Upload
others
View
6
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY: DEVELOPMENTS AND APPLICATIONSTO ENERGY, CLIMATE, ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN HISTORY
0;T'-T.'?lBLIQTHEKANNOVER
DHMISCHE
Forewordxxxii
PART 1. STABLE ISOTOPE BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
Controls on the Carbon Isotopic Composition ofMarine PhytoplanktonE.A. Laws, B.N. Popp, R.R. Bidigare, F. Kenig and S.G. Wakeham 3
Carbon Isotopic Fractionation in Lipid Biosynthesis by Algae and CyanobacteriaR.E. Summons, J.M. Hope, L.M. Dowling, L.L Jahnke, C. Largeau and P. Metzger 6
Recognition of Regional Variations in the Depositional Environment of the Monterey Formation byCompound-Specific Isotope AnalysisS. Schouten, M. Schoell, W.I.C. Rijpstra, J.W. de Leeuw and J.S. Sinninghe Damste 7
"C in Lipids from Marine Particulates
J.M. Hayes, D.J. Hollander, S.G. Wakeham and T. Pease 10
A New Approach to Investigate Sulfur-Rich Macromolecules. Stepwise Chemical DegradationsCombined with IrmGC-MSV. Hauke, J. Hefter, P. Wehrung, P. Albrecht, H.H. Richnow and W. Michaelis 11
Environmental and Physiological Controls on the SnC of Phytoplankton Biomarkers: Sterols andAlkenonesfrom Marine Waters and SedimentsK.H. Freeman, R.D. Pancost, T.R. Filley and S.G. Wakeham 14
Measurement and Assessment of the Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopic Composition of ChlorophyllDerivatives
J.P. Sachs, D.J. Repeta and A. Hilkert16
Use of GC-IRMS to Characterize Thermal Maturity and Origin of Gas and Gasoline in theAquitaine Basin (France)G. Lacrampe-Couloume, J. Connan and Y. Poirier 19
The Distributions and Carbon Isotopic Compositions of Individual Lipids and of Bulk OrganicMatter in Acid Upland Soils
Y. Huang, R. Bol, D. Harkness, P. Ineson and G. Eglinton 23
Carbon Isotopic Distributions of Individual Saturated Long-Chain n-Fatty Acids in Terrestrialand Marine Sediments.
H. Naraoka and R. Ishiwatari 26
Elemental, Isotopic, and Molecular Effects of an Igneous Intrusion on a Cretaceous Coal SeamPA. Meyers and B.R.T. Simoneit
29
Stable Carbon Isotope Composition ofIndividual Compounds in Crude Oils from Turpan Basin,Xinjiang China
Jiajing Yang , Boliang Hu and Qibin Wen 31
Nutrient Cycling in Modern Planktonic Foraminifera as Determined by Bulk and CompoundSpecific Stable Isotopic Analyses oforganisms and their diets
M.E. Utile, S.A. Macko, H.J." Sperb and M.H. Engel 34
A Novel Isotopic Approach to Study Soil Organic Substances
E. Liehtibuse, S. Dou, J. Balesdent, A. Mariotti, F. Behar and M. Vandenbroucke 37
Compound Specific Isotopic Compositions for End Members of Crude Oils and Related Source
Rocks from the Liaohe Basin: Paleoenvironmental ImplicationsMaow'en Li, S. Larter, B. Mei and M. Bjor0y 38
Solubilisation-Diffusion of C, and C2 in Shales: Experimental Determination of Carbon and
Hydrogen Isotope Fractionation *'
E. Pernaton, A. Prinzhofer and F. Schneider 41
Kinetic Isotope Effects During Dipeptide Cyclization: Stable Isotope Composition ofDiketopiperazineM.H. Engel, A. Hua, V. Andrusevich, R. Maynard and S.A. Macko 43
Methane Stable Carbon Isotopic Analysis of Natural Aquatic Systems by irm-GC/MS
F.J. Sansone, B.N. Popp and T.M. Rust.
.''
