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INFORMATION PACKAGE

UNIVERSITY OF ZAGREBFACULTY OF PHARMACY AND BIOCHEMISTRY

for the 133th academic year 2014/2015

INFORMATION ON THE INSTITUTION AND ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS..............3GENERAL INFORMATION.................................................................................................3PROGRAMMES.................................................................................................................4ADMISSION/REGISTRATION PROCEDURE.........................................................................4

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Graduate programmes................................................................................................4PhD programme in "Pharmaceutical-Biochemical Sciences".......................................5

PRINCIPAL RULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE INSTITUTION...........................................5Transfer admission procedures – graduate programmes............................................5Transfer admission procedures – PhD programme......................................................6

INSTITUTIONAL ECTS COORDINATOR..............................................................................6TEACHING STAFF MEMBERS AND ASSOCIATES...............................................................7ACADEMIC CALENDAR.....................................................................................................9

GENERAL STUDENT INFORMATION.................................................................10STUDENT ASSOCIATIONS AND ACTIVITIES....................................................................10FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT..........................................................................................10

INFORMATION ON DEGREE PROGRAMMES......................................................11MASTER OF PHARMACY PROGRAMME...........................................................................11

Qualification awarded...............................................................................................11Educational and professional goals...........................................................................11Student practice........................................................................................................12Possible access to further education.........................................................................12Degree Thesis and Final Exam..................................................................................12Examinations and other learning controls.................................................................13Exam before the examining board............................................................................13Coursework by study year…………………………………………………………………………………………15

MASTER OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY PROGRAMME......................................................21Qualification awarded...............................................................................................21Educational and professional goals...........................................................................21Student practice.......................................................................................................21 Possible access to further education.........................................................................22Final/Degree Thesis and Final/Degree Examination..................................................22Examinations and other learning controls.................................................................22Exam before the examining board............................................................................23Coursework by study year.........................................................................................24

PHD PROGRAMME IN "PHARMACEUTICAL-BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES".............................30Qualification awarded...............................................................................................30Educational and professional goals...........................................................................30Possible access to further education.........................................................................30Tuition and fees........................................................................................................30PhD thesis.................................................................................................................30

POSTGRADUATE SPECIALIST STUDIES.........................................................................31DESCRIPTION OF INDIVIDUAL COURSES – MASTER OF PHARMACY PROGRAMME..........32DESCRIPTION OF INDIVIDUAL COURSES – MASTER OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY PROGRAMME.................................................................................................................72

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INFORMATION ON THE INSTITUTION AND ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS

FACULTY OF PHARMACY AND BIOCHEMISTRYUniversity of ZagrebA. Kovačića 1, 10000 ZagrebP.O. Box 156Telephone: +385 1 48 56 201Fax: +385 1 63 94 400E-mail: [email protected]: http://www.pharma.unizg.hr

Dean: Professor Karmela BaJerka Dumićrišić, PhD Vice Dean for Academic AffairsEducation:Assistantociate Professor Lidija Bach-Rojecky, PhDVice Dean for Science and ResearchScience: Professor Jelena Filipović-GrčićSanda Vladimir-Knežević, PhD Registrar: Srebrenka VelčićMarija Dora Katulić, LLB

GENERAL INFORMATION

The Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry is the only faculty in Croatia dedicated entirely to teaching and research in pharmacy and medical biochemistry. Pharmacy studies were started at the University of Zagreb in 1882. The name Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry was adopted in 1963, and since 1986 the Faculty organizes two study programmes, one in pharmacy and the other in medical biochemistry.

Today, the Faculty offers graduate programme in Pharmacy and in Medical biochemistry, postgraduate (PhD) programme in "Pharmaceutical-Biochemical Sciences" and postgraduate specialist programmes. In addition, The Faculty offers continuing education for masters of pharmacy and medical biochemistry.

The goals and objectives of Master of Pharmacy programme are to educate students for competent participation in the design, development and delivery of medications for safe and efficient therapy.

The five-year Master of Pharmacy programme (10 semesters, 300 ECTS points) is divided in three areas of academic focus: basic sciences, biomedical sciences and pharmaceutical sciences. Programme emphasizes problem solving, critical thinking, and latest scientific findings related to medicines and modern medical treatments. Students learn to practice as patient-oriented healthcare professionals who will work as team with other health care providers. In our modern educational, research and practice settings, student are prepared to excel in a variety of pharmaceutical careers such as working in community and hospital pharmacies, pharmaceutical industry (research, development, production, control and marketing of drugs), Agency for Medicinal Products and Medical Devices, educational institutions for pharmacists, research institutes, drug distribution enterprises (wholesalers).

The goals and objectives of Master of Medical Biochemistry programme are to train students to examine human life in health and disease from the chemical, biochemical and molecular-biological aspects.The five-year Master of Medical Biochemistry programme (10 semesters, 300 ECTS points) is divided in three areas of academic focus: basic sciences, biomedical sciences and medical biochemistry sciences. Programme emphasizes problem solving, critical thinking, and latest scientific findings related to the molecular mechanisms underlying a multitude of diseases as well as novel diagnostic methods. The aim of this programme is to educate professionals who will be able to help physicians to diagnose the disease and follow up the therapy by choosing appropriate procedures and interpreting the obtained results.Medical biochemistry students study molecular processes in human body and molecular changes specific to disease, as well as the essence, selection and quality control of laboratory diagnostic procedures.Interpretation of laboratory findings, measuring instruments, insulation and preparation of biological substances, production of reagents and biochemicals are also among their tasks. The extensive practical programme and

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http://www.pharma.unizg.hr/

mailto:[email protected]

research projects develop teamwork skills and introduce students to the practical aspects of modern medical biochemistry.Masters of medical biochemistry get mainly employed in the health care system (medical-biochemistry laboratories in primary health care, polyclinics, general and specialized hospitals and clinical hospital centres).

Graduate programmes constitute the basis for postgraduate extension of knowledge and acquisition of special skills and competences. Therefore PhD programme in pharmaceutical-biochemical sciences has an important role in the educational system of the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry. The goal of PhD programme is to prepare independent, creative scientists to excel in academia, the pharmaceutical industry and other research institutions.

Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry is situated on four locations, at a total area of ca 8500 square meters, with research and student laboratories, demonstration rooms, a student pharmacy, computer classroom, central library, several departmental libraries and botanical garden of medicinal, poisonous, aromatic and food plants.

PROGRAMMESGraduate programmes:

Master of Pharmacy Master of Medical Biochemistry

Postgraduate (PhD) programme in "Pharmaceutical-Biochemical Sciences" organized in 2 modules:

Pharmaceutical Sciences Medical-Biochemical Sciences

Postgraduate specialist programmes: Drug Development, Dermatopharmacy and Cosmetology, Phitopharmacy with Dietotherapy, Clinical Pharmacy, Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Molecular Diagnostics, Pharmacogenomics: a New Approach to Optimizing Therapy and Toxicology (two modules)..

The credit system applied in all programmes complies with the European system (European Credit Transfer System, ECTS).

ADMISSION/REGISTRATION PROCEDURE

Graduate studiesFaculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry enrols in the first study years:

Full-time students, financed by the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports

Full-time students –participating in tuition fees (linear participation)

Full-time students –participating in tuition fees (maximal participation)

Full-time students – foreign nationals paying full tuition fees.

General enrolment conditionsAll persons who have completed four-year secondary education and passed the state baccalaureate exam.

ApplicationApplications are submitted to the Central Admission Office according to the instructions of the said office.

Invitation for admission applications

Invitation to apply for first year enrolment is announced in the daily press and on the University of Zagreb web pages. The invitation comprises details of admission.

Admission criteria for graduate programmes - Pharmacy and Medical Biochemistrya) Based on secondary-school achievement to 250 pointsb) Based on state baccalaureate exams passed- Croatian language

to 50 points- Mathematics (higher)

to 200 points- Foreign (or classical) language

to 50 points- Chemistry

to 200 points- Biology*

to 200 points*Not a condition for admission, but brings points if passed at the state baccalaureate.

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c) Based on checking special skills If applicants did not attend and

pass a two-year course of the Latin language during secondary education, they must do it before enrolment into the 2nd study year

d) Student’s additional achievements one of the first three places won

at state competitions in the Republic of Croatia or international competitions in Chemistry or Biology or Mathematics (one competition 30 points, two or more competitions 50 points) maximum 50 points

Postgraduate doctoral studies “Pharmaceutical-Biochemical Sciences“

General conditionsEnrolment requirements for students regularly enrolling in the first year:

University degree (Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry)

Graduate studies achievement (grade point average 4.0, or references from two teachers)

English language competence and computer literacy

Enrolment requirements for students enrolling after having completed organized one-year instruction within specialist training in health services or the 1st year of some other scientific or specialist postgraduate course of studies:

Completed 1st year and exams passed, grade point average 4.5

Taking up and passing differential courses in agreement with the leader of the postgraduate doctoral course


Candidates who have not graduated from the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry but from one of the related faculties (related faculties are e.g.: Faculty of Science, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine) may enrol into the PhD programme under the following conditions:

Graduate studies achievement (grade point average 4.0, or references from two teachers)

Recommendation and statement of reasons from the leader of the PhD programme

Taking exams in differential courses of graduate studies (an appointed three-member board decides on the differential courses that the candidate has to pass)


Criteria and procedures of student selectionCandidates are selected based on the graduate studies grade point average 4.0, scientific activities (e.g. papers published in journals indexed in Current Contents, in other indexed journals, congress abstracts), and recommendations of the possible doctoral thesis supervisor.

PRINCIPAL RULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE INSTITUTION

Transfer admission procedures – graduate programmesStudents may transfer to this Faculty from other pharmacy and medical biochemistry faculties or related faculties in the Republic of Croatia provided their curricula leading to the award of the degrees of master of pharmacy or master of medical biochemistry are concordant. Transfer conditions are provided in Articles 25-29 of the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Graduate Studies Rulebook (December 2008).Possibilities and conditions of student transfer from pharmacy and medical biochemistry faculties outside the Republic of Croatia are evaluated by the Teaching Commission in terms of the degree of concordance and quality of curriculum execution, openness of the European academic scene and the legal framework of the Republic of Croatia.

Transfer is allowable only from the second to the fourth study years; transfer is not possible during the academic year in which the student enrolled for the first time.

Total number of students allowed to transfer from other faculties is determined for each academic year by the Faculty Council at the proposal of the

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Dean's Board, taking account of the Faculty space and staff capacities.

Besides curriculum concordance, general conditions for student transfer from other pharmacy and medical biochemistry and related faculties are:

candidate must have passed the exams and met the other requirements for regular enrolment in a higher study year at the parent faculty;

candidate should not have repeated any study year;

Croatian language competence (for foreign nationals, proven by relevant documents).

The Teaching Commission decides whether the listed requirements are met and whether the request is justified. ECTS coordinator of the Faculty offers the opinion on the ECTS points recognition.

If a larger number of candidates than that stipulated by the decision of the Faculty Council satisfy the general conditions, advantage is given to candidates with better general achievement at the faculty from which they are transferring.

The grade point average is calculated by taking into account grades of all exams passed at the faculty from which the candidate wishes to transfer, evaluated pursuant to the ECTS system.

Foreign nationals acquire the right to transfer to the Faculty under the same conditions as Croatian citizens, on the basis of a special quota and priority list, with recognition of the previous study period.

Requests for student transfer are submitted at the latest seven days before the ending of the regular registration period for the following academic year to the Faculty Enrolment Office in Zagreb.Enclosures to the argumented request for transfer:

Student book (Index lectionum); Certificate of exams passed and

total grade achieved in the course of the study so far (Official Transcripts);

certificate issued by the faculty from which the student is transferring that he/she has fulfilled all the requirements to enrol in the higher study year;

curriculum of the faculty from which the student is transferring;

Certificate of citizenship; for foreign nationals: photocopies of the passport and certificate of temporary residence.

Students transferring from faculties abroad have to submit, along with original documents, certified translations of original documents, as well as a certified translation of the parent faculty curriculum (Curriculum studiorum) and the decision on recognition of the previous study period issued by a competent agency.

Transfer admission procedures – PhD programmeIndividuals who have completed a specialist course of studies in biomedicine and health or a related field with the grade point average of at least 4.5 and with the required number of ECTS points can enrol in the relevant semester of PhD programme.

Individuals who have met all the requirements of a specialist course of studies or postgraduate MSc studies in pharmaceutical or medical-biochemical sciences, but have not written and defended the final thesis, with the grade point average of at least 4.5 and with the required number of ECTS points can enrol in the relevant semester of PhD programme.

Fulfilment of the listed requirements is controlled by the Postgraduate Studies Commission.

Enrolment to PhD programme can be approved to applicants who have spent some time at organized research training abroad or at other biomedical faculties in Croatia, providing they meet the admission requirements prescribed by the study programme.

The Postgraduate Studies Commission passes the decision on recognizing the equivalence of a completed study programme with the postgraduate studies curriculum.

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Pursuant to the provisions of paragraph 2, Article 14 of the Postgraduate Studies Rulebook, the Postgraduate Studies Commission approves enrolment to the relevant postgraduate course of studies and defines the conditions that the candidate has to meet before

registering the theme of his/her PhD thesis.

INSTITUTIONAL ECTS COORDINATORAssociateistant Professor Marijana Zovko Končić, PhD

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TEACHING STAFF MEMBERS AND ASSOCIATES1. Full Professorsa) Full-timeBarišić, PhD Karmela Dumić, PhD Jerka Filipović-Grčić, PhD Jelena Kronja, PhD Olga Lauc, PhD Gordan Luterotti, PhD Svjetlana Maleš, PhD Željan Nigović, PhD Biljana Petrik, PhD Jozsef Rumora, PhD Lada Vladimir Knežević, PhD Sanda Vrček, PhD Valerije Zorc, PhD Branka Žanić Grubišić, PhD Tihana Barišić, dr. sc. Karmela Bećirević-Laćan, dr. sc. Mira Biruš, dr. sc. Mladen Čepelak, dr. sc. Ivana Dumić Belamarić, dr. sc. Jerka Filipović-Grčić, dr. sc. Jelena Kalođera, dr. sc. Zdenka Kronja, dr. sc. Olga Kujundžić, dr. sc. Nikola Lauc, dr. sc. Gordan Luterotti, dr. sc. Svjetlana Maleš, dr. sc. Željan Medić-Šarić, dr. sc. Marica Nigović, dr. sc. Biljana Sorić, dr. sc. Jasna Vedrina-Dragojević, dr. sc. Irena Zorc, dr. sc. Branka Žanić Grubišić, dr. sc. Tihana

b) Cumulative EmploymentRomić, PhD Željko Sučić, PhD Mirna Zadro, PhD Renata Romić Željko, PhD Zadro, dr. sc. Renata

c) OthersCetina-Čižmek, PhD Biserka Čvorišćec, PhD Dubravka Matulić, PhD Tonči Sertić, PhD Jadranka Šiftar, PhD Juraj Cetina Čižmek, dr. sc. Biserka Čvorišćec, dr. sc. Dubravka Dodig, dr. sc. Damir Malenica, dr. sc. Branko Sertić, dr. sc. Jadranka Suchanek, dr. sc. Ernest

2. Associate Professorsa) Full-timeBach-Rojecky, PhD Lidija

Dabelić, PhD Sanja Domijan, PhD Ana-Marija Gabričević, PhD Mario Hafner, PhD Anita Hazler Pilepić, PhD Kroata Jadrijević-Mladar Takač, PhD Milena Jug, PhD Mario Juričić, PhD Živka Jurišić Grubešić, PhD Renata Kosalec, PhD Ivan Maravić Vlahoviček, PhD Gordana Mornar Turk, PhD Ana Petlevski, PhD Roberta Sanković, PhD Krešimir Šegvić Klarić, PhD Maja Vuković Rodriguez, PhD Jadranka Zovko Končić, PhD Marijana Žuntar, PhD Irena Jadrijević-Mladar Takač, dr. sc. Milena Juričić, dr. sc. Živka Jurišić Grubešić, dr. sc. Renata Petlevski, dr. sc. Roberta Petrik, dr. sc. Jozsef Rumora, dr. sc. Lada Sanković, dr. sc. Krešimir Uršić, dr. sc. Stanislav Vladimir-Knežević, dr. sc. Sanda Vrček, dr. sc. Valerije Žuntar, dr. sc. Irena

b) Cumulative EmploymentBačić-Vrca, PhD Vesna Rogić, PhD Dunja Vrkić, PhD Nada Sučić Mirna, PhD

c) OthersDodig, PhD Slavica Galešić Ljubanović, PhD Danica Flegar-Meštrić, PhD Zlata Kujundžić, PhD Milan Poropart, PhD Mirjana Šimundić, PhD Ana-Maria Arambašić, dr. sc. Ljiljana Barišić, dr. sc. Ingeborg Božikov, dr. sc. Velimir Dodig, dr. sc. Slavica Galešić Ljubanović, dr. sc. Danica Kujundžić, dr. sc. Milan Mastilica, dr. sc. Miroslav Matulić, dr. sc. Tonči Trbojević Čepe, dr. sc. Milica Vukušić, dr. sc. Ivan

3. Assistant Professorsa) Full-timeBarbarić, PhD Monika Bešić, PhD Erim

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Blažeković, PhD Biljana Budimir, PhD Ana Denegri, PhD Bernard Gornik, PhD Olga Jurić, PhD Sandra Lovrić, PhD Jasmina Pepić, PhD Ivan Pilepić, PhD Viktor Rajić Džolić, PhD Zrinka Šupraha Goreta, PhD Sandra Vanić, PhD Željka Vitali Čepo, PhD Dubravka Bach-Rojecky, dr. sc. Lidija Barbarić, dr. sc. Monika Bešić, dr. sc. Erim Budimir, dr. sc. Ana Dabelić, dr. sc. Sanja Domijan, dr. sc. Ana-Marija Gabričević, dr. sc. Mario Gornik, dr.sc. Olga Hafner, dr. sc. Anita Hazler Pilepić, dr. sc. Kroata Jug, dr. sc. Mario Jurić, dr. sc. Sandra Kos, dr. sc. Ivan Kosalec, dr. sc. Ivan Lovrić, dr. sc. Jasmina Maravić Vlahoviček, dr. sc. Gordana Mornar Turk, dr. sc. Ana Pilepić, dr. sc. Viktor Rajić, dr. sc. Zrinka Šegvić Klarić, dr. sc. Maja Vanić, dr. sc. Željka Vitali Čepo, dr. sc. Dubravka Vuković Rodriguez, dr. sc. Jadranka Zovko Končić, dr. sc. Marijana

b) Cumulative EmploymentFumić, PhD Ksenija Bačić-Vrca, dr. sc. Vesna Fumić, dr. sc. Ksenija Rogić, dr. sc. Dunja Vrkić, dr. sc. Nada

c) OthersBulimbašić, PhD Stela Debeljak, PhD Željko Grgurević, PhD Ivica Marušić, PhD Srećko Tadić, PhD Mario Debeljak, dr. sc. Željko Flegar-Meštrić, dr. sc. Zlata Šimundić, dr. sc. Ana-Maria Zrinski Topić, dr. sc. Renata

4. Senior Lecturersa) OthersVujević, PhD Drago

5. Senior Assistantsa) Full-timeInić, PhD Suzana Jablan, PhD Jasna Turčić, PhD Petra Vujić, PhD Lovorka Turčić, dr. sc. Petra

b) OthersHorvatić, PhD Ivica Mitrović, PhD Srećko Bulimbašić, dr. sc. Stela Grgurević, dr. sc. Ivica Mitrović, dr. sc. Srećko Tadić, dr. sc. Mario

6. Assistantsa) Full-timeBival Štefan, Maja Crkvenčić, Maja Hulina, Andrea Karković Marković, Ana Rimac, Hrvoje Amidžić Klarić Daniela Bival Štefan Maja Blažeković Biljana Gjuranović Željka Inić Suzana Jablan Jasna Karković Ana Šakić Davor Šepić Goran Turčić Petra Vujić Lovorka

b) OthersBokun, TomislavHorvatić, Ivica Marušić, Srećko

7. Staff Associatesa) Full-timeČulić, PhD Ognjen Kremer, PhD Dario Kremer Dario, PhD

8. Junior ResearchersBojić, PhD Mirza Drinovac, Višnja Fabijanić, PhD Ivana Grdić Rajković, PhD Marija Jakobušić Brala, PhD Cvijeta Jakšić Despot, Daniela Keser, Toma Kindl, Marija Marijan, Marijan Matić, PhD Mirela Mucalo, PhD Iva Ortner Hadžiabdić, mr. sc. Maja Palac, Zora

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Perković, PhD Ivana Sertić, PhD Miranda Somborac Bačura, PhD AnitaŠakić, DavorBojić, Mirza Obranić, dr. sc. Sonja Sertić, Miranda Denegri, dr. sc. Bernard Grdić Rajković, dr. sc. Marija Jakobušić Brala, Cvijeta Matić, Mirela

Matokanović, MirelaMucalo, Iva Novak, Ruđer Ortner Hadžiabdić, mr. sc. Maja Pepić, dr. sc. Ivan Perković, Ivana Sajenko, Ivana Somborac, AnitaŠupraha Goreta, dr. sc. Sandra Vasung, Martina Weitner, dr. sc. Tin

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GENERAL STUDENT INFORMATION

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STUDENT ASSOCIATIONS AND ACTIVITIES

A branch of the Students' Union is active at the Faculty, as well as an association of students of pharmacy and medical biochemistry -– CPSA (Croatian Pharmacy and Medical Biochemistry Students’ Association). Student representatives are members of the Faculty Council and participate in various faculty committees.The Students’ Union branch of the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry organizes traditional Freshman Evening and Summer school. Students' Union is made up of directly elected student representatives. Student representatives are members of the Faculty Council and participate in various faculty committees.

CPSA has the status of a full member of EPSA (European Pharmaceutical Students' Association) and IPSF (International Pharmaceutical Students' Federation). CPSA is the only association representing pharmacy and medical biochemistry students in Croatia. CPSA organizes charity events at the Faculty (e.g., pancake party), voluntary blood donation in collaboration with HZTM, project Patient Counsultingeling Event. CPSA members participate in for students of the 4th and 5th study year, public health campaignes workshops and posters with topical themes (e.g., smoking, HIV/AIDS, diabetes rational antibiotic use etc.), they organize international student’s exchange within the Student Exchange Programm, short-time student’s exchange during academic year (TWIN Project), student’s party and other projects.The FPB branch of the eSTUDENT association has been active since October 2011. Two teams were active in our branch: the team for lectures and workshops and theteam for work experience and internships.

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry works on four locations.The Faculty building at No. 1 Ante Kovačića Street houses a lecture hall with 200 seats, two seminar rooms, central library, student

computer room and student common room in the yard.Students can study and use the Internet in the central library and students' computer room. The Faculty location at No. 2 Domagojeva Street houses a lecture hall with 80 seats and a seminar room, and that at No. 39 Schrottova Street has a lecture hall with 80 seats. All lecture halls and seminar rooms are supplied with modern audiovisual and multimedial equipment. At each department there is one or more student laboratories, and at the Department of Pharmaceutics there is also a students’ pharmacy. Faculty’s botanical garden of medicinal, poisonous, aromatic and food plants “Fran Kušan” in Schrottova Street is the only specialized garden of the kind in this part of Europe.

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INFORMATION ON DEGREE PROGRAMMES

MASTER OF PHARMACY PROGRAMME

Qualification awarded

Upon completion of the Master of Pharmacy programme, students acquire the degree of Master of Pharmacy (MPharm).

Educational and professional goals

The Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, is the only faculty and the leading scientific-research institution in Croatia dedicated entirely to teaching and research in pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences. Known for its excellence in pharmacy education at graduate and postgraduate levels, as well as for its contribution to science, the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry is an expert source of pharmaceutical knowledge. The Faculty has always been ready to face the challenges of rapid technological advancement of modern pharmacy, and to transfer and apply the acquired knowledge to the benefit of individuals and the community as a whole.The goals and objectives of Master of Pharmacy programme are to educate students for competent participation in the design, development and delivery of medications for safe and efficient therapy.Pharmacy studies at the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry of the University of Zagreb are structured as an integral ten-semester undergraduate and graduate course of studies (5 years, 300 ECTS points) leading to the degree of Master of Pharmacy. Programme emphasizes problem solving, critical thinking, and latest scientific findings related to medicines and modern medical treatments. Students learn to practice as patient-oriented healthcare professionals who will work as team with other health care providers.In the 5th study year, students are trained for work in the health care system where, as drug experts, they pomote correct and rational use of medicines. Theoretical lectures on

pharmacotherapy with clinical pharmacy, pharmaceutical care, health legislature, communication skills and pharmaceutical ethics and deontology, are followed by 6-month practical training in community and hospital pharmacies. Studies are completed by taking the final exam and the professional exam. Besides the diploma, the student also acquires approval for independent work in the health care system at jobs foreseen for pharmacy profession (community and hospital pharmacies).Pharmacy studies are multidisciplinary; they include the basic (mathematics, chemistry, physics, statistics, biochemistry, biology, molecular biology), biomedical (anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology, microbiology and parasitology, pharmacology, toxicology and haematology) and pharmaceutical courses (pharmaceutical botany, pharmacognosy, pharmaceutical chemistry, biochemistry of drugs, pharmaceutics, drug design, drug analytics, clinical pharmacy, pharmacotherapy, cosmetology, etc.), through which students acquire specific knowledge and skills in the field of pharmacy.Pharmacy students learn the strategies of organic drug synthesis, natural sources of medicinal substances and biotechnological methods of the production of drugs and diagnostic agents. They study the physical, chemical, biological and pharmaceutical-technological characteristics of drugs and use traditional and modern methods to prove and determine medicinal substances. Pharmacy students also get conversant with the structure and functions of tissues, organs and the organism as a whole in health and disease. They acquire knowledge of different molecular mechanisms of drug action, possible adverse and harmful effects as well as interactions of drugs. They master the technology of preparing traditional and modern formulations and address the issues of storage, quality control and supervision in drug production and marketing. They develop skills of drug dispensing and communicating with patients (counselling about the choice of appropriate drug and formulation, patient compliance, monitoring side effects, correct drug information,

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describing potential drug and food interactions). They acquire knowledge required for research and development of new drugs and drug delivery systems.Masters of pharmacy, after completing the one-year internship and passing the state exam, get the licence to work independently on the foreseen jobs and assignments (community and hospital pharmacies) in the health care system. Masters of pharmacy are qualified for jobs in the pharmaceutical industry (research, development, production, control and marketing of drugs), Agency for Medicinal Products and Medical Devices and other public health institutions, academic environment, etc.

Student practice

Student practice is organized by the Centre for Applied Pharmacy. Persons responsible for the organization and execution of student practice are Associate Professor Milena Jadrijević-Mladar Takač, PhD; Associate Professor Sanda Vladimir-Knežević, PhD; Assistant Professor Željka Vanić, PhD; and Assistant Professor Renata Jurišić Grubešić, PhD.Practical work is mandatory in the third and fourth study years. It is organized as follows:

3rd year: In the 30 hours with a mentor-pharmacist, students get familiar with: mandatory technical literature and official books at pharmacies (European and Croatian Pharmacopoeias), storage of medicines and medical substances, ordering and receiving medicines and other products sold at pharmacies, checking expiry dates, monitoring supplies, weighing monocomponent teas and sorting out preparations.4th year: In the 60 hours with a mentor-pharmacist, students get familiar with food supplements (herbal preparations, vitamins and minerals, dietary products, etc.), participate in the production of extemporaneous and galenic preparations (dosage control, compounding, labelling, keeping records), learn how to apply pharmacopeial and related regulations at the pharmacy, get familiar with non-prescription medicines and their purpose, dosage, side effects, use limitations, potential interactions with other medicines and food supplements, and compare similar and/or related preparations from different manufacturers.5th study year: In the course Professional Training for Pharmacists (720 hours in community and hospital pharmacies) students master: application of user pharmacy programs and procedures of keeping mandatory turnover and business records, dispensing prescription medicines and medicines from special drug groups (psychotherapeutic substances and narcotics), procedures of preparation, dispensing, distribution and monitoring turnover of medicines at hospital pharmacies. Students also aquire the knowledge and skills of correct monitoring and reporting of side effects,and are informed about the group of products "Cosmetics" and "Special Purpose Cosmetics", and master the ways of providing pharmaceutical care.

Possible access to further education

Upon completion of pharmacy studies, students may continue scientific and research oriented education at postgraduate PhD studies, professional training at postgraduate specialist studies, professional training within pharmacy specialization in the health

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system and continuing education via relevant courses.

Degree Thesis and Final ExamThe Study is completed by passing all the exams and completing the other study obligations, by making the thesis and taking the public graduation examination as well as the final exam after the professional training in accordance with the study programme having been done.

Pursuant to the Rule Book on Graduate Studies at the University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Graduate Studies Rulebook (December July 200814), Article 5563 and 64:

1. Degree thesis is a paper prepared by the student under the supervision of a mentor at the Faculty or some other institution enabling scientific and research work according to the Instructions for degree thesis preparation.

2. Preparation of degree thesis is organized by the Degree Thesis Commission.

Degree thesis is a paper written by the student under supervision of his/her mentor at the Faculty or some other institution with scientific and research work potentials according to the Guidelines for Degree Thesis Preparation.

[3.] 3. At the degree examination, the

student proves his/her competence to apply the knowledge and skills acquired in the course of studies as well as his/her ability to solve the problems and tasks of his/her profession.

4. If the degree thesis is prepared at another institution, the Degree Thesis Commission appoints a competent person, proposed by the mentor, under whose supervision the student will complete practical part of the degree thesis at that institution.

[1.] Degree examination is the final examination of relevant graduate studies.

At the degree examination, the student proves his/her competence to apply the knowledge and skills acquired in the

course of studies as well as his/her ability to solve the problems and tasks of his/her profession.

[8.] D ommission.[4.] Degree examination is an oral

exam and consists of Degree Thesis defence and of testing the candidate’s knowledge of the field covered by the Degree Thesis.

[5.] Degree examination is a public exam, taken before the Examining Board appointed by the Dean at the suggestion of the Degree Thesis Commission. The examination must be completed in one day.

5.[6.] Degree Thesis Commission sets the dates of degree examinations, and informs about these dates the Commision members, the students, and the Faculty Enrolment Office.

Graduate studies end by taking the professional exam before the Examining Board appointed by the Dean. Professional exam can be taken after all the student obligations have been fulfilled, including six-month professional training for pharmacists. The student who meets the following requirements can access the final examination: a. he or she studied at the Faculty for

at least two years,b. he or she met all the requirements

of compulsory and elective forms of teaching, stipulated by the executive teaching plan,

c. he or she passed all the prescribed examinations and earned a minimum of 300 ECTS credits,

d. he or she passed the graduation examination.

By passing the exam, the student has completed the course of studies and gets approval for independent professional work.

Examinations and other learning controls

Rule Book on Graduate Studies at the University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry (July 2014), Pursuant to the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Graduate Studies Rulebook (December 2008), aArticle 401:

16

1. Students' knowledge and skills can be checked at subject examinations and/or evaluated during the course (midterms, practical assignments, seminar papers, project assignments, etc.). The study programme may postulate that ECTS points for particular types of instruction may be also gained without marking students' performance or by its descriptive evaluation.

2. Examinations may be theoretical or practical and are taken only as written, or only as oral, or as written and oral exams, or by demonstration/presentation of a practical assignment.

3. Exams may be theoretical or practical, and are taken only in written form, only orally, or in written form and orally, or through presentation of a practical assignment.

4. Practical part of the examination can be taken separately from the theoretical part. Overall examination must be completed in not more than five working days, except for special legitimate cases.

5. Examining a student at an oral examination must not take more than 30 minutes. Written examinations can last up to 120 minutes.

6. Written part of the examination can be eliminatory, except when the examination is taken before the examining board.

7. Students are entitled to access to marked written examination papers.

8. Examinations are free of charge.9. Students cannot sit more than

four times for an exam in the same course. The fourth time, the exam is taken before the examining board. Students who fail in the fourth attempt to pass the exam in the same course must take up that course again in the following academic year. Should the student fail the exam in the fourth attempt in the following academic year, he will be disallowed to continue the same programme.

Exam before the examining boardArticle 3049:

1. Dean, or in his absence the Vice Dean for Academic Affairs, appoints the examining board.

2. The examining board is made up of the course leader and two other members of the faculty teaching staff. One board member has to be from a different course.

3. The course leader cannot act as the board chairperson.

4. A student is entitled to take an exam before the examining board irrespective of his/her achievement in the written exam.

5. The decision of the examining board is made by majority vote; the examination application slip is signed by all members of the examining board.

6. Course leader enters the grade into the student’s book and signs it.

7. The board chairperson is making the records of the exam before examining board.

The grade awarded by the examining board cannot be appealed.

17

Course structure diagram - PHARMACY

COURSE STATUS

C COURSE TITLETOTAL HOURS

ECTSL S E F

1st semester

Compulsory

F1

Introduction to Pharmacy Pharmacy 15 0 0 0 1.5

F1

Mathematics with Statistical Analysis 45 30 0 0 7.5

F1

Cell Biology with Genetics 30 15 30 0 7.5

F1

Physics 30 15 30 0 7.5

F1

General Chemistry with Stoichiometry 60 45 30 0 11

Total compulsory courses: 180 105 90 0 35

Total elective courses:

Physical training - the student enrols for 30 hours

COURSE STATUS


ECTSL S E F

2nd semester

Compulsory

F1

Pharmaceutical Botany 30 15 30 0 7.5F1

Sociology and HealthCare 15 15 0 0 2.5F1

Analytical Chemistry 1I 30 15 30 0 7.5F1

Physical Chemistry 1I 30 15 30 0 7.5Total compulsory courses: 105 60 90 0 25


Physical training - the student enrols for 30 hours

18

COURSE STATUS


ECTSL S E F

3rd semester

Compulsory

F1

Analytical Chemistry 2II 30 0 30 0 6F1

Physical Chemistry 2II 30 15 15 0 6F1

Organic Chemistry 60 30 45 0 11.5F1

Biological Chemistry 30 0 15 0 3.5Total compulsory courses: 150 45 105 0 27


Physical Training - the student enrols for 30 hours

COURSE STATUS


ECTSL S E F

4th semester

Compulsory

F1

Physiology with Human Anatomy 60 45 0 0 9F1

Microbiology with Parasitology 60 0 30 0 8F1

Biochemistry 60 10 30 0 8.5F1

Pharmacognosy 1I 30 15 45 0 7.5Total compulsory courses: 210 70 105 0 33

19


Physical Training – the student enrols for 30 hours

COURSE STATUS


ECTSL S E F

5th semester

Compulsory

F1

Pharmacognosy 2II 30 15 30 0 6F1

Pathophysiology with Pathology 60 30 0 0 7.5F1

P har ma ceutical Medicinal Chemistry 1I 45 7 60 0 9F1

Pharmaceutics 30 15 0 0 3.5


Elective

F1

Pharmacyeutical Informatics 15 15 0 0 2.5F1

Physical Chemistry Methods in Biomedical Research 15 0 15 0 2.5F1

Health Ecology 15 0 0 0 1.5F1

Applied Psychology - S s elected Topics from Applied Psychology 20 10 0 0 2.5F1

Modern Biochemical Techniques 15 15 0 0 2.5

Total elective courses: 80 40 15 0 11.5

COURSE STATUS

COURSE TITLETOTAL HOURS

ECTSL S E F

6th semester

F1

Biopharmacy with Pharmacokinetics 15 15 30 0 5

20

Compulsory

F1

Molecular Biology with Genetic Engineering 30 15 30 0 6F1Clinical Biochemistry with Haematology 35 10 30 0 6

F1

Nutritional Biochemistry 30 0 30 0 5F1

P har ma ceutical Medicinal Chemistry 2 II 45 8 0 0 5F1

Professional Practice I1 0 0 0 30 2


Elective

F1

Spectroscopic Identification of Organic Compounds 10 10 10 0 2.5F1

History of Pharmacy 15 0 0 0 1.5F1

Metalloproteins - Structure and Mechanism 5 10 5 0 2F1

Selected Methods of Instrumental Analysis 10 0 20 0 2.5


COURSE STATUS


ECTSL S E F

7th semester

Compulsory

F1

Pharmacology 75 40 20 0 10. 5F1

Drug Formulation 60 0 45 0 9F1

Pharmaceutical Analysis 60 15 60 0 10,5Total compulsory courses: 195 55 125 0 30

Elective

F1

Pharmacoeconomics 30 0 0 0 2.5F1

Selected Chapters from Pharmaceutical Chemistry Medicinal Chemistry – Selected Topics 15 15 0 0 2.5F1

Molecular Basis of Diseases and Therapy 15 15 0 0 2.5F1

Applied Microbiology 20 10 0 0 2.5

Total elective courses: 80 40 0 0 10

21

COURSE STATUS COURSE TITLE

TOTAL HOURSECTSL S E F

8th semester

Compulsory

F1

Immunology 30 0 0 0 2.5F1

Biochemistry of MedicinesDrug Metabolism 45 15 30 0 8F1

Prescription PharmacyMagistral Formulation 0 5 40 0 3.5F1

Analytical Toxicology 30 15 15 0 5F1

Clinical Pharmacy with and Pharmacotherapy 45 15 15 0 6F1

Professional Practice 2II 0 0 0 60 3


Eelective

F1

Isolation of Bioactive Natural Products 15 5 10 0 2.5F1

Phytotherapy pharmacy 15 15 0 0 2.5F1

Experimental Pharmacology 15 0 15 0 2.5F1

Analysis ins is in Pharmaceutical Products Development 15 0 15 0 2.5F1

Quality Assurance and Registration of Medicinal Drug Registration Products 15 5 0 0 2F1

New Therapeutic SystemsInovative Drug Delivery Systems 15 15 0 0 25Total elective courses: 90 40 40 0 14.5


TOTAL HOURSECTS

L S E F

9th semester

Compulsory

F1

Cosmetology 30 0 30 0 5F1

Pharmaceutical Ethics and Deontology 15 0 0 0 1.5F1

Pharmaceutical Care* 30 30 0 0 5F1

Healthcare Legislation* 15 0 0 0 1.5F1

Communication Skills* 0 15 0 0 1.5F1

Thesis 0 0 100 0 10

22

Total compulsory courses: 90 45 130 0 24.5

Elective

F1

Biochemical Basis of Toxicity of EndobioticToxicity of Endobiotics and s and Xenobiotics s 15 15 0 0 2.5F1

New Drugs Design 30 15 0 0 3.5F1

Industrial Pharmacyeutics 15 15 0 0 2.5F1

Pharmacogenetics 10 15 5 0 2.5F1

Personalized Health Ccare 15 5 0 0 2F1

Diet Nutrition Therapy 15 15 0 0 2.5F1

Sociology in Pharmacy 15 0 0 0 1.5F1

Biostatistics 15 15 0 0 2.5


* Theoretical part of Professional Training for Pharmacists

COURSE STATUS


ECTSL S E F

10th semester

Compulsory F1

Professional Training for Pharmacists 0 0 0 720 30

L – lectures; S – seminars; E – experimental work; F – field classess

23

24

MASTER OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY PROGRAMME


Upon completion of the Master of Medical Biochemistry programme, students acquire the degree of Master of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine (MMedBiochem).


The Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, is the only faculty and the leading scientific-research institution in Croatia dedicated entirely to teaching and research in medical biochemistry. Renowned for its excellence in medical-biochemical education, both undergraduate and graduate, and its contribution to science, the Faculty constitutes an expert source of extensive medical-biochemical knowledge. The Faculty has always been ready to face challenges ensuing from the rapid technological progress of contemporary medical biochemistry, and to extend, disseminate and apply the acquired knowledge and skills to the benefit of individuals and the community as a whole.The goals and objectives of Master of Medical biochemistry programme are to train students to examine human life in health and disease from the chemical, biochemical and molecular-biological aspects.Medical biochemistry is an interdisciplinary scientific field, the scientific findings of which are applied in the health system with the aim of efficient diagnosing, disease and therapy monitoring, and prevention of pathological conditions. Modern medicine, closely connected with the development of science and technology, is today inconceivable without medical-biochemical diagnostics. Applying biochemical, hematological, molecular-biological and chemical procedures, techniques and technologies of testing biological materials, masters in medical biochemistry and laboratory medicine contribute to determination of causes of disease, health maintenance, disease prevention, monitoring treatment outcomes and to new scientific findings.

Medical biochemistry integrates the findings of modern general and analytical biochemistry and cellular and molecular biology with physiological and pathophysiological processes, making it possible to understand pathological processes at the molecular level and to identify novel diagnostic and prognostic indicators of diseases.Medical biochemistry studies are structured as an integral ten-semester undergraduate and graduate course of studies (5 years, 300 ECTS points) leading to the award of the degree of Master of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine.Medical biochemistry studies are multidisciplinary; they include the basic (mathematics, chemistry, physics, statistics, biochemistry, biology, molecular biology, genetics), biomedical (anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology, histology and cytology, immunology, microbiology and parasitology, pharmacology, toxicology and haematology) and medical biochemistry courses (general clinical biochemistry, transfusiology with immuno-haematology, clinical cytology, coagulation, integrated course of laboratory diagnostics, molecular diagnostics, etc.) through which students acquire specific knowledge and skills in the field of medical biochemistry. The extensive practical programme and research projects develop teamwork skills and introduce students to the practical aspects of modern medical biochemistry.The proposed curriculum trains masters of medical biochemistry and laboratory medicine to expertly interpret patients’ biochemical and haematological findings, thereby making them important members of the medical team involved in patient treatment. As part of the course in medical biochemistry, students will acquire knowledge and skills of communication sciences, laboratory management, electronic data processing, and laboratory system computerization. In the 5th study year, students are trained for work in the health care system. Theoretical instruction in professional courses is followed by 6-month professional training in medical-biochemical laboratories. The course is completed by taking the final exam and

25

the professional exam; besides the graduation diploma, the student gets approval for independent work in the profession.Masters in medical biochemistry and laboratory medicine can work in medical-biochemical laboratories of primary health care institutions, polyclinics, general and special hospitals, clinics, teaching hospitals and private health institutions, in research, analytical, biotechnological laboratories, marketing of biomedical diagnostic products, public health institutions, and academic institutions.

Professional practice

Persons responsible for the organization and execution of student practice for medical biochemistry students is Marija Grdić Rajković, PhD.are Associate Professor József Petrik, PhD; and Assostant Professor Roberta Petlevski, PhD.Student practice is an obligatory subject during the third and fourth study years and is organized in the following way:III godina3rd year: In the 30 hours with a mentor-master in medical biochemistry, students take part in less demanding operations in the medical-biochemical laboratory: they get familiar with the recommended methods and appertaining reference intervals in general medical biochemistry for the following laboratory tests: metabolites and substrates; enzymes; electrolytes; trace elements; proteins; lipids; and qualitative urine analysis.4th year: In the 60 hours with a mentor-master in medical biochemistry, students take part in less demanding operations in the cytological, microbiological and molecular diagnostics laboratories. They learn and independently apply simple methods of the parasitology laboratory and molecular diagnostics and cytology laboratories. 5th year: In the course Professional Training, students acquire the knowledge and skills for independent work in the medical-biochemical laboratory. The program comprises two professional units: medical biochemistry (500 hours) and hematology with coagulation (250 hours). Students acquire the knowledge and skills for taking, identification and delivery of samples, sample preparation for

analysis, treatment of samples in biochemical, hematological and coagulation analyzers.


Upon completion of medical biochemistry studies, students may continue scientific and research oriented education at postgraduate PhD studies, professional training at postgraduate specialist studies and within medical biochemistry specialization in the health system and continuing education via relevant courses.

Degree Thesis and Final ExamThe Study is completed by passing all the exams and completing the other study obligations, by making the thesis and taking the public graduation examination as well as the final exam after the professional training in accordance with the study programme having been done.

Pursuant to the Rule Book on Graduate Studies at the University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry (July 2014), Article 63 and 64:

6.[7.] Degree thesis is a paper prepared by the student under the supervision of a mentor at the Faculty or some other institution enabling scientific and research work according to the Instructions for degree thesis preparation.

