Oracle Full

7/29/2019 Oracle Full

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1)Write a query to view all rows and columns of a table

Select * from emp;

Output:-ENO ENAME SALARY DEPT DESG COMM BASIC_PAY

1 aman 15000 10 clerk 500 1000

2 simran 25000 20 manager 1000 1500

3 karampreet 12000 30 salesman 200 500

4 manjot 10000 30 salesman 200 500

5 gurpreet 17000 40 clerk 500 1000

6 gurnoor 8000 10 clerk 200 1000

7 hardeep 11000 30 salesman 200 500

8 manjeet 27000 50 admin - 2000

9 abhinav 15000 60 manager - 2000

2)Write a query to view selected columns and all rows

Select rno, name from student;

Output:-

RNO NAME

1 meenakshi

2 sandeep

3 sarbhjeet

4 ekjot

5 geetik

3)Write a query to view selected columns and selected rows

Select name from stu30 where rollno=1;

Output:-

NAME

meenakshi

4)Create table student with columns rollno(primary

key),name(not null),address,fathername,marks, phone no. and

perform following queries on it :-

1.Insert 5 records in the table

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2.Update rollno 2s name to Sandeep

3.Update the ph_no of any student.

4.Rollno and names of student whose marks >70

5.Show details of all students

6.Show the details of rollno =57.Delete any record

create table stu30(rollno number(3) primary key,name varchar(10)

NOT NULL,address varchar(10),fathername varchar(10),marks

number(8),ph_no number(10));

desc stu30;

Output:-

Table Column Data Type Length Precision Scale

PrimaryKey Nullable Defaul t Comment

STU3 0 ROLLNO Number - 3 0 1 - - -

NAME Varchar2 10 - - - - - -

ADDRESS Varchar2 10 - - - - -

FATHERNAME Varchar2 10 - - - - -

MARKS Number - 8 0 - - -

PH_NO Number - 10 0 - - -

1.Insert 5 records in the table

insert into stu30 values(1,'meenakshi','ldh','manish',68,84736);

insert into stu30 values(2,'meenakshi','jldhr','manish',67,87364);

insert into stu30 values(3,'sarbhjeet','chd','Harpal',78,30586);

insert into stu30 values(4,'Ekjot','jal','Narinder',54,30754);

insert into stu30 values(5,'palak','chd','Gurdev',75,59264);

select * from stu30;

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Output:-

ROLLNO NAME ADDRESS FATHERNAME MARKS PH_NO

1 meenakshi ldh Manish 68 84736

2 meenakshi jldhr Manish 67 87364

3 sarbhjeet chd Harpal 78 30586

4 Ekjot jal Narinder 54 30754

5 palak chd Gurdev 75 59264

2.Update rollno 2s name to Sandeep

update stu30 set name='sandeep' where rollno=2;

Output:-



2 sandeep jldhr Manish 67 87364




3.Update the ph_no of any student

update stu30 set ph_no=48294 where rollno=2;

Output:-



2 sandeep jldhr Manish 67 48294




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4.Rollno and names of student whose marks are greater than

70.

select rollno, name from stu30 where marks>70;

Output:-R OL LN O N AME

3 sarbhjeet

5 palak

5.Show details of all students

select * from stu30;

Output:-


1 meenakshi ldh manish 68 84736

2 sandeep jldhr manish 67 48294




6.Show the details of rollno =5select * from stu30 where rollno=5;

Output:-

R OL LN O N AME AD DR ESS FATH ER NAME MARKS PH _N O


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7.Delete any record

delete stu30 where rollno=5;

Output:-


1 meenakshi ldh manish 68 84736

2 sandeep jldhr manish 67 48294



5) Create table student and execute following queries:-

1.show number of students whose marks >50% and marks


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select * from student;

Output:-

RNO NAME ENG MATH PBI

1 meenakshi 75 46 68

2 sandeep 92 67 87

3 sarbhjeet 45 36 60

4 ekjot 72 54 69

5 geetika 52 48 75

1.Show number of students whose marks >50% and marks

200;

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Output:-R NO N AM E EN G+ MATH +P BI

2 sandeep 246

4.Calculate minimum and maximum marksSelect MAX(eng+math+pbi),MIN(eng+math+pbi) from student;

Output:-

MAX(ENG+MATH+PBI) MIN(ENG+MATH+PBI)

246 141

5.Show rno,marks,total marks and percentage

Select rno,eng+math+pbi as total_marks,(eng+math+pbi)/300*100 as percentage from student;

Output:-R NO TOTAL_M AR KS P ER CE NTAGE

1 189 63

2 246 82

3 141 47

4 195 65

5 175 58.33

6. Show marks of rollno 1,5 and 7.

select eng+math+pbi as marks from student where rno in(1,3,5);

Output:-MARKS

189

141

175

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7.Select name, rollno,marks, if marks are less than 50 than

give 5 grace marks and then show result.

select name,rno,eng+math+pbi+5 as result from student where

eng+pbi+math


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Output:-ENO ENAME SALARY DEPT DESG

1 aman 15000 10 clerk

2 simran 25000 20 manager

3 karampreet 12000 30 salesman

4 manjot 10000 30 salesman

5 gurpreet 17000 40 clerk

6).Create table dept with columns dno, dname, dptno , loc.

createtable dept(dno number(4), dname varchar2(20), dptno

number(4), loc varchar2(10));

Table created

insert into dept values(1,science,model town,ldh,10);

1 row(s) inserted.

insert into dept values(2,computer,dholewal,chd,20);

1 row(s) inserted.

insert into dept values(3,commerce,milar ganj,jld,30);

1 row(s) inserted.

insert into dept values(4,englisg,arti chownk,ldh,40);

1 row(s) inserted.

insert into dept values(5,punjabi,preet plc,chd,50);

1 row(s) inserted.

select * from dept;

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output:-DNO DNAME LOC ADDRESS DPTNO

1 science model town ldh 10

2 computer dholewal chd 20

3 commerce milar ganj jld 30

4 englisg arti chowk ldh 40

5 punjabi preet plc chd 50

1. Put constraint foreign key on employee table column dno.

alter table emp add(constraint fk_emp foreign key(dept)

references dept(dno));

output:-

ORA-02270: no matching unique or primary key for this column-

list

2.Add constraint primary key in dept table column dno.

alter table dept add( constraint pk_dep primary key(dno));

output:-

Table altered.

