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THE COMPLETE MAGAZINE ON OPEN SOURCE

Volume: 10 | Issue: 11

IS NOW OPEN SOURCE FOR YOU

Security: Beef Up Your IT Infrastructure With Tripwire

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Volume: 01 | Issue: 04 | Pages: 112 | January 2013

NETWORK STORAGEBuild A Home-Grown NAS With An Old Computer Set Up Your Own Network Storage Using FreeNAS

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ContentsDEVELOPERS30 32 37 40 44 47Embedded Android Gets Popular! Use Emscripten to Compile Code Into JavaScript An Introduction to Socket Programming in C (UDP) Explore PHP on Your Android Device What A Native Developer Should Know About Android Security What are OSGi Web Applications?

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aDmin51 56 59Build Your Own Home-Grown NAS with an Old Computer Set Up Your Own Network Storage Using FreeNAS A Peek Into Tripwire, The Open Source Security Tool

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REGULaR FEATURES08 You Said It... 11 Offers of the Month 12 Q&A Powered ByLFY Facebook

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18 Open Gadgets 22 FOSSBytes 105 FOSS Jobs 108 Tips & Tricks 110 Events & EditorialCalender

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Worlds #1 Open Source MagazineGet Noticed! Advertise Now! Contact Priyanka @ +91 11 4059 6614EFY Enterprises Pvt Ltd D-87/1, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase 1, New Delhi 110 020

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YOU SAID ITA wish list for OSFY!I have been a long-time subscriber of LFY (now OSFY). While in service, I benefited immensely from your magazine as I was able to maintain Linux servers ably, assisted by a private vendor. After retirement too, I work off and on, and Linux keeps me engaged always. I have introduced Linux where I work now and my colleagues found Ubuntu useful. However, the Linux Mint 13 carried by you recently has found more takers because of its Cinnamon desktop. (There is some problem with Mate - some error message appears.) I recently installed Wine in Cent OS from the source code but its functionality was limited. However, when I installed Wine in Mint 13, I was in for a pleasant surprise. When I clicked Wine, it gave four options. I mounted a borrowed MS Office back-up copy (I work with Open Office only), and it got installed without any hitch. (I did know that software such as CrossOver or Bordeaux were available for this, but I was not comfortable paying in dollars using a credit card.) Now, I am sure my colleagues will switch over to Linux but use MS Office at the same time, thus enjoying the best of both worlds. Thank you, OSFY! I also have a few suggestions for the OSFY team: 1. Wine takes many hours to get installed through the download. Is it not possible to include it in the OSFY DVD, ready for installation? 2. I think you have stopped carrying articles in the print issue, on the distros bundled with the DVD, for want of space. Can you not include such articles in the LFY website? I am sure an article on Wine will benefit many readers of your magazine. 3. In the September 2012 issue, articles such as Remote Access with SSH and Installing Linux on a Mac were quite interesting and useful for average readers like me. I would like to see more such articles. 4. Thank you for carrying the news item on Raspberry Pi. You could have mentioned that it is available from KitsnSpares. I came to know about this only from Google. 5. Recently, I configured DHCP, Squid, Vsftp and Samba successfully, mainly with the help of the Internet and a book by Christopher Nigus. It took many frustrating days as there is no single resource for a particular distro. For newcomers, articles on configuring CentOS, for instance, will be helpful. V S Nagasayanam, [email protected] ED: We are indeed happy to receive such insightful feedback from you. We appreciate the fact that you have spent your8 | january 2013 | OPEn SOurCE FOr yOu

valuable time in giving us an array of wonderful suggestions for OSFY. Thanks a lot. Your suggestions are most welcome and we will try our best to incorporate them in our future editions. Till then, keep reading OSFY and continue sending us your candid views.

Kudos to the author of Cyber Attacks ExplainedThe article series Cyber Attacks Explained by Prashant Phatak was simply amazing! I must admit that he has done a fantastic job of enlightening students like me who are keen on the security sector. Presently, I am doing the RHS333 course, after having done the RHCE and RHCSA, and these articles have indeed helped me a lot. His articles in the August edition (The Botnet Army) and the November issue (Device Evasions) deserve special mention as these were very informative. Hope he comes up with yet another good series of articles in the forthcoming issues. I wish him all the luck for the same. And finally, a big thanks to the OSFY team for providing a platform to authors like him. Shivam Kotwalia, [email protected] ED: We are indeed pleased to know that you have been a keen follower of the Cyber Attack series and found them informative. We will certainly convey your words of appreciation to Prashant Phatak. We are sure he will come up with more such enriching write-ups for his fans in the future too. Thanks for sharing your experience with us. Please do keep reading the magazine; we look forward to your valuable feedback.

On changing the name of your magazineI am indeed happy to know that LFY has changed its name to Open Source For You. It might not be so important for those of us who already use Linux or are involved in the FOSS ecosystem, but it definitely makes a lot of sense for people still not so aware of FOSS, who perhaps keep themselves away from journals like LFY (now OSFY) because of the Linux on the magazines masthead. I have experienced this with fellow students in my college. I hope OSFYs readership increases considerably with this move, which will help FOSS to spread further in India and elsewhere. All the best! Vaidik Kapoor, [email protected] ED: Thanks a lot for the feedback and we do feel the same as you do. Linux is undoubtedly indispensable in the open source world, but the scope of open source technology has widened

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YOU SAID ITbeyond Linux. To keep pace with the changing times, we decided to rename our magazine. Where do I get OSFY in Kerala?

Kudos to OSFY!This is to congratulate you about the new topics and technologies being discussed in every issue, which reflect your teams hard work. Keep up the good work. Saket Sinha, [email protected] ED: Its great to get such encouraging words of appreciation from you! We are really glad to know that you feel this way and have taken the time to write to us about it. Our authors too deserve the accolades, for they come up with the new and interesting topics for OSFY readers. Keep reading our magazine and do let us know more about what you feel about its content.

Manu M Das: The OSFY issue for November is still not available on the stands at Kollam, Kerala. Please let me know how I can get a copy. Linux For You: Hi ManuThere is a distributor of our magazine in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. You can get in touch with himHari Kumar of India Book House, Thiruvananthapuram at 0471-2475443. Hope this helps.

Manu M Das: I know the India Book House

at Thiruvananthapuram as I visit it regularly and so will collect my copy from there. Thanks a lot for your reply.

Android rules! Include articles on Virtualisation basis, and so far the articles covered in your magazine have been really good. I expect more content on virtualisation as it is one of the hottest and fastest growing areas of IT. Articles on this subject will definitely be of use for those who want to make a career in this fast-evolving domain. It would be wonderful if you could publish interesting articles on the same on a regular basis.

Amit Mittal: I am really happy that you are car-

Magimai Prakash: I follow OSFY on a regular

rying a lot of Android- based articles in your magazine. These have been very helpful for me and all those who want to make a career in Android apps development.

Linux For You: Thanks a lot Amit! Androidis the open source champion and in our future editions, too, you will continue to see a number of articles on Android. All the best for your future endeavours! Loved reading System Programming Using POSIX Threads

Linux For You: Its great to get feedbackfrom our readers on what kind of content they wish to see in our magazine. We do agree with you, and you will definitely see more content on virtualisation in our forthcoming issues.

Gaurav Sinha: I loved reading the article Sys-

tem Programming Using POSIX Threads published in the November 2012 issue of OSFY. I got to know about yet another role of GDB. Thanks OSFY!

Linux For You: We are happy to know thatArticles on Android Apps Development out with good articles is commendable. Please publish more content on Android apps development and its security. you liked the article. We will convey your words of appreciation to the author, Swati Mukhopadhay. We will also try our best to include more such articles.