7.[8.] Preparation of degree thesis is organized by the Degree Thesis Commission.

8.[9.] Degree thesis is a paper written by the student under supervision of his/her mentor at the Faculty or some other institution with scientific and research work potentials according to the Guidelines for Degree Thesis Preparation.

9.[10.] At the degree examination, the student proves his/her competence to apply the knowledge and skills acquired in the course of studies as well as his/her ability to solve the problems and tasks of his/her profession.

26

10.[11.] Degree examination is an oral exam and consists of Degree Thesis defence and of testing the candidate’s knowledge of the field covered by the Degree Thesis.

11.[12.] Degree examination is a public exam, taken before the Examining Board appointed by the Dean at the suggestion of the Degree Thesis Commission.

12.[13.] Degree Thesis Commission sets the dates of degree examinations, and informs about these dates the Commision members, the students, and the Faculty Enrolment Office.

Graduate studies end by taking the pprofessional exam before the Examining Board appointed by the Dean. Professional exam can be taken after all the student obligations have been fulfilled, including six-month professional training for pharmacists. The student who meets the following requirements can access the final examination:

he or she studied at the Faculty for at least two years,

he or she met all the requirements of compulsory and elective forms of teaching, stipulated by the executive teaching plan,

he or she passed all the prescribed examinations and earned a minimum of 300 ECTS credits,

he or she passed the graduation examination.


Rule Book on Graduate Studies at the University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry (July 2014), Article 41:

1. Students' knowledge and skills can be checked at subject examinations and/or evaluated during the course (midterms, practical assignments, seminar papers, project assignments, etc.). The study programme may postulate that ECTS points for particular types of instruction may be also gained without marking students' performance or by its descriptive evaluation.

2. Examinations may be theoretical or practical and are taken only as written, or only as oral, or as written and oral exams, or by demonstration/presentation of a practical assignment.

3. Exams may be theoretical or practical, and are taken only in written form, only orally, or in written form and orally, or through presentation of a practical assignment.

4. Practical part of the examination can be taken separately from the theoretical part. Overall examination must be completed in not more than five working days, except for special legitimate cases.

5. Examining a student at an oral examination must not take more than 30 minutes. Written examinations can last up to 120 minutes.

6. Written part of the examination can be eliminatory, except when the examination is taken before the examining board.

7. Students are entitled to access to marked written examination papers.

8. Examinations are free of charge.9. Students cannot sit more than



1. Dean, or in his absence the Vice Dean for Academic Affairs, appoints the examining board.

2. The examining board is made up of the course leader and two other members of the faculty teaching staff. One board member has to be from a different course.

3. The course leader cannot act as the board chairperson.

27

4. A student is entitled to take an exam before the examining board irrespective of his/her achievement in the written exam.

5. The decision of the examining board is made by majority vote; the examination application slip is signed by all members of the examining board.

6. Course leader enters the grade into the student’s book and signs it.

7. The board chairperson is making the records of the exam before examining board.

The grade awarded by the examining board cannot be appealed.Degree Thesis and Final Exam

Pursuant to the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Graduate Studies Rulebook (December 2008), Article 55:

[1.] Preparation of degree thesis is organized by the Degree Thesis Commission.

[2.] Degree thesis is a paper written by the student under supervision of his/her mentor at the Faculty or some other institution with scientific and research work potentials according to the Guidelines for Degree Thesis Preparation.

[3.] If the degree thesis is prepared at another institution, the Degree Thesis Commission appoints a competent person, proposed by the mentor, under whose supervision the student will complete practical part of the degree thesis at that institution.

[4.] At the degree examination, the student proves his/her competence to apply the knowledge and skills acquired in the course of studies as well as his/her ability to solve the problems and tasks of his/her profession.

[5.] Degree examination can be taken by students who have met the following requirements:

at least two years of studies at the Faculty,

satisfying all the requirements of mandatory and elective parts of the curriculum,

passing all prescribed exams and having earned

a minimum of 300 ECTS points,

degree thesis accepted by the Degree Thesis Commission.

[6.] Degree examination is an oral exam and consists of Degree Thesis defence and of testing the candidate’s knowledge of the field covered by the Degree Thesis.

[7.] Degree examination is a public exam, taken before the Examining Board appointed by the Dean at the suggestion of the Degree Thesis Commission. The examination must be completed in one day.

[8.] Degree Thesis Commission sets the dates of degree examinations, and informs about these dates the Commision members, the students, and the Faculty Enrolment Office.

[9.] Graduate studies end by taking the professional exam before the Examining Board appointed by the Dean.

[10.] Professional exam can be taken after all the student obligations have been fulfilled, including six-month professional training for pharmacists. The exam comprises a written and an oral part.

11. By passing the exam, the student has completed the course of studies and gets approval for independent professional work.


Pursuant to the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Graduate Studies Rulebook (December 2008), article 40:

[1.] Students' knowledge and skills can be checked at subject examinations and/or evaluated during the course (midterms, practical assignments, seminar papers, project assignments, etc.). The study programme may postulate that ECTS points for particular types of instruction may be also gained without marking students' performance or by its descriptive evaluation.

[2.] Examinations may be theoretical or practical and are taken only as written, or only as oral, or as written and oral exams, or by

28

demonstration/presentation of a practical assignment.

[3.] Exams may be theoretical or practical, and are taken only in written form, only orally, or in written form and orally, or through presentation of a practical assignment.

[4.] Practical part of the examination can be taken separately from the theoretical part. Overall examination must be completed in not more than five working days, except for special legitimate cases.

[5.] Examining a student at an oral examination must not take more than 30 minutes. Written examinations can last up to 120 minutes.

[6.] Written part of the examination can be eliminatory, except when the examination is taken before the examining board.

[7.] Students are entitled to access to marked written examination papers.

[8.] Examinations are free of charge.[9.] Students cannot sit more than



[1.] Dean, or in his absence the Vice Dean for Academic Affairs, appoints the examining board.

[2.] The examining board is made up of the course leader and two other members of the faculty teaching staff. One board member has to be from a different course.

[3.] The course leader cannot act as the board chairperson.

[4.] A student is entitled to take an exam before the examining board irrespective of his/her achievement in the written exam.

[5.] The decision of the examining board is made by majority vote; the examination application slip is signed by all members of the examining board.

[6.] Course leader enters the grade into the student’s book and signs it.

[7.] The board chairperson is making the records of the exam before examining board.

The grade awarded by the examining board cannot be appealed.

29

Course structure diagram – MEDICINAL BIOCHEMISTRY



1th semester

Compulsory

Introduction to Medical Biochemistry 15 0 0 0 1,5

Mathematics with Statistical Analysis 45 30 0 0 7,5

Cell Biology with Genetics 30 15 30 0 7,5

Physics 30 15 30 0 7,5

General Chemistry with Stoichiometry 60 45 30 0 11


Total elective courses: Physical Training – the student enrols for 30 sati



2th semester

Compulsory

Cytology and histology 30 15 10 0 5,5

Sociology and Healthcare 15 15 0 0 2,5

Analytical Chemistry I1 30 15 30 0 7,5

Physical Chemistry I1 30 15 30 0 7,5

Bioethics 15 5 0 0 2



30



3th semester

Compulsory

Analytical Chemistry II2 30 0 30 0 6

Physical Chemistry II2 30 15 15 0 6

Organic Chemistry 60 30 45 0 11

Biological Chemistry 30 15 15 0 6





4th semester

Compulsory

Physiology with Human Anatomy 60 45 0 0 9

Microbiology with Parasitology 60 0 30 0 8

Biochemistry 60 15 45 0 10,5

Medicinal Chemistry 30 0 0 0 3,5



31



5th semester

Compulsory

Pathophysiology and Pathology 60 30 0 0 7,5

General Clinical Biochemistry 60 30 90 0 13,5

Hematology 1I 30 5 25 0 5

Physical Biochemistry 30 20 10 0 5


Elective

Biological Membranes and Cell Signalling isation 15 15 0 0 2,5

Physical Chemistry Methods in Biomedical Research 15 0 15 0 2,5

Health Ecology Environmental Health 15 0 0 0 1,5

Modern Biochemical Techniques 15 15 0 0 2,5

Total elective courses: 60 30 15 0 9



6th semester

Compulsory

Clinical Biochemistry of Organs and Organ Systems I1 30 15 0 0 4

Analitical Biochemistry 30 0 30 0 5

Hematology I 2I 25 15 20 0 5

Immunology 30 15 0 0 4

Molecular Biology with Genetic Engineering 30 15 30 0 6Professional Practice I1 0 0 0 30 2

Total compulsory courses: 145 45 80 30 26Spectroscopic Identification of Organic Compounds 10 10 10 0 2,5

32

Elective

Metalloproteins - Structure and Mechanism 5 10 5 0 2

Selected Methods of Instrumental Analysis 10 0 20 0 2,5

Membrane Transport of Substances and Information 15 15 0 0 2,5

Total elective courses: 40 35 35 0 9,5



7th semester

Compulsory

Elective

Humane and Population Genetics 15 5 10 0 2,5

Molecular Diagnostics 30 15 15 0 5

Coagulation 15 15 15 0 4

Clinical Biochemistry of Organ and Organ Systems II 2 30 15 30 0 6

Pharmacology 75 10 20 0 8,5

Immunochemistry 14 8 8 0 2,5

Neurochemistry 8 4 3 0 1,5

Total compulsory courses: 187 72 101 0 30Diet NutritionTherapy 15 15 0 0 2,5

Selected Topics from Applied Psychology 15 15 0 0 2,5

Communication sSkills 0 15 0 0 1,5


COURSE TOTAL HOURS

33

STATUS COURSE TITLE ECTSL S E F

8th semester

Compulsory

Nutritional Biochemistry 30 0 30 0 5

Special Areas Topicsof in Clinical Biochemistry 15 15 30 0 5Drug BiochemistryMetabolism 30 0 30 0 5Transfusiology and Immunohaematology 15 0 15 0 2,5Analytical Toxicology 30 15 15 0 5Professional Practice II2 0 0 0 60 3

Total compulsory courses: 120 45 120 60 25,5

Elective

Culturing of Cells and Cell Lines 10 10 10 0 2,5

Bioanorganic Chemistry 10 0 5 0 1,5

Free Radicals and Antioxidants in Health and Disease 15 8 7 0 2,5




9th semester

Compulsory

Biostatistics 15 15 0 0 2,5

Integrated Course of Laboratory Diagnostics Course- 0 30 0 0 2,5

Evaluation of Instruments, Procedures and Reagents Evaluation 15 15 0 0 2,5

Organization and Management of Medical Biochemistry Laboratory* 30 15 0 0 3,5

Healthcare Legislation in Laboratory Medicine* 15 0 0 0 1,5

Diploma Thesis 0 0 100 0 10

Total compulsory courses: 75 75 100 0 22,5

ElectiveLaboratory Methods in Endocrinology 15 10 5 0 2,5

Basics of Epidemiology Basics andwith Microbialological Diagnostics 15 0 15 0 2,5

34

Point of Care Testing 6 3 6 0 1,5

Complex Ggenetics 15 15 0 0 2,5

Emergency Laboratory Diagnosticsis 15 10 5 0 2,5

Rational Laboratory Diagnosticsis 10 5 0 0 1,5

Application of Radionuclides Application in Diagnostics 15 0 0 0 1,5


* Theoretical part of Professional Training for Pharmacists



10th semester

Compulsory

Professional Training 0 0 0 750 30Total compulsory courses: 750 30


L – lectures; S – seminars; E – experimental work; F – field classes

35

PhD PROGRAMME IN "PHARMACEUTICAL-BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES"


Upon completion of the PhD programme in "Pharmaceutical-Biochemical Sciences" and defence of the PhD thesis, students acquire the academic degree of Doctor of Science (Doctor of Philosophy, PhD), scientific field Biomedicine and Health.


The goal of PhD programme is to prepare independent, creative scientists to excel in academia, the pharmaceutical industry and other research institutions.

PhD studies in "Pharmaceutical-Biochemical Sciences" of the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, are organized in two modules: Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medical-Biochemical Sciences. PhD studies are structured and run as full-time or part-time study courses.

The programme is intended for pharmacists, medical biochemists and other professionals in the field of Biomedicine and Health and the field of Natural Sciences.

Doctoral studies last 3-4 years for full-time and 6-8 years for part-time students, during which time a minimum of 180 ECTS credits have to be earned. The studies comprise A) organized lectures (basic, modular, methodological and elective courses) and B) active engagement in research. PhD studies end by taking an exam, favourable assessment of research activities, award of a passing grade and defence of the PhD thesis. Courses are divided in 4 ECTS credit point groups:

Credit point groups of courses

ECTS

1. Basic courses 42. Modular courses 103. Methodological courses 44. Elective courses 18

The remaining required ECTS points (144 ECTS points) can be acquired through different forms of compulsory and elective scientific activities.


Upon completion of postgraduate studies in "Pharmaceutical-Biochemical Sciences", students may continue education within postdoctoral training at different universities and scientific institutions in Croatia and abroad.

Tuition and fees

The tuition fee, extra costs of postgraduate studies as well as the conditions and method of payment are determined by the Faculty.

Doctoral thesis

Postgraduate PhD studies end with the preparation and defence of the PhD thesis.

The PhD is the product of intensive research at the doctoral level, distinguished by its deeper, more comprehensive, professional and scholarly treatment of the subject. The PhD thesis is expected to represent independent and original research in the field of the candidate’s postgraduate study. It must add to understanding in the candidate’s field. The project must be of sufficient difficulty and depth to test the candidate’s ability to carry out research independently, and it should show a mastery of the skills needed for such research.

36

POSTGRADUATE SPECIALIST STUDIES


Postgraduate specialist studies at the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, are structured and run as separate studies of one (2 semesters) or two (4 semesters) years duration or as a mandatory part of a health specialization.The studies are a form of continuing education, or life-long learning, for pharmacists, medical biochemists and related professions.

Programmes of postgraduate specialist studies are harmonized with the European system of point transfer, in which the total point value of course contents taken amounts to 60-120 ECTS.

Starting from academic year 2010./2011. the following postgraduate specialist study courses are offered at the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry: Dermatopharmacy and Cosmetology, Drug Development, Phytopharmacy with Dietotherapy, Clinical Pharmacy, Toxicology, Molecular Diagnostics, Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, and Farmacogenomics: a novel approach to therapy optimization.

Tuition fees

Tuition fees are paid by students themselves or with support of a government institution, legal or physical entity that has referred them to the Faculty.

The amount of the fee, tuition fee for foreign students, extra costs of postgraduate specialist studies, the manner and terms of payment are determined by the Faculty.

Specialist degree thesis

Postgraduate specialist studies end by students' writing and defending a specialist degree thesis, an independent paper proving that the candidate has acquired specialized professional knowledge required for highly professional jobs.


Upon completion of studies, the Faculty issues a diploma and awards the academic degree of master of a profession or part of profession corresponding to the study program.

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DESCRIPTION OF INDIVIDUAL COURSES – MASTER OF PHARMACY PROGRAMME

INTRODUCTION TO PHARMACYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 1st yearSemester: 1Number of ECTS points: 1Lecturers: Associate Professor Sanda Vladimir-Knežević, Assistant Professor Renata Jurišić Grubešić, Associate Professor Željka VanićAim of course: The aim of course is to learn the main characteristics of pharmaceutical science and practice, what is an occupation of contemporary pharmacy that is a structure of pharmacy studying, various possibilities of professional activities in a health system, development of experimental method and nomenclature, as well as notices about professional moral and ethics.Prerequisite: entrance examination passed at the Faculty of Pharmacy and BiochemistryCourse content:Allegoric review of Pharmacy and mythology in pharmacy. Creative power of pharmacy and unusual biographies. Goethe and pharmacy. About pharmacy essence and pharmaceutical chart of Europe. Chemistry and pharmacy. The pharmacist and science. Pharmacopetal science and Nobel prices. Pharmaceutical literature and library. Pharmaceutical, media, and medical information and data circulation. Information in chemistry and drug nomenclature. Pharmaceutical metrology, laboratory work and quality assurance. Observation as an origin of knowledge, experiment and scientific conclusion. Pharmacist as health educator. Pharmacotherapy for non-professionals. Ask about your medicines. Ethics, deontology, and citizens. Introduction to medicines and pharmacology. Anatomic Therapeutic Chemical classification, pharmacy laws, patent and the trademarks. Finished product packaging. The pharmacy and its equipment. Drug manufacture, dosage forms, routes of administration and containers. Pharmaceutical terms and graphy. Women in pharmacy.Literature:1. V. Grdinić, Uvod u farmaciju, drugo izdanje, Vlastita naklada, Zagreb, 2004.

2. V. Grdinić, Rječnik mjeriteljstva u kontroli kakvoće lijekova, Hrvatsko farmaceutsko društvo, Zagreb, 1994. [poseban dodatak u Farmaceutskom glasniku]3. Zakon o lijekovima i medicinskim proizvodima, Narodne novine, 121/03.4. V. Grdinić, Hrvatsko farmakopejsko nazivlje: prinosi za hrvatsku jezičnu normu i kodifikaciju u ljekopisu, Hrvatski zavod za kontrolu lijekova, Zagreb, 1995.5. V. Grdinić, J. Vuković, Uvod u farmaceutsku etiku, deontologiju i praksu, Fotosoft, Zagreb, 2000.6. Standard terms: Pharmaceutical dosage forms, Routes of administration, Containers, European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines [EDQM], Council of Europe, Strasbourg, 2002. [V. Grdinić, L. Stefanini Orešić: hrvatski stupac].7. S. Babić, V. Grdinić, Prijedlog za rješenje nedoumica u kemijskome nazivlju, Jezik, 2002, 49(1), 19-31.8. Hrvatska matica lijekova [ur. Laila Stefanini Orešić], Ministarstvo zdravstva RH, Zagreb, 1997.Teaching manner: lecturesAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian

MATHEMATICS WITH STATISTICAL ANALYSISCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 1st yearSemester: 1Number of ECTS points: 7,5Lecturer: Assistant Professor Ljiljana ArambašićJuraj ŠiftarAim of course: Basic principles of mathematical logic and functional analysis needed to understand and solve typical problems in physics, chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacy.Prerequisite: entrance examination passed at the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry-Course content: Lectures:The function of one variable: basic terms and general characteristics. Basic elementary functions. Elementary functions describing molecular potential, molecular motions, chemical and enzymatic kinetics, radioactive decay. Limit and differential of a function. Meaning of the differential in physical-chemical processes. Derivatives of functions, analytical and geometrical interpretation. Investigating functions with the aid of first and second

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derivatives. Application of derivatives to the analysis of chemical balance, velocity of chemical and biochemical reactions, Taylor’s and Maclaurin’s series: application to molecular potential functions and to linearization of physical-chemical equilibrium problems. Integral calculus: general rules of integration, indefinite and definite integrals. Application of integrals: arc length, area under the function. Differential equations. Equations of the first order, linear equations, differential equations of the second order. Application of differential equations in kinetics, kinematics, photometry, radioactivity. Basic probability concept. Descriptive statistics. Discrete and continuos statistical distributions: binomal, Poisson, normal. Estimation. Sampling theory. Hypothesis testing. One-sample hypothesis testing. Statistical hypothesis testing for two independent samples. Parametric statistical tests: chi-square test, z-test, F-test, t-test. Non-parametric statistical testing. Correlation. Simple linear regression.Seminars:Solving relevant lectures and applied problems.Literature:1. B. Apsen; Riješeni zadaci iz više matematike, I,II,III, Školska knjiga, Zagreb2. D. Javor, Uvod u matematičku analizu, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1991.5. A. Borzan i autori, Riješeni zadaci iz više matematike I, II, III, Školska knjiga, Zagreb4. .D. Bakić: Matematika za biologe, http://web.math.hr/~bakic/teach.html1. L. Krnić, Z. Šikić, Račun diferencijalni i integralni (I part), Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1992.2. S. Kurepa, Matematička analiza, I and II part, Školska knjiga, Zagreb 1990.3. B. P. Demidovič, Zadaci i riješeni primjeri iz više matematike, Tehnička knjiga, Zagreb4. D. Javor, Uvod u matematičku analizu, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1991.5. A. Borzan i autori, Riješeni zadaci iz više matematike I, II, III, Školska knjiga, ZagrebTeaching Teaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian

CELL BIOLOGY WITH GENETICS

Course status: obligatory courseStudy year: 1st yearSemester: 1Number of ECTS points: 7.5Lecturer: Full Assistant Professor Jasna SorićAna-Marija DomijanAim of course: The course addresses general and specific principles of cellular biology and basic principles, theories and mechanisms of heredity. It begins by looking at the evolution of the cell and then progresses to the chemistry, anatomy and physiology of intracellular compartments. Commonly used techniques in cell biology will be introduced both in laboratory work and in lectures.Prerequisite: entrance examination passed at the Faculty of Pharmacy and BiochemistryCourse content: Lectures:Cell evolution: from the molecule to the first cell; from prokaryotic cell to the eukaryotic cell. Cell nucleus: eukaryotic DNA is packaged into chromosomes; chromosome structure. Membrane structure und function: the lipid bilayer; membrane proteins. Principles of membrane transport: carrier proteins and active transport; ion channels and the membrane potential. Intracellular compartments and transport: protein sorting; vesicular transport; secretory pathways; endocytic pathways. Energy generation: mitochondria and oxidative phosphorylation; chloroplasts and photosynthesis. Cytoskeleton: intermediate filaments; microtubules; cilia and flagella; actin filaments. Cell-cycle control and cell death: cell-cycle control system; programmed cell death (apoptosis).Seminars:Introduction to the cell: microscope; cell culture; cell fractionation. Cell division: mitosis; cytokinesis. Sexual reproduction: the benefits of sex; meiosis; fertilization. Mendel and idea of gene: monohybrid and dihybrid crossing; laws of inheritance. Chromosomal basis of heredity: Chromosomal theory of heredity: Morgan and Drosophila; linkage genes. Chromosomal basis of recombination: recombination of nonlinkage genes: independent assortment; recombination of linkage genes: crossing over. Sex chromosomes and sex linkage. Chromosomal aberrations: variation in chromosomal

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structure; variation in chromosomal number. Human genetics.Laboratory:Cells under the microscope; Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; Cell membrane; Intracellular compartments; Mitochondria and chloroplasts; Mitosis; Meiosis; Nucleus in interphase: polythene chromosomes; Shape and structure of eukaryotic chromosomes.Literature:1. Alberts B., Bray D., Hopkin K., Jonson A., Raff M., Roberts K., Walter P. Essencial cell biology, second edition, GS Garland Science, Taylot & Francis Group, New York, 2004.2. Sorić J.: Cell biology: Laboratory 2004/2005. (Internal script)3. Sorić J: Cell biology with genetics, lectures (internal script on CD)4. Cooper, G.M., Hausman, R.E. Stanica, molekularni pristup, third edition, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2004.5. Alberts, B., Bray D., Lewis J., Raff M., Roberts K., Watson J.D. Molecular biology of the cell, third edition, Garland publishing, New York & London, 2002.6.http:// gened . emc . maricopa . edu /bio/ bio181/BIOBK/ BioBookTOC .html 7. http://esg-www.mit.edu:8001/esgbio/chapters.htmlTeaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

GENERAL CHEMISTRY AND STOICHIOMETRY Course status: obligatory courseStudy year: 1st yearSemester: 11Number of ECTS points:Lecturer: Full Assistent Professor Mladen BirušMario Gabričević, Assistant Professor Ana BudimirAim of course: Students learn the following subjects: 1. Chemical calculation (Stoichiometry), 2. Chemical structure, 3. Chemical bonds, 4. Coordination compounds, 5. Intermolecular forces and bonds, 6. Solutions and their properties, 7. Colour of inorganic compounds, 8. Electrochemistry.Prerequisites: General Chemistry and Stoichiometry I: entrance examination passed at the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry.

General Chemistry and Stoichiometry II: enrolment requirements for this subject – General Chemistry and Stoichiometry I course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in General Chemistry and Stoichiometry I.-Course content: Lectures: Basic chemical laws, periodic system of chemical elements, electronic structure of the atom, bonding theories, molecule orbitales, aggregate phases of substances, intermolecular forces, chemical reactions, thermochemistry and basics of thermodynamics, rate of chemical reactions and chemical equilibrium, absorption of electromagnetic radiation in inorganic compounds, water properties, most significant inorganic compounds in living organisms. Laboratory: Labware, physical and chemical changes, transfer of chemicals, weighing, evaporation and determination of dry substances, distillation of acidic solution of cooper(II)-sulphate pentahydrate, filtration, iodine sublimation, extraction of iodine from water solution by chloroform, separation of different cations by the ring paper-chromatography, preparation of solutions, temperature dependence of solubility, structure dependence of solubility, mixing liquids with liquids, dissolution of ammonia in water, electrolytic dissociation, electric conductivity in solutions, redox reactions between sulphur and oxygen, formation and dissociation of coordination compounds, acid-base titration, dependence of reaction rate on reactant concentrations, temperature, and reactant surfaces, effect of catalyst on the reaction rate, shift of chemical equilibrium, indicators and pH measurement, copper electrolysis, Faraday constant determination, electrochemical cell – Daniel’s cell.Literature:1. Ivan Filipović i Stjepan Lipanović, „Opća i anorganska kemija, I part“, Školska knjiga, Zagreb 1987.2. Mladen Biruš, the script on the web-page of Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, www.pharma.hr3. Peter Atkins & Loreta Jones, „Chemical Principles: the quest for insight“, W. H. Freeman & Comp., New York 1999.

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http://www.pharma.hr/

http://gened.emc.maricopa.edu/bio/bio181/BIOBK/BioBookTOC.html












Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PHYSICSCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 1st yearSemester: 1Number of ECTS points: 7,5Lecturer: Associateociate Professor Krešimir SankovićAim of course: At the calculus level, to set the physical bases for understanding the structure of matter, behaviour of microscopic and macroscopic systems under the action of natural forces and force fields.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – Mathematics and Statistics courses completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examinations in Mathematics and Statistics.-Course content: Quantities that describe motion, their relations. Work, power, energy and potential. Forces and force fields in nature. Motion of particles and bodies in external force fields, mass spectrographs with electric and magnetic fields. Quanta in nature. Atomic nucleus, nuclear reactions, spontaneous radiation decay, application of radioisotopes. Physics of the multitude of particles. Ideal and real gases. Phases and phase diagrams. Physics of liquids and solutions: pressure and buoyancy, phenomena at the phase boundaries. Heat and thermal disorder. First law of thermodynamics.Transport phenomena: Motion of particles, bodies, charge and heat in the media with internal resistance in gravitational, centrifugal and electrostatic fields; diffusion, osmosis and sedimentation, electric circuits, electrophoresis. Generation, measurements and observation of steady and alternating currents and signals (oscilloscope). Electric and magnetic properties of matter, origin of electric and magnetic fields, energy in the fields, electric dipole, interaction between dipoles. Electromagnetic waves: polarization, diffraction, interference, standing waves. Sources: black body radiation, laser. Interaction of electromagnetic waves with matter: reflection, refraction, prism and

dispersion; simple optical instruments: lens (magnifier), microscope, optical grading, spectrometer elements; absorption, photoelectric effect.Literature:1. J. Herak: Osnove kemijske fizike, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, 2001.2. D. Winterhalter, A Slijepčević, A. Kuntarić and K. Kempni: Vježbe iz fizike, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1990.3. E. Bešić and J. Herak: Zbirka zadataka iz fizike, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry. Zagreb, 2003.4. F. J. Keller, WS. E. Gettys and M. J. Skove: Physics, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1999.5. F. J. Blatt: Modern Physics, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1992.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 1st yearSemester: 2Number of ECTS points: 7.5Lecturer: Full Professor Željan MalešAim of course: Basics of general and special botany, especially the study of medicinal plants.Prerequisite: entrance examination passed at the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry-Course content: Definition and content of the course. Position and importance of plants in comparison with other organisms and their pharmaceutical significance. Basic structural-functional characteristics of plants: histology and organography, morphology and anatomy of vegetative and generative organs. Plant growth, development and reproduction. Basic notions of plant physiology and geobotany. Principles of plant classification. A review of major biosystematic plant groups. Studying medicinal plants in the Pharmaceutical Botanical Garden “Fran Kušan”.Methods of botanical microscopic analysis and morphological determination of plants. Microscopic analysis of tissues of higher plants and anatomical analysis of vegetative organs. Morphological analysis of vegetative and generative organs.

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Methods of higher plants determination. Biosystematic analysis of some important plant groups.Literature:1. Ž. Maleš, Farmaceutska botanika, skripta.2. R. Domac, Flora Hrvatske: priručnik za određivanje bilja, Školska knjiga, Zagreb 1994.3. W. Schaffner, B. Häfelfinger, B. Ernst, Ljekovito bilje: kompendij, Leo-commerce, Rijeka 1999.4. D. Denffer, H. Ziegler, Udžbenik botanike za visoke škole - Morfologija i fiziologija, Školska knjiga, Zagreb 1991.5. K. Mägdefrau, F. Ehrendorfer, Udžbenik botanike za visoke škole - Sistematika, evolucija i geobotanika, Školska knjiga, Zagreb 1997.6. R. Moore, W. D. Clark, K. R. Stern, Botany, Wm. C. Brown Publishers, Dubuque 1995.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars, laboratory and fieldworkAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian

SOCIOLOGY AND HEALTH CARECourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 1st yearSemester: 2Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Associateistant Professor Živka JuričićAim of course: The aim of this course is to train the future pharmacist for his/her professional and social/supraindividual role by offering him/her an insight into the wider social context that encompasses human health and illness.Prerequisite: entrance examination passed at the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry: -Course content: Lectures:Social concept and the context of health and illness (the individual and social importance of health, value driven substance of health; changes in the meaning of health; illness as a social construct; symptoms of illness as social constructs; “disease”, “illness” and “sickness”; how social defining of health and illness can establish its credentials in relation to natural sciences where the subject is man). Philosophic origins and main constitutive principles of biomedical paradigm (biologism; positivism; pathologism, mechanicism reductionalism; dualism of body and

soul; dualism of health and illness; theory of specific aetiology of illness; dominant status of biomedical paradigm in modern society; “non-profitability” of biomedical approach in healing the so-called illness of modern civilization). Social role of the patient (the role of the patient leads to commutation of roles; patient’s rights; patient’s duties; “good” and “bad” patient; illness as a metaphor; illness as an identity; morbidity and mortality transition; discourse on the meaning and possibilities of sick-leaves in the conditions of developed capitalism and increasing “flexibilization” of the workforce). Modern society and the “Health Hunt” (“the culture of pain-killers”; the health imperative; health as goods that can be bought like any other merchandise at the market; health becomes “the property of only those people who have earned it”). Medicalization and iatrogenesis (society permeated by medicalization; social iatrogenesis; clinical iatrogenesis; cultural iatrogenesis; crisis of the biomedical paradigm of health and illness). Lay conceptualization of health (pain and its psychological dimensions; pain as a bio-social phenomenon; sociocultural variations and expressions of pain; professional acknowledgment of pain/symptoms). Health Care (organization as a system; open system; theory of action; power in the system of executing health care; bureaucratization; rationalization; negotiation; team work; professional autonomy and the power of health-care professional groups in the health care system).Seminars:The life-style: sociocultural defining of the patient’s behaviour (empiric research). Differences in the perception of health in relation to the socio-economic status (empiric research). Dimensions of patient stigmatization: HIV and cancer cases (empiric research). Analysis of the status of anorexia nervosa as a syndrome of Western culture (empiric research). Discussion about pain: lay explanatory models (empiric research). Medicalization: cases of menopause and dyslexia (empiric research). Socio-demographic characteristics of the patient as determinants of patient satisfaction with medical care (empiric research). Paternalism and the patient’s autonomy (empiric research).

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Literature:1. Staničić, Ž. (2005) Sociologija zdravlja i bolesti. Basic concepts, script.2. Bond, J. And Bond, S. (2003) Sociology and Health Care. Second Edition, Churchill, Livingstone.3. Taylor, S. And Field, D. (eds.) (2003) Sociology of Health and Health Care, Third Edition, Blackwell Publishing.4. White, K. (2002) Introduction to the Sociology of Health and Illness. SAGE Publications, London.Thousand Oaks. New York.5. Williams, S.J., Gabe, J. and Calnan, M. (eds.) (2000) Health, Medicine and Society. Key Theories, Future and Agendas. Routledge. Taylor and Fransis Group. London and New York.6. Glanz, K. Lewis, F.M. and Rimer, B.K. (eds.) (1997) Health Behaviour and Health Education. Theory, Research, and Practice, Second Edition, Jossey-Bass. A Wiley Company.Teaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY I1 and II2Course status: obligatory courseStudy years: 1st and 2nd yearSemester: 2 and 3Number of ECTS points: 7.5 + 6 = 13.5Lecturers: Full Professor Nikola Kujundžić, Full Professor Svjetlana Luterotti, Assistant Professor Suzana InićAim of course: The course is aimed at introducing the students to the theoretical principles and importance of chemical analysis and its application in chemical identification, characterization, separation and quantitative analysis.Prerequisites:Enrolment: To enrol for the course Analytical Chemistry II students must have a certified attendance record for Analytical Chemistry 1.Exam: To take the exam in Analytical Chemistry I1 students must have passed the exam in General Chemistry with Stochiometry; to take the exam in Analytical Chemistry II 2 it is necessary to pass Analytical Chemistry I1.Course content: Lectures:The role of chemical analysis, analytical process and methods, sample and sampling, types of chemical reactions.

Performance characteristics of analytical procedures; sensitivity, selectivity. Analytical application of protolytic, complex-forming, redox and luminescence reactions. Homogeneous, heterogeneous and complex equilibrium in chemical analysis, masking and demasking. Theoretical principles of separations. Principles and analytical application of solvent extraction, ion exchange, methods on capillary supports and chromatographic methods. Basic principles of quantitative analysis, errors in chemical analysis. Principles of gravimetric analysis, characteristics of precipitates and reagents for precipitation, calculation of the result. Titrimetric methods of analysis, standard solutions, titration curves, methods of precipitation, neutralimetric, redox, complexometric titrations, non-aqueous titrations.Seminars:Selective precipitation/dissolution. Characteristic/selective reactions. Analytical calculating of chemical equilibrium, simple, complex. Data analysis and evaluation of the result of the quantitative analysis.Laboratory:Systematic analysis and microidentification of inorganic and organic ions. Chemical identification of functional groups in organic compounds. Treatment and analysis of the solid sample. Separation of mixture of cations/anions by selective precipitation/dissolution, by ionic exchange on the column and by solvent extraction. Separation and identification of organic compounds by thin layer chromatography. Gravimetric analysis. Volumetric analysis (precipitation, complexometric, neutralimetric, redox).Literature:1. D. A. Skoog, D. M. West and F. J. Holler: Osnove analitičke kemije, 6th edition in English, 1st edition in Croatian, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1999.2. R. Kellner, J.-M. Mermet, M. Otto and H. M. Widmer (ur.): Analytical Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998.3. F. W. Fifield and D. Kealey: Principles and Practice of Analytical Chemistry, 5th edition, Blackwell Science, Oxford 2000.4. M. Valcárcel: Principles of Analytical Chemistry, A textbook, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 2000.5. Z. Šoljić: Kvalitativna kemijska analiza anorganskih tvari, Faculty of Chemical

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Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 2003.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY I1 and II2Course status: obligatory courseStudy year: 1st and 2nd yearSemester: 2 and 3Number of ECTS points: 7.5 + 6 = 13.5Lecturers: Associate Professor Stanko Uršić, Assistant Professor Viktor PilepićAim of course: The aim of the course should be to acquire, to a reasonable extent, the basic knowledge of physical chemistry as the discipline that establishes and develops the principles used in explanation and interpretation of observations in other branches of chemistry. The approach involves fundamentals of modern physical chemistry methods and instrumentation. Integrating everything mentioned, students should be able to participate in the relevant interdisciplinary physical chemistry research or analytical work in pharmacy and medicinal biochemistry.Prerequisites:Enrolment: to enrol for the course Physical Chemistry II2 students must have passed the exam in Physics and have a certifed attendance record for Physical Chemistry I1.Exam: to take the exam in Physical Chemistry I1 students must have passed the exam in General Chemistry with Stochiometry; to take the exam in Physical Chemistry II2 it is necessary to pass the exam in Physical Chemistry I1 and Mathematics with Statistical Analysis.Course content: Lectures:Comprise discussion about the properties and structure of physical chemistry systems and analysis of the dynamics of transformations starting from the basic insights into thermodynamics, spectroscopy, kinetics, electrochemistry and colloidal chemistry. The approach, though standard in the catalogue of pertaining items, should be adapted to and correspond with the requirements encountered in the graduate study course of pharmacy and medicinal biochemistry. This holds for the study of

thermodynamic concepts and laws and the corresponding applications in pharmacy and medicinal biochemistry, as well as for the fundamentals of spectroscopy, kinetics, electrochemistry and colloidal chemistry.Seminars:Following the above approach, seminar work comprises solving numerical examples and problems related to the content and requirements of the lectures.Laboratory:Determination of the heats of chemical reactions, coagulation of the colloidal system, adsorption, determination of the relative molar masses from cryoscopic measurements, determination of reaction rate constants, potentiometric titration, pH determination, titration and applications, conductimetric titration, amperometric titration, use and measurement of optical rotation.Literature:1. P.W. Atkins, Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press 2002. (or edition from 1998; the earlier editions could be also used)2. A. T. Florence and D. Attwood, Physicochemical Principles of Pharmacy, Macmillan 1994.3. R.S. Berry, S.A. Rice and J. Ross, Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press 2000.4. A. Martin, P. Bustamante, A. H. C. Chun (Illustrator), Physical Pharmacy: Physical Chemistry Principles in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4 ed., Lea & Febiger, 1993.5. M. M. Amiji, B. J. Sandmann (Editors), Applied Physical Pharmacy, McGraw-Hill, 2002.6. D. H. Everett, Basic Principles of Colloid Science, the Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge 1994.7. R. A. Williams, Editor, Colloid and Surface Engineering, Applications in the process industries, Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd., Oxford, 1994.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral exam

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Course status: obligatory courseStudy years: 2nd yearSemester: 3Number of ECTS points: 11.5Lecturers: Full Professor Olga Kronja, Associate Full Professor Valerije Vrček,

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Assistant Professor Sandra Jurić, Assistant Professor Bernard DenegriAim of course: The course aim is to teach students, applying a mechanistic approach, the properties and reactivity of basic organic structures, basic strategies of organic synthesis, and basic synthetic methods in a laboratory.Prerequisites:Enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in General Chemistry and Stoichiometry course.Exam: none.Course content: The fundamental thesis of the molecular structure of organic compounds is introduced first to enable students to better comprehend the aim of the course, and to give them the basis for understanding the theory and laboratory practice. The subject matter is distributed over the compounds that react similarly (similar bond breaking and bond forming processes). At the very beginning, students are informed about the relation between molecular structure and reactivity. General features of organic reactions are introduced with the group of carbonyl compounds. Carbonyl groups are an integral part of many (bio)organic compounds, which makes the role of organic chemistry more evident. These groups are polar and therefore suitable for an extensive mechanistic study of bond making/breaking processes. Also, understanding of polar reactions involving other groups of compounds. Besides nucleophilic addition and substitution reactions of carbonyl compounds, nucleophilic substitution reactions at saturated carbon are presented. Nucleophilic/electrophilic properties of carbonyl compounds are presented in the chemistry of alpha-carbanion compounds, elimination reactions and electrophilic additions are presented in the chemistry of alkenes and alkynes, while electrophilic substitutions are presented on aromatic compounds. Polycyclic and heterocyclic compounds are also covered, while the strategy of organic synthesis is considered at the end of the course.Literature:1. Organska kemija, Stanley H. Pine (translated by I. Bregovec and V. Rapić), Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1994.

2. Praktikum preparativne organske kemije, O. Kronja and S. Borčić, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 2004.3. Organic Chemistry, T. Graham Solomon, C. B. Fryhle, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2004.4. Organic Chemistry, J. McMurry, Brooks/Cole Pub. Co., 2003.5. Organic Chemistry, A Modern Perspective, D.E. Lewis, A Times Mirror Company, 1996.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 2nd yearSemester: 3Number of ECTS points: 3.5Lecturer: Associate Associate Professor Jerka DumićSanja Dabelić BelamarićAim of course: Get students acquainted with the molecular arsenal, structure, function, and organisation of living matter. Recognise the chemical logic of bioprocesses and gain laboratory experience in studying biomolecules.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Cell Biology with Genetics; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in General Chemistry with StochiometryCourse content: Chemical elements of living matter. Properties of water. C-compounds and functional groups. Biological macromolecules: directionality, modular architecture, conformational dynamics, information, complementariness, hierarchical organisation, non-covalent interactions. Amino acids: ionisation properties. Peptides. Proteins: classification, four levels of structural organization, the role of disulfide bridges, solubility, sequencing. Nucleic acids (nucleotides, structures of nucleic acids, double helix, recombinant DNA). Lipids and membranes (fatty acids, complex lipids, structure and function of membranes). Carbohydrates, glycolconjugates and glycocalyx. Energetics of life (Metastability of open system. Gibbs energy and energy coupling. Group transfer potential and ATP). Reversible and irreversible reactions. Reduction potential. Gradients

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and transmembrane trafficking. Enzyme catalysis and controlled reaction rates (Transition state and activation energy. Recognition and catalytic sites: specificity and rate enhancement. Coenzymes. Steady state kinetics. Inhibition; alosteric effectors; isoenzymes; covalent modifications; nonprotein biocatalysts). Vitamins. Hormones. Experimental study of specific biomolecular properties and structure.Literature:1. M. Flögel et al., "Uvod u Biokemiju", Scripta Biochemica, FBF, 2001, ISBN 953-6256-23-12. M. Flögel et al., "Biokemijski praktikum I", Scripta Biochemica, FBF, 2001. ISBN 953-6256-12-63. G.M. Cooper, Stanica, molekularni pristup, 2. chapter: Stanična kemija, Medicinska naklada Zagreb 20044. J.M.Berg, J.L.Tymoczko, L. Stryer, Biochemistry, 5. edition, Part I (Chapters 1-13) Freeman, New York, 2001.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in EnglishTeaching language: Croatian

PHYSICAL EDUCATIONCourse status: obligatory courseStudy years: 1st and 2nd yearSemester: 1, 2, 3 and 4Coordinator of practical education: Senior Lecturer Tihomir Vidreanski Drago Vujević, PhDAim of course: Imparting information about physical education for the well-being, work, creating and adaptive capability necessary for the human way of living.Course content: The course content developed on the basis of the influence of physical education on personality changes and treating the individual as an integral bio-psychosocial complex contains: basic program which is obligatory for the 1st and 2nd year students according to the following criteria - interest and motivation of student in a specific kinesiology area and level of motoric information, sex, and financial means; extra-curriculum activities – sport teams representing the Faculty at University championships.Literature:

1. Available literature assessing the effects of physical activity on human health preservation and in therapeutic purposesTeaching manner: seminars and physical activitesTeaching language: Croatian

MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY Course status: obligatory courseStudy year: 2nd yearSemester: 4Number of ECTS points: 8Lecturers: Assistant Professor Ivan Kosalec, Assistant Professor Maja Šegvić KlarićAim of course: The program covers the basics of bacteriology, immunology, virusology and parasitology. The objectives include: studying morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of microorganisms, antigen structure, production and mechanism of antibiotics activity, as well as infectivity, immunological response and pathogenesis of pathogen species of bacteria, fungi and parasites.Prerequisites:Enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Cell Biology with GeneticsExam: noneCourse content: The basic course content includes taxonomy, biology (physiology, biochemistry and genetics of microorganisms), antibiosis (production of antibiotics and mechanisms of their action), immunology (cellular and humeral immunity), pathogenic, virulent and antigenic characteristics of aerobic and anaerobic, Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria, mycoplasms, viruses and fungi, as well as classification and life cycles of parasites. Through lectures and seminars students will learn about sterility control, serological diagnostics, vaccines production and characteristics, hospital infections, prevention of professional diseases, diagnostics and prevention of bacterial and fungal infections.Literature:1. E. Jawetz, J.L. Melnick, E.A. Adelberg: Pregled medicinske mikrobiologije, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1980.2. S. Kalenić, E. Mlinarić-Missoni: Medicinska bakteriologija i mikologija, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2001.