3.Make column loc of dept table that their should enter thevalues only ludhiana and jalandhar.

alter table dept add(constraint ck_dep check(loc='ldh' or

loc='jalandhar'));

output:-

ORA-02293: cannot validate (SYSTEM.CK_DEP) - check

constraint violated

7).list all employees whose ename starts with A and end with

N.

select * from emp where ename like 'a%n';

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8).list all employees whose designation is clerk or managerSelect * from emp where desg= 'clerk' OR desg= 'manager';





6 gurnoor 8000 10 clerk

9). List all columns whose department other than 30

select * from emp where Dept NOT IN (30);





6 gurnoor 8000 10 clerk

10). List ename,designation,salary of an employee of dept no

10 and whose salary is greater than 12000.

Select ename,desg,salary from emp where dept=10 and

salary>12000;

Output:-ENAME DESG SALAR Y

aman clerk 15000

11).list all employees whose salary lies between 12500 and

30000

Select * from emp where salary BETWEEN 12500 and 30000;

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Output:-

ENO ENAME SALARY DEPT DESG




12).List all employees who are not clerks

Select ename,desg from emp where desg!= 'clerk';

Output:-ENAME DESG

simran manager

karampreet salesman

manjot salesman

hardeep salesman

13).Select name of manager of department 20 whose salary is

greater than 20,000.

select ename,salary from emp where desg='manager' and dept=20and salary>20000;

Output:-E NAM E S AL AR Y

simran 25000

14).Show the details of employees who is working as salesman

and whose salary is greater than 11000.

select * from emp where desg='salesman' and salary>11000;


3 karampreet 12000 30 salesman

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15).Add new columns commission, basic_pay in table emp.

alter table emp add(comm number(5),basic_pay number(5));

Output:-

Table altered

update table emp set comm=500 where eno in(1,5);

2 row(s) updated

update table emp set comm=200 where eno in(4,6,7);

3 row(s) updated

update table emp set basic_pay=1000 where eno in(1,5,6);

3 row(s) updated

update table emp set basic_pay=500 where eno in(3,7);

2 row(s) updated

update table emp set basic_pay=2000 where eno in(8,9);

2 row(s) updated

update table emp set basic_pay=1500 where eno=2;1 row(s) updated

select * from emp;


1 aman 15000 10 clerk 500 1000

2 simran 25000 20 manager 1000 1500



5 gurpreet 17000 40 clerk 500 1000

6 gurnoor 8000 10 clerk 200 1000


8 manjeet 27000 50 admin - 2000


16). Show ename,basic_pay and 5% of basic_pay from table.

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select ename,basic_pay,basic_pay*5/100 from emp;

Output:-ENAME BASIC_PAY BASIC_PAY*5 /100

aman 1000 50

simran 1500 75

karampreet 500 25

manjot 500 25

gurpreet 1000 50

gurnoor 1000 50

hardeep 500 25

manjeet 2000 100

abhinav 2000 100

17).Show the details of employees of department 10,20 and 30.select * from emp where dept in(10,20,30);


1 aman 15000 10 clerk 500 1000

2 simran 25000 20 manager 1000 1500



6 gurnoor 8000 10 clerk 200 1000


18).Display ename,desg,basic_pay+500 as a bonus from table

emp.

select ename,desg,basic_pay+500 as bonus from emp;

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Output:-ENAME DESG BONUS

aman clerk 1500

simran manager 2000

karampreet salesman 1000

manjot salesman 1000

gurpreet clerk 1500

gurnoor clerk 1500

hardeep salesman 1000

manjeet admin 2500

abhinav manager 2500

19).List all employees who is not getting a commission.

select ename,desg from emp where comm is NULL;

Output:-EN AME DESG

manjeet admin

abhinav manager

20).List all employees who is getting a commission.

select ename,desg from emp where comm is not NULL;

Output:-ENAME DESG

aman clerk

simran manager

karampreet salesman

manjot salesman

gurpreet clerk

gurnoor clerk

hardeep salesman

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21). List all the names and enos as name is .

select eno||' name is '||ename as employees from emp;

Output:-EMPLOYEES

1 name is aman

2 name is simran

3 name iskarampreet

4 name is manjot

5 name is gurpreet

6 name is gurnoor

7 name is hardeep

8 name is manjeet

10 name is sandy

16 name is mandeep

22).Display names, total_salary of employees whose

total_salary is greater than 20000.

select ename,comm+basic_pay+salary as total_salary from emp

where comm+salary+basic_pay>20000;

Output:-ENAME TOTAL_SALARY

simran 27500

23).Show the details of students in ascending alphabetic order.

select * from emp order by ename;



1 aman 15000 10 clerk 500 1000

6 gurnoor 8000 10 clerk 200 1000

5 gurpreet 17000 40 clerk 500 1000



8 manjeet 27000 50 admin - 2000


2 simran 25000 20 manager 1000 1500

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24). Names of employees whose bonus is between 10000 and

50000.

select ename,(comm+salary)-basic_pay as bonus from emp where

desg='manager' and (comm+salary)-basic_pay between 10000 and

50000;Output:-

E NAM E B ON US

simran 24500

25). Show the names of employees whose names having only 5

characters only.

select ename from emp where ename like '____';

Output:- ENAMEaman

26).Count the number of designation titles in emp table.

select COUNT(*),COUNT(desg) from emp;

Output:-COUNT(*) COUNT(DESG)

9 9

27).List the sum of sal and comm. of all employees where dept

is 20.

