]8 lkmN8cl;i6]06 -/f=k=c+= lå=k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ #

/fli6«o jg:klt pBfg-jl/i7 pBfg clws[t, /f=k=lå=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL !_

Nof08:s]k tyf lydfl6s uf8]{g pBfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ ! cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ ! x]8 lkmN8cl;i6]06-/f=k=c+= lå=k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ @dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ !) knfG6 h]lgl6s l/;f];{pBfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ ! cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ ! x]8 lkmN8cl;i6]06 -/f=k=c+= lå=k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ $dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ !)

kmnf]l/sNr/ ty knfG6 lj|l8ªs[lif clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= s[lif, xl6{sNr/_ ! k|fljlws ;xfos -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=s[lif, xl6{sNr/_ ! x]8 lkmN8cl;i6]06 -/f=k=c+= lå=k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ #

/fli6«o xa]{l/od tyf jg:klt pBfg s]Gb|s]Gb| k|d'v ;x ;lrj -k|f=_

-/f=k= k|= k|f= jg, jf]6fgL !_

31

/fli6«o xa]{l/od tyf jg:klt pBfg s]Gb|sf] b/jGbL t]/Lh

s|=;+=


k|:tfljt

yk 36 s}lkmot

! s]Gb| k|dv /f=k= k|yd -k|f=_

jg af]6fgL ) ! ! /fli6«o xj]{l/od / jg:klt pBfg b'O{ sfof{nonfO{ ;dflxt u/]sf] .

@ jl/i7 pBfg clws[t /f=k=lå=k|f jg jf]6fgL ! !

# jl/i7 cg';Gwfg clws[t /f=k=lå=k|f jg jf]6fgL ! !$ jg:klt clws[t /f=k=lå=k|f jg jf]6fgL ) # # tLgj6f

pBfgx? - sf:sL, ?kGb]xL / lrtjg_ ;d]t

% pBfg clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= jg jf]6fgL # #^ s[lif clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= s[lif, xl6{sNr/ ) ! !& ;xfos kz' lrlsT;s /f=k= t[=-

k|f=_s[lif ) ! ! sf:sL

* ;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t

/f=k=t[=k|f= jg jf]6fgL !* !# %( ;xfos cg';Gwfg

clws[t/f=k=t[=k|f= OlGh s]d]i6|L ) ! !

!) ;xfos jg:klt clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= jg jf]6fgL ) & & tLgj6f pBfgx? ;d]t

!! zfvf clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= K|zf;g K|zf;g ! !!@ n]vf clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= K|zf;g n]vf @ ) @ Vff/]h!# cl;:6]G6 af]6flgi6 /f=k=cg+

k|=-k|f=_jg af]6fgL $ @# ( ;'k/

efOh/ / X]8 uf8]{g/

lhNnf sfof{nox? -&_

lxdfnL hl8a'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|, x'Dnf

dWo kxf8L hl8a'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|, l;Gw'kfNrf]s

r'/] tyf pi0f k|b]zLo hl8a'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|, ;'g;/L

hl8a'6L tyf u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ cg';Gwfg s]Gb|x?

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, afFs]

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, h'Dnf

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, ;Nofg

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, dsjfgk''/

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, wg'iff

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, O{nfd

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, s}nfnL

32

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, dsjfgk''/ j=clws[t !;=j}=c=-jf]_ @;=j}=c=-s]_ @c=jf]= @v/Lbf/ !n]vfkfn !x]=lkm=c= !x]=lkm=c= $x]=sf= !x]eL ;=rf=!sf=;= !)

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, wg'iff;=j=c= !c=jf]= !;=n]=kf= !x]=lkm=c= !sf=;= $

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, O{nfd ;=j=c= !c=jf]= ! n]=kf= !x]=lkm=c= !sf=;= @

lhNnf sfof{nox?

33

$=# lhNnf sfof{nox?sf] k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs 9fFrf @)&! lhNnf sfof{nox?sf] k|:tfljt

b/jGbL t]l/h

s|=;+=


k|:tfljt

yk 36 s}lkmot

! jg:klt clws[t /f=k=lå=k|f jg af]6fgL # # ;fljssf] b/aGbLdf s'g} klg x]/km]/ gul/Psf] .

@ ;xfos jg:klt clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= jg jf]6fgL * *

# ;xfos j}1flgs clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= OlGh s]d]i6|L # #$ cl;:6]G6 af]6flgi6 /f=k=cg+

k|=-k|f=_jg af]6fgL ( (

% cl;:6]G6 s]ld:6 /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|f=_

OlGh, s]d]i6|L ! !

^ ;'k/efOh/ /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|f=_

OlGh, d]sflgsn ! !

& gfoa ;'Aaf /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|_

K|zf;g K|zf;g @ @

* n]vfkfn /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|_

K|zf;g n]vf % %

( ;xn]vfkfn /f=k=cg+= lå=-k|=_

K|zf;g n]vf @ @

!) x]8 lkmN8 cl;:6]G6

/f=k=cg+= lå=-k|f=_

jg af]6fgL !! !!

!! ;jf/L rfns >]0fL ljxLg OlGh d]sflgsn ! !!@ sfdbf/.dfnL >]0fL ljxLg #$ #$ ;fljssf]

b/aGbLdf s'g} klg x]/km]/ gul/Psf] .

HfDdf *) *)

b/jGbL t]/Lh -cg';Gwfg s]Gb|x?_/f=k=t[= – #/f=k=cg+=k|= – ^/f=k=cg+=lå – (;jf/L rfns – @sf=;=÷dfnL – !%s'n hDdf #%

lxdfnL hl8j'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|, x''''Dnf;xfos jg:klt clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ @x]8 lkmN8 cl;i6]06 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL_ @ /f=k=cg=+ k||=lå= k|zf;g, n]vf !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]]6fgL_ %

dWo kxf8L hl8j'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|, l;Gw'kfNrf]s;xfos jg:klt clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ @x]8 lkmN8 cl;i6]06 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL_ @ /f=k=cg=+ k||=lå= k|zf;g, n]vf !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]]6fgL_ % ;jf/L rfns->]0fL ljxLg_ !

r'/] tyf pi0f k|b]zLo hl8j'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|, ;'g;/L;xfos jg:klt clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ @x]8 lkmN8 cl;i6]06 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL_ @ /f=k=cg=+ k||=lå= k|zf;g, n]vf !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]]6fgL_ % ;jf/L rfns->]0fL ljxLg_ !


$=$ hl8a'6L tyf u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ cg';Gwfg s]Gb|x?sf] k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs 9fFrf @)&!

34

hl8a'6L tyf u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ cg';Gwfg s]Gb|x?s|=;+=


k|:tfljt

yk 36

s}lkmot

! ;xfos jg:klt clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= jg jf]6fgL ) # #@ cl;:6]G6 af]6flgi6 /f=k=cg+

k|=-k|f=_jg af]6fgL ) ^ ^

# x]8 lkmN8 cl;:6]G6


jg af]6fgL ) ^ ^

$ ;xn]vfkfn /f=k=cg+= lå=-k|=_

K|zf;g n]vf ) # #

% ;jf/L rfns >]0fL ljxLg OlGh d]sflgsn ) @ @ ;'g;/L / l;Gw'kfNwf]s

^ sfdbf/.dfnL >]0fL ljxLg ) !% !%

hDdf ) #% #%

ljZj zflGt h}ljs ljljwtf pBfg, sf:sL jg:klt clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos jg:klt clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ #;xfos kz' lrlsT;s /f=k=t[= k|f=s[lif !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ #x]8 lkmN8 cl;i6]06 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL_ # /f=k=cg=+ k|=k|= k|zf;g, n]vf !/f=k=c=+ k|=lå|= k|zf;g !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]]6fgL_ !) ;jf/L rfns->]0fL ljxLg_ !

/fdflky]s; jg:klt pBfg, ?kGb]xLjg:klt clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos jg:klt clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ @cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ #x]8 lkmN8 cl;i6]06 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL_ # /f=k=cg=+ k|=k|= k|zf;g, n]vf !/f=k=c=+ k|=lå|= k|zf;g !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]]6fgL_ * ;jf/L rfns->]0fL ljxLg_ !

b]j3f6 jg:klt pBfg, lrtjgjg:klt clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos jg:klt clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ @cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ #x]8 lkmN8 cl;i6]06 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL_ # /f=k=cg=+ k|=k|= k|zf;g, n]vf !/f=k=c=+ k|=lå= k|zf;g !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]]6fgL_ * ;jf/L rfns->]0fL ljxLg_ !

jg:klt pBfgx?

b/jGbL t]/Lh -pBfgx?_/f=k=lå – #/f=k=t[= – */f=k=cg+=k|= – !@/f=k=cg+=lå – !@;jf/L rfns – #sf=;=÷dfnL – @^s'n hDdf ^$

$=$ jg:klt pBfgx?sf] k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs 9fFrf @)&!

35

$=% jg:klt ljefusf] k|:tfljt ;+u7g, dxfzfvf tyf dftxtsf lgsfox?sf] sfo{ljj/0fjg:klt ljefu cGtu{t lgDg lnlvt # j6f dxfzfvfx? ,! j6f s]lGb|o sfof{no, & j6f lhNnf jg:klt sfof{nox?, # j6f hl8j'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|x? / # j6f xj{n kmfd{x? /x]sf 5g\ .s _ jg:klt ljefudf lgDgfg';f/ dxfzfvf / zfvfx? /xg]5g\ .

!= cg';Gwfg tyf of]hgf dxfzfvf

s_ gLlt tyf of]hgf zfvfv_ cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg zfvfu_k|rf/ k|;f/ tyf tflnd zfvf3_ h}ljs ljljwtf tyf hnjfo" kl/jt{g zfvfª _ pBfg ljsf; tyf dfkb08 zfvfr_ hl8j'6L ljsf; tyf k|j¢{g zfvf@= k|fs[lts ;Dkbf k|of]uzfnf dxfzfvf

s_ Jofkf/ k|j{åg zfvfv_ ;'ulGwt t]n zfvfu_ kmfO6f]s]ldsn zfvf3_ u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f zfvfª_ OG:6'«d]G6 zfvf #= jfof]k|:k]S6LË dxfzfvf

s_ afof]nf]lhsn zfvfv_ kmfdf{sf]Ugf];L tyf Plgdn xfp; zfvfu_ jfof]k|:k]S6LË zfvf3_ OG6]df]nf]hL tyf KnfG6 Kofyf]nf]hL zfvf

36

$= dxflgb]{zssf] dftxtdf /xg] u/L ljefudf lgDg zfvf /xg] 5

s_ k|zf;g zfvfv_ jg:klt ljefusf] dftxt /fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt pBfg s]Gb| gfds Ps s]lGb|o :t/sf] sfof{no /xg]5 . ;f] s]Gb| cGt/ut lgDg zfvf ,pBfgx? /xg] 5g\

!_ /fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt k|of]uzfnf zfvf@_ /fli6«o jg:klt pBfg zfvf #_ ljZj zflGt h}ljs ljljwtf pBfg, sf:sL#= ! xj{n kmfd{, d'l8s'jf, kj{t#= @ xj{n kmfd{, ;'Gb/jg, :ofËhf$_ /fdflky]s; jg:klt pBfg, ?kGb]lx%_ b]j3f6 jg:klt pBfg, lrtjgu= jg:klt ljefusf] dftxtdf lgDg hl8j'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|x? /xg]5g\ M

!_ lxdfnL hl8j'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|, x'Dnf@_ dWo kxf8L hl8j'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|, l;Gw'kfNrf]s#_ r'/] tyf pi0f k|b]zLo hl8j'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|, ;'g;/L

3= jg:klt ljefusf] dftxtdf lgDg lhNnf sfof{nox? -&_ /xg] 5g\ M

s_ lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, O{nfdv_ lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, wg'iffu_ lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, dsjfgk'/ u= ! xj{n kmfd{, jf/f 3_ lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, afFs]8_ lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, ;Nofg

37

r_ lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, h'Dnf5_ lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, s}nfnL

38

sfo{ljj/0fdxflgb]{zssf] dftxtdf /xg] u/L ljefudf lgDg zfvf /xg] 5

k|zf;g zfvf

ljefu / cGtu{t lgsfosf sd{rf/Lx?sf] lgo'lQm, ;?jf, kb:yfkgf, sfh, cjsfz ;DaGwL sfo{x? ug{],

ljefuLo sf/jfxL ;DaGwL sfo{x? ug]{, sd{rf/L ;"rgf k|0ffnL (Personnel Information System) cBfjlws / ;f] sf]

Joj:yfkg ug]{, ljefu tyf dftxt lgsfox? cGt/ut ;+rflnt cfof]hgf, kl/of]hgf tyf

sfo{qmdx?sf] nflu cfjZos c:yfoL b/aGbL :jLs[ltsf] nflu dGqfnodf k]z ug]{]{,

ljefu / cGt/ut sfof{no, OsfO{ tyf cfof]hgfsf nflu dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf; gLlt th'{dfdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg],

cbfnt, clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u, /fli6«o ;ts{tf s]Gb| af6 cfPsf kqx? / hgzlQm Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL sfo{x? ug]{ ,

ljefu / cGtu{t dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf; ;DaGwL dfkb08 agfpg], ljefu tyf dftxtsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] a9'jf, cWoog / c;fwf/0f

ljbf :jLs[ltsf] nflu dGqfnodf k]z ug]{, ljefu tyf dftxtsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg d"NofÍg ;DaGwL

sfdsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, l/Qm kbk"lt{sf nflu dGqfno tyf nf]s ;]jf

cfof]udf ;Dks{, ;dGjo tyf dfu kmf/fd nufotsf sfdx? ug]{ . ljefusf] nflu lhG;L ;fdfgx?sf] vl/b, ;+ro tyf pkof]usf] Joj:yf

ug]{, ljefusf] ;/sf/L ;DklQsf] nut /fVg], ;+/If0f / dd{t ;Def/ ug]{,

u/fpg], lhG;L ;fdfgx?sf] lg/LIf0fsf] Aoa:yf ug]{ u/fpg], lhG;L ;fdfgx?sf] cfkl"t{ / pkof]u ;DjGwdf ljefusfsf] ljleGg

dxfzfvf ,sfof{nox?, zfvf tyf OsfO aLr ;dGjo / ;xhLs/0f ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{,

lhG;L lg/LIf0faf6 lnnfd ug{ l;kmfl/z ePsf lhG;L ;fdfgx? lgodfg';f/ lnnfd ljqmL ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{,

ljefusf sd{rf/Lx?sf] xflh/L, ljbf ;DaGwL clen]v /fVg], sd{rf/L u'gf;f] Joj:yfkg lgb]{lzsf tyf lghfdtL ;]jf P]g tyf

lgodfjnL cg';f/ sd{rf/Lx?sf u'gf;fx? k|fKt u/L ;DalGwt clwsf/L÷ ;ldlt ;dIf k|:t't ug]{ / lgsfzf eP cg';f/ Joj:yfkgdf ;3fpg],

cfGtl/s kfnf] kx/fsf] Joj:yf, ef}lts ;DklQsf] ;'/Iff, ;/;kmfO{, dd{t ;Def/ sfo{sf] Joj:yfkg ug]{,

39

a}7s, ;df/f]x ;DaGwL sfo{sf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ .

40

ljefusf] sfo{qmd / jh]6 th'{df ubf{ rfn' tkm{ ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd th'{df u/L k"FhLut tkm{ jh]6 tyf sfo{qmd tof/ ug{ of]hgf zfvfnfO{ ;xof]u ug]{,

ljefu / cGt/utsf] cfly{s k|zf;g ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{, ljefusf sd{rf/Lx?sf] lgodfg';f/ tnj eQf, n'uf eQf, b}lgs tyf

e|d0f–eQf :jLs[t tyf pknAw ug]{ u/fpg], ljefusf] jflif{s :jLs[t of]hgf tyf sfo{qmd cg'?ksf] jh]6 lgsf;f

lng], vftf ;~rfng ug]{, lgsf;f / cfDbfgL k|fKt ug]{ tyf ah]6 vr{ ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg], ljefu cGtu{tsf sfof{no tyf cfof]hgfx? tyf cfof]hgfx?

nfO{ ljlgof]lht /sdsf] clVtof/L lbg k]z ug]{, ljefu / cGtu{t lgsfox?sf] s]Gb|Lo / sfo{ ;~rfng:t/sf] cfly{s

k|zf;g ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{, cfDbfgL tyf vr{sf] n]vf /fVg] / lgoldt k|ltj]bg ug]{, ljefusf] cfly{s sf/f]jf/sf] ;DaGwdf /fo k/fdz{ lbg], ljefudf k|fKt x'g] cfDbfgL tyf vr{sf] cfGtl/s / clGtd n]vf

k/LIf0f u/fpg], a]?h'sf] nut /fvL km5\of}{6 ug]{, u/fpg] tyf ;Dk/LIf0fsf

nflu k]z ug]{, :jLs[t sfo{qmdx?sf] nflu tf]lsPsf] ah]6 s'g} lzif{sdf gk'u

ePdf jrt x'g] lzif{saf6 lgodfg';f/ /sdfGt/ ug{ k]z ug]{, jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f tof/ ug]{, w/f}6Lsf] n]vf /fVg], sfg"g adf]lhd c;"n pk/ ug'{kg]{ ;/sf/L gubL, lhG;L c;"n pk/

;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{, ljefu dftxtsf lgsfox?af6 ;+rfng x'g] :jLs[t sfo{qmdsf] nflu

tf]lsPsf] ah]6 /sd sfof{Gjog ug]{ lgsfodf lgsf;f k7fpg], ljefusf] nflu lhG;L ;fdfgx?sf] vl/b, ;+ro tyf pkof]usf] Joj:yf

ug]{, ljefusf] ;/sf/L ;DklQsf] nut /fVg], ;+/If0f / dd{t ;Def/ ug]{,

u/fpg], lhG;L ;fdfgx?sf] lg/LIf0fsf] Aoa:yf ug]{ u/fpg], lhG;L ;fdfgx?sf] cfkl"t{ / pkof]u ;DjGwdf ljefusfsf] ljleGg



lhG;L ;fdfgx?sf] >]:tf /fVg] . ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{nosf] ;Dks{ ljGb'sf] sfo{ ug]{,

41

vl/b Joj:yfkg;+u ;DalGwt hgzlQmsf] ljsf; ;DaGwL sfo{x? ug]{,

dftxt lgsfosf] vl/b Joj:yfkg sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg], ;fy} vl/b sfo{sf] cg'udg ug]{,

k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] c;f/ d;fGtdf jif{e/L vl/b ePsf dfn;fdfgx? / vr{ ePsf] /sdsf] km]xl/:t tof/ ug]{,

;fljs cfly{s jif{sf] km]xl/:tsf] cfwf/df sd{rf/L ;+Vofsf] j[l4÷ Go"gtf÷ d"No j[l4 b/ ;d]t ljrf/ u/L cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ dfn;fdfgx? / ;f] dfn;fdfgx? vl/b ubf{ nfUg] /sdsf] k|If]k0f u/L vl/b of]hgf lgdf{0f ug]{ sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg],

tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

!= cg';Gwfg tyf of]hgf dxfzfvf jg:klt ;|f]tsf] cWoog cg';Gwfg tyf la:tf/sf nflu pko'Qm

sfo{qmdx? klxrfg ug]{, jg:klt ;|f]tsf] cWoog cg';Gwfgjf6 cfPsf glthfx?