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3. N. Kučišec-Tepeš: Specijalna bakteriologija i odabrana poglavlja iz mikrobiologije, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1994.4. B. Richter: Medicinska parazitologija, Merkur A.B.D., Zagreb, 2002.5. S. Duraković: Opća mikrobiologija, PTI - Zagreb, 1996.6. H. Weisglass: Medicinska bakteriologija, Jumena, Zagreb, 1989.7. B. Kršnjavi: Medicinska parazitologija, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1987.8. T. Naglić, D. Hajsig, J. Madić, Lj. Pinter: Praktikum opće mikrobiologije i imunologije, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1992.9. L. Ožegović, S. Pepeljnjak: Mikotoksikoze, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1995.10. Z. Brudnjak: Medicinska virologija, Jug. Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 1984.11. M. Prescott, J.P. Harley, D.A. Klein: Microbiology, Wm. C. Brown Publ., Dubuque, Iowa, 1993.12. E. W. Koneman, S.D. Allen, W.M. Janda, P.C. Schreckenberger, W.C. Winn, Jr.: Diagnostic Microbiology, Lippincott-Raven Publ., Philadelphia, 1997.13. V. Presečki et al.: Virologija, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2002.Teaching manner: lectures and laboratoryAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian, teaching also possible in English

PHYSIOLOGY AND HUMAN ANATOMY Course status: obligatory courseStudy year: 2st yearSemester: 4Number of ECTS points: 9Number of ECTS points: Lecturer: Associateistant Professor Danica Galešić Ljubanović, Assistant Professor Stela BulimbašićAim of course: Anatomy and function of tissues, organs and the entire body. Explanation why anatomy and function are connected and which regulatory mechanisms sustain the normal body function.Prerequisites:Enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Cell Biology with Genetics.Exam: none.Course content: Body organization, nomenclature, transmembrane traffic, membranous receptors, membranous and action

potentials, main tissues, skin, skeletal system, basic muscle anatomy, mechanism of muscle contraction, heart and circulatory system, blood, blood pressure, haematopoiesis, cell proliferation factors, haemostasis, blood groups, lymphatic system, basic immunology, respiratory system, urinary system, urine, digestive system, food digestion and absorption, liver and pancreas anatomy and function, regulation of body temperature, vitamins, nervous system, neurotransmitters, eye, ear, endocrine system, reproductive system, pregnancy and lactation, basic embryology.Literature:1. Guyton AC, Hall JE. Medicinska fiziologija, 10th edition, Medicinska naklada. Zagreb, 2003.2. Keros P, Pećina M, Ivančić-Košuta M. Temelji anatomije čovjeka. Naprijed, Zagreb, 1999.3. Junquera LC, Carnerio J, Kelley RO. Osnove histologije. Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1999.4. Sadler TW. Langmanova medicinska embriologija, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1996.Teaching manner: lectures and, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

BIOCHEMISTRY Course status: obligatory courseStudy years: 2nd yearSemester: 4 Number of ECTS points: 8.5Lecturers: Full Professor Tihana Žanić Grubišić, Full Professor Karmela Barišić, Associate Full Professor Lada RumoraAim of course: Introduction to the molecular logic of biochemical reactions in living organisms.Program covers the synthesis and degradation of biomacromolecules: proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids. Special emphasis is laid on the regulation and control of metabolic reactions within the cell.Prerequisites:Enrolment requirements for this subject – Biological Chemistry course completed; Exam: passed examination in Biological Chemistry.Course content: Dynamic aspects of the structure and function for special proteins:

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haemoglobin, myoglobin, collagen, elastin, and extracellular matrix proteins. Cell membranes in different tissues: transport of ions, amino acids, and sugars. Transducing and storing of metabolic energy - basic concept and design. Glycolysis, oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, the citric acid cycle. Cell bioenergetics, ATP cycle, respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation. Gluconeogenesis and pentose monophosphate pathway. Glycogen metabolism – glycogenesis and glycogenolysis and hormone regulation. Lipid metabolism: biosynthesis and degradation of triglycerides: fatty acids: - oxidation and biosynthesis, glycerophosphatides, cholesterol and steroid lipids. Amino acid degradation, urea cycle. Biosynthesis of macromolecular precursors, amino acids, hem, ribonucleotides, deoxyribonucleotides. Information in biological systems: DNA – genetic role, structure, genome organisation, chromosomes, genes. Organisation of DNA, histones. DNA conformation. Replication and reliability of the process. Mutations and corrections. RNA and genetic message translation. Synthesis and modification of functional RNA molecules: mRNA and transcription, t-RNA, activation and role in protein synthesis, structure of ribosomes, r- RNA. Genetic code and gene to protein relation. Protein synthesis. Control of gene expression in prokaryotes - Lac-operon and Trp - operon. Chromosomes in eukaryotes and control of gene expression. Introns and exons. Integration of metabolism – global regulation of biochemical processes within the cell – control strategies.Literature:1. L. Stryer: Biokemija, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1991.2. JM Berg, JL Tymoczko, L. Stryer: Biochemistry, fifth edition, Freeman, New York, 2002.3. TM Devlin: Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlation, J. Wiley & sons, New York, 2003.4. K. Saltsman, J. Berg, G. Tomaselli: A Clinical Companion to Accompany Biochemistry, Freeman, New York, 2002.5. C. Smith, AD Marks: MMarks' basic Medical Biochemistry, A Clinical Approach. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2005.


PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy years 3rd yearSemester: 5Number of ECTS points: 7.5Lecturer: Associate Professor Milan Kujundžić, Assistant Professor Ivica GrgurevićAim of course: The aim of the course is to present the basics of modern pathophysiology, starting from the cause of disease, pathogenesis, clinical status, and sometimes a short reference to therapy.Prerequisites:Enrolment requirements for this subject – Physiology and Human Anatomy course and Microbiology with Parasitology course completed.Exam: passed examination in Physiology and Human Anatomy.Course content: Basics of pathophysiology. Pathophysiology of blood and blood-forming organs. Pathophysiology of the immune system. Pathophysiology of the kidney. Pathophysiology of the gastroenterological system. Pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system. Pathophysiology of the respiratory system. Pathophysiology of endocrine glands. Pathophysiology of metabolism disorders. Major pathophysiological processes in the nervous system. Basics of pathology. Basics of working with patients and conducting clinical interviews.Literature:1. M. Kujundžić et al., Klinička patofiziologija, FBF Zagreb, 2003.2. B. Vrhovac et al., Interna medicina (3. and extended edition), Medicinska naklada Zagreb, 2003.3. S. Gamulin et al., Patofiziologija, Medicinska naklada Zagreb, 2002.4. S.L. Robins, Osnove patologije, Školska knjiga, 1994. and later editions.Teaching manner: lectures and , seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian, teaching also possible in English

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PHARMACOGNOSY I1 and II2Course status: obligatory courseStudy year: 2nd and 3rd yearSemester: 4 and 5Number of ECTS points: 7.5 + 6 = 13.5Lecturer: Full Professor Zdenka Kalođera, Associate Professor Sanda Vladimir-Knežević, Associate Professor Marijana Zovko KončićAim of course: Acquisition of knowledge of the chemistry of biologically active substances of medicinal plant species. Understanding of the biogenesis and activity of substances and the use of drugs, i.e., isolated compounds. Acquisition of knowledge about the most important drugs according to chemical systematics.Prerequisites:Pharmacognosy I: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Pharmaceutical Botany; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Analitical Chemistry I.Pharmacognosy II: enrolment requirements for this subject – Pharmacognosy I course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Pharmacognosy I.Course content: Lectures:Biologically active substances (primary and secondary metabolism): characteristics, biosynthesis, distribution in the plant word, chemical and physical qualities; methods of demonstration and determination of the contents of biologically active substances in drugs. Groups of biologically active substances: monosaccharides, polysaccharides, lipids, sterols (phytosterols), sesquiterpenes, sesquiterpenic lactones, iridoids, terpenes, essential oils, phenolic acid, phenolic heterosides, flavonoids, coumarins, antocyanins (antocyanodins, proantocyanidins), cyanogenic heterosides, thioheterosides, anthracenic derivates, tannins, saponins, cardiotonic heterosides, alkaloids.According to the chemical systematics of drugs, the following are treated: drugs with inorganic compounds, drugs with inulin, drugs with hemicellulose, drugs with mucous, fats, oils, waxes, drugs with essential oils, resin and balms, drugs with flavonoids, saponins, coumarins, antraglycosides, cardiotonic

glycosides, drugs with sulphur (thioethers and thioheterosides), drugs with tannins, drugs with alkaloids. Animal drugs.Laboratory:Qualitative and quantitative analyses of biologically active substances in the drugs are carried out ( Ph.Eur.IV): determination of the essential oil content, testing the quality of essential oil components, identification of phenol glycoside and phenol acids, determination of arbutin and methylarbutin contents, identification of anthracenic compounds, determination of anthracenic compounds contents, identification of tannins, determination of tannins contents, determination of alkaloids of, identification of flavonoids and determination of the contents of flavonoids. Practicals also involve macroscopic and microscopic investigations of the drugs, histochemical responses to given groups of active substances in drugs and analysis of tea mixtures (species).Literature:1. J. Bruneton: Pharmacognosy; Phytochemistry; Medicinal Plants 2nd edition, 1999.2. R. Hansel, O. Sticher: Pharmakognosie – Phytopharmazie, 7. Auflage, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York, 2004.3. K. Toplak Galle: Hrvatsko ljekovito bilje, Mozaik Knjiga, Zagreb, 2001.4. W. Schafner, B. Hafelfinger, B. Ernst: Ljekovito bilje – Kompendij, Leo Commerce, Rijeka 1999.5. R.C. Wren, F.L.S.: Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, The C.W. Daniel Company Limited, 1994.6. H. Wagner: Pharmazeutische Biologie, 2. Drogen und ihre Inhaltsstoffe, 5., neubearbeitete Auflage, Gustav Fischer Verlag-Stuttgart-New York -1992.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PHARMACEUTICAL MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY I1 and II2Course status: obligatory courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 5 and 6Number of ECTS points: 9 + 5 = 14

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Lecturer: Assistant Professor Zrinka Rajić Džolić, Full Professor Marica Medić-Šarić, Full Professor Branka ZorcAim of course: Lectures will be focused on chemical and stereochemical features of drug substances. Special attention will be paid to physicochemical properties, pharmacological activity, mechanism of action and pharmacokinetic properties of each therapeutic group. Each drug will be presented by its chemical and generic name, structure and synthesis. Emphasis will be laid on application, destiny in human body, distribution, excretion, side effects, tolerance and drug-drug interactions.Prerequisites:Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry I1: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Organic Chemistry; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry II2: enrolment requirements for this subject – Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry I1 course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry 1I.Course content:Drugs acting on the gastrointestinal tract (Acids, Antiacids, H2-Antihistamines, Adsorbents, Laxatives), Alkaloses, Acidoses. Antidotes. Calcium and Calcium Salts. Iron and Iron Salts. Antipruritics. Plasma Expanders (Dextran, Hydroxyethyl starch, Gelatine). Diagnostics. Antiseptics, Alcohols. Drugs for the treatment of urinary infections (Nitrofuran Derivatives, Nalidixic Acid). Quinolines and Analogues (Gyrase Inhibitors). Cytostatics (Alcylating Agents, Antimetabolites, Cyclophosphamide, Azathioprine, Cytostatically Active Antibiotics, Hormones and Hormone Antagonists, Miscellaneous Cytostatics, Radioactive Isotopes). Antiviral Drugs (Amantadine, Tromantadine, Antimetabolites, Interferon). Sulphonamides, Sulphones. Antibiotics: β-Lactam Antibiotics (Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Monobactams, Carbapenems), Chloramphenicol, Tetracyclines, Aminoglycosides (Streptomycin group, Neomycin group, Kanamycin-Gentamycin group, Spectinomycin), Lincosamides (Lincomycin, Clindamycin), Macrolides (Erytromycin group, Azithromycin), Polypeptide Antibiotics (Bacitracin,

Polymyxin B, Colistin-Polymyxin E, Tyrothricin), Glycopeptides (Vancomycin, Teicoplanin). Tuberculostatics (Primary Drug: Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Ethambutol; Second Drug: Protionamid, p-Aminosalicylic Acid-PAS, Cycloserine, Capreomycin). Antifungal Drugs. Antiprotozoics (Cestodes, Nematodes, Trematodes). Anthelmintics. Antimalarial Drugs (Quinine, Quinidine and Derivatives, Proguanil, Pyrimethamine). Drugs affecting the central nervous system: General anesthetics, Local anesthetics, Hypnotics, Analgesics (+ Anti-inflammatory drugs), Antiepileptics, Analeptics, Antiparkinsonian drugs, Psychoactive drugs. Drugs affecting the peripheral nervous system: Sympathomimetics, Sympatholytics, Para sympathomimetics, Spasmolytics, Muscle relaxants, Drugs affecting ganglia. Antianginals. Antihypertensive drugs. Cardiac glycosides. Antiarrhythmics. Lipid regulating agents. Diuretics. Hormones and hormone antagonists. Antihistamines. Vitamins. Anticoagulants. Prostaglandins. Uricosuric drugs. Antiemetics. Immunosuppressants. Antipsoriatic drugs. Expectorants.Seminars:Theoretical preparation for laboratory work; detailed overview of specific drug substances from Medicinal Chemistry (physicochemical properties, structure, stereochemistry, synthesis, pharmacological effect and adverse effects, doses, application routes, drugs on the market, drug destiny in human body, structural analogues). Active participation of students in seminars.Laboratory:Synthesis, isolation, purification of specific drug substances from Medicinal Chemistry. Selected examples: acetylsalicylic acid, ascorbic acid, azithromycin, bismuth subgallate, dicoumarol, phenytoin, hydrochlorothiazide, calcium carbonate, caffeine, sodium iodide, nicotinamide, pyridoxine, sulphafurazole.Literature:1. E. Mutschler, H. Derendorf, Drug Actions, Medpharm Scientific Publishers, Stuttgart, 1995; ISBN 3-88763-021-1 (Medpharm), ISBN 0-8493-7774-9 (CRC Press)2. W. O. Foye, T. L. Lemke, D. A. Williams, Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, 5th ed.,

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Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia 1995, ISBN 0-683-03323-9.3. C. G. Wermuth (Ed.), The Practice of Medicinal Chemistry, Academic Press, San Diego,1996, ISBN 0-12-744640-0.4. New Drugs, J. Freely, Ed., BMJ Publishing Group, London, 1994; ISBN 0 7279 0821 9.5. G. L. Patrick, An Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry, Oxford University Press, 1995; ISBN 0 19 855872 4 (Hbk), ISBN 0 19 855871 6 (Pbk).6. R. M. Julien, A Premier of Drug Action, 7th Edition, W. H. Freeman and Company, NewYork, 1996; ISBN 0 7167 2388 3 (hard cover), ISBN 0 7167 2619 X.7. B. Zorc, Farmaceutska kemija - odabrana poglavlja, Farmaceutsko-biokemijski fakultet, Zagreb, 2001; ISBN 953-6256-32-0.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

SELECTED METHODS OF INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSISCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3nd yearSemester: 6.Number of ECTS points: 2,5Lecturers: Full Professor Nikola Kujundžić, Full Professor Svjetlana LuterottiAim of course: The course aim is to teach the basic principles of spectroscopic, electrochemical and thermal methods of analysis as well as their application.Prerequisites: Enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Analytical Chemistry II.Exam: none.Course content:Lectures:Theory and application of spectroscopic, electrochemical and thermal methods of analysis in the general analytical and modern medical practice. Spectroscopic methods, introduction, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, atomic-absorption (emission) spectroscopy. Electrochemical methods, introduction, electrogravimetry, ion-selective electrodes. Thermal methods, introduction, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry.

Laboratory:Quantitative analyses of inorganic/organic analytes in simple samples, pharmaceutical or complex biological samples by the use of: electrogravimetry, potentiometric titration, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, atomic-absorption (emission) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry.Literature:1. D. A. Skoog, D. M. West and F. J. Holler: Osnove analitičke kemije, 6th edition in English, 1. edition in Croatian, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1999.2. J. Havas: Ion- and Molecule-Selective Electrodes in Biological Systems, Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 1985.3. R. D. Beaty and J. D. Kerber: Concepts, Instrumentation and Techniques in Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, Perkin Elmer Inc., Shelton, CT, 2002.4. P. Atkins and J. De Paula: Atkins' Physical Chemistry, 7th edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2002.5. D. E. Lewis, Organic Chemistry – A Modern Perspective – Preliminary Version, Wm. C. Brown Publishes, Dubuque, 1996.6. J. Olmsted III and G. M. Williams: Chemistry - The Molecular Science, Mosby, St. Louis, 1994.7. J. L. Ford and P. Timmins, Pharmaceutical Thermal Analysis – Techniques and Applications, Ellis Horwood, Chichester, 1989.8. R. Kellner, J-M Mermet, M. Otto and H. M. Widmer (editors): Analytical Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998.9. F. W. Fifield and D. Kealey: Principles and Practice of Analytical Chemistry, 5th edition, Blackwell Science, Oxford, 2000.10. M. Valcárcel: Principles of Analytical Chemistry, A textbook, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 2000.Teaching manner: lectures and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCHCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3nd yearSemester: 5.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturers: Associate Professor Stanko Uršić, Assistant Professor Viktor Pilepić

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Aim of course: The aim of the course is an advanced approach to physical chemistry and its methods starting from the model problem of the interaction of vitamin C and a toxin in solution and a colloidal system. The approach integrates applications of kinetic and thermodynamic methods and spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, NMR and ESR techniques.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Physical Chemistry II; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:Lectures:An advanced course of the methods in physical chemistry involving thermodynamic and kinetic methods, UV, IR, NMR and ESR spectroscopies. Basic approach to the study of reaction mechanisms.Laboratory:A model exercise that integrates application of all the mentioned physical chemistry methods and techniques to investigate the interaction of vitamin C with a toxin in solution and in a colloidal system.Literature:1. P.W.Atkins, Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press 2002. (Ed. 1998., earlier editions allowed)2. A. T. Florence and D. Attwood, Physicochemical Principles of Pharmacy, Macmillan 1994.3. N. Isaacs, Physical Organic Chemistry, Pearson-Prentice Hall (Longman), Edinburgh 1995.4. M. B. Davies, J. Austin, D. A. Partridge, Vitamin C: Its Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge 1991.5. Stanko Uršić, Valerije Vrček, Danijel Ljubas, Ivana Vinković, "Interaction of L-ascorbate with substituted nitrosobenzenes. Role of the ascorbate 2-OH group in antioxidant reactions" In: New J. Chem., (1998), 21, 221-223 (paper)6. T.H.Lowry and K.S. Richardson, Mechanism and Theory in Organic Chemisrty, HarperCollins Publishers, 1987.7. R.S. Berry, S.A. Rice and J. Ross, Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press 2000.8. R. A. Williams, Editor, Colloid and Surface Engineering, Applications in the

process industries, Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd., Oxford, 1994.Teaching manner: lectures and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian

HEALTH ECOLOGYCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3nd yearSemester: 5.Number of ECTS points: 1,5Lecturer: Full Professor Irena Vedrina-DragojevićAim of course: Introduction to health ecology as a part of ecological sciences, endangered environmental elements and human influence. Dependence of population on the impact of environmental factors on health.Prerequisite: noneCourse content: Definition of ecology, classification, terminology. Concept of sustainable development. Food chain contaminants – influence on human health. Health aspects of ecology. Ecological concepts of health. Ecological toxicants and risk assessments. Health criteria: primary and secondary standards. Environmental factors and health. Physical factors (micro- and macroclimatic), mechanical energy (noise, vibrations), radiation energy (ionic and nonionic radiation). Chemical environmental factors: metals and non-metals. Heavy metals (lead, cadmium, mercury). Microelements as contaminants. Agents used in agriculture and stock breeding as food chain contaminants – residues of pesticides and herbicides, antibiotics, hormones and veterinary preparations. Food additives and their influence on health. Impact of technological processes, processing conditions and storage on food quality (biogenic amines, mycotoxins). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitrosamines – development in natural processes and through human impact. Consumer goods as potential hazard to human health (dishes, packaging as integral part of foods, toys, cosmetics, cleaning agents). Phthalates (vinyl-softeners), use (toys, medical equipment) – cancerogenity, toxicity, human exposure, risk assessments. Carcinogens in nutrition and professional environment. Silicosis, asbestosis, skin cancer. Smoking and cancer.

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Literature:1. Valić, F. et al., Zdravstvena ekologija, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2001.2. Đikić, D. et al., Ekološki leksikon, glavni urednik Springer, O.P, Zagreb, Barbat, Ministarstvo okoliša i prostornog uređenja RH, 2001.3. Matas, M., Simončić, V., Šobot, S.: Zaštita okoline danas za sutra, Školska knjiga, Zagreb 1993.4. Environmental Health Criteria: World Health Organization publikacije5. Technical Report Series: World Health Organization publications6. Toxicants and Undesirable Food Constituents; Zapsalis, C., Beck, R.A.: Food Chemistry and Nutritional Biochemistry, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1985.7. Scientific and professional articles in Croatian and foreign journalsTeaching manner: lecturesAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

HISTORY OF PHARMACYCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3st yearSemester: 6.Number of ECTS points: 1.5Lecturer: Senior research scientist Snježana Paušek-Baždar, PhDAim of course: By getting to know the history of knowledge in the natural sciences that have been of extreme importance for the development of pharmacy, students will gain insight into how significant the ways of discovering natural, physical, and chemical laws were for the development of pharmacology through the centuries. An understanding of the development of the natural sciences and the importance of their theories and principles in the determination of the properties, analysis, and synthesis of newly discovered compounds will offer insight into the great significance of interdisciplinary research for the study of nature in the past and in the present as well.Prerequisite: none.Course content: The history of natural science, which is of the utmost importance for the development of pharmacology, is intimately linked to the development of civilization in general. This course covers the discoveries of the first written prescriptions (clay tablets, donkey skin,

papyrus) for the distillation of plants, the first substances used for healing, and the principle of similia similibus curatur is interpreted with the beginnings of organotherapy in the time of the first civilizations. The accomplishments of the Babylonians, Assyrians, and Sumerions in healing with plants. The significance of Ebers’ papyrus for Egyptian pharmacy. The importance of Greek natural philosophy: Aristotle’s and Theophrastus’ systematization of plants, Hippocrates’ foundation of humorism, based on four elements (humors) and healing via four pharmacological groups. The contribution of Alexandrian science, especially with respect to polypharmacy (miridatium and theriac). Along with the contributions of Erasistratus, Celsius, and Galen, particular attention is given to Dioscurides (1st century), the author of the first pharmacopeia, which was printed during the Renaissance (1478) and which was the basis of European pharmacopeias. After a short overview of Indian, Chinese, Arabic, and finally European alchemy, it will be shown how alchemical preparations (herbal-metal, metal-metal) and new substances were used in medical treatment. After the development of monasterial pharmacy, the Salernitan Medical School (later University) was founded. This was the first time that pharmacy was treated as a separate field of study from medicine. The “Salernitan Edict” (1240) will be interpreted. Through the contribution of the renaissance scholars, particularly Paracelsus, Agricola, Libavius, van Helmont, and Glauber, as well as the establishment of iatrochemistry, students will learn about the importance of the introduction of minerals (orally) to medical treatment. During the Enlightenment, the course will focus on the importance of phlogiston theory in the discovery of gases, new elements, and compounds. The toppling of the vitalist theory (vis vitalis, 1828) and the development of organic chemistry and biochemistry marked the beginning of the “golden age of pharmacy”. Attention is given to ways of discovering principles of analysis and synthesis of organic-chemical and natural compounds, and their significance in the preparation of medicines. Finally, the course will cover the meaning of words and symbols that are of importance to the history of pharmacy (Far-Maki, Hygieia, Panacea,

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Asu, Asipu, Asklepie, Asklepiadi, arcane, hospital, iatrika, infirmary, etc.) The course also includes a short overview of the history of Croatian pharmacy.Literature:1. M. Baigent i R. Leigh, Eliksir i kamen, Stari grad, Zagreb, 2000.2. L. Glesinger, Povijest medicine, ŠK, Zagreb, 1978.3. D. Grdenić, Povijest kemije, ŠK i Novi Liber, Zagreb, 2001.4. V. Grdinić, Ljekarništvo na tlu Hrvatske, MH, Zagreb, 1996.5. S. Paušek-Baždar, Flogistonska teorija u Hrvata, HAZU, Zagreb, 1994.6. S. Paušek-Baždar, Paracelsus, Hrestomatija filozofije, sv. 3, ŠK, Zagreb, 1996.7. I. Asimov, A Short History of Biology, London, 1978.8. J. Bronowski, Porijeklo znanja i imaginacije, Zagreb, 1978.9. V. Grdinić, Ilustrirana povijest hrvatskog ljekarništva, Zagreb, 1997.10. B.P. Medawar, Introduction and intuition in Scientific thought, London, 1969.11. J. R. Partington, A History of Chemistry, Vol. IV, London, 1964.Teaching manner: lecturesAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

SELECTED TOPICS FROM APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY Course status: elective courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 5Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Associate Professor Ilija ŽivkovićAim of course: Inform students about several fields of applied psychology to get an insight into basic areas of applied psychology, learn what psychologists do and how they can collaborate with them in their future professional work.Prerequisites: none.Course content: Psychology of the individual: individual differences and abilities; emotions and emotional intelligence; perception and states of consciousness, self-esteem development, evolutionary interpretation of sexual differences, parenthood and parenting styles.Psychology and education: factors that affect learning and approaches to

learning; overcoming learning difficulties; lifelong learning.Teaching manner: lecturesAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian

SPECTROSCOPIC IDENTIFICATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDSCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 6.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturers: Full Professor Olga KronjaAim of course: Understanding of the basis of spectroscopic methods (NMR, IR, CD, UV-VIS, MS) and practical use of these instrumental techniques in solving the structural and dynamic properties of bioactive compounds (i.e. steroids, vitamins, drugs).Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Organic Chemistry; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:Combined application of spectroscopic methods in organic chemistry and biochemistry is an important approach in characterization of structure and dynamic properties of (bio)organic compounds. Fundamentals and practical use of mass spectrometry, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR spectroscopy in detection of (bio)organic compounds, in determining their structures and their rearrangment pathways, and in defining their portion in complex mixtures and biological materials (blood, urine). The nature of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with molecules will be explained in more details which will enable students to apply spectroscopic methods in other region of electromagnetic spectrum (microwaves, vacuum-UV). Along with identification and characterization of (bio)organic compounds, the use of especially NMR spectroscopy in analyzing of dynamic processes (i.e. conformation change, rearrangements) will be presented. Spectroscopic methods enable to accumulate and analyze kinetic parameters which gives better insight into mechanism of these processes. This is important for understanding of (bio)transformation of organic compounds.Literature:1. Spectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds, R. M. Silverstein, C. G.

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Bassler, T. C. Morrill, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, 1974.2. Organska kemija, Stanley H. Pine (translated by I. Bregovec and V. Rapić), Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1994.3. Tablice za određivanje strukture organskih spojeva spektroskopskim metodama, E. Pretsch i drugi (translated by Z. Meić i M. Žinić), SKTH/Kemija u industriji, Zagreb, 1982.4. Basic One- and Two-Dimensional NMR Spectroscopy, H. Friebolin, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PHARMACY INFORMATICSCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 5.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Associate Professor Renata Jurišić Grubešić, PhDAim of course: Teach students about medicines so that they can provide correct information in that field. Course program covers topics on medicines that students need for provision of adequate drug information to patients, general public and all people involved in providing health care.Prerequisite: noneCourse content: Pharmacists' role and tasks in the modern health care system. Standardization in health informatics; Good Pharmacy Practice. Official, independent and commercial sources of drug information. Primary, secondary and tertiary sources of drug information. Internet in pharmaceutical and medical sciences and professions; Scientific information in health care. Information systems in health care; Medical classifications; information about medicines. Information systems in pharmacy; Special programs for pharmacy business; E-prescriptions. Description of terms and concepts essential for adequate information on medicines. Goals of information technology and automation in health care. Extention of the scope of pharmacy practice – extra services.Literature:

1. I. Vukušić, Kako smanjiti potrošnju lijekova, Farm. Glas., 60(3)98-106(2004)2. I. Vukušić, Zašto lijekovi samo u ljekarne i zašto ljekarne samo u vlasništvu farmaceuta, Farm. Glas., 60(1)15-17(2004)3. D. Štimac, I. Vukušić, J. Čulig, Lj. Vranešić, Izvanbolnička potrošnja lijekova u gradu Zagrebu u 2002. i 2003. godini, Pharmaca 42(3-4)174-189(2004)4. D. Erceg, I. Vukušić, J. Čulig, Z. Šostar, Obaviještenost bolesnika o lijekovima, Pharmaca 42(2)87-94(2004);5. Zakon o lijekovima i medicinskim proizvodima, Narodne Novine broj 121/03, www.cybermed.hr6. Guidelines for ATC classification and DDD assignment, WHO Colaborating Centre for Drug Statistics Methodology, www.whocc.no7. Good Pharmacy Practice in Europe, 1996., www.pgeu.org8. Adherence to Long-Term Therapies: Evidence for Action, Section I (Chapter 1-3), www.who.int/chronic_conditions/adherencereport/en/print.html9. F. Verheyen et. al.: Edukacija pacijenata – kako komunicirati s pacijentima, Farm.Glas.,54(11)389 – 395(1998).10. Pravilnik o dobroj proizvođačkoj praksi, Narodne Novine broj 71/99; www.emea.eu.int 11. Pharmaceuticals in the European Union, www.emea.eu.int; www.dg3.eudra.org Teaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian

METALLOPROTEINS – STRUCTURE AND MECHANISMCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 6.Number of ECTS points: 2Lecturers: Assistant Professor Mario GabričevićAim of course: To introduce different mechanisms (oxido-reductive, transport and complexation) of the reactions of metalloproteins and to demonstrate the complexity of their reactions (within seminars).Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Biochemistry and General Chemistry and Stoichiometry.

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Course content:It is a problem-oriented course. Students should acquire knowledge about different types of metalloproteins and their role in living organisms. Also, different methods of metalloproteins research will be introduced in lectures. Students will learn about Fluorescence, UV-Vis and Stopped-flow/Rapid Scan Spectrophotometry and use of kinetic and thermodynamic data for specific problems in the mechanisms of metalloproteins.Each student will have to prepare a presentation on a particular metalloprotein, focused on structure and mechanism. The presentation will have to cover the last 3-4 years of scientific research on the chosen metalloprotein and is expected to last at least half-an-hour.In the laboratory, students will run experiments of the complexation of Fe(III) ion with metalloprotein transferrin using the Stopped-flow/RapidScan UV-Vis and Stopped-flow/RapidScan Fluorescence Spectrophotometry as complementary methods. They will investigate the influence of temperature, pH, ionic strength, concentration of reactants and concentration of exogenous anions (HCO3-, H2PO4-, citrate, NTA, etc.) on the rate of complexation on C- and N-terminal ends of transferrin. Based on the results, they will propose the mechanism of complexation.Literature:1. Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Joseph R. Lakowicz, Second Edition, 1999. – selected chapters2. Handbook on Metalloproteins, editors: I. Bertini, A. Siegel, H. Siegel, 2001. – selected chaptersTeaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

MODER BIOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUESCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 5.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturers: Full Professor Jerka Dumić Belamarić, PhDAim of course: Learn the theoretical bases, applications and limitations of

modern biochemical and molecular-biological methods and procedures, understand the principles of modern biochemical and molecular-biological procedures and methods, learn how to select the appropriate method for collecting experimental data, know the scope and limitations of the selected bioanalytical method, interpret data obtained using the selected bioanalytical method.Conditions:Enrolment conditions: passed exam in Biological Chemistry and a certified attendance record of BiochemistryExam conditions: passed exam in Analytical Chemistry II and BiochemistryCourse contents:Analysis and quantification of biomolecules, Sources and preparation of biological material/Cell and tissue cultures. Sedimentation methods. Chromatographic methods. Electrophoretic methods. Electrochemical methods. Immunochemical methods. Modern methods of DNA analysis. Spectroscopic methods. Result analysis and presentation. Bioanalytical approach from the aspect of diagnostics, research and pharmacy. Recommended literature: 1. J. Dumić et al. Analytical biochemstry Powerpoint presentations (as part of e-course)2.Practical skills in biomolecular sciences, R. H. Reed, J. D. B. Weyers, A. M. Jones, Addison Wesley Logman Ltd. 2nd ed., 2003, ISBN: 0-130-45142-8.Teaching methods: theoretical, problem solving and practicalGrading methods: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching in English is possible.

PHARMACEUTICS Course status: obligatory courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 5 Number of ECTS points: 3.5 Lecturers: Full Professor Jelena Filipović-Grčić, Associate Professor Anita HafnerAim of course: The course concerns the application of basic pharmaceutical sciences in the understanding of drug discovery and development. Prerequisite:

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Enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Physical Chemistry II2.Pharmaceutics II: none.Course content:Lectures will centre on physical properties of materials and how these can affect dosage forms of different types. Students will be encouraged to consider the ways in which physicochemical information can be obtained and how it can be used to design better products. The course concludes with discussions on drug product stability, in-depth biopharmaceutics, followed by an introduction to pharmacokinetics. The course will focus on: Powder systems (solids) - the importance of particle size, granulation, particle size analysis, surface area measurement. Implications of a drug characteristics on the development of a suitable drug delivery system. Colligative properties of solutions in pharmaceutical systems. Interfacial phenomena in the development of pharmaceutical products. Disperse system phenomena in the development of pharmaceutical products. Rheological principles in the development of pharmaceutical products. Modes of drug degradation, and methods to calculate the rate of drug degradation. Methods of stabilization of drug products, and estimation of products shelf life. Evaluation and utilization of physical and chemical data on drugs and vehicles for the selection and appropriate preparation of dosage forms. Literature:1. I. Jalšenjak, V. Jalšenjak, J. Filipović-Grčić, Farmaceutika, Školska knjiga, Zagreb 1998.2. G.L. Amidon, M. Bermejo, Modern Biopharmaceutics, Version 6, Computer based training software. TSRL Inc., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 2003.3. L. Lachman, H.A. Lieberman, J.L. Kanig, The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, Philadelphia, 1976.4. H. Sucker, P. Fuchs, P. Speiser, Pharmazeutische technologie, Stuttgart, 1978.5. J.T. Carsensen, Pharmaceutics of Solids and Solid Dosage Forms, New York – London, 1977.Teaching manner: lectures and, seminars and laboratory

Assesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

BIOPHARMACY WITH PHARMACOKINETICSCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 6Number of ECTS points: 5 Lecturers: Full Professor Jelena Filipović-Grčić, Associate Professor Anita HafnerAim of course: The course concerns physiological processes responsible for the absorption, distribution and elimination of drugs in drug formulations.Prerequisite: Enrolment requirements for this subject: Pharmaceutics course completedExam: passed examination in PharmaceuticsCourse content:Factors affecting the Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion of drugs in various dosage forms administered by different routes will be discussed. Drawing valid, objective conclusions from tabulated and graphic data obtained from student laboratory exercises, lecture material, or pharmaceutical literature. Computer based training software “The Modern Biopharmaceutics“ will be used to provide a modern visual presentation of information and calculations.Literature: 5. J.T. Carsensen, Pharmaceutics of Solids and Solid Dosage Forms, New York – London, 1977.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written exam

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY WITH GENETIC ENGINEERINGCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 6Number of ECTS points: 6Lecturers: Assiociatestant Professor Gordana Maravić Vlahoviček, Full Professor Gordan LaucAim of course: To introduce students to the theoretical basis and practical applications of molecular biology and genetic engineering.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Biochemistry; conditions for taking an

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examination in this subject – passed examination in Microbiology with Parasitology.Course content:Organization and sequences of cell genomes: genome size, non-coding DNA, chromosome organization. Maintenance and rearrangements of genomic DNA: DNA damage and repair, SOS response, site specific recombination, mobile genetic elements. Methods in molecular biology: PCR, DNA sequencing, SSCP, FISH, DNA microchip, Southern, Northern and Western blot, ELISA. Recombinant DNA technology: isolation and labelling of nucleic acids, enzymes, vectors and cloning strategies, recombinant vector construction, introducing DNA into host cell, production of recombinant proteins, gene libraries, mutagenesis, gene inactivation, anti-sense DNA and RNA. Advanced genetic engineering technologies: transgenic plants and animals, cloning of entire organisms, GMO, transgenic technology in functional genomics, development of new drugs and therapies. Protein sorting and transport: secretory pathway, signal sequences, endoplasmic reticulum, protein folding and processing, Golgi apparatus, vesicular transport, lysosomes. Cytoskeleton and cell movement: structure and organization of cytoskeletal fibres, cell movement. Cell cycle: phases, check points, regulation and regulatory molecules of cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and fertilization, stem cells and maintenance of mature tissue. Cell signalling: types of signal molecules and receptors, signal pathways, regulation of apoptosis. Viruses: genetic material, size, morphology, classification, replication, viroids, prions. Cancer: development and causes of cancer, tumour viruses, oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes, applications of molecular biology to cancer prevention and treatment.Literature:1. G. Maravić, G. Lauc, J. Dumić. CD with lecture’s contents2. Cooper, G.M. and Hausman, R.E. Stanica – molekularni pristup, Zagreb, Medicinska Naklada, 2004.3. Nicholl, D. S. T. An introduction to genetic engineering, 2nd ed., Cambridge Univeristy Press, 2003.4. Maravić, G., Lauc, G., Dumić, J., Dabelić, S., Šupraha, S., Gornik, O., Marcelić, T. Molekularna biologija –

praktikum, Scripta biochemica, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, 2004., ISBN 953-6256-45-4.5. Cox and Sincler: Molekularna biologija, Zagreb, Medicinska Naklada, 2001.6. Primrose, S.B., Twyman, R.M. and Old, R.W., Principles of Gene Manipulation, 6th ed., Blackwell Science, 2003.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 6Number of ECTS points: 5Lecturers: Full Full Professor Irena Vedrina-DragojevićAim of course: Introduction to nutritive importance, interactions and bioavailability of food ingredients; influence of diet on biochemical assays to evaluate nutritive- and health-status of the organism.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Biochemistry; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:Basics of healthy nutrition. Protein and amino acid requirements, bioavailability, enzyme inhibitors, essential amino acid blocking mechanisms and biological activation of reaction products, limiting amino acid deficiency correction, biological value of proteins and biochemical parameters of nutritive status, protein malnutrition, relations between nutritive and inflammatory factors. Determination of biochemical parameters. Acute-phase reactants. Prognostic inflammatory nutritive index PINI. Carbohydrates – significance, requirements, sources. Physiological importance of dietary fibers; influence on glycaemic index. Lipids – requirements, composition and origins, biochemical importance of essential fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Pathophysiological disorders due to deficiency in nutrition. Advantages of Mediterranean nutrition. Minerals; macro- and trace-elements; biochemical functions, sources, requirements, bioavailability, accumulation, toxicity. Vitamins; alimentary sources, biotransformations, transport

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mechanisms, bioavailability, biochemical functions. Biochemical parameters for vitamin status, avitaminosis, hyper- and hypovitaminosis assessments. Target populations. Biochemical assays for nutritive and health-status determinations. Influence of diet and food ingredients on the results of biochemical assays.Laboratory: Introduction to the principles and methods of determining biologically active and toxic components of foods. Determination of vitamins and provitamins - carotenes, ascorbic acid, thiamine, riboflavin. Determination of amino acids in food - tryptophan. Determination of toxic metals in water and biological samples - mercury.Literature:1. Brody T.: Nutritional Biochemistry, Academic press, Inc., New York, London, 1999.2. Combs G. F. Jr.: The vitamins: Fundamental aspects in nutrition and health, Academic press, Inc., New York, London, 1999.3. Lecture handouts4. Machlin L. J.: Handbook of vitamins; Nutritional, biochemical and clinical aspects,Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, Basel, 1984.5. Belitz D., Grosch W.: Food chemistry (2. ed.) Springer Verlag, Berlin, New York, 1987.6. Zapsalis C., Beck R. A.: Food chemistry and nutritional biochemistry, J. Wiley et Sons, New York, 1985.7. Friedman M.: Nutritional and toxicological significance of enzyme inhibitors in foods, Plenum press, New York, London, 1986.8. Relevant articles in scientific journalsTeaching manner: lectures and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY WITH HAEMATOLOGYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 6Number of ECTS points: 6Lecturers: Associate FullProfessor József Petrik, Associate istant Professor Roberta PetlevskiAim of course: The curriculum of clinical biochemistry with hematology

covers the fundamentals of chemical, biochemical and biological procedures for examining the composition of biological fluids and tissues, and morphological characteristics of blood cells to identify changes occurring during physiological and pathological processes in human body.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Biochemistry and Patophysiology and Pathology course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Physiology and Human Anatomy.Course content:Fundamentals of the work in a medical biochemistry laboratory: present state and prospects of clinical biochemistry; Test materials, measures and units, techniques, instruments and automation; Work control, methods of determination, reference intervals, analytical interferences and biologic effects of drugs. Water, electrolytes and microelements: distribution and regulation of water and electrolytes in body fluids, disorders, methods. Acid-base balance: definitions and parameters of acid-base balance, mechanisms of acid-base balance maintenance, disorders, methods of determination. Qualitative and quantitative urine analyses. Proteins: serum proteins – formation, degradation, function, protein types – methods, disorders. Nitrogen metabolites: methods of determination and disorders. Haemoglobin and metabolites: methods of determination and disorders. Carbohydrates: hormone regulation and disorders in glucose metabolism, acute and chronic complications, methods of determination. Lipids and lipoproteins: metabolism and hormone regulation, methods of determination of lipid compounds and lipoproteins, congenital and acquired disorders. Enzymes: serum enzymes, organ specific enzymes, isoenzymes, methods of determination of enzyme catalytic concentrations. Introduction into haematology: red blood cell, leukocyte and platelet function. Impairments and diseases of red blood cells, granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes and platelets.Literature:1. Juretić D, Lipovac K. Medicinska biokemija, II dopunjeno izdanje, Studij farmacije (interna skripta),

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Farmaceutsko-biokemijski fakultet, Zagreb, 2002.2. Juretić D, Lipovac K, Petrik J. Medicinska biokemija: propisi za vježbe (interna skripta), Farmaceutsko-biokemijski fakultet, Zagreb, 2003.3. Lecture handouts4. Juretić D, Petlevski R. Upisnik rezultata i provjera znanja, (interna skripta) Farmaceutsko-biokemijski fakultet, Zagreb, 2004.5. Čepelak I, Štraus B, Dodig S, Labar B. Medicinsko-biokemijske smjernice, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 20046. Štraus B. Medicinska biokemija, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 1992.7. Štraus B i sur. Analitičke tehnike u kliničkom laboratoriju, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 1997.8. Zilva JF, Pannall PR. Klinička kemija u dijagnostici i terapiji, III prerađeno izdanje, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1992.9. Flegar-Meštrić Z., Jagarinec N. i sur. Referentne vrijednosti biokemijskih i hematoloških sastojaka krvi u školske djece i adolescenata grada Zagreba, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 1997.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

SELECTED METHODS OF INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSISCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3nd yearSemester: 6.Number of ECTS points: 2,5Lecturers: Full Professor Svjetlana LuterottiAim of course: The course aim is to teach the basic principles of spectroscopic, electrochemical and thermal methods of analysis as well as their application.Prerequisites: Enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Analytical Chemistry 2.Exam: none.Course content:Lectures:Theory and application of spectroscopic, electrochemical and thermal methods of analysis in the general analytical and modern medical practice. Spectroscopic methods, introduction, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, atomic-absorption (emission) spectroscopy. Electrochemical

methods, introduction, electrogravimetry, ion-selective electrodes. Thermal methods, introduction, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry.Laboratory:Quantitative analyses of inorganic/organic analytes in simple samples, pharmaceutical or complex biological samples by the use of: electrogravimetry, potentiometric titration, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, atomic-absorption (emission) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry.Teaching manner: lectures and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCHCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3nd yearSemester: 5.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturers: Assistant Professor Viktor PilepićAim of course: The aim of the course is an advanced approach to physical chemistry and its methods starting from the model problem of the interaction of vitamin C and a toxin in solution and a colloidal system. The approach integrates applications of kinetic and thermodynamic methods and spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, NMR and ESR techniques.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Physical Chemistry 2; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:Lectures:An advanced course of the methods in physical chemistry involving thermodynamic and kinetic methods, UV, IR, NMR and ESR spectroscopies. Basic approach to the study of reaction mechanisms.Laboratory:A model exercise that integrates application of all the mentioned physical chemistry methods and techniques to investigate the interaction of vitamin C with a toxin in solution and in a colloidal system.