Select dept, SUM(salary),SUM(comm) from emp where dept=20;

Output:-

SUM(SALARY) SUM(COMM)

25000 1000

28).Calculate sum of salaries of employees department wise.

select dept,sum(salary) from emp group by dept;

Output:-

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DEPT SUM(SALARY)

30 33000

20 25000

40 17000

50 27000

10 23000

60 15000

29).Count the number of employees in emp table under each

desg title.

select desg,count(desg) from emp group by desg;

Output:-D ES G C OU NT (D ES G)

salesma

n

3

clerk 3

manager 2

admin 1

30).Calculate total number of employees under each desg title

within each dept

select desg,count(desg) from emp group by dept,desg;

Output:-D ES G C OU NT( DE SG )

admin 1

manager 1

clerk 2

salesman

3

clerk 1

manager 1

31).Calculate sum of salaries group by dept using having

clause.

select dept,sum(salary) from emp group by dept having

sum(salary)


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Output:-DEPT SUM(SALARY)

40 17000

60 15000

32).Count number of clerk in deptno 10

select count(eno) from emp where desg='clerk' and dept=10;

Output:-COUNT(ENO)

2

33).Calculate total and average salary and count number of

manager in deptno 20select count(eno),sum(salary),avg(salary) from emp where

desg='manager' and dept=20;

Output:-COUNT(ENO) SUM(SALARY) AVG(SALARY)

1 25000 25000

34).Calculate max and min sal of clerks along with

department.Select min(salary),max(salary),dept from emp where desg= 'clerk'

group by dept;

Output:-MIN(S ALARY) MAX (S ALARY) DEP T

17100 17100 40

8100 15100 10

35). Select ename, desg, dname of each employee using equi

join.

select ename,desg,dname from emp,dept where

emp.eno=dept.dno;

Output:-

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ENAME DESG DNAME

aman clerk science

simran manager computer

karampreet salesman commerce

manjot salesman English

gurpreet clerk Punjabi

36).Select ename, dept and dname where desg is clerk.

select ename,emp.dept,dname from emp,dept

where emp.dept=dept.dptno and desg='clerk';

Output:-ENAME D EPT DN AME

gurnoor 10 science

aman 10 science

gurpreet 40 English

37).Select ename, desg, dptno and dname whose dptno is not 20

and 40.

select ename,desg,dept.dptno,dname from emp,dept

where emp.dept(+)=dept.dptno and dept.dptno not in(20,40);

Output:-ENAME DESG DPTNO DNAME

aman clerk 10 science

karampreet salesman 30 commerce

manjot salesman 30 commerce

gurnoor clerk 10 science

hardeep salesman 30 commerce

manjeet admin 50 punjabi

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38).Select ename, dept, dname from emp and dept table using

Cartesian join.

select ename, emp.dept, dname from emp,dept order by ename;

Output:-EN AME DEPT DN AME

abhinav 60 science

abhinav 60 commerce

abhinav 60 punjabi

abhinav 60 englisg

abhinav 60 computer

aman 10 science

aman 10 commerce

aman 10 computer

aman 10 englisg

aman 10 punjabi

39).Select eno,ename from emp table where either dept=10 or

dept=30.

select eno,ename from emp where dept=10

UNION

select eno,ename from emp where dept=30;

Output:-ENO ENAME

1 aman

3 karampreet

4 manjot

6 gurnoor

7 hardeep

40).Show eno and name of employees who work for deptno 10

and deptno 40.select eno,ename from emp where dept=10

MINUS

select eno,ename from emp where dept=40;

Output:-

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ENO EN AME

1 aman

6 gurnoor

41).Show the names of employees whose name start with a, j or

s using intersect operator.

select eno,ename from emp

where ename like 'a%' or ename like 's%'

intersect

select eno,ename from emp

where ename like 'a%' or ename like 'j%';

Output:-

ENO ENAME

1 aman

9 abhinav

42).List department information of all department whose

location is ldh.Select dname,dno from dept where loc = ldh;

Output:-

No data found

43).List all employees who earn more than the average salary

of all emplyees.

select ename,dept,salary from emp where salary >(select

AVG(salary) from emp e2 where emp.dept=emp.dept);

Output:-ENAME D EPT SALAR Y

simran 20 25000

gurpreet 40 17000

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manjeet 50 27000

44).List all employees whose name end with N.

select eno,ename from emp where ename LIKE '%n';

Output:-ENO ENAME

1 aman

2 simran

45).List number of employees of in science department table.

select ename,salary,dname from EMP ,DEPT where

dname='science' AND EMP.dept=DEPT.dptno;

Output:-E NAM E S AL AR Y DN AM E

aman 15100 science

gurnoor 8100 science

46).List names of employees where sal>maximum sal of

deptno=20.select ename,salary from EMP where salary>(select

MAX(salary) from EMP where dept=20);

Output:-E NAM E S AL AR Y

manjeet 27000

47). List eno,ename,salary(incl. comm) and dname of allemployees.

select eno,ename,salary,salary+comm,dname from emp,dept

where emp.dept=dept.dptno;

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Output:-ENO EN AME SALARY SALAR Y+COMM DN AME

1 aman 15000 15500 science

2 simran 25000 26000 computer

3 karampreet 12000 12200 commerce

4 manjot 10000 10200 commerce

5 gurpreet 17000 17500 englisg

6 gurnoor 8000 8200 science

7 hardeep 11000 11200 commerce

8 manjeet 27000 - punjabi

48).Display names of employees whose salary is greater than

maximum salary of employees working in dept=20;

select ename from emp where salary>(select max(salary) from

emp where dept=20);

Output:-ENAME

manjeet

49).Display all employees who are working in dept=10 and who

earn atleast must as any employee in dept=30.

select ename,salary,desg from emp where salary>= any(select

salary from emp where dept=30) and dept=10;

Output:-ENAME SAL ARY DESG

aman 15000 clerk

50).Display all employees who are not in dept=30 and who earnmore than all employees in dept=30.

select ename,salary,desg from emp where salary>= all(select

salary from emp where dept=30) and dept!=30;