45
Factors Controlling the "C in Suspended Particulate Organic Carbon from the Amundsen and
Bellingshausen Seas, Antarctica
A.R.McTaggart, J.M. Hayes, J.P. Jasper and S. Sakata 47
The Carbon Isotopic Distribution Pattern of Individual Hydrocarbons in Crude Oils fromDifferent Depositional Environments
Zhao Mengjun and Huang Difan 49
PART 2. PALAEOENVIRONMENT AND SOURCE ROCK OCCURRENCE
Molecular Palaeontological Evidence for Photic Zone Anoxia in Past Depositional EnvironmentsJ.S. Sinninghe Damste, M.P. Koopmans, J. Koster, H.M.E. van Kaam-Peters, F. Kenig, S.
Schoulen and J.W. de Leeuw 55
Biomarker Based Stratigraphic Correlation of Lower Congo Coastal Basin Wells
B. Mycke and R. Burwood 58
Stable Carbon Isotopic Compositions and Distributions of Biomarkers in the Permian
KupferschieferK. Grice, L. Schwark, P. Schaeffer, C.B. Eckardt and J.R. Maxwell 61
Comparative Geochemical Characterization of Gulf of Mexico Oils Derived from Jurassic to
Miocene Source Rocks: A Biological Marker and Isotope ApproachM.R. Mello, L.A.F. Trindadc, S.M.B. de Grande, H.L. de B. Penteado, M. Guzman, N. Holguin,C. Garcia, A.G. Requejo, R. Sassen, T. McDonald, L.E. Navarrele Reyes, P.G. Campos Jorge and
J.O. Lopez Quintero 65
Palaeoenvirotvnental Studies of the Be'eri Sulfur Deposit: Structural and Carbon Isotope AspectsR.Y.P. Burhun, P. Adam, J.M. trendel, P. Albrccht and A. Nisscnbaum 67
Organic Geochemistry and Depositional Environments ofMesozoic Organic-Rich Carbonates
S.E. Palmer, G. K. Khorasani and R.W. Scotl 70
Organic Fades and Maturity of the Jurassic and Paleogene Source Rocks Underlying the West
Carpathians and their Possible Relationship to Oils in the SE Czech RepublicJ. Francii, M. Radke, B. Horsfield, R.G. Schaefer, H. Willsch and F. Leistner 74
Reconstruction of the Depositional Environment of Toarcian Marlstones (Allguu Formation,
Tyrol/Austria) using Biomarkers and Compound Specific Carbon Isotope AnalysesJ. Koster, S. Sehouten, J.S. Sinningue Damste and J.W. de Leeuw 76
Organic Geochemistry of Earlv Dicn>enetic Concretions
K. Kiriakoulakis, }.D. Marshall and G.A. Wolff !<)
Organofucies Distribution in Mid-Cretaceous Black Shales and their I'alcoenvironmental
Significance (Upper Magdalena Valley, Colombia)
U. Mann and R. Stein '. S2
Diversity ofAromatisation Within a Lignite Measure
Cs. Sajgo, M. Hetenyi and A. Brukner-Wcin S4
VI
A Molecular Organic Geochemical Study of Black Shales Associated with Diatomites from theOligocene Menilite Shale (Flysch Carpathians SE Poland)J. Koster, M. Rospondek, A. Zubrzycki, M. Kotarba, J.W. de Leeuw and J.S. Sinninghe Damste 87
Hydrocarbon Source-Rocks in the Paleogene of the Island ofMallorcaF. Melendez-Hevia, A. Permanyer and E. Ramos-Guen-ero 90
Petroleum Systems of the Lower Magdalena Valley Basin, N.W. Colombia
O. Luna Arteaga 94
The Structure of Organic Matter and its Generational Potential in the Sediments of Tiro andKreteus Deep-Sea Depression (Ionian Sea)A.I. Konyukhov and Ju I. Korchagina 96
Organic Matter Characteristics, Depositional Environments and Oil Potential of Typical Fresh-Water Lacustrine Oil Shales in China
Luo Fu Liu and Wang Chunjiang 99
Geochemical Features ofPreCambrian Ancient Source Rocks in the East-European PlatformO.K. Bazhenova and O.A. Arefiev 101
Deposition of Tertiary Oil Shales and Lignites of the Mae Moh Basin, Northern Thailand
M. Le Van, T.A. Abrajano, E. Burden and L. Winsor 104
