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These are the common instruments used in ophtlalmology. Questions on these are asked in the exams for undergraduates.
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Wire speculum
Used to retract lid and hold eye open in1.Both intraocular and
extraocular surgery• Removal of conjunctival
and corneal foreign body
• Cauterisation of corneal vessels
• Examination of patient with blepharospasm
Superior rectus forceps
• Used to hold the superior rectus while placing bridle suture
Conjunctival scissors
• A spring action scissor with curved end and large blades
• Used for peritomy
Bard parker knife
• To load no.15 blade with round tip for corneoscleral groove in ECCE and first step in triplanar incision of SICS
Cystitome
• Used in anterior capsulotomy and capsulorrhexis
Corneoscleral scissors
• Spring action scissor • Used to enlarge
corneoscleral incision for ECCE
Fine cannula
• For hydrodissection and intraocular irrigation using balanced salt solution.
Iris repositor
1.To reposit iris in any intraocular surgery
2.To break synechiae at the pupillary margin
Lens hook
1.To apply pressure at 6 ‘o clock position over the limbus
2.Can be used as a muscle hook
Needle holder
1. Spring action2. Used to pass sutures in
conjunctiva, cornea, sclera and extraocular muscles
3. Castoviejo’s-used in extraocular muscle surgery
Corneoscleral forceps
• Toothed forceps • Used to hold cornea
and sclera during corneoscleral suturing
McPherson’s forceps
1.Used in tying suture• Used to hold superior
haptic of IOL during placement
• Used to tear off anterior lens capsule during ECCE
Vanna’s scissors
1. To cut 10 - 0 nylon sutures
2. To cut anterior lens capsule in ECCE
3. To cut the iris tissue during trabeculectomy
4. For sphincterotomy5. To perform iridectomy6. To cut pupillary
membrane and lamellar corneal tissue
Punctum dilator
• To dilate punctum and canaliculi during syringing, probing, DCR, DCT.
CAT’S PAW RETRACTOR
1.Fork like instrument with terminal tent inward
• Used to retract skin in lacrimal sac and lid surgery
Lacrimal sac dissector and curette
• For blunt dissection of lacrimal sac during lacrimal sac surgery
• Curetting remnants of lacrimal sac during daryocystectomy.
Chisel and hammer
1.Chisel is used to cut bone in DCR and orbitotomy
2.Used to hammer the chisel
Periosteum elevator
• Used to elevate periosteum in DCR
Bone punch
Used to enlarge bony opening in DCR by punching bone from margins of opening
Chalazion clamp
• To fix the chalazion and achieve hemostasis during incision and curettage
Chalazion curette
1.Small cup with sharp margins attached to a narrow handle
• Used to scoop out contents of a chalazion
Optic nerve guide
• Used to engage the optic nerve during enucleation
Optic nerve cutting scissors
• Scissor with curved ends.
• Used during enucleation for cutting optic nerve.
Descemarre’s lid retractor
1. To retract lids for examination of eyeball in children, blepharospasm, swelling of eyelids and chemosis
2. Removal of corneoscleral sutures
3. Removal of corneal foreign body
4. Double eversion of upper eyelid
Metal cannula
• Fine canula 27G or 30 G• Used 1. To form anterior chamber• For hydro-dissection• For aspirating air, lens
matter(j-shaped cannula)