Opomun 2010 Booklet

OPOMUN 2010

Oporto Model United Nations 25th, 26th, 27th March 2010 Are you up to the challenges of today?

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Index

a) Oporto Page 5

b) CLIP (Oporto International School) Page 6

c) Oporto Model United Nations

a. OPOMUN 2010 Page 7

b. Issues Page 8

c. OPOMUN 2010 Members of State Page 10

d. Rules and Procedures Page 11

e. Enrollments and Deadlines Page 14

d) Palácio da Bolsa Page 15

e) Social Event – Real Companhia Velha Page 16

f) Conference Schedule Page 17

g) OPOMUN 2010 Team Page 18

h) Sponsors Page 19

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Oporto Timeless pleasures. Visionary concepts.

Unforgettably charming. This is the

general idea visitors get whenever visiting

the magnificent city of Oporto. Porto, also

known as Oporto in English, is the

nation’s second capital sharing the title of

most global and cosmopolitan city of

Portugal with its southern counterpart

Lisbon.

The proud cultural and economic heart of

the North of Portugal, Oporto has a

population of 220,000 inhabitants. Its real

demographic strength lies in the Greater

Metropolitan Area of Porto where a little

over 1.7 million people live.

Porto, as you will hopefully discover, has

a story to tell in every corner. Porto is

known for its friendly atmosphere as the

locals embrace foreign tourists with warm

hearts since they are quite accustomed to

the inflow of individuals from all over the

world

To walk in Oporto is not only to see, but

also to live history. Founded over 880

years ago, the historical centre has been

declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO.

The city is also responsible for the

country’s most famous export: Port Wine.

A tradition centuries old, which

connoisseurs appreciate in all five

continents.

Whether through its charm, beauty or

sheer cosmopolitan nature, our city is the

ideal location for the budding

entrepreneur or political visionary, to put

forth his ideas in a fantastic environment

of open minds and doors to those who

wish to make the world a better place.

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OPORTO INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

CLIP (Colégio Luso‐Internacional do Porto)

Expressing one’s views and arguments in a

cohesive and articulate manner constitutes

one of the main pillars of the education

provided to students at CLIP. The debate of

ideas is strongly encouraged in the

classroom and in the participation of CLIP

students in conferences in Europe, Asia and

the United States.

It is our strongest desire to provide you

with a constructive, demanding event

where the principles we stand for are

reflected and where, above all, we aim to

have the privilege of hearing your

perspectives and insights on the most

pressing issues of today.

The OPOMUN conference is the

embodiment of the initiative of a group of

students who travelled the world debating

at various locations and decided that they

themselves had a responsibility to bring

home the gift they had been given through

their experience; that of participating in a

rich debate where one can develop skills

that would have otherwise been ignored;

of developing bonds with individuals from

all backgrounds. This is what we propose,

our motivation.

So what motivates you?

Join us at OPOMUN and you will have the

perfect stage to show it to us yourself...

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Seeking Global Solutions to Global Problems

Taking place in the timeless city of Oporto, the

Oporto Model United Nations presents a

remarkable venue in which the exchange of

perspectives takes place.

In its 3rd Edition, it is our intention to take the

conference to the next level, with the debate

now occurring both at the state of the art

facilities of CLIP and at the stunning Arab room

in the UNESCO World Heritage classified,

Palácio da Bolsa.

We seek to engage delegates from all

backgrounds to put forth their ideas; to take the

stage as representatives of over 100 nations

while shedding their personal beliefs and

opinions by stepping into the shoes of

ambassadors and ministers alike; attempting to

further their own goals, while reaching a

compromise with those of others; solving the

most pressing issues of the 21st century to

ensure the livelihood of future generations.

These are the principles we stand for. The ones

for which this initiative was created.

And you?

Are you up to the challenges of today?

OPOMUN OPORTO MODEL UNITED NATIONS

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Oporto Model United Nations 2010 – Issues being covered

The issues of tomorrow. The solutions of today.

The debate style in OPOMUN seeks to incentivate a constructive step‐by‐step approach to

resolution making, while at the same time providing the ideal environment in which ideas can

presented, discussed and judged in a streamlined, engaging manner.