Chaitanya Kumar: OSFY's team effort in coming

Linux For You: Thanks for the feedback.Android apps development is indeed a hot topic, and so is the security of Android devices. You can expect more articles on both these topics in future issues.

Please send your comments or suggestions to:

The EditorD-87/1, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase I, New Delhi 110020 Phone: 011-26810601/02/03, Fax: 011-26817563 Email: [email protected]

10 | january 2013 | OPEn SOurCE FOr yOu

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| 11

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Ridwan Fauzanullah:

Lourence Joseph Navarro:Like . comment

Can you tell me the steps on how to block sites server by OS debian 5/6 with the client as Windows?Like . comment

I am a beginner in Linux. What kind of Linux distro is the best?

Samantha de Lucio: I assume you are running a

Prashant Dawar: You should go for Ubuntu 12.04 Gaurav ChowMean: Linux Mint. Lourence Joseph Navarro: Thanks a lot friends!

router. Here are some generic pointers. Bad Lazy Netadmin way: -Edit hosts file to point IP's to nowhere or local site. The Good Netadmin Way: -Configure network traffic filtering in the kernel, recompile and install the new kernel/modules. -Install and configure ipfilter. Do a google search for an ipfilter how to, there are a couple of them (i.e. Gentoo ipfilter howto) that also list which options to enable in the kernel.

or Mint. Zorion OS is great if you are migrating from Windows.

Khagendra Padhy:

How to do a modem connection from Samsung mobile in Fedora OS?

Sandeep Kane:

Like . comment

Can I keep any two linux based operating system like Fedora and Linux 5.01 or Ubuntu and Linux 5.01? Please let me know if this is feasible?Like . comment

Samantha de Lucio: Do you want to install two Linux distributions on one PC, and choose which one to run during the startup? This is possible, if you install each Linux on a separate partition and use a boot manager (i.e. grub, lilo) to select which one to start. Most Linux distro's can't be installed on the same partition due to different library versions, dependencies and directory/file hierarchy. Google for 'multiboot Linux howto' to find guides on this subject. Gaurav ChowMean: This is quite simple. Justinstall them side by side. You don't have to make any modifications except that disk partition part.

Mithun Nair: Connect your mobile to the PC, then, type the following in terminal: nm-connection-editor then goto mobile broadband tab under the n/w connection window thus opened. click the add button now, give-in the details of ur service provider, APN and all.. Save the details and click the computer icon in the panel... Click on Connect using mobile broadband.. Hurray.. you are connected to net Alternatively, install wvdial in your machine... get-in the dialer defaults of ur modem and service provider by googling... add this file to wvdial.conf and get connected to net. Vipendra Verma:

Ahmed Bhd:Like . comment

Which Linux distribution is best for Web Development in both Server & Desktop?

I cannot remove Linux Red Hat and install Windows XP. My computer consists of 128 MB of RAM and freezes all the time with Linux. I try to re install Windows and boot from the disk but it says "Checking Hardware Configuration" for 2 seconds. Then the screen goes black. The disk is fine and I just need to know how to format the drive.Like . comment

Vishal Shinde: Ubuntu Prashant Dawar: Both Ubuntu and Debian are great choices. Slackware is also preferred. Mithun Nair: Redhat and Fedora.

Prashant Dawar: Method 1: With Red hat, you can change the partition table and write it. Method 2 :Debug your hard drive. Method 3: Download partition magic and format with it. Yogesh Jadhav: Method 4: Format your computer with Wndows 2000 Pro and then install Windows XP.

Image quality is poor as the photos have been directly taken from www.facebook.com12 | jANUARY 2013 | OPEN SOURCE FOR YOU

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Arush Salil:

Can you please help me know how can I connect to a WEP wireless network with Shell ? PS: My wireless card name is wlan0.Like . comment

Gourav Dwivedi:Like . comment

How to play a MP3 song in Fedora 14 and Fedora 16 and other Linux based OS?

https://www. google.co.in/search?q=how+to+connect+to+ wifi+from+terminal+linux&aq=2&oq=how+to +connect+wifi+from+terminal+&aqs=chrome .3.57j0l3.24411&sugexp=chrome,mod=4&so urceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

Chetan Ghorpade: Try this link:

Avinash Mali: Use VLC, it'll play any media! Follow this: http://www.videolan.org/vlc/download-fedora.html Azad Ansari: Installing VLC will enable you to play MP3s. 1. Open Ubuntu Software Center 2. Search for vlc 3. Install VLC. Neil Desai: You may be needing plug-ins for thesame.

Pradeep Singh:Like . comment

Can anyone tell me why we have different filesystems?

Azad Ansari: Because it gives flexiblility and is competent to coexist with many other OS. Shreyas Joshi: The file system by itself is ahierarchical collection of information i.e it represents how the different types of data are stored on your system. When you view it on a GUI, you will see this division of data showing up as folders. Moreover, the file system acts as an index containing the physical location of all the data on the drive and provides access to this data via addressing through memory blocks. The various File Systems exist to cater to changing storage parameters such as storage performance, stability, reliability and easy addressing of data in a particular hierarchical model.

Sai Prasad:

What is the difference between UNIX AND LINUX? Help me, just confused!Like . comment

Aboobacker Mk: Unix was the one of the popular OS and Linux is based on Unix. Sachidananda Sahu: UNIX is main Operatingkernel which contains the main part like file management, memory management, process management. When they add some extra features to UNIX it becomes Linux. when they add some extra features to UNIX, then it converts into Ubuntu. In simple terms, UNIX+some extra features =LINUX. UNIX+some other features =Ubuntu Unix+some extra features =Fedora.

Ibrahim Musa:Like . comment

Azad Ansari: UNIX requires the Licensee to pay while Linux is freely redistributable.

Is Solaris 11 useful as a desktop OS for web browsing, chatting, playing audio, reading e books, etc?

fully loaded monster to do a child's work. Better stick to the Desktop Flavours of Linux. My preference goes to the debian based Mint & Ubuntu. UNIX, the others are just UNIX 'like'. I use Lubuntu Linux by the way.

Pranavam Siddharthan: You would not need a

Karthigeyan Kith:Like . comment

What is system requirement of linux ?

Aditya Magadi: Linux distributions literally run

Ibrahim Musa: But I want to experience a 'real'

on any system configuration. You just need to download the one that meets your architecture (x86 for intel processors).

Image quality is poor as the photos have been directly taken from www.facebook.com

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| jANUARY 2013 | 13

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October 2012 ` 17,400ESP:

NEW

` 4,894Specification:3.5 inch capacitive touch screen, 320 x 480 pixels screen resolution, 1 GHz processor, 1420 mAh battery, 3 MP camera, micro SD card slot supporting up to 32GB of expandable memory 3G, Wifi

NEW

` 3790ESP:

` 3790Specification:3.2-inch capacitive touchscreen, 320 x 240 pixels screen resolution, 1 GHz processor, 1,200 mAH battery, 2 MP rear camera, 512 MB RAM, expandable up to 32 GB, WiFi Retailer/Website: www.flipkart.com

` 14,000Specification:0.9-cm (4.3-inch) qHD touchscreen, 960 x 540 pixels screen resolution, 1.2 GHz processor, 2000 mAh battery,5MP rear camera, memory expandable up to 32 GB, 3G, WiFi Retailer/Website: http://www.homeshop18.com

10.2-cm (4-inch) LCD capacitive touchscreen, 800 x 480 pixels screen resolution, 1 GHz processor, 1,420 mAh battery, 3 MP rear camera, micro SD card slot supporting up to 32GB of expandable memory, 3G, WiFi

Reliance Smart V6700OS:

Sony Xperia JOS:

Zync Z5OS:

LG Optimus VuOS:




October 2012 ` 6,777 ` 6,777Specification:8.9-cm (3.5-inch) HVGA capacitive touch screen, 320 x 480 pixels screen resolution, 800 MHz processor, 1400 mAh battery, 3 MP rear camera, WiFi All Reliance Outlets

October 2012 ` 16,299 ` 15,840Specification:4-inch TFT touch screen, 854 x 480 pixels, 1 GHz processor, 5 MP rear camera, 4 GB internal memory, expandable up to 32 GB, 3G, WiFi Retailer/Website: www.buytheprice.com

October 2012 ` 9,490 ` 9,490Specification:5 inch TFT touchscreen, 480 x 800 pixels screen resolution, 1 GHz processor, 2500 mAH battery, 8 MP rear camera, 4 GB internal memory, expandable up to 32 GB, 3G, WiFi Retailer/Website: www.snapdeal.com


October 2012 ` 34,500 ` 29,999Specification:5-inch capacitive touchscreen, 1024 x 768 pixels screen resolution, 1 GHz processor, 2080 mAh battery, 8 MP rear camera, 3G, Wifi Retailer/Website: www.flipkart.com


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WorldMags.netSMARTPHONESMicromax A110 Superfone Canvas 2OS:

Micromax A90S Superfone PIXELOS:

HTC Desire XOS:

Karbonn A11OS:



October 2012 ` 14,999 ` 9,999Specification:5-inch TFT capacitive touch screen, 480 x 854 pixels screen resolution, 1 GHz processor, 2000 mAh battery, 8 MP rear camera, 4 GB internal memory, expandable up to 32 GB, 3G, WiFi Retailer/Website: www.saholic.com

October 2012 ` 12,990 ` 9,999Specification:4.3-inch AMOLED touch screen, 800 x 480 pixels screen resolution, 1 GHz processor, 1600 mAh battery,8 MP rear camera, 512MB of built-in storage, expandable up to 32 GB, 3G, WiFi Retailer/Website: www.naaptol.com



October 2012 ` 19,799 ` 19,799Specification:10.16-cm (4-inch) Super LCD WVGA display, 1GHz Qualcomm MSM8225 Snapdragon processor, 1650 mAh battery, 5 MP rear camera, 4 GB internal memory, expandable up to 32 GB, 3G, WiFi Retailer/Website: www.ebay.com

October 2012 ` 9,990 ` 8,499Specification:10.2-cm (4-inch) capacitive touch screen, 480 x 800 pixels screen resolution, 1500 mAh battery, 5 MP rear camera, 4 GB internal memory, expandable up to 32 GB, 3G, Wifi Retailer/Website: www.saholic.com

iBall Andi 4.3jOS:

Spice Stellar Horizon Mi 500OS:

Karbonn A21OS:

Karbonn A9+OS:




October 2012 ` 9,499 ` 9,499Specification:4.3-inch capacitive touch display, 1 GHz processor,1,630mAh and 900-mAh dual battery, 5 MP camera, 2 GB internal memory, 3G, Wifi Retailer/Website: Reliance Digital outlets

October 2012 ` 15,999 ` 12,499Specification:12.7-cm (5-inch) multi capacitive touchscreen, 800 x 480 pixels screen resolution.1 Ghz dual-core processor, 2400 mAh battery, 4 GB internal memory, expandable up to 32 GB, 3G, WiFi Retailer/Website: www.saholic.com




` 10,490Specification:11.4 cm (4.5 inch) capacitive touchscreen, 1.2 GHz processor, 1800 mAh battery, 5 MP camera, 4 GB of internal memory expandable to 32 GB, 3G, WiFi Retailer/Website: www.snapdeal.com

` 9,290Specification:10.1-cm (4-inch) IPS WVGa display touchscreen, 1.2 GHz processor, 1420 mAh battery, 5 MP camera, 3G, WiFi Retailer/Website: www. flipkart.com

Karbonn A7+OS:

Karbonn A1+OS:

Idea AurusOS:




Samsung Galaxy Chat GT-B5330OS:

October 2012 ` 6,990 ` 6,990Specification:3.5-inch Capacitive Touchscreen, 320 x 480 Pixels screen resolution, 1 GHz processor, 1420 mAh battery, 5 MP camera, 157 MB internal memory, expandable to 32 GB,3G, WiFi Retailer/Website: www.flipkart.com

October 2012 ` 4,290 ` 4,290Specification:8.89-cm (3.5-inch) capacitive screen, 1 GHz processor, 1500 mAh battery, 3 MP rear camera, 3G, WiFi Retailer/Website: www. saholic.com

September 2012 ` 7,190 ` 7,190Specification:8.9-cm (3.5-inch) capacitive display, 800MHz processor, 5 MP rear camera, a front camera, 1300 mAh battery, 256 MB RAM, expandable up to 32 GB, 3G Retailer/Website: www.flipkart.com


September 2012 ` 10,000 ` 8,500Specification:7.6-cm (3-inch) TFT LCD display, 320 x 240 pixels screen resolution, 850 MHz processor, 2 MP rear camera, internal memory 4 GB, expandable up to 32 GB, 3G, Wifi, Retailer/Website: www.saholic.com

Sony Xperia TipoOS:

Sony Xperia Tipo DualOS:

Samsung Galaxy Note 2OS:

Sony Xperia MiroOS:



September 2012 ` 9,999 ` 9,399Specification:8.1-cm (3.2-inch) TFT capacitive touchscreen,320 x 480 pixels screen resolution, 800 MHz processor, 3.2 MP camera, 2.5 GB internal storage, expandable up to 32 GB, 3G, WiFi Retailer/Website: www.naaptol.com

September 2012 ` 10,499 ` 10,299Specification:8.1-cm (3.2-inch) TFT capacitive touchscreen,320 x 480 pixels screen resolution, 800 MHz processor, 3.2 MP camera, 2.5 GB internal storage, expandable up to 32 GB, 3G, WiFi Retailer/Website: www.flipkart.com



September 2012 ` 39,990 ` 38,990Specification:5.5-inch HD Super AMOLED screen,1280 x 720 pixels screen resolution, 1.6 GHz processor, 3,100 mAh battery, 8 MP camera, 3G, WiFi Retailer/Website: www.snapdeal.com

September 2012 ` 14,499 ` 14,499Specification:3.5-inch TFT capacitive touchscreen,320 x 480 pixels screen resolution, 800 MHz processor, 1500 mAh battery, 4 GB internal memory, expandable up to 32 GB, 3G, WiFi Retailer/Website: www.flipkart.com


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WorldMags.netWebOS may now function as an Android appIf you thought WebOS has become obsolete, here is some news for you. Phoenix International Communications is putting in efforts to make the 'dead' operating system functional as a standalone Android app. This will allow Android enthusiasts to use WebOS as an app on their Android smartphones without having to modify the device. It means that users will be able to run both WebOS and the Android OSs simultaneously on their smartphones without booting into one OS or the other. A glimpse of the project was first seen a couple of weeks back when WebOS was seen operating as an Android app. However, at that time, the app was not able to get past the lock screen step without crashing. The people working on the project have released a new video, which shows the progress of the app.