nfO{ clen]lvs/0f ug]{, jfg:klts ljljwtf ;DaGwL n]vfhf]vf /fVg] sfo{df ;3fp k'¥ofpg

jg:klt ;|f]t ;DaGwL cWoog cg';Gwfgdf k|ToIf ;+nUg /x]sf /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;+3, ;+:yf tyf ;DalGwt lgsfox?;+u ;dGjo u/L jg:klt ;|f]tsf] cj:yfjf/] tYofÍ ;+sng ug]{,

hnjfo' kl/jt{g tyf pTkGg c;/x?sf] Go'lgs/0f tkm{ cWoog, cg';Gwfg ug]{,

jg:klt If]q;Fu ;/f]sf/ ePsf] ljifoj:t'x?df gLlt lgdf{0f tyf ljefu;+u ;DalGwt P]g, lgodfjnL / lgb]{lzsfx?df ;+zf]wg, kl/dfh{g ;DalGw sfo{ ug]{,

cfjlws of]hgf, jflif{s jh]6 tyf sfo{qmd tof/ u/L :jLs[tsf nflu dGqfnodf k]z ug]{],

k|To]s jif{ sfo{qmd tyf ah]6 tof/ ug'{ cufl8 ljefudf k"j{ of]hgf th'{df uf]i7L u/L ah]6 Pj+ sfo{qmd th'{dfdf Ps?ktf Pj+ u'0f:t/ sfod ug]{,

ljsf; cfof]hgfsf] ah]6 ;DaGwdf /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u, cy{ dGqfno / jg tyf e";+/If0f dGqfno;+u nflu ;dGjostf{sf] ?kdf sfd ug]{,

:jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmddf yk cfly{s ef/ gkg]{ u/L sfo{qmd ;+zf]wg Pjd\ :jLs[t u/fO{ ;DalGwt lgsfodf k7fpg],

/fli6«o tyf cGt/fli6«o u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿;Fu ;Dks{ / ;dGjo ug]{ u/fpg],

42

j}b]lzs ;xfotfsf] nflu k|:tfjx? ;+sng, th'{df tyf k|lqmof k"/f u/L dGqfnodf k]z ug]{,

ljleGg ldq /fi6« tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;xof]u ;+:yfsf] ;xof]udf ;+rflnt cfof]hgfx¿ ;DaGwL sfo{x?sf] ;Dks{ / ;dGjo ug]{ u/fpg],

jg:klt ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f, Joj:yfkg, ;b'kof]u ;DaGwL sfo{df cfjZos gLltut lg0f{osf nflu /fo pknAw u/fpg],

;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox?;Fu 5nkmn cGt/lqmofaf6 hl8a'6L, ;'ulGwt tyf cf}ifwLhGo k}bfjf/sf] a[xQ/ ljsf; / k|j4{g, Joj:yfkg, ;+/If0f, ;Da4{g / ;b'k|of]u ;lxtsf] gofF of]hgf th'{df ug]{,

tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{ ug]{ .

s_ gLlt tyf of]hgf zfvf

jg:klt ljefu;+u ;/f]sf/ ePsf] ljifoj:t'x?df gLlt, /0fgLlt, sfo{gLlt, th'{df ug]{ tyf ;f] ;DaGwdf ;DfGjo tyf ;xlhs/0f ug]{,

cGo If]q;Fu jflemPsf gLltut Pj+ sfg"gL ljifo j:t'x?sf] klxrfg u/L ;dfwfgsf] nflu cfjZos ;'emfj k]z ug]{,

jg:klt ;|f]t;+u ;DalGwt P]g, lgodfjnL, lgb]{lzsf, sfo{ljlwx?df ;+zf]wg jf gofF agfpg' k/]df cfjZos ;xhLs/0f ug]{,

jg:klt / ;f] ;+u ;DjlGwt cg';Gwfg, ;j]{If0f,] ;+/If0f tyf ;Dj4{g;+u ;DalGwt ljifosf] jflif{s gLlt tyf sfo{qmdsf] d:of}bf tof/ ug]{,

jg:klt pBfgx?;+u ;DalGwt gLlt tyf of]hgf th'{df ug]{, jg:klt ;|f]tsf]] ;+/If0f tyf Joj:yfkg ;DjGwdf cfjZos gLltut

lg0f{osf nflu /fo dxfzfvfdf k]z ug]{, jg:klt cg';Gwfg ;DaGwL gLlt tyf of]hgf th'{dfdf ;dGjo

Pj+ ;xof]u ug]{, zx/L pBfg ;DaGwL gLlt tyf sfo{ of]hgf

th'{dfdf ;dGjo / ;xof]u ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{, jg:klt ;|f]t;DaGwdf cWoog ul/Psf tYof+sx?sf] ljZn]if0f u/L

of]hgf th'{df u/L dxfzfvfdf k]z ug]{ . cfjlws of]hgf cg'?ksf jflif{s ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd tof/ ug]{, sfo{qmd tyf ah]6 ;DaGwdf jg tyf e" ;+/If0f dGqfno,

/fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u Pj+ cy{ dGqfno;+u cfjZos ;Dks{ sfod ug]{,

ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd th'{df ;DaGwdf ljefusf dxfzfvf tyf cGtu{tsf sfof{nox?jf6 /fo, ;'emfj k|fKt ug]{,

ah]6 tyf sfo{qmddf Ps?ktf Pj+ u'0f:t/ sfod ug{ k|To]s jif{ 43

sfo{qmd tyf ah]6 tof/ ug'{ cl3 ljefudf 5nkmn ug]{, :jLs[t sfo{qmdsf] sfof{Gjog sfo{of]hgf tof/ ug]{ . :jLs[t jflif{s sfo{qmddf yk cfly{s ef/ gkg]{ u/L sfo{qmd ;

+zf]wg ;DaGwL sfo{sf] p7fg ug]{, tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

v_cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg zfvf

ljefu / cGtu{tsf sfof{nox¿ / kl/of]hgfaf6 ;~rflnt jflif{s sfo{qmd, of]hgf tyf cfof]hgfx¿sf] k"j{lgwf{l/t nIo cg'?k sfof{Gjog eP gePsf] cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg ug]{ u/fpg],

ljefu / cGtu{tsf sfof{nox?af6 k|fKt dfl;s, rf}dfl;s, cw{jflif{s, ci6dfl;s / jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bgx¿ dGqfnodf tf]lsPsf] Dofbleq k7fpg] .

rf}dfl;s / jflif{s k|ult ;dLIff / cfjZostf cg';f/ dGqfno :t/Lo ljsf; ;d:of ;dfwfg j}7sdf k]z ug]{,

cg'udg tyf d"NofÍgaf6 b]lvPsf jg:klt If]q;Fu ;DalGwt ljljw kIfsf ;d:ofx? lg/fs/0fsf nflu pko'Qm pkfox¿ l;kmfl/z ug]{ / ;DalGwt lgsfodf hfgsf/L u/fpg],

:jb]zL tyf ljb]zL bft[ ;+3÷;+:yfsf] ;xof]udf ;~rflnt cfof]hgf÷kl/of]hgf, sfo{qmd k"j{ lgwf{l/t nIocg'?k sfof{Gjog eP gePsf] cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg ug]{ u/fpg],

:jLs[t sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L 9+un] ;~rfngsf nflu ljefu, If]qLo lgb]{zgfno Pj+ lhNnf:t/Lo sfof{nox?;Fu ;Dks{ / ;dGjo ug]{ .

ljefusf dxfzfvf Pj+ ljefuLo k|d'v;+u cfjZostf cg'?k /fo cfbfg k|bfg ug]{,

cfof]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx?sf] kl/of]hgf k|:tfjsf cfwf/df cg'udg ;"rsx? tof/ ug]{,

;~rflnt sfo{qmdx? tyf cfof]hgfx?sf] cg'udg ug]{, dfl;s, lådfl;s, rf}dfl;s, cw{jflif{s, jflif{s tyf cfjZostf

cg';f/ ;ldIff j}7sx? ug]{, cfof]hgf tyf sfo{qmdsf cg'udg k|ltj]bgx?sf] ljZn]if0f ug]{, cfof]hgf tyf sfo{qmdsf ljleGg r/0fdf cg'udg u/L cfut,

lgu{t, ;do, nfut, k|efj cflbsf] kIfaf6 cfof]hgf tyf sfo{qmdsf] d"NofÍg ug]{,

d"NofÍgaf6 k|fKt k[i7kf]if0f ;DalGwt dxfzfvf ÷zfvf ÷sfof{nox?nfO{ pknJw u/fpg],

d"NofÍg k|ltj]bgsf lgrf]8x? sfo{zfnf tyf uf]i7Lx? dfkm{t k|;f/ ug]{,

44

ljefu / cGt/ut lgsfo÷sfof{nox?af6 cfjZostfg';f/sf cfjlws k|ltj]bgx? k|fKt u/L] Plss[t k|ltj]bg tof/ ug]{ / dGqfnodf k7fpg] ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{,

d"Nofªaf6 k|fKt ePsf] glthfnfO{ jflif{s k|ltj]bg k|fKt u/L cfufdL sfo{qmdsf] nflu of]hgf tyf cg';Gwfg dxfzfvfdf k7fpg],


u_ k|rf/ k|;f/ tyf tflnd zfvf

;"rgfsf] xs;DaGwL P]g tyf lgodfjnL cg';f/sf] ;"rgf clwsf/Lsf] sfo{df ;xof]u ug{],

ljefu / cGtu{tsf ljleGg dxfzfvf, zfvf, ljefu, cfof]hgf, :f+:yfgsf dxTjk"0f{ 8f6fj]; /fVg], cBfjlws ug]{, cfb]z cg';f/ ;Dk|]if0f ug]{ .

ljefu / cGtu{tsf lgsfo;Fu ;dGjo u/L tYof+sx? k|fKt ug]{, ljZn]if0f ug]{ / cfb]z cg';f/ pkof]u ug]{, tYof+s pkof]u ug{ cGo zfvfdf k7fpg],

jg:klt If]q;Fu ;DjlGwt tyf pkof]uL k':ts, cWoog cg';Gwfgjf6 k|fKt k|ltj]bgx? ;'/lIft /fvL clen]lvs/0f tyf ;b'kof]u ug]{ Aoj:yf ug]{,

ljefusf] MIS ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{ ;fy} dxfzfvf leqsf] MIS Component Update u/L ljj/0f cWofjlws ug]{,

dGqfno / laefux?aLr ;"rgf ;+hfn (Information Network) :yfkgf ug]{,

dGqfnojf6 k|fKt tyf ljefuaf6 ePsf lg0f{ox? ;DalGwt zfvf dxfzfvfx?;+u ;dGjo u/L k|fKt ug]{ / clen]vLs/0f ug]{,

dGqfno;+u ;DalGwt / ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf ;"rgf dfu ug{ cfpg] kIfsf lgj]bg u|x0f u/L ;"rgf pknJw u/fpg ldNg] gldNg] ljZn]if0f ug]{ / ;"rgf clwsf/L ;dIf k]z ug]{,

clen]vLs[t ;"rgfx?sf] juL{s/0f u/L uf]Ko /fVg' kg]{ ;"rgfx? k|dfl0ft ug{sf nflu k]z ug]{ / juL{s[t ;"rgfx?sf] 5'6[f5'6[} clen]v /fVg],

ljefusf] k':tsfno Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{, b}lgs uf]/vfkq Pj+ cGo dxTjk"0f{ klqsf, k':ts, kf]i6/ cflbsf] lgoldt ;+sng / clen]vLs/0f ug]{,

dGqfno / cGtu{tsf ljleGg dxfzfvf, zfvf, ljefu, cfof]hgf, :f+:yfgsf dxTjk"0f{ 8f6fj]; cBfjlws ;DaGwL sfo{ .

jg:klt pBfgx?sf] If]qkmn Plsg u/L cBfjlws u/L clen]lvs/0f ug]{ .

zx/L pBfgdf l;kmfl/z ul/Psf k|hfltx?sf] tYofÍ cBfjlws ug]{ .

45

ljefudf l;kmfl/z e} cfPsf gj k|j]zL sd{rf/Lx?sf nflu cfwf/e"t tflnd k|bfg ug{ cfjZos sfo{qmd th'{df ug{ kxn ug]{,

jg:klt ljefu cGt/utsf hgzlQmsf] nflu tflndsf] Joj:yf ug]{, jg:klt ljefu ;DaGwL hgzlQmsf] nflu tflndsf] cfjZostf klxrfg

u/L ;f] cg'?ksf] tflnd kf7\oqmd lgdf{0f ;DaGwL] sfo{ ug]{, tflnd ;DaGwL gLlt tyf dfkb08 sfof{Gjog ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]

{, tflnd lnO ;s]sf hgzlQmx?sf] cg'udg ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{, jg:klt ;DaGwL r]tgfd"ns sfo{qmdx? ljleGg dfWodx?af6 k|

rf/ k|;f/ ug]{, jg:klt cg';Gwfgaf6 k|fKt glthfnfO{ ;d'bfo, lhNnf l:yt

sfof{nox? / ;/f]sf/jfnfx? ;dIf k'¥ofpg], jg:klt cg';Gwfgsf] glthfnfO{ tflnddf ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L

;/f]sf/jfnfx? ;dIf k'¥ofpg], jg:klt ;|f]t ;Dkbf ;DaGwL k|rf/ k|;f/d"ns ;fdfu|L pTkfbg tyf

ljt/0f ug]{, ljefu cGtu{t ;+rf/ ;+hfn :yfkgf tyf lj:tf/ ug]{, ljefuLo Website

update ug]{, gofF ;'rgf /fVg], ljefusf] ;xefuLtfdf ;+rfng x'g] k|bz{gL sfo{qmddf ;dGjo

ug]{, jg:klt ljefusf ;Dk"0f{ sfd sf/jfxLx?nfO{ Psåf/ k|0ffnLsf]

cfw'lgs MIS (Management Information System) k|0ffnL nfu" ug]{,

jg:klt ljefusf] cd"No lgwLx?, k|sf;gx?nfO{ l8lh6n k|ljlwdf clen]lvs/0f u/L ;'/lIft ?kdf k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] ;]jf k|jfx ug]{,

ljefudf /x]sf] k':tsfnosf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

3_h}ljs ljljwtf tyf hnjfo" kl/jt{g zfvf

g]kfndf kfO{g] jg:klt ljljwtf ;DaGwL n]vf hf]vf /fVg] . h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f;+u ;DaGwLt /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o k|

ltj4tf cg';f/ sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{ ljefuLo lqmofsnfknfO{ ;3fp k'¥ofpg] .

h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f ;Da4{g ;DaGwL hgr]tgf clea[l4 ug]{ . GTI (Global Taxonomic Initiative) ;+oGqsf] ;lrjfnosf] ?kdf sfd ug]{ . CITES df ;'lrs[t jg:kltx?sf] cg';"lr cWofjlws ug{ cWoog

cg';Gwfg ug]{ . CITES df ;'lrs[t jg:kltx?sf] cg';"lr cWofjlws ug{ l;kmfl/z ug]

{ .46

jg:kltdf kg]{ hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL c;/ cWoog, cg';Gwfg ug]{ tyf Go'gLs/0fsf pkfox? klxNofpg] .

hnjfo" kl/jt{gn] Nofpg ;Sg] hf]lvdx?sf] cfsng u/]/ :yfgLo cg's'ngsf pkfox? kQf nufpg] .


ª_ pBfg ljsf; tyf dfkb08 zfvf

l;+xb/jf/ kl/;/ leqsf] dGqfno, ljefusf] kl/z/df /x]sf pBfgx?sf] Joj:yfkg PJf+ ljsf; sfo{ ug]{ .

/fi6«klt , pk/fi6«klt sfof{no, ;lj+wfg ;ef ejg, dGqL lgjf;df /x]sf pBfgx?sf] Joj:yfkg PJf+ ljsf; sfo{ ug]{ .

/fli6«o kj{x? tyf ;df/f]x?df cfjZos zf]egLo km"n, dfnf, u'R5f, udnf pknAw u/fO{ ;hfj6df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .

ljleGg ;/sf/L lgsfox?af6 dfu cfP adf]lhd udnf, u'R5f, dfnf cflbsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .

/fli6«o tyf cGt/fli6«o :t/sf clt ljlzi6 kfx'gfx?nfO{ :jfut ;Ddfg ug{sf] nflu cfj:os zf]egLo km"n, dfnf, u'R5f, udnf pknAw u/fpg],

ltj| ?kdf zx/Ls/0f eO{/x]sf 3gf If]qx?df xl/ofnLo'Qm ;f}Gbo{ sfod /fVg pko'Qm zf]egLo jg:kltx?sf] klxrfg / l;kmf/L; ug]{ .

zx/L If]qleq pBfgx?sf] :yfkgf / lj:tf/df k|fljlws ;xof]u k'¥ofpg],

zx/L ljsf; tyf ejg lgdf0f{ ljefu, dxfgu/kflnsf, gu/kflnsf h:tf ;/sf/L lgsfox?;Fu ;xsfo{ u/]/ lgdf{0f sfo{x?df pBfg :yfkgf tyf km"n lj?jf /f]k0fsf] dfkb08 cfrf/ ;+lxtfsf] ljsf; ug]{,

zx/L If]qdf j[Iff/f]k0f ul/g] jg:klt k|hfltsf] l;kmfl/; tyf dfkb08 tof/ ug]{,

dfkb08 jdf]lhd lj?jfx? /f]k0f eP gePsf] cg'udg ul/ ;DjlGwt lgsfodf k[i7kf]if0f lbg],

gu/kflnsf, df pBfg ljsf;sf] nflu ;dGjo ug]{, ljBfno, ljZjljBfnox?df cGo ;+3 ;:yfx?df pBfg ljsf; ;DjlGw

hgr]tgf km}nfpg], Ps gu/ jx' pBfg sfo{qmdnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{, tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

47

r_ hl8j'6L ljsf; tyf k|j¢{g zfvf h8Lj'6Lx?sf] dfu, k|of]u / d"Nosf] cfwf/df klxrfg ug]{ cfly{s dxTjsf h8La'6Lx?sf] klxrfg, ;+/If0f tyf ;Djw{g ug]

{ tyf h8La'6Lx?sf] 3/]n's/0f, v]tL k|ljlwsf] ljsf; ug]{ . v]tL k|ljlw ljsf; ePsf pkof]uL h8La'6Lx?sf] k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f

ug]{, g]kfndf kfOg] h8La'6Lx?sf] ;e]{If0f u/L clen]v tof/ ug]{, dfu eP jdf]lhd ljBfno, sn]h tyf ljZjljBfnox?df hl8j'l6

jfl6sf :yfkgf ug,]{ hl8j'6Lx?df nfUg] /f]ux?sf] jf/]df cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{, hl8j'6Lsf] v]tL k|ljlw, ;+/If0f ;DjlGw hgr]tgf km}nfpg], lhNnf sfof{nox?sf] hl8j'6L ;DjlGwcg';Gwfg tyf cGo

lqmofsnfkx?sf] clen]lvs/0f ug]{, jg:klt ljefu tyf cGo ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;+u hl8j'6L ljsf;sf nflu ;xsfo{

tyf ;dGjo ug]{, tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

@= k|fs[lts ;Dkbf k|of]uzfnf dxfzfvf h8Lj'6L tyf ;'ulGwt jg:kltx?sf] /f;folgs tTjx?sf] cWoog

cg';Gwfg ug]{, b'n{e jGo hGt' / jg:kltx?sf] cGt/fli6«o dxf;lGw (CITES)

sfof{Gjogsf] nflu /f;folgs, jfof]nf]lhsn / OG;6«'d]G6n ljZn]if0f ;]jf k|bfg ug]{,

;]jfu|fxLn] jg:klthGo kbfy{sf] ;f/tTj b]z jflx/ k7fpg kg]{ eP To:tf] kbfy{sf] k|dfl0fs/0f sfo{ ug]{,

;'ulGwt t]nsf] cWoog c'g;Gwfg kZrft pko'Qm k|ljlw kfO{n6 :t/df pTkfbg ug{ l;kmfl/; ug]{,

cf}ifwLhGo tyf ;'uGwLt jg:kltx?;+u ;DjlGwt ljleGg z}lIfs ;+:yfx?jf6 k|of]ufTds sIffsf] nflu cg'/f]w eO{ cfPdf k|of]uzfnfdf pknJw ;]jf k|bfg ug]{,

k/Dk/fut 1fg / cEof;x?sf] cfwf/df jfg:klts -cf0f'jf+lzs ;|f]t_ / h}ljs /;fogsf]

48

klxrfg tyf ;f/tTj ljZn]if0f u/L k|ljlw / u'0fx?sf] Patenting

tkm{ cl3 a9fpg], tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

s_ Jofkf/ k|j{åg zfvf

cf}ifwLhGo tyf ;'ulGwt jg:kltx?jf6 pTkflbt j:t'sf] k/LIf0f tyf ljZn]if0f ;]jf lbg] . cfjZos k/]df o; sfof{nosf] cGo zfvfx?;+u k|fljlws ;Nnfx tyf ;'emfj lnO{ ;dGjo u/L ljZn]if0f ;]jf lbg] .

b'n{e jGo hGt' / jg:kltx?sf] cGt/fli6«o dxf;lGw (CITES) tyf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ljleGg P]g lgodx?, jg:klt hGo kbfy{x?sf] ;f/tTjsf] ljZn]if0f ;]jf lbO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ u/fpgdf ;xof]u ug]{ .