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Teaching manner: lectures and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTHCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3nd yearSemester: 5.Number of ECTS points: 1,5Lecturer: Assistant Professor Dubravka Vitali ČepoAim of course: Introduction to health ecology as a part of ecological sciences, endangered environmental elements and human influence. Dependence of population on the impact of environmental factors on health.Prerequisite: noneCourse content: Definition of ecology, classification, terminology. Concept of sustainable development. Food chain contaminants – influence on human health. Health aspects of ecology. Ecological concepts of health. Ecological toxicants and risk assessments. Health criteria: primary and secondary standards. Environmental factors and health. Physical factors (micro- and macroclimatic), mechanical energy (noise, vibrations), radiation energy (ionic and nonionic radiation). Chemical environmental factors: metals and non-metals. Heavy metals (lead, cadmium, mercury). Microelements as contaminants. Agents used in agriculture and stock breeding as food chain contaminants – residues of pesticides and herbicides, antibiotics, hormones and veterinary preparations. Food additives and their influence on health. Impact of technological processes, processing conditions and storage on food quality (biogenic amines, mycotoxins). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitrosamines – development in natural processes and through human impact. Consumer goods as potential hazard to human health (dishes, packaging as integral part of foods, toys, cosmetics, cleaning agents). Phthalates (vinyl-softeners), use (toys, medical equipment) – cancerogenity, toxicity, human exposure, risk assessments. Carcinogens in nutrition and professional environment. Silicosis, asbestosis, skin cancer. Smoking and cancer.Teaching manner: lecturesAssesment: oral exam

Teaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

HISTORY OF PHARMACYCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3st yearSemester: 6.Number of ECTS points: 1.5Lecturer: Assistant Professor Suzana InićAim of course: By getting to know the history of knowledge in the natural sciences that have been of extreme importance for the development of pharmacy, students will gain insight into how significant the ways of discovering natural, physical, and chemical laws were for the development of pharmacology through the centuries. An understanding of the development of the natural sciences and the importance of their theories and principles in the determination of the properties, analysis, and synthesis of newly discovered compounds will offer insight into the great significance of interdisciplinary research for the study of nature in the past and in the present as well.Prerequisite: none.Course content: The history of natural science, which is of the utmost importance for the development of pharmacology, is intimately linked to the development of civilization in general. This course covers the discoveries of the first written prescriptions (clay tablets, donkey skin, papyrus) for the distillation of plants, the first substances used for healing, and the principle of similia similibus curatur is interpreted with the beginnings of organotherapy in the time of the first civilizations. The accomplishments of the Babylonians, Assyrians, and Sumerions in healing with plants. The significance of Ebers’ papyrus for Egyptian pharmacy. The importance of Greek natural philosophy: Aristotle’s and Theophrastus’ systematization of plants, Hippocrates’ foundation of humorism, based on four elements (humors) and healing via four pharmacological groups. The contribution of Alexandrian science, especially with respect to polypharmacy (miridatium and theriac). Along with the contributions of Erasistratus, Celsius, and Galen, particular attention is given to Dioscurides (1st century), the author of the first pharmacopeia, which was printed during the Renaissance (1478)

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and which was the basis of European pharmacopeias. After a short overview of Indian, Chinese, Arabic, and finally European alchemy, it will be shown how alchemical preparations (herbal-metal, metal-metal) and new substances were used in medical treatment. After the development of monasterial pharmacy, the Salernitan Medical School (later University) was founded. This was the first time that pharmacy was treated as a separate field of study from medicine. The “Salernitan Edict” (1240) will be interpreted. Through the contribution of the renaissance scholars, particularly Paracelsus, Agricola, Libavius, van Helmont, and Glauber, as well as the establishment of iatrochemistry, students will learn about the importance of the introduction of minerals (orally) to medical treatment. During the Enlightenment, the course will focus on the importance of phlogiston theory in the discovery of gases, new elements, and compounds. The toppling of the vitalist theory (vis vitalis, 1828) and the development of organic chemistry and biochemistry marked the beginning of the “golden age of pharmacy”. Attention is given to ways of discovering principles of analysis and synthesis of organic-chemical and natural compounds, and their significance in the preparation of medicines. Finally, the course will cover the meaning of words and symbols that are of importance to the history of pharmacy (Far-Maki, Hygieia, Panacea, Asu, Asipu, Asklepie, Asklepiadi, arcane, hospital, iatrika, infirmary, etc.) The course also includes a short overview of the history of Croatian pharmacy.Teaching manner: lecturesAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

SELECTED TOPICS FROM APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY Course status: elective courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 5Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: -Aim of course: Inform students about several fields of applied psychology to get an insight into basic areas of applied psychology, learn what psychologists do and how they can collaborate with them in their future professional work.Prerequisites: none.

Course content: Psychology of the individual: individual differences and abilities; emotions and emotional intelligence; perception and states of consciousness, self-esteem development, evolutionary interpretation of sexual differences, parenthood and parenting styles.Psychology and education: factors that affect learning and approaches to learning; overcoming learning difficulties; lifelong learning.Teaching manner: lecturesAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian

SPECTROSCOPIC IDENTIFICATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDSCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 6.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturers: Full Professor Olga KronjaAim of course: Understanding of the basis of spectroscopic methods (NMR, IR, CD, UV-VIS, MS) and practical use of these instrumental techniques in solving the structural and dynamic properties of bioactive compounds (i.e. steroids, vitamins, drugs).Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Organic Chemistry; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:Combined application of spectroscopic methods in organic chemistry and biochemistry is an important approach in characterization of structure and dynamic properties of (bio)organic compounds. Fundamentals and practical use of mass spectrometry, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR spectroscopy in detection of (bio)organic compounds, in determining their structures and their rearrangment pathways, and in defining their portion in complex mixtures and biological materials (blood, urine). The nature of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with molecules will be explained in more details which will enable students to apply spectroscopic methods in other region of electromagnetic spectrum (microwaves, vacuum-UV). Along with identification and characterization of (bio)organic compounds, the use of especially NMR spectroscopy in analyzing of dynamic processes (i.e. conformation change, rearrangements) will be presented. Spectroscopic

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methods enable to accumulate and analyze kinetic parameters which gives better insight into mechanism of these processes. This is important for understanding of (bio)transformation of organic compounds.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PHARMACY INFORMATICSCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 5.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Associate Professor Renata Jurišić Grubešić, PhDAim of course: Teach students about medicines so that they can provide correct information in that field. Course program covers topics on medicines that students need for provision of adequate drug information to patients, general public and all people involved in providing health care.Prerequisite: noneCourse content: Pharmacists' role and tasks in the modern health care system. Standardization in health informatics; Good Pharmacy Practice. Official, independent and commercial sources of drug information. Primary, secondary and tertiary sources of drug information. Internet in pharmaceutical and medical sciences and professions; Scientific information in health care. Information systems in health care; Medical classifications; information about medicines. Information systems in pharmacy; Special programs for pharmacy business; E-prescriptions. Description of terms and concepts essential for adequate information on medicines. Goals of information technology and automation in health care. Extention of the scope of pharmacy practice – extra services.Teaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian

METALLOPROTEINS – STRUCTURE AND MECHANISMCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3rd year

Semester: 6.Number of ECTS points: 2Lecturers: Associate Professor Mario GabričevićAim of course: To introduce different mechanisms (oxido-reductive, transport and complexation) of the reactions of metalloproteins and to demonstrate the complexity of their reactions (within seminars).Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Biochemistry and General Chemistry and Stoichiometry.Course content:It is a problem-oriented course. Students should acquire knowledge about different types of metalloproteins and their role in living organisms. Also, different methods of metalloproteins research will be introduced in lectures. Students will learn about Fluorescence, UV-Vis and Stopped-flow/Rapid Scan Spectrophotometry and use of kinetic and thermodynamic data for specific problems in the mechanisms of metalloproteins.Each student will have to prepare a presentation on a particular metalloprotein, focused on structure and mechanism. The presentation will have to cover the last 3-4 years of scientific research on the chosen metalloprotein and is expected to last at least half-an-hour.In the laboratory, students will run experiments of the complexation of Fe(III) ion with metalloprotein transferrin using the Stopped-flow/RapidScan UV-Vis and Stopped-flow/RapidScan Fluorescence Spectrophotometry as complementary methods. They will investigate the influence of temperature, pH, ionic strength, concentration of reactants and concentration of exogenous anions (HCO3- , H2PO4- , citrate, NTA, etc.) on the rate of complexation on C- and N-terminal ends of transferrin. Based on the results, they will propose the mechanism of complexation.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

MODERN BIOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUESCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3rd year

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Semester: 5.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturers: Assistant Professor Sanja Dabelić, Associate Professor Sandra Šupraha GoretaAim of course: Learn the theoretical bases, applications and limitations of modern biochemical and molecular-biological methods and procedures, understand the principles of modern biochemical and molecular-biological procedures and methods, learn how to select the appropriate method for collecting experimental data, know the scope and limitations of the selected bioanalytical method, interpret data obtained using the selected bioanalytical method.Conditions:Enrolment conditions: passed exam in Biological Chemistry and a certified attendance record of BiochemistryExam conditions: passed exam in Analytical Chemistry II and BiochemistryCourse contents:Analysis and quantification of biomolecules, Sources and preparation of biological material/Cell and tissue cultures. Sedimentation methods. Chromatographic methods. Electrophoretic methods. Electrochemical methods. Immunochemical methods. Modern methods of DNA analysis. Spectroscopic methods. Result analysis and presentation. Bioanalytical approach from the aspect of diagnostics, research and pharmacy. Teaching methods: theoretical, problem solving and practicalGrading methods: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching in English is possible.

PHARMACOLOGY Course status: obligatory courseStudy years: 4th yearSemester: 7Number of ECTS points: 10.5Lecturer: Asssistantociate Professor Lidija Bach-Rojecky, PhDAim of course: Acquiring knowledge of interactions between drugs and human body.Prerequisites:Enrolment requirements for this subject – Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry II2, Biopharmacy with Pharmacokinetics and Molecular Biology with Genetics courses completed, passed examination in

Pathophysiology and Pathology I; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Biopharmacy with PharmacokineticsMecicinal Chemistry 2 and Biochemistry.Course content:Students gain knowledge of general and special pharmacology for all groups of drugs, systematized according to the anatomical-therapeutical-chemical classification (ATC-classification). Drug behaviour in the body (pharmacokinetics) and general principles of drug actions (pharmacodynamics) for more than a thousand registered drugs in Croatia. General principles of pharmacology include: 1. the main principles of pharmacokinetics - characteristics of drugs for local and systemic application, passage through cell membranes, absorption from the gastrointestinal system and after parenteral application, distribution, bioavailability, metabolism and elimination; 2. general principles of pharmacodynamic drug action, molecular mechanisms, receptors, neurotransmitters and factors affecting drug actions. Special pharmacology includes knowledge of drugs from the following fields: pharmacology of the gastrointestinal tract (drugs for peptic ulcus, laxatives, antidiarrheal agents, antiemetics, anorexics, spasmolytics, antiflatulents, propulsives and digestives); pharmacology of the cardiovascular system (drugs acting on the heart, antihypertensives - diuretics, Ca-channel blockers, inhibitors of angiotensin system and -blockers, anti-dysrhythmic drugs, coronary vasodilators, hypolipemics); pharmacology of the haemopoietic system (antianemics, anticoagulants, fibrinolytics and erythropoietins); pharmacology of the autonomic nervous system (drugs acting on cholinergic and adrenergic systems), and pharmacology of the central nervous system (sedatives-hypnotics, anaesthetics, antipsychotics, antidepressants, antiparkinsonics, antiepileptics and anxiolytics); drugs for pain treatments and palliative care (opioid and nonopioid analgetics), migraine treatment, antipyretics, antiinflammatory drugs; drugs for bone and muscle systems (antirheumatics, diphosphonates, etc.); glucocorticoids, interferons, immunosuppressants and antialergics; pharmacology of the respiratory system (antiasthmatics, drugs for other obstructive pulmonary diseases, antitussics and expectorants). Antimicrobic drugs (antibiotics, antivirotics, antimycotics, antituberculotics, antiprotosoics and anthelmintics); cytostatics; hormonal

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therapeutics (contraceptives, inhibitors of prolactine, androgens and anti-androgens, estrogens, progestagens, gonadotropins, drugs for thyroid disease treatment, glucagon, calcitonin); immunostimulants, immunoserums, immunoglobulins; ophthalmics and otologics as well as dermatologic drugs (for acne, psoriasis, sun protection etc.). Drugs of abuse and treatment possibilities.Literature:1. B.G. Katzung: Basic and Clinical Pharmacology; 10 edition; McGraw-Hill, 2009.2. H.P Rang, M.M. Dale, J.M. Ritter, P.K. Moore: Pharmacology, 7th edition, Churchill Livingstone, 2009.3. Related scientific publicationTeaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

DRUG FORMULATIONCourse status: obligatory courseStudy years: 4th yearSemester: 7Number of ECTS points: 9Lecturer: Full Professor Mira Bećirević-Laćan, Associateistant Professor Mario Jug, PhD, Assistant Professor Željka VanićAim of course: The aim of the course is to learn about traditional and novel pharmaceutical dosage forms such as drug delivery systems. The course covers general considerations in dosage form design relating to the formulation, manufacture, stability and effectiveness of pharmaceutical dosage forms. Importance of excipients in pharmaceutical formulations, correct administration of the drug, stability and bioavailability of the active principle.Prerequisites:Enrolment requirements for this subject – Biopharmacy with Pharmacokinetics course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination of Biopharmacy with Pharmacokineticsnone.Course content:Historical aspects and general considerations in dosage form design, routes of drug administration. Pharmaceutical excipients (flavouring, sweetening colouring agents, preservatives, antioxidants). Sterilisation (heat, radiation, gaseous and filtration sterilisations, sterilisation selection and

control). Extracts, extraction procedures and formulations (tinctures, extracts, decoctions, infusions, plant powders). Liquid dosage forms, solutions (solvents, solubilisation, isotonicity, pH control, non-aqueous solutions, stability, types of preparations, formulations, manufacture). Sterile dosage forms – parenteral products, injections (routes of administration, formulation, quality assurance, stability packaging). Intravenous fluids, intravenous admixtures (routes of administration, formulation, quality assurance, stability, packaging). Ophthalmic preparations, eye drops, ophthalmic solutions, suspensions, ointments, inserts (preparation, sterilisation, characteristics, ophthalmic preparations for OTC use). Nasal and ear products, enemas, lotions, liniments (formulations, characteristics). Disperse systems – suspensions (flocculation and deflocculation, particle size control, wetting agents, viscosity modifiers, stability, formulations). Emulsions (emulsion consistency, stability, emulsifying agents, formulations). Topical preparations – skin transport, penetration routes, percutaneous absorption, vehicles, formulation (ointments, creams, pastes, gels, aerosols, patches, transdermal patches, soaps). Solid dosage forms – suppositories and pessaries (absorption of drugs, vehicle, formulations). Powders and granules – bulk powders, divided powders (granules), powders for injecting and syrups, dusting powders (formulation). Capsules – hard and soft gelatine capsules (filing, formulation, contents). Therapeutic aerosols (physicochemical properties, size distribution, deposition, formulation, propellants, testing). Tablets – types, excipients, formulation, granulation methods, tableting and machines, tablet characteristics, dissolution. Coating, film coated tablets, sugar coated tablets, modified-release film coating, coating procedures. Modified release drug delivery – parenteral dosage forms, solid dosage forms. Packaging technology – materials, closures, filing, labelling, quality control. Laboratory:Compounding of different dosage forms (liquid, semisolid, and solid dosage forms).Literature:

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1. R. Senjković, V. Petričić, M. Bećirević, Oblikovanje lijekova (praktikum), Liber, Zagreb, 1988, 1992, 1997.2. R. Senjković, Osnove oblikovanja lijekova, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1994.3. H.C. Ansel, L.V. Allen, N.G. Popovich, Pharmaceutical dosage forms and drug delivery systems, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia, Baltimore, New York, London, 1999.Teaching manner: lectures and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS Course status: obligatory courseStudy years: 4th yearSemester: 7 Number of ECTS points: 10,5Lecturer: Full Professor Biljana NigovićAim of course: To explain the principles of analytics and quality control of medicines and to demonstrate the development of the analysis of pharmaceutical samples according to the European Pharmacopoeia methodology.Prerequisites:Enrolment requirements for this subject - Pharmaeutical MedicinalChemistry II2 course completed, passed examination in Analytical Chemistry II2; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry II2.Course content:Quality of pharmaceutical products and attributive and measurable properties of substances. Description, meaning and purpose of pharmacopoeia. Axioms in analytics of medicines, including pharmacopoeial regulation, reagents and reference substances. Pharmacopoeial methods: identification, testing impurities and assay of drugs. Types and properties of pharmaceutical samples: analytical profile of monographs. Application of spectroscopic (AES, AAS, ICP, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, UV-visible, fluorimetry, IR, NIR, Raman spectrometry, NMR, MS) and thermoanalytical methods in analyses of pharmaceutical samples; also chromatographic (HPLC, GC, TLC, size-exclusion, SFC) and electrophoretic (CE) techniques, including separation and detection by mass spectrometer. Pre-analysis purification and preparation of samples by extractions on liquid and

solid matrices. Monographs on chiral substances that describe enantiomeric separations and testing purity, apply polarimetry and circular dichroism, analysis of radiopharmaceutical preparations and medicinal gasses. Measuring constants of pharmaceutical substances. Development and validation of analytical methods for drug substances. Experimental design and optimization of drug assay methods. Evaluating analytical data. Problems of quality assurance and quality control and good analytical practice. Immuno-assays analysis. Testing of containers for pharmaceutical use. Analysis of low level drug analytes. Practical aspects of pharmaceutical analysis and biopharmaceutical analysis, e.g., analysis of drugs and their degradation products in drug formulations or analysis of drugs and their metabolites in biological matrices. Laboratory work. Calculations in analytics and drug quality control.Literature:1. D. G. Watson, Pharmaceutical analysis, A Textbook for Pharmacy Students and Pharmaceutical Chemists, Elsevier, Oxford, 2005.2. European Pharmacopoeia, 5th Edition, Council of Europe, Strasbourg, 2004.3. S. Ahuja, S. Scypinski (Eds.), Handbook of modern pharmaceutical analysis, Academic Press, San Diego, 2001.4. B. Nigović, R. Jurišić-Grubešić, J. Vuković, Praktikum iz analitike lijekova, I. dio, skripta, Farmaceutsko-biokemijski fakultet, Zagreb, 2006.5. B. Nigović, R. Jurišić-Grubešić, J. Vuković, Praktikum iz analitike lijekova, II. dio, skripta, Farmaceutsko-biokemijski fakultet, Zagreb, 2007.6. L. Ohannesian, A. J. Streeter (Eds.), Handbook of Pharmaceutical Anlysis (Drugs and the Pharmaceutical Sciences: a Series of Textbooks and monographs), Marcel Dekker, 2002.7. S. Ahuja, K. M. Alsante (Eds.), Handbook of Isolation and Characterisation of Impurities in Pharmaceuticals, Academic press, 2003.8. J. Ermer, J. H. Miller (Eds), Method Validation in Pharmaceutical Analysis. A Guide to Best Practice, J. Wiley & Sons, 2005.9. S. R. Byrn, R. R. Pfeiffer, J. G. Stowell, Solid-State Chemistry of Drugs, SSCI Inc. West Lafayette, 1999.

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10. J. A. Adamovics (Ed.), Chromatographic Analysis of Pharmaceuticals, Marcel Dekker, 1997.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 8Number of ECTS points: 5Lecturers: Associate Professor Irena Žuntar, PhDAim of course: Students will be introduced to various branches of modern toxicology. Actual problems of toxic materials in use and also connected with environmental pollution and work place will be presented. Also, the purpose is to point out the importance of analytical toxicology in medical clinical practice and human health protection.Prerequisite: Enrolment requirements for this subject - passed examination in Analitical Chemistry IIPharmacology course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:Basic knowledge of toxicology, including all kinds of damaging effects (short- and long-term), basic toxicokinetics, clinical toxicology, ecotoxicology, toxogenetics, toxinology, toxicology at work places, regulatory toxicology, toxicology of frequent poisons, computer simulation of various processes and data basis construction.Literature:1. Plavšić F., Vrhovac B., Stavljenić A., Osnove kliničke farmakokinetike. Školska knjiga, Zagreb 1993.2. Duraković Z. et al., Klinička toksikologija, Grafos, Zagreb 2000.3. Plavšić F., Žuntar I., Uvod u analitičku toksikologiju, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 2007.4. W.T.Shier, D.Mebs, Handbook of Toxinology. Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York-Basel, 1990.5. M.J.Ellenhorn, D.G.Barceloux, Medical Toxicology. Elsevier. New York-Amsterdam-London, 1988.6. Basel convention on the control of transboundary movements of hazardous wastes and their disposal (translation), ZGO, Zagreb, 1992.

7. D. Mebs, Venomous and Poisonous Animals. Stuttgard: Medpharm Scientific Publ.; Boca Raton, London, New York, Washington, DC: CRC Press, 2002.8. I.Sunshine. Methodology for Analytical Toxicology. Vol. I, II and III. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton, 1988.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

IMMUNOLOGYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 4thearSemester: 8Number of ECTS points: 25Lecturer: Full Professor Branko MalenicaJerka DumićAim of course: The course is intended to provide important and recent knowledge of cellular and molecular immunology.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – Pharmacology course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Clinical Biochemistry withbHematologyCourse content: Overview of basic immunology: organization of the immune system-lymphoid organs, cells, communicating molecules (cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules), hystocompatibility genes and antigens. Antigen-presenting cells (APC) and antigen presentation. Innate immunity: specific receptors and their "molecular recognition patterns". Adaptive immunity-specific receptors, antigens, humoral and cellular immunity, regulation of the immune response. Overview of clinical immunology: immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, hypersensitivity, transplantation and tumour immunology. Overview of laboratory immunology: cell suspension preparation, immunofluorescence staining, FACS-analysis, methods for antigen and antibody detection, methods for detection of cellular immunity, methods of molecular genetics.Literature:1st andreis I, Batinić D, Čulo F, Grčević D, Marušić M, Taradi M, Višnjić D. Imunologija (6th edition), Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2004.2. Abbas KA, Lichtman HA, Pober SJ. Cellular and Molecular Immunology, WB

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Saunders Com., Philadelphia-London-Toronto, 2004.3. Janeway Ach Jr, Travers P, Walport M, Schlomchik JM. Immunobiology - the immune system in health and disease, Garland Science-Churchil Livingstone, New York-London, 2005.4. Roitt IM, Delves PJ. Roitts Essential Immunology (10th edition). Blackwell Science Inc. London-Paris-Berlin, 2001.5. scientific papersTeaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

DRUG BIOCHEMISTRYMETABOLISMCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 8Number of ECTS points: 8Lecturer: Full Professor Marica Medić-ŠarićBranka ZorcAim of course: The goals of the lectures are to impart knowledge about the basic principles and mechanisms of the functioning of drug metabolism enzymes and transport systems, including biological and chemical changes and actions of drugs and other chemicals (xenobiotics) in relation to their physicochemical properties (QSAR and QSPR), drug-drug and drug-chemical interactions, as well as use of the recombinant technology and Internet databases for a better understanding and predicting of biological effects and drug interactions.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – Pharmacology course completed, passed examination in Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry II2; conditions for taking an examination in this subjecsubject - t passed examination in- none. Pharmacology.Course content:Introduction into drug metabolism and biotransformations. Phase I reactions: bio-oxidations, bioreductions, hydrolysis, other reactions. Enzymes and enzyme systems (Peroxidases, Flavin Monooxygenases, CYP enzymes, Molybdenum Hydroxylases, Monoamine Oxidase, etc.). Phase II reactions: methylation, glucuronidation, acetylation, sulfation, amino acid conjugation, glutathione conjugation. Stereochemical aspects. Pro-drugs. Transport proteins: P-glycoprotein, MRPs,

BCRP, LRP, etc. (inhibition, induction, stimulation). Pharmacogenomics. Inhibition, induction, and stimulation of biotransformationsDrug-drug and drug-chemical interactions. Biotransformations and biological effects of endo- and xenobiotics. Drug design: QSAR and QSPR. Factors affecting rates of biotransformation: kinetic approach to enzyme inhibition/competition and enzyme induction. Use of intra- and Internet databases. Approaches to drug metabolism studies: high throughput studies. Use of probe drugs in vitro and in vivo. QSAR and QSPR approaches and methods. Introduction to practical work in the laboratory.Literature:1. Rendić S., Di Carlo F.J.: Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes: A Status Report Summarizing Their Reactions, Substrates, Inducers and Inhibitors, Drug Metab Rev. 1997; 29. 413-580.2. Rendić S . Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002; 34 (1-2):83-448.3. Rendić S. Drug interactions of H2-receptor antagonists involving cytochrome P450 (CYPs) enzymes: from the laboratory to the clinic. Croat Med J. 1999 Sep;40(3):357-67. Review.4. Drug-Drug Interactions: Scientific and Regulatory Perspectives. Izd. Lee A. P., Academic Press, New York 1999.6. Andrew Parkinson, Biotransformation of Xenobiotics, in Casarett and Doull's Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, 6TH Edition /Publisher:McGraw-Hill, US-ISBN:0071347216, 2001, pp. 133- 224.7. Lewis DFV, Guide to Cytochrome P450 Structure and Function, Taylor and Francis, London 2001, ISBN 0748408975.8. S. Rendic and FP Guengerich (Editors), Drug Metabolism Reviews, Special Issue Human Cytochromes P450s (Human CYPs), Marcel Dekker Inc., Volume 34, Number 1-2, 2002.9. Cytochrome P450 Homepage: http://drnelson.utmem.edu/CytochromeP450.html10. Ortiz de Montellano, Cytochrome P450, Structure, Mechanism, and Biochemistry, Paul R. (Ed.), 3rd ed., Springer, 2005. ISBN: 0-306-48324-611. Gibson GG, Skett P, Introduction to drug metabolism, Chapters 4 & 5. 2nd ed., Blackie Acad. & Professional, London, 1994.

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12. Low LK, Metabolic changes of drugs and related organic compounds. In: Wilson and Gisvold's textbook of organic, medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry, 10th ed., Delgado JN, Remers WA. (Eds.), Lippincott-Raven Publishers, Philadelphia, 1998.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PRESCRIPTION PHARMACYMAGISTRAL FORMULATIONCourse status: obligatory courseStudy years: 4th yearSemester: 8Number of ECTS points: 4.5Lecturer: Assistant Professor Željka Vanić, PhD, Assistantociate Professor Mario Jug, PhDAim of course: The aim of the course is to provide a sound knowledge and skills in the field of prescribing and compounding medicines, along with the knowledge of medicines management.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – Drug Formulation course completed; ; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Drug Formulations.Course content:Seminars:Pharmacists and community pharmacy. Prescriptions. Preparation of compounded pharmaceuticals. Accuracy of dispensing and labelling. Potential interactions. Dose scheduling. Distribution of drug products. Information sources. Prescribed dose control. Legislation. Dosage calculations (doses for infants and children). Basic pharmaceutical calculations.Laboratory:Compounding of different formulations according to medical prescriptions. Veterinary drugs and formulations.Literature:1. R. Senjković, V. Petričić, M. Bećirević, Oblikovanje lijekova (praktikum), Liber, Zagreb, 1988, 1992, 1997.2. R. Senjković, Osnove oblikovanja lijekova, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1994.3. Takeo Mitsui (ed.), New Cosmetic Science, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1997.Teaching manner: seminars and laboratory


CLINICAL PHARMACY ANDPHARMACOTHERAPYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 6Number of ECTS points: 4.5Lecturers: Assistant Professor Vesna Bačić-VrcaAim of course: To provide students with information about ethology, clinical symptoms, research and principles of disease treatment with drugs that are in day-to-day use in pharmacy practice oriented to patients.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – Pharmacology course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Pharmacology.Course content:Hospital - medical deontology. The role of clinical pharmacist, Clinical trials, Drug interaction and adverse effects. Pharmacology of life stages - Neonates, Paediatrics and Geriatrics. Medication errors, Unit dose drug distribution system, Patient examination, Importance of clinical lab tests, Gastrointestinal disorders, Hepatic disorders, Renal disorders, Cardiovascular disorders, Respiratory disorders, Neurological and psychological disorders, Infectious disorders, Endocrine disorders, Obstetric and gynaecological disorders, Urological disorders, Haematopoietic disorders, Malignant disorders, Rheumatic disorders, Eye disorders, Skin disorders.Therapeutic principles of selected most frequent diseases with emphasis on chronic diseases. The most important groups of drugs will be discussed (indications, side effects, contraindications, etc.). Particular emphasis will be laid on the selection of appropriate drugs and treatment regimens, a balance of benefits to risks for patients under treatment and patient monitoring. Special emphasis will be also laid on generic drugs, and non-prescription drugs (OTC). Self-care and nonprescription drugs. Typical conditions and nonprescription pharmacotherapy. Problem solving will be carried out using case studies, and students will be trained to discuss drug related problems.Literature:

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1. R. Walker, C. Edwards. Klinička farmacija i terapija - hrvatsko izdanje, Školska knjiga 2004.2. I. Francetić. D. Vitezić. Osnove kliničke farmakologije, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2007.Teaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: English and Croatian; teaching also possible in English

HEALTH ECONOMICSPHARMACOECONOMICSCourse status: elective courseYear study: 4rd yearSemester: 7.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Associate Professor Miroslav MastilicaPetra Turčić, PhDAim of course: The aim of the course in Health Economics is to provide students with the basic knowledge of health care organization and economic approach to the health care system. A special objective is to develop students' awareness of the importance of economic evaluation of health programs and a critical approach to problems with which the health system is confronted in the Republic of Croatia.Prerequisite: noneCourse content: Introduction into health care organization and health economics. Basic model of health care financing. Basic concepts of health economics (efficiency and equity). Financing of health protection. Economic evaluation of health and health protection. Health insurance. Introduction into methods of microeconomic analysis in health: cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analyses. Financing of health protection: international comparison. Macroeconomic problems of the Croatian health system. Cost-benefit analysis (examples, exercises).Literature:1. L. Kovačić (editor): Organizacija i upravljanje u zdravstvenoj zaštiti. Medicinska naklada, Zagreb 2003.2. Culyer AJ: The Economics of Health. Volume I.II. Elgar. Aldershot 1991.3. Drummond MF, Stoddart GL and Torrance GW: Methods for Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programmes. Oxford University Press. Oxford 1987.Teaching manner: lectures


MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASES AND THERAPYCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 7.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturers: Full Professor Karmela Barišić, Associate Full Professor Jerka Dumić BelamarićAim of course: To acquire knowledge and understand the mechanisms of genesis and development of inherited and acquired diseases on the molecular level, as the basis of a rational approach to the development of new therapies. To understand and consider the principles of new therapeutic strategies such as gene therapy and stem cells therapy.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – Molecular Biology with Genetic Engineering completed, passed examination in Pathophysiology and Pathology; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Molecular Biology with Genetic Engineering.Course content:Genetic, molecular biological and biochemical bases of the following diseases: Cancer. Diabetes / Obesity. Atherosclerosis / Stroke. Emphysema / Asthma / Cystic fibrosis. Rheumatoid arthritis / Systemic lupus erythematosis. AIDS / Prion diseases. Muscular dystrophies / Epilepsy / Multiple sclerosis. Alzheimer’s disease / Parkinson’s disease / Huntington disease. Depression / Schizophrenia / Anxiety. Inherited metabolic diseases / Storage diseases / Congenital disorders of glycosylation. Diseases caused by disorders of signal transduction pathways. / Diseases caused by keratin mutations. Molecular pathology / pathophysiology of the listed diseases. Molecular physiology of stress. Molecular basis of aging. Molecular basis of behaviour. Epigenetics. Complex genetics.Medical application of molecular biology and medicinal engineering in clinical practice. Rational approach to the development of new therapeutic strategies based on the knowledge of molecular mechanisms of genesis and disease development (Rational drug

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design). Vectors for targeted delivery of DNA in cells and tissues. Anti-sense oligonucleotides therapy. Application of small siRNA in targeted posttranslational gene silencing. Genetic immunisation. Stem cells and their application in therapy. Cellular and genetic therapy of vascular diseases and cancer. T-cell therapy and immunotherapy. Signal transduction molecules as targets for pharmacological action. Designer drugs: the therapeutic potential of new genetics. Multidrug resistance.Analysis of the examples from primary scientific literature.Literature:1. K. Barišić I J. Dumić: lectures on CD2. Principles of Molecular Regulation, P.M. Conn, A.R. Means, Humana Press, 2000, ISBN: 0-89603-630-8, selected chapters3. Molekularna biologija u medicini, T. M. Cox, J. Sinclair, Medicinska naklada, 1995, ISBN: 9531761205, selected chapters4. Principles of Molecular Medicine, J. J. Jameson, Humana Press, 1998, ISBN: 0-89603-529-8, selected chapters5. Cell Therapy: Stem Cell Transplantation, Gene Therapy, and Cellular Immunotherapy (cancer: Clinical science in Practice), G. Morstyn, W. P. Sheridan, K. Sikora (Eds), Cambridge University Press, 1996.6. Human molecular genetics, T. Strachan, A. P. Read BIOS Scientific Publishers, 1999, ISBN: 1-872748-69-47. Selected primary scientific literatureTeaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

ISOLATION OF BIOACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCTSCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 4rd yearSemester: 8.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Associate Full Professor Sanda Vladimir-KneževićAim of course: Acquaintance with modern extraction and isolation methods of natural products in laboratory and industry.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – Pharmacognosy I1 course completed; conditions for taking

an examination in this subject – passed examination in Pharmacognosy 1I.Course content: The role of natural products in drug discovery, development and production. Modern drugs of natural origin. Solvent extraction of natural products. Purification, concentration and drying of extracts in laboratory and industry. Separation methods. Isolation of volatile compounds by distillation procedures. Supercritical fluid extraction. Use of chromatographic methods for natural products isolation and separation. Purity tests and characterization of isolated compounds. Isolation procedures of bioactive natural products from plant material, marine organisms and microorganisms. Special problems of plants extraction. Main principles of the isolation of compounds with specific biological activity (essential oils, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, sterols, flavonoids and other polyphenols).Literature:1. S. Vladimir-Knežević, Izolacija prirodnih spojeva (script), Farmaceutsko-biokemijski fakultet, 2003.2. S. Vladimir-Knežević, Izolacija bioaktivnih prirodnih produkata (script)3. R. J. P. Cannell, Natural Products Isolation, Humana Press, Totowa - New Jersey 1999.4. G. Samuelsson, Drugs of Natural origin, Swedish Pharmaceutica press, Stockholm 1999.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PHYTOPHARMACYPHYTOTHERAPYCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 8.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Full Professor Zdenka Kalođera, Associateistant Professor Marijana Zovko KončićAim of course: Acquiring comprehensive knowledge of the composition, quality, therapeutic features of herbal drug preparations, principles of phytotherapy and homeopathy, composition, quality and purpose of food supplements.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – Pharmacognosy II2

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course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Pharmacognosy I2I.Course content: Composition of herbal drug products. Quality assurance of herbal drugs and herbal medicines. Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of herbal active ingredients. Adverse effects of herbal ingredients. Interactions with herbal drug preparations. Safety and efficacy of herbal medicines. Traditional phytotherapy. Therapeutic classification of herbal drugs.Herbal urological remedies. Herbal gynaecological remedies. Phytodermatological remedies. Phytosedatives and antidepressants. Adaptogenes. Herbal immunomodulators. Herbal remedies influencing the respiratory system. Herbal remedies influencing the gastrointestinal tract. Herbal remedies influencing the cardiovascular system. Herbal antihyperlipaemics. Herbal remedies for blood sugar regulation. Herbal antirheumatics. Homeopathic preparations. Food supplements.Literature:1. M. Wichtl, Herbal Drugs and Phytopharmaceuticals, Medpharm, 1994.2. V. Schultz, R. Hansel, V.E. Tyler, Rational Phytotherapie, Springer Verlag, 2001.3. H. Schilcher, S. Kemmerer, Leitfaden Phytotherapie, Urban und Fischer Verlag, 2000.4. P.Theiss, Z. Kalođera, Ljekovito bilje za zdravu obitelj, 2004.Teaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: oral written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGYCourse status: elective courseStudy years: 4th yearSemester: 8.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Associateistant Professor Lidija Bach-Rojecky, PhDAim of course: Acquisition of knowledge about the newest experimental methods for proving and demonstration of pharmacological effects of different drugs and herbal extracts in preclinical investigations.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – Pharmacology course

completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Pharmacology.Course content:Students are informed about preclinical pharmacological-toxicological research indispensable for a substance to become a medicine. They learn about in vitro and in vivo methods of testing analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anxsiolytic, antidepressant, myorelaxing effects of substances, as well as about testing substances with a potential to cause addiction. Ways of pharmacological profiling will be described as well as the main pharmacological parameters.Use will be made of in vivo demonstrations on animals and of virtual programs and simulations of experiments.Literature:1. B.G. Katzung: Basic and clinical pharmacology, Appleton and Lange, Stamford, Connecticut, 2009.2. Relevant scientific publication in the fieldTeaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian, teaching also possible in English

APPLIED MICROBIOLOGYCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 7.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturers: Associateistant Professor Maja Šegvić KlarićAim of course: The course will teach about the role of microorganisms and their biological processes in the production of products of wide therapeutic application: antibiotics, steroids, human proteins, vaccines, recombinant vaccines and vitamins; microbiological tests according to the pharmacopoeia, application of microbiological methods for detection of antibiotic activity in pharmaceutical products, biological samples, and methods for testing some vitamins, microbiological standards of water and the role of microorganisms in biogeochemical cycles.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Microbiology and Parasitology.Course content:

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The course includes: biological and microbiological analytical methods and techniques within the framework of pharmaceutical regulations; application of biological assays (laboratory animals, cell cultures, microorganisms) for testing pharmaceutical preparations; microbiological limit test, microorganisms count and sterility tests of pharmaceutical preparations according to European Pharmacopoeia; application of microbiological methods (diffusion and turbidity) for detection of antibiotic activity in pharmaceutical products (water solutions, powders, tablets, capsules, lipid and oil solutions), biological material (blood serum, urine, muscles, milk), and methods for determination of some B-group vitamins; cultivation techniques of standard test-microorganisms; water microbiology (microbiological standards, use of microorganisms as indicators of water pollution, handling of industrial and commercial water waste); microbial ecology (role of microorganisms in biogeochemical cycling of organic compounds that constitute the basis of life).Literature:1. European Pharmacopoeia, European Department for the Quality of Medicines of the Council of Europe, Ed. 5, Strasbourg, 2005.2. S. Duraković: Primjenjena mikrobiologija, PTI – Zagreb, 1996. M.J. Pelczar, R.D. Reid,3. W.B. Hugo, A.D. Russell: Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1998.4. B.I. Uhlik: Određivanje antibiotika i vitamina mikrobiološkim metodama, Školskaknjiga, Zagreb, 1972.5. E.C. Chan: Microbiology, McGraw-Hill Co., 1990.6. S. Prentis: Biotehnologija - nova industrijska revolucija, Školska knjiga, Zagreb,1991.7. R.M. Atlas: Principles of Microbiology, Mosby-Year Book, 1995.Teaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian, teaching also possible in English

SELECTED TOPICS IN PHARMACEUTICAL

CHEMISTRYMEDICINAL CHEMISTRY – SELECTED TOPICSCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 7Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Assistant Professor Zrinka Rajić,Ivana Perković, PhDAim of course: Preparation of students for research and development at university, scientific institute or drug factory.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – Pharmaceutical Chemistry II2 course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Pharmaceutical Chemistry II2.Course content:Lectures:Development of New Drugs - From Discovery To Market Availability the initial decision, development objectives, preclinical studies, clinical trials, industrial and pharmaceutical development, medico-economic development. Drug Nomenclature. Trade and international nonproprietary names (INN): history, procedure for the selection, general priciples for guidance in devising INN, application, selection process, common stems in INN formation, use of nonproprietary names, protection of nonproprietary names. Patent Protection. Introduction, definition of a patent - patent rights, kinds of inventions, subjects of patents, liftime of patents, ownership of patents. Synthesis of Drugs examples of syntheses currently used drugs. Designing Prodrugs and Bioprecursors the carrier-prodrug principle, derivatization of drugs containing alcoholic or phenolic hydroxy groups, derivatization of drugs containing a caronyl functions, derivatization of drugs containing a carboxylic acid function, derivatization of amines, prodrugs of acidic NH functions, cascade prodrugs, double prodrugs. Drug Targeting site-specific drug delivery, site-specific drug release. Chemical Modifications Influencing the Pharmacokinetic Properties. Twin Drugs identical twin drugs, nonidentical twin drugs, examples. Orphan Drugs definition, examples. Biopharmaceutics. Stereochemical Aspects of Drug Action conformational restrictions, steric hindrance, optical isomerism, drug-receptor interactions, eudismic-affinity

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analysis, differences in binding modes, differences in pharmacokinetics, drug registration. The Use of X-ray Structures of Receptors and Enzymes in Drug Discovery protein crystals, protein crystallography, contribution to drug discovery, selected examples of structure-based drug design.Seminars:Active involvement of students in seminars, search of relevant scientific references: to find, study and give a lecture on drug syntheses, drug targeting; to find, study and give a lecture on a new patent.Literature:1. C. G. Wermuth (Ed.), The Practice of Medicinal Chemistry, Academic Press, San Diego, 1996, ISBN 0-12-744640-0.2. A. Kleemann, J. Engel, Pharmaceutical Substances, Syntheses, Patents, Applications, 3rd Edition, Thieme, Stuttgart, New York, 1999; ISBN 3-13-558403-8.3. E. Mutschler, H. Derendorf, Drug Actions, Medpharm Scientific Publishers, Stuttgart, 1995; ISBN 3-88763-021-1 (Medpharm), ISBN 0-8493-7774-9 (CRC Press)4. W. O. Foye, T. L. Lemke, D. A. Williams, Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, 5th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia 1995; ISBN 0-683-03323-9.5. New Drugs, J. Freely, Ed., BMJ Publishing Group, London, 1994; ISBN 0 7279 0821 9.Teaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian, teaching also possible in English

ANALYTICS OFIN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS DEVELOPMENTCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 8Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturers: Associateistant Professor Ana Mornar TurkAim of course: To gain analytical knowledge needed for drug development, starting from the initial idea, through development of formulation, technology and analytics of stability, to preparation of documentation need for registration. To understand the need for a creative

approach to the development of new analytical methods and the choice of optimal techniques aimed at obtaining good and fast analytical results.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject –Pharmaceutical Analysis course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Pharmaceutical Analysis.Course content:Analytical monitoring of the development of pharmaceutical forms:Pre-formulation studies – aim, expectations, and frequently used techniques; development of analytical methods to determine the content, impurities, release of active substance and physical characteristics; validation of analytical methods, generally about validation, parameters for validation, validation process and interpretation of results, preparing reports. Stability analysis:Legislation, sources of information about legislative requirements; stability analysis – program of the analysis, collection and processing of experimental data, assessment based of experimental results, stability report.Literature:1. J. I. Wells, Pharmaceutical Preformulation, Ellis Horwood Limited (1983).2. B. R. Mathews, Analitical Validation, Regulatory Aspects; Royal Farmaceutical Society of Great Britain, York (1996).3. C. M. Riley, T. W. Rosaske, Development of Validation of Analytical Methods, Pargamon (1996).4. L. Huber, Validation of Analytical Methods: Review and Strategy, LC, GC International, 11(1998)96-105.5. J T. Cartensen, C. T. Rhodes, Drug Stability, Drug Stability, Principles and Practices, Third edition, revised and expended, Marcel Dekker Ind, New York (2000).Teaching manner: lectures and laboratoryAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian, teaching also possible in English

