Operational procedu res for observational

data collection at RTH Bangkok

Kumpol Luengpetngam Telecommunication Divis

ion, RTH: Bangkok- E mail: kumpol@metnet.

tmd.go.th

RTH BangkokThe telecommunication division of the Meteorological Department of Thailand has assumed as the responsibility of being the Regional Telecommunication Hub (RTH) for south east asia since 1967, upon the request from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).

Regional Meteorological Telecommunication Network for Region II (Asia)point-to-point circuits implementation (transmission speed in bit/s)

RTH

NMC

Centre in other region

MTN circuitRegional circuit

Interregional circuit

Algiers

Cairo

Offenbach

Moscow

Vientiane

Ulaanbaatar

Baghdad

Manila

Kuala LumpurMelbourne

Washington

Offenbach

Muscat

Doha

Kuwait

Bahrain

Dhaka

Yangon

Kathmandu

Kabul

Karachi

Colombo

MaleBangkok

Hong Kong

HanoiCairo

Sanaa

Jeddah

Phnom Penh

Tokyo

Khabarovsk

Moscow

PyongYangAshgabad

Macao

Melbourne

New Delhi

Tehran

Novosibirsk

Emirates

9600

4800

2400

96009600

7200

7200

9600

9600

64 kb/s

75

75 96009600

64 kb/s

200

16 Kbps

200

9600

9600

75

100

50

120050

200

16 Kbps

50

50

50

75

7200

50

75

7200

100

1200

1200

200

75

75

50

50

100

100

75

64kb/s

50

50

75

9600

50

Tashkent

Dushanbe

Bishkek

Almaty

75

7575

4800

1200

50

N/O

N/O

N/O

N/O

N/O

N/O

Seoul

Beijing9600

64 kb/s

64 kb/s

25.02.1998

64 Kbps

9600

Singapore

2400

MSS History

Teletype Machine Minicomputer (DG S/130) Minicomputer (DG MV/7800)

Alpha DEC 2100 Alpha DEC 40000

PCLSCPCLSC

PCLSC Host

Asynchronous Circuit Support

X.25 Protocol

Dial-in Support

Singapore

Beijing

NWP

Domestinc

Air ForceRoyal Navy

Satellite Subd

Climat Div

New DelhiJeddahHanoiYangon

Forecast div4 Local Forecast Centre

Aero Thai CorpUtapao Airp

Backup DomesticRadar subdivUbon Airp

DMZ Hub

SENT1 FIREWALL

LAN HUB

DEC Alpha 2100standby

MESSAGE SWITCHING

DEC Alpha 4000primary DATABANK

DEC Alpha 4000primary

MESSAGE SWITCHING

DEC Alpha 2100standby

DATABANK

RouterInternet Server

DMZ Hub

SENT2 FIREWALL

Tokyo

Vientiane Beijing

Kuala Lumpur

LAN HUB

Internet

RTH BANGKOK NETWORK

DEC REPEATER#1

DEC SERVER90TL #1

DEC SERVER90TL #2

DEC SERVER90TL #3

DEC SERVER90TL #4

DECHUB 90

Forecast divisionOcean Subdivision

CAT

FRAME RELAYNETWORK

Singapore

Router

DEC Alpha 2100 Server

190MHz Alpha CPU 128MB RAM

8 888

88888888888 8888 8 888 800

- 42 600RRD MB CD ROM Drive

8888888 88888 8888888- 888 888 8888 8888806 4.0 4

8828835

- 07 16006250TSZ AA / bpi reel tape drive

- 500Model A MP R AXP

4000DEC Alpha Server 300MHz Alpha CPU 128MB RAM

8DISK GB

0 0Dual Ethernet Controllers (in , tu )

- 42 600RRD MB CD ROM Drive

8888888 88888 8888888- 888 888 8888 8888806 4.0 4

288 35. MB . ” FD

- 07 16006250TSZ AA / bpi reel tape drive

Software Feature

System software - Digital UNIX version 4.0b

Application Software- Unified Message Switch (UMS)

Message File

Network Definition

History Database

Message DescriptionTable

Message SwitchKernel

WMO Procedure

History DatabaseManagement

WMO AFTN/ICAOMessage Interchage

Control andMonitor

Auto Standby

History DatabaseRetrieval

Validate and Correction

User Terminal

Magnetic tapeInterface

WMO Reporting

Statistics Subsystem

DATABANKSYSTEM

Dial-In Support

Host interfacevia TCP/IPInternetTCP/IP

PC UserSupport

X.25 Protocol

AsynchornouseSupport

COMMUNICATIONCONTROL MESSAGE SWITCHING

SYSTEM CONTROL

Tape

Data FlowControl

UMS Application and Data File Flow

MESSAGE MANAGER

Q TABLE

MESSAGE FILE

QUEUEQ

DEQUEUEENQUEUE

RETRIEVALQueue Management

REQUESTS

MESSAGEMESSAGE

System configuration file

Message Validation and Error Correction

Message RoutingProgram

Message Validation

SMTH01 VTBB 010000AAXX 0100448300 ……….