;]jfu|fxLn] jg:klthGo kbfy{sf] ;f/tTj b]z jflx/ k7fpg kg]{ eP To:tf] kbfy{sf] k|dfl0fs/0fsf] nflu o; sfof{noaf6 lgDg lnlvt sfo{x? ul/G5 .

s_ ;]jfu|flxn] ;]jf dfu]sf] :yfgdf uO{ gd'gf ;+sng u/L l;n ug]{ .

v_ ;]jfu|flxn] k|of]uzfnfdf cfO{ ;]jf dfu]df gd'gf ;+sng u/L l;n ug]{ .

u_ ;+slnt gd'gfx?sf] ljZn]if0f kZrft Report lbg] . tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

v_ ;'ulGwt t]n zfvf

ljleGg ;'ulGwt jg:kltx?af6 ;'ulGwt t]n pTkfbg ug]{ . ;'ulGwt t]nx?sf] Physticochemical Parameters kQf nufpg] . cWoog c'g;Gwfg kZrft pko'Qm k|ljlw kfO{n6 :t/df ;'ulGwt

t]n pTkfbg ug{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ . cWoogsf glthfx?nfO{ :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL hg{nx?df k|sf;g ug]

{ u/fpg] . tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

u_ kmfO6f]s]ldsn zfvf

kmfdf{sf]Ugf];L zfvfaf6 k|fKt lj?jfx?sf] ;f/tTj lgsfNg] . ;f/tTjsf] Phytochemical Screening ug]{ . Phytochemical Screening kZrft Biologically Active u'0f b]lvPsf]

49

pkof]uL /;fog kQf nufpg] . pkof]uL /;fogx? ljleGg a}1flgs pks/0f h:t}M TLC, VLC, Column

Chromatography, UV, IR, Mass, NMR Spectroscopy sf] d2taf6 5'§ofpg] tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

50

3_ u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f zfvf

k/Dk/fut 1fg / cEof;x?sf] cfwf/df jfg:klts -cf0f'jf+lzs ;|f]t_ / h}ljs /;fogsf]

klxrfg tyf ;f/tTj ljZn]if0f u/L k|ljlw / u'0fx?sf] Patenting tkm{ cl3 a9fpg],

sfof{nosf cGo zfvfx?af6 Nofa :s]ndf cWoog, cg';Gwfg eO{ l;kmfl/; ePsf k|ljlwx?nfO{ k|j{4g u/L Drug formulation

sf] ;'q t}of/ kfg]{, g]kfndf kfOg] jg:kltx?af6 k|fKt /;fogx?sf] dfqf /

;f/tTjsf] :6f088{ agfpg], tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

ª_ OG:6'«d]G6 zfvf

cg';Gwfg sfo{df cfjZos kg]{ j}1flgs pks/0fsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{,

ljefu / cGtu{tsf sfof{nox? tyf ;+3, ;+:yf tyf JolQmnfO{ cfjZos OG:6'«d]G6 ljZn]if0f ;]jf tyf cfjZostf cg';f/ /;fog k/LIf0f (Qualitative / Quantitative) ;]jf pknAw u/fpg],

b]xfo jdf]lhdsf OG:6'«d]G6n ;]jfx? k|bfg ug]{!= GCMS ljZn]if0f @= HPLC ljZn]if0f ;]jf#= Infrared ljZn]if0f ;]jf $= Refractive Index ;]jf%=Ultravoilet ljZn]if0f ;]jf ^= Polarimeter ;]jf&= HPTLC ;]jf *= GC ;]jf


#= jfof]nf]lhsn dxfzfvf g]kfndf kfOg] jg:kltx?sf] ;b'kof]usf nflu ;f] ;|f]tx?sf]

cf}ifwLhGo tyf cGo u'0f klxrfg u/L ;Defljt pkof]usf] tl/sf ;DjlGw cg';Gwfg ug]{,

jfof]k|:k]lS6Ë sfo{sf] nflu k|fs[lts ;Dkbf k|of]uzfnf dxfzfvf / /fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt pBfg s]Gb|;Fu ;dGjo tyf ;xsfo{ ug]{,

jg:klt ljefu cGtu{tsf ;~rflnt cg';Gwfg sfo{x?jf6 ljsl;t ;j} 51

jg:klt hGo ;f/tTj, gofF kmd{'n]zg, j0f{z+s/, k|hflt cflbsf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf Intellectual Property Right bfjL ug{ l;kmfl/; ug]{,


s_ dfOqmf]jfof]nf]lhsn zfvf

g]kfndf kfO{g] h8La'6L tyf cGo jg:kltx?sf] P06LdfOqmf]ljon (Antimicrobial) u'0fx?sf] k/LIf0fsf nflu cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ .

;"Id hLjf0f'x?sf] ;+qmd0f ;DaGwL k/LIf0f ug]{ . h8Lj'6L tyf cGo jg:klt hGo pTkfbgx?sf] ;"IdhLljo ;+b"ifs

k/LIf0f (microbial contaminants analysis) u/L ;f]sf] k|ltj]bg lbg] . tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

v_ jfof]k|f]:k]lS6Ë tyf kmfdf{sf]Ugf]zL zfvf

ljleGg zfvfx?;+u ;dGjo u/L tL zfvfx?nfO{ cfjZos h8La'6L Pj+ ;'ulGwt t]nhGo lj?jfx? ;+sng ug]{ .

;+slnt lj?Jffx?sf] klxrfg ug]{ . ;+slnt h8La'6L Museum df ;dfj]z ug]{, ;+slnt jg:kltsf gd"gfx?nfO{ j}1flgs 9fFrfdf n]alnË

u/]/ ;fj{hlgs k|bz{gdf /fVg] ljleGg ljZjljBfno, ljBfnoaf6 cfpg] zf]wfyL{ tyf ljBfyL{x?

nfO{ ;+slnt gd"gfx? af/] hfgsf/L lbg] . lj?jfsf] ck|zf]lwt, cw{ k|zf]lwt efux? klxrfg u/L afXo ;]jf

lbg], jg:klt ljefu cGtu{tsf ;~rflnt cg';Gwfg sfo{x?jf6 ljsl;t ;j}

jg:klt hGo ;f/tTj, gofF kmd{'n]zg, j0f{z+s/, k|hflt cflbsf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf Patent bfjL ug{ l;kmfl/; ug]{,

;+slnt gd"gfx?sf] af/]df hfgsf/L d"ns k':ts k'l:tsf k|sf;g ug]{,


u_ kmfdf{sf]nf]hL tyf Plgdn xfp; zfvf

52

jg:klthGo cf}ifwLx?sf] k|efj ljleGg hgfj/x?sf] zf/Ll/s k|0ffnLdf x]g]{ .

jg:kltsf ;f/tTjx?sf] k|efj kl/If0f ubf{ ltgLx?sf] ;fO8 Ok]mS6 af/]df cWoog ug]{ .

jg:klt / jg:klthGo ;f/tTjx?sf] sfd / k|efjsf] cfwf/df dfqf lgwf{/0f ug]{

v/fof], lugLlku, d';f tyf dfO;x? kfnL ltgLx?sf] ;+/If0f sfo{ ug]{ .

o; sfo{qmd k|of]hgsf] nflu jg:klthGo cf}ifwLx?sf] k|efj cWoog ug{ dfu adf]lhdsf] hgfj/ pknAw u/fpg] .

afX\o ;+3, ;:yfx?af6 hgfj/ dfu ePdf o; sfof{nosf] gful/s a8fkqdf pNn]v eP cg';f/ hgfj/ pknAw u/fpg] .

kflnPsf hGt'x?sf] k|hgg b/, hLjg rqm cflbsf] af/]df cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ / k|fKt glthfx?nfO{ :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL hg{nx?df k|sf;g ug]{

jfof]nf]lhsn dxfzfvf cGtu{t /x]sf cGo zfvfx?df ;~rflnt cg';Gwfgsf] cfwf/df gofF cf}ifwLx?sf] kmd{'n]zg ljsf; ug]{,

ljsl;t kmd{'n]zgx?sf] ;DjlGwt zfvfx?sf] ;xsfo{df pkof]u tyf c;/x?sf] cWoog ug]{,

tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ . ª_ OG6f]df]nf]hL tyf KnfG6 Kofyf]nf]hL zfvf

ljleGg h+unL tyf v]tL ul/Psf jg:kltx?df nfUg] /f]uls/fx?sf] cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ .

/f]uL lj?jfx?sf] gd'gf ;+sng ug]{ . /f]ux?sf] klxrfg u/L lg/fs/0f ug]{ tl/sfsf] ljsf; ug]{ . /f]u nfu]sf lj?jfx?af6 zq'hLj / ldqhLjx?sf] klxrfg u/L cfjZos

Joj:yfkg ug]{ . h8Lj'6L v]tL ubf{ cfOkg]{ ;fdflhs, cfly{s bfloTj cflbsf]

n]vfhf]v ug]{ . tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

$= /fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt pBfg s]Gb| g]kfndf ePsf jg:kltx?sf] xj]{l/od gd"gf ;+sng, klxrfg u/L

xj]{l/oddf ;+/If0f ug]{,

53

;+slnt gd'gfx? ;fy} hLljt jg:kltx? cWoog cg';Gwfg u/L PsLs[t tYofÍ Pj+ ljj/0fx? ;dfj]z u|Gy -g]kfn ˆnf]/f_ k|sfzg ug]{,

xj]{l/od gd"gfx?sf] l8lh6fOh]zg ug]{, pko'Qm e"–jgf}6 x]/L jg:klt pBfgdf hLljt lj?jfx?sf] ;+sng

tyf ;+/If0f ug{], ljZj zfGtL h}ljs ljljwtf pBfg, sf:sL, /fdflky]s; jg:klt pBfg, ?

kGb]xL / b]j3f6 jg:klt pBfg, lrtjgsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, cfly{s b[li6sf]0fn] dxTjk"0f{ tyf b'n{e ,nf]kf]Gd'v jg:klt

k|hfltx?sf] tGt' k|hgg\ k|f]6f]sn -Tissue culture protocol ) ljsf; ug]{,

k|ljlw ljsf; e} ;s]sf jg:kltx?sf] Pilot scale df pTkfbg tyf ;+/If0f ug{ cg';Gwfg ug]{,

:jb]zL zf]egLo km"n lj?jfx?sf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg ug]{, :jb]zL zf]egLo km"n lj?jfx?sf] 3/]n's/0f tyf lj:tf/sf k|ljlw

ljsf; ug]{, b'n{e, nf]kf]Gd'v tyf ;+s6fkGg jg:kltx?sf] ljleGg :yfgx?

jf6 ;+sng u/L tL jg:klt k|hfltx?sf] ;+/If0f, cWoog cg';Gwfg tyf clen]lvs/0f ug]{,

pBfg leq ljleGg hflt ljif]z pBfgx?sf] ljsf; ug]{, :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL clt ljlzi6 dxfg'efjx?nfO{ lelecfOkL

j[Iff/f]k0f jfl6sfdf j[Iff/f]k0f u/fpgsf] nflu kxn ug]{, u}/s/ /fhZj kl/dfh{gsf] nflu ljefudf /fo k]z ug]{, jg:klt cg';Gwfgsf] ljljw ljwfdf cWoog cg';Gwfg u/L k|fKt

glthfx? ljleGg k':ts, k'l:tsf, j}1flgs n]v, /rgf cflbsf] ?kdf k|sfzg ug]{,

g]kfnsf jg:kltx? af/] ;"rgf k|jfx ;fy} r]tgf clej[l4 ug]{, tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

k|zf;g OsfO s]Gb| cGt/utsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] lgo'lQm, ;?jf, kb:yfkgf, sfh,

cjsfz ;DaGwL sfo{x? ug{], ljefuLo sf/jfxL ;DaGwL sfo{x? ug]{, sd{rf/L ;"rgf k|0ffnL (Personnel Information System) cBfjlws / ;f]

sf] Joj:yfkg ug]{,

54

ljefu tyf dftxt lgsfox? cGt/ut ;+rflnt cfof]hgf, kl/of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx?sf] nflu cfjZos c:yfoL b/aGbL :jLs[ltsf] nflu dGqfnodf k]z ug]{]{,

ljefu / cGt/ut sfof{no, OsfO{ tyf cfof]hgfsf nflu dfgj ;+zfwg ljsf; gLlt th'{dfdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg],

cbfnt, clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u, /fli6«o ;ts{tf s]Gb| af6 cfPsf kqx? / hgzlQm Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL sfo{x? ug]{ ,

ljefu tyf dftxtsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] a9'jf, cWoog / c;fwf/0f ljbf :jLs[ltsf] nflu ljefudf k]z ug]{,

s]Gb| tyf dftxtsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] sfo{ ;Dkfbg d"NofÍg ;DaGwL sfdsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{,

l/Qm kbk"lt{sf nflu dGqfno tyf nf]s ;]jf cfof]udf ;Dks{, ;dGjo tyf dfu kmf/fd nufotsf sfdx? ug]{ .

ljefusf] nflu lhG;L ;fdfgx?sf] vl/b, ;+ro tyf pkof]usf] Joj:yf ug]{,

ljefusf] ;/sf/L ;DklQsf] nut /fVg], ;+/If0f / dd{t ;Def/ ug]{, u/fpg],

lhG;L ;fdfgx?sf] lg/LIf0fsf] Aoa:yf ug]{ u/fpg], lhG;L ;fdfgx?sf] cfkl"t{ / pkof]u ;DjGwdf ljefusfsf] ljleGg



sd{rf/Lx?sf] xflh/L, ljbf ;DaGwL clen]v /fVg], sd{rf/L u'gf;f] Joj:yfkg lgb]{lzsf tyf lghfdtL ;]jf P]g tyf

lgodfjnL cg';f/ sd{rf/Lx?sf u'gf;fx? k|fKt u/L ;DalGwt clwsf/L÷ ;ldlt ;dIf k|:t't ug]{ / lgsfzf eP cg';f/ Joj:yfkgdf ;3fpg],

cfGtl/s kfnf] kx/fsf] Joj:yf, ef}lts ;DklQsf] ;'/Iff, ;/;kmfO{, dd{t ;Def/ sfo{sf] Joj:yfkg ug]{,

a}7s, ;df/f]x ;DaGwL sfo{sf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, s]Gb|sf] sfo{qmd / jh]6 th'{df ubf{ rfn' tkm{ ah]6 tyf

sfo{qmd th'{df u/L k"FhLut tkm{ jh]6 tyf sfo{qmd tof/ ug{ of]hgf zfvfnfO{ ;xof]u ug]{,

s]Gb| / cGt/utsf] cfly{s k|zf;g ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{, sd{rf/Lx?sf] lgodfg';f/ tnj eQf, n'uf eQf, b}lgs tyf e|d0f–

eQf :jLs[t tyf pknAw ug]{ u/fpg], jflif{s :jLs[t of]hgf tyf sfo{qmd cg'?ksf] jh]6 lgsf;f lng], vftf ;~rfng ug]{,

55

lgsf;f / cfDbfgL k|fKt ug]{ tyf ah]6 vr{ ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg],

cGtu{tsf sfof{no tyf cfof]hgfx? tyf cfof]hgfx?nfO{ ljlgof]lht /sdsf] clVtof/L lbg k]z ug]{,

cfDbfgL tyf vr{sf] n]vf /fVg] / lgoldt k|ltj]bg ug]{, s]Gb|sf] cfly{s sf/f]jf/sf] ;DaGwdf /fo k/fdz{ lbg], k|fKt x'g] cfDbfgL tyf vr{sf] cfGtl/s / clGtd n]vf k/LIf0f

u/fpg], a]?h'sf] nut /fvL km5\of}{6 ug]{, u/fpg] tyf ;Dk/LIf0fsf

nflu k]z ug]{, :jLs[t sfo{qmdx?sf] nflu tf]lsPsf] ah]6 s'g} lzif{sdf gk'u

ePdf jrt x'g] lzif{saf6 lgodfg';f/ /sdfGt/ ug{ k]z ug]{, jflif{s cfly{s ljj/0f tof/ ug]{, w/f}6Lsf] n]vf /fVg], sfg"g adf]lhd c;"n pk/ ug'{kg]{ ;/sf/L gubL, lhG;L c;"n

pk/ ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{, s]Gb| dftxtsf lgsfox?af6 ;+rfng x'g] :jLs[t sfo{qmdsf]

nflu tf]lsPsf] ah]6 /sd sfof{Gjog ug]{ lgsfodf lgsf;f k7fpg],

lhG;L ;fdfgx?sf] vl/b, ;+ro tyf pkof]usf] Joj:yf ug]{, ;/sf/L ;DklQsf] nut /fVg], ;+/If0f / dd{t ;Def/ ug]{,

u/fpg], lhG;L ;fdfgx?sf] lg/LIf0fsf] Aoa:yf ug]{ u/fpg], lhG;L ;fdfgx?sf] cfkl"t{ / pkof]u ;DjGwdf zfvf tyf OsfO

aLr ;dGjo / ;xhLs/0f ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{, lhG;L lg/LIf0faf6 lnnfd ug{ l;kmfl/z ePsf lhG;L ;fdfgx?

lgodfg';f/ lnnfd ljqmL ;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{, lhG;L ;fdfgx?sf] >]:tf /fVg] . jflif{s vl/b of]hgf agfpg] sfo{df ;xof]u ug]{ . tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ . jflif{s vl/b of]hgf agfpg], vl/b Joj:yfkg sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg], ;fy} vl/b sfo{sf]

cg'udg ug]{, k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] c;f/ d;fGtdf jif{e/L vl/b ePsf

dfn;fdfgx? / vr{ ePsf] /sdsf] km]xl/:t tof/ ug]{, ;fljs cfly{s jif{sf] km]xl/:tsf] cfwf/df sd{rf/L ;+Vofsf]

j[l4÷ Go"gtf÷ d"No j[l4 b/ ;d]t ljrf/ u/L cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ dfn;fdfgx? / ;f] dfn;fdfgx? vl/b ubf{ nfUg] /sdsf] k|If]k0f u/L vl/b of]hgf lgdf{0f ug]{ sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg],

tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .56

o; s]Gb| cGt/ut b'O{ j6f zfvfx? /xg] 5g\ .s_ /fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt k|of]uzfnf

g]kfnel/sf] jg:klt ;j]{If0f kZrft\ jg:kltsf gd'gfx? ;+sng u/L /fli6«o xa]{l/oddf j}1flgs 9+un] ;+/If0f u/L /fVg] .

jg:klt ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f ;Daw{g ug]{ . jg:klt ;Dkbfsf] lbuf] pkof]u ub}{ b]z ljsf;df 6]jf k'¥ofpg

jg:klt cg';Gwfgsf] ljljw ljwfx?df cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ . ;+slnt gd'gfx? ;fy} hLljt jg:kltx? cWoog cg';Gwfg u/L

PsLs[t tYofÍ Pj+ ljj/0fx? ;dfj]z u|Gy -g]kfn ˆnf]/f_ k|sfzg ug]{ .

jg:klt cg';Gwfgsf] ljljw ljwfdf cWoog cg';Gwfg u/L k|fKt glthfx? ljleGg k':ts, k'l:tsf, j}1flgs n]v, /rgf cflbsf] ?kdf k|sfzg ug]{ .


