Open Access mandates : how to comply with these (for free)

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Overview

• Brief introduction to open access• Institutional mandates• Funder mandates• Benefits/aims• How to comply (for free)

What is Open Access?

• “Open access means that scientific literature should be publicly available, free of charge on the Internet so that those who are interested can read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, refer to and, in any other conceivable legal way, use full texts without encountering any financial, legal or technical barriers other than those associated with Internet access itself.”

(retrieved 02/01/2014 from Berlin Declaration website Max Planck Gesellschaft)

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Open access philosophy

• Why society has to pay for scientific research for which society has paid already several times:

• by means of governmental funding of research institutions;

• by means of the wage of the researcher:• by financing research projects;• - …• Tax payer pays to make research possible, so he/she

has the right to access the outcomes• Sharing research results more quickly

Gold Open Access Journals provide OA to their articles (either by charging the author-

institution for refereeing/publishing outgoing articles instead of charging the user-institution for accessing incoming articles, or by simply making their online edition free for all);

Beware of predatory open access publishers http://scholarlyoa.com/publishers/

Quality controlled overviews available DOAJ http://www.doaj.org/ ROAD http://road.issn.org/en QOAM http://www.qoam.eu

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Gold Open Access

Source: Morrison, Heather e.a. “Open Access Article Processing Charges: DOAJ Survey May 2014”. Publications 3.1 (2015): 1–16. www.mdpi.com. Web.

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Gold Open Access

Source: hgmorrison. “DOAJ, Impact Factor and APCs”. Sustaining the Knowledge Commons / Soutenir les savoirs communs. N.p., z.d. Web. 16 okt. 2015.

Green Open Access authors provide OA to their own published articles, by making their eprints

free for all (self-archiving) eprint = either preprint version or postprint version

Preprint = author version before peer review Postprint = author version after peer review, but without layout and copy-editing

by publisher mandates are usually demanding postprint versions.

Way to go if you want to comply with mandates for free Embargo periods might cause problems. Copyright and individual license agreements might cause problems.

Faculteit Rechten

Green Open Access : copyright issue

• In Belgium no exception on open access in copyright legislation• By transferring exploitation rights to a publisher in most cases an author

can not provide open access anymore to a final published version

• over 90% of journals have even given author self-archiving their explicit green light. Over 60% of them, including almost all top journals -- have given their green light to self-archiving the refereed final draft ("postprint") immediately upon acceptance for publication (http://www.eprints.org/openaccess/)

• so far so good

Faculteit Rechten

Green Open Access : embargo problems• Open access mandates usually demands open access within 6 or 12

months after publication date• Because journals sometimes apply embargo periods of 12 months and

more on self-archiving postprints it might be impossible for researcher to comply with open access mandates by following the green road. Seems to become a trend in publishing industry

Research community is asking by statements, petitions, … to revise these kind of policies so researchers can keep on complying for free with institutional and funder mandates Example LERU statement on Open Access published the 12th of October 2015http://www.leru.org/index.php/public/extra/signtheLERUstatement

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Click on the pictogram to insert an image

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Institutional mandates

Overview available @ http://roarmap.eprints.org/

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- Differences:- Encouragement or obligation- Applicable for different types of

publications- Precondition for research

evaluation- Gold/Green or both- Sanctions

- Some mandates are restrictive others are rather guidelines

Institutional mandates

University of Antwerp OA Policy

The UAntwerp OA policy implies that all UAntwerp authors are obliged to include the PDF of either the final author version or an open access publisher’s version when reporting a peer reviewed publication for inclusion in the academic bibliography. If allowed by the publisher’s copyright policy, the full text will be made available in open access on the institutional repository of the university. If open access is not possible, the library will archive a copy on a non-public server.

• Approved by the UAntwerp research council on 22 May 2014• Applicable as of 1 October 2014• Ratified by the Board of Directors on 10 October 2014

• because of the increasing open access requirements of research funders (ERC and Horizon 2020, FWO, Belspo, …)

• because of open access advantages

https://www.uantwerpen.be/en/library/services/publishing/open-access---reposi/

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University of Antwerp OA Policy

Aims of the open access policy:• To maximize the digital archiving of publications from

2014 onwards;• To maximize compliancy with open access requirements

of research funders;• To maximize a consistent online availability of

publications as far as permitted by copyright and license agreements.