Novel Series of Bicyclic Alkanes Characterized in Brazilian Coal SamplesM.R.B. Loureiro, A.C. de O. Macedo and J.N. Cardoso 107
Comparative Study of the Effects of Inorganic Diagenesis and Petrophysical Properties on the
Generation and Migration of Oils in Different Type ofSource Rocks. A Multivariate ApproachR. Marfil, A. Permanyer, C. Dorronsoro and J. Llamas 110
Molecular Indicators ofPalaeoenvironmental Change in a Messinian Evaporitic Sequence (Venadel Gesso, Italy)J.S. Sinningue Damste, F. Kenig, F. Gelin, N. Frewin, J.M. Hayes, W.N. Harrison, J.R. Maxwell
and J.W. de Leeuw 113
New and Rare Biomarkers: Saturated CirC4J PolycycloisoprenoidsJ. Poinsot, D. Dessort, P. Adam, J. Connan, G. Lacrampe-Couloume, J.M. Trendel and P. Albrecht
....116
Organic MatterAccumulation in a Thick, Lacustrine, Lower Cretaceous Sedimentary Sequence in
Gabon: Fades and Maturity Variations
R. Littke, H. Wilkes and U. Disko 118
Geochemical considerations in the Spanish Mediterranean: The Tarragona TroughF. de la Cruz 121
Organic Geochemical Investigations of Oligocene Lacustrine Sedimentsfrom the Enspel Oil Shale
Deposit, FRG-Impact of Catastrophic Volcanic Events on a Fossil Lake Environment
L. Schwark, M. Giessen, B. Spitthoff, D. Leythaeuser and M. Wuttke 123
Chemical Structure of the Organic Matter in a Pliocene Maar-Type Oil Shale. ImplicatedBotryococcus races and formation pathwaysS. Derenne, C. Largeau, M. Hetenyi, A. Brukner-Wein and B. Lugardon 126
Kinetic Variability Within the Lagoa Feia Formation, Palaeoenvironmental InfluencesA.L. Soldan, H.D. Rangel, A.C. Silva Telles Jr., S.M.B. de Grande, and G.I. Henz 128
Pyrolvtic and Electron Microscopy Studies of Kerogen in a Microcycle of the Kimmeridge ClayFormation
F. Gelin, M. Boussafir, E. Lallier-Verges, S. Derenne, R Bertrand and C. Largeau 131
Geochemical Characterisation of Source Rocks and their Derived Oils in the Ceard Basin,
Brazilian Equatorial MarginH.L. de B. Penteado, M.R. Mello and L.C.S. Freitas 133
vii
Environmental Conditions During Deposition of Organic-Rich Sediments in the Whitby Mudstone
Formation (Toarcian), EnglandG. Saelen, N. Telnaes and R. Raiswell 224
A Geochemical and Optical Study of the Late Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) Black Band ofHumberside, UKP. Barrett, R.V. Tyson and P. Farrimond 226
Tithonian Oils from the "Sureste" Basin, Mexico: the Fades Variability of their Source Rocks
M.A. Guzman-Vega, M.R. Mello, C. Leon Garcia and N. Holguin Quiiiones 229
Organic Geochemistry of a Marine "Hot Shale" - The Early Ryazanian "Hot Unit" from theDanish North Sea
J.A. Bojesen-Koeford, H.P. Nytoll, K. Dybkajer, J.R. Ineson and L.H. Nielsen 232
Early Diagenetic Protoheme-IX Products from Texas Fairfield LigniteF. Czechowski, R.P. Philp and S. Wolowiec .' 234
Organic Geochemical Characterization of Oil Shalesfrom the Puertollano DepositJ.C. del Rio, J. Garcfa-Molla, F.J. Gonzalez-Vila and F. Martin 237
Biomarker Geochemistry of Upper Palaeozoic Marine Shales from the Laurussian MarginT.L. Leith and M.G. Fowler
'
239
Porphyrins in Upper Jurassic Source Rocks and Correlations with other Source Rock DescriptorsB. Huseby, T. Barth and R. Ocampo 242
Sterol Compositions in Sediments of the Santa Barbara Basin, California: Assessment of their
Potentialfor Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions
K.-U. Hinrichs, J. Rinna and J. Rullkotter 244
First Positive Identification of Triterpenes of the Taraxastane Family in Petroleums and Oil
