Open Government and the Semantic Web: a field report Enriching government gazette notices with

knowledge graphs

Guido van der Wolk | Taxonic

SEMANTiCS 2019, Karlsruhe

GuidovanderWolk(PhD),So6wareEngineer,Utrecht,TheNetherlands

•  Model-drivendevelopment•  Datascience•  Machinelearning

ITconsultancycompany:•  LinkedData•  DynamicCaseManagement•  ICTservicesPartnerswithTopQuadrant,PoolParty,MarkLogic,FranzInc.,PegaandGOFAIR

Customopengovernment

•  NewDutchlegislaPon(starPng01-01-2021)– EverygovernmentorganizaPonmustpublishtheirnoPcesintheonlineofficialgazeVe

– Every18+ciPzenwillreceivecustomizable(frequency,geo-range,topics)e-mailnoPcesaboutpublicaPonsneartheirhomeaddress

Source:DossierBekendmakingswet,hVps://zoek.officielebekendmakingen.nl/dossier/35218

OnlineofficialgazeVeofTheNetherlands

•  300,000+publicaPonsayear•  OfficialsourcesinceJuly1,

2009•  Centralizedgovernment

–  state,parliament,treaPes

•  Decentralizedgovernment–  provinces(12),municipaliPes(355),waterboards(21)

•  XML,HTML,PDF,ODT,Metadata(XML)

•  Searchplacorm•  Geo-basede-mail

subscripPonplacorm•  Opendata(CC-0

license):searchandretrieveviaURL(SRU)interface

•  Webaddress:hVps://officielebekendmakingen.nl/

GovernmentpublicaPonsintheneighbourhood

hVps://geozet.koop.overheid.nl/overuwbuurt/onl/

FAIRdataFAIRDataaimstosupportexisPngcommuniPesintheiraVemptstoenablevaluablescienPficdataandknowledgetobepublishedanduPlizedina‘FAIR’manner.Findable-(meta)dataisuniquelyandpersistentlyidenPfiable.Shouldhavebasicmachine-readabledescripPvemetadata.Accessible-dataisreachableandaccessiblebyhumansandmachinesusingstandardformatsandprotocols.Interoperable-(meta)dataismachinereadableandannotatedwithresolvablevocabularies/ontologies.Reusable-(meta)dataissufficientlywell-describedtoallow(semi)automatedintegraPonwithothercompaPbledatasources.

hVp://www.nature.com/arPcles/sdata201618

EnrichinggovernmentgazeVenoPceswithknowledgegraphs:adatahub

Retrieve data and metadata

Data wrangling Define semantic model Make data linkable

Deploy enriched data/metadata

Combine with other data Query combined data Monitoring and

visualization

DatawranglingdoneFAIR

•  Understandingthedata•  Uniqueandpersistent•  Datadomainandrange•  UnravelconcatenaPon•  Mergingfields•  Provenance•  XMLtoTurtle

Currentmetadatascheme

SemanPcenrichment•  dcterms•  dcam•  dcat•  foaf•  geo•  prov•  rdf/rdfs•  skos

•  bwb•  ecli•  lido

•  oep•  overheid•  overheidop

SemanPcenrichment(type/subject)

SemanPcenrichment(spaPal)

CoordinatesinEPSG28992format

SemanPcenrichment(legalsource)

AnewresourceidenPfierstrategyType Example

Register {prefix}/id/gemeente

Registeritem {prefix}/id/gemeente/gm0004

Page {prefix}/doc/gemeente/gm0004

Concept {prefix}/def/concept/{idenPfier}

Class {prefix}/def/class/gemeente

Property {prefix}/def/property/gemeentecode

Dataset {prefix}/set/gemeente

Datasetitem {prefix}/set/gemeente/20190101

BasedoninternaPonalguidelines:•  Gov.UK:hVp://ukgovld.github.io/ukgovldwg/recommendaPons/uri-

paVerns.html•  ISA:hVps://joinup.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/document/

2013-02/D7.1.3%20-%20Study%20on%20persistent%20URIs.pdf

Linkabledata

•  ApplythesemanPcmodeltotheoriginaldatatomakedatalinkable

•  Deploytodatahub–  Searchondataandmetadata– Machinecandiscoverthedata–  Inferencing:derivingnewfactsfromexisPngdata–  FederatedqueriessPllachallenge

•  ServiceableSPARQL•  OtherdatasetsincompleteforcertainPmeslices•  OtherdatasetsnotFAIR

Monitoringdataquality

•  DiscoverpublicaPonswith– addressinPtlebutwithoutgeo:Point– 100+geo:Point’s– dcterms:type“other”buttypeinPtle– arPcleoflawinPtlewithoutreferencetolaw–  legalsource“unknown”

MonitoringandvisualizaPon(1)SunburstdiagrampublicaPonproductandorganizaPonfor2018

Type %

Municipality 74%

State 19%

Waterboard 3%

Province 2%

MonitoringandvisualizaPon(2)

SunburstdiagrampublicaPonproductandtypefor2018

Combinewithotherdata

•  RegistryofgovernmentorganizaPons•  Geo-anddemographicandsocial-economicinformaPon

•  JudicialinformaPon:laws,arPcleoflaw,courtjudgments,treaPes,guidelines

QuerycombineddataBuildingsbyageinsideadistrict(geosparql)

CBSandBAGdata,hVps://data.labs.pdok.nl/yasgui

Theroadahead

•  Whichdistrictsareunder-oroverpublishing?•  Whataregoodgeo-rangestoofferciPzensinnoPficaPonservice?District,street,radius?

•  Offersearchinterfacefor– publicaPonsofsimilartypeinstreet/city/province;

– publicaPonsrelatedtosamelegalsource;– olderpublicaPonsforthesameaddress;– publicaPontypes(highergranularity)

OpengovernmentandtheSemanPcWeb:afieldreport

•  OfficialgazeVecurrentlyalmostFAIR•  EnrichingpublicaPonswithknowledgegraphs– enablesdataqualitymonitoring/analysis– enablescustomopengovernment– preparesformachinelearningenrichment

OpengovernmentandtheSemanPcWeb:afieldreport

Q&A