Mozilla gets Facebook messenger for Firefox

If you are a user of the Firefox browser, you can now chat away with your Facebook friends even when you are actually not on the site, thanks to the Mozilla developers who have officially announced the Facebook Messenger for the Firefox Web browser. The messenger is built on a new social API. According to the Mozilla blog, Once you enable the feature, youll get a social sidebar with your Facebook chat and updates, like new comments and photo tags. Youll also get notifications for messages, friend requests and more that you can respond to right from your Firefox toolbar." The posting elaborated on the new service by stating, Facebook Messenger for Firefox lets you chat with friends and stay connected with their updates wherever you go on the Web, without needing to switch between or open a new tab. You can chat with your friends and family while doing anything from shopping online for the perfect gift, cheering your team on in the big game, watching a video or just surfing the Web. Of course, if youre not feeling social, you can easily hide the sidebar or even disable the feature." To experience this new feature, just upgrade to the latest Firefox Web browser and then visit the Facebook Messenger for the Firefox page and click 'Turn On. Recently, Mozilla had added an MSN-customised version in its Firefox Web browser. Users can now have Microsoft's Bing search engine and MSN as their home page.

Gmail users can now send files up to 10 GB!

Sending a large attachment via email has always been a pipedream of sorts. But Google's new plan to do away with the 25 MB data cap and enhance the limit up to 10 GB via Google Drive integration has made this feasible. However, there is a big BUT. You obviously cannot send a file of 10 GB on an e-mail. After the large file gets uploaded, Google will send a link to the recipients of the e-mail, which would allow them to download the file from the senders Google Drive account. The Google Drive integration would be available soon. Also, Google has updated its Gmail e-mail service, which comes with new search capabilities by filtering e-mails by size and date. The new update has a more flexible date22 | january 2013 | OPEn SOurCE FOr yOu

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option, exact match, and other parameters. Google sources explain that, for example, to find e-mails larger than 5 MB, you can search for size:5m or larger:5m; or to find e-mails sent over a year ago, you can search for older_than:1y. Google has also introduced advanced search operators, which are query words or symbols that perform special actions in Gmail search. Users can get results from Google Drive, Google Calendar and other services along with e-mails when they type search queries in the Gmail search box.

RHCE / RHCVA / RHCSS Exam Centre

India armed with its first 1 GBps Internet connection

From downloading a two-hour high definition movie in a mere 30 seconds to watching your favourite video on YouTube at a breathtaking pace, you can do it all now! Thanks to Google, which recently launched its 1 GBps (1000 MBps) Internet connection at Startup Village in Kerala, which is the world's largest tech incubator. Startup Village is only the second place after Kansas City, US, to be blessed with this super-fast connectivity. The facility was formally introduced on November 17, 2012, by the states chief minister, Oommen Chandy, giving a shot in the arm to Startup Village in its mission to churn out world-class start-ups from Indian campuses. "Startup Village aims to build the elements of a world class tech ecosystem to realise the dream of a Silicon Coast in India. The vision, at this grand scale, is driven by one of India's most successful IT entrepreneurs, Kris Gopalakrishnan, co-founder of Infosys, and is powered by the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India. The Startup Village at Kochi is the first location for this national pilot programme, which would be replicated at other parts of India in the coming months," said Sanjay Vijayakumar, chairman, Startup Village, in a statement.

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Do Not Wait! Be a Part of the Winning Team

Splashtop Streamer brings good news for Ubuntu users!Wish to log on to your Ubuntu desktop from your Android or Apple device? Splashtop Streamer Software for Linux tells you how to do that. Ubuntu users can now access their desktops from anywhere via a smartphone or a tablet with the beta version of

Regd. Off: Wing 1 & 2, IV Floor, Jhaver Plaza, 1A, N.H. Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai - 34. Ph : 98409 82185 / 84 Telefax : 28263527 Email : [email protected] www.vectratech.in


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WorldMags.netEnjoy Minecraft on Raspberry PiSplashtop Streamer, which supports the Linux-based operating system. Ubuntu users can install the Ubuntu package on their desktops and use Splashtop's mobile apps to connect to their computers, remotely. The apps are available for Android and iOS smartphones. A nominal subscription fee of $1 or a yearly fee of $10 has to be paid. The price may vary for tablet variants of the mobile app. According to Splashtop, this is a good alternative for standard virtual network computing and other remote desktop technologies. Cliff Miller, chief marketing officer, Splashtop said, Technologically savvy users will like the feature more than the general public will. In fact, this was the factor behind why Splashtop was motivated for an Ubuntu release. We have been working on the Linux version for some time. We just needed to productise it to bring this Ubuntu release. The new streamer should be compatible with other Linux distributions as well, said Miller. However, the company is not supporting them officially and users of other Linux distros may also need to tweak the software a bit. The company can come up with versions for other Linux-based distributions apart from Ubuntu, depending upon the market demand. According to a statement from Splashtop's CEO Mark Lee, the company is giving the user a few ways to tweak the configuration files to stream at different frame rates that it thinks Linux folks will appreciate.

If you own a Raspberry Pi and have a fetish for virtual games, youll be happy to hear that one of the biggest game developers, Mojang, has introduced its Minecraft game for the ARM-powered Linux-based Raspberry Pi mini

computer. The Raspberry Pi Foundation had given it the green light and had sent the device samples to developers at Mojang to tweak it. Developers came up with a Raspberry Pi version of the game named Minecraft: Pi Edition. The game has support for many programming languages and users can access the codes of the game too. The game is available for free. "Users can create a LAN set-up and start gaming while learning the basics of programming on the Raspberry Pi. Users can modify the game world with code," said Owen Hill, chief world officer of Mojang. A few weeks back, there was news about a game named BerryBot, which would help users learn the basics of programming while playing. Patrick Cupka, the proprietor of The Void, has developed BerryBots 1.0.0 for the Raspberry Pi, Linux and Mac OS X platforms. The BerryBot game requires a player to code a ship to sail across and complete a simple stage. The ship has to be programmed to shoot at other ships and to do other simple jobs. The BerryBots game is written in Lua. It seems like the idea of learning while gaming is slowly picking up on the Raspberry Pi.

New improved Aakash-2 Android ICS tablet launched

The president of India, Pranab Mukherjee, recently launched the muchawaited Aakash 2 tablet in New Delhi. Packed with new features, the new version is based on a dual-core Cortex A9 processor clocked at 1 GHz along with 512 MB of RAM. Compared to the first Aakash tablet, which was based on a 366 MHz processor and an older ARM architecture, this new tablet is definitely more advanced. The new Aakash tablet runs Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich and we expect it to be smooth, as the hardware backing it seems good enough for Android 4.0. The cost of the device is Rs 2,263. The Indian government will purchase it at this price and then distribute it to 220 million students across India in the coming five to six years at a subsidised price of Rs 1,130. The government subsidises it by 50 per cent and it will be distributed to students at Rs 1,130. The government is also trying to motivate the state governments to further subsidise it, so that the Aakash 2 can be distributed to students for free, said Suneet Tuli, CEO, Datawind. Aakash 2 can run Linux distributions along with the Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich operating system. The device can also do Aadhar authentication and can remotely control a robot, according to HRD Ministry officials. The tablet will be primarily used for classroom teaching, and over 15,000 teachers at 250 colleges across the country have been provided training.


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WorldMags.netYou can now boot any Linux distro securely

Linux users now have reason to cheer. Linux developer Matthew Garrett has reportedly resolved the Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) Secure Boot issue for Linux users. He has released a version of his Shim Secure Boot bootloader, with which users can launch any Linux distribution Secure Boot systems without the need to disable UEFI Secure Boot. The highlight is that Garrett's Shim Secure Boot binary has been duly signed by Microsoft, thereby making it executable by any type of UEFI firmware. Wondering how it works? Well, to start with, the Shim Secure Boot will ask you for a key at the time of the launch; once the key is provided, it will start any bootloader that has been signed with this key. Garrett explains on his blog that Linux distributors simply need to sign their UEFI bootloader (grubx64.efi) with a separate key, include this key on their installation medium and tell their users where to find the key when the Shim asks for it. Anything else is up to the individual distributor; for example, it is possible to use signed kernel images and modules to implement a chain of trust for the entire boot process. The signed version of the Shim saves Linux distributors the effort of having to get their own bootloaders signed by Microsoft, according to reports. Garrett had indicated the possible Secure Boot issues with Linux earlier, and worked towards developing an easy way of installing Linux on Secure Boot systems. The Linux Foundation is still struggling with Microsoft's Secure Boot signing service. Interested users can download Shim 0.2 as source code and as a signed binary.