Shales: 19(X(H)-Taraxastane and 24-nor-I9a(H)-Taraxastane. Evidence for a PreviouslyUnrecognised Diagenetic Alteration Pathway ofLup-20(29)-ene Derivatives
G.M. Perkins, I.D. Bull, H. L. Ten Haven, J.'Rullkotter, Z.E.F. Smith and T.M. Peakman 247
The Central Graben Upper Jurassic Source Rock System: A Sequence Stratigraphic Approach to
Oil Provenance
R. Burwood, B. Mycke, J. Paulet, L. Jacobs and D. Hall 249
Organic Geochemistry ofAntarctic Saline Lakes and FjordsL. Robertson, A.T. Revill, J.K. Volkman and E.L. Sikes 253
Source Rock Quality, Paleoenvironments and Oil-Source. Correlation of Middle Devonian Elk
Point Group, East Central Alberta
M.G. Fowler and L.D. Stasiuk 255
A-ring Contracted Oleananes: Evidence for a Major Pathway in the Diagenesis of TerrigenousTriterpenesZ.E.F. Smith, J.A. Walker, T.M. Peakman and H. L. Ten Haven 258
Molecular Weight Distributions of Olejinic Compounds in Precambrian and Palaeozoic Oils
V.A. Melikhov, H.B. Frolov and M.B. Smirnov 260
Origin of Vanadium in Coals: Parts of the Western Kentucky (USA) No. l) (High Volatile C
Bituminous) Coed Rich in Vanadium
P.I. Pre movie. Lj. S. Jovanovic, M.P. Premovic. M.S. Pavlovic, N.D. Nikolic' and R.S. Nikolic'....
263
Organic Geochemistry of the crude oils from North Cuba Fields
P. Campos, L. Berdie, J.O. Grinialt, J.C). Lope/ and L.H. Navarrele 264
Hydrocarbon composition of the Albion carbonate episode in the Basque-Cantabrian Basin
C. Dorronsoro, J.O. Grinialt, R. Chaler, L.M. Agirre/abala, P.A. Fernancle/-Mendioia, J. Garcfa-
Mondejar, I. Gomez-Perez and M. L6pe/.-I lorgue 267
x
PART 3. MIGRATION AND EXPULSION OF OIL AND GAS
Generation and Expulsion ofPetroleum from Carbonate Source Rocks: Mechanisms, Efficienciesand Geochemical EffectsD. Leythaeuser, R. di Primio, K. Hindenberg and P. Hofmann 273
The Compositional Differences Related to the Material Balance of the Expulsion Dynamics, Solid-Fluid Phase Fractionation in the Source Rock and Liquid-Vapor Phase Fractionation DuringPetroleum MigrationJ.K. Michelsen and G.K. Khorasani 275
Application of Paleomagnetism for Dating Hydrocarbon Migration Events: Case Studies inNorthern Scotland and Southern EnglandR.D. Elmore, G. Bixler, L. E. Plaster-Kirk, V. Andrusevich, J.E. Zumberge and M.H. Engel ...
278
Influence of Thermodynamic Properties of Fluids Generated in Source Rocks on PetroleumMigrationA. Werner, F. Behar, J.C. de Hemptinne and E. Behar 280
Organic Geochemistry of Petroleum-Bearing Fluid Inclusions in Quartz Grains from a
Cretaceous sandstone
S.C. George, P.J. Eadington and P.J. Hamilton 282
The Influence of Migration on Metals in Petroleum
S.D. Olsen, S.R. Larter, K. Dyrstad and G.H. Isaksen 284
Petroleum Secondary Migration-Geochemical Constraints on Migration Efficiency and Effects on
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Distributions
S.R. Larter, Maowen Li, B. Bowler, P. Taylor, Mei Chen, K. Noke and J. Allan 286
Fractionation ofPyrrolic and Phenolic Compounds during Petroleum Migration -A Case Studyfrom a Clastic Petroleum Reservoir in the North Sea
M. Chen, S.R. Larter, G.S. Fetch, B. Bowler and A.C. Aplin 288
The Role ofOrganic Ligands in the Diagenetic Transformation ofPyrite to Magnetite in Organic-Rich Carbonates: Experimental Studies
L. Brothers, M.H. Engel and R.D. Elmore 290
Study of Bitumoids Saturated Hydrocarbons in Relation to Expulsion Processes
T.K. Bajenova 291