QUALITY ASSURANCE AND REGISTRATION OFDRUG DRUGS REGISTRATIONCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 8Number of ECTS points: 2

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Lecturers: Assistantociate Professor Renata Jurišić GrubešićAim of course: To inform students about relevant legislation and the development, importance and content of quality assurance and good production practice (GPP) with special emphasis on some elements of the system and the application of GPP in pharmaceutical industry.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – Pharmaceutical AnalysisDrug Formulations course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Pharmaceutical Analysis.Drug Formulations.Course content:International legislation1. EU – legislation and regulative bodies (EMEA, CpMP) – form of registration file, ways of registration, control of changes, registration renewal; 2. USA legislation and regulative bodies (FDA) – differences with EU; 3. CEEC – state of legislation; 4. Standardization – ICH; 5. Inspections; 6. Pharmacoeconomics; 7. Monitoring of drug side effects.Croatian legislation – comparison to international regulations 1. Drugs Act; 2. Acts; 3. Pharmacopoeia.Generic drugs and their registration.Good praxis in pharmacy1. GLP; 2. GCP; 3. GPP – development of GPP and current requirements of GPP (EU, USA).Documentation of the quality assurance systemValidation1. Generally about validation; 2. Elements and types of validation; 3. Documentation for validation; 4. Application of pharmaceutical production.Quality assurance of analytical measurement 1. System of chemical analysis; 2. Quality control and assessment of the quality of measurement.Literature:1. The rules governing medicinal products in the European Union, Volume 4, Good manufacturing practices, Medicinal products for human and veterinary use 1997, Edition European Commission Directorate General III-Industry, Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics2. J. K. Taylor, Quality assuarance of chemical measurements, Lewis Publishers, Inc. Chelsea

Teaching manner: lectures and laboratoryseminarsAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian, teaching also possible in English

NEW INOVATIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMTHERAPEUTIC SYSTEMSCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 8Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturers: Associatesistant Prof Profeesssor Željka VanićJasmina Lovrić, , PhD, Assistant Professor Jasmina Lovrić, PhDIvan Pepić, PhDAim of course: The scope is pharmaceutical aspects of novel drug delivery systems to optimise the therapeutic effect. The course is an advanced continuation of the compulsory courses in biopharmacy.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – Drug Formulation course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Drug Formulation.Course content:Theoretical and practical aspects of selected novel formulation principles (applied as well as potential) are considered in order to illustrate the problems of optimising absorption, controlled release, selective delivery and the properties and effects of excipients. In vitro/in vivo methods and peptide delivery are also important topics.Literature:1. Randale, V.V, Hollinger, M.A., Drug delivery systems, Boca Raton, London, 2004.2. Washington, N., Washington, C., Wilson, C.G., Physiological Pharmaceutics, Barriers to drug absorption. Taylor and Francis, London, 2001.3. Mathiovitz, E., Lehr, C.M., Chickering, D. (eds). Bioadhesion in Drug Delivery- Issues in Fundamentals, novel approaches and development, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1998.Teaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

COSMETOLOGYCourse status: obligatory course

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Study year: 5th yearSemester: 9Number of ECTS points: 5Lecturers: Full Professor Jelena Filipović-GrčićAim of course: The course is designed to provide the students with the modern knowledge of the main cosmetic products, and the raw materials for them, for optimal skin management, hair care and mouth hygiene. The choice of information is based on good preliminary knowledge of human biology and the physicochemical principles of dosage forms and emphasizes the health-care approach to cosmetics.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – Drug Formulation course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Drug Formulation.Course content:The course will focus on: Fundamentals, structure and protection of skin, hair and nails as well as the basic properties and functions of substances commonly used in cosmetic products. Basics of physical pharmacy necessary to understand formulation effects and manufacturing aspects of cosmetic products.Cosmetic product formulation, understanding of the principles of cosmetics and related sciences while developing skills of critical analysis and research methodology. Quality control and evaluation of regular and controlled-release cosmetic products.Literature:1. M. Čajkovac, Kozmetologija, Slap, Zagreb, 2004.2. J. Filipović-Grčić, Praktikum kozmetologije, FBF, Zagreb, 2001.3. Takeo Mitsui (ed.), New Cosmetic Science, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1997.Teaching manner: lectures and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PHARMACEUTICAL CARECourse type: obligatory courseStudy year: 5thSemester: 9. Number of ECTS points: 5Lecturers: Assistant Professor Lidija Bach Rojecky, PhD; Assistant Professor

Renata Jurišić Grubešić, PhD; Professor Sanda Vladimir-Knežević, PhD-Course goals: Enable students to integrate knowledge and skills in pharmaceutical sciences and pharmaceutical profession in order to develop the key competences required for provision of pharmaceutical care in community and hospital pharmacies.Prerequisites:enrolment requirements for this subject – Clinical Pharmacy with Pharmacotherapy course completed, passed examination in Pharmacology; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Clinical Pharmacy with Pharmacotherapy.Course content: The course encompasses the following pharmaceutical topics: social and behavioural aspects of pharmaceutical care; pharmaceutical care in cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, pain, eating disorders, mental diseases and addictions, oncology patient care; pharmaceutical approach to rational phytotherapy; role of the pharmacist in rational use of antibiotics; interpretation of laboratory findings; reporting side effects and pharmacovigilance; pharmacoeconomics; pharmaceutical ethics and deontology; documentation of pharmaceutical care; pharmacy organization and management; role of the quality system in provision of pharmaceutical care. Course activities include independent students' engagement on seminar themes relating to different aspects of pharmaceutical care and practical work in pharmacies involving solving of real cases from pharmaceutical practice. Literature:1. RJ Cipolle, LM Strand, PC Morley: Pharmaceutical Care Practice. 2nd edition, McGraw-Hill, London 2004.2. Helms; Quan, Herfindal, Gourney: Textbook of Therapeutics (Drug and Disease Management); 8th edition; LWW, Philadelphia, USA 2008. 3. RR. Berardi, SP. Ferreri: Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs: An Interactive Approach to Self-care; 16th edition; American Pharmacists Association, Washington, USA 2009.Teaching methods: theoretical, problem-solving and field instruction; workshops – team work in small groupsEvaluation methods: written examination

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Teaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in EnglishLanguage of instruction: Croatian

HEALTHCARE LEGISLATIONCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9.Number of ECTS points: 1.5Lecturer: associate research scientist Ivo Vukušić, PhDAssistant Professor Ivan Pepić, PhDAim of course: To introduce students in the National Strategy of Health Care Development 2006-2011; to introduce students in the acts on health care and health insurance, and in sub-acts regulating particular types of health insurance; to introduce students in the Act on Drugs and Medicinal Products, and in sub-acts on the manufacture, testing, registration, quality verification, and marketing of drugs, medicinal and homeopathic products; to introduce students in the Act on Pharmacy (study in Pharmacy) and Act on Medical Biochemistry Service (study in Medical Biochemistry); to introduce students in the Act on Drugs of Abuse Control, and in fundamentals of the National Strategy for Drugs of Abuse Control in Republic of Croatia 2006-2012; to introduce students in the Act on Patient Rights; and to introduce students in the role of the Croatian Chamber of Pharmacists and Croatian Chamber of Medical Biochemists in the organization of the pharmacy and medical laboratory service.Prerequisite: noneCourse content: The Strategy of Health Care Development 2006-2011 with special reference to the Strategy objectives, conceptual frame of the Strategy with due survey of drugs and pharmacotherapy. Main characteristics of the Act on Health Care with special reference to the different health care levels. Health institution boards, health institutions at particular levels of health care, health institutes, reference centres, health professionals, private practice, surveillance. Main characteristics of the Act on Compulsory Health Insurance with special reference to the system of compulsory health insurance implemented by the Croatian Institute of Health Insurance, the scope of rights in health care, the rights and obligations of

the compulsory health insurance users, and the rights and obligations of the compulsory health care providers. Main characteristics of the Act on Optional Health Insurance with special reference to supplementary, additional and private health insurance. Main characteristics of the Act on Occupational Health Insurance with special reference to specific health care of workers, rights in case of work connected injury and occupational disease. Act on Drugs and Medicinal Products – the Act concept and main characteristics of particular chapters on drugs, medicinal and homeopathic products. By-laws regulating the manufacture, testing, registration, quality assessment, and marketing of drugs, medicinal and homeopathic products. Main characteristics of the Act on Pharmacy – the Act concept and main characteristics of particular chapters of the Act (on the study of Pharmacy). Main characteristics of the Act on Medical Biochemistry Service – the Act concept and main characteristics of particular chapters of the Act (on the study of Medical Biochemistry). Main characteristics of the Act on Drugs of Abuse Control – general provisions, possession and turnover of drugs, system for prevention of drug addiction and assistance to drug addicts. Fundamentals of the National Strategy for Drugs of Abuse Control in Republic of Croatia 2006-2012. Main characteristics of the Act on Patient Rights with special reference to the section on patient rights proper.Literature:1. The mentioned acts, sub-acts and national strategies have been published in the Official Gazette of the Republic of Croatia, and are available at the Official Gazette web site as well as in printed form.2. Croatian Society of Health Care Employers. The set of acts on health insurance and health care, with explanation. Zagreb, 2006. (in Croatian)Teaching manner: lecturesAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in EnglishTeaching language: Croatian

PHARMACY ETHICS AND DEONTOLOGYCourse status: obligatory course

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Study year: 5th yearSemester: 9.Number of ECTS points: 1.5Lecturer:Aim of course: Associateistant Professor Jadranka Vuković RodriguezsPrerequisite: noneCourse content:Students will be familiarized with the ethical principles and legal regulations applicable to pharmacy, and its relationships with other sections of the society. The course comprises: Professional ethics, legislation and pharmacy practice; Code of ethics, professional responsibilities; Pharmacist-patient relationships; Inter- and intra-professional relationships; Standards of good professional practice; Ethics in research; Ethics in pharmaceutical industry; Medicines act and other pharmacy legislation, Duties and obligations to the public, etc.Literature:1. G. E. Appelbe, J. Wingfield, Pharmacy Law and Ethics, Pharmaceutical Press, London 1997.2. Etički kodeks, Hrvatska ljekarnička komora3. Croatian health legislationTeaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in EnglishTeaching language: Croatian

COMMUNICATION SKILLSCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9.Number of ECTS points: 1.5Lecturer: Associateistant Professor Živka Juričić, PhDAim of course: The aim of the course is to enable students to understand basic concepts, models, principles and skills in the field of interpersonal communication as well as to grasp the importance of the effective professional communication in different job contexts and with various categories of actors: co-workers, patients, other experts and media.Prerequisite: entrance examination passed at the Faculty of Pharmacy and BiochemistrynoneCourse content: The course consists of five thematic parts presented by the experts in the field of general communication theory

and in the specific fields of professional communication in health services, pharmacy and biochemistry. In the introductory part general concepts, models and principles of verbal and nonverbal communication are presented. Using the methods of experiential approach to learning students are enabled to understand the characteristics of two-way communication and the relationship between the different communication levels. The communication process in the pharmacy is described in four phases: establishing contact, gathering data from the client, giving advice, and closing the contact. Students are exposed to the effective and ineffective forms of communication with clients using specially prepared video materials. The range of specific communication skills are demonstrated and discussed: active listening, asking questions, giving feedback. Students are also acquainted with the statistical data regarding the errors in drug administration and their harmful consequences. Students can also observe video materials showing patient reactions to the information about their illness and to the instructions about the drug use. Regarding the professional communication with other experts the presentation skills are described extensively covering five phases: planning, preparation of the text, practicing, performance and answering questions. Students are also informed about the purpose and importance of public communication in media regarding the new scientific achievements in biochemistry and drug production.Literature:1. Vizek Vidović, V., Janković, I., Pavleković, G., Juretić, D., Grundler et al. (2007) Collection of lecture presentations (electronic version), Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology2. Tindall, W.N., Beardsley, R. , Kimberlin, C. (2002). Communication Skills in Pharmacy; Practice: A Practical Guide for Students and Practitioners, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins3. Rijavec, M., Miljković, D. (2001) Menedžerske vještine 2, Kako savladati tremu, IEP-D2, Zagreb4. McManus, J.(1998) Effective business speaking, Learning express, New York5. Reardon, K. K. (1998) Interpersonalna komunikacija, Zagreb, Alinea.

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http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/search-handle-url/105-9623682-1507635?_encoding=UTF8&search-type=ss&index=books&field-author=Carole%20Kimberlin

http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/search-handle-url/105-9623682-1507635?_encoding=UTF8&search-type=ss&index=books&field-author=Robert%20Beardsley

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6. Brajša, P. (1993) Menađerska komunikacija. Varaždin: Varaždinska banka dd.Teaching manner: seminarsAssesment: written oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

BIOSTATISTICSCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Associate Professor Krešimir SankovićAim of course: Introduction to advanced statistical methods. Application of statistical methods required for experimental design and data analysis present in biochemical and medical laboratories and in clinical research.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Mathematics with Statistical AnalysisCourse content:Correlation. Simple and multiple linear regressions, Cox regression, Passing-Bablok regression, Spearman rank correlation coefficient. Analysis of variance, one-way and two-way ANOVA. Analysis of frequencies, chi-square-test and Fischer’s exact test. Normal distribution. Normality tests. Nonparametric and distribution-free statistics, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Friedman test. Experimental design in clinical trials. ROC-analysis. Quality control. Validation, process validation, assay validation.Literature:1. D. W. Wayne, Biostatistics, Wiley & Sons Inc, 6th Ed, New York 1995.2. S. Bolton, C. Bon, Pharmaceutical Statistics – Practical and Clinical Applications, Marcel Dekker, Inc, 4th Ed, New York and Basel 2004.3. Internet pages of relevant databases4. Lecture handouts5. J. E. DeMuth, Basic Statistics and Pharmaceutical Statistical Applications, Biostatistica, New York, 1999.6. I. Šošić and V. Serdar, Uvod u statistiku, Školska knjiga, Zagreb 1997.7. V. Vranić, Vjerojatnost i statistika, Tehnička knjiga, Zagreb 1971.8. I. Pavlić, Statistička teorija i primjena, Tehnička knjiga, Zagreb, 1970.

Teaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PHARMACOGENETICSCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturers: Full Professor Karmela BarišićAim of course: Structural and functional genomics with an emphasis on how these fields operate in drug discovery and optimization.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Molecular Biology with Genetic Engineering and Pharmacology; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:Variation in drug metabolism and therapeutic response between two individuals matched for body weight and receiving the same drug dosage may be due to transient causes, such as enzyme inhibition or induction, or due to permanent causes, such as gene mutation, deletion or amplification. Association between genetic predisposition and drug efficacy is investigated by pharmacogenetics resulting in specific phenotype determination. Pharmacogenetic polymorphisms may be manifested at pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic levels. The pharmacokinetic level deals with gene polymorphisms responsible for modification in the concentration of a drug and its metabolites at the sites of their molecular action (drug metabolism enzyme polymorphisms, drug transporters), whereas the pharmacodynamic level tackles gene polymorphisms associated with drug effect and mechanism of action, unrelated to drug concentration (receptors, ion channels). Genetic polymorphism of a drug metabolism enzyme is associated with the phenotype of normal, extensive or poor metabolism, whereas genetic polymorphism of drug transporters and receptors makes the basis for the phenotype with slow or rapid drug absorption, i.e., poor or efficient interaction with receptors.

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The approach in pharmacogenetic screening for a particular phenotype prediction is based on the identification of alleles showing sensitivity higher than 95%. Based on the pharmacogenetic analysis results, patients requiring a higher or lower drug dosage, or those that need another identical drug, which is not the respective polymorphic gene substrate, can be identified in a group of patients with the same diagnosis.Literature:1. Topić E, Štefanović M. Farmakogenetika. U Topić E, Primorac D, Janković S. ur. Medicinsko laboratorijska dijagnostika u kliničkoj praksi. Medicinska naklada Zagreb, 2004.2. Ingelman-Sundberg M. Pharmacogenetics: an opportunity for a safer and more efficient pharmacotherapy. (Review) J Int Med 2001; 250: 186-200.3. Rawlins MD, Thompson JW. Mechanisms of adverse drug reaction. In Davies DM ed. Texbook of Adverse drug reactions. Oxford University Press 1991.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PERSONALIZED HEALTH CARECourse status: elective courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9.Number of ECTS points: 2Lecturers: Full Professor Jerka Dumić BelamarićAim of course: To acquire knowledge and to understand (i) the importance of interplay of genetic and external factors as the key determinant of health and disease, (ii) the advantages of personalized health care, (iii) the role of pharmacists in the development of individualized heath care and prevention of disease.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Molecular Biology with Genetic Engineering and Pharmacology; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:Genes and inheritance. Risk factors. External factors: life style, stress, environmental factors. Interplay of genetic and external factors – effects on health and disease, resistance and

longevity. Genetics and physiology of aging. Complex genetics. Complex genetic diseases – cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, obesity, psychiatric diseases, inflammatory intestinal diseases, respiratory diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune diseases. Molecular diagnosis and genetic variability analysis – principles, application, purposes and social impacts. Molecular genetic epidemiology. Biobanks. Personalized medicine: prevention, therapy and prognosis. Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics. Designer drugs: therapeutic potential of new genetics. Complex genetics serves in health care and prevention of disease. Living with inherited risks. Complex genetics: legal and ethical issues. Complex genetic diseases: importance of public information and education. Role of the pharmacist in health care and prevention of diseases.Literature:1. G. Lauc and J. Dumić: lectures on CD2. Human molecular genetics, T. Strachan, A. P. Read ,BIOS Scientific Publishers, 1999, ISBN: 1-872748-69-4, selected chapters3. Molekularna biologija u medicini, T. M. Cox, J. Sinclair, Medicinska naklada, 1995, ISBN: 9531761205, selected chapters4. Genes and Disease. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?call=bv.View..ShowTOC&rid=gnd.TOC&depth=25. Selected primary scientific literatureTeaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

NEW DRUGS DESIGNCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9Number of ECTS points: 3.5Lecturer: Full Professor Marica Medić-ŠarićAssistant Professor Željko DebeljakAim of course: Special attention will be paid to the interdisciplinary approach to QSAR/QSPR, molecular modelling, pharmacophore identification and databased research in the design and development of new drug candidates. The most frequently used molecular

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descriptors will be presented. Physicochemical significance, strength, and weakness of QSAR methodology will be discussed and numerous examples of applications will be presented.Special attention will be paid to methods implemented in the existing biomedical software. Examples of application of these methods in drug design, and biochemical kinetics and experimental design will be given. Students will also get familiar with the principles and perspectives of experimental and computer techniques in the design and development of new drugs. Lectures will be focused on the methods for determining parameters relevant to techniques (biological studies in vitro and in vivo) to computer-aided predictions. Interesting examples of the application of computer software for in silico modelling and internet (intranet) databases will be presented.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – Medicinal Chemistry 2Drug Biochemistry course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Drug BiochemistryMetabolism course completed.Course content:QSAR and Drug Design – new developments and applications. Molecular descriptors (topologic, steric, hydrophobic...). Lipinski role (˝role of 5˝). Computer software for molecular descriptors (TAM and DRAGON). QSAR modelling in the design of bioactive compounds (development of a new model, lead compound, virtual screening, training set and test set). 3D-QSAR (theory, methods and applications). QSAR of peptides and proteins.Numerical taxonomy and cluster analysis. Current topics in QSAR modelling – prediction of activity, metabolism and toxicity of new drugs. Introduction to molecular mechanics and conformational analysis. HyperChem package basics. Ligand-receptor interactions and de novo drug design. Similarity measures. Determination and prediction of physicochemical properties as factors of drug design, strengths and weakness of models in drug research. Biological studies in vitro and in vivo. Introduction to molecular lipophilicity, lipophilicity profile of neutral and ionizable drugs (log P and log D), experimental determination (˝shake

flask˝, TLC, CPC, HPLC, potentiometric titration, PAMPA and Caco-2), prediction of lipophilicity (history, novel calculation procedures), application of lipophilicity in drug design, molecular lipophilicity potential – a new tool for docking, lipophilic space, lipophilicity of metabolites and its role in biotransformation. Blood-brain barrier and drugs affectivity central nervous system, experimental determination and in silico prediction of penetration of the blood-brain barrier. Novel in silico approaches to modelling transdermal penetration. Significance of plasma-protein binding in drug research, experimental (size exclusion chromatography) and in silico models to study plasma proteins binding of drugs. Models for drug metabolism predictions in early phase drug develompent studies (QSMR - in silico models), metabolic databases. Application of computer software to in silico modelling in drug research (PreADME, ChemSilico, ProLogP, Vega ZZ, ACD/Lab and Osiris). Application of Internet and Intranet databases in ADME modelling.Literature:1. V. Pliska, R. Mannhold, H. van de Waterbeemd and H. Kubinyi, Lipophilicity in Drug Action and Toxicology, VCH, Weinheim 1996. ISBN: 3-527-29383-32. J. K. Seydel, M. Wiese, R. Mannhold, H. Kubinyi and G Folkers, Drug-Membrane Interactions: Analysis, Drug Distribution, Modeling, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2002. ISBN: 35273042743. B. Testa, H. van de Waterbeemd, G. Folkers and R. Guy, Pharmacokinetic Optimisation in Drug Research, VCH, Weinheim 2001. ISBN: 3-906390-22-54. N. Trinajstić. Chemical Graph Theory. Vols. 1,2.; 2nd Ed. CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 1992.5. E. Suli, D. Mayers, Introduction to Numerical Analysis, Cambridge University Press, 2003.6. V. Pliska, R. Mannhold, H. van de Waterbeemd and H. Kubinyi, Lipophilicity in Drug Action and Toxicology, VCH, Weinheim 1996. ISBN: 3-527-29383-37. J. K. Seydel, M. Wiese, R. Mannhold, H. Kubinyi and G. Folkers, Drug-Membrane Interactions: Analysis, Drug Distribution, Modeling, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2002. ISBN: 35273042748. B. Testa, H. van de Waterbeemd, G. Folkers and R. Guy, Pharmacokinetic

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Optimisation in Drug Research, VCH, Weinheim 2001. ISBN: 3-906390-22-59. Current scientific literature from internet.Teaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

BIOCHEMICAL BASIS OF ENDOBIOTIC AND XENOBIOTIC TOXICITYCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Mirza Bojić, PhDFull Professor Marica Medić-ŠarićAim of course: Goals of the lectures are to impart the knowledge of biochemical pathways and mechanisms of endo- and xenobiotic toxicity, enzymes, enzyme systems and transporters responsible/involved in drug (xenobiotic) toxicity.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – Drug Biochemistry Metabolism course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Drug BiochemistryMetabolism.Course content:Emphasis will be laid on xenobiotics, whose toxicity is mediated by formation of reactive species. Students will be acquainted with the importance of oxidative stress in the development of different pathological conditions and with the role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in organism. An overview of antioxidant defence system will be given. Toxicity of xenobiotics through metabolic reactions (idiosyncratic drug reactions). Reactions, enzymes, enzyme systems and transporters involved in drug, endo- and xenobiotic toxicity. Polymorphism in drug (xenobiotic) biotransformations and toxicity. Metabolic activation and toxiforic groups, models used. Reactive species as useful biomolecules. Free radicals, reactive species and toxicology in xenobiotic transformations. Antioxidant defences (the role of endogenous and exogenous antioxidants). Selected examples and mechanisms of toxicity by biotransformations.Seminars will be organized in such a way to encourage individual research on a selected topic (current topics in the field

of interest, e.g., generation of reactive species in different diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, ischemia-reperfusion or rheumatoid arthritis), followed by oral presentation. Work will proceed in small groups.Literature:1. J. Timbrell, Principles of biochemical toxicology, CRC Press, UK, 2000. ISBN:0 7484 0737 52. F. A. Barile, Clinical toxicology: principles and mechanisms, CRC Press, USA, 2003.ISBN: 0 8493 1582 43. C. D. Klaassen, Casarett & Doull's, Toxicology – the basic science of poisons, McGraw-Hill, USA, 2001. ISBN: 0 0713 4721 64. B. Halliwell i J. M. C. Gutteridge, Free radicals in biology and medicine, Oxford University Press, New York, 2003. ISBN: 0 19 850045 95. E. Cadenas i L. Packer, Handbook of antioxidants, Marcel Dekker, New York, 2001.ISBN: 0 8247 0547 56. Current scientific literature available from internet. 7. P. D. Josephy, Molecular toxicology, Oxford University Press, New York, 1997. ISBN: 0-19-509340-28. E. Hodgson, R. C. Smart, Introduction to Biochemical Toxicology, 3rd Edition, Wiley, 2001. ISBN: 0-471-33334-49. E. Arinc, J. B. Schenkman, E. Hodgson, Molecular Aspects of Oxidative Drug Metabolizing Enzymes: Their Significance in Environmental Toxicology, Chemical Carcinogenesis and Health (Nato Asi Series. Series H, Cell Biology), Vol 90, 1995.10. B. K. Park, N. R. Kitteringham, J. L. Maggs, M. Pirmohamed, D. P. Williams, The Role of Metabolic Activation in Drug-induced Hepatotoxicity, Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2005, Vol. 45, 177-2.11. Guest Editor: J.P. Uetrecht, Bioactivation, Current Drug Metabolism, Vol. 3, No. 4, 2002.12. Taylor and Francis Group, Drug Metabolism Reviews, vol. 37, No 1, 2005.Teaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

DIETOTHERAPYNUTRITION THERAPYCourse status: elective course

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Study year: 5th yearSemester: 9.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Full Assistant Professor Irena Vedrina-DragojevićDubravka Vitali ČepoAim of course: Introduction to dietotherapy; dietotherapy of particular diseases. Diet as a risk-factor for the development of health disorders.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Nutritional Biochemistry.Course content:Dietoprevention – the role of particular food-ingredients (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, dietary fibres) in development of nutrition-related disorders (hypertriglyceridemia, hyperlipoproteinemia, atherosclerosis, hypertonia, diabetes type II, rachitis, osteoporosis, cancer). Feeding disorders. Obesity – risk factor for development of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes type II, cancer, etc. Body mass index. Undernourishment – malnutrition, maldigestion, malabsorption. Bulimia, anorexia, compulsive overeating. Dietotherapy of nutrition-related disorders. Dietotherapy of genetic disorders of metabolism. Disorders in essential amino acid metabolism. Diet in Phe, Leu, Ile, Val, Lys, Met metabolism disorders (phenylketonuria, tyrosinemia, alkaptonuria, albinism, leucinosis, propionacydemia, methylmalonacydemia, hyperlysinemia, homocystinuria, cystathinuria, cystinosis, cystinuria). Disorders in carbohydrate metabolism (diabetes I, intolerance, malabsorption). Food intolerance. Nutritive allergies; mechanisms, dietotherapy, recommended and forbidden foods. Principles of diet for target populations (infants, little children, adolescents, elderly, pregnant women, sportsmen).Literature:1. Roko Živković: Dijetetika, IK Naprijed, Zagreb, 2002.2. Sue Rodwell, Phd Williams: Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, C.V. Mosby; 11th CD-Ro edition, 2000.3. Caroll A. Lutz: Nutrition and Diet Therapy, F. A. Davis Company; 3rd edition, 2001.4. Lecture handouts5. Lisa Rapport, Brian Lockwood: Nutraceuticals, Pharmaceutical Press, 2004.

6. R. Chadwick et al.: Functional Foods, Springer; 1st edition, 2004.7. I. Goldberg: Functional Foods: Designer Foods, Pharmfoods, Nutraceuticals, Plenum US; 1st edition 1994.8. E. M. Kellon: Equine Supplements and Nutraceuceuticals: A Guide to Peak Health and Performance, Breakthrough Publications, 1999.9. Robert E. C. Wildman: Handbook of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Lewis Publishers, Inc.; 1st edition, 2000.10. Relevant scientific papersTeaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

INDUSTRIAL PHARMACYCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9.Number of ECTS points: 3Lecturer: associate research scientist Biserka Cetina Čižmek, PhDAim of course: To extend knowledge that students have gained in the pharmaceutics course with basic principles and pharmaceutical approaches to the process, individual process operations, necessary equipment, used process control, as well as the explanation of their impact on the quality of final product.Prerequisite: none.Course content:Lectures:Solid dosage formulations: processes, operations and equipment for the development and production of tablets, capsules; production of other solid dosage formulations, process of encoating and equipment; materials. Sterile formulations: processes, operations and equipment for the development and production of parenteral sterile solutions; production of other sterile formulations; packing sterile formulations; process, equipment, materials. Semi-solid formulations: processes and equipment for the development of semi-solid formulations; packing of semi-solid formulations: processes, equipment, materials. Liquid oral formulations, packing of liquid oral formulations: processes, equipment, materials; trends in the development of

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other dose formulations (except oral ones).Seminars:Seminars are designed as demonstrations of lecture contents, in particular relating to the production process.Literature:1. Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, L. Lachman, Herbert A. Liebermann, Joseph L. Kanig, 3rd Ed., Lea & Febiger, 1986.2. Remington, The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Vol I, II, Max Publishing Company, 1995.3. A. H. Kibbe, Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients, American Pharmaceutical Association, 20004. A. H. Liberman, L. Lachman, J. B. Schwartz, Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Tablets, Volume I, Marcel Dekker Inc., 1989.5. A. H. Liberman, L. Lachman, J. B. Schwartz, Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Parenteral Medications,, Volume I, Marcel Dekker Inc., 1993.Teaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: oral written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in EnglishTeaching language: Croatian

SOCIOLOGY IN PHARMACYCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9.Number of ECTS points: 1.5Lecturer: Associateistant Professor Živka JuričićAim of course: The aim of the course is to train future pharmacists to optimize their role as primary health care professionals. Along with theoretical knowledge and technical-manipulative skills, pharmacists should acquire knowledge of the basic principles and ways of communication, not only with patients but also with physicians, in order to create and implement the plan of treatment and supervise the therapy. Namely, the task of pharmacists is not only to dispense medications but also to explain to patients the conditions in which a drug will have the maximum possible positive effect.Prerequisite: none.Course content: Lectures:

Socio-cultural authority and professional status of a pharmacist in modern society (self-perception of a pharmacist; collective perception of a pharmacist; some general negative stereotypes of pharmacists; main attributes/parameters of the pharmaceutical profession: cognitive, technical-manipulative and value-normative; professionalization project – establishing the monopoly over rendering services; professional socialization and instruments of outer and inner control; pharmacist’s ethics; strategy of re-professionalization of the pharmacist’s work).Concept of pharmaceutical care: modus operandi of the pharmaceutical profession as a primary health-care profession (the concept of ‘care’ – a vague concept that does not belong to the realm of ‘solid’, natural, objective sciences; Heidegger’s philosophical structuring of the concept of ‘care’; the meaning of care in the context of pharmacists’ work: patient in the focus of attention; pharmacists assuming the responsibility in drug therapy: detection, solution and prevention of health problems; the basic postulation of professional acting: drugs do not have a dose but the patients do; specific forms of therapeutic action).Pharmaceutical care and the needs of a specific population (parents and children; pregnant women; adolescents; old people; patients suffering from chronic diseases; women and medication; rational use of antidepressants).Communication in the context of a pharmacy (interpersonal dimension of pharmacists’ work; ‘face-to-face’ interaction with a patient; pharmaceutical hermeneutics; key communication skills; verbal and non-verbal communication; communication in the function of overcoming asymmetry of knowledge and power and patient anxiety; obstacles in realization of communication: structural, physical, culturological, psychological, interpersonal communication in drug therapy: pharmacist – patient – physician).Patient counselling – an integral part of pharmaceutical care (definition of counselling; aims of counselling; its benefits for the patient: safer and more efficient therapy, additional explanations about illness, helping self-care, reducing the costs of health care; benefits of counselling for pharmacists: legal protection, promotion of the health care team, higher job satisfaction, reducing

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stress at work; greater patient’s participation in the therapy; some concrete situations where counselling is indispensable).Literature:1. Staničić, Ž. (2005) Socijalna farmacija, skripta2. Taylor, K. and Harding,G.(eds.) (2001) Pharmacy Practice, Taylor and Francis, London and New York.3. Cippole, R.J., Strand, L.M. and Morley, P.C.(1998) Pharmaceutical Care, McGraw – Hill. Health Profession Division.4. Smith, M.C. and Wertheimer, A.I. (eds.) (1996) Social and Bihevioral Aspects of Pharmaceutical Care, Pharmaceutical Product Press. New York and London.5. Haddad, A.M. and Buerki, R.A.(eds.) (1997) Ethical Dimension of Pharmaceutical Care, Pharmaceutical Products Press, New York, London.6. Harding, G., Nettleton, S. and Taylor, K. (1994). Social Pharmacy. Innovation and Development. The Pharmaceutical Press.7. Rantucci, M.J. (1997) Pharmacists Talking with Patients. A Guide to Patient Counseling. Williams and Wilkins. A Waverly Company.8. Tindal, W.N., Beardsley, R.S. and Kimberlin, C.L.(2003) Communication Skills in Pharmacy Practice, Fourth Edition. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. A Wolters Kluwer Company.9. Whyte, S.R., van der Geest, S. and Hardon, A. (2002) Social Lives of Medicines, Cambridge University Press.Teaching manner: lecturesAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PHARMACY PRACTICE 1 and 2Course code: F1-12Course status: obligatory courseStudy years: 1st, 2nd, : 3rd, and 4th and 5th yearSemester: 1, 3, 6, and 78 and 10Number of ECTS points: 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 15 = 192+3Coordinators of practical training: Associate Professor Milena Jadrijević Mladar Takač, Associate Professor Sanda Vladimir-Knežević, Assistant Professor Željka Vanić, Associateistant Professor Renata Jurišić GrubešićAim of course: Organization and execution of practical training in pharmacy.

Prerequisites: enrolment in the 6th semester (Pharmacy Practice 1) and in the 8th semester (Pharmacy Practice 2)Course content:3rd year: In the 30 hours with a mentor-pharmacist, students get familiar with: mandatory technical literature and official books at pharmacies (European and Croatian Pharmacopoeias), storage of medicines and medical substances, ordering and receiving medicines and other products sold at pharmacies, checking expiry dates, monitoring supplies, weighing monocomponent teas and sorting out preparations.4th year: In the 60 hours with a mentor-pharmacist, students get familiar with food supplements (herbal preparations, vitamins and minerals, dietary products, etc.), participate in the production of extemporaneous and galenic preparations (dosage control, compounding, labelling, keeping records), learn how to apply pharmacopeial and related regulations at the pharmacy, get familiar with non-prescription medicines and their purpose, dosage, side effects, use limitations, potential interactions with other medicines and food supplements, and compare similar and/or related preparations from different manufacturers.Pharmacy Practice I: entrance examination passed at the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry.Pharmacy Practice II: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed practical training in Pharmacy Practice I.Pharmacy Practice III: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed practical training in Pharmacy Practice II.Pharmacy Practice IV: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed practical training in Pharmacy Practice III.Pharmacy Practice V: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed practical training in Pharmacy Practice IV.Course content: 1st year: To introduce pharmacy students in all settings of pharmacy practice, community pharmacy, hospital pharmacy, industry laboratories, wholesales, etc. (15 hrs of practice).2nd year: Practical work in different pharmacy settings (student’s free choice) (15 hrs).

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3rd year: Practical work in different pharmacy settings (student’s free choice) (15 hrs).4th year: Practical work in a community or hospital pharmacy (national or international level) (15 hrs).5th year: Practical work in a community or hospital pharmacy, by involving student in all aspects of pharmacy practice (150 hrs).Literature:1. P. Stone & S. J. Curtis, Pharmacy Practice, 3rd ed. Pharmaceutical Press, London 2002.2. MCQs in Pharmacy Practice, L. M. Azzopardi (ed.), Pharmaceutical Press, London 2003.3. Validation Instruments for Community Pharmacy. Pharmacyeutical Care for the third Millenium, L. M. Azzopardi, The Howorth Press Inc. 2000.4. Relevant literature in Croatian language.5. F. Smith, Research Methods in Pharmacy Practice, Pharmaceutical Press, London 2002.Teaching manner: laboratoryfield work under supervisionTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PROFESSIONAL TRAINING FOR PHARMACISTCourse status: obligatory courseStudy years: 5th Semester: 10th Number of ECTS points: 30Coordinators of practical training: Assistant Professor Željka Vanić, Associate Professor Renata Jurišić GrubešićPrerequisites: enrolment in the 10th semester; all obligatory courses passed.Course content:In the course Professional Training for Pharmacists (720 hours in community and hospital pharmacies) students master: application of user pharmacy programs and procedures of keeping mandatory turnover and business records, dispensing prescription medicines and medicines from special drug groups (psychotherapeutic substances and narcotics), procedures of preparation, dispensing, distribution and monitoring turnover of medicines at hospital pharmacies. Students also aquire the knowledge and skills of correct monitoring and reporting of side effects,and are informed about the group

of products "Cosmetics" and "Special Purpose Cosmetics", and master the ways of providing pharmaceutical care.Teaching manner: field work under supervisionTeaching language: Croatian

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DESCRIPTION OF INDIVIDUAL COURSES – MASTER OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY PROGRAMME

INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 1st yearSemester: 1Number of ECTS points: 1.5Lecturers: Full Professor Ivana Čepelak, PhDTihana Žanić-Grubišić, PhDAim of course: The aim of course is to learn the main characteristics of pharmaceutical science and practice, what is an occupation of contemporary pharmacy that is a structure of pharmacy studying, various possibilities of professional activities in a health system, development of experimental method and nomenclature, as well as notices about professional moral and ethics.Prerequisite: entrance examination passed at the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry: noneCourse content:Allegoric review of Pharmacy and mythology in pharmacy. Creative power of pharmacy and unusual biographies. Goethe and pharmacy. About pharmacy essence and pharmaceutical chart of Europe. Chemistry and pharmacy. The pharmacist and science. Pharmacopetal science and Nobel prices. Pharmaceutical literature and library. Pharmaceutical, media, and medical information and data circulation. Information in chemistry and drug nomenclature. Pharmaceutical metrology, laboratory work and quality assurance. Observation as an origin of knowledge, experiment and scientific conclusion. Pharmacist as health educator. Pharmacotherapy for non-professionals. Ask about your medicines. Ethics, deontology, and citizens. Introduction to medicines and pharmacology. Anatomic Therapeutic Chemical classification, pharmacy laws, patent and the trademarks. Finished product packaging. The pharmacy and its equipment. Drug manufacture, dosage forms, routes of administration and containers. Pharmaceutical terms and graphy. Women in pharmacy.Literature:1. V. Grdinić, Uvod u farmaciju, drugo izdanje, Vlastita naklada, Zagreb, 2004.