57

lqmK6f]u]D; OsfO g]kfndf kfOg] n]p, j|fof]kmfO6, nfOs]g, 6]l/8f]kmfO6 /

Rofp tyf 9';L ju{sf jg:kltx?sf] cWoog cg'';Gwfg ug]{ cWoog cg';Gwfgsf] qmddf k|fKt gd"gf ;+sng u/L n]jlnË

tyf ;+/If0f ug]{ cg'';Gwfgsf] qmddf k|fKt gofF k|hflt / lgisif{x? /fli6«o tyf

cGt/fli6«o hg{nx?df k|sf;g ug]{ n]p, j|fof]kmfO6, nfOs]g, 6]l/8f]kmfO6 / Rofp tyf 9';L

ju{sf jg:kltx?sf]] k|of]ux? / ltgLx?n] k'¥ofpg] Jofkfl/s / cfly{s kmfObfx?af/] hgr]tgf clej[l4 ug]{,


km]g]/f]u]D; OsfO

g]kfnel/sf] k"mn k"mNg] jg:klt ;j]{If0f u/L jg:kltsf gd'gfx? ;+sng u/L /fli6«o xa]{l/oddf j}1flgs 9+un] ;+/If0f u/L /fVg] .

jg:klt ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f ;Daw{g ug]{ . jg:klt ;Dkbfsf] lbuf] pkof]u ub}{ b]z ljsf;df 6]jf k'¥ofpg

jg:klt cg';Gwfgsf] ljljw ljwfx?df cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ . ;+slnt gd'gfx? ;fy} hLljt jg:kltx? cWoog cg';Gwfg u/L

PsLs[t tYofÍ Pj+ ljj/0fx? ;dfj]z u|Gy -g]kfn ˆnf]/f_ k|sfzg ug]{ .


;+slnt jg:kltsf gd'gfx?sf] klxrfg tyf gfdfs/0f ug]{ . ;+sng u/L /fli6«o xj]{l/odsf] ;+u|xdf /fvLPsf jg:kltsf

gd'gfx?sf] :ofxf/ ;+ef/ (Curation) ug]{ . cWoog cg';Gwfgsf nflu cfjZos ;Gbe{ ;fdu|Lx? (Literatures and

Herbarium Specimens) x?sf] cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ . km"n km'Ng] ju{sf jg:kltx?sf] cWoog cg';Gwfgsf nflu

klxrfg ;DaGwL ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

g]kfn ˆnf]/f OsfO

58

xj]{l/oddf ;+/lIft gd"gfx?sf] l8lh6fOh];g ug]{, jg:klt ;j]{If0fsf] nflu ;DjlGwt ;+:yfx? tyf j}1flgsx? ;

+u ;dGjo ug]{, g]kfn ˆnf]/f;+u ;DjlGwt ljleGg k':ts, k'l:tsf, j}1flgs n]v,

/rgf cflbsf] ?kdf k|sfzg ug{ ;xof]u ug]{, g]kfn ˆnf]/f;+u ;DjlGwt tflndx? ;+rfng ug]{, tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

59

Pgf6f]dL P08 ;fO6f]nf]hL OsfO

g]kfndf /x]sf jg:kltx?sf] sf]ifLo / tGt'x?sf] ;+/rgfsf] af/]df cWoog cg'';Gwfg ug]{ .

klxrfgsf nflu k|fKt x'g cfPsf gd"gfx?nfO{ k|of]uzfnfdf k/LIf0f u/L s'g jg:klt xf] egL lgwf{/0f ug]{ .

ljleGg k|hfltsf jg:kltx?sf sf7sf gd'gfx? ;+sng u/L Pgf6f]dLsf nflu l/km/]G; tof/ ug]{ .

j}1flgs tyf cfly{s b[li6sf]0fn] dxTjk"0f{ tyf b'n{e jg:klt k|hftLx?sf] sf]ifLo ;+/rgf Pj+ j+zf0f' ;DaGwL] cWoog u/L clen]v /fVg] .

ljleGg k|fs[lts tyf s[ltd /;fogx?sf] jg:kltsf] c0f'j+zdf kg{ hfg] c;/x?sf] af/]df cg';Gwfg ug]{

k|fKt glthfx? j}1flgs cg'zGwgfTds hg{nx?df k|sflzt ug]{ .

jf]6flgsn ;e]{ tyf Osf]nf]hL OsfO

g]kfndf kfOg] ljleGg jfg:klts OsfO{x?sf] kfl/l:yt lj1fg (Ecology) sf] cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{,

g]kfnsf] ljleGg Vegetation Zone cg';f/ jg:klt k|hfltx?sf] ;e]{ u/L clen]vLs/0f ug]{,

;+slnt df6f] tyf kfgLsf] /f;folgs u'0fsf] ljZn]if0f ug]{, jg jg:klt / jftfj/0f ;DaGwL cWoog cg';Gwfgsf glthfx?sf] k|

sfzg ug,]{ tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

Osf]gf]lds af]6fgL OsfO

g]kfndf kfOg] jg:kltx?sf] k/Dk/fut k|of]ux? h:t} cf}ifwL, vfB, /+u cflb h:tfsf] jf/]df cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ ,

k|fKt glthfx?nfO{ Jofks 5nkmn u/L :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL hg{nx?df k|sfl;t ug,]{

jg:kltx?n] g]kfnL hghfltx? / /fli6«o cy{tGqdf kfg{ ;Sg] cfly{s kIfx?sf] klg cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ ,

jg:kltx?sf] k/Dk/fut k|of]usf] 1fgnfO{ k|dfl0fs/0f u/L ljZj Jofkf/df kx'Frsf] cWoog ug]{,

60

jg:kltsf gd'gfx? h:t} M kmn, km"n, h/f, sf08, cflbnfO{ Do"lhoddf Joj:yfkg ug]{,

k':tsfnosf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, cfuGt's tyf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ hfgsf/L k|bfg ug]{, tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

61

;b'kof]u tyf kfOn6 KnfG6 OsfO

lgoldt cWoog cg';Gwfgsf] nflu kfO{n6 k/LIf0f ug]{, k|of]uzfnfdf cWoog tyf cg';Gwfgaf6 ljsf; ePsf] k|ljlwsf]

kfO{n6 :s]ndf k/LIf0f ug]{, h8La'6Lsf] :t/ lgwf{/0f ug]{, kfO{n6 zfvfsf] k/LIf0faf6 pko'Qm b]lvPsf k|ljlwx?sf]

k|:ff/ ug]{, dfu eP jdf]lhd cf}iflwhGo / t]no'Qm jg:kltsf] k|zf]wg ug]

{, nf}7 ;Nnf nufot cGo h8Lj'6Lx?sf] g;{/L tyf Kn6 Joj:yfkg

ug]{, tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

jfof]6]Sgf]nf]hL tyf df]lnSo"n/ Sof/]S6/fOh];g OsfO

cfly{s b[li6sf]0fn] dxTjk"0f{ tyf b'n{e ,nf]kf]Gd'v jg:klt k|hfltx?sf] tGt' k|hgg\ k|f]6f]sn -Tissue culture protocol ) ljsf; ug]{,

k|ljlw ljsf; e} ;s]sf jg:kltx?sf] Pilot scale df pTkfbg tyf ;+/If0f ug{ cg';Gwfg ug]{,

jg:klt klxrfgsf] nflu Molecular Characterization and DNA Bar Coding ;DjlGw sfd ug,]{

k|of]uzfnfdf pTkflbt lj?jfx?sf] lkmN8 k/LIf0f ug]{, lkmN8 k/LIf0fsf] nflu OR5's s[ifsx?nfO{ klg lj?jf pknAw

u/fpg], ljZj kl/j]zdf h]g]l6s OGhLlgol/Ë cflbaf6 ag]sf GMO

(Genetically Modified Organisms) sf] h}ljs ;'/Iff ;DaGwL cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{,

h}ljs k|ljlw ;DaGwL tflnd lbg], h}ljs k|ljlw ;DaGwL hfgsf/L -;"rgf_ pknAw u/fpg]÷lbg] tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

v_ /fli6«o jg:klt pBfg

hLljt jg:kltx? tyf jLpx? ;+sng u/L pBfgdf ;+/If0f u/L /fVg], Nof08:s]k tyf lyd]l6s uf8]{gsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, pBfgdf ;+/If0f ul/Psf jg:klt k|hfltx?sf] clen]lvs/0f ug]{,

62

b'ne{, nf]kf]Gd'v tyf ;+s6fkGg jg:kltx?sf] ;+sng, ;+/If0f Pjd\ cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{,

cfly{s dxTjsf h8Lj'6Lx?sf] v]tL k|ljlw ljsf; ;DjlGw cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{,

:jb]zL tyf ljb]zL jg:kltx?sf] j+zf0f' ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f ug]{, :jb]zL zf]egLo jg:kltx?sf] 3/]n's/0f tyf lj:tf/sf] nflu k|ljlw

ljsf; ug]{, ˆnf]l/sNr/ tyf pBfg ljsf; ;DjlGw tflnd ;+rfng ug]{, pBfgnfO{ kof{ko{6gsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug]{, dfu eP jdf]lhd ljBfno, sn]h, gu/kflnsfdf pBfg ljsf; ug]{ tyf

k/fdz{ ;]jf k|bfg ug]{, jg:klt ;+/If0f tyf ;b'kof]u ;DjlGw hgr]tgf km}nfpg], tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

Nof08:s]k tyf lyd]l6s uf8]{g OsfO

pBfg leq /x]sf ljleGg Nof08:s]k tyf lyd]l6s uf8]{gx?sf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ . h:t} M /s uf8]{g, /f]h uf8]{g, lnnL uf8]{g, sf]/f]g]zg kf]08, cls{8 uf8]{g, cflb .

jg:klt pBfgdf xfn /x]sf lydfl6s uf8]{gx?sf] ;dLIff u/L yk36 ug]{ .

lhNnf l:yt /x]sf jg:klt pBfgx? / cGo ;+3;:yf jf JolQmx?nfO{ cfj:os k/fdz{ lbg] .

ljZjdf k|Voft jg:klt pBfgx?sf] clen]v /fVg] / ltgLx?;Fusf] ;xsfo{sf] kxn ug]{

g]kfndf /x]sf jg:klt pBfgx?nfO{ :t/f]Gglt ug{ cfj:os ef}lts k"jf{wf/x?sf] ljsf; ug]{

/fli6«o tyf cGt/fli6«o :t/sf clt ljlzi6 kfx'gfx?sf] e|d0fsf] cj;/df j[Iff/f]k0fsf] nflulj?jfx? tof/ ug]{ .

pBfg ljsf; ;DjlGw tflnd, sfo{zfnf, uf]li7 ;+rfng ug]{ . cfuGt's, cg';Gwfgstf{ tyf ljBfly{x?nfO{ cWoog

cg';Gwfgsf nflu jg:kltx?sf] cjnf]sg tyf tt\ ;DaGwLt cGo hfgsf/Lx? pknAw u/fpg] .


Knf06 h]g]l6s l/;f]{; OsfO63

jg:klt pBfg leq /x]sf ljleGg jg:klt k|hfltx?sf] :j:yfgLo (In-situ)

tyf k/:yfgLo (Ex-situ) ?kdf ;+/If0f tyf cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{, ljleGg k|;f/0f tyf lj:tf/ ljlw (sl6Ë, u|flˆ6Ë, cflb) ¢f/f jg:klt ;|

f]tsf] ;+/If0f ug]{, Green House tyf Shade House df ;dfj]z ul/Psf jg:kltx?sf] tYofÍ tyf

clen]v cBfjlws ug]{, :yfgLo ?kdf pknAw jg:kltx?sf] ;+/If0f / ;Da4{g ug]{, pBfg leq /x]sf :yfgLo ?kdf pknAw jf]6 lj?jfsf] clen]v tof/

u/L ltgLx?sf] sGh/e];g :6f6;sf] clen]v cBfjlws /fVg,] g]kfndf kfO{g] b'n{e, :ju[xL tyf ;+s6fkGg lj?jfx?sf]

;+/If0f ug]{, dxTjk"0f{ :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL jg:kltx?sf] j+zf0f' ;|f]tsf]

;+/If0f ug]{, ;+/If0fsf nflu ;+slnt jg:kltx?sf] :ofxf/ ;+ef/ tyf tYofÍx?

cBfjlws ug]{, :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL af]6lj?jfx?sf] clen]v cBfjlws u/L ;+/If0f

ug{'kg]{ jg:kltx?sf] klxrfg ug]{, klxrfg ul/Psf jg:klt k|hfltsf aLpx? nfdf] ;do;Dd /fVgsf]

nflu jLp a}+ssf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, jLp a}+sdf /x]sf jg:kltx?sf] pd/0f k/LIf0f u/L cBfjlws ug]

{, cfuGt's, cg';Gwfgstf{ tyf ljBfly{x?nfO{ cWoog

cg';Gwfgsf nflu jg:kltx?sf] cjnf]sg tyf tt\ ;DaGwLt cGo hfgsf/Lx? pknAw u/fpg],


ˆnf]/LsNr/ tyf Knf06 lj|l8Ë OsfO

:jb]zL zf]egLo km"n lj?jfx?sf] ;j]{If0f, ;+sng tyf klxrfg u/L j}1flgs clen]v tof/ ug]{,

g]kfnsf :yfgLo tyf /}yfg] zf]egLo km"n lj?jfx?sf]] cfg'jf+zLs ;|f]tsf] :j:yfgLo tyf k/:yfgLo ;+/If0f / ;Dj¢{g ug]{,

km"n lj?jfx? pTkfbg u/L xl/t u[x, ljlqm sIf nufot ljleGg :yfgx?df ;hfj6 tyf /f]k0f ug]{,

64

lkmN8df nufOPsf km"n lj?jfx?sf] j[l4 tyf /f]u ls/fx?sf]] cg'udg u/L tL lj?jfx?nfO{ /f]u / ls/fx?jf6 jrfpg],

zf]elgo km"n lj?jf lj:tf/ k|ljlw tyf gZn ;'wf/sf] cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{,

:jb]zL tyf ljb]zL zf]egLo km"n lj?jfx?sf] 3/]n's/0f tyf lj:tf/s]f nflu k|ljlw ljsf; ug]{,

k'ik v]tL tyf jfujfgL ;DjGwL tflnd, sfo{zfnf, uf]i7Lx? ;+rfng ug]{,

k'ik k|bz{gL cfof]hgf ug]{ tyf k|bz{gLdf efu lng], cfly{s dxTjsf h8Lj'6Lx?sf] v]tL k|ljlw ljsf; ug]{, k'ik Joj;foL, s[ifsx? nufot ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;+u k'ik ljsf;sf]

nflu ;dGjo ug]{, tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

;"rgf tyf z}lIfs pBfg OsfO

g]kfnsf b'n{e tyf nf]kf]Gd'v jg:klt ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f tyf pkof]lutf ;DjlGw ;"rgf, kmf]6f], j|f];/, cflb ;+sng u/L k|b{zg sIfdf k|rf/ k|;f/ tyf cjnf]sgsf nflu /fVg],

jfg:klts ;"rgf tyf k|bz{gL s]Gb| / OYgf]jf]6flgsn Do"lhod Joj:yfkg ug]{,

jfg:klts ;|f]t tyf pBfg ;+u ;DjlGwt j|f];/, lnkmn]6, Go"h n]6/, cflb k|sfzg ug]{,

z}lIfs pBfg tyf hl8j'6L jfl6sfsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, z}lIfs pBfg tyf hl8j'6L jfl6sfdf ePsf jg:kltx?df ;"rgf d"ns

hfgsf/Lx? /fVg], cfuGt'sx?nfO{ jg:klt ;|f]t tyf pBfg ;DjlGw ;"rgf k|jfx ug{], u}/s/ /fhZj ;+sng ug]{ tyf ;DjlGwt sfof{nodf bflvnf

u/L ;f] sf] clen]v tof/ ug]{, Friends of Botanical Garden÷BGCI÷ Zoo÷ljBfno÷sn]h

tyf ;dfg p2]Zo ePsf ;+3 ;+:yfx?;+u ;dGjo u/L jg:klt pBfg Pjd\ ˆnf]l/sNr/ ;DjlGw /rgfTds lqmofsnfkx? ;+rfng ug]{,

jg:klt ;+/If0f ;DjlGw hgr]tgf km}nfpgsf] nflu lbj;, ;df/f]xx? ;+rfng ug]{ .


lhNnf sfof{nox?÷hl8j'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|÷jg:klt pBfg÷xj{n kmfd{

65

cfkmgf] If]qleq kg]{ :yfgx?df h8La'6L tyf jg:kltsf] ks]6 If]qsf] klxrfg / k|fyldlss/0f ug]{,

jg:kltsf gd'gfx? ;+sng u/L Do"lhod tyf xj]{l/oddf ;+/If0f ug]{,

jg:klt tyf h8La'6Lsf] ljsf; / la:tf/sf nflu Joj;flos of]hgf tof/ ug]{,

jfg:klts ;e]{ tyf ;+sngsf] sfo{ ug]{ ;fy} k/Dk/fut 1fgsf] clen]vLs/0f ug]{ tyf ;f] sf] dfWodaf6 æg]kfn nf]/fÆ k|sfzgdf of]ubfg lbg],

jg:klt klxrfgsf sfo{x? -jfg:klts, cf}iflwo u'0f, u'0f:t/ tyf k|df0fLs/0f _ug]{,

jg:klt cWoog, cg';Gwfgsf sfo{x? (Resources Inventory, Domestication, GACP (WHO, 2003), Molecular Characterisation & Processing

Technique, Climate Change Impact, Technology Development & Transfer ) ug]{, jg:kltx?sf] :j:yflgo tyf k/:yflgo ;+/If0f -In situ & Ex situ

Conservation) ug]{, h8La'6L g;{/L :yfkgf, Joj:yfkg tyf ljh÷j]gf{ pTkfbg ug]

{ tyf tflnd ;+rfng ug]{, h8La'6L÷jg:klt ;"rgf s]Gb| -sIf_ Joj:yfkg ug]{, :jb]zL zf]egLo km"n lj?jfx?sf] cWoog cg';Gwfg, h8Lj'6L v]tL k|ljlw ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ug]{, h8Lj'6L v]tL, k'ik v]tL tyf pBfg ljsf; ;DjlGw tflnd k|bfg

ug]{, ljefu;+u ;dGjo u/L cg';Gwfg l6dsf] u7g u/L sfof{Gjog ug]

{, ahf/ dWo:ystf{ -Jofkf/L tyf s[ifssf lar_ sf] sfo{ ;d]t ug]{, Joj:yfkg sfo{ of]hgf tyf sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog sfo{ljlw

cg';f/ sfo{ ;+rfng ug]{, cfufdL cf=j=sf] k|:tfljt sfo{qmd tyf cg'dflgt nfut -ah]6_

tof/ ug]{, ;+rflnt sfo{qmdx?sf] cg'udg ug]{ .