Our clause‐by‐clause debating procedure allows for these characteristics, since the resolution

can be constructed gradually and every part of it scrutinized by members. Unlike the wieldy

and rigid debating of resolutions as whole adopted by many conferences we believe this is the

ideal manner with which the most rational consensus can be reached.

Human Rights Committee

‐ Question of the illegal imprisonment

of individuals with the aim of

impeding self‐determination and the

chronic violation of the Declaration

of Human Rights of these very

individuals, in member states.

Do we live in a free world? To many of the

citizens of developed countries this may

seem like an obvious question. However the

threats on civil liberties in many of the UN’s

members are a reality. From openly

totalitarian regimes, which seek to control

the will of their citizens, to dictators

disguised as promoters of democracy. The

world is rife with those who seek to

antagonize and oppress.

The aim of the human rights committee is to

build up and approve a resolution, which

contains measures to counter the rise of

these oppressive governments establishing

measures to promote these liberties and

rights.

Disarmament Committee

‐ Question of uncontrolled nuclear

proliferation, with regard to the

advent of rogue nuclear programs in

member states.

The world’s nuclear security has become

ever more put at risk, due to a variety of

factors. From the fall of former nuclear

states to the information age’s spreading of

the know how of nuclear material and even

the willingness of certain states to distribute

nuclear technology.

The aim of the Disarmament committee is to

approach the issues that threaten the

nuclear security in the member states of the

UN, with a special emphasis in establishing

dialogue between legitimate nuclear powers

and aspiring nuclear states. Ultimately, an

effective framework is to be created for the

process of legal nuclear proliferation.

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General Assembly

‐ Question of UN reform.

Described by its own international documents

as a “culture of impunity” with “a pattern of

corrupt practices” and “systematic abuse”, the

United Nations faces tough questions after

numerous scandals have rocked the

international institution. The Oil‐food kickbacks

corrupt peacekeeping contracts and sexual

exploitation and abuse in UN peacekeeping

missions have tarnished the reputation of the

United Nations. Scandals aside, the credibility

of the United Nations was largely shattered by

the Security Council’s failure to address the

Iraqi threat. Instead of acting as an effective

mechanism for advancing global security, the

Security Council became a barrier to progress. Is

it time for dramatic changes to this global

institution? Or do the individual nations that

make up the organization need to take more

responsibility for the organization’s

shortcomings and their citizens’ actions? This

GA will examine the funding challenges of the

organization and address credibility issues as a

result of scandals. Yet the main issue being

addressed will be to explore the options

regarding the restructuring of the Security

Council.

“Since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the defenses of peace must be constructed.” UNESCO CHARTER

The United Nations charter was signed on

1945 in San Francisco. The conference

established the United Nations as an

organization dedicated to preserving peace,

expanding human rights and increasing

international co‐operation and collective

security.

The United Nations provide a means to help

resolve international conflicts peacefully and

formulate policy on issues of international

significance. All members have a voice and a

vote in this process.

With 192 members the UN acts as the chief

mediator in the event of a international crisis.

Despite criticisms to its relative

ineffectiveness due to a variety of reasons

such as: the excess of bureaucratic weight

and the advent of veto empowerment to the

United States, China, Russia, the UK and

France following the second world war, the

UN has a series of victories in its wake which

grant it near legendary status in the realm of

world affairs.

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Oporto Model United Nations 2010 OPOMUN 2010 Members of State

Afghanistan

Albania

Algeria

Angola

Argentina

Australia

Austria

Bangladesh

Bahrain

Belgium

Bolivia

Botswana

Brazil

Bosnia‐ Herzegovina

Bulgaria

Burkina Faso

Cambodia

Cameroon

Canada

Cape Verde

Chile

China

Colombia

Congo

Costa Rica

Croatia

Cuba

Czech

Republic

Denmark

Dominican

Republic

D.P.R.K

(North Korea)

