OregonStateUniversity:BrassicaResearchProject– HB2427

CarolMallory-SmithWeedScienceDepartmentofCropandSoilScienceOregonStateUniversity

BoardofAgricultureNovember29,2017

Background� HouseBill2427passedin2013◦ ProhibitedtheproductionofcanolaintheWillametteValleyProtectedDistrict◦ LawineffectuntilJanuary2,2019◦ DirectedOSUtoconductresearchoncanola

Research� FieldMonitoring◦ ComparisonofcompatibilityofcanolawiththegrowingofothercropstothecompatibilityofotherBrassica seedwiththegrowingofothercrops.

� Recommendations◦ Developinformationandrecommendationsregardingwhetherandunderwhatconditions,canolaiscompatiblewithothercrops.

FieldMonitoring

Fieldmonitoring� Monitoredcanola,foragerape,turnipandradishfields◦ diseases◦ insects◦ volunteers– controlandspread

Diseases� Biggestissueidentifiedbutnotspecifictocanola.◦ blackleg◦ lightleafspot– newIDinUS◦ whiteleafspot

� Weedsidentifiedasdiseasehosts.

Insects� Morefleabeetlesinradish� Morepollenbeetlesinradishandturnip

Volunteers� Morevolunteerradishthancanolaandturnip.

� Underseedingofradishfieldsusuallywithclovermadecontrolmoredifficult.

� Didnotobservespreadfromfields.

VolunteersRadish

Canola

Results– FieldMonitoring� Noparametermeasuredwasuniquelydifferentforcanolaversustheotherspeciesmonitoredfordiseases,insectsorvolunteers.

� Theseresultsledtotheconclusionthattheprohibitionoftheproductionofcanolaisunwarrantedwhenothercropsarenot.

� However,cautionagainstextrapolatingresultstoofarbecauseoftimeofstudyandacresmonitored.

Recommendations� Evaluated◦ canolaproductioninotherareas◦ variousisolationschemesusedfortheproductionofBrassica crops◦ Brassica productionintheWillametteValley

ProtectedDistricts� Canolaproductiondistrictsvarybystateandcountry.

� OregonandIdahohaveProtectedDistrictswherecanolaisprohibited.

� Washingtondoesnotprohibitcanolaproductionbutdoesrequirethatitbepinned.

� France,NewZealand,andtheUKdonotprohibittheproductionofcanolaorrestrictitsproductiontocertainareas.

IsolationSchemes� Isolationdistancesaregenerallysetbyconsensuswithintheindustryandarenotthesamefromplacetoplace.

� Oregon,Idaho,NewZealand- pinningBrassica cropsisvoluntary.

� Washington- pinningBrassica cropsrequiredbystatelaw.

� Europe,mappingisrequired;inspectionsensureisolation.

� Pinningsystemsincludingprivate,public,andcombinationsofthetwo.

Mapping� DatafromWillametteValleySpecialtySeedAssociationwererequiredinordertoconstructmapsthatwouldshowareasofBrassica specialtyseedproductionbyspecies.

� Notallspeciesrequirethesameisolationdistancebutnotpossibletodeterminespeciesfromtheimagesthatwereprovided.

� Becausedatawerenotprovided,amaptodetermineareasthatmightbedesignatedcanolaexclusionzonescouldnotbeproduced.

AcreageEstimates� DatafromtheUSDAFarmServiceAgencyandtheNationalAgriculturalStatisticsServicewereusedtoestimatetheacreageofBrassica seedproductionintheWillametteValley.

� ThesedataincludenotonlyBrassica vegetableseeddatabutalsootherBrassica crops.

EstimatedBrassica Acreage

Neithernumberoffieldsnoracreagehasincreasedsince2012.

Year

WVSSABrassicaFields

PredictedBrassicaAcreage

WVSSABrassicaFieldsMinusCanolaFields

WVSSABrassicaAcreageMinusCanolaAcres

2012 225 3,375 - -2013 156 2,340 - -2014 173 2,595 165 2,0952015 175 2,625 166 2,1252016 178 2,670 167 2,1702017 168 2,520 156 2,020

Average 179 2,688 164 2,103

GrassandWheatAcreage

Year

WVWheatAcreage

WVGrassAcreage

Totalgrass/cerealAcreage

2012 88,400 387,270 475,6702013 62,600 391,690 454,2902014 44,800 392,350 437,1502015 37,300 379,190 416,4902016 33,200 372,320 405,520

Average 53,260 384,564 437,824

CanolaProduction� Likelythatcanolawouldbeplantedonacreswhereeitherwheatorgrassseedaregrown.

� Withinthe>400,000acreswherethesecropsaregrown,possibletofindacreagewherecanolacouldbegrownwithoutnegativelyimpactingBrassica specialtyseedproduction.

OptionsConsidered1. Limitingcanolaproductiononaset

numberofacrestobedetermined2. Definingcanolaexclusionzones.3. Allowingunlimitedcanolaproduction.

� RecommendedOption1.� RecommendedthatallBrassica cropsbepinned.◦ Mayrequirelegislation.

Recommendations� Recommendationswerebasedonmonitoringresults,BrassicaproductionintheWillametteValley,andevaluationofothersystems.

� CanolashouldbetreatedasotherBrassicacropsinthepinningsystem.

� NogeneticorbiologicalreasontotreatcanoladifferentlythanotherBrassica crops.

Outcomes� ProvidedareportcontaininginformationandrecommendationstotheLegislativeAssemblyonNovember1,2017.

� OregonDepartmentofAgriculturewillprovidefinalrecommendationbySeptember2018.