2. V. Grdinić, Rječnik mjeriteljstva u kontroli kakvoće lijekova, Hrvatsko farmaceutsko društvo, Zagreb, 1994. [poseban dodatak u Farmaceutskom glasniku]3. Zakon o lijekovima i medicinskim proizvodima, Narodne novine, 121/03.4. V. Grdinić, Hrvatsko farmakopejsko nazivlje: prinosi za hrvatsku jezičnu normu i kodifikaciju u ljekopisu, Hrvatski zavod za kontrolu lijekova, Zagreb, 1995.5. V. Grdinić, J. Vuković, Uvod u farmaceutsku etiku, deontologiju i praksu, Fotosoft, Zagreb, 2000.6. Standard terms: Pharmaceutical dosage forms, Routes of administration, Containers, European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines [EDQM], Council of Europe, Strasbourg, 2002. [V. Grdinić, L. Stefanini Orešić: hrvatski stupac].7. S. Babić, V. Grdinić, Prijedlog za rješenje nedoumica u kemijskome nazivlju, Jezik, 2002, 49(1), 19-31.8. Hrvatska matica lijekova [ur. Laila Stefanini Orešić], Ministarstvo zdravstva RH, Zagreb, 1997.Teaching manner: lecturesAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian

MATHEMATICS WITH STATISTICAL ANALYSISCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 1st yearSemester: 1Number of ECTS points: 7.5Lecturer: Assistant Full Professor Ljiljana ArambašićJuraj ŠiftarAim of course: Basic principles of mathematical logic and functional analysis needed to understand and solve typical problems in physics, chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacy.Prerequisite: entrance examination passed at the Faculty of Pharmacy and BiochemistrynoneCourse content: Lectures:The function of one variable: basic terms and general characteristics. Basic elementary functions. Elementary functions describing molecular potential, molecular motions, chemical and enzymatic kinetics, radioactive decay. Limit and differential of a function. Meaning of the differential in physical-chemical processes. Derivatives of functions, analytical and geometrical interpretation. Investigating functions with the aid of first and second

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derivatives. Application of derivatives to the analysis of chemical balance, velocity of chemical and biochemical reactions, Taylor’s and Maclaurin’s series: application to molecular potential functions and to linearization of physical-chemical equilibrium problems. Integral calculus: general rules of integration, indefinite and definite integrals. Application of integrals: arc length, area under the function. Differential equations. Equations of the first order, linear equations, differential equations of the second order. Application of differential equations in kinetics, kinematics, photometry, radioactivity. Basic probability concept. Descriptive statistics. Discrete and continuos statistical distributions: binomal, Poisson, normal. Estimation. Sampling theory. Hypothesis testing. One-sample hypothesis testing. Statistical hypothesis testing for two independent samples. Parametric statistical tests: chi-square test, z-test, F-test, t-test. Non-parametric statistical testing. Correlation. Simple linear regression.Seminars:Solving relevant lectures and applied problems.Literature:1. L. Krnić, Z. Šikić, Račun diferencijalni i integralni (I part), Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1992.2. S. Kurepa, Matematička analiza, I and II part, Školska knjiga, Zagreb 1990.3. B. P. Demidovič, Zadaci i riješeni primjeri iz više matematike, Tehnička knjiga, Zagreb4. D. Javor, Uvod u matematičku analizu, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1991.5. A. Borzan i autori, Riješeni zadaci iz više matematike I, II, III, Školska knjiga, ZagrebTeaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in EnglishTeaching language: Croatian

CELL BIOLOGY WITH GENETICSCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 1st yearSemester: 1Number of ECTS points: 7.5Lecturer: Full Associate Professor Jasna SorićAna-Marija DomijanAim of course: The course addresses general and specific principles of cellular

biology and basic principles, theories and mechanisms of heredity. It begins by looking at the evolution of the cell and then progresses to the chemistry, anatomy and physiology of intracellular compartments. Commonly used techniques in cell biology will be introduced both in laboratory work and in lectures.Prerequisite: entrance examination passed at the Faculty of Pharmacy and BiochemistryCourse content: Lectures:Cell evolution: from the molecule to the first cell; from prokaryotic cell to the eukaryotic cell. Cell nucleus: eukaryotic DNA is packaged into chromosomes; chromosome structure. Membrane structure und function: the lipid bilayer; membrane proteins. Principles of membrane transport: carrier proteins and active transport; ion channels and the membrane potential. Intracellular compartments and transport: protein sorting; vesicular transport; secretory pathways; endocytic pathways. Energy generation: mitochondria and oxidative phosphorylation; chloroplasts and photosynthesis. Cytoskeleton: intermediate filaments; microtubules; cilia and flagella; actin filaments. Cell-cycle control and cell death: cell-cycle control system; programmed cell death (apoptosis).Seminars:Introduction to the cell: microscope; cell culture; cell fractionation. Cell division: mitosis; cytokinesis. Sexual reproduction: the benefits of sex; meiosis; fertilization. Mendel and idea of gene: monohybrid and dihybrid crossing; laws of inheritance. Chromosomal basis of heredity: Chromosomal theory of heredity: Morgan and Drosophila; linkage genes. Chromosomal basis of recombination: recombination of nonlinkage genes: independent assortment; recombination of linkage genes: crossing over. Sex chromosomes and sex linkage. Chromosomal aberrations: variation in chromosomal structure; variation in chromosomal number. Human genetics.Laboratory:Cells under the microscope; Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; Cell membrane; Intracellular compartments; Mitochondria and chloroplasts; Mitosis; Meiosis; Nucleus in interphase: polythene

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chromosomes; Shape and structure of eukaryotic chromosomes.Literature:1. Alberts B., Bray D., Hopkin K., Jonson A., Raff M., Roberts K., Walter P. Essencial cell biology, second edition, GS Garland Science, Taylot & Francis Group, New York, 2004.2. Sorić J.: Cell biology: Laboratory 2004/2005. (Internal script)3. Sorić J: Cell biology with genetics, lectures (internal script on CD)4. Cooper, G.M., Hausman, R.E. Stanica, molekularni pristup, third edition, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2004.5. Alberts, B., Bray D., Lewis J., Raff M., Roberts K., Watson J.D. Molecular biology of the cell, third edition, Garland publishing, New York & London, 2002.6.http:// gened . emc . maricopa . edu /bio/ bio181/BIOBK/ BioBookTOC .html 7. http://esg-www.mit.edu:8001/esgbio/chapters.htmlTeaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

GENERAL CHEMISTRY AND STOICHIOMETRY Course status: obligatory courseStudy year: 1st yearSemester: 11Number of ECTS points:Lecturer: Full Professor Mladen BirušAssociate Professor Mario Gabričević, Assistant Professor Ana BudimirAim of course: Students learn the following subjects: 1. Chemical calculation (Stoichiometry), 2. Chemical structure, 3. Chemical bonds, 4. Coordination compounds, 5. Intermolecular forces and bonds, 6. Solutions and their properties, 7. Colour of inorganic compounds, 8. Electrochemistry.Prerequisites: General Chemistry and Stoichiometry I: entrance examination passed at the Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry.General Chemistry and Stoichiometry II: enrolment requirements for this subject – General Chemistry and Stoichiometry I course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in General Chemistry and Stoichiometry I.none

Course content: Lectures: Basic chemical laws, periodic system of chemical elements, electronic structure of the atom, bonding theories, molecule orbitales, aggregate phases of substances, intermolecular forces, chemical reactions, thermochemistry and basics of thermodynamics, rate of chemical reactions and chemical equilibrium, absorption of electromagnetic radiation in inorganic compounds, water properties, most significant inorganic compounds in living organisms. Laboratory: Labware, physical and chemical changes, transfer of chemicals, weighing, evaporation and determination of dry substances, distillation of acidic solution of cooper(II)-sulphate pentahydrate, filtration, iodine sublimation, extraction of iodine from water solution by chloroform, separation of different cations by the ring paper-chromatography, preparation of solutions, temperature dependence of solubility, structure dependence of solubility, mixing liquids with liquids, dissolution of ammonia in water, electrolytic dissociation, electric conductivity in solutions, redox reactions between sulphur and oxygen, formation and dissociation of coordination compounds, acid-base titration, dependence of reaction rate on reactant concentrations, temperature, and reactant surfaces, effect of catalyst on the reaction rate, shift of chemical equilibrium, indicators and pH measurement, copper electrolysis, Faraday constant determination, electrochemical cell – Daniel’s cell.Literature:1. Ivan Filipović i Stjepan Lipanović, „Opća i anorganska kemija, I part“, Školska knjiga, Zagreb 1987.2. Mladen Biruš, the script on the web-page of Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, www.pharma.hr3. Peter Atkins & Loreta Jones, „Chemical Principles: the quest for insight“, W. H. Freeman & Comp., New York 1999.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PHYSICS

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http://www.pharma.hr/













Course status: obligatory courseStudy year: 1st yearSemester: 1Number of ECTS points: 7.5Lecturer: Associate Professor Krešimir SankovićAim of course: At the calculus level, to set the physical bases for understanding the structure of matter, behaviour of microscopic and macroscopic systems under the action of natural forces and force fields.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – Mathematics and Statistics courses completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examinations in Mathematics and Statistics.noneCourse content: Quantities that describe motion, their relations. Work, power, energy and potential. Forces and force fields in nature. Motion of particles and bodies in external force fields, mass spectrographs with electric and magnetic fields. Quanta in nature. Atomic nucleus, nuclear reactions, spontaneous radiation decay, application of radioisotopes. Physics of the multitude of particles. Ideal and real gases. Phases and phase diagrams. Physics of liquids and solutions: pressure and buoyancy, phenomena at the phase boundaries. Heat and thermal disorder. First law of thermodynamics.Transport phenomena: Motion of particles, bodies, charge and heat in the media with internal resistance in gravitational, centrifugal and electrostatic fields; diffusion, osmosis and sedimentation, electric circuits, electrophoresis. Generation, measurements and observation of steady and alternating currents and signals (oscilloscope). Electric and magnetic properties of matter, origin of electric and magnetic fields, energy in the fields, electric dipole, interaction between dipoles. Electromagnetic waves: polarization, diffraction, interference, standing waves. Sources: black body radiation, laser. Interaction of electromagnetic waves with matter: reflection, refraction, prism and dispersion; simple optical instruments: lens (magnifier), microscope, optical grading, spectrometer elements; absorption, photoelectric effect.Literature:

1. J. Herak: Osnove kemijske fizike, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, 2001.2. D. Winterhalter, A Slijepčević, A. Kuntarić and K. Kempni: Vježbe iz fizike, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1990.3. E. Bešić and J. Herak: Zbirka zadataka iz fizike, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry. Zagreb, 2003.4. F. J. Keller, WS. E. Gettys and M. J. Skove: Physics, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1999.5. F. J. Blatt: Modern Physics, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1992.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

CYTOLOGY AND HISTOLOGYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 1st yearSemester: 2Number of ECTS points: 3.5Lecturer: Associate Full Professor Mirna SučićAim of course: To teach the basics of human tissue cytology and histology, morphological findings in inflammation and tumour growth, and to present certain techniques in morphological analysis of cells and tissues.Prerequisites:enrolment requirements for this subject – Cell Biology with Genetics course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Cell Biology with Genetics.Course content: Introduction into cytological and histological techniques. Basics of cell cytology, cell organelles and their functions. Cytochemistry and immunocytochemistry of various cells and histological tissues. Cytology and histology of epithelium, connective tissue, muscle tissue, nervous tissue, haematopoietic and lymphatic tissue. Blood cells. Cytology and histology of cardiovascular and lymphatic vascular systems, haematopoietic and lymphatic systems, respiratory system, digestive system, urinary system, nervous system, eye and ear, male and female reproductive systems, endocrine system and skin. Cytology and histology of tissue damage, inflammation, repair and tumour growth. Cytomorphology as a

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diagnostic tool in recognition of malignant tumours. Cytochemistry, immunocytochemistry, molecular biology techniques in diagnosis of tumour growth.Literature:1. Junqueria LC, Carneiro J, Kelly RO. Osnove hisologije. Školska knjiga, Zagreb 1999. (selected chapters)2. Juretić A, Boban D, Čvoriščec D, Krajina Z, Labar B, Marković-Glamočak M, Sučić M. Citokemija i imunocitokemija u kliničkoj citologiji. Zagreb: Biblioteka priručnici za elektivne predmete Medicinskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, 1992.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in EnglishTeaching language: Croatian

BIOETHICSCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 1st yearSemester: 2Number of ECTS points: 1.5Lecturer: Associate Full Professor Tonči MatulićAim of course: Knowledge of principles, norms and virtues of biomedical practice. Skills for observation, description and definition of moral phenomenon in the filed of biomedical research. Knowledge of methodology of bioethical evaluation.Prerequisite: noneCourse content:Introduction to Bioethics. History, definitions, basic principles and norms. Bioethics and biomedical sciences. Methodologies of ethical argumentation. Relations between ethics and biotechnology. Conditions of interdisciplinary dialogue. Relation between facts and values. Major bioethical conventions and declarations.Literature:1. T. Matulić, 2006. Bioetika. Scripta ad usum privatum studentorum, Zagreb2. T. Matulić, 2006. Oblikovanje identiteta bioetičke discipline. Zagreb, GK3. T. Matulić, 2001. Bioetika. Zagreb, GK4. T. Matulić, 2006. Medicinsko prevrednovanje etičkih granica. Zagreb, GKTeaching manner: lecturesAssesment: written exam

Teaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

SOCIOLOGY AND HEALTH CARECourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 1st yearSemester: 2Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Associateistant Professor Živka JuričićAim of course: The aim of this course is to train the future pharmacist for his/her professional and social/supraindividual role by offering him/her an insight into the wider social context that encompasses human health and illness.Prerequisite: entrance examination passed at the Faculty of Pharmacy and BiochemistrynoneCourse content: Lectures:Social concept and the context of health and illness (the individual and social importance of health, value driven substance of health; changes in the meaning of health; illness as a social construct; symptoms of illness as social constructs; “disease”, “illness” and “sickness”; how social defining of health and illness can establish its credentials in relation to natural sciences where the subject is man). Philosophic origins and main constitutive principles of biomedical paradigm (biologism; positivism; pathologism, mechanicism reductionalism; dualism of body and soul; dualism of health and illness; theory of specific aetiology of illness; dominant status of biomedical paradigm in modern society; “non-profitability” of biomedical approach in healing the so-called illness of modern civilization). Social role of the patient (the role of the patient leads to commutation of roles; patient’s rights; patient’s duties; “good” and “bad” patient; illness as a metaphor; illness as an identity; morbidity and mortality transition; discourse on the meaning and possibilities of sick-leaves in the conditions of developed capitalism and increasing “flexibilization” of the workforce). Modern society and the “Health Hunt” (“the culture of pain-killers”; the health imperative; health as goods that can be bought like any other merchandise at the market; health becomes “the property of only those people who have earned it”). Medicalization and iatrogenesis (society permeated by medicalization; social

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iatrogenesis; clinical iatrogenesis; cultural iatrogenesis; crisis of the biomedical paradigm of health and illness). Lay conceptualization of health (pain and its psychological dimensions; pain as a bio-social phenomenon; sociocultural variations and expressions of pain; professional acknowledgment of pain/symptoms). Health Care (organization as a system; open system; theory of action; power in the system of executing health care; bureaucratization; rationalization; negotiation; team work; professional autonomy and the power of health-care professional groups in the health care system).Seminars:The life-style: sociocultural defining of the patient’s behaviour (empiric research). Differences in the perception of health in relation to the socio-economic status (empiric research). Dimensions of patient stigmatization: HIV and cancer cases (empiric research). Analysis of the status of anorexia nervosa as a syndrome of Western culture (empiric research). Discussion about pain: lay explanatory models (empiric research). Medicalization: cases of menopause and dyslexia (empiric research). Socio-demographic characteristics of the patient as determinants of patient satisfaction with medical care (empiric research). Paternalism and the patient’s autonomy (empiric research).Literature:1. Staničić, Ž. (2005) Sociologija zdravlja i bolesti. Basic concepts, script.2. Bond, J. And Bond, S. (2003) Sociology and Health Care. Second Edition, Churchill, Livingstone.3. Taylor, S. And Field, D. (eds.) (2003) Sociology of Health and Health Care, Third Edition, Blackwell Publishing.4. White, K. (2002) Introduction to the Sociology of Health and Illness. SAGE Publications, London.Thousand Oaks. New York.5. Williams, S.J., Gabe, J. and Calnan, M. (eds.) (2000) Health, Medicine and Society. Key Theories, Future and Agendas. Routledge. Taylor and Fransis Group. London and New York.6. Glanz, K. Lewis, F.M. and Rimer, B.K. (eds.) (1997) Health Behaviour and Health Education. Theory, Research, and Practice, Second Edition, Jossey-Bass. A Wiley Company.

Teaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 1I and 2IICourse status: obligatory courseStudy years: 1st and 2nd yearSemester: 2 and 3Number of ECTS points: 7.5 + 6 = 13.5Lecturers: Full Professor Nikola Kujundžić, Full Professor Svjetlana LuterottiAim of course: The course is aimed at introducing the students to the theoretical principles and importance of chemical analysis and its application in chemical identification, characterization, separation and quantitative analysis.Prerequisites:Enrolment: To enrol for the course Analytical Chemistry II2 students must have a certified attendance record for Analytical Chemistry 1.Exam: To take the exam in Analytical Chemistry I1 students must have passed the exam in General Chemistry with Stochiometry; to take the exam in Analytical Chemistry II2 it is necessary to pass Analytical Chemistry I1.Course content: Lectures:The role of chemical analysis, analytical process and methods, sample and sampling, types of chemical reactions. Performance characteristics of analytical procedures; sensitivity, selectivity. Analytical application of protolytic, complex-forming, redox and luminescence reactions. Homogeneous, heterogeneous and complex equilibrium in chemical analysis, masking and demasking. Theoretical principles of separations. Principles and analytical application of solvent extraction, ion exchange, methods on capillary supports and chromatographic methods. Basic principles of quantitative analysis, errors in chemical analysis. Principles of gravimetric analysis, characteristics of precipitates and reagents for precipitation, calculation of the result. Titrimetric methods of analysis, standard solutions, titration curves, methods of precipitation, neutralimetric, redox, complexometric titrations, non-aqueous titrations.Seminars:

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Selective precipitation/dissolution. Characteristic/selective reactions. Analytical calculating of chemical equilibrium, simple, complex. Data analysis and evaluation of the result of the quantitative analysis.Laboratory:Systematic analysis and microidentification of inorganic and organic ions. Chemical identification of functional groups in organic compounds. Treatment and analysis of the solid sample. Separation of mixture of cations/anions by selective precipitation/dissolution, by ionic exchange on the column and by solvent extraction. Separation and identification of organic compounds by thin layer chromatography. Gravimetric analysis. Volumetric analysis (precipitation, complexometric, neutralimetric, redox).Literature:1. D. A. Skoog, D. M. West and F. J. Holler: Osnove analitičke kemije, 6th edition in English, 1st edition in Croatian, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1999.2. R. Kellner, J.-M. Mermet, M. Otto and H. M. Widmer (ur.): Analytical Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998.3. F. W. Fifield and D. Kealey: Principles and Practice of Analytical Chemistry, 5th edition, Blackwell Science, Oxford 2000.4. M. Valcárcel: Principles of Analytical Chemistry, A textbook, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 2000.5. Z. Šoljić: Kvalitativna kemijska analiza anorganskih tvari, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 2003.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY I1 and II2Course status: obligatory courseStudy year: 1st and 2nd yearSemester: 2 and 3Number of ECTS points: 7.5 + 6 = 13.5Lecturers: Associate Professor Stanko Uršić, Assistant Professor Viktor PilepićAim of course: The aim of the course should be to acquire, to a reasonable extent, the basic knowledge of physical chemistry as the discipline that establishes and develops the principles used in explanation and interpretation of observations in other branches of

chemistry. The approach involves fundamentals of modern physical chemistry methods and instrumentation. Integrating everything mentioned, students should be able to participate in the relevant interdisciplinary physical chemistry research or analytical work in pharmacy and medicinal biochemistry.Prerequisites:Enrolment: to enrol for the course Physical Chemistry II students must have passed the exam in Physics and have a certifed attendance record for Physical Chemistry I.Exam: to take the exam in Physical Chemistry I students must have passed the exam in General Chemistry with Stochiometry; to take the exam in Physical Chemistry II it is necessary to pass the exam in Physical Chemistry I and Mathematics with Statistical Analysis.Course content: Lectures:Comprise discussion about the properties and structure of physical chemistry systems and analysis of the dynamics of transformations starting from the basic insights into thermodynamics, spectroscopy, kinetics, electrochemistry and colloidal chemistry. The approach, though standard in the catalogue of pertaining items, should be adapted to and correspond with the requirements encountered in the graduate study course of pharmacy and medicinal biochemistry. This holds for the study of thermodynamic concepts and laws and the corresponding applications in pharmacy and medicinal biochemistry, as well as for the fundamentals of spectroscopy, kinetics, electrochemistry and colloidal chemistry.Seminars:Following the above approach, seminar work comprises solving numerical examples and problems related to the content and requirements of the lectures.Laboratory:Determination of the heats of chemical reactions, coagulation of the colloidal system, adsorption, determination of the relative molar masses from cryoscopic measurements, determination of reaction rate constants, potentiometric titration, pH determination, titration and applications, conductimetric titration, amperometric titration, use and measurement of optical rotation.

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Literature:1. P.W. Atkins, Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press 2002. (or edition from 1998; the earlier editions could be also used)2. A. T. Florence and D. Attwood, Physicochemical Principles of Pharmacy, Macmillan 1994.3. R.S. Berry, S.A. Rice and J. Ross, Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press 2000.4. A. Martin, P. Bustamante, A. H. C. Chun (Illustrator), Physical Pharmacy: Physical Chemistry Principles in the Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4 ed., Lea & Febiger, 1993.5. M. M. Amiji, B. J. Sandmann (Editors), Applied Physical Pharmacy, McGraw-Hill, 2002.6. D. H. Everett, Basic Principles of Colloid Science, the Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge 1994.7. R. A. Williams, Editor, Colloid and Surface Engineering, Applications in the process industries, Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd., Oxford, 1994.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Course status: obligatory courseStudy years: 2nd yearSemester: 3Number of ECTS points: 11.5Lecturers: Full Professor Olga Kronja, Full Professor Associate Professor Valerije Vrček, Assistant Professor Sandra Jurić, Assistant Professor Bernard DenegriAim of course: The course aim is to teach students, applying a mechanistic approach, the properties and reactivity of basic organic structures, basic strategies of organic synthesis, and basic synthetic methods in a laboratory.Prerequisites:Enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in General Chemistry and Stoichiometry course.Exam: none.Course content: The fundamental thesis of the molecular structure of organic compounds is introduced first to enable students to better comprehend the aim of the course, and to give them the basis for understanding the theory and laboratory

practice. The subject matter is distributed over the compounds that react similarly (similar bond breaking and bond forming processes). At the very beginning, students are informed about the relation between molecular structure and reactivity. General features of organic reactions are introduced with the group of carbonyl compounds. Carbonyl groups are an integral part of many (bio)organic compounds, which makes the role of organic chemistry more evident. These groups are polar and therefore suitable for an extensive mechanistic study of bond making/breaking processes. Also, understanding of polar reactions involving other groups of compounds. Besides nucleophilic addition and substitution reactions of carbonyl compounds, nucleophilic substitution reactions at saturated carbon are presented. Nucleophilic/electrophilic properties of carbonyl compounds are presented in the chemistry of alpha-carbanion compounds, elimination reactions and electrophilic additions are presented in the chemistry of alkenes and alkynes, while electrophilic substitutions are presented on aromatic compounds. Polycyclic and heterocyclic compounds are also covered, while the strategy of organic synthesis is considered at the end of the course.Literature:1. Organska kemija, Stanley H. Pine (translated by I. Bregovec and V. Rapić), Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1994.2. Praktikum preparativne organske kemije, O. Kronja and S. Borčić, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 2004.3. Organic Chemistry, T. Graham Solomon, C. B. Fryhle, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2004.4. Organic Chemistry, J. McMurry, Brooks/Cole Pub. Co., 2003.5. Organic Chemistry, A Modern Perspective, D.E. Lewis, A Times Mirror Company, 1996.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 2nd yearSemester: 3Number of ECTS points: 3.5

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Lecturer: Associate Professor Jerka Dumić BelamarićSanja DabelićAim of course: Get students acquainted with the molecular arsenal, structure, function, and organisation of living matter. Recognise the chemical logic of bioprocesses and gain laboratory experience in studying biomolecules.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Cell Biology with Genetics; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in General Chemistry with StochiometryCourse content: Chemical elements of living matter. Properties of water. C-compounds and functional groups. Biological macromolecules: directionality, modular architecture, conformational dynamics, information, complementariness, hierarchical organisation, non-covalent interactions. Amino acids: ionisation properties. Peptides. Proteins: classification, four levels of structural organization, the role of disulfide bridges, solubility, sequencing. Nucleic acids (nucleotides, structures of nucleic acids, double helix, recombinant DNA). Lipids and membranes (fatty acids, complex lipids, structure and function of membranes). Carbohydrates, glycolconjugates and glycocalyx. Energetics of life (Metastability of open system. Gibbs energy and energy coupling. Group transfer potential and ATP). Reversible and irreversible reactions. Reduction potential. Gradients and transmembrane trafficking. Enzyme catalysis and controlled reaction rates (Transition state and activation energy. Recognition and catalytic sites: specificity and rate enhancement. Coenzymes. Steady state kinetics. Inhibition; alosteric effectors; isoenzymes; covalent modifications; nonprotein biocatalysts). Vitamins. Hormones. Experimental study of specific biomolecular properties and structure.Literature:1. M. Flögel et al., "Uvod u Biokemiju", Scripta Biochemica, FBF, 2001, ISBN 953-6256-23-12. M. Flögel et al., "Biokemijski praktikum I", Scripta Biochemica, FBF, 2001. ISBN 953-6256-12-63. G.M. Cooper, Stanica, molekularni pristup, 2. chapter: Stanična kemija, Medicinska naklada Zagreb 2004

4. J.M.Berg, J.L.Tymoczko, L. Stryer, Biochemistry, 5. edition, Part I (Chapters 1-13) Freeman, New York, 2001.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in EnglishTeaching language: Croatian

PHYSICAL EDUCATIONCourse status: obligatory courseStudy years: 1st and 2nd yearSemester: 1, 2, 3 and 4Coordinator of practical education: Senior Lecturer Tihomir Vidreanski, PhDDrago Vujević, PhDAim of course: Imparting information about physical education for the well-being, work, creating and adaptive capability necessary for the human way of living.Course content: The course content developed on the basis of the influence of physical education on personality changes and treating the individual as an integral bio-psychosocial complex contains: basic program which is obligatory for the 1st and 2nd year students according to the following criteria - interest and motivation of student in a specific kinesiology area and level of motoric information, sex, and financial means; extra-curriculum activities – sport teams representing the Faculty at University championships.Literature:1. Available literature assessing the effects of physical activity on human health preservation and in therapeutic purposesTeaching manner: seminars and physical activitesTeaching language: Croatian

MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY Course status: obligatory courseStudy year: 2nd yearSemester: 4Number of ECTS points: 8Lecturers: Assistant Associate Professor Ivan Kosalec, AssociateAssistant Professor Maja Šegvić KlarićAim of course: The program covers the basics of bacteriology, immunology, virusology and parasitology. The objectives include: studying morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of

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microorganisms, antigen structure, production and mechanism of antibiotics activity, as well as infectivity, immunological response and pathogenesis of pathogen species of bacteria, fungi and parasites.Prerequisites:Enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Cell Biology with GeneticsExam: noneCourse content: The basic course content includes taxonomy, biology (physiology, biochemistry and genetics of microorganisms), antibiosis (production of antibiotics and mechanisms of their action), immunology (cellular and humeral immunity), pathogenic, virulent and antigenic characteristics of aerobic and anaerobic, Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria, mycoplasms, viruses and fungi, as well as classification and life cycles of parasites. Through lectures and seminars students will learn about sterility control, serological diagnostics, vaccines production and characteristics, hospital infections, prevention of professional diseases, diagnostics and prevention of bacterial and fungal infections.Literature:1. E. Jawetz, J.L. Melnick, E.A. Adelberg: Pregled medicinske mikrobiologije, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1980.2. S. Kalenić, E. Mlinarić-Missoni: Medicinska bakteriologija i mikologija, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2001.3. N. Kučišec-Tepeš: Specijalna bakteriologija i odabrana poglavlja iz mikrobiologije, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1994.4. B. Richter: Medicinska parazitologija, Merkur A.B.D., Zagreb, 2002.5. S. Duraković: Opća mikrobiologija, PTI - Zagreb, 1996.6. H. Weisglass: Medicinska bakteriologija, Jumena, Zagreb, 1989.7. B. Kršnjavi: Medicinska parazitologija, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1987.8. T. Naglić, D. Hajsig, J. Madić, Lj. Pinter: Praktikum opće mikrobiologije i imunologije, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1992.9. L. Ožegović, S. Pepeljnjak: Mikotoksikoze, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1995.10. Z. Brudnjak: Medicinska virologija, Jug. Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 1984.

11. M. Prescott, J.P. Harley, D.A. Klein: Microbiology, Wm. C. Brown Publ., Dubuque, Iowa, 1993.12. E. W. Koneman, S.D. Allen, W.M. Janda, P.C. Schreckenberger, W.C. Winn, Jr.: Diagnostic Microbiology, Lippincott-Raven Publ., Philadelphia, 1997.13. V. Presečki et al.: Virologija, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2002.Teaching manner: lectures and laboratoryAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in EnglishTeaching language: Croatian

PHYSIOLOGY AND HUMAN ANATOMY Course status: obligatory courseStudy year: 2st yearSemester: 4Number of ECTS points: 9Number of ECTS points: Lecturer: Assistant Associate Professor Danica Galešić Ljubanović; Assistant Professor Stela BulimbašićAim of course: Anatomy and function of tissues, organs and the entire body. Explanation why anatomy and function are connected and which regulatory mechanisms sustain the normal body function.Prerequisites:Enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Cell Biology with Genetics.Exam: none.Course content: Body organization, nomenclature, transmembrane traffic, membranous receptors, membranous and action potentials, main tissues, skin, skeletal system, basic muscle anatomy, mechanism of muscle contraction, heart and circulatory system, blood, blood pressure, haematopoiesis, cell proliferation factors, haemostasis, blood groups, lymphatic system, basic immunology, respiratory system, urinary system, urine, digestive system, food digestion and absorption, liver and pancreas anatomy and function, regulation of body temperature, vitamins, nervous system, neurotransmitters, eye, ear, endocrine system, reproductive system, pregnancy and lactation, basic embryology.Literature:1. Guyton AC, Hall JE. Medicinska fiziologija, 10th edition, Medicinska naklada. Zagreb, 2003.

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2. Keros P, Pećina M, Ivančić-Košuta M. Temelji anatomije čovjeka. Naprijed, Zagreb, 1999.3. Junquera LC, Carnerio J, Kelley RO. Osnove histologije. Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1999.4. Sadler TW. Langmanova medicinska embriologija, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1996.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

BIOCHEMISTRY Course status: obligatory courseStudy years: 2nd yearSemester: 4 Number of ECTS points: 10.5Lecturers: Full Professor Tihana Žanić Grubišić, Full Professor Karmela Barišić, Associate Full Professor Lada RumoraAim of course: Introduction to the molecular logic of biochemical reactions in living organisms.Program covers the synthesis and degradation of biomacromolecules: proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids. Special emphasis is laid on the regulation and control of metabolic reactions within the cell.Prerequisites:Enrolment requirements for this subject – Biological Chemistry course completed; Exam: passed examination in Biological Chemistry.Course content: Dynamic aspects of the structure and function for special proteins: haemoglobin, myoglobin, collagen, elastin, and extracellular matrix proteins. Cell membranes in different tissues: transport of ions, amino acids, and sugars. Transducing and storing of metabolic energy - basic concept and design. Glycolysis, oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, the citric acid cycle. Cell bioenergetics, ATP cycle, respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation. Gluconeogenesis and pentose monophosphate pathway. Glycogen metabolism – glycogenesis and glycogenolysis and hormone regulation. Lipid metabolism: biosynthesis and degradation of triglycerides: fatty acids: - oxidation and biosynthesis, glycerophosphatides, cholesterol and steroid lipids. Amino acid degradation, urea cycle. Biosynthesis of

macromolecular precursors, amino acids, hem, ribonucleotides, deoxyribonucleotides. Information in biological systems: DNA – genetic role, structure, genome organisation, chromosomes, genes. Organisation of DNA, histones. DNA conformation. Replication and reliability of the process. Mutations and corrections. RNA and genetic message translation. Synthesis and modification of functional RNA molecules: mRNA and transcription, t-RNA, activation and role in protein synthesis, structure of ribosomes, r- RNA. Genetic code and gene to protein relation. Protein synthesis. Control of gene expression in prokaryotes - Lac-operon and Trp - operon. Chromosomes in eukaryotes and control of gene expression. Introns and exons. Integration of metabolism – global regulation of biochemical processes within the cell – control strategies.Literature:1. L. Stryer: Biokemija, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1991.2. JM Berg, JL Tymoczko, L. Stryer: Biochemistry, fifth edition, Freeman, New York, 2002.3. TM Devlin: Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlation, J. Wiley & sons, New York, 2003.4. K. Saltsman, J. Berg, G. Tomaselli: A Clinical Companion to Accompany Biochemistry, Freeman, New York, 2002.5. C. Smith, AD Marks: MMarks' basic Medical Biochemistry, A Clinical Approach. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2005.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

MEDICINAL CHEMISTRYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 2nd yearSemester: 4Number of ECTS points: 3.5Lecturer: Associate Professor Milena Jadrijević- Mladar- TakačAim of course: To introduce students to pharmacotherapeutic groups of drugs. Understanding the structural and therapeutic relationships, mechanisms of action, side effects and contraindications of drugs in clinical use.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in

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Organic Chemistry course completed I; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Organic Chemistry I.ICourse content:Introduction to medicinal chemistry, Drug discovery, Structural and physicochemical features of drug action, From the drug concept to market, SAR/QSAR, Design and application of prodrugs, Modern drug approaches in new drug research, Drug classification, Therapeutic groups: Gastrointestinal drugs, Blood and blood products, Plasma substituents and expanders, Antianemics, Diagnostic contrast agents, Anti-infectives (antiseptics and disinfectants, sulphonamides, antibiotics, antiprotozoic drugs), Tuberculostatics, Antifungal drugs, Anthelmintics, Virustatics, Anticancer drugs, Psychopharmacological drugs, Analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs, Antitussives, Expectorants, Antimigraine drugs, Uricosurics, Anaesthetics, Muscle relaxants, Antiepileptic drugs, Antiparkinsonian drugs, Parasympathomimetics, Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers, Antimuscarinics-parasympatholitics, Cardiac glycosides, Antihypertensive drugs, Diuretics, Anticoagulants, Antihaemorrhagic drugs, Antihistamines, Antidiabetics, Hormones, Eicosanoides, Lipid lowering drugs, Vitamins, Essential trace elements, Fatty acids.Literature:1. Farmaceutska kemija – internal script (M. Jadrijević-Mladar Takač and S. Rendić)2. Foye’s Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, 5th Ed., D. A. Williams, T. L. Lemke (ed.), Lipincott Williams & Wilkins, New York, 2002.3. Drug Action – Basic Principles and Therapeutic Aspects, Medfarm, Scientific Publishers, Stutgart, 19964. Martindale – The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st Ed., The Pharmaceutical Press, London, 1996.5. Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18th Ed. (A. Genaro, ed.) Mack Publishing Company, Easton Pensylvania, 1990.6. Medicinal Chemistry, G. Patrick, Bios Scientific Publishers Ltd., Oxford, 2001.Teaching manner: lectures Assesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy years 3rd yearSemester: 5Number of ECTS points: 7.5Lecturer: Associate Professor Milan Kujundžić, Assistant Professor Ivica GrgurevićAim of course: The aim of the course is to present the basics of modern pathophysiology, starting from the cause of disease, pathogenesis, clinical status, and sometimes a short reference to therapy.Prerequisites:Enrolment requirements for this subject – Physiology and Human Anatomy course and Microbiology with Parasitology course completed.Exam: passed examination in Physiology and Human Anatomy.Course content: Basics of pathophysiology. Pathophysiology of blood and blood-forming organs. Pathophysiology of the immune system. Pathophysiology of the kidney. Pathophysiology of the gastroenterological system. Pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system. Pathophysiology of the respiratory system. Pathophysiology of endocrine glands. Pathophysiology of metabolism disorders. Major pathophysiological processes in the nervous system. Basics of pathology. Basics of working with patients and conducting clinical interviews.Literature:1. M. Kujundžić et al., Klinička patofiziologija, FBF Zagreb, 2003.2. B. Vrhovac et al., Interna medicina (3. and extended edition), Medicinska naklada Zagreb, 2003.3. S. Gamulin et al., Patofiziologija, Medicinska naklada Zagreb, 2002.4. S.L. Robins, Osnove patologije, Školska knjiga, 1994. and later editions.Teaching manner: lectures, and seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in EnglishTeaching language: Croatian

GENERAL CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY Course status: obligatory courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 5 Number of ECTS points: 13.5

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Lecturers: Full Professor Ivana Čepelak, Associate Professor József Petrik, Associate Professor Roberta PetlevskiAim of course: Introducing the students to analytical quality specification of methods used for the measurement of analytes in biological fluids, cells and tissues in order to assess the pathological changes in the human organism.Prerequisites:Enrolment requirements for this subject –Biochemistry and Physiology and Human Anatomy courses completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Biochemistry and Physiology and Human Anatomy.Course content:Principles of medical biochemistry laboratory work: preanalytical, analytical and postanalytical phases, specimens, techniques and instrumentations, quality assurance, methods, reference intervals. Water and electrolytes: water and electrolytes balance and regulations, fluid compartments, water, sodium, potassium, chloride, lithium, calcium, phosphates, magnesium, disturbances and disorders, methods of determination. Acid-base balance and blood gases: definitions and diagnostic parameters of acid-base balance, buffer systems, kidney and lung as control systems, acid-base disturbances, methods of determination. Proteins in body fluids: proteins in plasma and serum, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, transudates, exudates, metabolism and catabolism of proteins, individual plasma proteins, methods of determination, disorders. Non-protein nitrogen compounds: amino acids, urea, urate, creatine, creatinine, ammonium, disorders, methods of determination. Carbohydrates: metabolism and hormonal regulation, diabetes mellitus, acute and chronic complications, hypoglycaemia, glycated haemoglobin, fructosamine, disorders in the metabolism of galactose, fructose and glycogen, methods of determination. Lipids and lipoproteins: metabolism and hormonal regulation, structure and physiology of lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids, disturbances, methods of determination. Enzymes: enzymes in plasma, organ-specific enzymes, isoenzymes, methods of determination of catalytic activity and enzyme mass, LDH, AST, ALT, ALP, GGT,

CK, AP, amylase, lipase, principles of diagnostic enzymology. Trace elements: iron, copper, zinc, selenium, characteristics of essential trace element functions, disorders, methods of determination. Qualitative and quantitative urine and other body fluid analysis.Literature:1. Štraus B. Medicinska biokemija, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb 1992.2. Štraus B et al. Analitičke tehnike u kliničkom laboratoriju, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb 1997.3. Juretić D. et al. Medicinska biokemija: priručnik, propisi, testovi, internal script, faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, 1998.4. Zilva JF, Pannall PR. Klinička kemija u dijagnostici i terapiji, III extended edition, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1992.5. Flegar-Meštrić Z., Jagarinec N. et al. Referentne vrijednosti biokemijskih i hematoloških sastojaka krvi u školske djece i adolescenata grada Zagreba, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 1997.6. CD with lecture’s contents7. Burtis CA, Ashwood ER. Tietz textbook of Clinical Chemistry, W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 2000.8. Kaplan LA, Pesce AJ, Kazmierczak SC. Clinical Chemistry: Theory-Analysis-Correlation, Mosby, London, 4th edition, 2003.9. Guder WG, Narayanan S, Wisser H, Zawta B. Samples: from the patient to the laboratory, Git Verlag GMBH, Darmstadt, 1996.Teaching manner: lectures and, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

HAEMATOLOGY I1 and II2Course status: obligatory courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 5 and 6Number of ECTS points: 1014Lecturers: Full Professor Mirna Sučić, Full Professor Renata ZadroAim of course: To teach students the structure and function of haematopoietic and lymphatic systems and cells; introduction to clinical and laboratory findings on disorders and diseases of leukocytes, erythrocytes and thrombocytes.Prerequisites:

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Haematology I1: enrolment requirements for this subject – Physiology and Human Anatomy course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Physiology and Human Anatomy.Haematology II2: enrolment requirements for this subject – Haematology I1 and Patophysiology and Patology courses course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Haematology I1.Course content:Structure and function of haematopoietic organs, stem haematopoietic cells. Differentiation of haematopoietic cells, cytokines, chemokines. Erythropoiesis, cytomorphology of erythropoiesis. Functions of erythrocytes, iron and iron metabolism, haemoglobin. Erythrocyte metabolism, function of B12 and folates in maturation of haematopoietic cells. Lymphatic system, T and B lymphocytes, NK cells. Cellular and antibody immune response, complement system. Histocompatibility system and its function. Granulopoiesis, granulocyte functions and metabolism. Thrombopoiesis maturation, functions of thrombocytes. Monocytopoiesis, macrophages, functions and metabolism of monocytes, adhesion molecules. Eosinophils and basophils, functions and metabolism.Classification of anaemias, clinical and laboratory findings in anaemias. Hypoproliferative anaemias. Anaemias caused by defective maturation: iron deficiency anaemia, megaloblastic and nonmegaloblastic macrocytic anaemias. Haemolytic anaemias. Diseases of stem haematopoietic cells: aplastic anaemia, paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria. Disorders and diseases of granulocytes and monocytes. Leukocytosis and leukopenias. Disorders and diseases of lymphocytes. Lymphocytosis and lymphopenias. Infectious mononucleosis. Immunodeficiency syndromes. AIDS. Clinical implications of lymph node enlargement and diagnosis. Splenomegaly and hypersplenism. Malignant diseases of myeloid cells. Chronic myeloproliferative diseases; myelodysplastic syndrome; acute myeloid leukaemias. Malignant diseases of lymphatic cells. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia; malignant lymphomas, acute lymphoblastic leukaemias. Multiple

myeloma, macroglobulinemia Waldenstroem, heavy chain disease, monoclonal gamapathy, amyloidosis. Diseases of thrombocytes; thrombocytopenias, thrombasthenias, acquired thrombocyte disorders, thrombocytosis. Allogenic and autologous transplantation of stem haematopoietic cells.Literature:1. Labar B, Hauptmann E. et al. Hematologija, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1998.2. McKenzie SB. Textbook of haematology, second edition, Williams and Wilkins – Waverly Company, 1996.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in EnglishTeaching language: Croatian

PHYSICAL BIOCHEMISTRYCourse study: obligatory courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 5Number of ECTS points: 5Lecturer: Associate Full Professor Jerka Dumić BelamarićAim of course: Understand thermodynamic and kinetic principles supporting the metastability of the living system. Perform selected kinetic and thermodynamic measurements producing reliable results.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Physical Chemistry II2, Biochemistry course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Biochemistry. Course content:Life, energy and metabolism. Entropy and equilibrium. Non-equilibrium steady state and energy flow. Parameters affecting Gibbs free energy. Chemical and electrochemical potentials. Coupling of endergonic and exergonic reactions. Oxidation/reduction potentials. ATP and ion gradients: intermediate energy stores. Water properties. Acid-base equilibria. H+ homeostasis. Ionization of amino acids. Stabilization forces and dynamics of protein conformation. Significance of quarternary structure. Activation energy. Enzymes: recognition and activation. Functional domains. Transition state theory. Rate equation in steady state. Temperature and ionic

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strength effect. Levels of activity regulation. Multiple equilibria. Allosteric effectors. Hill’s diagram and cooperativity coefficient. Multienzyme complexes. Membranes and principles of passive, assisted, and active transport. Optimized molar ratios in metabolic reactions and cell volume. Energy partition and conservation. Electron carriers. Oxidative phosphorylation. Alternative uses of proton gradients. Uncoupling electron transfer from phosphorylation. Group transfer potential. Unidirectionality of biological processes. Integrated view of energy metabolism. Evolution of bioenergetic systems.Literature:1. M. Flögel, Fizikalna biokemija, I. and II. part, Scripta Biochemica FBF Zagreb, 2003 (ISBN 953-6256-04-5/1 and 953-6256-04-5/2, second edition2. M. Flögel et al., Biokemijski praktikum II, Scripta Biochemica FBF Zagreb, 2003 (ISBN 953-6256-10-X), second edition3. E.Cornish-Bowden, Fundamentals of Enzyme Kinetics, Portland Press, London, 1999.4. D.A. Harris, Bioenergetics at Glance, Blackwell Science Ltd., Oxford, 1996.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY WITH GENETIC ENGINEERINGCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 6Number of ECTS points: 6Lecturers: Associatesistant Professor Gordana Maravić Vlahoviček, Full Professor Gordan LaucAim of course: To introduce students to the theoretical basis and practical applications of molecular biology and genetic engineering.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Biochemistry; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Microbiology with Parasitology.Course content:Organization and sequences of cell genomes: genome size, non-coding DNA, chromosome organization. Maintenance and rearrangements of genomic DNA:

DNA damage and repair, SOS response, site specific recombination, mobile genetic elements. Methods in molecular biology: PCR, DNA sequencing, SSCP, FISH, DNA microchip, Southern, Northern and Western blot, ELISA. Recombinant DNA technology: isolation and labelling of nucleic acids, enzymes, vectors and cloning strategies, recombinant vector construction, introducing DNA into host cell, production of recombinant proteins, gene libraries, mutagenesis, gene inactivation, anti-sense DNA and RNA. Advanced genetic engineering technologies: transgenic plants and animals, cloning of entire organisms, GMO, transgenic technology in functional genomics, development of new drugs and therapies. Protein sorting and transport: secretory pathway, signal sequences, endoplasmic reticulum, protein folding and processing, Golgi apparatus, vesicular transport, lysosomes. Cytoskeleton and cell movement: structure and organization of cytoskeletal fibres, cell movement. Cell cycle: phases, check points, regulation and regulatory molecules of cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and fertilization, stem cells and maintenance of mature tissue. Cell signalling: types of signal molecules and receptors, signal pathways, regulation of apoptosis. Viruses: genetic material, size, morphology, classification, replication, viroids, prions. Cancer: development and causes of cancer, tumour viruses, oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes, applications of molecular biology to cancer prevention and treatment.Literature:1. G. Maravić, G. Lauc, J. Dumić. CD with lecture’s contents2. Cooper, G.M. and Hausman, R.E. Stanica – molekularni pristup, Zagreb, Medicinska Naklada, 2004.3. Nicholl, D. S. T. An introduction to genetic engineering, 2nd ed., Cambridge Univeristy Press, 2003.4. Maravić, G., Lauc, G., Dumić, J., Dabelić, S., Šupraha, S., Gornik, O., Marcelić, T. Molekularna biologija – praktikum, Scripta biochemica, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, 2004., ISBN 953-6256-45-4.5. Cox and Sincler: Molekularna biologija, Zagreb, Medicinska Naklada, 2001.6. Primrose, S.B., Twyman, R.M. and Old, R.W., Principles of Gene Manipulation, 6th ed., Blackwell Science, 2003.

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ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY Course status: obligatory courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 6Number of ECTS points: 5Lecturer: Associate Full Professor Jerka Dumić BelamarićAim of course: Teach the theoretical bases, advantages and disadvantages of analytical methods and procedures as well as their application in biomedicine.Prerequisites:Enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Analytical Chemistry II2 and Biochemistry; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:Advanced electrophoretic methods in genomics and proteomics. Advanced immunochemical techniques and biological markers. Principles and application of spectrofluorimetry and infrared spectroscopy./Circular dichroism. Flow cytometry. High-performance chromatographies and advanced separation technologies. Principles and application of radioisotope methods. Advanced enzyme techniques. Microcalorimetry. Cristallographic methods. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and magnetic resonance in biomedicine. Electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Principles and application of mass spectroscopy. Determinaton of the primary structure of macromolecules. Microarray (microchip) technologies. Nanotechnologies. Biosensors. Molecular modeling./Bioinformatic analysis. Rational approach to planning and designing experiments. Analysis of the application of particular methods in selected scientific literature.Literature:1. J. Dumić: CD with lecture’s contents2. Biokemijski praktikum II – Fizikalna biokemija, Preparativna biokemija, Analitička biokemija. Scripta biochemica, M. Flögel, G. Lauc, J. Dumić, G. Maravić and S. Dabelić, Faculty of Pharmacy and

Biochemistry, Zagreb, 2003. ISBN 953-6256-10-x3. Practical skills in biomolecular sciences, R. H. Reed, J. D. B. Weyers, A. M. Jones, Addison Wesley Logman Ltd, 2nd ed., 2003, ISBN: 0-130-45142-84. Modern experimental biochemistry, R. F. Boyer, Addison Wesley Logman Ltd, 3rd

ed. 2001, ISBN: 0-8053-3111-55. Fundamental Laboratory Approaches for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, A.J. Ninfa and D.P. Ballou, Fitzgerald Science Press, 1998, ISBN 1-891786-00-86. selection from primary scientific literatureTeaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

IMMUNOLOGYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 6Number of ECTS points: 4Lecturer: Full Professor Branko MalenicaJerka DumićAim of course: The course is intended to provide important and recent knowledge of cellular and molecular immunology.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – Pathophysiology with Patology course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content: Overview of basic immunology: organization of the immune system-lymphoid organs, cells, communicating molecules (cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules), hystocompatibility genes and antigens. Antigen-presenting cells (APC) and antigen presentation. Innate immunity: specific receptors and their "molecular recognition patterns". Adaptive immunity-specific receptors, antigens, humoral and cellular immunity, regulation of the immune response. Overview of clinical immunology: immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, hypersensitivity, transplantation and tumour immunology. Overview of laboratory immunology: cell suspension preparation, immunofluorescence staining, FACS-analysis, methods for antigen and antibody detection, methods for detection of cellular immunity, methods of molecular genetics.