DR Congo

Ecuador

Egypt

El Salvador

Ethiopia

Finland

France

Germany

Ghana

Greece

Guatemala

Guinea Bissau

Haiti

Honduras

Hungary

India

Indonesia

Iran

Iraq

Israel

Italy

Japan

Kazakhstan

Kenya

Kuwait

Lebanon

Libyan Arab

Jamahiriya

Mauritius

Mexico

Micronesia

Morocco

Mozambique

Myanmar

Namibia

Netherlands

Nigeria

Norway

Pakistan

Portugal

Qatar

Republic of Congo

Republic of Korea

Russian Federation

Saudi Arabia

Senegal

Singapore

Spain

Somalia

Sri Lanka

Sudan

South Africa

Sweden

Switzerland

East Timor

Thailand

Turkey

UAE

Uganda

UK

Ukraine

USA

Venezuela

Viet Nam

Zimbabwe

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Oporto Model United Nations 2010 ‐ Rules

RULES AND PROCEDURES

1. Obtain the floor before speaking.

2. Stand when speaking;

3. Speeches should begin with “Honourable

Chair, Fellow Delegates, Distinguish

Guests…”;

4. Yield the floor when required to do so by the

Chairman;

5. Always refer to another delegate or yourself,

in the third person.

6. Be courteous at all times and avoid the use

of insulting language.

7. Only the Chair, a member of the house

recognised by the chair for a point, or the

speaker holding the floor, has any right to

speak.

8. The Chair may, if circumstances warrant it,

extend or reduce debate times or speaking

times and limit the number of points of

information.

Although opening speeches are not mandatory,

delegates are welcome to write one.

Motions

1. Point of Personal Privilege – may interrupt

the speaker – for problems with audibility or

clarity.

2. Point of order/Parliamentary Enquiry – may

not interrupt the speaker – question

directed to the Chairman by a member

of the house who feels that a mistake

has been made in the order of debate

or who requires clarification of the

rules of procedure.

3. Point of Information – may not

interrupt the speaker – question

directed to the speaker who has the

floor by a member of the floor who

has been duly recognised by the Chair.

It must be in the form of a question.

4. Order of the day – may interrupt the

speaker – question to the chairman by

a member of the house who feels that

the topic being spoken by the speaker

is off course.

5. Move to previous question – may not

interrupt the speaker – calls for the

closure of debate and for a vote to be

taken on a motion pending. The Chair

or a speaker who has the floor may

move it.

6. Move to a table resolution – directed

to the Chair, asking to postpone the

debate.

7. Move to extend debate/caucus time –

may not interrupt the speaker ‐

directed to the Chair and raised after

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the elapse of debating/caucus time,

requesting its extension.

8. Division of the house – may not interrupt

the speaker – directed to the chair

requesting the recount of the votes, after

the vote counting is close.

9. Adopt without a vote – may not interrupt

the speaker; unanimous decision – no

objections.

Clause

A

clause is a specific kind of statement. It is a

clause such as clauses in business contracts,

which states terms of a specific agreement.

Many clauses together form a resolution.

There are two types of clauses: Preambulatory

and Operative. While preambulatory phrases

are statements, which define a problem,

operative clauses are the ones, which call for

action for the problem presented in the

preambulatory clauses.

Delegates are reminded that at OPOMUN

Conference, they are not expected to arrive

with full‐fledged resolutions. One or two solid

operative clauses with which to caucus and

kick‐off the debate is all that is required.

Resolutions are expected to emerge from the

debates in the committees.

Life of a Clause:

1. Lobbying/Caucusing – discuss with

other delegates your opinions,

according to your country’s policies

so that you can exchange knowledge

in order to formulate clauses.

2. Submission – the main submitter

must fill in, in the adequate paper

the clause and write as submitter.