TRAINING PARTNER

Rootkit malware haunts Linux users

Security concerns continue to plague the open source world! A malware has been detected that is mainly targeted at the latest 64-bit Debian Squeezy kernel (2.6.325). Kaspersky Lab has named the malware as Rootkit.Linux.Snakso.a. Kaspersky Lab expert, Marta Janus has described it as an outstanding sample. According to Janus official posting, The rootkit targets 64-bit Linux platforms and users advanced techniques to hide itself. The malware is still in the developing phase. The binary is more than 500k, but its size is due to the fact that it hasn't been stripped. Because some of the functions dont seem to be working optimally or they are not fully implemented yet, said Janus in the posting. The threat is still active. We weren't able to connect to the C on the port used by malware, but the malicious server is still active, added Janus. The threat appears to be complicated and sophisticated. The experts are expecting a kernel-mode binary component with advanced hooking capabilities. The malware is a real low profile one, and it makes the attack look more transparent and low-level than before. Janus concluded by saying, The rootkit shows a new approach to the drive-by download schema, and we can certainly expect more such malware in the future.


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WorldMags.netFacebook pushes employees to use Android smartphones Skype 3.0 arrives on Android tablets!

The craze for Android smartphones is not just confined to the geeks. The most 'liked' social networking website, Facebook, has also joined the bandwagon. If reports are to be believed, Facebook is asking its employees to say 'no' to Apple and switch on to Android smartphones.

This piece of news is sure to give all Android users a high. Skype introduced its Android app for the modern UI when Google released Android 4.0 (ICS). The app, however, was not optimised for bigger screens until now. Skype 3.0 for Android supports the tablet user interface and is for those who want to do voice chat and video conferencing from their Android tablets. Skype for Android phones worked perfectly, but there is nothing like having the option of running the software on tablets as well. The UI of Skype for tablets is a cross between Androids Holo UI and Skypes own style. Both come together to offer a great experience in terms of look and feel. The new Skype also enables users to sign in with a Microsoft account. It even has an improved audio and a couple of bug fixes. Skype has not revealed too many details about the bug fixes though. The new Skype shows how far it has progressed from its first Android app version. The development is a welcome change for Android fans. You can download Skype for your Android tablet from Google Play Store.

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.4 Beta goes well with MicrosoftRecently, Facebook designed a poster that indicated the growth of Android smartphones over iPhones and is asking people to switch to Androidpowered handsets. The strange part is that Facebook used to give out iPhones to its employees earlier but now states that, the aim of the Android effort is apparently to improve functionality for the app, which has been criticised as slow, thin on useful features, and a drain on resources. The aim of this so-called dog-fooding, in which employees are encouraged to use their own products, would be to improve the Facebook experience on the smartphone platform with the largest market share.

Red Hat has come up with a beta release of version 6.4 of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL). This version has improved security along with several new Microsoft-enabling features. Previously, version 6.3 was released with enhanced virtualisation scalability. Version 6.4 includes support for Microsoft Hyper-V Linux drivers along with interoperability improvements with Microsoft Exchange, which Red Hat includes within the Evolution e-mail system in RHEL. "We had previously planned to integrate Microsoft Hyper-V drivers, said Ron Pacheco, senior manager, Product Marketing, Red Hat, in a report. "As is our practice with all aspects of Red Hat Enterprise Linux, we wait for the code (including drivers) to be accepted into the upstream community before they can be introduced into Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.9, and now in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.4." The next major release from Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) Version 7 will reportedly be out in the second half of 2013. The company aims to release a major new version of its OS every three years along with updates about every six months, said Jim Totten, vice


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WorldMags.netpresident and general manager at Red Hat's Platform business unit. Over a webcast, he said that, While we are not at a place where we are making announcements ... our general target is the second half of 2013 to see RHEL 7 enter the marketplace. While Red Hat is not revealing much about the date of the release, Totten said the OS will have improvements across its more than 2,000 packages, and that key focus areas are supporting new hardware, file systems, security and performance.

Android tablets closing in on Apple's iPad

If a recent survey by IDC is to be believed, Android-powered devices are gaining ground at a fast pace on the market-leading iPads. IDC has raised its 2013 forecast number to 172.4 million, up from 165.9 million and said that by 2016, worldwide shipments should reach 282.7 million. "Tablets continue to captivate consumers, and as the market shifts toward smaller, more mobile screen sizes and lower price points, we expect demand to accelerate in the fourth quarter and beyond," said Tom Mainelli, research director, Tablets, IDC. IDCs report stated that, "Android tablets are gaining traction in the market thanks to solid products from Google, Amazon, Samsung, and others. And Apple's November iPad mini launch, along with its surprise refresh of the full-sized iPad, positions the company well for a strong holiday season." IDC now expects Android's worldwide tablet share to increase to 42.7 per cent for 2012 from 39.8 per cent in 2011. Apple's share is expected to slip to 53.8 per cent from 56.3 per cent in 2011. "The breadth and depth of Android has taken full effect on the tablet market as it has for the smartphone space," said Ryan Reith, an IDC analyst. "Android tablet shipments will certainly act as the catalyst for growth in the low-cost segment in emerging markets, given the platform's low barrier to entry on manufacturing. At the same time, top-tier companies like Samsung, Lenovo and Asus are all launching Android tablets that are similar to premium products, but are offered at much lower price points," IDC sources said.

Now, an open source alternative to Skype

Ubuntu users may know open source powered Ekiga as a default Voice-overInternet Protocol (VoIP) client in that popular Linux distribution. But now it has made a comeback as an alternative to none other than Skype. Arriving some three years after the previous release, Ekiga 4.0also known as The Victory Releaseis now available as a fresh new Skype alternative for users of Linux and Windows alike. This is a major release with many major improvements, wrote the software's developers in the recent announcement on the projects site.

As a strategy to promote its Windows Phone platform, Microsoft has asked users to narrate their Android horror stories. If you have one that can impress Microsoft, the company will reward you with a Windows Phone for free! It is not the first time Microsoft has resorted to such a strategy. Almost the same time last year, Microsoft launched a similar campaignto make annoyed Android users switch over to Windows Phone. The company declared that it got around 3200 submissions from disgruntled Android users who had phones that were 'infected with malware'. Microsoft is playing on the same strategy again and this time it is using its Windows Phone Twitter account. The company has asked annoyed Android users to use the hashtag #DroidRage with their Android malware 'horror story'. That's not all! Microsoft has also shared some tips with Android users suffering from malware infected devices. It has suggested the following: Wait for your Android phone to get infected with malware Recover from SMS scam bill shock Skip Steps 1 and 2; buy a Windows Phone and connect with people you care about instead of some hacker plotting in a dank basement Will this strategy work again, particularly when Android has grown and Google is being extracautious about the malware factor? Lets wait and watch!

Microsoft invites Android horror stories from users!


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Developers

Embedded Android Gets Popular!This article explains why Android is the preferred platform for modern embedded solutions. It also covers the extra market edge that you get with Android.