Geological and Geochemical Evidence of Leakage from a Gas Reservoir through an ArgilleousCaprockA. Prinzhofer, P. Lopez and J.-L. Oudin 293
Occurrence and Formation of Abnormal Pressure Zone and its Relation to Oil and Gas in the
Eastern Jiuquan Basin, Ganshu Province, ChinaChen Jianping and Huang Difan 296
Maturity Assessment for Organic Matter Derived from the Permian Staj3furt Carbonate (Ca2)Source Rock in Thuringia and Brandenburg, East Germany-Problems Related to Fades Variation
and MigrationL. Schwark, Jian Xia, M. Honold, J. Slach, M. Vliex, D. Leythaeuser and B. Horsfield 299
Metalloporphyrin Content Variations under Oil MigrationT.K. Mo/./helina and O.N. Serebrennikova 302
Change of Geochemical Type of Benzine (C^-CJ Dissolved in Compressed Natural Gas
Z. Ya'kubson '....' 304
Some New concepts for Quantitative Modelling of Natural Gas ExpulsionMingcheng Li 306
xi
Change of Porphyrin Compounds during Contact MetamorphismO.V. Serebrennikova and T.K. Mozzhelina 308
Molecular Transport ofLight Hydrocarbons in Source Rocks: A Comparative StudyT. Papenfuss, B.M. Krooss, D. Hanebeck and D. Leythaeuser 310
Geochemical Effects of Cap-Rock Leakage above Gas Reservoirs-Distribution of Light
Hydrocarbons to Monitor Diffusive Losses
J. Konstanty, L. Schwark and D. Leythaeuser 313
PART 4. RESERVOIR AND PRODUCTION GEOCHEMISTRY
Controls on the Occurrence of Low Molecular Weight Alkylphenols in Petroleum
P.N. Taylor, S.R. Larter and D.M. Jones 319
Compositional Changes of Crude Oils Upon Anaerobic Degradation by Sulphate-ReducingBacteria
H. Wilkes, H. Willsch, R. Rabus, F. Aeckersberg, P. Rueter and F. Widdel 321
The Relationship between Adsorbed Organic Compounds, Exposure Conditions and Wettability in
Porous Rock/Crude Oil/Brine Systems
T. Barth, E. Norheim, A. Graue and E. Tonheim 324
Migration-Induced Compositional Changes in Oils/Condensates of a Single FieldsJ.A. Curiale and B.W. Bromley 327
Application of Reservoir Geochemistry in Oman
P.J.R. Nederlof, F.M. van der Veen and G.A. van den Bos 329
Dai Hung Oil Field, Offshore Southeast Vietnam: A Case History of Reservoir Heterogeneity and
Mixed FillingH.L. Ten Haven and J. Preston 332
The Study of Oil Biodegradation by Formation Microflora from West Siberia Oil Fields
L.K. Altunina, L.I. Svarovskaya, Z.A. Rozhenkova and A.K. Golovko 335
The Variations of Oil Characteristics in Reservoirs As a Result of Fluid Dynamic Processes
T. Korncva and I. Korneva 337
Sequential Extraction - A Useful Tool for Reservoir Geochemistry?A. Wilhelms, I. Horstad and D. Karlsen
"
338
Assessing the Possible Role of CO, and Acetic Acid in Diagenetic Reactions through Numerical
Experiments Using the DIAPRED Computer CodeH. Johansen 341
Reservoir Geochemistry in the Pato Field, Eastern Venezuela Basin
A.F. Callcj6n Gimenez 343
Oil Features in Reservoirs in Western Desert, EgyptA. Permanyer, R. Marfil, C. Rossi, C. Dorronsoro and A. Lahcini 344
Assessing the Role of Partition Behaviour of Alkylated Phenols in Oil and Water: Potential
Applications to Quantifying Subsurface Processes
B. Bennett and S.R. Larter'
348
Application of n-Alkane and Bulk Isotope Composition to Reservoir Characterisation
S.A. Baylis 351
Reservoir Geochemical Study of Kittiwuke Field, UK North Sea
D. Brincat, S.R. Larter, A.C. Aplmi D. Simons and M. Kohnen 353
xn
High Molecular Weight Hydrocarbons and the Precipitation ofPetroleum Derived WaxesA.N. Bishop, R.P. Philp, J. Allen and T.E. Ruble 356