Each clause must have at least tree

co‐submitters. In order to be

considered, operative clauses must

begin with the following expressions:

‐ Accepts;

‐ Affirms;

‐ Approves;

‐ Asks;

‐ Authorises;

‐ Calls For/ Calls Upon;

‐ Condemns;

‐ Congratulates;

‐ Confirms;

‐ Declares accordingly;

‐ Deplores;

‐ Designates;

‐ Encourages;

‐ Endorses;

‐ Expresses its appreciation/hope;

‐ Further

invites/proclaims/recommends/

requests/resolves;

‐ Hopes;

‐ Invites;

‐ Proclaims;

‐ Proposes;

‐ Recommends;

‐ Regrets;

‐ Requests;

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‐ Resolves;

‐ Seeks;

‐ Strongly affirms/condemns/ urges;

‐ Suggests;

‐ Supports;

‐ Trusts;

‐ Transmits;

‐ Urges;

3. Presentation/ Debating Time – The

delegate should raise his placards when

the Chair announces that the floor is

open. If this delegate holds the floor, he

should state that he has submitted a

clause.

4. Time in Favour/Against – After the

submitter of the clause presented it, and

spoke for the clause, it is time for any

delegate who wishes to speak against or

in favour of the clause.

5. Voting – After there has been time for

and against the clause, the Chair will

close the debating time and move into

voting procedures. Each delegate has the

right to vote for, against or abstain.

Resolution

A resolution is similar to a contract, however

applied to a political reality, in which it works as

an agreement between nations to resolve a

given problem.

Amendment

When a clause is presented, a delegate must

analyse if he is in favour or against the clause. A

delegate may be in favour of the general idea

stated in the clause, but have some hesitations

regarding other aspects. In order to the

clause being more viable for the delegate,

he can submit an amendment to the clause.

An amendment is an alteration to the

original clause. The delegate can strike

(eliminate), insert (add) or change (modify),

the original clause.

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Oporto Model United Nations 2010 ‐ Enrollments

ENROLLMENTS AND DEADLINES

Name CLIP – COLÉGIO LUSO‐INTERNACIONAL PORTO SA

Account 9‐4132605.000.001

NIB 0010 0000 41326050001 32

IBAN – International Bank Account Number PT50 0010 0000 4132 6050 0013 2

Deadlines and Fees Agenda

Friday, 15th January 2010 – School Enrollment

(schools are to send to

[email protected] their intentions to

participate on OPOMUN, along with the

payment receipt (a digital scan of it will

suffice) – 50€ ‐ which should be paid through

bank transfer;

Friday, 12th February 2010 – Final delegation

payments (schools are to send to

[email protected] the number of

delegates participating, as well as their

countries’ preference, along with an extract

of the transaction – 70€/delegate* ‐ which

should be paid through bank transfer);

Tuesday, 23rd February 2010 – Country

assignments (OPOMUN will assign to each

school their given countries);

Monday, 8th March 2010 – Schools are

expected to send to

[email protected] the name and

respective country of each delegate;

* One Chaperone per school is not

charged while the second Chaperone will

be required to pay the 70€ fee.

Hotels Available

Having a partnership with the Fénix Hotels

we have managed to secure a series of

special deals for those that are staying with

us during the length of the conference.

HF Fénix Porto (****)

‐ Single or Double… 65.00€

‐ Triple… 89.00€

HF Tuela Porto (***)

‐ Single or Double… 60.00€

‐ Triple… 79.00€

Although we provide these deals we

merely act as mediators and payments

should be made directly to the hotels.

www.hfhotels.com / [email protected]

Prices include 2 lunches, 1 dinner and all

the trips to and from the hotel.

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Palácio da Bolsa Breathing History. Living Glamour.

The Porto Commercial Association started building the Palácio da Bolsa, its seat and property

in 1842. Throughout three generations many masters and craftsmen alike worked towards

the building of this 19th century architectural jewel in neoclassical style.

Classified as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, the Palacio da Bolsa’s Arab Room, with its

gilded gold ceilings, is an absolutely stunning site. Considered by man to be the city’s cultural,

social and political hub, the palace is a brisk and active space, open to the community, where

the purposes and reasons behind its creation are pursued: to be a meeting point, a reception

area, and above all, a place where views are exchanged.

Host to OPOMUN’s General Assembly and ideally located near the river in the city’s historic

centre, the Palace will undoubtedly be serving its purpose: when delegates debate the issues

the most pressing issues of today, within the walls of a timeless room, in a building which has

been serving as a home to the clash of ideas for over 165 years.