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Output:-EN AME SALAR Y DESG

aman 15000 clerk

simran 25000 manager

gurpreet 17000 clerk

manjeet 27000 admin

abhinav 1 5000 manager

51).Show name,salary,dept of the employee whose salary is

greater than employee no 5 s salary.

select eno,ename,salary,dept from emp where salary> (select

salary from emp where eno=5);

Output:-ENO ENAME SALARY DEPT

2 simran 20000 20

8 manjeet 20000 50

16 mandeep 20000 20

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52)List all employees who do not work in the same

department as that of its maneger.

select * from emp where dept NOT IN (select dept from emp

where desg='manager');

Output:-

ENO E NAM E SALAR Y D EP T D ES G C OMM B AS IC _P AY

1 aman 15100 10 clerk 500 1000



5 gurpreet 17100 40 clerk 500 1000

6 gurnoor 8100 10 clerk 200 1000


8 manjeet 20000 50 admin - 2000

10 sandy - 60 clerk - -

53).Create view for clerks and perform insertion

Create view clerk AS

Select eno,ename,desg,dept from emp;

Output:-View created

Insert into clerk(eno,ename,desg,dept)

Values (10,'sandy','clerk',60);

54).Create a view by enabling read only option

Create or replace view clerk AS

Select eno,ename,desg,dept from emp where dept=20 anddept=40 with read only;

55).Create a join view

Create or replace view emp_dept_veiw as

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select emp.eno,emp.ename,emp.dept,dept.dname ,dept.loc

from emp,dept where dept.loc IN('ldh','jld','chd');

56). Create sequence with maximum value 50.Create SEQUENCE emp_dept

Increment by 1

Start with 1

Maxvalue 50;

Output

Sequence created

57). Insertion in table emp using sequences

Insert into emp_dept (eno,ename,salary) values (emp_dept.nextval,

preet,21000);

58).Write a query to alter sequence emp_dept

alter sequence emp_dept

increment by 2

maxvalue 100;

output

sequence altered

59)Write a query to drop sequence emp_dept

drop sequence emp_dept;

output

sequence dropped

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60) Create a table STU with RNO(primary key),

NAME(should start with S or A), AGE(should not be

negative).

CREATE TABLE stu

(rno number(4) primary key,name varchar2(20) check(name like 'a%' or name like 's%'),

age number(2) check(age>0));

output:-

Table created

insert into stu values(1,'sehaj',22);

1 row(s) inserted

insert into stu values(2,'aman',21);

1 row(s) inserted

insert into stu values(3,'sandeep',22);

1 row(s) inserted

insert into stu values(4,'simran',20);

1 row(s) inserted

insert into stu values(5,'agamjeet',19);

1 row(s) inserted

select * from stu;

output:-RNO NAME AGE

1 sehaj 22

2 aman 21

3 sandeep 22

4 simran 20

5 agamjeet 19

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61) Display the name and age of students whose age is same as

that of Sehaj.

select name,age from stu where age in(select age from stu where

name='sehaj');

output:-

NAME AGE

sandeep

22

sehaj 22

62) Show the details of student whose age is less than 20.select * from stu where age0),

status varchar2(10) check(status in('pass','fail','absent')));

output:-

Table created

insert into status values(2,45,'pass');1 row(s) inserted.

insert into status values(4,65,'pass');

1 row(s) inserted.

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insert into status values(1,25,'fail');

1 row(s) inserted.

insert into status values(5,null,'absent');

1 row(s) inserted.

insert into status values(3,15,'fail');

1 row(s) inserted.

select * from status;

output:-R _N O M AR KS ST AT US

2 45 pass

4 65 pass

1 25 fail

5 - absent

3 15 fail

64) Show the details of absenties.

select * from status where status='absent';

output:-

65) Replace missing or Null values with not known.

select r_no,status,NVL (to_char(marks),'not known') as marks

from status;

output:-

R_N O ST AT US M AR KS2 pass 45

4 pass 65

1 fail 25

5 absent not known

3 fail 15

R _N O M AR KS ST AT US

5 - absent

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PL/SQL PROGRAMS

--1Write a pl\sql program to find even number using if

statement.

declare

n number := :n;

begin

if n mod 2 =0 then

dbms_output.put_line(n || ' is even ');

end if;

end;

Output

2 is even

--2write a pl\sql program to find number is positive using if

statement.

declare

n number := :n;

begin

if n > 0 then

dbms_output.put_line(n || ' is positive ');

end if;end;

Output2 is positive

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--3Write a pl\sql program to find number is positive or

negative using if-else statement.

declare

n number := :n;begin

if n > 0 then

dbms_output.put_line(n || ' is positive ');

else

dbms_output.put_line(n || ' is negative ');

end if;

end;

Output2 is positive-5 is negative

--4Write a pl\sql program to find even or odd number using if-

elsestatement.declaren number := :n;beginif n mod 2 = 0 thendbms_output.put_line(n || ' is even ');elsedbms_output.put_line(n || ' is odd');

end if;end;

Output2 is even

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5 is odd

--5Write a sql program to enter the days of a week according

to numbers.

declare


if n = 1 then

dbms_output.put_line('day is sunday');

elsif n = 2 then

dbms_output.put_line('day is monday');

elsif n = 3 then

dbms_output.put_line('day is tuesday');

elsif n = 4 thendbms_output.put_line('day is wednesday');

elsif n = 5 then

dbms_output.put_line('day is thursday');

elsif n = 6 then

dbms_output.put_line('day is friday');

elsif n = 1 then

dbms_output.put_line('day is saturday');

elsedbms_output.put_line('pls enter number b\w 1-7');

end if;

end;

Outputday is sunday

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--6Write a sql program to enter the colours according to

numbers.