66

efu %%=! ;+u7g kl/jt{jf6 x'g] ck]lIft pknlJwx?!= ;|f]t / ;fwgsf] pknJwtfs'g} klg ;+u7gsf] k|efjsf/L sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf] nflu dfgjLo ;+;fwgsf] cltl/Qm cfjZos ef}lts ;+/rgfx?, sfo{ ug]{ pko'Qm jftfj/0f / :jfoQtf h?/L 5 . o;sf] lgldQ k|:tfljt ;+/rgfn] :yflgo ljleGg txdf /x]sf] jg:klt sfof{nox? / jg:klt pBfgx?sf] cfjZos Go"gtd ef}lts ;+/rgf, ;~rf/ / ;jf/L ;fwg, sfo{qmd / ;jf/L ;fwgsf] ;'lgZrttf u/L sfd ug]{ pko'Qm jftfj/0fsf] ;'lgZrttf ePsf] x'g]5 .

@= ;'zf;gsf] k|Tofe"ltljBdfg jg:klt ;|f]tsf] cWoog cg';Gwfg ;+/If0f, clen]lvs/0f, jg:kltdf /x]sf] /f;folgs u'0fsf] k/LIf0f, hl8j'6L v]tL k|ljlw ljsf; tyf pQm k|ljlw s[ifsx?sf] Ifdtf clej[lå ,k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f, hl8j'6L Jofkf/ Joj;fodf k|j{åg u/L jg:klt / hl8j'6L v]tL dfkm{t s[ifsx?sf] hLjg:t/ ;'wfg]{ ;d]tsf lqmofsnfkx?nfO{ ;Djf]wg ug]{ u/L If]q lj:tfsf] ;fy ;fy} ljlwsf] zf;g / sfg"gL /fHosf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ ;du| lj:tfl/t If]qdf cjnDjg x'g] u ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .

#= jg:klt pBfg If]qsf] lj:tf/xfn ljBdfg & lhNnf jg:klt sfof{nox? / !@ j6f jg:klt pBfgx? /x]sf]df yk # j6f jg:klt pBfgx? :yfkgf eO{ /}yfg], b'n{e tyf nf]kf]Gd'v jg:kltx?sf] ;+/If0f tyf cWoog cg';Gwfgdf ;xof]u k'Ug] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .

$= g]kfn ˆnf]/fsf] clen]lvs/0f tyf k|sfzgg]kfndf em08} &))) k|hfltsf jg:kltx? kfOg] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . xfn ;Dd s/Lj %^)) k|hfltsf jg:kltx?sf] dfq ;+sng tyf clen]lvs/0f ePsf] kfOG5 . yk # j6f jg:klt pBfgx?sf] :yfkgfn] tL lhNnfx? / cf;kf;sf ljleGg ef}uf]lns If]qx?df kfOg] jg:kltx?sf] clen]lvs/0f tyf g]kfn ˆnf]/fsf ;Dk"0f{ k|sfzg ;g\ @)@) ;Dddf k|sfzg x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .

67

%= hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DjlGw k|ltj¢tfjg ljgf; / o;jf6 kg{ ;Sg] c;/ / To;sf] b'/ufdL k|efjn] ubf{ jg:kltx?df kg{ uPsf] c;/ / hnjfo' kl/jt{gn] ubf{ jg:kltdf kfg]{ k|efjsf] cWoog cg';Gwfg u/L tL jg:kltnfO{ s] s;/L ;+/If0f ug{ ;lsG5 ;f] sf] lglDt k|:tfljt h}ljs ljljwtf tyf hnjfo" kl/jt{g zfvf :yfkgf eO{ j}1flgs tj/jf6 cWoog cg';Gwfg x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .

^= j[lQ ljsf;sf cj;/x?df clej[l¢sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;do ;fk]If tflnd tyf k|fKt lhDd]jf/L cg'?ksf] hgzlQm ljsf;sf cj;/x?df cfjZos ;Gt'ng ldnfO Ifdtf clej[l¢ tyf j[lQ ljsf;sf] bfo/f lj:tf/ x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .

68

&= hl8j'6Lsf] cg';Gwfg / ljsf;ljleGg ef}uf]lns If]qdf :yfkgf ug{ k|:tfj ul/Psf # j6f hl8j'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb| / xj{n kmfd{x? dfkm{t g]kfn ;/sf/jf6 v]tL k|ljlw cg';Gwfg sfo{sf nflu k|fyldstf k|fKt !@ j6f hl8j'6Lx? / cg';Gwfg / ljsf;sf nflu k|fyldstf k|fKt cfly{s dxTjsf #) hl8j'6Lx?sf] v]tL k|ljlw cg';Gwfg / ljsf; eO{ pQm k|ljlw s[ifsx?df x:tfGt/0f x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .

*= b'n{e nf]kf]Gd'v jg:kltx?sf] ;+/If0f CITES sf] ;"lrdf ;'lrs[t ,jg lgodfjnL @)%#, IUCN Threat Category cg';f/sf b'n{e nf]kf]Gd'v jg:kltx?sf] ;+/If0f sfo{ jg:klt pBfgx?df k/:yfgLo ;+/If0f ljlw dfkm{t ul/g]5 .

(=cg';Gwfg tyf jfof]k|f]Zk]S6LÍk|:tfljt ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0fn] h8La'6Lsf] cWoog cg';Gwfgdf hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . ;fy} jg:klt ;|f]t / tL ;|f]txx?;Fu ;DaGwLt k/Dk/fut 1fg / tTjx?sf] jfof]k|f]Zk]S6LÍ u/L Kof6]lG6Ë lng] cfwf/x? >[hgf u/]sf] 5 .

!)= cGt{/fli6«o ;lGw ;Demf}tf ;DjGwL k|ltjåtfjg:klt ljefusf] sfo{ If]q;+u d]n vfg] /fli6«o tyf cGt/fli6«o ;+3 ;+:yfx?;+u ul/Psf / ug{ nfluPsf låklIfo ;Demf}tf / k|ltjåtf ul/Psf CITES, Biosafety Protocol, CBD nufotsf ;GwLx?åf/f l;lh{t bfloTj k"/f x'g] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 .

%=@ efjL lbzflgs6 eljiodf lgdf{0f x'g uO/x]sf] gofF ;+ljwfgn] /fHo k'g;+{/rgfsf ;Gbe{df lbzflgb]{z to u/]kl5 ;f] cg'?ksf] ;+u7g ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ug{ ;d]t xfnsf] o; ;+u7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0f -O&M Survey)

pkof]uL l;4 x'g]5 .

69

hl8a'6L tyf u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ cg';Gwfg s]Gb|x? -#_

b/jGbL t]/Lh -ljefu_/f=k=k|yd – $/f=k=lå – !^/f=k=t[= – #&/f=k=cg+=k|= – @$/f=k=cg+=lå – #>]0fL ljlxg – ^sf=;=÷dfnL – #%s'n hDdf !@%


jg:klt ljefu -dxflgb]{zs_/f=k=k|yd -k|f_, jg

k|zf;g zfvfpk ;lrj /f=k=lå=, k| !zfvf cles[t /f=k=t[=k| =k|zf;g !n]vf clws[t /f=k=t[=k| =k|zf;g, n]vf !n]vf kfn/f=k=cg=+ k|=k|= k|zf;g, n]vf !gfoj ;'Aaf /f=k=c=+ k|=k|= k|zf;g !vl/bf/ /f=k=c=+ k|=lx|= k|zf;g @

lhNnf sfof{nox? -&_

/fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt pBfg s]Gb|

cg';Gwfg tyf of]hgf dxfzfvf-pkdxflgb]{zs_/f=k=k|=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL

gLlt tyf of]hgf zfvfof]hgf clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos of]hgf clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos of]hgf clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ !

cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg zfvf cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ !

k|rf/ k|;f/ tyf tflnd zfvf j}1flgs clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos j}1flgs clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !tYof+s clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=, g]=cf=of]=tYofË _ !sDk'6/ clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= ljljw_ @ nfO{a|]l/og -/f=k=cg=+ k|=k|f=,lzIff _ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=cg=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ !

h}ljs ljljwtf tyf hnjfo' kl/jt{g zfvf j}1flgs clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos j}1flgs clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ @cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ !

pBfg ljsf; tyf dfkb08 zfvf jl/i7 pBfg clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !pBfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ @;xfos jg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, hg/n km/]i6«L_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ #dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg,jf]6fgL_ @%

hl8j'6L ljsf; tyf k|a4{g zfvfj}1flgs clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos j}1flgs clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ !

Jofkf/ k|j{åg zfvf jl/i7 cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6« _ @cl;i6]06 s]ldi6 -/f=k=c+=k|= k|f==OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !Nofj JofO @

k|fs[lts ;Dkbf k|of]uzfnf dxfzfvf -pkdxflgb]{zs_/f=k= k|= k|f=OlGh=, s]d]li6« !

dxfzfvf-pkdxflgb]{zs_

;'ulGwt t]n zvf jl/i7 cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL _ !cl;i6]06 s]ldi6 -/f=k=c+=k|= k|f==OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !Nofj JofO @

kmfO6f]s]ldsn zfvf jl/i7 cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL _ !cl;i6]06 s]ldi6 -/f=k=c+=k|= k|f==OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !Nofj JofO @

u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f zfvfjl/i7 cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ @cl;i6]06 s]ldi6 -/f=k=c+=k|= k|f==OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !;'k/efOh/ -/f=k=c+=k|= k|f==OlGh, d]sflgsn_ !Nofj JofO @

OG:6'd]06 zfvf jl/i7 cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ @cl;i6]06 s]ldi6 -/f=k=c+=k|= k|f==OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !;'k/efOh/ -/f=k=c+=k|= k|f==OlGh, d]sflgsn_ !Nofj JofO @

afof]nf]lhsn dxfzfvf-pkdxflgb]{zs_

/f=k=k|=k|f=:jf:Yo, kmfd]{;L !

dfOs|f]afof]nf]lhsn zfvf jl/i7 cf}ifwL Joj:yfks /f=k=lå= k|f= !kmfdf{l;i6 /f=k=t[= k|f= !/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL ! cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c+= k|=jg, jf]]6fgL_ !kmfdf{l;i6 kfFrf} tx /f=k=cg=k|=, :jf:Yo !Nofj JofO{ ->]0fL ljlxg_ !

kmfdf{sf]nf]hL tyf Plgdn xfp:f zfvf jl/i7 cf}ifwL Joj:yfks /f=k=lå= k|f==:jf:Yo, kmfd]{;L !kmfdf{l;i6 /f=k=t[= k|f= @;xfos kz' lrlsT;s /f=k=t[= k|f=s[lif !;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=cg+= k|= jg, jf]]6fgL_ !kmfdf{l;i6 kfFrf} tx /f=k=cg=k|=, :jf:Yo !Nofj JofO{ ->]0fL ljlxg_ $

kmfdf{sf]Ugf];L tyf afof]k|:k]S6LË zfvfjl/i7 cf}ifwL Joj:yfks /f=k=lå= k|f=:jf:Yo kmfd]{;L !kmfdf{l;i6 /f=k=t[= k|f= :jf:Yo !;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL !;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=OlGh, s]d]li6«_ !kmfdf{l;i6 -/f=k=cg+= k|= :jf:Yo kfFrf} tx !Nofj JofO{ ->]0fL ljlxg_ @

OG6Ldf]nf]hL tyf Knf06 Kofyf]nf]hL zfvf j}1flgs clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos j}1flgs clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !OG6Ldf]nf]hL:6 -/f=k=t[=k|f= s[lif !Knf06 Kofyf]nf]hL:6-/f=k=t[=k|f= s[lif !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c+= k|= jg, jf]]6fgL_ ! Nofj JofO{ ->]0fL ljlxg_ @

70

cg';"rL ! jg:klt ljefusf] k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs

71

cg';"rL @ /fli6«o xa]{l/od tyf jg:klt pBfg s]Gb|sf] k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs 9fFrf @)&!

jg:klt pBfgx?

xa{n kmfd{, :ofªhf

ljZj zflGt h}ljs ljljwtf pBfg, sf:sL

/fdflky]s; jg:klt pBfg, ?kGb]xL

b]j3f6 jg:klt pBfg, lrtjg

xa{n kmfd{, d'8Ls'jf ^, kj{t

afof]6]Sgf]nfhL tyf df]lnSo"n/ Sof/]S6/fOh]zg;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ @cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=cg+= k|=jg, jf]]6fgL_ @ dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ !

/fli6«o xa]{l/od tyf jg:klt k|of]uzfnf-jl/i7 cg';Gwfg clws[t, /f=k=lå=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL !_

lqmK6f]u]D; ;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ %cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c+= k|=k|f= jg, jf]]6fgL_ @ x]=lkm=c=-/f=k=c+= lå=jg, jf]]6fgL _ !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ ! km]g]/f]u]D; ;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ @cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c+= k|=jg, jf]]6fgL_ @ x]=lkm=c=-/f=k=c+= lå= k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ ! g]kfn ˆnf]/f ;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c+= k|= k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ ! Pgf6f]dL ;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c+= k|= k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ ! af]6flgsn ;e]{ tyf Osf]nf]hL ;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=cg+= k|= k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ ! Osf]glds af]6fgL tyf Do'lhod ;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=cg+= k|= k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ ! ;b'kof]u tyf kfOn6 Knf06 ;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=OlGh=, s]d]li6«_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=cg+= k|= k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ ! cl;i6]06 s]ldi6 -/f=k=cg+= k|= k|f=OlGh, s]d]i6«L_ ! ;'k/efOh/ -/f=k=cg+= k|=k|f= OlGh, s]d]i6«L_ !x]=lkm=c=-/f=k=cg+= lå= k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL _ @dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ ^

b/jGbL t]/Lh -s]Gb|_/f=k=k|yd – !/f=k=lå – %/f=k=t[= – !(/f=k=cg+=k|= – #&/f=k=cg+=lå – @@;jf/L rfns – &sf=;=÷dfnL – &#s'n hDdf !^$

;"rgf tyf z}lIfs pBfg pBfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ ! cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|= k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ ! x]8 lkmN8cl;i6]06 -/f=k=c+= lå=k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ #

/fli6«o jg:klt pBfg-jl/i7 pBfg clws[t, /f=k=lå=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL !_

Nof08:s]k tyf lydfl6s uf8]{g pBfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ ! cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ ! x]8 lkmN8cl;i6]06-/f=k=c+= lå=k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ @dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ !) knfG6 h]lgl6s l/;f];{pBfg clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f=jg, jf]6fgL_ ! cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ ! x]8 lkmN8cl;i6]06 -/f=k=c+= lå=k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ $dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ !)

kmnf]l/sNr/ ty knfG6 lj|l8ªs[lif clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= s[lif, xl6{sNr/_ ! k|fljlws ;xfos -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=s[lif, xl6{sNr/_ ! x]8 lkmN8cl;i6]06 -/f=k=c+= lå=k|f=jg, jf]]6fgL_ !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]6fgL_ #

/fli6«o xa]{l/od tyf jg:klt pBfg s]Gb|s]Gb| k|d'v ;x ;lrj -k|f=_

-/f=k= k|= k|f= jg, jf]6fgL !_

k|zf;g zfvfzfvf clws[t /f=k=t[tLo k|= !n]vfkfn /f=k=cg+=k|=, n]vf !gf=;'= /f=k=cg+=k|, k|= !vl/bf/ /f=k=cg++= lå , k|= !

72

lhNnf sfof{nox? -&_

lxdfnL hl8a'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|, x'Dnf

dWo kxf8L hl8a'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|, l;Gw'kfNrf]s

r'/] tyf pi0f k|b]zLo hl8a'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|, ;'g;/L


lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, afFs]

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, h'Dnf

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, ;Nofg

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, dsjfgk''/

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, wg'iff

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, O{nfd

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, s}nfnL

cg';"rL

73

74

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, afFs] j=clws[t !;=j}=c=-jf]_ !;=j}=c=-s]_ !c=jf]= !n]vfkfn !c=s]= ! gf=;'= !lkm=c= !sf=;= $

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, h'Dnf ;=j=c= !c=jf]= @c=s]= !;'=ef= !c=Nof=6]= !;=n]=kf= !x]=lkm=c= !lkm=c= !sf=;= ^

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, ;Nofg;=j=c= !c=jf]=!n]=kf=!lkm=c=!sfdbf/$

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, dsjfgk''/ j=clws[t !;=j}=c=-jf]_ @;=j}=c=-s]_ @c=jf]= @v/Lbf/ !n]vfkfn !x]=lkm=c= !x]=lkm=c= $x]=sf= !x]eL ;=rf=!sf=;= !)

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, wg'iff;=j=c= !c=jf]= !;=n]=kf= !x]=lkm=c= !sf=;= $

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, O{nfd ;=j=c= !c=jf]= ! n]=kf= !x]=lkm=c= !sf=;= @

lhNnf jg:klt sfof{no, s}nfnL j=c= !;=j}=c=-jf]_!c=jf]= !gf=;'= !n]vfkfn !lkm=c= !sfdbf/ $

lhNnf sfof{nox?

b/jGbL t]/Lh -lhNnf sfof{nox?_/f=k=lå – #/f=k=t[= – !!/f=k=cg+=k|= – !*/f=k=cg+=lå – *sf=;=÷dfnL – #$;jf/L rfns – @s'n hDdf *^

cg';"rL # lhNnf sfof{nox?sf] k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs 9fFrf @)&!

75

b/jGbL t]/Lh -cg';Gwfg s]Gb|x?_/f=k=t[= – #/f=k=cg+=k|= – ^/f=k=cg+=lå – (;jf/L rfns – @sf=;=÷dfnL – !%s'n hDdf #%

lxdfnL hl8j'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|, x''''Dnf;xfos jg:klt clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ @x]8 lkmN8 cl;i6]06 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL_ @ /f=k=cg=+ k||=lå= k|zf;g, n]vf !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]]6fgL_ %

dWo kxf8L hl8j'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|, l;Gw'kfNrf]s;xfos jg:klt clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ @x]8 lkmN8 cl;i6]06 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL_ @ /f=k=cg=+ k||=lå= k|zf;g, n]vf !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]]6fgL_ % ;jf/L rfns->]0fL ljxLg_ !

r'/] tyf pi0f k|b]zLo hl8j'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|, ;'g;/L;xfos jg:klt clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ @x]8 lkmN8 cl;i6]06 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL_ @ /f=k=cg=+ k||=lå= k|zf;g, n]vf !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]]6fgL_ % ;jf/L rfns->]0fL ljxLg_ !


cg';"rL $ hl8a'6L tyf u}/sfi7 jg k}bfjf/ cg';Gwfg s]Gb|x?sf] k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs 9fFrf @)&!

76

ljZj zflGt h}ljs ljljwtf pBfg, sf:sL jg:klt clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos jg:klt clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ #;xfos kz' lrlsT;s /f=k=t[= k|f=s[lif !cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ #x]8 lkmN8 cl;i6]06 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL_ # /f=k=cg=+ k|=k|= k|zf;g, n]vf !/f=k=c=+ k|=lå|= k|zf;g !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]]6fgL_ !) ;jf/L rfns->]0fL ljxLg_ !