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Social Event Real Companhia Velha

250 years of history

On the 10th September 1756, The

Real Companhia Velha was founded

by Royal Charter of The King D. José

I, under the auspices of His Prime

Minister, Sebastião José de Carvalho

e Mello, Count de Oeiras and

Marquis de Pombal.

Formed by the most important

farmers of the Upper Douro and the

Good Men of the City of Oporto, the

Company was entrusted with the

task of "sustaining the cultivation of

vines, conserving the production of

them in their natural pureness, in

benefit of Agriculture, Trade and

Public Health.

Among the numerous services

performed by the Company in favor

of the public, outstanding, because

of their enormous importance, were

the so‐called Pombaline

Demarcation in the Douro Region,

carried out between 1758 and 1761

by the Deputies of the Board of the

Real Companhia Velha. Thus the Port

wine Region was delimited‐ being

the oldest Demarcated Wine Region

in the world.

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Conference Schedule 25th, 26th and 27th March 2010

Thursday, 25th March 2010

(Real Companhia Velha)

17:00 – 17:30: Registration at Real

Companhia Velha

17:30 – 19:00: Opening Ceremony

19:00 – 20:00: Social Event (Guided Tour

to the wine cellars)

20:00 – 22:00: Snack at Real Companhia

Velha.

End of Day One

Friday, 26th March 2010

(CLIP)

09:00 – 09:30: Registration at CLIP

09:30 – 11:30: Committees in Session I

11:30 – 11:45: Coffee Break

11:45 – 13:30: Committees in Session II

13:30 – 14:30: Lunch at CLIP

14:30 – 16:30: Committees in Session III


17:00 – 18:00: Committees in Session IV

End of Day Two

Saturday, 27th March 2010

(Palácio da Bolsa)

09:00 – 09:30: Registration at Palácio da

Bolsa

09:30 – 11:00: G.A. in Session I


11:15 – 13:15: G.A. in Session II

13:15 – 14:30: Lunch

14:30 – 16:30: G.A. in Session III


17:00 – 18:00: Closing Ceremony

End of Day Three

Day One Day Two Day Three

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Fernando Carvalho, Secretary General

One of the founders of the original OPOMUN conference, our Secretary

General is an award winning MUN veteran with over a dozen conferences, and

various chairing positions to his name, including the chairing of a Global

Summit for 300 delegates in the actual UN building in NY.

Ana Barandela, Head of Administration Staff

Our Intrepid Head of Admin staff comes from a background where managing

large groups of people has become second nature.

With various conferences attended as a delegate and her involvement in

previous editions experience and professionalism are the key traits of our HoAS.

Erika Otaviano, Head of Press

As a budding Journalist, Erika Otaviano has been involved in the organisation of

MUN conferences extensively and been responsible in part for the Press of

OPOMUN in its previous editions. Her insights will be invaluable to delegates

whether in the analysis of debates or the most comical moments in the realms

of note passing and speech making.

The OPOMUN 2010 Team Behind every event are the faces that created it. The minds who imagined it. The voices that promoted it.

The ones who are here to provide you with the finest experience possible.

These are our faces.

Carolina Pereira, Deputy Secretary General

Carolina Pereira is one of the masterminds behind the founding of the

OPOMUN movement. An experienced MUN debater, she has held multiple

chairing positions in conferences the world over. As this year's deputy

Secretary General her voice will, without a doubt, be a vivid call to order.

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OPOMUN SPONSORS Partners in Vision. Partners in Business.

This booklet was made by: Ana Barandela

Carolina Pereira

Fernando Carvalho

Special thanks to: Miss Isabel Morgado

OPOMUN 2010

Contact us: Rua de Vila Nova, 1071 . 4100‐506 Porto, Portugal

[email protected] [email protected]

+351 226 199 160 (tlf) +351 226 199 169 (fax) +351 915 210 683 (Sec. General) +351 938 199 773 (Dep. Sec. General)

www.opomun.org

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Opomun 2010 Booklet