declare

c number := :c;

beginif c = 1 then

dbms_output.put_line('colour is green');

elsif c = 2 then

dbms_output.put_line('colour is yellow');

elsif c = 3 then

dbms_output.put_line('colour is sky');

elsif c = 4 then

dbms_output.put_line('colour is red');elsif c = 5 then

dbms_output.put_line('colour is black');

elsif c = 6 then

dbms_output.put_line('colour is blue');

elsif c = 7 then

dbms_output.put_line('colour is pink');

else

dbms_output.put_line('pls enter number b\w 1-7');end if;

end;

Outputcolour is sky

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--7Write a sql program to enter the months of the year

according to numbers.

declare

m number := :m;

beginif m = 1 then

dbms_output.put_line('month is january');

elsif m = 2 then

dbms_output.put_line('month is feburary');

elsif m = 3 then

dbms_output.put_line('month is march');

elsif m = 4 then

dbms_output.put_line('month is april');elsif m = 5 then

dbms_output.put_line('month is may');

elsif m = 6 then

dbms_output.put_line('month is june');

elsif m = 7 then

dbms_output.put_line('month is july');

elsif m = 8 then

dbms_output.put_line('month is august');elsif m = 9 then

dbms_output.put_line('month is september');

elsif m = 10 then

dbms_output.put_line('month is october');

elsif m = 11 then

dbms_output.put_line('month is november');

elsif m = 12 then

dbms_output.put_line('month is december');

elsedbms_output.put_line('pls enter number b\w 1-12');

end if;

end;

Output

month is november

35


36/83

--8Write a pl\sql program to find factorial of number.

declare

f number := 1;

i number := 1;


while i


37/83

--9Write a pl\sql program to find factorial of number and

inserting the correspondingvalues into table fact.

declare

f number := 1;i number := 1;

n number := :n;

begin

while i


38/83

--10 Write a pl\sql program to print counting from 1-10 using

while loop.

declare

i number := 1;begin

dbms_output.put_line('the counting is');

while i


39/83

--11Write pl\sql program to print table using for loop.

declare


dbms_output.put_line(' the table of '||n|| ' is ');

for i in 1..10 loop

dbms_output.put_line( n ||' * '|| i ||' = '|| n*i );

end loop;

end;

Outputthe table of 2 is2 * 1 = 22 * 2 = 42 * 3 = 62 * 4 = 82 * 5 = 102 * 6 = 122 * 7 = 142 * 8 = 162 * 9 = 182 * 10 = 20

39


40/83


while loop.

declare

i number := 10;begin

dbms_output.put_line('the counting is');

while i>=1 loop

dbms_output.put_line(i);

i := i-1;

end loop;

end;

Outputthe counting is10987654321

40


41/83

--13Write a pl\sql program to print counting from 1-10 using

for loop.

begin

dbms_output.put_line('the counting is');for i in 1..10 loop

dbms_output.put_line( i);

end loop;

end;

Output

the counting is12345678910

41


42/83


for loop.

begin

dbms_output.put_line('the counting is');for i in reverse 1..10 loop

dbms_output.put_line( i);

end loop;

end;

Output

the counting is10987654321

42


43/83

--15To calculate simple interest.

declare

p number := :p;r number := :r;

t number := :t;

s number;

begin

s := (p*r*t)/100;

dbms_output.put_line(' the simple interest of '|| 'p = '||p||',r = '||r||',t =

'||t||' is ' ||s);

end;

Outputthe simple interest of p = 5900,r = 2.5,t =5 is 737.5

43


44/83

--16To calculate simple interest .

--(1) if time is greater than 2yrs and less than 4yrs then rate is

8.5

--(2) if time is greater than 4yrs and less than 6yrs then rate is5

--(3) if time is greater than 6yrs and less than 8yrs then rate is

3

--(4) else rate is 2

declare

p number := :p;

r number ;

t number := :t;s number;

begin

if(t>2 and t4 and t6 and t


45/83

s := (p*r*t)/100;

dbms_output.put_line(' the simple interest of '|| 'p = '||p||',r = '||

r||',t = '||t||' is ' ||s);

end if;

end;

Outputthe simple interest of p = 5900,r = 2,t = 2is 236

--17Write a pl\sql program to find sum of 10 even numbers.declares number := 0;beginfor i in 1..20 loopif i mod 2 = 0 thens := i + s;end if;

end loop;dbms_output.put_line('sum of first 10 evennumbers are ' || s);end;

Outputsum of first 10 even numbers are 110

45


46/83

--18Write a pl\sql program to display message "welcome to

pl\sql".begindbms_output.put_line('welcome to pl\sql');

end;

Outputwelcome to pl\sql

--19Write a pl\sql program to calculate product of two

numbers.declarea number := :a;b number := :b;p number;begin

p := a * b;dbms_output.put_line(' product of '||a ||'and '||b|| ' is '||p);end;

Outputproduct of 34 and 2 is 68

46


47/83

--20Write a pl\sql program to calculate division of two

numbers.declare

a number := :a;b number := :b;p number;beginp := a / b;dbms_output.put_line(' division of '||a ||'and '||b|| ' is '||p);end;

Outputdivision of 34 and 2 is 17

--21Write a pl\sql program to calculate addition of two

numbers.declarea number := :a;b number := :b;p number;beginp := a + b;dbms_output.put_line(' addition of '||a ||'

and '||b|| ' is '||p);end;

Ouputaddition of 34 and 2 is 36

47


48/83

--22Write a pl\sql program to calculate subtraction of two

numbers.

declare

a number := :a;

b number := :b;p number;

begin

p := a - b;

dbms_output.put_line(' difference of '||a ||' and '||b|| ' is '||p);

end;

Output

difference of 34 and 2 is 32

--23Write a pl\sql program to calculate area of circle.

declare

r number := :r;

p number := 3.14;area number;

begin

area := p*r*r;

dbms_output.put_line(' area of circle of '||r || ' is '||area);

end;

Outputarea of circle of 4 is 50.24

48


49/83

--24Write a pl\sql program to calculate area of rectangle.

declare

l number := :l;

b number := :b;area number;

begin

area := l*b;

dbms_output.put_line(' area of rectangle of '||l ||' and '||b|| ' is '||

area);

end;