/fdflky]s; jg:klt pBfg, ?kGb]xLjg:klt clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos jg:klt clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ @cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ #x]8 lkmN8 cl;i6]06 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL_ # /f=k=cg=+ k|=k|= k|zf;g, n]vf !/f=k=c=+ k|=lå|= k|zf;g !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]]6fgL_ * ;jf/L rfns->]0fL ljxLg_ !

b]j3f6 jg:klt pBfg, lrtjgjg:klt clws[t -/f=k=lå=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ !;xfos jg:klt clws[t -/f=k=t[=k|f= jg, jf]6fgL_ @cl;i6]06 jf]6flgi6 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL _ #x]8 lkmN8 cl;i6]06 -/f=k=c=+ k|=k|f=,jg, jf]]6fgL_ # /f=k=cg=+ k|=k|= k|zf;g, n]vf !/f=k=c=+ k|=lå= k|zf;g !dfnL ->]0fL ljlxg, jg, jf]]6fgL_ * ;jf/L rfns->]0fL ljxLg_ !

jg:klt pBfgx?

b/jGbL t]/Lh -pBfgx?_/f=k=lå – #/f=k=t[= – */f=k=cg+=k|= – !@/f=k=cg+=lå – !@;jf/L rfns – #sf=;=÷dfnL – @^s'n hDdf ^$

cg';"rL % jg:klt pBfgx?sf] k|:tfljt ;f+u7flgs 9fFrf @)&!

77

78

cg';"rL ^ dxfzfvf, zfvf tyf OsfOsf] ;"rsfÍ ;lxtsf] ljj/0f!= cg';Gwfg tyf of]hgf dxfzfvf

3_h}ljs ljljwtf tyf hnjfo" kl/jt{g zfvf

qm=;+=

sfo {ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

!= g]kfndf kfO{g] jg:klt ljljwtf ;DaGwL n]vf hf]vf /fVg]

@= h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f;+u ;DaGwLt /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o k|ltj4tf cg';f/ sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{ ljefuLo lqmofsnfknfO{ ;3fp k'¥ofpg] .

uf]i7L÷cGt/lqmof÷;xefuL ;+Vof

#= h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0f ;Da4{g ;DaGwL hgr]tgf clea[l4 ug]{ .

/]l8of]÷l6=eL=÷n]v /rgf ;+Vof

$= GTI (Global Taxonomic Initiative) ;+oGqsf] ;lrjfnosf] ?kdf sfd ug]{ .

%= CITES df ;'lrs[t jg:kltx?sf] cg';"lr cWofjlws ug{ cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ .

CITES ;'lrs[t jg:kltsf] ;+Vof

^= CITES df ;'lrs[t jg:kltx?sf] cg';"lr cWofjlws ug{ l;kmfl/z ug]{ .

k|hflt ;+Vof

&= jg:kltdf kg]{ hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL c;/ cWoog, cg';Gwfg ug]{ tyf Go'gLs/0fsf pkfox? klxNofpg] .

cg';Gwfg ;+Vof

*= hnjfo" kl/jt{gn] Nofpg ;Sg] hf]lvdx?sf] cfsng u/]/ :yfgLo cg's'ngsf pkfox? kQf nufpg] .

cg's'n sfo{qmd :yfg÷If]qkmn

ª_ pBfg ljsf; tyf dfkb08 zfvf

qm=;+=

sfo{ ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

!= l;+xb/jf/ kl/;/ leqsf] dGqfno, ljefusf] kl/z/df /x]sf pBfgx?sf] Joj:yfkg PJf+ ljsf; sfo{ ug]{ .

pBfg If]qkmn

@= /fi6«klt , pk/fi6«klt sfof{no, ;lj+wfg ;ef ejg, dGqL

pBfg If]qkmn

79

lgjf;df /x]sf pBfgx?sf] Joj:yfkg PJf+ ljsf; sfo{ ug]{ .

#= /fli6«o kj{x? tyf ;df/f]x?df cfjZos zf]egLo km"n, dfnf, u'R5f, udnf pknAw u/fO{ ;hfj6df ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] .

;hfj6 ;fdfu|L ;+Vof÷k|lt kj{÷;df/f]x

$= ljleGg ;/sf/L lgsfox?af6 dfu cfP adf]lhd udnf, u'R5f, dfnf cflbsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .

;hfj6 ;fdfu|L pknAw ;+Vof

%= /fli6«o tyf cGt/fli6«o :t/sf clt ljlzi6 kfx'gfx?nfO{ :jfut ;Ddfg ug{sf] nflu cfj:os zf]egLo km"n, dfnf, u'R5f, udnf pknAw u/fpg],

;fdfu|L pknAw ;+Vof

^= ltj| ?kdf zx/Ls/0f eO{/x]sf 3gf If]qx?df xl/ofnLo'Qm ;f}Gbo{ sfod /fVg pko'Qm zf]egLo jg:kltx?sf] klxrfg / l;kmf/L; ug]{ .

pBfg If]qkmn÷:yfg

&= zx/L If]qleq pBfgx?sf] :yfkgf / lj:tf/df k|fljlws ;xof]u k'¥ofpg],

*= zx/L ljsf; tyf ejg lgdf0f{ ljefu, dxfgu/kflnsf, gu/kflnsf h:tf ;/sf/L lgsfox?;Fu ;xsfo{ u/]/ lgdf{0f sfo{x?df pBfg :yfkgf tyf km"n lj?jf /f]k0fsf] dfkb08 cfrf/ ;+lxtfsf] ljsf; ug]{,

BGCI Standard

(= zx/L If]qdf j[Iff/f]k0f ul/g] jg:klt k|hfltsf] l;kmfl/; tyf dfkb08 tof/ ug]{,

jg:klt k|hflt÷ ;+Vof

!)= dfkb08 jdf]lhd lj?jfx? /f]k0f eP gePsf] cg'udg ul/ ;DjlGwt lgsfodf k[i7kf]if0f lbg],

cg'udg k6s

!!= gu/kflnsf, df pBfg ljsf;sf] nflu ;dGjo ug]{,

!@=

ljBfno, ljZjljBfnox?df cGo ;+3 ;:yfx?df pBfg ljsf; ;DjlGw hgr]tgf km}nfpg],

tflnd uf]i7L÷a}7s

!#=

Ps gu/ jx' pBfg sfo{qmdnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{,

pBfg If]qkmn÷gu/

!$=


80

r_ hl8j'6L ljsf; tyf k|j¢{g zfvf

qm=;+=

sfo{ ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

!= h8Lj'6Lx?sf] dfu, k|of]u / d"Nosf] cfwf/df klxrfg ug]{ .

Database Volume÷k|hflt ;+Vof

@= cfly{s dxTjsf h8La'6Lx?sf] klxrfg, ;+/If0f tyf ;Djw{g ug]{ tyf h8La'6Lx?sf] 3/]n's/0f, v]tL k|ljlwsf] ljsf; ug]{ .

hl8a'6L k|hflt ;+Vof

#= v]tL k|ljlw ljsf; ePsf pkof]uL h8La'6Lx?sf] k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f ug]{,

k|hflt÷hg;+Vof

g]kfndf kfOg] h8La'6Lx?sf] ;e]{If0f u/L clen]v tof/ ug]{,

Database Volume÷k|hflt ;+Vof

$= dfu eP jdf]lhd ljBfno, sn]h tyf ljZjljBfnox?df hl8j'l6 jfl6sf :yfkgf ug,]{

hl8a'6L afl6sf÷k|hflt÷:yfg

%= hl8j'6Lx?df nfUg] /f]ux?sf] jf/]df cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{,

;+slnt gd'gf ;+Vof

^= hl8j'6Lsf] v]tL k|ljlw, ;+/If0f ;DjlGw hgr]tgf km}nfpg],

/]l8of], l6=eL=sfo{qmd, n]v /rgf ;+Vof

&= lhNnf sfof{nox?sf] hl8j'6L ;DjlGwcg';Gwfg tyf cGo lqmofsnfkx?sf] clen]lvs/0f ug]{,

clen]vsf] 8f6f j]z

*= jg:klt ljefu tyf cGo ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;+u hl8j'6L ljsf;sf nflu ;xsfo{ tyf ;dGjo ug]{,

(= tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

@= k|fs[lts ;Dkbf k|of]uzfnf dxfzfvfqm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

1= h8Lj'6L tyf ;'ulGwt jg:kltx?sf] /f;folgs tTjx?sf] cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{,

/f;folgs tTj

2= b'n{e jGo hGt' / jg:kltx?sf] cGt/fli6«o ;]jf ;+Vof81

dxf;lGw (CITES) sfof{Gjogsf] nflu /f;folgs, jfof]nf]lhsn / OG;6«'d]G6n ljZn]if0f ;]jf k|bfg ug]{,

3= ;]jfu|fxLn] jg:klthGo kbfy{sf] ;f/tTj b]z jflx/ k7fpg kg]{ eP To:tf] kbfy{sf] k|dfl0fs/0f sfo{ ug]{,

k|dfl0fs[t ;f/tTj ;+Vof ÷u'0f:t/

4= ;'ulGwt t]nsf] cWoog c'g;Gwfg kZrft pko'Qm k|ljlw kfO{n6 :t/df pTkfbg ug{ l;kmfl/; ug]{,

l;kmfl/; ;+Vof ÷u'0f:t/

5= cf}ifwLhGo tyf ;'uGwLt jg:kltx?;+u ;DjlGwt ljleGg z}lIfs ;+:yfx?jf6 k|of]ufTds sIffsf] nflu cg'/f]w eO{ cfPdf k|of]uzfnfdf pknJw ;]jf k|bfg ug]{,

;]jfu|fxL ;+Vof ÷ ;]jf k|sf/ ÷u'0f:t/

6= k/Dk/fut 1fg / cEof;x?sf] cfwf/df jfg:klts -cf0f'jf+lzs ;|f]t_ / h}ljs /;fogsf] clen]vg sfo{

clen]v ;+Vof ÷ u'0f:t/

7= klxrfg tyf ;f/tTj ljZn]if0f u/L k|ljlw / u'0fx?sf] Patenting tkm{ cl3 a9fpg],

Patent application No.

8= tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

s_ Jofkf/ k|j{åg zfvf

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

1= cf}ifwLhGo tyf ;'ulGwt jg:kltx?jf6 pTkflbt j:t'sf] k/LIf0f tyf ljZn]if0f ;]jf lbg] . cfjZos k/]df o; sfof{nosf] cGo zfvfx?;+u k|fljlws ;Nnfx tyf ;'emfj lnO{ ;dGjo u/L ljZn]if0f ;]jf lbg] .

ljZn]lift ;]jf ;+Vof

2= b'n{e jGo hGt' / jg:kltx?sf] cGt/fli6«o dxf;lGw (CITES) tyf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ljleGg P]g lgodx?, jg:klt hGo kbfy{x?sf] ;f/tTjsf] ljZn]if0f ;]jf lbO{ sfof{Gjog ug{ u/fpgdf ;xof]u ug]{ .

ljZn]lift k|hflt÷;/tTj ;+Vof

3= ;]jfu|fxLn] jg:klthGo kbfy{sf] ;f/tTj b]z jflx/ k7fpg kg]{ eP To:tf] kbfy{sf] k|dfl0fs/0fsf] nflu o; sfof{noaf6 lgDg lnlvt sfo{x? ul/G5 .

s_ ;]jfu|flxn] ;]jf dfu]sf] :yfgdf uO{ gd'gf ;+sng u/L l;n ug]{ .

l;n ul/Psf] gd"gf ;+Vof

82

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

v_ ;]jfu|flxn] k|of]uzfnfdf cfO{ ;]jf dfu]df gd'gf ;+sng u/L l;n ug]{ .

l;n ul/Psf] gd"gfsf] ;+Vof

u_ ;+slnt gd'gfx?sf] ljZn]if0f kZrft Report lbg] .

k|ltj]bgsf] u'0f:t/÷l;kmfl/; ;+Vof


v_ ;'ulGwt t]n zfvf

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

1= ljleGg ;'ulGwt jg:kltx?af6 ;'ulGwt t]n pTkfbg ug]{ .

k|hflt ;+Vof ÷t]n u'0f:t/

2= ;'ulGwt t]nx?sf] Physticochemical Parameters kQf nufpg] .

Parameter ;+Vof3= cWoog c'g;Gwfg kZrft pko'Qm k|ljlw

kfO{n6 :t/df ;'ulGwt t]n pTkfbg ug{ l;kmfl/; ug]{ .

l;kmfl/; k|hflt ;+Vof

4= cWoogsf glthfx?nfO{ :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL hg{nx?df k|sf;g ug]{ u/fpg] .

Journal article/impact factor


u_ kmfO6f]s]ldsn zfvf

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

1= kmfdf{sf]Ugf];L zfvfaf6 k|fKt lj?jfx?sf] ;f/tTj lgsfNg] .

k|hflt ;+Vof2= ;f/tTjsf] Phytochemical Screening ug]{ . ;f/tTj ;+Vof3= pkof]uL /;fogx? ljleGg a}1flgs pks/0f h:t}M

TLC, VLC, Column Chromatography, UV, IR, Mass, NMR Spectroscopy sf] d2taf6 5'§ofpg]

Number and quality of active ingredients


83

3_ u'0f:t/ lgwf{/0f zfvf

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

1= k/Dk/fut 1fg / cEof;x?sf] cfwf/df jfg:klts -cf0f'jf+lzs ;|f]t_ / h}ljs /;fogsf]

s_ klxrfg tyf ;f/tTj ljZn]if0f u/L k|ljlw / u'0fx?sf] Patenting tkm{ cl3 a9fpg],

Patent application / Patent No.

v_ sfof{nosf cGo zfvfx?af6 Nofa :s]ndf cWoog, cg';Gwfg eO{ l;kmfl/; ePsf k|ljlwx?nfO{ k|j{4g u/L Drug formulation sf] ;'q t}of/ kfg]{,

Formulation ;+Vof

u_ g]kfndf kfOg] jg:kltx?af6 k|fKt /;fogx?sf] dfqf / ;f/tTjsf] :6f088{ agfpg],

Validated Standard number

ª_ OG:6'«d]G6 zfvf

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

2= cg';Gwfg sfo{df cfjZos kg]{ j}1flgs pks/0fsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{,

3= ljefu / cGtu{tsf sfof{nox? tyf ;+3, ;+:yf tyf JolQmnfO{ cfjZos OG:6'«d]G6 ljZn]if0f ;]jf tyf cfjZostf cg';f/ /;fog k/LIf0f (Qualitative / Quantitative) ;]jf pknAw u/fpg],

k/LIf0f ul/Psf] gd"gf ;+Vof tyf l/kf]6{ ;+Vof

4= b]xfo jdf]lhdsf OG:6'«d]G6n ;]jfx? k|bfg ug]{ GCMS ljZn]if0f HPLC ljZn]if0f ;]jf Infrared ljZn]if0f ;]jf Refractive Index ;]jf Ultravoilet ljZn]if0f ;]jf Polarimeter ;]jf HPTLC ;]jf GC ;]jf

k/LIf0f ul/Psf] gd"gf ;+Vof tyf l/kf]6{ ;+Vof


84

#= jfof]nf]lhsn dxfzfvfqm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

1= g]kfndf kfOg] jg:kltx?sf] ;b'kof]usf nflu ;f] ;|f]tx?sf] cf}ifwLhGo tyf cGo u'0f klxrfg u/L ;Defljt pkof]usf] tl/sf ;DjlGw cg';Gwfg ug]{,

cg';Gwfg sfo{qmd ;+Vof

2= jfof]k|:k]lS6Ë sfo{sf] nflu k|fs[lts ;Dkbf k|of]uzfnf dxfzfvf / /fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt pBfg s]Gb|;Fu ;dGjo tyf ;xsfo{ ug]{,

3= jg:klt ljefu cGtu{tsf ;~rflnt cg';Gwfg sfo{x?jf6 ljsl;t ;j} jg:klt hGo ;f/tTj, gofF kmd{'n]zg, j0f{z+s/, k|hflt cflbsf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf Patent/Intellectual Property Right bfjL ug{ k|s[of rnfpg]]{,



s_ dfOqmf]jfof]nf]lhsn zfvf

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

1= g]kfndf kfO{g] h8La'6L tyf cGo jg:kltx?sf] P06LdfOqmf]ljon (Antimicrobial) u'0fx?sf] k/LIf0fsf nflu cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ .

k/LIf0f ul/Psf] gd"gf ;+Vof

2= ;"Id hLjf0f'x?sf] ;+qmd0f ;DaGwL k/LIf0f ug]{ .


3= h8Lj'6L tyf cGo jg:klt hGo pTkfbgx?sf] ;"IdhLljo ;+b"ifs k/LIf0f (microbial contaminants analysis) u/L ;f]sf] k|ltj]bg lbg] .



v_ jfof]k|f]:k]lS6Ë tyf kmfdf{sf]Ugf]zL zfvf

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

1= ljleGg zfvfx?;+u ;dGjo u/L tL zfvfx? k/LIf0f ul/Psf] gd"gf ;85

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

nfO{ cfjZos h8La'6L Pj+ ;'ulGwt t]nhGo lj?jfx? ;+sng ug]{ .

+Vof2= ;+slnt lj?Jffx?sf] klxrfg ug]{ . k/LIf0f ul/Psf] gd"gf ;

+Vof3= ;+slnt h8La'6L Museum df ;dfj]z ug]{, k/LIf0f ul/Psf] gd"gf ;

+Vof4= ;+slnt jg:kltsf gd"gfx?nfO{ j}1flgs 9fFrfdf

n]alnË u/]/ ;fj{hlgs k|bz{gdf /fVg] k|hflt ;+Vof

5= ljleGg ljZjljBfno, ljBfnoaf6 cfpg] zf]wfyL{ tyf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ;+slnt gd"gfx? af/] hfgsf/L lbg] .

;]jfu|fxL ;+Vof

6= lj?jfsf] ck|zf]lwt, cw{ k|zf]lwt efux? klxrfg u/L afXo ;]jf lbg],

;]jfu|fxL ;+Vof ÷ gd"gf ;+Vof

7= ;+slnt gd"gfx?sf] af/]df hfgsf/L d"ns k':ts k'l:tsf k|sf;g ug]{,

k|sf;g ;+Vof ÷k|sf/ ÷u'0f:t/

8= jg:klt ljefu cGtu{tsf ;~rflnt cg';Gwfg sfo{x?jf6 ljsl;t ;j} jg:klt hGo ;f/tTj, gofF kmd{'n]zg, j0f{z+s/, k|hflt cflbsf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gfddf Patent bfjL ug Patent/Intellectual Property Right bfjL ug{ k|s[of rnfpg],



u_ kmfdf{sf]nf]hL tyf Plgdn xfp; zfvf

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

1= jg:klthGo cf}ifwLx?sf] k|efj ljleGg hgfj/x?sf] zf/Ll/s k|0ffnLdf x]g]{ .

zf]w ;+Vof

2= jg:kltsf ;f/tTjx?sf] k|efj kl/If0f ubf{ ltgLx?sf] ;fO8 Ok]mS6 af/]df cWoog ug]{ .

zf]w ;+Vof

3= jg:klt / jg:klthGo ;f/tTjx?sf] sfd / k|efjsf] cfwf/df dfqf lgwf{/0f ug]{ .

Formulation/product

4= k|fKt glthfx? :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL hg{nx?df k|sflzt ug]{ .

Journal article/Impact factor

86

5= v/fof], lugLlku, d';f tyf dfO;x? kfnL ltgLx?sf] ;+/If0f sfo{ ug]{ .

k|hflt ÷;+Vof

6= o; sfo{qmd k|of]hgsf] nflu jg:klthGo cf}ifwLx?sf] k|efj cWoog ug{ dfu adf]lhdsf] hgfj/ pknAw u/fpg] .

pknJw ;+Vof

7= afX\o ;+3, ;:yfx?af6 hgfj/ dfu ePdf o; sfof{nosf] gful/s a8fkqdf pNn]v eP cg';f/ hgfj/ pknAw u/fpg] .

pknJw ;+Vof

8= kflnPsf hGt'x?sf] k|hgg b/, hLjg rqm cflbsf] af/]df cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ / k|fKt glthfx?nfO{ :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL hg{nx?df k|sf;g ug]{ .