Overview WorldMags.net

T

he Android mobile platform is being adopted by a broad range of embedded devices that span multiple industries and segments. Android-enabled custom solutions, such as the Kindle Fire by Amazon, have proven to be game-changing in the industry. According to Amazon, the Kindle Fire captured 22 per cent of the US tablet market, and increased the companys e-books sales by 175 per cent in 2011.

upon connectivity. And last of all, for reasons such as power efficiency, size and performance, chipsets for embedded systems are designed to be highly integrated. This drastic change in the characteristics of modern embedded systems has given rise to advanced functionality and user experience needs, and Android helps address these needs.

Androids characteristics

The rise of modern embedded systems

As we know, embedded systems control many devices that are in common use today. They range from portable devices Dalvik Virtual Machine such as digital watches and MP3 players, to large stationary Androids Dalvik Virtual Machine is specifically designed to installations like ATM and vending machines. However, support a diverse set of devices, where the applications must embedded systems have changed dramatically in recent be sand-boxed for security, performance and reliability. Also, years. Today, they are largely media-rich, connected and it works very well with limited processor speeds and RAM. highly integrated. Many include graphical user interfaces with high-resolution 2D and 3D graphics. Additionally, Hardware platforms support nearly all embedded systems include IP networking stacks, Android supports a variety of hardware platforms. and link connectivity via a combination of wired and Apart from ARM-based Android development phones, 1, Vikas Permises, 11 Bank Street, Fort, Mumbai, India - 400 001. Mobile wireless network interfaces. The core feature sets often rely it also supports hardware platforms for prototyping and30 | January 2013 | OPEn SOurCE FOr yOu

Here are some of the key characteristics of the Android platform that make it suitable for modern embedded systems.

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benchmarking Android systems, such as tablets and automotive SoC.

WorldMags.netOverviewand hardware, as desired.

Developers

Native Development Kit

The Android advantage

Android supports a Native Development Kit to embed components that make use of native C/C++ code in Android applications. The NDK helps address the needs of performance and graphics-sensitive applications.

So lets understand how Android can help give an extra edge to your embedded system in the market.

A well accepted and recognised UX

Optimised graphics and media support

Android provides support for a wide range of media formats through StageFright, its custom media framework. It also provides its own 2D graphics library, but relies on OpenGL ES for its 3D capabilities. This feature makes it feasible to create small-sized embedded systems with high-end audio and video capabilities.

Android user experience (UX) designs such as the Frogs Feel UX, HTC Sense and many others have raised UX standards to quite a high level. This means that your system can enjoy the high-end UX capabilities that Android supports. With this edge, the learning curve for end users of your embedded system remains no longer a big concern.

Forward-compatible apps

Telephony support

Android supports telephony, which is dependent on hardware. For this feature to work, device manufacturers need to create a HAL module to interface with their hardware, which is integrated as part of the Android build system.

All APIs provided in the application framework are meant to be forward-compatible. Hence, apps developed for one version would continue working in future Android versions. However, platform-level changes would require to be ported when planning to upgrade the Android version of your custom solution.

Wide choice of hardware configuration

Wireless connectivity

Android supports most wireless connectivity options, like Bluetooth, EDGE, 3G and Wi-Fi. This enables the embedded device to have a wide range of connectivity options to any third-party systems.

Android has wide support from the OEM and SoC community. Though primarily supporting ARM-based SoCs, Android now also supports x86-based SoCs. This provides for a wide range of hardware configurations to choose from, depending on what fits your budget and system requirements.

Licensing

Hassle-free supply chain commoditisation

Android licensing terms are pretty friendly for both commercial and free open source applications. This is because all its core packages are open sourced under the terms of the Apache 2.0 licence.

No doubtAndroid, with its solid foundation on linux, sound ecosystem and developer community, together with the cutting edge advantages, has truly proven itself as the platform of choice for any modern embedded system. By: Pooja MaheshwariThe author is a technical architect at Impetus Technologies. She has about 12 years of IT experience, with wide exposure in the design and development of enterprise mobility solutions, mobile device management solutions and Android-based custom device solutions for enterprises. She is currently involved in R&D and applicability of Embedded Android for enterprises in various segments, to enhance their employee productivity and customer SLA levels.

Customisability

Android has well-defined interfacing between the framework and its components. This helps to enhance or replace components as per the desired functionality. For example, the default launcher application can be enhanced or replaced with a different launcher application code base. The platform can be enhanced to support additional features

: 09326087210. [email protected] 1, Vikas Permises, 11 Bank Street, Fort, Mumbai, India - 400 001. Mobile: 09326087210. [email protected]

WorldMags.net OPEn SOurCE FOr yOu | January 2013

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Developers

This article gives an introduction to Emscripten, an LLVM to the JS compiler.

Use Emscripten to Compile Code Into JavaScript

Let's Try WorldMags.net

I

magine that you have a very large project written in C/C++, and you now want it in JavaScript, so as to port it to the Web. You might ask, Why in JavaScript? Well, you can run applications written in high-level languages, but you need to install many plugins for that and it doesnt always work as expected. JavaScript is currently supported in almost all Web browsers. With the coming of Node.js and mongoDB, and an array of other JavaScript-based front-ends and back-ends, it makes sense to port your favourite app. Rewriting the code in Java Script is too tedious, so Emscripten is the tool that you are looking for. Emscripten is an open source LLVM (low-level virtual machine) to the JavaScript compiler, using which you can compile C and C++ code into JavaScript! This avoids the need to rewrite code.

$ mkdir /path/to/clang-build $ cd /path/to/clang-build $ svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/llvm/trunk llvm $ cd llvm/tools $ svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/cfe/trunk clang $ cd ../.. $ mkdir build $ cd build $ ../llvm/configure enable-optimized disable-assertions $ make && sudo make install

Node.js (0.5.5 or above): To run the back-end JavaScript, it needs to be interpreted and executed, which is what Node.js does. We can clone Node.js from the git client:$ git clone https://github.com/joyent/node.git

Getting started

Some of the requirements are the Emscripten code, LLVM with Clang, Node.js and Python 2.6. You need to clone the Emscripten source code, available at github/kripken. You can use your favourite git client or the CLI, with git clone git:// github.com/kripken/emscripten.git LLVM with Clang (3.1 is the officially supported version): The LLVM Project is a collection of compiler and tool-chain technologies, and Clang is a new C/C++ compiler being developed on top of LLVM. So why dont we use GCC? Well, Clang can be a good replacement for GCC. Clang seems to have good compilation speednearly twice the speed of GCC. Also, Clang provides better comments if your code fails at some pointso it doesnt take much time to navigate through the code and fix it. Here are the steps to build and install Clang:32 | January 2013 | OPEn SOurCE FOr yOu

After cloning, you need to build it, as follows:$ cd node $ ./configure $ make $ sudo make install

Now that you are ready with the prerequisites, set up Emscripten. Check if Clang and Node work perfectlygo to the Emscripten directory, and run the following command:$ clang tests/hello_world.cpp $ ./a.out

WorldMags.net

WorldMags.netLet's TryClang +LLVM

Developers

This should output Hello World! if all is working well. Next try the command given below:$ node tests/hello_world.js

High level Code (C/C++)

Machine Readable bit code/human readable assembly code

Actual Machine Code

Front End

Back End

This should also show the same output: Hello World! if all is well. Now open the file ~/.emscripten (the settings file) to make a few changes. First, make the Emscripten root your current Emscripten directory:JAVA=java EMSCRIPTEN_ROOT = os.path.expanduser(/home/user/porting/ emscripten) # this helps projects using Emscripten find it

Code in Java Script

Emscripten

Figure 1: A flowchart explaining the role of Emscripten

LLVM root: Just find in which directory clang++ is located, and make that directory your LLVM root:LLVM_ROOT = os.path.expanduser(/home/user/porting/clang-build/ build/Release/bin)

files for every source file in the build process, which are then converted to JavaScript (see Figure 1). So basically, the entire code is built using emcc, and once built, it is converted to JS. If you pass a .c/.cpp file to emcc, it outputs a .bc file that contains the bitcode; and if you pass .bc files to it, it outputs a .js file.