Route QError Q

MDT

Valid Message

ErrorCorrectionStation

Invalid Message

ChannelQueue

DatabaseQueue

History Database RetrievalTape

History file Message DB Retrieval MESSAGE FILE

Requests

Printer

COMMUNICATION FEATURE

Asynchronous ITA-2, IA-5 ASCII

Synchronous X.25 (1 PVC & 2 PVC)

TCP/IP Frame Relay, WMO standard FTP

Asynchronous ITA-2, IA-5 ASCII

Supports message exchange on asynchronous circuits and communications devices.

Supports character processing for low speed and telegraphic operations. It operates at speed of 50 bauds to 9,600 bps.

Existing circuit : Bangkok-Jeddah, Bangkok-Hanoi, Bangkok-Yangon and Bangkok-New Delhi.

Synchronous X.25 (1 PVC & 2 PVC)Supports message exchange

procedures under X.25 and Fully supported at speed up to 9600 bps.

Supports the message exchange format in GRIB code and BUFR as defined by WMO.

Existing circuit : Bangkok-Singapore and Bangkok-Beijing.

Internet TCP/IP Frame Relay and standard WMO FTPCost-saving and efficiency.Supports numerous application

utilities available off the shelf, which offer solutions to information communication needs of WMO members.

Internet TCP/IP Frame Relay and standard WMO FTP (next)

Provides connectivity between members in a more flexible and versatile manner than base x.25 based equivalent.

New WMO communication technique.

Additional line backup via internet. Existing circuit: Bangkok-Tokyo,

Bangkok-Kuala Lumpur and Bangkok-Vientiane.

Recent development at RTH Bangkok

Hardware updates Software updates Circuit updates

Hardware updatesInternet server for TCP/IP.

Cisco 2600 routers.Sentinet firewalls.

Software updatesWMO socket TCP/IP frame relay module.

WMO FTP standard module.

Circuit updates16 Kbps frame relay for Bangkok-Tokyo circuit.

64 Kbps ftp for Bangkok-Vientiane circuit.

16 Kbps frame relay for Bangkok-Kuala Lumpur circuit.

0

10,000,000

20,000,000

30,000,000

40,000,000

50,000,000

RECEPTION

RECEPTION 23,911,374 5,501,712 3,953,998 1,429,075 527,697 170,619 66,217 464,992 7,024,931 3,476,052 46,526,667

TRANSMISSION 511,054 1,153,373 1,161,395 429,129 4,177,732 649,153 1,228,300 2,068,816 1,837,150 24,255,332 37,471,434

RJTD BABJ DEMS OEJD VNNN VBRR VLIV WMKK WSSS VTBB TOTAL

bytes

Daily Data traffic at RTH Bangkokbytes

Circuit Speed Reception Transmission1RJTD 16 Kbps 11,175 4562BABJ 9,600 1,420 1,3033DEMS 200 683 1,4314OEJD 75 1,171 4175VNNN 1,200 35 3,7336VBRR 50 12 6007VLIV 64 Kbps 4 1,1618WMKK 16 Kbps 1,067 2,7709WSSS 2,400 3,644 2,214

19,211 14,085Totals (bulletins)

Average number of observations bulletins RX/TX within 24 Hrs.

Type of Data BulletinsSynop 4,983Temp 2,031Pilot 438Ship, Buoy, Temp ship, Pilot ship, Bathy,Tesac and Trackof 1,089Airep and Amdar 5,197Satellite 2,925Warnings and Forecasts 194META and TAF 272GRID and GRIB 1,859Others 223

Totals 19,211

Average number of observations received within 24 Hrs.

0

2,000

4,000

6,0008,000

10,000

12,000

14,00016,000

RECE

PTIONRECEPTION 11,175 1,420 683 1,171 35 12 4 1,067 3,644 15,567

TRANSMISSION 456 1,303 1,431 417 3,733 600 1,161 2,770 2,214 14,085

RJTD BABJ DEMS OEJD VNNN VBRR VLIV WMKK WSSS TOTALS

Daily average availability of Rx/Tx bulletins at RTH Bangkok

888888888

Type RJTD BABJ DEMSOEJD VNNNVBRR VLIV WMKKWSSSSynop 1,634 1,035 230 762 26 10 4 27 1,255Temp 1,256 255 60 196 5 0 0 20 239Pilot 74 75 25 4 2 0 0 23 235

Ship, Bathy and Buoy 601 29 346 0 0 0 0 8 105Airep and Amdar 3,662 16 1 0 0 0 0 6 1,512Satellite 2,916 0 3 6 0 0 0 0 0Warnings and Forecasts 86 5 2 6 1 2 0 0 92META, TAF 0 5 0 197 0 0 0 9 61Others 946 0 16 0 1 0 0 974 145

Totals (bulletins) 11,175 1,420 683 1,171 35 12 4 1,067 3,644

Average number of observations bulletins RX within 24 Hrs.