Determining Oil-Water and Gas-Water Contactsfrom Simple Geochemical MethodsR.L. Patience, G. van Graas, K. Knudsen, E. Berge, A.B. Fl0tre, A.E. Gilje, A. Due, K. SkadsemEikelmann and P. Nadeau 358
Adsorption of Polar Oil Compounds on RockY.V. Savinykh and R.A. Manakova 360
Factor Controlling the Compositional Heterogeneity of Light Hydrocarbons in PetroleumReservoirs
A.Y. Hue, B. Carpentier, J.P. Courcy, J.P. Durand, I. Kowalewski, E. Lafargue, C. Magnier and P.Ungerer 362
Meteoric Water Infiltration Based on Hydrogeochemical Data: an Example from Campos Basin,BrazilC.V.M. Rodrigues and S.L. Nogueira de Azevedo 364
Predicting Oil Quality from Sidewall Cores Using PFID, TEC, andMR Analytical Techniques inSandstone Reservoirs, Rio del Rey Basin, Cameroon
W.O. BeMent, R.L McNeil and R.G. Lippincott 366
Reservoir Geochemistry: Applications and Case Studies in NigeriaP. Sundaraman, B.A. Patterson and O.T. Udo 369
Effect of Water-Washing on Light Ends Compositional HeterogeneityE. Lafargue and P. Le Thiez 372
Oil and Reservoir Core Extracts Compositional Variations in Hydrocarbon Fields of CentralTunisiaE. Lafargue and R. Ghenima 374
The Use ofAcids as Markers of Biodegradation and Water WashingY.V. Savinykh and I.V. Prozorova 377
The effect of Biodegradation on Maturation Parameters of Oils from the Southeastern Part of thePannonian Basin (Yugoslavia)B. Jovancicevic, L.J. Tasic, P. Polic", M. Saban and D. Vitorovic 378
Examples and New Applications in Applying Organic Geochemistryfor Detection and QualitativeAssessment ofOverlooked Petroleum Reservoirs
D.M. Jarvie, J.T Senftle, W.B. Hughes, L. Dzou, J.J. Emme and R.J. Elsinger 380
Adsorption of Polar Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Synthetic Calcite
L. Madsen, C. Gr0n, L. Grahl-Madsen, I. Lind and J. Engell 383
Reservoir Geochemistry Applied to the Development ofthe Penal-Barrackpore Oilfield, Trinidad,West Indies
K. Rodrigues, B.A. Patterson and C.Y. Lee 385
Detection, Distribution and Origin of Thin Tar Mats in the Miller Field (North Sea-U.K.)B. Carpentier, A.Y. Hue, P. Hamou and A. Wilhelms 388
Alteration of Oils in Reservoirs from the Frolov, Khanti-Mansiy, Yamal and Gydan Areas, Western
Siberia
K.A. Bakken, P.B. Hall, A. Rovenskaya, N. Nemchenko and M. Bjor0y 391
Reservoir Geochemistry of South Pass 61 Field, Gulf of Mexico: Compositional Heterogeneities
Reflecting Filling History and BiodegradationA.' Holba, L. Dzou, J. Hickey, J. May and T. Lenney 394
xiii
The Organic Geochemistry ofNorth Sea Oil Field Production Waters
J.D. Dale, S.R. Larter, A.C. Aplin and G.M. MacLeod 396
Reservoir Fluid Geochemistry ofYacheng Field, People's Republic of ChinaL.I.P. Dzou, R. Bone and K. Haaland
'
399
PART 5. PETROLEUM GEOCHEMISTRY (IMPACT OF ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY
ON PETROLEUM EXPLORATION)
The Interpretation and Significance ofExtended Hopane Distributions (d, to C,J in Source Rocks
and Oils
A.N. Bishop, P. Farrimond, H. Innes and N. Mills 405
The Diamondoid Hydrocarbon Ratios: Novel Maturity Indices for Over-Mature Crude Oils
Junhong Chen, Jiamo Fu, Guoying Sheng, Dehan Liu and Jianjun Zhang 407
Predicting the Generation of Heavy Oils in Carbonate/Evaporitic Environments Using PyrolysisMethods
R. di Primio and B. Horsfield 410
A Future for Exploration Geochemistry
R.G. Milier"
412
High Molecular Weight Polycvclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Hydrothermal Petroleums
B.R.T. Simoneit and J.C. Fetzcr *.'