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Literature:1st andreis I, Batinić D, Čulo F, Grčević D, Marušić M, Taradi M, Višnjić D. Imunologija (6th edition), Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2004.2. Abbas KA, Lichtman HA, Pober SJ. Cellular and Molecular Immunology, WB Saunders Com., Philadelphia-London-Toronto, 2004.3. Janeway Ach Jr, Travers P, Walport M, Schlomchik JM. Immunobiology - the immune system in health and disease, Garland Science-Churchil Livingstone, New York-London, 2005.4. Roitt IM, Delves PJ. Roitts Essential Immunology (10th edition). Blackwell Science Inc. London-Paris-Berlin, 2001.5. scientific papersTeaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE ORGANS AND ORGANIC SYSTEMS I1 and II2Course status: obligatory courseStudy year: 3rd and 4th yearSemester: 6 and 7Number of ECTS points: 4 + 6 = 10Lecturers: Full Professor Ivana ČepelakJozsef Petrik, Associate Professor Nada Vrkić Aim of course: Define the meaning of the general and specific clinical-biochemical tests in the screening, prevention, diagnostics, progression, monitoring of the effects of therapy and prognosis of diseases of different organs and organic systems.Prerequisites:Clinical Biochemistry of the Organs and Organic Systems I1: enrolment requirements for this subject – General Clinical Biochemistry and Pathophysiology with Patology courses completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in General Clinical Biochemistry and Pathophysiology with Patology.Clinical Biochemistry of the Organs and Organic Systems II2: enrolment requirements for this subject – Clinical Biochemistry of the Organs and Organic Systems 1I course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Clinical

Biochemistry of the Organs and Organic Systems 1 I.Course content:Methods of evaluation of disorders of cell integrity and functions of organs and organic systems. Liver: the role of liver in metabolism, synthesis, preservation, detoxication and excretion; laboratory diagnostics of acute and chronic diseases, cholestasis. Cardiovascular system: heart symptoms, congestive heart failure, hypertension, risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, markers of heart diseases. Kidney and urinary tract: laboratory evaluation of the function, filtration, reabsorption and secretion in kidneys. Gastrointestinal tract: tests of gastric, pancreas and intestinal functions. Mineral and bone metabolism: integrated control of bone and mineral metabolism, biochemical markers of bone turnover, bone disease. Respiratory system: tests of manifestation and evaluation of lung diseases: pneumonia, asthma, COPD. Neurologic system: tests of manifestation and evaluation of inflammatory and infective diseases. Pituitary gland: hypothalamic regulation, adenohypophysis hormones, neurohypophysis hormones, tests for pituitary function assessment. Thyroid gland: thyroid hormones, analytical methodology of determination, disorders of the thyroid. Adrenal glands: general steroid chemistry, adrenocortical steroids, analytical methodology of the determination, disorders of the adrenal cortex. Tumours: metabolic changes in cancer cells, tumour markers, analytical methods of determination of tumour markers.Literature:1. Čepelak I. et al. Medicinsko-biokemijske smjernice, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb 2004.2. Štraus B. Medicinska biokemija, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 1992.3. Juretić D. et al. Medicinska biokemija: priručnik, propisi i testovi, internal script, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, 1998.4. Thomas L. Clinical laboratory diagnostics. Use and assessment of clinical laboratory results, Th-Books Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Frankfurt/Main 1998.5. Kaplan LA, Pesce AJ, Kazmierczak SC. Clinical Chemistry: Theory-Analysis-Correlation, Mosby, London, 4th edition, 2003.

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6. Burtis CA., Ashwood ER. Tietz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry, 4th edition, WB Saunders Company, A Harcourt Health Sciences Company, London, Philadelphia, 2001.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCHCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3nd yearSemester: 5.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturers: Associate Professor Stanko Uršić, Assistant Professor Viktor PilepićAim of course: The aim of the course is an advanced approach to physical chemistry and its methods starting from the model problem of the interaction of vitamin C and a toxin in solution and a colloidal system. The approach integrates applications of kinetic and thermodynamic methods and spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, NMR and ESR techniques.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Physical Chemistry II2; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:Lectures:An advanced course of the methods in physical chemistry involving thermodynamic and kinetic methods, UV, IR, NMR and ESR spectroscopies. Basic approach to the study of reaction mechanisms.Laboratory:A model exercise that integrates application of all the mentioned physical chemistry methods and techniques to investigate the interaction of vitamin C with a toxin in solution and in a colloidal system.Literature:1. P.W.Atkins, Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press 2002. (Ed. 1998., earlier editions allowed)2. A. T. Florence and D. Attwood, Physicochemical Principles of Pharmacy, Macmillan 1994.3. N. Isaacs, Physical Organic Chemistry, Pearson-Prentice Hall (Longman), Edinburgh 1995.

4. M. B. Davies, J. Austin, D. A. Partridge, Vitamin C: Its Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge 1991.5. Stanko Uršić, Valerije Vrček, Danijel Ljubas, Ivana Vinković, "Interaction of L-ascorbate with substituted nitrosobenzenes. Role of the ascorbate 2-OH group in antioxidant reactions" In: New J. Chem., (1998), 21, 221-223 (paper)6. T.H.Lowry and K.S. Richardson, Mechanism and Theory in Organic Chemisrty, HarperCollins Publishers, 1987.7. R.S. Berry, S.A. Rice and J. Ross, Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press 2000.8. R. A. Williams, Editor, Colloid and Surface Engineering, Applications in the process industries, Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd., Oxford, 1994.Teaching manner: lectures and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in EnglishTeaching language: Croatian

SELECTED METHODS OF INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSISCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3nd yearSemester: 6.Number of ECTS points: 2,5Lecturers: Full Professor Nikola Kujundžić, Full Professor Svjetlana LuterottiAim of course: The course aim is to teach the basic principles of spectroscopic, electrochemical and thermal methods of analysis as well as their application.Prerequisites: Enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Analytical Chemistry II2.Exam: none.Course content:Lectures:Theory and application of spectroscopic, electrochemical and thermal methods of analysis in the general analytical and modern medical practice. Spectroscopic methods, introduction, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, atomic-absorption (emission) spectroscopy. Electrochemical methods, introduction, electrogravimetry, ion-selective electrodes. Thermal methods,

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introduction, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry.Laboratory:Quantitative analyses of inorganic/organic analytes in simple samples, pharmaceutical or complex biological samples by the use of: electrogravimetry, potentiometric titration, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, atomic-absorption (emission) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry.Literature:1. D. A. Skoog, D. M. West and F. J. Holler: Osnove analitičke kemije, 6th edition in English, 1. edition in Croatian, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1999.2. J. Havas: Ion- and Molecule-Selective Electrodes in Biological Systems, Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 1985.3. R. D. Beaty and J. D. Kerber: Concepts, Instrumentation and Techniques in Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, Perkin Elmer Inc., Shelton, CT, 2002.4. P. Atkins and J. De Paula: Atkins' Physical Chemistry, 7th edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2002.5. D. E. Lewis, Organic Chemistry – A Modern Perspective – Preliminary Version, Wm. C. Brown Publishes, Dubuque, 1996.6. J. Olmsted III and G. M. Williams: Chemistry - The Molecular Science, Mosby, St. Louis, 1994.7. J. L. Ford and P. Timmins, Pharmaceutical Thermal Analysis – Techniques and Applications, Ellis Horwood, Chichester, 1989.8. R. Kellner, J-M Mermet, M. Otto and H. M. Widmer (editors): Analytical Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998.9. F. W. Fifield and D. Kealey: Principles and Practice of Analytical Chemistry, 5th edition, Blackwell Science, Oxford, 2000.10. M. Valcárcel: Principles of Analytical Chemistry, A textbook, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 2000.Teaching manner: lectures and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

HEALTH ECOLOGYENVIRONMENTAL HEALTHCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3nd yearSemester: 5.Number of ECTS points: 1,5

Lecturer: Full Professor Irena Vedrina-DragojevićAim of course: Introduction to health ecology as a part of ecological sciences, endangered environmental elements and human influence. Dependence of population on the impact of environmental factors on health.Prerequisite: noneCourse content: Definition of ecology, classification, terminology. Concept of sustainable development. Food chain contaminants – influence on human health. Health aspects of ecology. Ecological concepts of health. Ecological toxicants and risk assessments. Health criteria: primary and secondary standards. Environmental factors and health. Physical factors (micro- and macroclimatic), mechanical energy (noise, vibrations), radiation energy (ionic and nonionic radiation). Chemical environmental factors: metals and non-metals. Heavy metals (lead, cadmium, mercury). Microelements as contaminants. Agents used in agriculture and stock breeding as food chain contaminants – residues of pesticides and herbicides, antibiotics, hormones and veterinary preparations. Food additives and their influence on health. Impact of technological processes, processing conditions and storage on food quality (biogenic amines, mycotoxins). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitrosamines – development in natural processes and through human impact. Consumer goods as potential hazard to human health (dishes, packaging as integral part of foods, toys, cosmetics, cleaning agents). Phthalates (vinyl-softeners), use (toys, medical equipment) – cancerogenity, toxicity, human exposure, risk assessments. Carcinogens in nutrition and professional environment. Silicosis, asbestosis, skin cancer. Smoking and cancer.Literature:1. Valić, F. et al., Zdravstvena ekologija, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2001.2. Đikić, D. et al., Ekološki leksikon, glavni urednik Springer, O.P, Zagreb, Barbat, Ministarstvo okoliša i prostornog uređenja RH, 2001.3. Matas, M., Simončić, V., Šobot, S.: Zaštita okoline danas za sutra, Školska knjiga, Zagreb 1993.4. Environmental Health Criteria: World Health Organization publikacije

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5. Technical Report Series: World Health Organization publications6. Toxicants and Undesirable Food Constituents; Zapsalis, C., Beck, R.A.: Food Chemistry and Nutritional Biochemistry, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1985.7. Scientific and professional articles in Croatian and foreign journalsTeaching manner: lecturesAssesment: oral written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

SELECTED TOPICS FROM APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY Course status: elective courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 5Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Associate Professor Ilija Živković-Aim of course: Inform students about several fields of applied psychology to get an insight into basic areas of applied psychology, learn what psychologists do and how they can collaborate with them in their future professional work.Prerequisites: none.Course content: Psychology of the individual: individual differences and abilities; emotions and emotional intelligence; perception and states of consciousness, self-esteem development, evolutionary interpretation of sexual differences, parenthood and parenting styles.Psychology and education: factors that affect learning and approaches to learning; overcoming learning difficulties; lifelong learning.Literature:1. Petz, B. (2001). Uvod u psihologiju (chapters: 3. Naslijeđe ili okolina, 4.B. Percepcija, 5. Različita stanja svijesti, 6. Predodžbe, učenje i pamćenje, 8. Inteligencija, 9. Čuvstva i motivacija, 10. Ličnost). Jastrebarsko: Naklada Slap2. Rathus, S.A. (2000). Temelji psihologije. Jastrebarsko: Naklada SlapTeaching manner: lecturesAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian

SPECTROSCOPIC IDENTIFICATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDSCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 6.Number of ECTS points: 2.5

Lecturers: Full Professor Olga KronjaAim of course: Understanding of the basis of spectroscopic methods (NMR, IR, CD, UV-VIS, MS) and practical use of these instrumental techniques in solving the structural and dynamic properties of bioactive compounds (i.e. steroids, vitamins, drugs).Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Organic Chemistry; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:Combined application of spectroscopic methods in organic chemistry and biochemistry is an important approach in characterization of structure and dynamic properties of (bio)organic compounds. Fundamentals and practical use of mass spectrometry, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR spectroscopy in detection of (bio)organic compounds, in determining their structures and their rearrangment pathways, and in defining their portion in complex mixtures and biological materials (blood, urine). The nature of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with molecules will be explained in more details which will enable students to apply spectroscopic methods in other region of electromagnetic spectrum (microwaves, vacuum-UV). Along with identification and characterization of (bio)organic compounds, the use of especially NMR spectroscopy in analyzing of dynamic processes (i.e. conformation change, rearrangements) will be presented. Spectroscopic methods enable to accumulate and analyze kinetic parameters which gives better insight into mechanism of these processes. This is important for understanding of (bio)transformation of organic compounds.Literature:1. Spectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds, R. M. Silverstein, C. G. Bassler, T. C. Morrill, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, 1974.2. Organska kemija, Stanley H. Pine (translated by I. Bregovec and V. Rapić), Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1994.3. Tablice za određivanje strukture organskih spojeva spektroskopskim metodama, E. Pretsch i drugi (translated by Z. Meić i M. Žinić), SKTH/Kemija u industriji, Zagreb, 1982.4. Basic One- and Two-Dimensional NMR Spectroscopy, H. Friebolin, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 1998.

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METALLOPROTEINS – STRUCTURE AND MECHANISMCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 6.Number of ECTS points: 2Lecturers: Assistant Professor Mario GabričevićAim of course: To introduce different mechanisms (oxido-reductive, transport and complexation) of the reactions of metalloproteins and to demonstrate the complexity of their reactions (within seminars).Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Biochemistry and General Chemistry and Stoichiometry.Course content:It is a problem-oriented course. Students should acquire knowledge about different types of metalloproteins and their role in living organisms. Also, different methods of metalloproteins research will be introduced in lectures. Students will learn about Fluorescence, UV-Vis and Stopped-flow/Rapid Scan Spectrophotometry and use of kinetic and thermodynamic data for specific problems in the mechanisms of metalloproteins.Each student will have to prepare a presentation on a particular metalloprotein, focused on structure and mechanism. The presentation will have to cover the last 3-4 years of scientific research on the chosen metalloprotein and is expected to last at least half-an-hour.In the laboratory, students will run experiments of the complexation of Fe(III) ion with metalloprotein transferrin using the Stopped-flow/RapidScan UV-Vis and Stopped-flow/RapidScan Fluorescence Spectrophotometry as complementary methods. They will investigate the influence of temperature, pH, ionic strength, concentration of reactants and concentration of exogenous anions (HCO3-, H2PO4-, citrate, NTA, etc.) on the rate of complexation on C- and N-terminal ends of transferrin.

Based on the results, they will propose the mechanism of complexation.Literature:1. Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Joseph R. Lakowicz, Second Edition, 1999. – selected chapters2. Handbook on Metalloproteins, editors: I. Bertini, A. Siegel, H. Siegel, 2001. – selected chaptersTeaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

MODER BIOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUESCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 5.Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturers: Full ProfessorAssistant Professor Sandra Šupraha Goreta, Associate Professor Sanja Dabelić Jerka Dumić Belamarić, PhDAim of course: Learn the theoretical bases, applications and limitations of modern biochemical and molecular-biological methods and procedures, understand the principles of modern biochemical and molecular-biological procedures and methods, learn how to select the appropriate method for collecting experimental data, know the scope and limitations of the selected bioanalytical method, interpret data obtained using the selected bioanalytical method.Conditions:Enrolment conditions: passed exam in Biological Chemistry and a certified attendance record of BiochemistryExam conditions: passed exam in Analytical Chemistry II2 and BiochemistryCourse contents:Analysis and quantification of biomolecules, Sources and preparation of biological material/Cell and tissue cultures. Sedimentation methods. Chromatographic methods. Electrophoretic methods. Electrochemical methods. Immunochemical methods. Modern methods of DNA analysis. Spectroscopic methods. Result analysis and presentation. Bioanalytical approach from the aspect of diagnostics, research and pharmacy.

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Recommended literature: 1. J. Dumić et al. Analytical biochemstry Powerpoint presentations (as part of e-course)2.Practical skills in biomolecular sciences, R. H. Reed, J. D. B. Weyers, A. M. Jones, Addison Wesley Logman Ltd. 2nd ed., 2003, ISBN: 0-130-45142-8.Teaching methods: theoretical, problem solving and practicalGrading methodsAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching in English is possible.

BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES AND CELL SIGNALLINGCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 5Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturers: Full Professor Tihana Žanić Grubišić, Associate Full Professor Lada RumoraAim of course: The program covers fundamental structure-function relationships in membrane proteins. Molecular mechanisms underlying signal transduction and regulation of signalling pathways will be studied.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject –Biochemistry course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Biochemistry.Course content:Membrane dynamics, structure and organisation; Different types of membrane transport; Families of membrane proteins; Anion channels: -aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), multidrug resistance transporters (MDR); Membrane-bound enzymes: adenosine triphosphatases (ATPases); Ectoenzymes; Cell receptors as signalling molecules: G-protein-coupled receptors, tyrosine kinase receptors, death receptors; Signal transduction in the cell: signalling pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K), caspases, bcl-2 proteins; Signalling pathways as therapeutic targets.Literature:1. Voet, Voet, Pratt: Biochemistry, J. Wiley & Sons, 1999.2. Lodish et al.: Molecular cell biology, W.H. Freeman and Company, 1997.

3. Alberts et al.: Molecular biology of the cell, Garland publishing company, 1996.4. Krauss G.: The biochemistry of signal transduction and regulation, J. Wiley & Sons, 2003.5. Finkel T., Gutkind J.S.: Signal transduction and human disease, Wiley-Liss 2003.6. relevant review papers7. relevant scientific papersTeaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

MEMBRANE TRANSPORT OF MATTER AND INFORMATIONCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 6Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Associate Professor Krešimir SankovićAim of course: To address the importance of structural and functional role of cell membranes, particularly in transport of matter and information and in regulation of biological processes.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Biochemistry and in PhysicsCourse content:Molecular organization of cell membranes, intermolecular interactions. Phase diagrams lipid/water, status of proteins in membranes. Equilibrium of neutral and charged species across membranes. Electrochemical potential, Nernst equation, osmotic pressure. Passive transport of neutral and charged species across membranes. Diffusion potential, Goldman equation, origin of biopotential. Active transport, ionic channels. Electrical excitation of membranes: action potential, impulse transport along the axon. Hodgkin-Huxley model – electrical equivalent schemes. Synapse - chemical link in signal transfer of information. Chemical transmitters of information between brain cells; memory.Literature:1. R. Glaser: Biophysics, Springer, Berlin, 2000.2. T. F. Weiss: Cellular Membranes, Vol. I and II, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass, SAD, 1996.

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3. R. B. Gennis: Biomembranes, molecular structure and function, Springer, Heidelberg, 1999.4. J. G. Nichols, A. R. Martin, B. G. Wallas: From neuron to brain, Sinauer, Sunderland, Mass., USA, 1992.5. lecture handoutsTeaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

HUMAN AND POPULATION GENETICSCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 7Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Associate Full Professor Ingeborg BarišićAim of course: Introduction to the basics of human genetics - normal and abnormal structure of genetic material, incidence, prevalence and transmission of genetic diseases. Diagnostics and prevention. Population analyses- research and results.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – Molecular Biology with Genetic Engeneering course completed; contidions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Molecular Biology with Genetic Engeneering.Course content:Introduction into human genetics - genome organisation, abnormal structure of genetic material, diseases connected with disturbances in the structure of genetic material – progenesis and kiematogenesis – normal processes and disorders, nature and incidence of genetic diseases, types of inheritance, diagnostics and prevention of inborn errors of metabolism, genetic counselling, antenatal diagnosis, genetic screening, population genetics.Literature:1. Barišić I. Osnove humane genetike, script 2005; pp. 1-90.2. Barišić I. Malformacijski sindromi uzrokovani vanjskim činiocima. In: Zergollern Lj. et al. Medicinska genetika 1., Zagreb: Školska knjiga, 2nd edition, 1991; pp. 180-204.3. Zergollern Lj. Prevencija genetičkih bolesti. In: Zergollern Lj. et al. Medicinska genetika 1., Zagreb: Školska knjiga, 2nd edition, 1991; pp. 345-364.

4. Zergollern Lj et al. Razvoj humane genetike u posljednjim desetljećima. Kromosomske abnormalnosti. In: Zergollern Lj. et al. Medicinska genetika 2., Zagreb: Školska knjiga, 1994; pp. 1-63.5. Harper PS. Practical genetic counselling. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 5th ed., 2000.6. Mardešić D. Nasljedne i prenatalno stečene bolesti. In: Mardešić D. et al. Pedijatrija, Školska knjiga, 2000.7. Wilson GN, Cooley WC. Preventive management of children with congenital anomalies and syndromes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

IMMUNOCHEMISTRYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 7Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Associate Professor Slavica DodigAim of course: Teach chemical processes in immunology, basic principles of immunoassays, as well as the range and implementation of immunoassays in clinical medicine.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – Immunology course completed, passed examination in General Clinical Biochemistry; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Immunology.Course content:Antigens - structure, types. Epitopes. Blood groups ABO. Rh antigens. Haptens. Allergens. Antibodies - structure. Classes and subclasses of immunoglobulins: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, IgD. Secretory immunoglobulins. Antibody heterogeneity. Immunization. Vaccination. Preparation of hyperimmune serums. Antibodies intended for use in immunochemical analysis. Production of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. Complement - properties. Activation of complement. Classical pathway. Alternative pathway activation. Lectin pathway activation. Antigen - antibody reaction. Intermolecular attractive forces binding antigen to antibody. Affinity. Avidity. Influence of temperature, pH and salt

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concentration to affinity. Constant of steady state. Immunoassays - overview and properties. Precipitation reactions. Qualitative techniques in gel. Quantitative techniques in gel. Techniques with labelling substances. Preferences and imperfections of labels (radioisotopic labels, enzyme labels, fluorescent labels, luminescence labels). Avidin-biotin reaction. Bio-chip technology in immunochemistry. Flow cytometry. Cytochemical and histochemical methods. Standardization of in vivo and in vitro tests. Optimization. Validation. Reference intervals. Laboratory equipment for immunoassays.Literature:1. Andreis I, Čulo F, Marušić M, Taradi M: Imunologija, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2004.2. B. Štraus, A. Stavljenić-Rukavina, F. Plavšić et al.: Analitičke tehnike u kliničkom laboratoriju, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 1997.3. Roitt I, Brostoff J, Male D: Immunology, 6th edition, Mosby, London, 2001.4. S. Dodig: Astma, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 1997.5. I. Čepelak, S. Dodig, B. Štraus, B. Labar: Medicinsko-biokemijske smjernice, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2004.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian

COAGULATIONCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 7Number of ECTS points: 4Lecturer: Associate Full Professor Renata ZadroAim of course: Curriculum of Coagulation course includes the biochemistry and physiology of haemostasis, pathophysiology of thrombosis, diagnosis and treatment of both diseases.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – Haematology II2 course completed, passed examination in General Clinical Biochemistry; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Haematology II2Course content:Overview of coagulation, fibrinolysis and their regulation. The role of blood vessels in haemostasis. Biochemistry of

coagulation factors. Structure and function of factor VIII and von Willebrand factor. Disorders of haemostasis and thrombosis: classification and clinical features. Quantitative and qualitative platelet disorders. Vascular disorders. Congenital disorders of blood coagulation (haemophilia A and B, von Willebrand disease). Acquired disorders of blood coagulation (disseminated intravascular coagulation). Thrombophilia: genetic and acquired factors. Mechanism of action of anticoagulant drugs. Laboratory control of antithrombotic and antiaggregant therapy. Laboratory evaluation of haemostatic disorders: global coagulation tests (prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen), determination of coagulation and fibrinolytic factor activities, chromogenic tests for factor and inhibitor activities. Study of platelet function: bleeding time, primary haemostasis capacity, platelet aggregation.Literature:1. B. Labar, E. Hauptman et al.: Hematologija, Školska knjiga, 1998.2. McKenzie SB: Clinical Laboratory Haematology. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. 2004.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICSCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 7Number of ECTS points: 5Lecturers: Full Professor Karmela Barišić, Associate Professor Lada RumoraAim of course: The program covers the fundamental principles of molecular technology and techniques used in clinical and research laboratories, skills to perform basic procedures of molecular diagnostic testing and to interpret results.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in General Clinical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology with Genetic Engineering and Hematology II2 courses completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Haematology II2 and Molecular Biology with Genetic EngeneeringCourse content:

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Genetic bases of diseases; Methods of in vitro manipulation of nucleic acids; Extraction, quantification, hybridization and digestion of nucleic acids; Amplification techniques (PCR, RT-PCR); Electrophoresis, sequencing and detection methods; Quantitative PCR; Microarray and in-situ hybridization; General principles of genetics applied to diagnosing diseases (cystic fibrosis, Huntington disease, muscular dystrophy Duchenne, fragile x chromosome syndrome, atherosclerosis, hypertension, asthma, neurodegenerative diseases), oncology, forensic, paternity, transplantation and infectious disease; Pharmacogenetics; Interpretation of results and quality control.Literature:1. Molecular Diagnostics for the Clinical Laboratorian, W. B. Coleman and G. J. Tsongalis (Eds), Humana Press, 1997.2. Molecular Diagnostics: A Training and Study Guide, G. J. Tsongalis and W. B. Coleman (Eds), Washington, DC: AACC Press, 2002.3. handouts of lectures, seminars and practicum4. Molecular Biology in Medicinal Chemistry, T. H. Dingermann, D. Steinhilber, G. Folkers (Eds) John Wiley and Sons, 2002.5. Tietz Textbook of Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry, 4th ed; C. A. Burtis, E. R. Ashwood (Eds), WB Saunders Company, A Harcourt Health Sciences Company, 2001.6. scientific and professional papersTeaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English and German

NEUROCHEMISTRYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 7Number of ECTS points: 1.5Lecturer: Assistant Professor Milica Trbojević-ČepeKsenija FumićAim of course: Introduction to the fundamentals of neurobiology and cerebrospinal fluid diagnosis of neurological diseases.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in General Clinical Biochemistry II.Course content:

Lectures:Development of the nervous system. Anatomic and morphologic division of the central nervous system and basic functions. Cell structure (macroglia and microglia). Grey and white matter. Cell biology of neurons. Membrane and action potential. Synapses and neurotransmitters. Modes of neuron association (neuron series, pathways, circles, networks). Structure and function of the peripheral nervous system. Basic sensory and motor pathways. Lipids and proteins of the nervous system. Axon transport. Myelin. Pathobiochemical basis of neurological diseases. Cerebrospinal fluid as the "mirror" of the central nervous system.Seminars:Anatomic characteristics of fluid spaces, hydrodynamics of cerebrospinal fluid and its key functions. Blood-brain and blood-fluid barrier. Transfer of substances and cellular elements through the system of barriers. Fluid content in health and disease. Neurological diseases with the most frequent indications for fluid analysis. Cytological and biochemical fluid tests.Laboratory:Application of chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques in protein and lipid research in the cerebral tissue and cerebrospinal fluid.Literature:1. Siegel GJ, Agranoff BW, Albers RW, Molinoff PB, editors. Basic Neurochemistry. Molecular, cellular and medical aspects, 5th ed. New York: Raven Press, 1994.2. Judaš M, Kostović I. Temelji neuroznanosti. Zagreb: Medicinska naklada, 1997.3. Fish Fishman RA. Cerebrospinal fluid in disease of the nervous system, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1992.4. Felgenhauer K. Laboratory diagnosis of neurological diseases. In: Thomas L, editor. Clinical laboratory diagnostics - use and assessment of clinical laboratory results. Frankfurt: TH Books, 1998:1308-1326.5. Felgenhauer K, Beuche W, editors. Labordiagnostik Neurologischer Erkrankungen. Stuttgart: Thieme, 1999.6. Reiber H, Ungefehr S, Jacobi C. The intrathecal, polyspecific and oligoclonal immune response in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis l998; 4:111-117

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7. Reib Reiber H. Cerebrospinal fluid-physiology, analysis and interpretation of protein patterns for diagnosis of neurological diseases. Multiple Sclerosis 1998; 4:99-107Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PHARMACOLOGY Course status: obligatory courseStudy years: 4th yearSemester: 7Number of ECTS points: 8.5Lecturer: Assistantociate Professor Lidija Bach-Rojecky, PhDAim of course: Acquiring knowledge of interactions between drugs and human body.Prerequisites:Enrolment requirements for this subject – Pharmaceutical Chemistry II,Medicinal Chemistry and Patophysiology and Patology courses passed and Clinical Biochemistry of Organs and Organ Systems 1 and Molecular Biology Biopharmacy with Pharmacokinetics and Molecular Biology with Genetics courses completed, passed examination in Pathophysiology and Pathology I; ; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Biopharmacy with PharmacokineticsMicrobiology and Parasitology.Course content:Students gain knowledge of general and special pharmacology for all groups of drugs, systematized according to the anatomical-therapeutical-chemical classification (ATC-classification). Drug behaviour in the body (pharmacokinetics) and general principles of drug actions (pharmacodynamics) for more than a thousand registered drugs in Croatia. General principles of pharmacology include: 1. the main principles of pharmacokinetics - characteristics of drugs for local and systemic application, passage through cell membranes, absorption from the gastrointestinal system and after parenteral application, distribution, bioavailability, metabolism and elimination; 2. general principles of pharmacodynamic drug action, molecular mechanisms, receptors, neurotransmitters and factors affecting drug actions. Special pharmacology includes knowledge of drugs from the following fields: pharmacology of the gastrointestinal tract (drugs for peptic ulcus, laxatives,

antidiarrheal agents, antiemetics, anorexics, spasmolytics, antiflatulents, propulsives and digestives); pharmacology of the cardiovascular system (drugs acting on the heart, antihypertensives - diuretics, Ca-channel blockers, inhibitors of angiotensin system and -blockers, anti-dysrhythmic drugs, coronary vasodilators, hypolipemics); pharmacology of the haemopoietic system (antianemics, anticoagulants, fibrinolytics and erythropoietins); pharmacology of the autonomic nervous system (drugs acting on cholinergic and adrenergic systems), and pharmacology of the central nervous system (sedatives-hypnotics, anaesthetics, antipsychotics, antidepressants, antiparkinsonics, antiepileptics and anxiolytics); drugs for pain treatments and palliative care (opioid and nonopioid analgetics), migraine treatment, antipyretics, antiinflammatory drugs; drugs for bone and muscle systems (antirheumatics, diphosphonates, etc.); glucocorticoids, interferons, immunosuppressants and antialergics; pharmacology of the respiratory system (antiasthmatics, drugs for other obstructive pulmonary diseases, antitussics and expectorants). Antimicrobic drugs (antibiotics, antivirotics, antimycotics, antituberculotics, antiprotosoics and anthelmintics); cytostatics; hormonal therapeutics (contraceptives, inhibitors of prolactine, androgens and anti-androgens, estrogens, progestagens, gonadotropins, drugs for thyroid disease treatment, glucagon, calcitonin); immunostimulants, immunoserums, immunoglobulins; ophthalmics and otologics as well as dermatologic drugs (for acne, psoriasis, sun protection etc.). Drugs of abuse and treatment possibilities.Literature:1. B.G. Katzung: Basic and Clinical Pharmacology; 10 edition; McGraw-Hill, 2009.2. H.P Rang, M.M. Dale, J.M. Ritter, P.K. Moore: Pharmacology, 7th edition, Churchill Livingstone, 2009.3. Related scientific publicationTeaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 8Number of ECTS points: 5

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Lecturers: Associate Professor Irena Žuntar, PhDAim of course: Students will be introduced to various branches of modern toxicology. Actual problems of toxic materials in use and also connected with environmental pollution and work place will be presented. Also, the purpose is to point out the importance of analytical toxicology in medical clinical practice and human health protection.Prerequisite: Enrolment requirements for this subject - passed examination in Analitical Chemistry II2; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:Basic knowledge of toxicology, including all kinds of damaging effects (short- and long-term), basic toxicokinetics, clinical toxicology, ecotoxicology, toxogenetics, toxinology, toxicology at work places, regulatory toxicology, toxicology of frequent poisons, computer simulation of various processes and data basis construction.Literature:1. Plavšić F., Vrhovac B., Stavljenić A., Osnove kliničke farmakokinetike. Školska knjiga, Zagreb 1993.2. Duraković Z. et al., Klinička toksikologija, Grafos, Zagreb 2000.3. Plavšić F., Žuntar I., Uvod u analitičku toksikologiju, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 2007.4. W.T.Shier, D.Mebs, Handbook of Toxinology. Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York-Basel, 1990.5. M.J.Ellenhorn, D.G.Barceloux, Medical Toxicology. Elsevier. New York-Amsterdam-London, 1988.6. Basel convention on the control of transboundary movements of hazardous wastes and their disposal (translation), ZGO, Zagreb, 1992.7. D. Mebs, Venomous and Poisonous Animals. Stuttgard: Medpharm Scientific Publ.; Boca Raton, London, New York, Washington, DC: CRC Press, 2002.8. I.Sunshine. Methodology for Analytical Toxicology. Vol. I, II and III. CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton, 1988.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

DRUG BIOCHEMISTRYMETABOLISMCourse status: obligatory course

Study year: 4th yearSemester: 8Number of ECTS points: 5Lecturer: Full Professor Marica Medić-ŠarićBranka ZorcAim of course: The goals of the lectures are to impart knowledge about the basic principles and mechanisms of the functioning of drug metabolism enzymes and transport systems, including biological and chemical changes and actions of drugs and other chemicals (xenobiotics) in relation to their physicochemical properties (QSAR and QSPR), drug-drug and drug-chemical interactions, as well as use of the recombinant technology and Internet databases for a better understanding and predicting of biological effects and drug interactions.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry courses completed, passed examination in Pharmaceutical Chemistry; conditions for taking an examination in this subject - passed examination in Medicinal Chemistry;- none.Course content:Introduction into drug metabolism and biotransformations. Phase I reactions: bio-oxidations, bioreductions, hydrolysis, other reactions. Enzymes and enzyme systems (Peroxidases, Flavin Monooxygenases, CYP enzymes, Molybdenum Hydroxylases, Monoamine Oxidase, etc.). Phase II reactions: methylation, glucuronidation, acetylation, sulfation, amino acid conjugation, glutathione conjugation. Stereochemical aspects. Pro-drugs. Transport proteins: P-glycoprotein, MRPs, BCRP, LRP, etc. (inhibition, induction, stimulation). Pharmacogenomics. Inhibition, induction, and stimulation of biotransformationsDrug-drug and drug-chemical interactions. Biotransformations and biological effects of endo- and xenobiotics. Drug design: QSAR and QSPR. Factors affecting rates of biotransformation: kinetic approach to enzyme inhibition/competition and enzyme induction. Use of intra- and Internet databases. Approaches to drug metabolism studies: high throughput studies. Use of probe drugs in vitro and in vivo. QSAR and QSPR approaches and methods. Introduction to practical work in the laboratory.

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Literature:1. Rendić S., Di Carlo F.J.: Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes: A Status Report Summarizing Their Reactions, Substrates, Inducers and Inhibitors, Drug Metab Rev. 1997; 29. 413-580.2. Rendić S . Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002; 34 (1-2):83-448.3. Rendić S. Drug interactions of H2-receptor antagonists involving cytochrome P450 (CYPs) enzymes: from the laboratory to the clinic. Croat Med J. 1999 Sep;40(3):357-67. Review.4. Drug-Drug Interactions: Scientific and Regulatory Perspectives. Izd. Lee A. P., Academic Press, New York 1999.6. Andrew Parkinson, Biotransformation of Xenobiotics, in Casarett and Doull's Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, 6TH Edition /Publisher:McGraw-Hill, US-ISBN:0071347216, 2001, pp. 133- 224.7. Lewis DFV, Guide to Cytochrome P450 Structure and Function, Taylor and Francis, London 2001, ISBN 0748408975.8. S. Rendic and FP Guengerich (Editors), Drug Metabolism Reviews, Special Issue Human Cytochromes P450s (Human CYPs), Marcel Dekker Inc., Volume 34, Number 1-2, 2002.9. Cytochrome P450 Homepage: http://drnelson.utmem.edu/CytochromeP450.html10. Ortiz de Montellano, Cytochrome P450, Structure, Mechanism, and Biochemistry, Paul R. (Ed.), 3rd ed., Springer, 2005. ISBN: 0-306-48324-611. Gibson GG, Skett P, Introduction to drug metabolism, Chapters 4 & 5. 2nd ed., Blackie Acad. & Professional, London, 1994.12. Low LK, Metabolic changes of drugs and related organic compounds. In: Wilson and Gisvold's textbook of organic, medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry, 10th ed., Delgado JN, Remers WA. (Eds.), Lippincott-Raven Publishers, Philadelphia, 1998.Teaching manner: lectures and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 8Number of ECTS points: 5

Lecturers: Full Professor Irena Vedrina-DragojevićAim of course: Introduction to nutritive importance, interactions and bioavailability of food ingredients; influence of diet on biochemical assays to evaluate nutritive- and health-status of the organism.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Biochemistry; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:Basics of healthy nutrition. Protein and amino acid requirements, bioavailability, enzyme inhibitors, essential amino acid blocking mechanisms and biological activation of reaction products, limiting amino acid deficiency correction, biological value of proteins and biochemical parameters of nutritive status, protein malnutrition, relations between nutritive and inflammatory factors. Determination of biochemical parameters. Acute-phase reactants. Prognostic inflammatory nutritive index PINI. Carbohydrates – significance, requirements, sources. Physiological importance of dietary fibers; influence on glycaemic index. Lipids – requirements, composition and origins, biochemical importance of essential fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Pathophysiological disorders due to deficiency in nutrition. Advantages of Mediterranean nutrition. Minerals; macro- and trace-elements; biochemical functions, sources, requirements, bioavailability, accumulation, toxicity. Vitamins; alimentary sources, biotransformations, transport mechanisms, bioavailability, biochemical functions. Biochemical parameters for vitamin status, avitaminosis, hyper- and hypovitaminosis assessments. Target populations. Biochemical assays for nutritive and health-status determinations. Influence of diet and food ingredients on the results of biochemical assays.Laboratory: Introduction to the principles and methods of determining biologically active and toxic components of foods. Determination of vitamins and provitamins - carotenes, ascorbic acid, thiamine, riboflavin. Determination of amino acids in food - tryptophan. Determination of toxic metals in water and biological samples - mercury.Literature:

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1. Brody T.: Nutritional Biochemistry, Academic press, Inc., New York, London, 1999.2. Combs G. F. Jr.: The vitamins: Fundamental aspects in nutrition and health, Academic press, Inc., New York, London, 1999.3. Lecture handouts4. Machlin L. J.: Handbook of vitamins; Nutritional, biochemical and clinical aspects,Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, Basel, 1984.5. Belitz D., Grosch W.: Food chemistry (2. ed.) Springer Verlag, Berlin, New York, 1987.6. Zapsalis C., Beck R. A.: Food chemistry and nutritional biochemistry, J. Wiley et Sons, New York, 1985.7. Friedman M.: Nutritional and toxicological significance of enzyme inhibitors in foods, Plenum press, New York, London, 1986.8. Relevant articles in scientific journalsTeaching manner: lectures and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

SPECIAL AREAS TOPICSOF IN CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 8Number of ECTS points: 5Lecturer: Asociatesistant Professor Nada Vrkić, Associateistant Professor Dunja Rogić, Assistant Professor Nada vrkićAim of course: To inform students about special physiological and pathological conditions and samples involved in the profession of medical biochemist.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject –Clinical Biochemistry of the Organs and Organic Systems II2 course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Clinical Biochemistry of the Organs and Organic Systems II2 Course content:Inherited diseases: biochemical and molecular bases of disturbances in the metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates and lipids; laboratory tests and samples in screening and diagnosis. Therapeutic drug monitoring: routes of administration, absorption, free

versus bound drug, drug distribution, drug elimination, sample collection, cardioactive drugs, antibiotics, antiepileptic drugs. Nutritional assessment: monitoring of the overall parenteral nutrition and enteral nutrition, macronutrients, micronutrients. Prenatal and postnatal laboratory diagnostics, clinical biochemistry and geriatric patient, clinical biochemistry and paediatric patient. Pregnancy: laboratory evaluation of maternal and foetal health, physiological changes in pregnancy, complications in pregnancy. Biochemical markers of inflammation: types of inflammation, mediators of inflammation, sepsis and SIRS. Atopy and allergy: hypersensitivity reactions of the immune system, total IgE, allergen-specific IgE, allergen-induced mediator release, eosinophile cationic protein, allergen-specific IgG. Emergency laboratory diagnostics. Biological and analytical effects on laboratory tests. Laboratory monitoring of transplantation.Literature:1. Lecture handouts2. Topić E., Primorac D., Janković S. Medicinsko-biokemijska dijagnostika u kliničkoj praksi, Medicinska naklada 2004.3. Čepelak I. et al.: Medicinsko-biokemijske smjernice, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb 2004.4. Thomas L. Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics. Use and Assessment of Clinical Laboratory Results. TH-Books Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Frankfurt/Main, Germany 1998.5. Bishop ML., Duben-Engelkirk JL., Fody EP. Clinical Chemistry. Principles, procedures, correlations. 4 ed., Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Wolter Kluwer Company, Philadelphia, Baltimore, 2000.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

TRANSFUSIOLOGY AND IMMUNOHAEMATOLOGYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 8Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Associate Full Professor Renata Zadro

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Aim of course: The course enables students to learn the basics of transfusion medicine.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Haematology II2, Clinical Biochemistry of the Organs and Organic Systems II2 course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Clinical Biochemistry of the Organs and Organic Systems II2.Course content:Principles of GMP, blood component production, quality management and blood safety. Red blood cells, thrombocyte and granulocyte blood groups. Genetics of red cell blood groups, red cell immunohaematology. Blood components therapy; Immunomodulation. Laboratory monitoring of blood transfusion. Transfusion risks and haemovigilance. Molecular methods in transfusion medicine. Prion disease and treating pathogens. Transfusion transmitted diseases; Immunology of hepatitis B, C and HIV infection. Serological detection of TTD markers. Quality control in serological laboratory. Validation of automated systems. Statistical methods in transfusion units and reporting. Basics of ISO 9001.Literature:1. D.Grgičević and T. Vuk in the book: Imunohematologija i transfuzijska medicina, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2000.2. T.Vuk et al. In the book: Upravljanje kvalitetom u transfuzijskoj djelatnosti, HZTM, 2002.3. AABB, Blood safety in the New Millenium, AABB, Bethesta 2002.4. B.Golubić, Ćepulić et al.: Liječenje eritrocitnim krvnim pripravcima; KBC Zagreb, 2002.Teaching manner: lectures and laboratoryAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

FREE RADICALS AND ANTIOXIDANTS IN HEALTH AND DISEASECourse status: elective courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 6Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Full Professor Ivana ČepelakLada Rumora

