Oral and Maxilofacial Surgery

8/18/2019 Oral and Maxilofacial Surgery

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Maxilofacial

Surgery


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Anesthesia (oral,inhalational ,and intravenous sedation)Several methods of anesthesia are available. The method of anesthesia that is

chosen for or by a patient depends upon the nature of the surgicalprocedure and the patient's level of apprehension.

Intravenous Sedation or "twilight sleep" helps you to be comfortable andcalm when undergoing dental procedures. Your treatment can becompleted under intravenous sedation. Intravenous sedation or "IV

sedation !twilight sedation is designed to better enable you to undergo your dental procedures while you are very rela#ed$ it will enable you totolerate as well as not remember those procedures that may be veryuncomfortable for you. IV sedation will essentially help alleviate thean#iety associated with your treatment. You may not always be asleep but you will be comfortable, calm and rela#ed, drifting in and out of sleep % a"twilight sleep.

Surrogate measures of pain suggest that, with the e#ception of nitrous o#ide,inhaled anesthetics do not provide any significant analgesia. They do,however, produce immobility and amnesia. &ther than nitrous o#ide!which increases seletal muscle tone, inhaled anesthetics either do not

affect, or in some cases lower seletal muscle tone


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Dental Implants--A dental implant is anartifcial tooth root that is placed into your jaw to hold

a replacement tooth or bridge (ndosteal !in the bone) This is the most commonly used type of

implant. The various types include screws, cylinders or bladessurgically placed into the *awbone. (ach implant holds one or moreprosthetic teeth. This type of implant is generally used as analternative for patients with bridges or removable dentures.


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Facial Cosmetic Surgery Thans to surgical and dental bacground, oral and ma#illofacial surgeons

!&+Ss are uniuely ualified to perform cosmetic procedures involvingthe functional and aesthetic aspects of the face, mouth, teeth and *aws.(#tensive education and training in surgical procedures involving sin,muscle, bone and cartilage finely attune the oral and ma#illofacial surgeonto the need for harmony between facial appearance and function.


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The ollowing are some othe procedures o OMS:

Cheekbone Implants

Chin Surgery

Ear Surgery

Eyelid Surgery Facelift

Facial and Neck iposuction

Forehead!"ro# ift

ip Enhancement

Nasal $econstruction Skin %reatments

"oto&' Inections

Chemical eel

*ermabrasion


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Facial eormities 1.Microtia 2.Cleft Lip/Cleft Palate

3. Vascular Birthmarks/ Hemangiomas 4.Otoplasty

+.-acial alsy 6.Hemifacial Microsomia


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Facial Injuries

-acial in*uries include in*uries involving the mouth, face and *aw. Theserange from facial cuts and lacerations to more serious problems, such as

broen teeth and facial bones.

In children, most facial in*uries occur during sports or play or are caused byfalls. +inor facial in*uries in young children tend to be less severe thansimilar facial in*uries that occur in older children or adults. Young childrenare less liely to brea a facial bone because they have fat pads that cushiontheir faces and their bones are more fle#ible. /ut young children are moreliely to be bitten in the face by an animal

Causes of facial injuries

Sports or recreational activities, such as ice hockey, basketball,

rugby, soccer, or martial arts. Work-related tasks or proects around the home.

!otor vehicle crashes.

"alls.

"ights.


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Facial Pain

-acial pain is pain felt in any part of the face, including the mouth and eyes. 0lthough it1snormally due to an in*ury or a headache, facial pain may also be the result of a seriousmedical condition. +ost causes of facial pain are harmless.

Facial pain can be due to anything from an infection to nerve damage in the face,Common causes for facial pain include-

an oral infection

an ulcer. or open sore an abscess. such as a collection of pus under the surface tissue in the mouth

a skin abscess. #hich is a collection of pus under the skin

a headache

a facial inury

a toothache


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/a# surgery


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Sleep 0pnea 2aw surgery !also called 3orthognathic surgery

for sleep apnea can consist of a variety ofsurgical designs. The most successfulorthognathic surgery type for severe obstructive

sleep apnea is ma#illomandibular advancementsurgery. The surgery involves creating anosteotomy in the upper and lower *aws and thechin, and advancing the *aws anteriorly.Traditionally, orthognathic surgery is utili4ed in younger patients with a malocclusion % tocorrect an overbite or underbite, for e#ample.


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Tooth e#traction inclundingimpacted teeth and wisdom teeth.

0n impacted tooth is a tooth that gets bloced as it is pushingthrough the gum into your mouth !erupting. 5isdom teeth oftenare impacted.

5isdom teeth usually begin to come in between the ages of 67 and86. 9entists call these teeth third molars. They may becomeimpacted because there's not enough room in your mouth forthem. 0 wisdom tooth also might be trying to come in sideways.

&r, it might be tilted in your *aw !Impacted teeth also can get cavities. 0n impacted tooth can push on

the neighboring molar. This can lead to tooth movement, decayor gum disease. It also can change the way your teeth cometogether. :arely, impacted teeth can cause cysts or other growthsin the *aw.


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Oral and Maxilofacial Surgery