Type RJTD BABJ DEMSOEJDVNNNVBRRVLIVWMKKWSSS

synop 211 610 733 186 895 345 785 1113 1213Temp 50 225 190 57 202 82 269 417 250

Pilot 96 163 147 104 130 100 104 59 59Ship, Bathy and Buoy 21 22 121 32 205 25 0 199 247Airep and Amdar 0 42 87 6 62 0 0 91 55Satellite 0 0 0 01762 0 0 46 45Warnings and Forecasts 8 17 17 32 103 29 1 86 41META, TAF 62 210 68 0 0 0 0 109 52GRID and GRIB 0 0 0 0 360 16 0 641 236

Average number of observations bulletins TX within 24 Hrs.

Circuit Reception Error Duplicate Request

1RJTD 11175 54 1828 1

2BABJ 1420 13 191 0

3DEMS 683 44 221 04OEJD 1171 48 674 05VNNN 35 0 0 16VBRR 12 1 2 07VLIV 4 2 0 08WMKK 1067 0 16 09WSSS 3644 11 389 4

19,211 173 3,321 6 Totals (bulletins)

Average number of observations bulletins RX within 24 Hrs.

Activities BulletinsError data 173Duplicated data 3,321Corrected data 77Requested data from VTBB 10Requested data to VTBB 6New header messages 15

Operator interface at RTH Bangkok

Error analysis for data receiv ed within 2 4 hrs.

Invalid origin 192. % Invalid header 0.2% Invalid date 01. % Missing start/end of message

5.9% Line too long 03. % Unknown WMO header

137. % Duplicate WMO message

60.2%

Percentage of monitoring results for Southeast Asia : SYNOP (monitoring period : 21 August 2002 - 30 August 2002)

station name country 00z 06z 12z 18z48001 PUTAO MYANMAR - - - - 48004 HKAMTI MYANMAR 50.00 80.00 60.00 - 48008 MYITKYINA MYANMAR 90.00 100.00 70.00 10.00 48010 HOMALIN MYANMAR 90.00 100.00 70.00 - 48018 KATHA MYANMAR 80.00 100.00 70.00 - 48019 BHAMO MYANMAR 90.00 100.00 70.00 - 48020 HAWLAIL MYANMAR 90.00 80.00 70.00 -

48025 KALEWA MYANMAR 90.00 100.00 60.00 - 48035 LASHIO MYANMAR 80.00 50.00 60.00 - 48037 MONYWA MYANMAR 90.00 90.00 70.00 - 48042 MANDALAY MYANMAR 90.00 100.00 70.00 10.00 48045 MINDAT MYANMAR 90.00 80.00 70.00 - 48048 NYAUNG-U MYANMAR 90.00 100.00 70.00 - 48053 MEIKTILA MYANMAR 90.00 80.00 60.00 10.00 48057 TAUNGGYI MYANMAR - 80.00 30.00 - 48060 KENGTUNG MYANMAR - 90.00 70.00 - 48062 SITTWE MYANMAR 90.00 80.00 70.00 10.00

Percentage of monitoring results for Southeast Asia : SYNOP (monitoring period : 21 August 2002 - 30 August 2002)

station name country 00z 06z 12z 18z

48071 KYAUKPYU MYANMAR 90.00 100.00 70.00 - 48077 PROME MYANMAR 70.00 100.00 70.00 - 48078 TOUNGOO MYANMAR 60.00 90.00 70.00 - 48080 SANDOWAY MYANMAR 70.00 90.00 20.00 - 48094 PATHEIN MYANMAR 80.00 40.00 60.00 - 48097 YANGON MYANMAR 90.00 100.00 70.00 30.00 48108 DAWEI MYANMAR 90.00 90.00 60.00 10.00 48109 COCO ISLAND MYANMAR - 90.00 40.00 - 48110 MERGUI MYANMAR - 60.00 70.00 - 48112 VICTORIA POINT MYANMAR - 20.00 60.00 -

Percentage of monitoring results for Southeast Asia : SYNOP (monitoring period : 21 August 2002 - 30 August 2002)

station name country 00z 06z 12z 18z

48802 SAPA VIET NAM 100.00 70.00 80.00 80.00 48803 LAO CAI VIET NAM 100.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 48806 SONLA VIET NAM 100.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 48808 CAO BANG VIET NAM 90.00 80.00 80.00 70.00 48810 BAC CAN VIET NAM 100.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 48820 HA NOI VIET NAM 100.00 90.00 80.00 80.00 48823 NAM DINH VIET NAM 100.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 48826 PHU LIEN VIET NAM 100.00 90.00 80.00 80.00 48830 LANG SON VIET NAM 100.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 48831 THAINGUYEN VIET NAM 100.00 80.00 80.00 80.00