9= jfof]nf]lhsn dxfzfvf cGtu{t /x]sf cGo zfvfx?df ;~rflnt cg';Gwfgsf] cfwf/df gofF cf}ifwLx?sf] kmd{'n]zg ljsf; ug]{ .

Formulation ;+Vof

10=ljsl;t kmd{'n]zgx?sf] ;DjlGwt zfvfx?sf] ;xsfo{df pkof]u tyf c;/x?sf] cWoog ug]{ .

Formulation ;+Vof

11=tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

ª_ OG6f]df]nf]hL tyf KnfG6 Kofyf]nf]hL zfvf

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

1= ljleGg h+unL tyf v]tL ul/Psf jg:kltx?df nfUg] /f]uls/fx?sf] cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ .

zf]w ;+Vof2= /f]uL lj?jfx?sf] gd'gf ;+sng ug]{ . ;+slnt gd"gf ;+Vof3= /f]ux?sf] klxrfg u/L lg/fs/0f ug]{ tl/sfsf] ljsf;

ug]{ ./f]ux?sf] Database

4= /f]u nfu]sf lj?jfx?af6 zq'hLj / ldqhLjx?sf] klxrfg u/L cfjZos Joj:yfkg ug]{ .

zq'hLj / ldqhLjsf] ;"rL5= h8Lj'6L v]tL ubf{ cfOkg]{ ;fdflhs, cfly{s

bfloTj cflbsf] n]vfhf]v ug]{ .6= tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

$= /fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt pBfg s]Gb|87

qm=;+=

sfo{ ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

!= g]kfndf ePsf jg:kltx?sf] xj]{l/od gd"gf ;+sng, klxrfg u/L xj]{l/oddf ;+/If0f ug]{,

@= ;+slnt gd'gfx? ;fy} hLljt jg:kltx? cWoog cg';Gwfg u/L PsLs[t tYofÍ Pj+ ljj/0fx? ;dfj]z u|Gy -g]kfn ˆnf]/f_ k|sfzg ug]{,

k|sflzt Volume÷jfg:klts kl/jf/

#= xj]{l/od gd"gfx?sf] l8lh6fOh]zg ug]{,$= pko'Qm e"–jgf}6 x]/L jg:klt pBfgdf hLljt lj?

jfx?sf] ;+sng tyf ;+/If0f ug{],;+slnt lj?jf k|

hflt%= cfly{s b[li6sf]0fn] dxTjk"0f{ tyf

b'n{e ,nf]kf]Gd'v jg:klt k|hfltx?sf] tGt' k|hgg\ k|f]6f]sn -Tissue culture protocol ) ljsf; ug]{,

k|hflt ;+Vof

^= k|ljlw ljsf; e} ;s]sf jg:kltx?sf] Pilot scale df pTkfbg tyf ;+/If0f ug{ cg';Gwfg ug]{,

k|hflt ;+Vof ÷ Survival Rate

&= :jb]zL zf]egLo km"n lj?jfx?sf] cWoog, cg';Gwfg ug]{,

k|hflt ;+Vof

*= :jb]zL zf]egLo km"n lj?jfx?sf] 3/]n's/0f tyf lj:tf/sf k|ljlw ljsf; ug]{,

k|hflt ;+Vof ÷ Survival Rate

(= b'n{e, nf]kf]Gd'v tyf ;+s6fkGg jg:kltx?sf] ljleGg :yfgx?jf6 ;+sng u/L tL jg:klt k|hfltx?sf] ;+/If0f, cWoog cg';Gwfg tyf clen]lvs/0f ug]{,

;+/lIft k|hflt ;+Vof

!)= pBfg leq ljleGg hflt ljif]z pBfgx?sf] ljsf; ug]{,

k|hflt ;+Vof÷pBfg

If]qkmn!!= :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL clt ljlzi6 dxfg'efjx?

nfO{ lelecfOkL j[Iff/f]k0f jfl6sfdf j[Iff/f]k0f u/fpgsf] nflu kxn ug]{,

j[Iff/f]k0f ;+Vof

!@=

u}/s/ /fhZj kl/dfh{gsf] nflu ljefudf /fo k]z ug]{,

!#=

jg:klt cg';Gwfgsf] ljljw ljwfdf cWoog cg';Gwfg u/L k|fKt glthfx? ljleGg k':ts, k'l:tsf, j}1flgs n]v, /rgf cflbsf] ?kdf k|sfzg ug]{,

n]v, /rgf, k':ts k|sfzg ;+Vof

!$=

g]kfnsf jg:kltx? af/] ;"rgf k|jfx ;fy} r]tgf clej[l4 ug]{,

n]v, /rgf, /]l8of],

l6=eL= sfo{qmd

! tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .88

%= o; s]Gb| cGt/ut b'O{ j6f zfvfx? /xg] 5g\

89

v_ /fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt k|of]uzfnf

qm=;+=

sfo{ ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

!= g]kfnel/sf] jg:klt ;j]{If0f kZrft\ jg:kltsf gd'gfx? ;+sng u/L /fli6«o xa]{l/oddf j}1flgs 9+un] ;+/If0f u/L /fVg] .

;+/lIft gd"gf ;+Vof

@=

jg:klt ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f ;Daw{g ug]{ . k|hflt ;+Vof

#=

jg:klt ;Dkbfsf] lbuf] pkof]u ub}{ b]z ljsf;df 6]jf k'¥ofpg jg:klt cg';Gwfgsf] ljljw ljwfx?df cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ .

zf]w ;+Vof ÷ u'0f:t/

$= ;+slnt gd'gfx? ;fy} hLljt jg:kltx? cWoog cg';Gwfg u/L PsLs[t tYofÍ Pj+ ljj/0fx? ;dfj]z u|Gy -g]kfn ˆnf]/f_ k|sfzg ug]{ .

k|sflzt ef]nd÷jg:klt kl/jf/ ;+Vof

%=


k|sflzt ;+Vof

^=


km]g]/f]u]D; OsfO

qm=;+=

sfo{ ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

!= g]kfnel/sf] k"mn k"mNg] jg:klt ;j]{If0f u/L jg:kltsf gd'gfx? ;+sng u/L /fli6«o xa]{l/oddf j}1flgs 9+un] ;+/If0f u/L /fVg] .

;+/lIft gd"gf ;+Vof

@= jg:klt ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f ;Daw{g ug]{ . k|hflt ;+Vof#= jg:klt ;Dkbfsf] lbuf] pkof]u ub}{ b]z ljsf;df

6]jf k'¥ofpg jg:klt cg';Gwfgsf] ljljw ljwfx?df cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ .



k|sflzt ef]nd÷jg:klt kl/jf/ ;+Vof

90

%= jg:klt cg';Gwfgsf] ljljw ljwfdf cWoog cg';Gwfg u/L k|fKt glthfx? ljleGg k':ts, k'l:tsf, j}1flgs n]v, /rgf cflbsf] ?kdf k|sfzg ug]{ .

k|sflzt ;+Vof

^= ;+slnt jg:kltsf gd'gfx?sf] klxrfg tyf gfdfs/0f ug]{ .

k|hflt ;+Vof

&= ;+sng u/L /fli6«o xj]{l/odsf] ;+u|xdf /fvLPsf jg:kltsf gd'gfx?sf] :ofxf/ ;+ef/ (Curation) ug]{ .

gd'gf ;+Vof

*= cWoog cg';Gwfgsf nflu cfjZos ;Gbe{ ;fdu|Lx? (Literatures and Herbarium Specimens) x?sf] cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ .

(= km"n km'Ng] ju{sf jg:kltx?sf] cWoog cg';Gwfgsf nflu klxrfg ;DaGwL ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] .

lqmK6f]u]D; OsfO

!qm=;+=

sfo{ ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

!= g]kfnel/sf] n]p, a|fof]kmfO6, nfOs]g, Rofp, 9";L / pGo" ju{sf jg:klt ;j]{If0f u/L jg:kltsf gd'gfx? ;+sng u/L /fli6«o xa]{l/oddf j}1flgs 9+un] ;+/If0f u/L /fVg] .

;+/lIft gd"gf ;+Vof

@= jg:klt ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f ;Daw{g ug]{ . k|hflt ;+Vof#= jg:klt ;Dkbfsf] lbuf] pkof]u ub}{ b]z ljsf;df

6]jf k'¥ofpg jg:klt cg';Gwfgsf] ljljw ljwfx?df cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ .



k|sflzt Volume÷ jfg:klts kl/jf/ ;+Vof

%= jg:klt cg';Gwfgsf] ljljw ljwfdf cWoog cg';Gwfg u/L k|fKt glthfx? ljleGg k':ts, k'l:tsf, j}1flgs n]v, /rgf cflbsf] ?kdf k|sfzg ug]{ .

k|sflzt ;fdfu|L ;+Vof

^= ;+slnt jg:kltsf gd'gfx?sf] klxrfg tyf gfdfs/0f ug]{ .

k|hflt ;+Vof

&= ;+sng u/L /fli6«o xj]{l/odsf] ;+u|xdf /fvLPsf gd'gf ;+Vof

91

jg:kltsf gd'gfx?sf] :ofxf/ ;+ef/ (Curation) ug]{ .*= cWoog cg';Gwfgsf nflu cfjZos ;Gbe{ ;fdu|

Lx? (Literatures and Herbarium Specimens) x?sf] cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ .

(= lqmK6f]u]D; ju{sf jg:kltx?sf] cWoog cg';Gwfgsf nflu klxrfg ;DaGwL ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] .

klxrfg ;]jf ;+Vof

jf]6flgsn ;e]{ tyf Osf]nf]hL OsfO

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

1= g]kfndf kfOg] ljleGg jfg:klts OsfO{x?sf] kfl/l:yt lj1fg (Ecology) sf] cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ .

zf]w ;+Vof / u'0f:t/

2= kfl/l:yltlso k|0ffnLx?sf] kl/df0ffTds cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ .

zf]w ;+Vof / u'0f:t/3= g]kfnsf] ljleGg Vegetation Zone cg';f/ jg:klt k|

hfltx?sf] ;e]{ u/L clen]vLs/0f ug]{, ;e]{ tyf clen]lvs/0f ;+Vof

4= ;+slnt df6f] tyf kfgLsf] /f;folgs u'0fsf] ljZn]if0f ug]{,

ljZn]if0f ;+Vof5= jg jg:klt / jftfj/0f ;DaGwL cWoog cg';Gwfgsf

glthfx?sf] k|sfzg ug]{ .Journal article/Impact factor

Osf]gf]lds af]6fgL OsfO

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

1= g]kfndf kfOg] jg:kltx?sf] k/Dk/fut k|of]ux? h:t} cf}ifwL, vfB, /+u cflb h:tfsf] jf/]df cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{

k|hflt ;+Vof÷k|lt jif{

2= k|fKt glthfx?nfO{ Jofks 5nkmn u/L :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL hg{nx?df k|sfl;t ug]{ .


3= jg:kltx?n] g]kfnL hghfltx? / /fli6«o cy{tGqdf kfg{ ;Sg] cfly{s kIfx?sf] klg cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{


92

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

4= jg:kltx?sf] k/Dk/fut k|of]usf] 1fgnfO{ k|dfl0fs/0f u/L ljZj Jofkf/df kx'Frsf] cWoog ug]{

k|dfl0ft clen]vsf] volume/quantity/queries

g]kfn ˆnf]/f OsfO

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

1= xj]{l/oddf ;+/lIft gd"gfx?sf] l8lh6fOh];g ug]{,

l8lh6fOh];g ;+Vof

2= jg:klt ;j]{If0fsf] nflu ;DjlGwt ;+:yfx? tyf j}1flgsx? ;+u ;dGjo ug]{,

j}7s, uf]i7L ;+Vof

3= g]kfn ˆnf]/f;+u ;DjlGwt ljleGg k':ts, k'l:tsf, j}1flgs n]v, /rgf cflbsf] ?kdf k|sfzg ug{ ;xof]u ug]{,

k|sfzg ;+Vof

4= g]kfn ˆnf]/f;+u ;DjlGwt tflndx? ;+rfng ug]{,

tflnd ;+Vof5= tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

Pgf6f]dL P08 ;fO6f]nf]hL OsfO

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

6= g]kfndf /x]sf jg:kltx?sf] sf]ifLo / tGt'x?sf] ;+/rgfsf] af/]df cWoog cg'';Gwfg ug]{ .

Slide ;+Vof÷k|hflt÷u'0f:t/

7= klxrfgsf nflu k|fKt x'g cfPsf gd"gfx?nfO{ k|of]uzfnfdf k/LIf0f u/L s'g jg:klt xf] egL lgwf{/0f ug]{ .

klxrfg ul/Psf] k|hfltsf] ;+Vof

8= ljleGg k|hfltsf jg:kltx?sf sf7sf gd'gfx? ;+sng u/L Pgf6f]dLsf nflu l/km/]G; tof/ ug]{ .

Reference k|hfltsf] ;+Vof÷u'0f:t/

9= j}1flgs tyf cfly{s b[li6sf]0fn] dxTjk"0f{ tyf b'n{e jg:klt k|hftLx?sf] sf]ifLo ;+/rgf Pj+

j+zf0f' ;DaGwL] cWoog u/L clen]v /fVg] .

Database volume/no. of queries/ quality of database

93

10=ljleGg k|fs[lts tyf s[ltd /;fogx?sf] jg:kltsf] c0f'j+zdf kg{ hfg] c;/x?sf] af/]df cg';Gwfg ug]{

k/LIf0f ;+Vof÷k|hflt

11=k|fKt glthfx? j}1flgs cg'zGwgfTds hg{nx?df k|sflzt ug]{ .

Journal article/impact factor

;b'kof]u tyf kfOn6 KnfG6 OsfO

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

1= k|of]uzfnfdf cWoog tyf cg';Gwfgaf6 ljsf; ePsf] k|ljlwsf] kfO{n6 :s]ndf k/LIf0f ug]{ .

k|ljlw u'0f:t/ / ;+Vof2= h8La'6Lsf] :t/ lgwf{/0f ug]{ . u'0f:t/

k|dfl0fs/0f ;l6}lkms]6

3= kfO{n6 zfvfsf] k/LIf0faf6 pko'Qm b]lvPsf k|ljlwx?sf] k|:ff/ ug]{ .

k|;fl/t k|ljlwsf] ;+Vof4= cf}iflwhGo / t]no'Qm jg:kltsf] k|zf]wg ug]{

.k|hflt ;+Vof / kl/df0f

jfof]6]Sgf]nf]hL tyf df]nLSo"n/ Sof/]S6/fOh];g OsfO

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

1= cfly{s b[li6sf]0fn] dxTjk"0f{ tyf b'n{e ,nf]kf]Gd'v jg:klt k|hfltx?sf] tGt' k|hgg\ k|f]6f]sn -Tissue culture protocol ) ljsf; ug]{,

k|hflt ;+Vof ÷ Protocol ;+Vof

2= k|ljlw ljsf; e} ;s]sf jg:kltx?sf] Pilot scale df pTkfbg tyf ;+/If0f ug{ cg';Gwfg ug]{,

zf]w ;+Vof ÷ u'0f:t/3= jg:klt klxrfgsf] nflu Molecular Characterization

and DNA Bar Coding ;DjlGw sfd ug,]{k|hflt ÷ u'0f:t/ ÷Database volume

4= k|of]uzfnfdf pTkflbt lj?jfx?sf] lkmN8 k/LIf0f ug]{,

Success rate ÷ k|hflt5= lkmN8 k/LIf0fsf] nflu OR5's s[ifsx?nfO{ klg

lj?jf pknAw u/fpg],pknJw lj?j ;+Vof

6= ljZj kl/j]zdf h]g]l6s OGhLlgol/Ë cflbaf6 ag]sf GMO (Genetically Modified Organisms) sf] h}ljs ;'/Iff ;DaGwL cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{,

GMO Database/Query

94

qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

7= h}ljs k|ljlw ;DaGwL tflnd lbg], ;xefuL ;+Vof÷lbg8= h}ljs k|ljlw ;DaGwL hfgsf/L -;"rgf_ pknAw

u/fpg]÷lbg] .;]jfu|fxL ;+Vof

s_ /fli6«o jg:klt pBfg

qm=;+=

sfo{ ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

!= hLljt jg:kltx? tyf jLpx? ;+sng u/L pBfgdf ;+/If0f u/L /fVg,

k|hflt ;+Vof

@= Nof08:s]k tyf lyd]l6s uf8]{gsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{,

If]qkmn

#= pBfgdf ;+/If0f ul/Psf jg:klt k|hfltx?sf] clen]lvs/0f ug]{,

k|hflt ;+Vof

$= b'ne{, nf]kf]Gd'v tyf ;+s6fkGg jg:kltx?sf] ;+sng, ;+/If0f Pjd\ cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{,

k|hflt ;+Vof ÷ zf]w ;+Vof / u'0f:t/

%= cfly{s dxTjsf h8Lj'6Lx?sf] v]tL k|ljlw ljsf; ;DjlGw cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{,


^= :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL jg:kltx?sf] j+zf0f' ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f ug]{,

k|hflt ;+Vof

&= :jb]zL zf]egLo jg:kltx?sf] 3/]n's/0f tyf lj:tf/sf] nflu k|ljlw ljsf; ug]{,


*= ˆnf]l/sNr/ tyf pBfg ljsf; ;DjlGw tflnd ;+rfng ug]{,

;xefuL ;+Vof / u'0f:t/

(= pBfgnfO{ kof{ko{6gsf] ?kdf ljsf; ug]{,!)= dfu eP jdf]lhd ljBfno, sn]h, gu/kflnsfdf pBfg

ljsf; ug]{ tyf k/fdz{ ;]jf k|bfg ug]{,;]jfu|fxL ;+Vof

!!= jg:klt ;+/If0f tyf ;b'kof]u ;DjlGw hgr]tgf km}nfpg],

/]l8of], l6=eL= sfo{qmd, n]v /rgf ;+Vof

! tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .95

qm=;+=

sfo{ ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

@=

Nof08:s]k tyf lyd]l6s uf8]{g OsfO

qm=;+=

sfo{ ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

!= pBfg leq /x]sf ljleGg Nof08:s]k tyf lyd]l6s uf8]{gx?sf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ . h:t} M /s uf8]{g, /f]h uf8]{g, lnnL uf8]{g, sf]/f]g]zg kf]08, cls{8 uf8]{g, cflb .

pBfg If]qkmn ÷

k|sf/

@= jg:klt pBfgdf xfn /x]sf lydfl6s uf8]{gx?sf] ;dLIff u/L yk36 ug]{ .

#= lhNnf l:yt /x]sf jg:klt pBfgx? / cGo ;+3;:yf jf JolQmx?nfO{ cfj:os k/fdz{ lbg] .

;]jfu|fxL ;+Vof

$= ljZjdf k|Voft jg:klt pBfgx?sf] clen]v /fVg] / ltgLx?;Fusf] ;xsfo{sf] kxn ug]{ .

%= g]kfndf /x]sf jg:klt pBfgx?nfO{ :t/f]Gglt ug{ cfj:os ef}lts k"jf{wf/x?sf] ljsf; ug]{

^= /fli6«o tyf cGt/fli6«o :t/sf clt ljlzi6 kfx'gfx?sf] e|d0fsf] cj;/df j[Iff/f]k0fsf] nflulj?jfx? tof/ ug]{ .

k|hflt ;+Vof

&= pBfg ljsf; ;DjlGw tflnd, sfo{zfnf, uf]li7 ;+rfng ug]{ .