Aim of course: Expand the knowledge of pathophysiology, teach students about the role of oxidative/antioxidative systems; students gain the basic knowledge of free radicals and antioxidants and their specific role in the pathogenesis of selected diseases.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject –passed examination in Biochemistry, conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:Chemical characteristics of free radicals, electronic structure, reaction of radicals, free radicals and environment; free radicals in the organism, reactive oxygen species and reactive species of nitrogen, mechanisms of the influence of free radicals, antioxidants and their mechanisms of action, antioxidants as supplements; free radicals and apoptosis, free radicals in carcinogenesis; free radicals and alcoholism, free radicals and the disease of the lungs, free radicals in the atherogenesis, detection of free radicals: EPR spectroscopy with spin traps, detection of the products of free radicals reactions, free radicals in toxicology.Seminars include autonomous constructive reviewing of scientific articles chosen by the course leader.Literature:1. Čepelak I. Slobodni radikali – metabolizam i toksičnost kisika, internal handbook, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Haematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, 2004.2. Lecture handouts3. Knight JA. Free radicals, antioxidants, aging and disease; American Association for Clinical Chemistry, 1999.4. Halliwell B. and Gutteridge JMC. Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2001.5. Scientific and professional papersTeaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

METALLOPROTEINS – STRUCTURE AND MECHANISMCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 3rd yearSemester: 6.Number of ECTS points: 2Lecturers: Associate Professor Mario Gabričević

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Aim of course: To introduce different mechanisms (oxido-reductive, transport and complexation) of the reactions of metalloproteins and to demonstrate the complexity of their reactions (within seminars).Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Biochemistry.Course content:It is a problem-oriented course. Students should acquire knowledge about different types of metalloproteins and their role in living organisms. Also, different methods of metalloproteins research will be introduced in lectures. Students will learn about Fluorescence, UV-Vis and Stopped-flow/Rapid Scan Spectrophotometry and use of kinetic and thermodynamic data for specific problems in the mechanisms of metalloproteins.Each student will have to prepare a presentation on a particular metalloprotein, focused on structure and mechanism. The presentation will have to cover the last 3-4 years of scientific research on the chosen metalloprotein and is expected to last at least half-an-hour.In the laboratory, students will run experiments of the complexation of Fe(III) ion with metalloprotein transferrin using the Stopped-flow/RapidScan UV-Vis and Stopped-flow/RapidScan Fluorescence Spectrophotometry as complementary methods. They will investigate the influence of temperature, pH, ionic strength, concentration of reactants and concentration of exogenous anions (HCO3- , H2PO4- , citrate, NTA, etc.) on the rate of complexation on C- and N-terminal ends of transferrin. Based on the results, they will propose the mechanism of complexation.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in EnglishMETALLOPROTEINS – STRUCTURE AND MECHANISMCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 8Number of ECTS points: 2Lecturers: Assistant Professor Mario Gabričević

Aim of course: To introduce different mechanisms (oxido-reductive, transport and complexation) of the reactions of metalloproteins and to demonstrate the complexity of their reactions (within seminars).Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Biochemistry; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:It is a problem-oriented course. Students should acquire knowledge about different types of metalloproteins and their role in living organisms. Also, different methods of metalloproteins research will be introduced in lectures. Students will learn about Fluorescence, UV-Vis and Stopped-flow/RapidScan Spectrophotometry and use of kinetic and thermodynamic data for specific problems in the mechanisms of metalloproteins.Each student will have to prepare a presentation on a particular metalloprotein, focused on structure and mechanism. The presentation will have to cover the last 3-4 years of scientific research on the chosen metalloprotein and is expected to last at least half-an-hour.In the laboratory, students will run experiments of the complexation of Fe(III) ion with metalloprotein transferrin using the Stopped-flow/RapidScan UV-Vis and Stopped-flow/RapidScan Fluorescence Spectrophotometry as complementary methods. They will investigate the influence of temperature, pH, ionic strength, concentration of reactants and concentration of exogenous anions (HCO3-, H2PO4-, citrtae, NTA, etc.) on the rate of complexation on C- and N-terminal ends of transferrin. Based on the results, they will propose the mechanism of complexation.Literature:1. Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Joseph R. Lakowicz, Second Edition, 1999. – selected chapters2. Handbook on Metalloproteins, editors: I. Bertini, A. Siegel, H. Siegel, 2001. – selected chaptersTeaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

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CULTURING OF CELLS AND CELL LINESCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 8Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Associate Full Professor József PetrikAim of course: Students should be introduced to the basic principles of working with animal cell cultures and the application of certain cell cultures in experimental medicine and diagnostics.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Biochemistry; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:Possibilities of animal cell cultures applications as a well-defined living system that can be used for research and diagnostic purposes. Techniques of cultivation and application of human and animal cells and tissues. Primary and continuous cell cultures. Commercial cell lines. American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and other collections of cell lines. Medium and serum composition, growth factors and cytokines. Receptors, signal transduction, second messengers, early and late genes. Asynchrony and synchrony cell populations, cell cycle. Clone growth and cell survival. Cryoprotection of cells. Cytotoxicity testing methods. Morphological and biochemical techniques in detection and quantification of cell death (apoptosis, necrosis). Cell cultures in diagnostics (cytokine determination). Humane cell cultures in therapy, haematopoietic cell cultures (autologous transplantation), stem cells.Literature:1. Lecture handouts2. R. Ian Freshney, Culture of Animal Cells, A practical approach, Fourth Edition, Oxford University Press, 2000.3. Lodish, H., Baltimore, D., Berk, A., Zipursky, S.L., Matsudaria, P., Darnell, J (1997): Molecular Cell Biology. Scientific American Books, USA4. Relevant handbooks and protocols for culture medium preparation and cell cultivation in experimental and diagnostic purpose5. Ikić D., Pavelić D., Spaventi R. et al. (editors) (1989): Onkogeni i faktori rasta, Globus, ZagrebTeaching manner: lectures and laboratory

Assesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English and Hungarian

COMMUNICATION SKILLSCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 7Number of ECTS points: 1.5Lecturer: Associate Professor Živka JuričićAim of course: The aim of the course is to enable students to understand basic concepts, models, principles and skills in the field of interpersonal communication as well as to grasp the importance of the effective professional communication in different job contexts and with various categories of actors: co-workers, patients, other experts and media.Prerequisite: none.Course content: The course consists of five thematic parts presented by the experts in the field of general communication theory and in the specific fields of professional communication in health services, pharmacy and biochemistry. In the introductory part general concepts, models and principles of verbal and nonverbal communication are presented. Using the methods of experiential approach to learning students are enabled to understand the characteristics of two-way communication and the relationship between the different communication levels. The communication process in the pharmacy is described in four phases: establishing contact, gathering data from the client, giving advice, and closing the contact. Students are exposed to the effective and ineffective forms of communication with clients using specially prepared video materials. The range of specific communication skills are demonstrated and discussed: active listening, asking questions, giving feedback. Students are also acquainted with the statistical data regarding the errors in drug administration and their harmful consequences. Students can also observe video materials showing patient reactions to the information about their illness and to the instructions about the drug use. Regarding the professional communication with other experts the presentation skills are described extensively covering five phases: planning, preparation of the

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text, practicing, performance and answering questions. Students are also informed about the purpose and importance of public communication in media regarding the new scientific achievements in biochemistry and drug production.Literature:1. Vizek Vidović, V., Janković, I., Pavleković, G., Juretić, D., Grundler et al. (2007) Collection of lecture presentations (electronic version), Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology2. Tindall, W.N., Beardsley, R. , Kimberlin, C. (2002). Communication Skills in Pharmacy; Practice: A Practical Guide for Students and Practitioners, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins3. Rijavec, M., Miljković, D. (2001) Menedžerske vještine 2, Kako savladati tremu, IEP-D2, Zagreb4. McManus, J.(1998) Effective business speaking, Learning express, New York5. Reardon, K. K. (1998) Interpersonalna komunikacija, Zagreb, Alinea.6. Brajša, P. (1993) Menađerska komunikacija. Varaždin: Varaždinska banka dd.Teaching manner: seminarsAssesment: written oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

BASIS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY BASICS ANDWITH MICROBIALOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICSCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 7Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturers: Associateistant Professor Ivan KosalecAim of course: The course goals are to acquaint students with epidemiological methods, characteristics of infective and invasive diseases, characteristics of the routes of their transmission, with special emphasis on practical work in the biochemical laboratory. The course teaches aetiology of infective diseases, microbiological diagnostics of infective diseases, pathogenesis, preventive measures and protection of workers in the laboratory and in the environment. Biochemical parameters and basics of the therapy of bacterial, viral and parasitic diseases are covered.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Microbiology and Parasitology II;

conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:Basics of epidemiology, methods of study, characteristics and role of major infectious diseases. Microbiological methods of isolation and identification of bacteria and fungi (medicaly important yeasts, yeast-like fungi and dermatophytes) based on their micromorphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics. Serological methods, fagotypization of bacterial strains, as well as epidemiological methods in the determination of infections spreading will be explained. Physiological flora of the human body (skin, mucous membranes, mouth and throat, intestine) and the isolation of pathogenic bacterial species from urine, faeces and blood. Performing laboratory tests on blood parasites, faeces, cysts and eggs, and muscle tissues, on trichina larvae, and life cycles in host organs in transitory hosts of some other parasites.Literature:1. I. M. Roitt: Temeljnja imunologija, JUMENA, Zagreb, 1978.2. T. Naglić, D. Hajsig: Veterinarska imunologija, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1993.3. F. Mihaljević, J. Fališevac, B. Bezjak, B. Mravunac: Specijalna klinička infektologija, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 1994.4. N.N. Damani: Priručnik o postupcima kontrole infekcija, translation of the 2nd edition, Merkur A.B.D., Zagreb, 2004.5. V. Babuš et al.: Epidemiologija, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 1997.6. E. W. Koneman, S.D. Allen, W.M. Janda, P.C. Schreckenberger, W.C. Winn, Jr.: Diagnostic Microbiology, Lippincott-Raven Publ., Philadelphia, 1997.7. I. Andreis, F. Čulo, M. Marušić, M. Taradi: Imunologija, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 1998.8. G. R.W. Burton: Microbiology for the health sciences, J.B. Lippincott Comp., Philadelphia, 1988.9. J. F. MacFaddin, Biochemical tests for identification of medical bacteria, 3rd edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2000.Teaching manner: lectures and laboratoryAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in EnglishTeaching language: Croatian

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BIOINORGANIC CHEMISTRYCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 4th yearSemester: 8Number of ECTS points: 1.5Lecturers: Full Professor Željko RomićAim of course: The aim of this course is to familiarize the students with the role of inorganic elements in biomedicine, the function of metalloproteins and metalloenzymes, and the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of metal complexes.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in General Clinical Biochemistry; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:Importance and the basic principles of bioinorganic chemistry (thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of ligands that make complexes with biomolecules). Use of physical methods in bioinorganic chemistry (x-rays, EPR, NMR), with special emphasis on their application for diagnostic purposes in biomedicine. Bioavailability and tissue distribution of metals (intake, transport and storage). Iron, copper and zinc in biological systems. At cellular level, metalloproteins will be clarified on the example of iron (iron and transferrin complex bonding on the receptor, internalization, storage of iron in the form of ferritin as well as regulation of the expression of transferrin and ferritin receptors). Properties and the role of proteins participating in electron transmission (Fe-S, Cu). The role of metal ions as biomolecules stabilizers (proteins, DNA, RNA), and as obligatory components of the enzyme active centre (carboxy peptidase A), nucleic acids, prosthetic groups and coenzymes. Mechanisms of toxicity of metals at cellular level (example Hg). The role of metals in forming free radicals (Fenton`s reaction). Participation of metals in oxidative stress prevention (part of antioxidative enzymes). Biological role of Mo, W, V, Cr and Mn. The role of calcium and magnesium in regulation and biocatalytical processes. Application of inorganic radionuclides in diagnostics; therapeutic application of metals.Literature:1. S.J. Lippard, J.M. Berg, Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry, University

science books, Mill Valley, CA (USA) 1994.2. W. Kaim, B. Schwederski: "Bioinorganic Chemistry: Inorganic Elements in the Chemistry of Life," J. Wiley & Sons, Chichester (GB), 1994.3. J.J.R. Frausto da Silva and R.J.P. Williams: “The biological chemistry of the elements: the inorganic chemistry of life”, Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford (GB), 1994.4. L. Stryer: "Biochemistry" (4th ed.), W.H. Freeman & Co., N.Y.5. D.E. Fenton:" Biocoordination Chemistry", Oxford University Press, (GB) 1995.6. http://www.chemistry.wustl.edu/EduDev/Ferritin/index.htmlTeaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

BIOSTATISTICSCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9Number of ECTS points: 3Lecturer: Associate Professor Krešimir SankovićAim of course: Introduction to advanced statistical methods. Application of statistical methods required for experimental design and data analysis present in biochemical and medical laboratories and in clinical research.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Mathematics and Statistical AnalysisStatisticsCourse content:Correlation. Simple and multiple linear regressions, Cox regression, Passing-Bablok regression, Spearman rank correlation coefficient. Analysis of variance, one-way and two-way ANOVA. Analysis of frequencies, chi-square-test and Fischer’s exact test. Normal distribution. Normality tests. Nonparametric and distribution-free statistics, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Friedman test. Experimental design in clinical trials. ROC-analysis. Quality control. Validation, process validation, assay validation.Literature:

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1. D. W. Wayne, Biostatistics, Wiley & Sons Inc, 6th Ed, New York 1995.2. S. Bolton, C. Bon, Pharmaceutical Statistics – Practical and Clinical Applications, Marcel Dekker, Inc, 4th Ed, New York and Basel 2004.3. internet pages of relevant databases4. lecture handouts5. J. E. DeMuth, Basic Statistics and Pharmaceutical Statistical Applications, Biostatistica, New York, 1999.6. I. Šošić and V. Serdar, Uvod u statistiku, Školska knjiga, Zagreb 1997.7. V. Vranić, Vjerojatnost i statistika, Tehnička knjiga, Zagreb 1971.8. I. Pavlić, Statistička teorija i primjena, Tehnička knjiga, Zagreb, 1970.Teaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

EVALUATION OF INSTRUMENTS, PROCEDURES AND REAGENTS EVALUATIONCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturers: Full Professor Željko RomićAim of course: The aim of this course is to introduce the students to the evaluation of instruments, procedures and reagents. The accuracy and validity of the analysis directly depend on the established quality and execution of supervision and control of the high standards of all three segments.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Clinical Biochemistry of the Organs and Organic Systems II2; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:To explain and resolve the concepts of verification, validation and evaluation; to corroborate them with practical examples through seminars. Importance of regular evaluation – calibration of automatic analyzers, instruments (spectrophotometers, balances) and other equipment (pipettes, cuvettes, thermometers). Application of ISO standards in clinical laboratory. Internal and external quality control. Benefits of engaging external (foreign) quality controls. Precision, specificity, sensitivity and accuracy. Comprehension of basic

statistical concepts in regular quality control (mean, coefficient of variation, standard deviation, median, quartile). Means of testing and the control of reagents (quantitative and qualitative). Techniques of automatic analyzer evaluation. Estimation of the need and the selection of the optimal analyzer to be incorporated in the structure of the existing equipment. Phases of automatic analyzer evaluation (selection, clinical-laboratory evaluation, cost-effectiveness). Overview of the other factors that could influence the final result: patient preparation, sampling, storage and transport of specimens.Literature:1. Vonderschmmitt J. Laboratory Organization and Automatization, Walter de Gryter, Berlin-New York, 1991.2. European Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (ECCLS) – Handbook for evaluation of instruments, procedures and reagents3. Thomas L. Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, TH Books, 1998.4. Burnett D. A practical guide to accreditation in laboratory medicine. London: ACB Venture Publications, 2002.5. Guidelines for the evaluation of analysers in clinical chemistry. ECCLS document 1986, Vol. 2, no 3.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in EnglishTeaching language: Croatian

INTEGRALTED COURSE OF LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS COURSECourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturers: Associate Full Professor József PetrikAim of course: Develop an active attitude of students towards setting out clinical cases, interpretation of results during diagnosis, and monitoring the course of pathological condition and therapy.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – Special Areas of Clinical Biochemistry course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Special Areas of Clinical Biochemistry.Course content:

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The course should develop an active attitude of students towards previous subject matters of specialist knowledge through testing in the form of seminars where students work out preset problems – results connected with different clinical cases.Interpretation of results will include clinical cases connected with determined pathological conditions of the heart, kidney, liver, stomach, pancreas, connective and bone tissues, gastrointestinal system, endocrine system, cardiovascular system, hereditary and autoimmune disorders, tumours, acid-base status, and monitoring pregnancy, therapy, intoxication and drug addiction.Literature:1. Clinical cases and clinical laboratory results from collaborator institutes2. http://www.ifcc.org/divisions/EMD/C-ECD/Clinical_Case_Material_2nd_Ed_April_2004_(2).pdf3. Philip D Mayne, Andrew P Day. A workbook of Clinical Chemistry - case presentation and data interpretation. First published in Great Britain 1994 by Edwrd Arnold, a division of Hodder Headline PLC, London4. Norbert W Tietz, Rex B. Conn, Elizabeth L. Pruden. Applied Laboratory Medicine. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1992 by W.B. Saunders Company5. Čepelak I, Štraus B, Dodig S, Labar B. Medicinsko-biokemijske smjernice, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2004.6. Teitz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry, 3rd Edition. CA Burtis & ER Ashwood, Eds. Saunders & Co., Philadelphia, 1999.7. B. Štraus, Medicinska biokemija, 2nd expanded edition, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb 1992.8. Clinical laboratory diagnostics: use and assessment of clinical laboratory results, ed. by Lothar Thomas, Frankfurt/Main: TH-Books-Verl., 1998.9. Zilva JF, Pannall PR. Klinička kemija u dijagnostici i terapiji, 3rd expanded edition, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1992.Teaching manner: seminarsAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English and Hungarian

ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LABORATORYCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 5th year

Semester: 9Number of ECTS points: 3.5Lecturer: Associateistant Professor Zlata Flegar-MeštrićAim of course: Introduce students to the basic elements of organization and the quality management system in a medical biochemistry laboratory from the professional and economic points of view and in accordance with the statutory regulations of the Croatian Health Care System.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Clinical Biochemistry of the Organs and Organic Systems II2; conditions for taking an none.Course content:Position of the medical biochemistry laboratory in the Health Care System. Professional and cost-effective ways of running a medical biochemistry laboratory. Role of the head of the medical biochemistry laboratory in meeting the technical and medical requirements, continuous quality improvement and harmonization with high quality standards. Basic cost accounting for laboratory tests and the analysis of cost benefits. Organization of laboratory diagnostics in the Health Care System and Health Care Insurance according to the classification of medical biochemistry analysis into general, specialistic and high differential laboratory tests. Making plans and technical specifications for new laboratory equipment based on the number and classification of desired laboratory tests. General principles of good laboratory practice. Laboratory information system and data managing system as parts of the hospital information system or autonomous. Medical biochemistry laboratory requirements regarding safety and protection of laboratory workers from occupationally acquired infections and instrument biohazards. Role of the medical biochemistry laboratory in continuing education of medical biochemists. The Health Care Act, deontology and ethics in the Health Care System.Literature:1. Burnett D. Understanding Accreditation in Laboratory Medicine, Piggott Printers, Cambridge 1996.2. Kaplan LA, Pesce AJ, Kazmierczak SC. Clinical Chemistry: Theory, Analysis,

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Correlation, Mosby, London, 4th edition, 2003.3. EN ISO 15189, Medicinski laboratoriji - Posebni zahtjevi za kvalitetu i kompetenciju. http://www.hkmb.hr4. Rukavina-Stavljenić A, Čvorišćec D. „Organizacija i upravljanje u medicinskom laboratoriju” – handbook, Medicinska naklada Zagreb, 2004.5. Zakon o medicinsko-biokemijskoj djelatnosti. N.N. 121/2003., pp. 45106. Juretić D, Flegar-Meštrić Z, Rekić B. Medicinska biokemija: Organizacija rada MBL-a, sigurnost i zaštita; Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, 1998.7. Zakon o zdravstvenoj zaštiti. N.N. 121/2003., pp. 44708. www.hdmb.hr9. www.hkmb.hr10. www.ifcc.org11. www.kb-merkur.hr/zkk12. Rukavina-Stavljenić A, Čvorišćec D. “Vanjska i unutarnja provjera kvalitete bolnica i medicinskih laboratorija“ – handbook; organised by Croatian Ministry of Health, Faculty of Medicine – University of Zagreb, Andrija Štampar School of Public Health, and Croatian Chamber of Medical Biochemists, Zagreb, November 29th and 30th, 2002.Teaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

HEALTHCARE LEGISLATION IN LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICSCourse status: obligatory courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9.Number of ECTS points: 1.5Lecturer: associate research scientist Ivo Vukušić, PhDAssistant Professor Ivan PepićAim of course: To introduce students in the acts on healthcare and health insurance, and in sub-acts regulating particular types of health insurance; to introduce students in the Act on Drugs and Medicinal Products, and in sub-acts on the manufacture, testing, registration, quality verification, and marketing of drugs, medicinal and homeopathic products; to introduce students in the Act on Pharmacy (study in Pharmacy) and Act on Medical Biochemistry Service (study in Medical Biochemistry); and to introduce students in the role of the

Croatian Chamber of Pharmacists and Croatian Chamber of Medical Biochemists in the organization of the pharmacy and medical laboratory service.Prerequisite: noneCourse content: Main characteristics of the Act on Health Care with special reference to the different health care levels. Health institution boards, health institutions at particular levels of health care, health institutes, reference centres, health professionals, private practice, surveillance. Main characteristics of the Act on Compulsory Health Insurance with special reference to the system of compulsory health insurance implemented by the Croatian Institute of Health Insurance, the scope of rights in health care, the rights and obligations of the compulsory health insurance users, and the rights and obligations of the compulsory health care providers. Main characteristics of the Act on Optional Health Insurance with special reference to supplementary, additional and private health insurance. Main characteristics of the Act on Occupational Health Insurance with special reference to specific health care of workers, rights in case of work connected injury and occupational disease. Act on Drugs and Medicinal Products – the Act concept and main characteristics of particular chapters on drugs, medicinal and homeopathic products. By-laws regulating the manufacture, testing, registration, quality assessment, and marketing of drugs, medicinal and homeopathic products. Main characteristics of the Act on Pharmacy – the Act concept and main characteristics of particular chapters of the Act (on the study of Pharmacy). Main characteristics of the Act on Medical Biochemistry Service – the Act concept and main characteristics of particular chapters of the Act (on the study of Medical Biochemistry). Main characteristics of the Act on Drugs of Abuse Control – general provisions, possession and turnover of drugs, system for prevention of drug addiction and assistance to drug addicts. Main characteristics of the Act on Patient Rights with special reference to the section on patient rights proper.Teaching manner: lecturesAssesment: written exam

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Teaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in EnglishAim of course: To introduce students in the National Strategy of Health Care Development 2006-2011; to introduce students in the acts on health care and health insurance, and in sub-acts regulating particular types of health insurance; to introduce students in the Act on Drugs and Medicinal Products, and in sub-acts on the manufacture, testing, registration, quality verification, and marketing of drugs, medicinal and homeopathic products; to introduce students in the Act on Pharmacy (study in Pharmacy) and Act on Medical Biochemistry Service (study in Medical Biochemistry); to introduce students in the Act on Drugs of Abuse Control, and in fundamentals of the National Strategy for Drugs of Abuse Control in Republic of Croatia 2006-2012; to introduce students in the Act on Patient Rights; and to introduce students in the role of the Croatian Chamber of Pharmacists and Croatian Chamber of Medical Biochemists in the organization of the pharmacy and medical laboratory service.Prerequisite: noneCourse content: The Strategy of Health Care Development 2006-2011 with special reference to the Strategy objectives, conceptual frame of the Strategy with due survey of drugs and pharmacotherapy. Main characteristics of the Act on Health Care with special reference to the different health care levels. Health institution boards, health institutions at particular levels of health care, health institutes, reference centres, health professionals, private practice, surveillance. Main characteristics of the Act on Compulsory Health Insurance with special reference to the system of compulsory health insurance implemented by the Croatian Institute of Health Insurance, the scope of rights in health care, the rights and obligations of the compulsory health insurance users, and the rights and obligations of the compulsory health care providers. Main characteristics of the Act on Optional Health Insurance with special reference to supplementary, additional and private health insurance. Main characteristics of the Act on Occupational Health Insurance with special reference to specific health care of workers, rights in case of work

connected injury and occupational disease. Act on Drugs and Medicinal Products – the Act concept and main characteristics of particular chapters on drugs, medicinal and homeopathic products. By-laws regulating the manufacture, testing, registration, quality assessment, and marketing of drugs, medicinal and homeopathic products. Main characteristics of the Act on Pharmacy – the Act concept and main characteristics of particular chapters of the Act (on the study of Pharmacy). Main characteristics of the Act on Medical Biochemistry Service – the Act concept and main characteristics of particular chapters of the Act (on the study of Medical Biochemistry). Main characteristics of the Act on Drugs of Abuse Control – general provisions, possession and turnover of drugs, system for prevention of drug addiction and assistance to drug addicts. Fundamentals of the National Strategy for Drugs of Abuse Control in Republic of Croatia 2006-2012. Main characteristics of the Act on Patient Rights with special reference to the section on patient rights proper.Literature:1. The mentioned acts, sub-acts and national strategies have been published in the Official Gazette of the Republic of Croatia, and are available at the Official Gazette web site as well as in printed form.2. Croatian Society of Health Care Employers. The set of acts on health insurance and health care, with explanation. Zagreb, 2006. (in Croatian)Teaching manner: lecturesAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian

EMERGENCY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICISSCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9Number of ECTS points: 3Lecturer: Associateistant Professor Dunja Rogić, PhDAim of course: To introduce students to the management of critically ill patients and the role of clinical laboratory in this care, synthesizing the knowledge in general, specialist and high-differentiated medical biochemistry.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – Special Areas of Clinical

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Biochemistry course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Special Areas of Clinical Biochemistry.Course content:Students will learn general principles of the diagnostic procedure in critically ill patients, general conditions necessary for procedure planning, e.g., clearly set goals, work program, laboratory organization and work process, level of automation, need and ratio of routine work and scientific research, and evaluation of professional programs for the future. Guidelines for test selection in laboratory diagnosis of emergency states of the heart, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, lung, kidney, emergency neurological states, emergency in paediatrics, and intoxicated patients will be presented. Students will be informed about the state-of-the-art in the field of pathobiochemical effects of psychoactive substances such as alcohol and drugs; alcohol metabolism and pathobiochemical effects of alcohol, genetic basis of alcohol dependence; alcohol, oxidative stress and fibrogenesis; mechanism of action and effects of drugs on the central nervous system; methods of drug identification, cross-reactions with medicines; falsifying samples for drug detection. Studying a clinical problem with a working diagnosis, students will learn how to choose the laboratory tests that will enable them to accept or reject the working diagnosis, with due consideration of the methodological and biological or interference factors that may influence the result. The process of decision making for procurement of new instruments, procedures and reagents, phases of instrument evaluation, from instrument selection (analysis of the instrument role in the working process) through clinical laboratory evaluation to economic cost-benefit analysis (price, cost per reagent/analysis, cost of accessories/analysis, maintenance cost, total cost/analysis) will be elaborated.Literature:1. Topić E, Primorac D, Janković S. Medicinsko biokemijska dijagnostika u kliničkoj praksi. Zagreb: Medicinska naklada, 2004.2. Čepelak I, Štraus B, Dodig S, Labar B. Medicinsko-biokemijske smjernice. Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2004.

3. Vonderscmmit J. Laboratory organization and automatization. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1991.4. Topić E, Samošćanec K. Alkoholizam i droge. Handbook of Croatian Chamber of Medical Biochemists, Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2002.5. Thomas L. Clinical laboratory diagnostics. TH Books, 1998.6. Štraus B, Stavljenić-Rukavina A, Plavšić F. Analitičke tehnike u kliničkom laboratoriju. Zagreb: Medicinska naklada, 1997.7. European Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (ECCLS) – Handbook for evaluation of instruments, procedures and reagentsTeaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

APPLICATION OF RADIONUCLIDES IN DIAGNOSTICSCourse status: obligatory elective courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9Number of ECTS points: 1.5Lecturer: Full Assistant Professor Damir DodigMarijana PoropatAim of course: Get to know diagnostic and therapeutic procedures of nuclear medicine, indications for their clinical use. Working with open sources of radiation and principles of radiation protection.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Clinical Biochemistry of the Organs and Organic Systems II2; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – none.Course content:Introduction, physical basics; Instrumentation, processing of scintigraphic data using a computer; Processing of scintigraphic data, emission computerized tomography; Immunoanalysis, production of radionuclides and radiopharmacs; Examination of thyroid gland; Radiation protection at work; PET and inflammation; Examination of renal function; Examination of skeletal structure, detection of tumours; Nuclear cardiology and pulmonology; Nuclear-medical examinations in gastroenterology; Nuclear medicine in

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neurology; Cell demarcation; Nuclear accidents.Literature:1. Klinička nuklearna medicina; editors: Ivančević, Dodig, Kusić; publisher: Medicinska naklada 1999.Teaching manner: lecturesAssesment: oral: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

DIETOTHERAPYNUTRITION THERAPYCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Full Assistant ProfessorProfessor Irena Vedrina Dragojević Dubravka Vitali ČepoAim of course: Introduction to dietotherapy; dietotherapy of particular diseases. Diet as a risk-factor for the development of health disorders.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Nutritional Biochemistry.Course content:Dietoprevention – the role of particular food-ingredients (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, dietary fibres) in development of nutrition-related disorders (hypertriglyceridemia, hyperlipoproteinemia, atherosclerosis, hypertonia, diabetes type II, rachitis, osteoporosis, cancer). Feeding disorders. Obesity – risk factor for development of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes type II, cancer, etc. Body mass index. Undernourishment – malnutrition, maldigestion, malabsorption. Bulimia, anorexia, compulsive overeating. Dietotherapy of nutrition-related disorders. Dietotherapy of genetic disorders of metabolism. Disorders in essential amino acid metabolism. Diet in Phe, Leu, Ile, Val, Lys, Met metabolism disorders (phenylketonuria, tyrosinemia, alkaptonuria, albinism, leucinosis, propionacydemia, methylmalonacydemia, hyperlysinemia, homocystinuria, cystathinuria, cystinosis, cystinuria). Disorders in carbohydrate metabolism (diabetes I, intolerance, malabsorption). Food intolerance. Nutritive allergies; mechanisms, dietotherapy, recommended and forbidden foods. Principles of diet for target populations (infants, little

children, adolescents, elderly, pregnant women, sportsmen).Literature:1. Roko Živković: Dijetetika, IK Naprijed, Zagreb, 2002.2. Sue Rodwell, Phd Williams: Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, C.V. Mosby; 11th CD-Ro edition, 2000.3. Caroll A. Lutz: Nutrition and Diet Therapy, F. A. Davis Company; 3rd edition, 2001.4. Lecture handouts5. Lisa Rapport, Brian Lockwood: Nutraceuticals, Pharmaceutical Press, 2004.6. R. Chadwick et al.: Functional Foods, Springer; 1st edition, 2004.7. I. Goldberg: Functional Foods: Designer Foods, Pharmfoods, Nutraceuticals, Plenum US; 1st edition 1994.8. E. M. Kellon: Equine Supplements and Nutraceuceuticals: A Guide to Peak Health and Performance, Breakthrough Publications, 1999.9. Robert E. C. Wildman: Handbook of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Lewis Publishers, Inc.; 1st edition, 2000.10. relevant scientific papersTeaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

RATIONAL LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICISCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9Number of ECTS points: 1.5Lecturers: Full Professor Dubravka ČvoriščecAim of course: Make the student aware of the significance of correct choice of laboratory tests within the framework of specific pathology. The future laboratory professional needs to competently participate in the rational choice of laboratory tests, involving the importance test, features of the analyte, preanalytical factors, possible interferences, as well as analytical and diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – Special Areas of Clinical Biochemistry course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Special Areas of Clinical Biochemistry.

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Course content:Lectures:Rationalization in health care. Proposals and recommendations of international and national professional societies. Screening of healthy individuals. Preoperative screening of patients. Alcohol and drug abuse. Rheumatic disease. Cardiovascular diseases, Liver diseases. Renal diseases. Endocrine and metabolic diseases. Lung diseases. Pancreas, stomach and gout diseases. Muscular diseases. Malignant tumours: Electrolyte disorders.Seminars:Include autonomous reviewing of the recommendations by different professional societies.Literature:1. Čepelak et al. Medicinsko-biokemijske smjernice; Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2004.2. Vodič kroz laboratorijske pretrage, prepared as a course material by D. Čvoriščec, 2005.3. Thomas L. Clinical laboratory diagnostics. Use and assessment of clinical laboratory results, 1998.4. National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines: Biomarkers of Acute Coronary Syndrome and Heart Failure, 2004; http://www.nacb.org5. National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines: Recommendations for Use of Laboratory Tests to Support poisoned patients who Present to the Emergency Department. Clin Chem 2003; 49: 357-79Teaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian

POINT OF CARE TESTINGCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9Number of ECTS points: 1.5Lecturer: Associateistant Professor Dunja RogićAim of course: Get students acquainted with the principles, operative features and implementation of point of care testing.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – Special Areas of Clinical Biochemistry course completed; conditions for taking an examination in

this subject – passed examination in Special Areas of Clinical Biochemistry.Course content:History of point of care testing. Scope and rationale for implementation, cost-benefit analysis. Linking various types of outcomes with POCT. POCT as an instrument of health care quality improvement. Clinical chemistry, haematology and coagulation – tests to be applied at the patient’s bedside. Technology solutions – ion selective electrodes. Maintenance free instruments, if such a thing exists. Major common features of POCT technologies. Operating various instruments, technical assistance, analytical quality control. Educating clinical staff for point of care testing. Importance of pre-analytical issues. A systemic approach to POCT implementation in clinical institutions. Establishing connectivity – central surveillance, LAN communication. Transferability of results. The consultant role of laboratory professionals. Point of care testing at the interface between clinic and laboratory.Literature:1. Handbook: Laboratorijske pretrage uz bolesnika. Croatian Chamber of Medical Biochemists, Zagreb, 2005. Editor: Dunja Rogić2. Rogić D. Pretrage uz bolesnika: iskustva iz KBC Zagreb i budući razvoj. In: handbook «Organizacija i upravljenje laboratorijem», Croatian Chamber of Medical Biochemists, Zagreb, 2004. Editors: Dubravka Čvorišćec and Ana Stavljenić-Rukavina3. Price CP, St John A, Hicks JM: Point of care testing. AACC Press, Washington DC, 2004.4. Strandberg K, Thamlitz R, Simonsson P. A Systematic Approach to Point of Care Blood Gas Analyses – The Malmo Experience. Point of Care 2;220-224, 2003.5. NACB Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines: Evidence-based Practice for POCT. The National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Published Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines: Homepage: www.nacb.org6. NACB Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines: Clinical Outcomes with Point-of-Care Testing. The National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Published Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines: Homepage: www.nacb.org

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7. Lewandrowski K. Clinical Chemistry. Laboratory Management and Clinical Correlations. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2002.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

QUALITY STANDARDS IN LABORATORY MEDICINECourse status: elective courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9Number of ERCT points: 3Lecturers: Assistant Professor Zlata Flegar-MeštrićAim of course: Introducing students to the quality management system and international standards for medical laboratories, application of biological diversity for analytical goals settings and evaluation of results.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject –Clinical Biochemistry of the Organs and Organic Systems I course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Clinical Biochemistry of the Organs and Organic Systems ICourse content: Quality control, quality assurance and quality management system. Quality of structure, process and results. Standards ISO 9001:2000, EN ISO 17025:1999 and EN ISO 15189:2003. Quality assurance of laboratory process: from request to interpretation of results. Internal analytical quality control. External quality control for medical biochemistry laboratories. Validation, verification and evaluation of measurement instruments. Quality indicators – laboratory errors. Accreditation of medical laboratories. Components of biological variation (intraindividual, interindividual, index of individuality). Evaluations of laboratory tests results for clinically relevant constituents of body fluids (population based reference values, individual reference values), production of reference intervals, reference distribution width, definitions and transferability of reference values. Analytical goals settings based on components of biological diversity (analytical goals for imprecision, bias and total analytical error). Predanalytical and analytical criteria for harmonization of

laboratory results at national and international levels.Literature:1. Burnett D. Understanding Accreditation in Laboratory Medicine, Piggott Printers, Cambridge 1996.2. Thomas L. Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics. Use and assessment of clinical laboratory results, TH-Books, Frankfurt/Main 1998.3. Fraser CG. Biological variation: from principles to practice. AACCPress, Washington, 2001.4. Flegar-Meštrić Z, Jagarinec N et al. Referentne vrijednosti biokemijskih i hematoloških sastojaka krvi u školske djece i adolescenata grada Zagreba. Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 1997.5. Juretić D, Čepelak I, Flegar-Meštrić Z. External quality assessment in clinical chemistry: Review of the Croatian situation with particular reference to equipment. Clin Chem Lab Med 1999; 37(6): 667-673.6. EN ISO 15189, Medicinski laboratoriji - posebni zahtjevi za kvalitetu i kompetenciju. http://www.hkmb.hr7. Hammer-Plećaš A, Čvorišćec D, Stavljenić-Rukavina. Priručnik o kvaliteti - model. Biochemia Medica 1994; 1-2:31-428. C. Ricos, V. Alvarez, F. Cava, JV Garcia-Lario, CV Hernández Jiménez, et al., “Biological variation and desirable quality specifications. The 2004 update”, http://www.westgard.com/guest26.htm9. Hammer-Plećaš A, Čvorišćec D, Stavljenić-Rukavina A. Analitička kontrola u medicinsko-biokemijskom laboratoriju. Biochemia Medica 1995; 1:37-45 10. Steven J. Soldin, Carlo Brugnara, Edward C. Wong: Paediatric reference ranges. 4th ed. AACC Press, Washington, 2003.Teaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: written examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

LABORATORY METHODS IN ENDOCRINOLOGYCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturer: Full Professor Ernest Suchanek-Aim of course: Physiological and pathophysiological overview of the

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events in humans on which the function of endocrine organs and their hormones depends. This knowledge is the basis of rationalized and accurate laboratory diagnostics of endocrinopathies.Prerequisite: enrolment requirements for this subject – Special Areas of Clinical Biochemistry course completed; conditions for taking an examination in this subject – passed examination in Special Areas of Clinical Biochemistry.Course content:Hormone determination (Methods: biological, chemical and immunochemical. Methods characterization: sensitivity, specificity, interferences. Standardization: international standards, units, quality control). Endocrinology of pituitary and hypothalamus (Endocrine regulation of pituitary function, Pituitary diseases, Determination of pituitary and hypothalamic hormones, Functional tests for hypothalamus-pituitary-target tissue axis). Endocrinology of adrenal glands (Endocrine function regulation of adrenals, Disturbances of adrenal function, Determination of glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and catecholamines, Biochemical diagnosis of congenital hyperplasia of adrenal gland). Endocrinology of ovary and menstrual cycle (Ovarian hormones, steroidogenesis and maturation of the oocyte, Disorders of the menstrual cycle and female infertility, Determination of estrogens, gestagens and androgens in infertility). Human reproduction and clinical biochemistry (Ovulation prediction by hormone estimation: methods and reliability, Luteal function diagnosis, Laboratory tests in early pregnancy). Endocrinology of the placenta (Hormone production in the foetoplacental unit, Placental hormones in pregnancy disorders and prenatal diagnosis, Human choriogonadotropin determination in ectopic pregnancy and in biochemical screening for Down syndrome). Endocrinology of the testis (Endocrinology and gametogenesis, Testis function disorders and infertility in men, Determination of testosterone and diagnostic parameters of ejaculate). Hormones as tumour markers (Benign and malignant tumours of endocrine organs, Ectopic production of hormones).Literature:

1. Burtis CA, Ashwood ER, Tietz NW: Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry, WB Saunders Comp, Philadelpia, 1999.2. Suchanek E: Hormoni – produkcija, djelovanje i značaj određivanja u ginekologiji. In: Šimunić V, Ciglar S, Suchanek E (editors): Ginekologija, Naklada Ljevak, Zagreb, 2001: 17-293. Suchanek E: Laboratorijska dijagnoza rane trudnoće. In: Šimunić V, Ciglar S, Suchanek E (editors): Ginekologija, Naklada Ljevak, Zagreb, 2001: 124-1264. Suchanek E, Đurić K, Kralik-Oguić S, Bernt-Živković S: Hormonske, biokemijske i hematološke pretrage u ginekologiji i perinatologiji. In: Kurjak A and Kupešić S (editors): Ginekologija i perinatologija – 1st part. Tonimir, Varaždinske toplice, 2003: 209-2225. Štraus B: Medicinska biokemija. Školska knjiga, 1998.6. Topić E, Primorac D, Janković S: Medicinsko-biokemijska dijagnostika u kliničkoj praksi. Medicinska naklada, Zagreb, 2004.Teaching manner: lectures, seminars and laboratoryAssesment: written and oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

COMPLEX GENETICSCourse status: elective courseStudy year: 5th yearSemester: 9Number of ECTS points: 2.5Lecturers: Associateistant Professor Sanja DabelićAim of course: To acquire knowledge and to understand (i) the importance of human genome variability, (ii) methods and procedures in complex genetics studies, (iii) the importance of molecular genetic epidemiology for diagnosis, prevention and therapy of complex genetic and (iv) social, legal and ethical matters related to complex genomics.Prerequisites: enrolment requirements for this subject – passed examination in Human and Population Genetics; conditions for taking an examination in this subject –none.Course content:Genomics and functional genomics. Complex genetics. Genes and inheritance. Risk factors. Life style, stress, environmental factors. Genetics and aging. Interplay of genetic and external factors – effects on health and disease, resistance and longevity.

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Complex genetic diseases. Molecular genetic epidemiology. Biobanks. Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics. Databases. Molecular diagnosis and genetic variability analysis – application, purposes and social impacts. Clinical practice in complex genetics. Commercializing complex genetic diagnostics. Genetic testing and public health. Complex genetics - causality and accountability, legal and ethical issues. Personalized medicine: prevention, therapy and prognosis. Complex genetics serves in health care and prevention of disease. Complex genetic diseases: importance of public information and education.Literature:1. selected chapters from: Human molecular genetics, T. Strachan, A. P. Read BIOS Scientific Publishers, 1999, ISBN: 1-872748-69-42. selected chapters from: Molekularna biologija u medicini, T. M. Cox, J. Sinclair, Medicinska naklada, 1995, ISBN: 95317612053. Genes and Disease; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?call=bv.View..ShowTOC&rid=gnd.TOC&depth=24. relevant scientific papersTeaching manner: lectures and seminarsAssesment: oral examTeaching language: Croatian; teaching also possible in English

PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE 1 and 2Course status: obligatory courseStudy years: 3rd and 4th Semester: 6 and 8 Number of ECTS points: 2+3Coordinators of practical training: Marija Grdić Rajković, PhDAim of course: Organization and execution of practical training in laboratories under supervison.Prerequisites: enrolment in the 6th semester (Professional Practice 1) and in the 8th semester (Professional Practice 2)Course content:3rd year: In the 30 hours with a mentor-master in medical biochemistry, students take part in less demanding operations in the medical-biochemical laboratory: they get familiar with the recommended methods and appertaining reference intervals in general medical biochemistry

for the following laboratory tests: metabolites and substrates; enzymes; electrolytes; trace elements; proteins; lipids; and qualitative urine analysis.4th year: In the 60 hours with a mentor-master in medical biochemistry, students take part in less demanding operations in the cytological, microbiological and molecular diagnostics laboratories. They learn and independently apply simple methods of the parasitology laboratory and molecular diagnostics and cytology laboratories. Teaching manner: field work under supervisionTeaching language: Croatian

PROFESSIONAL TRAINING Course status: obligatory courseStudy years: 5th Semester: 10th Number of ECTS points: 30Coordinators of practical training: Marija Grdić Rajković, PhDPrerequisites: enrolment in the 10th semester; all obligatory courses passed.Course content:5th year: In the course Professional Training, students acquire the knowledge and skills for independent work in the medical-biochemical laboratory. The program comprises two professional units: medical biochemistry (500 hours) and hematology with coagulation (250 hours). Students acquire the knowledge and skills for taking, identification and delivery of samples, sample preparation for analysis, treatment of samples in biochemical, hematological and coagulation analyzers. Teaching manner: field work under supervisionTeaching language: Croatian

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