Applications ported with Emscripten

Also make NODE_JS=node in the same file. Now, try running Emscripten:$ ./emcc tests/hello_world.cpp $ node a.out.js

This should print Hello World!. Using Emscripten, you have now transformed hello_world.cpp into an a.out.js file.

How Emscripten works#include

Lets take a look at the sample code in hello_world.cpp:

class Test {}; // This will fail in C mode int main() { printf(hello, world!\n); return 1; }

Here is a list of a few applications ported to the Web using Emscripten. 1. Banana Bread Engine: Cube 2 is a 3D game engine. It is now compiled into JavaScript and WebGL, and is known as Banana Bread Engine. You can run it in your Web browser itself without any plug-ins. 2. Sql.js: Porting of SQLite to JavaScript resulted in sql.js. This is obtained by compiling the SQLite C code with Emscripten. 3. Speak.js: It uses eSpeak, which is an open source speech synthesiser. eSpeak was compiled from C++ to JavaScript as speak.js. This converts text to speech. There are many more applications compiled from C/C++ to JS using Emscripten. The list can be found at https://github. com/kripken/emscripten/wiki. Most Web applications use JavaScript. The task of porting becomes much easier with Emscripten. So try it out if you need it! References[1] https://github.com/kripken/emscripten/wiki/Tutorial [2] http://bit.ly/nIFsJ4 [3] http://samcaldwell.net/index.php/technical-articles/3-howto-articles/120-how-do-i-install-nodejs-on-ubuntu-1004 [4] https://github.com/kripken/BananaBread/ [5] https://github.com/kripken/sql.js [6] http://syntensity.com/static/espeak.html [7] https://github.com/kripken/emscripten/wiki

The output JavaScript code is a bit lengthy. You can find the whole code in /tests/hello_world.js in the Emscripten directory, but here is a small part of it:if (typeof print === undefined) { this[print] = printErr; } // *** Environment setup code *** print(hello, world!);

By: Sowmya RavidasThe author is currently pursuing her Bachelor of Technology degree in Computer Science at Amrita University, India. She has been actively contributing to open source technologies for the last one year. Currently she is working on security related issues in embedded systems. Your can reach her at [email protected].

The way Emscripten works is that it creates LLVM bitcode

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For U & Me

Start Your Own E-Preneur Venture Using Open Source Tools

Insight WorldMags.net

For people interested in e-commerce, this article explains the basic concepts for starting an e-preneur venture (also known as an e-commerce website). It also lists various open source tools that help build such a business from scratch.

A

n e-preneur is someone who uses an opportunity in the digital world to start a venture, which contributes solely to the digital economy. So hows an e-preneur different from an entrepreneur? Entrepreneurs contribute to the economyphysical, digital, or boththrough their ventures, but an e-preneur contributes only to the digital economy. Lets look at the case of Mark Zuckerberg. He saw that students at Harvard needed a common platform from where they could communicate with each other, or get updates of their friends without actually having to interact with them. He grabbed the opportunity and developed Facebook. But do you know what went into the making of Facebook? It was developed using PHP as the scripting language, MySQL as the back-end database, Linux as the OS platform and a few hundred dollars. So did you notice that all these are open source platforms (apart from the money, of course)? This article will show you the possibility of starting an e-preneur venture using open source toolsbut before taking the plunge, lets warm up a bit and look at the key ingredients that go into making an epreneur.34 | january 2013 | OPEn SOurCE FOr yOu

What does it take to be an e-preneur?

The essential requirement for an e-preneur is an idea, and the essentials of a successful idea are its uniqueness, originality,andtheextenttowhichitsatisfiesthecurrent as well as future needs of people. To be a successful e-preneur, it is good to have an active interest in current and upcoming technologies, because it would enable you to understand the nitty-gritty of the e-commerce platform. If you have an idea, and are technically competent enough to either develop an e-commerce portal, or to modify one according to your needs, theres very little left to be funded. A strong and vast network of people. Such a network not only serves as a medium of advertising, but also provides you with valuable feedback on how to improve the offerings, serviceability, user experience, etc. Skills like innovative thinking, having a long-term vision, etc, come in very handy to brighten the long-term prospects of any e-preneur venture.

WorldMags.net

Open-sourcing an e-preneur venture

Insight For WorldMags.netU & MeDo I have knowledge of underlying technologies? Can I develop the online platform? Yes Do I have a large network of people? Will they support and publicize my idea? Yes

An e-preneur venture goes through various stages of planning and development. This includes the idea stage, developing the concept and then the platform, marketing, planning for expansion and growth, innovation and even possibly a redesign stage. All of these stages can be implemented or enhanced using open source tools. The idea stage: Think of starting a venture, and millions of ideas bloom. However, only some of these ideas are actually feasibleorpractical.Evenamongthefeasibleones,finding that one unique and original idea is like looking for a needle in a haystack. Idea-management tools can prove to be a blessing at this stage. Write down all your ideas (even the stupid ones). Sharing these with your partners and grouping them are some of the features that these tools provide. Ideatorrent (http://drupal. org/project/ideatorrent) and BBYIDX (http://bbyidx.com/) are two great open source idea management tools. The concept stage: Once an idea has evolved from the idea stage, it enters the concept stage. At this stage, it isfurtherrefinedandimprovisedusingvarioustoolssuch as brainstorming, focus groups, etc, and is converted into a concept. Using brain mapping and collaboration tools can help speed up this stage. The best open source tool for brain mapping is FreeMind (http://freemind.sourceforge.net/wiki/ index.php/Main_Page). Add to this the power of collaboration with Collabtive (http://collabtive.o-dyn.de/) and create a

Idea

Technical Competencies

Funds

Network of people

Skills and Qualities

Successful E-Preneur

Is the idea Unique? Will it be in demand? Does it bridge a gap?

Yes

Can I arrange the funds required? Will the idea be able to generate funds in future?

Yes

Do I have innovative skills? Do I have basic managerial qualities? Am I determined & dedicated to my venture?

Yes

Figure 1: The funnel model for e-preneur evaluation

concept out of your idea in no time. The platform development stage: A concept, once approved, enters the next stage of platform development. Selecting the technology to build the online platform and developing it is an important element of this phase. HTML5, CSS3, jQuery, PHP and MySQL, are some of the best open source technologies available to develop your platform. Open source PHP frameworks like Codeigniter (http://ellislab.com/ codeigniter) and CakePHP (http://cakephp.org/) can be used to build robust e-commerce portals. User interfaces, or the look and feel of the platform, can be designed using the GIMP (http://www.gimp.org/)andtheBluefisheditor(http://bluefish. openoffice.nl/index.html). If you wish to go completely open source, use any of the open source Linux (Ubuntu, Mint, etc) flavoursasthebaseoperatingsystem.

Intrusion-Detection

Bandwidth-Management

attacks

TCPinspect256-bits ICMP IPv6

perimeter

My Network is too small, do I need Network Security?

VPN-Tunnels allow

UDP

AntiVirusVPNUTMaccess reject Loadbalance IPSec ruleset security Proxy rulesReporting

NATAnalytics

Traffic-Shaper IPOpenVPN PAT Packet IPSContent-Filtering blockMulti-WAN Policy-RoutingBlowfish

FirewallLayerAES

I have a lot of branch offices. How do I secure all of them easily?

deny

I don't have a Network Security personnel.