414
Correlation ofBiomarkers with Geologic AgeJ.M. Moldowan, J. Dahl, F.J. Fago, R. Shetty, D.S. Watt, S.R. Jacobson, B.J. Hui/inga, M.A.
McCaffrey and R.E. Summons 418
Maturity Assessment of "Immature Oils" Produced from the Shahejie Formation of the Liaohe
Basin, N.E. China
Maowen Li, S. Larter, Bowen Mei and Tiesheng Wu 421
Maturity Determination with the Aid of Chemometrics
J.C. Kleingeld, M.E.L. Kohnen and D.C. Esveld 424
Contribution to the Organic Petrology of Me.soz.oic Outcrops in Southern Alps and
Palaeogeographically Adjacent Areas
E. Balazs, Zs. Galicz and'l. Koncz 426
Kinetics of Some Tasmanacean-Rich KerogensA.L. Soldan, F.T.T. Goncalves, C.V. Araiijo, M.L. Martins, S.M.C. Mcnezes, F.R. Aquino Nolo and
B.R.T. Simoneit .' 429
Source Rock Characterization of the Spekk Formation, Iloltenbanken (Offshore Mid-Norway)J. Johannesen, R.L. Patience and M. Talbot 431
Potential Usefulness of'Alkylbenzenes and Alkylnaphthalenes as Composition Parameters for Oil-
Oil Correlation
Y.V. Kor/hov, N.A. Krasnojarova and A.K. Golovko 433
Petroleum Potential of Devonian Black Shales in Southwestern Ontario, Canada
M. Oberniajer, M.G. Fowler, F. Goodar/i and L.R. Snowdon 435
Noiwonventional Oil Accumulations: The Role of Early Generation and Igneous Intrusions
J.C. Ferreira and J.R. Cerqucira -H8
Isoprenoid Monocyclic Alkuncs in Oils from Zhimovsk OilfieldA.J. Kuklinsky
'
440
xiv
Anomalous Oils and Gases in the Az.ua Basin, Dominican Republic: Evidence for a PetroleumSystem Driven by Inorganic C02.C.C. Walters, M.A. Rooney and J.S. Hornafius 442
Petroleum Geochemistry of the Amazonas Basin, Brazil: Oil-Source Correlation and AssessmentofHydrocarbon Generation and ExpulsionF.T.T. Goncalves, F.G. Gonzaga, L.F.C. Coutinho and J.A. Trigiiis 442
Hydrocarbon Habitat of the Rio del Rey Basin, Offshore CameroonW.O. BeMcnt, R.M. Coughlin and W.V. Maloney 446
A Novel Kinetic Method to Estimate Hydrocarbon Evolution from KerogenLi Shuyuan and Qian Jialin 448
Biological Marker Evolution During Early Diagenesis of an Eocene Brown Coal from Yunnan,China: Molecular and Isotopic EvidenceJunhong Chen, Jiamo Fu and Guoying Sheng 451
Prospecting for Light-Medium Gravity Crude Oils in the Heavy Oil belt ofEastern Alberta. TheLower Mannville Petroleum System, Provost Area, Alberta, CanadaC.L. Riediger, L.R. Snowdon, M.G. Fowler, R.W. MacDonald and M. Sherwin 454
Organic Geochemical Characterization of Some Oils from the Lower Kara Depression, SouthCaspian Basin, AzerbaijanS. Inan, M.N. Yalcin, I. Guliyev, A.A. Feizullayev, 6. Ozarslan 456
Straightforward Determination ofMaximum Paleotemperatures ofBurial (MPTB) ofSedimentaryRocksfrom Pyrolysis Data on the Associated Organic MatterJ.R. Disnar 459
Genetic Relationship Between the Oil of the Ayoluengo Field and the Liassic Source-Rock of theSouthwestern Basque-Cantabrian Basin (Northern Spain)S. Quesada, C. Dononsoro and S. Robles 461
Organic Geochemistry, Distribution and Depositional Dynamics of the Liassic Organic Fades ofthe Basque-Cantabrian Basin (Northern Spain)S. Quesada and S. Robles 464
Interrelationships Between Famm, Vitrinite Reflectante and Rock-Eval Results on IndonesianTertiary CoalsS.C. Teerman, M.V. Ellacotl, J.R. Wilmshurst and R.W.T. Wilkins 466