;xefuL ;+Vof ÷ k|

efjsfl/tf*= cfuGt's, cg';Gwfgstf{ tyf ljBfly{x?

nfO{ cWoog cg';Gwfgsf nflu jg:kltx?sf] cjnf]sg tyf tt\ ;DaGwLt cGo hfgsf/Lx? pknAw u/fpg] .

;]jfu|fxL ;+Vof

(= tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

Knf06 h]g]l6s l/;f]{; OsfO

qm=;+=

sfo{ ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

!= jg:klt pBfg leq /x]sf ljleGg jg:klt k|hfltx?sf] :j:yfgLo (In-situ) tyf k/:yfgLo (Ex-situ) ?kdf ;

k|hflt ;+Vof

96

qm=;+=

sfo{ ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

+/If0f tyf cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{ .@= ljleGg k|;f/0f tyf lj:tf/ ljlw (sl6Ë, u|flˆ6Ë,

cflb) ¢f/f jg:klt ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f ug]{ .k|hflt ;+Vof

#= Green House tyf Shade House df ;dfj]z ul/Psf jg:kltx?sf] tYofÍ tyf clen]v cBfjlws ug]{ .

Database Volume

$= :yfgLo ?kdf pknAw jg:kltx?sf] ;+/If0f / ;Da4{g ug]{ .

k|hflt ;+Vof

%= pBfg leq /x]sf :yfgLo ?kdf pknAw jf]6 lj?jfsf] clen]v tof/ u/L ltgLx?sf] sGh/e];g :6f6;sf] clen]v cBfjlws /fVg] .

Database Volume

^= g]kfndf kfO{g] b'n{e, :ju[xL tyf ;+s6fkGg lj?jfx?sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ .

k|hflt ;+Vof

&= dxTjk"0f{ :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL jg:kltx?sf] j+zf0f' ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f ug]{ .

k|hflt ;+Vof

*= ;+/If0fsf nflu ;+slnt jg:kltx?sf] :ofxf/ ;+ef/ tyf tYofÍx? cBfjlws ug]{ .

Database Volume

(= :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL af]6lj?jfx?sf] clen]v cBfjlws u/L ;+/If0f ug{'kg]{ jg:kltx?sf] klxrfg ug]{ .

klxrfg ul/Psf k|hflt ;+Vof

!)= klxrfg ul/Psf jg:klt k|hfltsf aLpx? nfdf] ;do;Dd /fVgsf] nflu jLp a}+ssf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ .

k|hflt ;+Vof

!!= jLp a}+sdf /x]sf jg:kltx?sf] pd/0f k/LIf0f u/L cBfjlws ug]{ .

k|hflt ;+Vof

!@=

cfuGt's, cg';Gwfgstf{ tyf ljBfly{x?nfO{ cWoog cg';Gwfgsf nflu jg:kltx?sf] cjnf]sg tyf tt\ ;DaGwLt cGo hfgsf/Lx? pknAw u/fpg] .

;]jfu|fxL ;+Vof

!#=


97

ˆnf]/LsNr/ tyf Knf06 lj|l8Ë OsfO

qm=;+=

sfo{ ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

!= :jb]zL zf]egLo km"n lj?jfx?sf] ;j]{If0f, ;+sng tyf klxrfg u/L j}1flgs clen]v tof/ ug]{ .

Database Volume

@= g]kfnsf :yfgLo tyf /}yfg] zf]egLo km"n lj?jfx?sf]] cfg'jf+zLs ;|f]tsf] :j:yfgLo tyf k/:yfgLo ;+/If0f / ;Dj¢{g ug]{ .

k|hflt ;+Vof

#= km"n lj?jfx? pTkfbg u/L xl/t u[x, ljlqm sIf nufot ljleGg :yfgx?df ;hfj6 tyf /f]k0f ug]{,

k|hflt ;+Vof

$= lkmN8df nufOPsf km"n lj?jfx?sf] j[l4 tyf /f]u ls/fx?sf]] cg'udg u/L tL lj?jfx?nfO{ /f]u / ls/fx?jf6 jrfpg],

/f]u k|sf/ ÷k|hflt

%= zf]elgo km"n lj?jf lj:tf/ k|ljlw tyf gZn ;'wf/sf] cWoog cg';Gwfg ug]{,

k|hflt ÷u'0f:t/

^= :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL zf]egLo km"n lj?jfx?sf] 3/]n's/0f tyf lj:tf/s]f nflu k|ljlw ljsf; ug]{,

k|hflt ÷u'0f:t/

&= k'ik v]tL tyf jfujfgL ;DjGwL tflnd, sfo{zfnf, uf]i7Lx? ;+rfng ug]{,

;xefuL ;+Vof / u''0f:t/

*= k'ik k|bz{gL cfof]hgf ug]{ tyf k|bz{gLdf efu lng],

k|bz{gL ;+Vof

(= cfly{s dxTjsf h8Lj'6Lx?sf] v]tL k|ljlw ljsf; ug]{,

k|hflt ÷u'0f:t/

!)= k'ik Joj;foL, s[ifsx? nufot ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;+u k'ik ljsf;sf] nflu ;dGjo ug]{,

!!= tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

;"rgf tyf z}lIfs pBfg OsfO

qm=;+=

sfo{ ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

!= g]kfnsf b'n{e tyf nf]kf]Gd'v jg:klt ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f tyf pkof]lutf ;DjlGw ;"rgf, kmf]6f], j|f];/, cflb ;+sng u/L k|b{zg sIfdf k|rf/ k|;f/ tyf cjnf]sgsf nflu /fVg],

;"rgf ;fdfu|L k|sf/, ;+Vof / u'0f:t/

@= jfg:klts ;"rgf tyf k|bz{gL s]Gb| / gd"gf / k|98

OYgf]jf]6flgsn Do"lhod Joj:yfkg ug]{, hflt ;+Vof#= jfg:klts ;|f]t tyf pBfg ;+u ;DjlGwt j|f];/,

lnkmn]6, Go"h n]6/, cflb k|sfzg ug]{,k|sfl;t gd"gf / k|sf/

$= z}lIfs pBfg tyf hl8j'6L jfl6sfsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, k|hflt ÷If]qkmn

%= z}lIfs pBfg tyf hl8j'6L jfl6sfdf ePsf jg:kltx?df ;"rgf d"ns hfgsf/Lx? /fVg],

n]jn ;+Vof ÷k|hflt

^= cfuGt'sx?nfO{ jg:klt ;|f]t tyf pBfg ;DjlGw ;"rgf k|jfx ug{],

;]jfu|fxL ;+Vof

&= u}/s/ /fhZj ;+sng ug]{ tyf ;DjlGwt sfof{nodf bflvnf u/L ;f] sf] clen]v tof/ ug]{,

/fhZj j[l4b/

*= Friends of Botanical Garden÷BGCI÷ Zoo÷ljBfno÷sn]h tyf ;dfg p2]Zo ePsf ;+3 ;+:yfx?;+u ;dGjo u/L jg:klt pBfg Pjd\ ˆnf]l/sNr/ ;DjlGw /rgfTds lqmofsnfkx? ;+rfng ug]{,

;xefuL ;+Vof

(= jg:klt ;+/If0f ;DjlGw hgr]tgf km}nfpgsf] nflu lbj;, ;df/f]xx? ;+rfng ug]{ .

;xefuL ;+Vof, sfo{qmd k|sf/ / u'0f:t/

!)= tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cGo sfo{x? ug]{ .

lhNnf sfof{nox?÷hl8j'6L cg';Gwfg s]Gb|÷jg:klt pBfg÷xj{n kmfd{qm=;+=

sfo{ljj/0f ;"rsfÍ

1= cfkmgf] If]qleq kg]{ :yfgx?df h8La'6L tyf jg:kltsf] ks]6 If]qsf] klxrfg / k|fyldlss/0f ug]{

k|fyldsLs[t jg:kltsf] ;+Vof

2= jg:klt tyf h8La'6Lsf] ljsf; / la:tf/sf nflu Joj;flos of]hgf tof/ ug]{ .

3= jfg:klts ;e]{ tyf ;+sngsf] sfo{ ug]{ ;fy} k/Dk/fut 1fgsf] clen]vLs/0f ug]{ tyf ;f] sf]

k/Dk/fut ?kdf k|of[u x'g] jg:klt k|hfltsf] ;

99

dfWodaf6 æg]kfn nf]/fÆ k|sfzgdf of]ubfg lbg] .

+Vof;f] :yfgjf6 ;+slnt xj]{l/odsf] gd"gf

4= jg:klt klxrfgsf sfo{x? -jfg:klts, cf}iflwo u'0f, u'0f:t/ tyf k|df0fLs/0f _ug]{ .

;]jfu|fxL ;+Vof ÷ k|hflt

5= jg:klt cWoog, cg';Gwfgsf sfo{x? (Resources Inventory, Domestication, GACP (WHO, 2003), Molecular Characterisation & Processing Technique, Climate Change Impact, Technology Development & Transfer ) ug]{ .


6= :j:yflgo tyf k/:yflgo ;+/If0f -In situ & Ex situ Conservation) ug]{

:j:yflgo, nf]kf]Gd'v, b"n{d ?kdf ;"rLs[t k|hfltsf] ;+Vof

7= h8La'6L g;{/L :yfkgf, Joj:yfkg tyf ljh÷j]gf{ pTkfbg ug]{ tyf tflnd ;+rfng ug]{ .

pTkfbg g;{/L ;+Vof, j]gf{ pTkfbg ;+Vof

8= h8La'6L÷jg:klt ;"rgf s]Gb| -sIf_ Joj:yfkg ug]{ .

yk k|hflt ;+Vof k|ltjif{

9= ljefu;+u ;dGjo u/L cg';Gwfg l6dsf] u7g u/L sfof{Gjog ug]{ .

10=ahf/ dWo:ystf{ -Jofkf/L tyf s[ifssf lar_ sf] sfo{ ;d]t ug]{ .

11=Joj:yfkg sfo{ of]hgf tyf sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog sfo{ljlw cg';f/ sfo{ ;+rfng ug]{ .

12=cfufdL cf=j=sf] k|:tfljt sfo{qmd tyf cg'dflgt nfut -jh]6_ tof/ ug]{

100

s|=;+=


k|:tfljt

yk

36 s}lkmot

! dxflgb]{zs /f=k= k|yd -k|f=_

jg af]6fgL ! ! ) )

@ pkdxflgb]{zs /f=k= k|yd -k|f=_

jg af]6fgL ! ! ) )

# pkdxflgb]{zs /f=k= k|yd -k|f=_

OlGh s]d]i6|L ! ! )

$ pkdxflgb]{zs /f=k= k|yd -k|f=_

:jf:Yo kmfd]{;L ) ! !

% j}1flgs clws[t /f=k=lå= -k|f=_

jg af]6fgL ^ & !

^ j}1flgs clws[t /f=k=lå= -k|f=_

OlGh s]d]i6|L $ % jg:klt ljefusf ;DalGwt zfvf / k|fs[lts ;Dkbf cg';Gwfgzfnf PsLs[t ul/Psf]n] ;fljssf] ;+Vofdf kl/jt{g gePsf]

* jl/i7 cf}ifwL Joj:yfks

/f=k=lå= -k|f=_

:jf:Yo kmfd]{;L @ # !

( pk;lrj -k|zf;g_ /f=k=lå= k|zf;g ;fdfGo k|zf;g

! ! ) )

!) zfvf clws[t /f=k= t[= k|zf;g ;fdfGo k|zf;g

@ ! ) !

!! n]vf clws[t /f=k= t[= k|zf;g ! ! ) )!@ ;xfos j}1flgs

clws[t/f=k= t[=-k|f=_

jg af]6fgL !@ !% #

!# ;xfos jg clws[t /f=k= t[=-k|f=_

jg h=km= ) ! !

!$ ;xfos j}1flgs clws[t

/f=k= t[=-k|f=_

OlGh s]d]i6|L !) !) jg:klt ljefusf ;DalGwt

101

cg';"rL & jg:klt ljefusf]

zfvf / k|fs[lts ;Dkbf cg';Gwfgzfnf PsLs[t ul/Psf] .

!% ;xfos j}1flgs clws[t

/f=k= t[=-k|f=_

:jf:Yo kmfd]{;L ) $ $

!^ ;xfos kz' lrlsT;s /f=k= t[=-k|f=_

s[lif ! !

!& sDk'6/ clws[t /f=k= t[=-k|f=_

ljljw ! !

!* ;xfos j}1flgs clws[t

/f=k= t[=-k|f=_

s[lif ) ! ! yk Ps

!( ;xfos j}1flgs clws[t

/f=k= t[=-k|f=_

s[lif OlG6df]nf]hL

) ! ! yk Ps

@) ;xfos j}1flgs clws[t

/f=k= t[=-k|f=_

s[lif Kofyf]nf]hL

) ! ! yk Ps

@! tYof+s clws[t /f=k= t[=-k|f=_

cfly{s of]hgf

) ! ! yk Ps

@@

d]sflgsn OlGhlgo/ /f=k= t[=-k|f=_

OlGh, d]sflgsn ! ! oyfjt

@#

cl;:6]G6 af]6flgi6 /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|f=_

jg af]6fgL & !! $

@$

;'k/efOh/ /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|f=_

OlGh, d]sflgsn @ @

@%

;j OlGhlgo/ /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|f=_

OlGh, d]sflgsn ! !

@^

cl;:6]G6 s]ld:6 /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|f=_

OlGh, s]d]i6|L $ % !

@&

kmdf{l;i6 kfrf}+ tx

/f=k=cg+ k|=-k|f=_

:jf:Yo kmfd]{;L ) # #

@* n]vfkfn /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|=_

k|zf;g n]vf ! !

@( gfoa ;'Aaf /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|=_

k|zf;g ;fdfGo k|zf;g

$ $

#) 6f= gfoa ;'Aaf @ @

102

#! sDk'6/ ck/]6/ /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|f=_

ljljw ! !

#@

nfOa|]/Log /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|f=_

lzIff k':tsfno ! ! )

##

d]sflgsn ;'k/efOh/ /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|f=_

OlGh s]d]i6|L # # )

#$ gfoa k|fljlws ;xfos /f=k=cg+ lå= -k|f=_

s[lif xl6{sNr/ ! ) /f=j=x=k|= df ;dfj]z

#%

v/Lbf/ /f=k=cg+ lå|=-k|=_


@ @

#^

x]8 lkmN8 cl;:6]G6

/f=k=cg+= lå= -k|f=_

jg af]6fgL ) )

#&

cl;:6]G6 Nofa 6]lSgl;og

/f=k=cg+= lå= -k|f=_

OlGh d]sflgsn ! !

#* ;jf/L rfns >]0fL ljxLg OlGh d]sflgsn $ ^ @ ;]jf s/f/#( dfnL >]0fL ljxLg ^@ #% @

&hDdf !$& !#( @

%@*

103

s|=;+=


k|:tfljt

yk 36 s}lkmot

! s]Gb| k|dv /f=k= k|yd -k|f=_

jg af]6fgL ) ! ! /fli6«o xj]{l/od / jg:klt pBfg b'O{ sfof{nonfO{ ;dflxt u/]sf] .

@ jl/i7 pBfg clws[t /f=k=lå=k|f jg jf]6fgL ! !

# jl/i7 cg';Gwfg clws[t /f=k=lå=k|f jg jf]6fgL ! !$ jg:klt clws[t /f=k=lå=k|f jg jf]6fgL ) # # tLgj6f

pBfgx? - sf:sL, ?kGb]xL / lrtjg_ ;d]t

% pBfg clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= jg jf]6fgL # #^ s[lif clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= s[lif, xl6{sNr/ ) ! !& ;xfos kz' lrlsT;s /f=k= t[=-

k|f=_s[lif ) ! ! sf:sL

* ;xfos cg';Gwfg clws[t

/f=k=t[=k|f= jg jf]6fgL !* !# %( ;xfos cg';Gwfg

clws[t/f=k=t[=k|f= OlGh s]d]i6|L ) ! !

!) ;xfos jg:klt clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= jg jf]6fgL ) & & tLgj6f pBfgx? ;d]t

!! zfvf clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= K|zf;g K|zf;g ! !!@ n]vf clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= K|zf;g n]vf @ ) @ Vff/]h!# cl;:6]G6 af]6flgi6 /f=k=cg+

k|=-k|f=_jg af]6fgL $ @# ( ;'k/

efOh/ / X]8 uf8]{g/ ;d

104

cg';"rL * /fli6«o xj]{l/od tyf jg:klt pBfg s]Gb|sf] b/jGbL t]l/h

]t hf]l8Psf]

!@ cl;:6]G6 s]ld:6 /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|f=_

OlGh, s]d]i6|L ) ! !

!# n]vfkfn /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|_

K|zf;g n]vf ) ! ! yk ul/Psf]

!$ gfoa ;'Aaf /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|_

K|zf;g K|zf;g ! !

!% x]8 lkmN8 cl;:6]G6


jg af]6fgL @ !* !^

!^ v/Lbf/ /f=k=cg+ lå|=-k|=_


! $ #

!& ;jf/L rfns >]0fL ljxLg OlGh d]sflgsn @ & %!* sfdbf/.dfnL >]0fL ljxLg @( &( %)

HfDdf ^% !^& !)@

105

s|=;+=


k|:tfljt

yk 36 s}lkmot

! jg:klt clws[t /f=k=lå=k|f jg af]6fgL # # ;fljssf] b/aGbLdf s'g} klg x]/km]/ gul/Psf] .

@ ;xfos jg:klt clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= jg jf]6fgL * *

# ;xfos j}1flgs clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= OlGh s]d]i6|L # #$ cl;:6]G6 af]6flgi6 /f=k=cg+

k|=-k|f=_jg af]6fgL ( (

% cl;:6]G6 s]ld:6 /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|f=_

OlGh, s]d]i6|L ! !

^ ;'k/efOh/ /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|f=_

OlGh, d]sflgsn ! !

& gfoa ;'Aaf /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|_

K|zf;g K|zf;g @ @

* n]vfkfn /f=k=cg+ k|=-k|_

K|zf;g n]vf % %

( ;xn]vfkfn /f=k=cg+= lå=-k|=_

K|zf;g n]vf @ @

!) x]8 lkmN8 cl;:6]G6


jg af]6fgL !! !!

!! ;jf/L rfns >]0fL ljxLg OlGh d]sflgsn ! !!@ sfdbf/.dfnL >]0fL ljxLg #$ #$ ;fljssf]

b/aGbLdf s'g} klg x]/km]/ gul/Psf] .

HfDdf *) *)

106

cg';"rL ( lhNnf jg:klt sfof{nox? -&_ sf] b/jGbL t]/Lh

s|=;+=


k|:tfljt

yk 36

s}lkmot

! ;xfos jg:klt clws[t /f=k=t[=k|f= jg jf]6fgL ) # #@ cl;:6]G6 af]6flgi6 /f=k=cg+

k|=-k|f=_jg af]6fgL ) ^ ^

# x]8 lkmN8 cl;:6]G6


jg af]6fgL ) ^ ^

$ ;xn]vfkfn /f=k=cg+= lå=-k|=_

K|zf;g n]vf ) # #

% ;jf/L rfns >]0fL ljxLg OlGh d]sflgsn ) @ @ ;'g;/L / l;Gw'kfNwf]s

^ sfdbf/.dfnL >]0fL ljxLg ) !% !%

hDdf ) #% #%

107

cg';"rL !) cg';Gwfg s]Gb|sf] b/jGbL t]l/h

Documents

ONM DPR Part 1234... · Web viewg]kfnsf] ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s ljsf;sf] nflu dxTjk"0f{ ;fwgsf] ?kdf /x]sf] jg:klt ;|f]t÷h8La'6L ;|f]t hghLljsfsf] k|d'v cfwf/:tDesf] ?kdf /x]sf] 5