Percentage of monitoring results for Southeast Asia : SYNOP (monitoring period : 21 August 2002 - 30 August 2002)

station name country 00z 06z 12z 18z

48838 MONG-CAI VIET NAM 100.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 48839 BACHLONG VI VIET NAM 100.00 90.00 70.00 80.00 48840 THANH HOA VIET NAM 100.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 48845 VINH VIET NAM 90.00 90.00 80.00 80.00 48846 HATTINH VIET NAM 100.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 48848 DONG HOI VIET NAM 100.00 90.00 80.00 80.00 48852 HVE VIET NAM 100.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 48855 DA NANG VIET NAM 100.00 90.00 80.00 80.00 48863 QUANG-NGAI VIET NAM 100.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 48866 PLEIKU VIET NAM 90.00 80.00 80.00 80.00

Percentage of monitoring results for Southeast Asia : SYNOP (monitoring period : 21 August 2002 - 30 August 2002)

station name country 00z 06z 12z 18z

48870 QUY NHON VIET NAM 100.00 90.00 80.00 80.00 48875 BUONMATHUOT VIET NAM 90.00 80.00 80.00 70.00 48877 NHA TRANG VIET NAM 100.00 90.00 80.00 80.00 48887 PHAN THIET VIET NAM 100.00 90.00 80.00 80.00 48892 SONG TU TAY VIET NAM 100.00 70.00 80.00 80.00 48900 HO CHI MIN VIET NAM 100.00 90.00 80.00 80.00 48907 RACH GIA VIET NAM 100.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 48914 CA MAU VIET NAM 100.00 90.00 80.00 80.00 48916 THO CHU VIET NAM 80.00 80.00 80.00 60.00 48917 PHU QUOC VIET NAM 100.00 90.00 80.00 80.00

Percentage of monitoring results for Southeast Asia : SYNOP (monitoring period : 21 August 2002 - 30 August 2002)

station name country 00z 06z 12z 18z

48918 CON SON VIET NAM 100.00 90.00 80.00 80.00 48919 HUYEN TRAN VIET NAM 100.00 80.00 80.00 80.00 48920 TRUONG TRAN VIET NAM 100.00 90.00 80.00 80.00 48921 BOUNNEUA LAOS 20.00 50.00 - - 48924 LUANG NAMTHA LAOS 70.00 90.00 - - 48925 OUDOMSAY LAOS 80.00 90.00 - - 48926 HOVEI-SAI LAOS 30.00 100.00 - - 48927 VIENSAY LAOS 50.00 80.00 - - 48928 SAM-NEUA LAOS 50.00 40.00 - - 48930 LUANG-PRABANG LAOS 80.00 100.00 - -

Percentage of monitoring results for Southeast Asia : SYNOP (monitoring period : 21 August 2002 - 30 August 2002)

station name country 00z 06z 12z 18z

48935 PLAINE DES JARRES LAOS 80.00 100.00 - - 48938 SAYAROURY LAOS 80.00 90.00 - - 48940 VIENTIANE LAOS 80.00 100.00 - - 48941 PHONHONG LAOS 40.00 60.00 - - 48944 THANGONE LAOS - 10.00 - - 48945 TAKSANE LAOS 80.00 90.00 - - 48946 THAKHEK LAOS 80.00 90.00 - - 48947 SAVANNAKHET LAOS 80.00 90.00 - - 48948 SENO LAOS 40.00 70.00 - - 48952 SARAVANE LAOS 30.00 60.00 - -

Percentage of monitoring results for Southeast Asia : SYNOP (monitoring period : 21 August 2002 - 30 August 2002)

station name country 00z 06z 12z 18z

48953 SEKONG LAOS 40.00 30.00 - - 48955 PAKSE LAOS 80.00 100.00 - - 48957 ATTOPEU LAOS 10.00 30.00 - - 48962 BATTAMBANG CAMBODIA - - - - 48966 SIEMREAP CAMBODIA - - - - 48968 KRAKOR CAMBODIA - - - - 48982 KOS KONG CAMBODIA - - - - 48983 KOMPONG SOM/VILLECAMBODIA - - - - 48985 KAMPOT CAMBODIA - - - - 48991 PHOM-PENH CAMBODIA - - - -

Percentage of monitoring results for Southeast Asia : SYNOP (monitoring period : 21 August 2002 - 30 August 2002)

station name country 00z 06z 12z 18z

8 888888 8 888 88888mendationsSilent centreGarbled messageRepeated sendingQuality message formatConnection failed Automatic request/replyFinancial support for

developing country.