Configuration

MD5 ltering

FailoverNetwork analysis protect

PPTP

I don't know what my users do on the web!

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january 2013 | 35

For U & Me

Insight WorldMags.netMarketing Stage Expansion & Growth Stage

Idea Stage

Concept Stage

Platform Development Stage

Innovate & Redesign Stage

Next Evolution Cycle

Figure 2: The planning and development process as well as the evolution cycle of an e-preneur venture

In case youre not interested in developing the platform in-house, there are some excellent open source e-commerce platforms available. The best among them is OpenCart (http:// www.opencart.com/). It has all the features of a premium platform, like payment gateway integration, inventory management, catalogue management, etc. It is also supported by a vast community of developers, who publish plug-ins to enhance the platforms functionality. A list of some other open source e-commerce platforms is available at this link (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_free_and_open_source_ eCommerce_software). One of the key deciding factors in the success of any business is customer support. Customers are more demanding than kids, throw more tantrums than a four-year-old, and are hard to satisfy. The key to a customers heart is the service and support a business provides once the transaction has been completed. Some great tools in this area are CitrusDB (http:// www.citrusdb.org/), RT: Request Tracker (http://bestpractical. com/rt/), Help Desk Software (http://freehelpdesk.org/), etc. The marketing stage: The next stage in this process is spreading the word about the venture. This requires using various marketing media like emails, media advertisements, newsletters, etc. Though the biggest boost to a marketing effort is happy customers, should you want to take advantage of other media, there are some great open source tools waiting for you, like Openemm (http://www.openemm.org/). It provides features like newsletter management, email marketing, etc. It also has a rich interface and excellent reporting features. Besides this, you can go for advertisements in the social media like Facebook, Twitter, etc. Google Adwords is another great tool, provided you are willing to shell out a few bucks. Search Engine Optimisation (SEO) is another area which an e-preneur should look into. SEO decides the fate of a website. If your website isnt among the top 10 results of a search engine, you might as well not run it. A great open source tool to handle all your SEO troubles is SEO Panel (http://www.seopanel.in/). It provides a vast variety of SEO plug-ins, and has the capability to optimise a website for all the popular search engines. The expansion and growth stage: Success in the marketing stage indicates that the venture is now ready for expansion and growth. It can be extended to markets that havent been touched36 | january 2013 | OPEn SOurCE FOr yOu

yet, but promise a greater number of hits or users. Business Intelligence (BI) tools can provide great insights in this area. Some great open source tools for BI are Jaspersoft (http://www. jaspersoft.com/), Pentaho (http://www.pentaho.com/) and Jedox (http://www.jedox.com/en/). All three provide excellent reporting, dashboard and analytics capabilities. The latest release of Jaspersoft uses HTML5 for data visualisations. The innovation and redesign stage: A major challenge that e-preneurs face is keeping their ventures in line with the latest developments in technologies. Changes in technology take place at a very fast pace; what seems attractive today will become ugly tomorrow. Thus, e-preneurs have to come up with innovative ways to surprise their consumers. I personally feel that the only tools available for this stage are creativity and your imagination. Coupled with the GIMP and the Bluefisheditor,theycanreallyenhancetheuserexperience. The evolution of an e-preneur venture is an ongoing process, and does not end here. Rather, it keeps going through these stages cyclically. Figure 2 shows the stages of planning and developingane-preneurventure,andtheflowofitsevolution.

The challenges

Lets now look at some of the risks faced by an e-preneur. Risk of failure: The chances of an e-preneur venture failing are much higher than any other type of business, because of various factors like competition, threat of substitutes, the threat of new entrants, etc. Technical risks: The technical risk in an e-preneur venture is very high, as its highly technology dependent. For example, the website may not be accessible due to servers being down, and hence faces a loss of credibility. The Internet is full of crackers and malicious attackers; it is hard and expensive to safeguard the website from them. Though they can be traced, much of the damage to your ventures credibility would already have been done by then. Failure to innovate: An e-preneur might not be able to foresee upcoming trends in technology, and hence may fail to make timely innovations. After a certain period, consumers expect to see something new. Failure to surprise them results in loss of customer loyalty. E-commerce is growing at a rapid pace in our country because people have started accepting the trend of online shopping. Websites like Flipkart.com, Myntra.com, etc, are fast becoming the new hangouts for all kinds of shoppers. In this article, I have attempted to familiarise readers with the basic concepts of e-preneuring, and how they can use open source tools to reduce the investment and time-tomarket for their venture.

By Uday MittalThe author is an open source enthusiast and likes to experiment with new technologies. He provides SME and personalised solutions and can be reached at [email protected].

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WorldMags.netLet's Try

Developers

An Introduction to Socket Programming in C (UDP)This article explores the basics of writing programs using sockets in C, with BSD sockets and the IP protocol version 4.

N

etwork applications, like file transfer programs, need to conform to some communication protocol. The most common protocol is TCP/IP, which is layered for example, application, transport, network and link layers. You can actually look at a socket as an extension of inter-process communication techniques like pipes, FIFOs, message queues, etc. These are limited to a single machine. There are also UNIX Domain Sockets, which can be used to communicate only between processes on the same machine. However, I am talking about TCP, UDP or SCTP intermachine network sockets that use the services of the transport layer and can help to directly get the services of the network layer (raw sockets). With these sockets, in addition to local communication on a single machine, you can communicate between different machines running different operating systemsand each program can be written in a different programming language from the other. Here, we look at the

basics of using UDP sockets. What does a socket program look like? A typical socket program might have two source filesone for the client and one for the server. For instance, my source files are lfy_udp_ client.c and lfy_udp_server.c, which can be downloaded from https://github.com/mybodhizone/udp-socket.. The two code snippets below represent two terminal windows, with each program compiled and the executables runand the output is shown below:[localhost udp]$ gcc lfy_udp_server.c -o myserver [localhost udp]$ ./myserver UDP Server - Waiting for Client data Data Received from 127.0.0.1 I have received Testing UDP Server - Waiting for Client data

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Developers

[localhost udp]$ gcc lfy_udp_client.c -o myclient [localhost udp]$ ./myclient 127.0.0.1 11710 Client Starting service Enter Data For the server Testing Data Sent To Server Data Received from server 127.0.0.1: Testing Enter Data For the server

WorldMags.netLet's TryProcess received data. received. }

Receive datagram from a client (Here, the process waitsthat

is, gets blocked, until the recvfrom function returns). Send datagram to the client, from whom datagram was

The source code

Though client and server generally mean processes running on different machines, in my example, both client and server are running on the same Fedora 15 machine. The server process typically listens on a particular port number; in this case, I have randomly chosen 11710. The client should know the IP (Internet Protocol) address of the machine on which the server is running, as well as the port number. (Here the address is 127.0.0.1, the loop-back address, since I am using the same machine to run the client and the server.) The client requests some service from the server, which serves the client and typically waits for another client request. In this example, the service is simply returning the string it received from the client and this is displayed by the client. After running the server, you can use the netstat command to see the socket opened by the server:[localhost udp]$ netstat -a | grep 11710 udp 0 0 *:11710 *:*

Now please refer to the downloaded source code. The socket function returns a socket descriptor (IPv4, SOCK_ DGRAM(UDP)), referred to by the variable sd. An address structure struct sockaddr_in (whose declaration is in the file / usr/include/netinet/in.h in Linux) is needed. It's declaration is available in the source code by inclusion of . In the client code, you need to populate this address structure (the serveraddress variable) with the address family, the servers IP address, and the port number. Note that this needs to be populated in the big-endian order, so use functions/macros like htons and inet_addr htons(atoi(argv[2])), which transform the string the user passes as

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