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University of Antwerp OA Policy

Benefits for researchers:• Higher visibility• Indexed by crawlers• Open Access Citation Advantage

http://opcit.eprints.org/oacitation-biblio.html http://sparceurope.org/oaca_list/ Bibliométrie et Open Access à l'Ulg

http://hdl.handle.net/2268/179971

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University of Antwerp OA Policy

Benefits for researchers:Working paper/pre-print in repository• other researchers will have the information sooner and can easily

get to it which makes it more likely they will cite you later (opposite from embargo) [can be a factor 2-3 Harnad & Brody 2004]

• scientific progress can speed up significantly• readers can discover flaws in the paper (rare but very useful)• neat way to make things green open access and still have your

paper in high IF journal (read fine print)[Verbeeck, Johan 2015 https://www.fosteropenscience.eu/content/open-access-publishing-user-perspective]

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University of Antwerp OA Policy

Benefits for researchers:• Long-term archiving• Aid to detect scientific fraud;• Tekst mining on open access publications can support several

research domains.

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University of Antwerp OA Policy

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 20150.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

Open Access in IRUA

Percentage

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Funder mandates

Common philosophy:• Tax payer issue• Improve knowledge

circulation and innovation• Strengthen knowlegde-

based economy

Differences:• More or less restrictive

Faculteit Rechten

Grant agreement H2020 art. 29.2

Faculteit Rechten

FWO(http://www.fwo.be/en/general-regulations/)

Art 2§ 2 Following the Berlin Declaration of 2003 for the promotion of free access to scientific knowledge and cultural heritage, beneficiaries of FWO mandates, credits and projects must deposit the publications that result from the FWO subsidies in a public “Open Access” database, within one year from the date of publication, in order to effect greater impact and valorisation of their work. Researchers are also advised to publish their other publications in such an "Open Access" database, the so-called "Open Archives", together with the research data that resulted in these publications.

BELSPOARTIKEL 12: VERSPREIDING VAN RESULTATEN

12.1. Iedere INSTELLING moet garanderen dat de foreground waarvan ze eigenaar is zo snel mogelijk wordt vrijgegeven. Onverminderd de bepalingen vervat in artikel 11 verbindt iedere INSTELLING zich er toe de foreground zo snel mogelijk en kosteloos ter beschikking te stellen in een institutioneel open access depot (institutional open access repository) om lezen, downloaden, kopiëren, printen, verspreiden of doorzoeken ervan mogelijk te maken. Indien de INSTELLING in gebreke blijft, kan de STAAT de foreground vrijgeven op een gelijkaardige wijze. In ieder geval mag de STAAT het eindverslag bedoeld in artikel 7.3 van Bijlage I van dit contract, openbaar maken. De INSTELLING zal de onderzoekers steeds uitnodigen om gepubliceerde teksten, die voortvloeien uit het onderzoek, ter beschikking te stellen in een institutioneel open Access depot (institutional open access repository).

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How to comply for free : practical tips?

• Use green open access road• Check Romeo/Sherpa for copyright policies • Use gold open access if no APC is in place or a

reimbursement is provided by funder• Fair dealing button / Copy request button• Alternative open access publishing models• Negotiate with publishers

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Copyright checkSherpa/Romeo: website with publishers’ self-archiving policies. Searching is possible on journal title, ISSN and publisher. (http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo)

FFBD

FFBD

FFBD

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Fair dealing button

• If implemented by institutional repository• The Button allows individual users to request and

authors to provide a single eprint via semi-automated email. The purpose of the Button is to tide over research usage needs during any publisher embargo on Open Access

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Alternative open access models

• A lot of new models for scholarly communications arise : new business models, publications platforms, ….

• A problem is that they’re not always taken into account by research institutions and governmental bodies for evaluations, distribution keys for funding

• Not necessarily free• Based on consortia of libraries, public fundings,

advertising, mixed models.

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Negotiate with publishers

• In case you can’t comply with funder / institutional mandate on open access

• request an exception to the publishers' policy to allow the author to comply

• A template letter for this is available from OpenAIRE, or the EC. Options include• License to publish• Amending the publishing agreementhttps://www.openaire.eu/copyright-issues

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Negotiate with publishers

• Models for these options can be found at the following websites:

• SPARC Author Addendum: http://www.arl.org/sparc/author/addendum.shtml

• Science Commons / SPARC Scholar's Copyright Addendum Engine: http://scholars.sciencecommons.org/

• Copyright toolbox developed by SURF and the JISC: http://copyrighttoolbox.surf.nl/copyrighttoolbox/authors

Source:https://www.openaire.eu/openaire-guide-for-authors-en

rudi.baccarne@uantwerpen.be