Outputarea of rectangle of 6 and 8 is 48

--25Write a pl\sql program to calculate area of square.

declare

side number := :side;

area number;

begin

area := 4*side;

dbms_output.put_line(' area of square of '||side || ' is '||area);

end;

Outputarea of square of 4 is 16

49


50/83

--26Write a pl\sql program to calculate area of triangle.

declare

b number := :b;

h number := :h;area number;

begin

area := 0.5*h*b;

dbms_output.put_line(' area of triangle of '||b||' and ' ||h || ' is '||

area);

end;

Outputarea of triangle of 4.5 and 2 is 4.5

--27Write a pl\sql program to calculate telephone bill

according to the number of calls made.

declare

c number := :c;cr number := :cr;

t number ;

begin

t := c * cr;

dbms_output.put_line(' total charges for calls made are '|| t);

end;

Output

total charges for calls made are 90

50


51/83

--28Write a pl\sql program to find greater number among two.

declare

a number := :a;

b number := :b;begin

if a > b then

dbms_output.put_line('a is greater');

else

dbms_output.put_line('b is greater');

end if;

end;

Outputb is greater

--29Write a pl\sql program to print the following pattern.

--1--2 2

--3 3 3

begin

for i in 1..3 loop

for j in 1..i loop

dbms_output.put(i);end loop inner;

dbms_output.new_line();

end loop outer;

end;

51


52/83

Output122333

Table of emp1

create table emp1 (ename varchar2(20), sal number(5));

insert into emp1 values(:a, :b);

select * from emp1;

OutputENAME SAL

Aman 1250

Bhumi 1500

Sia3150

0

--30write a pl\sql program to print the ename of employee

from table emp1 if salary of the given employee is greater than

3000

declare

name emp.ename %type;

beginselect ename into name from emp1 where sal >3000;

dbms_output.put_line(' name of employee is '|| name);

end;

Outout

52


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name of employee is sia

--31A program to display salary of an employee with specific

empno from the emp table.declare

salary emp.sal%type;

ecode emp.eno%type;

begin

ecode := :ecode;

select sal into salary from emp where eno = ecode;

dbms_output.put_line('salary is'|| salary);

end;

Outputsalary is3200

--32A program to display the use of %rowtype attribute.

declare

employee emp%rowtype;

begin

employee.eno:=115;

employee.ename :='anu';

insert into

emp(eno,ename)values(employee.eno,employee.ename);

dbms_output.put_line('row inserted');

end;

Outputrow inserted

select * from emp;

53


54/83

ENO ENAME SAL DEPT

101 baljeet 2000 10

100 manpreet

5500

0 10

108 amanpreet2630

010

105 kamal8950

220

106 raman7891

020

109 raju4593

030

113 geet 2500 50

114 jeet 2800 10

112 meet 1500 50

111 bhuwan 3200 40

103 muski 2000 30

121 aman 4000 50

115 anu - -

--33Write a pl/sql program to print the information of a

particular employee frim emp table using %rowtype.

declare

employee emp%rowtype;

begin

select * into employee from emp where eno=111;

dbms_output.put_line(employee.ename);dbms_output.put_line(employee.sal);

dbms_output.put_line(employee.dept);

end;

Output

54


55/83

bhuwan320040

55


56/83

--34Write a program to insert a row into table.

begin

insert into emp(eno,ename,sal,dept)values(104,'ansh',1390,70);

dbms_output.put_line('data entered');

end;

Outputdata entered

--35Write a program in pl/sql to check wheather a number is

even or odd if it is not equal to zero otherwise display themessage number is zero.

declare

n integer;

begin

n := :n;

if n0 then

if n mod 2 = 0 then

dbms_output.put_line(n||'is even');else

dbms_output.put_line(n||'is odd');

end if;

else

dbms_output.put_line('number is zero');

end if;

end;

Output5 is odd

56


57/83

--36Write a program in pl/sql to print the grade of students

when % of marks obtained is entered.

--per>=80 - grade A

--80>per>=60 - grade B

--60>per>=45 - grade C--45>per - fail

declare

n number;

begin

--enter percent between 1 and 100

n := :n;

if(n>=1 and n=80) then

dbms_output.put_line('grade A');

elsif(n>=60 and n=45 and n


58/83

--37Write a pl/sql program which executes a loop 3 times using

exit statement.

declare

n number := 0;

beginloop

n := n+1 ;

if(n>3)then

exit;

end if;

dbms_output.put_line('loop executes'||n||'times');

end loop;

end;

Outputloop executes1timesloop executes2timesloop executes3times

--38Write a pl/sql program which executes a loop 3 times using

exit when statement.

declare

n number := 0;

begin

loop

n := n+1 ;exit when n>3 ;

dbms_output.put_line('loop executes'||n||'times');

end loop;

end;

58


59/83

Outputloop executes1timesloop executes2timesloop executes3times

--39Write a pl/sql program to print the series of numbers

starting from the numbers n till 1.

declare

n number :=:n;

beginwhile n>=1 loop

dbms_output.put_line(n);

n :=n-1;

end loop;

end;

Output1098765432

1

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60/83

--40Write a program to print the values n to 1 in the same line.

declare

n number := :n;

begin

for i in reverse 1..n loopdbms_output.put_line(i);

end loop;

dbms_output.new_line;

end;

Output6

54321

--41Write a program in pl/sql to incremant the loop index by 5.

begin

for i in 1..50 loop

if i mod 5=0 then

dbms_output.put_line(i);

end if;

end loop;

end;

60


61/83

Output51015

20253035404550

--42Write a program in pl/sql to show the importance of goto

statement.

begin

dbms_output.put_line('first line');

goto third;

dbms_output.put_line('second line');

dbms_output.put_line('third line');

end;

Outputfirst linethird line

Table of emp22

create table emp22(eno number(5),salnumber(5),commission number(4));insert into emp22 values(:a,:b,:c);

61


62/83

select * from emp22;

ENOSALCOMMISSIONENAME

10 1000

500 aman

20200

01000 mohit

30400

01500 rohit

40500

0- teena

50 6000

- meena

--43Create a user defined exceptions which checks whether the

name of the employee is blank or not during insertion.

declare

ecode emp.eno%type;

name emp.ename%type;

ename_err exception;

begin

ecode :=:ecode;

name :=:name;

if name is null then

raise ename_err;end if;

insert into emp(eno,ename) values (ecode,name);

dbms_output.put_line('data entered');

exception

when ename_err ten

62


63/83

dbms_output.put_line('ename should not be blank');

end;

Output

ename should not be blank--44Program to fetch the department name and location of the

given department number and if department number doesn't

exist then program will raise the user-defined exception.

declare

location dept.loc%type;

name dept.dname%type;

dno dept.dno%type;

deptno_err exception;begin

dno := :dno;

if dno not in (101,102,103,104) then

raise deptno_err;

end if ;

select dname,loc into name, location from dept where dno=dno;

dbms_output.put_line('location =' ||location);

exceptionwhen deptno_err then

dbms_output.put_line('deptno does not exist');

end;

Output

deptno does not exist

63


64/83

--45Program to use pragma exception_init.

declare

child_rec_present exception;

pragma exception_init(child_rec_present,-2292);begin

delete from emp where

eno=102;

dbms_output.put_line('data deleted');

exception

when child_rec_present then dbms_output.put_line('first remove

child records');

end;

Output

first remove child records

--46Program to use raise_application_error.

declarecommission emp.comm%type;

ecode emp.eno%type;

begin

ecode := :ecode;

select comm into commission from emp where eno=ecode;

if commission is null then

raise_application_error(-20991,'no commission');

else

update emp set comm=comm *1.5 where eno=ecode;end if;

exception

when no_data_found then

dbms_output.put_line('empno does not exist');

end;

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65/83

Output

ORA-20991: no commission

--47Program to use sqlcode and sqlerrm in handler clauses.

declare

salary number;

ecode emp.eno%type;

begin

ecode := :ecode;

select sal into salary from emp where eno=ecode;dbms_output.put_line(salary);

exception

when OTHERS then

dbms_output.put_line('error code ='||sqlcode);

dbms_output.put_line('error message ='||sqlerrm);

end;

Outputerror code =100

error message =ORA-01403

no data found

65


66/83

--48Program of exception propogation.

declare

greater_sal exception;

begindeclare

salary number;

e number;

begin

e:= :e;

select sal into salary from emp where eno=e;

if salary>4000 then

raise greater_sal;end if;

dbms_output.put_line(salary);

exception


dbms_output.put_line('eno does not exist');

end;

exception

when greater_sal thendbms_output.put_line('salary for employee greater than 4000');

end;

Output

salary for employee greater than 4000

66


67/83

--49Program to use exceptions raised in declarations.

begin

declare

salary number(5,2) := 1500.50;begin

dbms_output.put_line(salary);

exception

when OTHERS then

dbms_output.put_line('wrong initialization');

end;

exception

when OTHERS thendbms_output.put_line('output block-wrong initialization');

end;

Output

output block-wrong initialization

67


68/83

--50Program to check whether record exist of the given

employee number. if so, then retrieve his salary.

declare

salary number;

beginselect sal into salary from emp where eno= :eno;

if sql%found then

dbms_output.put_line('record is found');

dbms_output.put_line('salary is '|| salary);

end if;

exception


dbms_output.put_line('employee record is not present');end;

output

record is found

salary is 410

--51Program to use sql%notfound attribute to check whether

the record is updated or not?

begin

update emp set sal=sal+100 where eno=:eno;

if sql%notfound then

dbms_output.put_line('record not found');

else

dbms_output.put_line('record is updated');

end if;end;

Output

record not found

68


69/83

--52Program to count the number of records affected

increasing the salaries of employees by 100 in emp table.

begin

update emp set sal= sal+100;

dbms_output.put_line(sql%rowcount || 'rows updated');end;

Output

4rows updated

--53Program to display the information of a given departmentnumber.

declare

cursor emp_data is

select eno,ename,sal from emp where dno= :dno;

ecode emp.eno%type;



beginopen emp_data;

loop

fetch emp_data into ecode,name,salary;

exit when emp_data%notfound;

dbms_output.put_line(ecode || ' ' || name || ' ' || salary);

end loop;

close emp_data;

end;

Output

101 anu 4300

103 mani 6200

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70/83

--54Program to increase the salary of the employees of the emp

table such that manager salary is increased by 10%,clerk's

salary is increased by 8% and 'salesman' salary by 5%?

declare

cursor sal_cursor isselect eno,job from emp;

post emp.job%type;

ecode emp.eno%type;

begin

open sal_cursor;

loop

fetch sal_cursor into ecode,post;

exit when sal_cursor%notfound;if post='manager' then

update emp set sal=sal*1.10 where eno=ecode;elsif post='clerk' then

update emp set sal=sal*1.08 where eno=ecode;

elsif post='salesman' then

update emp set sal=sal*1.05 where eno=ecode;

end if;

end loop;close sal_cursor;

end;

Output

Statement processed.

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71/83

--55Program to determines the top 4 employees with respect

to salaries.

declare

cusor top_cursor is

select ename,sal from emp order by sal desc;slary emp.sal%type;


n number;

begin

open top_cursor;

if top_cursor%isopen then

loop

fetch top_cursor into name,salary;n:=top_cursor%rowcount;

exit when n>4 or top_cursor%notfound;

dbms_output.put_line(n || ' ' || name || ' ' || salary);

end loop;

end if;

close top_cursor;

end;

Output

1 anu 4640

2 mani 6510

3 geet 5170

4 gaurav 5000

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72/83

--56Program to calculate maximum,minimum and average

salary department wise and display the results.

declare

cursor info_cursor isselect dno,max(sal),min(sal),avg(sal) from emp group by dno;

dcode emp.dno%type;

maxsal emp.sal%type;

minsal emp.sal%type;

avgsal emp.sal%type;

begin

open info_cursor;

loopfetch info_cursor into dcode,minsal,maxsal,avgsal;

exit when info_cursor%notfound;

dbms_output.put_line(dcode || ' ' || maxsal || ' ' || minsal || ' ' ||

avgsal);

end loop;

close info_cursor;

end;

Output

30 5000 5000 5000

20 5170 5170 5170

10 4644 6510 5577

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73/83

--57Program to display the department name and location

using the single variable of % rowtype.

declare

cursor dept_cursor is

select * from dept;d_record dept % rowtype;

begin

open dept_cursor;

loop

fetch dept_cursor into d_record;

exit when dept_cursor%notfound;

dbms_output.put_line(d_record.dname || ' ' || d_record.loc);

end loop;close dept_cursor;

end;

Output

purchase jalandher

production chandigarh

73


74/83

--58Program to correct the gender code of all the employees.

declare

cursor g_cursor is

select eno,gender from emp;gender12 emp.gender%type;

ec emp.eno%type;

begin

open g_cursor;

loop

fetch g_cursor into ec,gender12;

exit when g_cursor%notfound;

if gender12 = 'M' thenupdate emp set gender = 'F' where eno = ec;

elsif gender12 = 'F' then

update emp set gender = 'M' where eno = ec;

end if;

end loop;

close g_cursor;

end;

Output

1 row(s) updated.

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75/83

--59Program to print the department number and name of

dept table using cursor for loop?

declare

cursor dept_cursor isselect dno,dname from dept;

begin

for v in dept_cursor loop

dbms_output.put_line(v.dno || ' ' || v.dname);

end loop;

end;

Output102 purchase

103 production

--60Program to pass parameters to cursors.

declare

cursor dept_cursor ( n number) isselect eno,ename from emp where dno=n;


ecode emp.eno%type;

num number;

begin

num := :num;

open dept_cursor(num);

loop

fetch dept_cursor into ecode,name;exit when dept_cursor%notfound;

dbms_output.put_line(ecode || ' ' || name);

end loop;

close dept_cursor;

end;

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76/83

Output

Statement processed.

--61Program to print department name and their

corressponding employee information.Ensure that department

name is not displayed with each record.

declare

cursor dep_cur is

select dno,dname from dept;

cursor emp_cur (dno number) isselect * from emp where dno=dno;

dcode dept.dno%type;

name dept.dname%type;

begin

open dep_cur;

loop

fetch dep_cur into dcode,name;

exit when dep_cur%notfound;dbms_output.put_line(name);

dbms_output.put_line('..........');

for e in emp_cur (dcode) loop

dbms_output.put_line(rpad(e.ename, 10) || ' ' || rpad(e.job, 10)

|| ' ' || e.sal);

end loop;

end loop;

close dep_cur;

end;

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77/83

Output

Purchase

anu clerk 4644geet manager 5170

mani salesman 6510

gaurav supervisor 5000

Production

..........

anu clerk 4644

geet manager 5170mani salesman 6510

gaurav supervisor 5000

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78/83

--62Program to list the top n salaries and the employee

namesto which they corresponds.

declare

cursor sal_cursor isselect distinct sal from emp order by sal desc ;

cursor emp_cursor(s number) is

select ename from emp where sal=s;



n number;

begin

n := :n;open sal_cursor;

loop

fetch sal_cursor into salary;

exit when sal_cursor%rowcount>n or sal_cursor%notfound;

open emp_cursor(salary);

loop

fetch emp_cursor into name;

exit when emp_cursor%notfound;dbms_output.put_line(rpad (name, 10) || ' ' || salary);

end loop;

close emp_cursor;

end loop;

close sal_cursor;

end;

Outputmani 6510

geet 5170

gaurav 5000

anu 4644

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79/83

--63Program to list the records of employee from emp table

within a given range of salaries.

declare

cursor emp_cursor (n1 number, n2 number) is

select ename,sal from emp where sal>=n1 and sal


80/83

Output

Trigger created

insert into emp values (105,'amrit',6700,40,3003,'salesman','M');

Output

1 row(s) inserted.

--65Create a trigger which will be fired on deleting a record

from the dept table.create or replace trigger dept_trig

before delete on dept

for each row

begin

delete from emp where dno = :old.dno;

dbms_output.put_line(sql%rowcount || 'records are deleted from

emp');

end;

Output

Trigger created.

delete from dept where dno =102;

Output

records are deleted from emp

1 row(s) deleted.

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81/83

--66Create a trigger that will automatically generate a primary

key for a table.

create or replace trigger emp_primary

before insert on student

for each rowdeclare

last_val number(4);

new_val number(4);

begin

select nvl(max(rno),0) into last_val from student;

new_val := last_val+1;

:new.rno := new_val;

end;

Output

Trigger created.

insert into student values ('kriti',4,67);

Output

1 row(s) inserted.

--67Create a trigger which updates the salary of an employee

and checks whether the new salary is greater then the old

salary?

create or replace trigger sal_check

before update of sal on emp

for each row

beginif(:new.sal


82/83

Output

Trigger created.

update emp set sal=8000 where eno=102;

Output

1 row(s) updated.

--68Create a trigger that updates the values of the

corressponding rows in the emp table whenever the value of

dno changes in the dept table.create or replace trigger casdcade_upd

after update of dno on dept

for each row

begin

update emp

set emp.dno =:new.dno

where emp.dno =:old.dno;

end;Output

Trigger created.

update dept set dno=105 where dname='production';

Output

1 row(s) updated.

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--69Create a trigger which illustrates the operation performed

by a user on emp table?

create or replace trigger opr_type

before insert or update or delete on empbegin

if inserting then

dbms_output.put_line('insert operation is performed');

elsif updating then

dbms_output.put_line('update operation is performed');

else

dbms_output.put_line('delete operation is performed');

end if;end;

Output

Trigger created.

delete from emp where eno= 102;

Output

delete operation is performed

1 row(s) deleted.

Documents

Oracle Full