Geochemical Studies on Sinian to Triassic Age Marine Carbonate Organic Matter in GuizhouProvince, PR. China
Zhang Shuichang and Huang Ruchang 468
Oil Families and Forming Phases of Main Reservoirs of the Tarim Basin
Zhang Shuichang, Liang Digang, Xu Zhiming, Dong Bin and Deng Pan 471
Coal-derived Petroleum in the Middle Jurassic Bryne Formation in the Danish North Sea - A New
Type of PlayH.I. Petersen, LA. Bojesen-Koefoed and E. Thomsen 473
Unusual Petroleum Systems in the Dangyang-Jiangling Area, Jianghan Basin, ChinaK.E. Peters, A. E. Cunningham, C.C. Walters, Jiang Jigang and Fan Zhaoan 475
Study on the Thermal Evolution Degree of Source Rocks Developed in Early Palaeozoic or Older
Eras
Wang Zhaoyun and Cheng Kerning 478
Thermal Degradation of5a (H)-Cholestane During Hydrous Pyrolysis: a Laboratoiy MechanismG.D. Abbott and B. Bennett 480
XV
Formation of Long-Chain Alkylnaphthalenes in Sediments Via Alkylstyrene Precursors
L. Ellis, R.K. Singh, R. Alexander and R.I. Kagi '..
.' 483
The Origin of the Crude Oils in the Northern Alpine/Carpathian Foreland
H. Wehner and K. Kuckelkorn 488
Characteristics and Formation of Coal-Generated Oils and Gases in the Turpan Basin,
Northwestern China
Su Aiguo and Cheng Kerning 491
Application of Infrared Spectroscopy to the Classification of Kerogen Types and Evaluation ofMiocene Source Rocks in the South-Central and Southern Parts of the GulfofSuez. Region, EgyptEsam A. Abd El-Gawad '. '. .' 493
Oil Families in the Grand Banks ofNewfoundland, Offshore Eastern Canada
M.G. Fowler, T.A. Abrajano, K.D.' McAlpine and M.A. Williamson 497
Multiple Origins of Petroleum in the Viking Graben
H.M. Chung, G.E.' Claypool and C.C. Walters 500
Formation ofDifferent Oil Types in the Timan-Pechora Basin
T.A. Kirjukhina and V.V. Maltsev 504
The Temperature of Oil Generation as Defined with C7 Chemistry Maturity Parameter (2,4-DMP/2J-DMP RATIO)W.O. BeMent, R.A. Levey and F.D. Mango 505
n-Alkene/n-Alkane Distributions in Russian Precambrian and Palaeozoic Oils
E.B. Frolov, V.A. Melikhov and M.B. Smimov 507
The Interrelationship ofHopanes and Hopanoic Acids During Contact MetamorphismB. Bennett and G.D. Abbott 510
Parana Basin-Brazil: A Huge Pyrolyser. Comparison between Molecular Distributions in
Pyrolysed Samples and Source Rocks Affected by Igneous Intrusions
J.A. Trigliis, L.M. Araujo, C.V. Araujo and P. Philp 512
Contribution to the Reconstilution of the Thermal History of Sedimentary Series of the Ardeche
Margin: Study of the Clay and Organic Matter Evolution in Balazuc and Morte Merle Sites (France)L. Martinez, L Suarez-Ruiz, J. Duplay, F. Weber, J.R. Disnar, B. Romand, Ph. Larque, G. Farjaneland N. Liewig 515
Origin of Kerogen in the Nahal Heitnar Tar Sand (Dead Sea Basin, Israel)P.I. Premovic, Lj.S. Jovanovic, S.B. Zlatkovic, D.R. Zdravkovic and M.P. Premovic 517
A New Approach to Kinetic Study of Single Components Degraded from Coal Macerals
Q.H. Lu, J.Q. Wang, S.Y. Li, K.Z. Qin and J.L. Qian'
518
The Source/Oil Correlation by the Carbon Isotopic Geochemistry in Pulaeozoic in Turin] Basin
Zhao Mengjun and Huang Difan 520
Carbon Isotope Ratios of Light Hydrocarbons as Indicators ofl'hennochemical Sulfate Reduction
M.A. Rooney 523
Papery Mudstones from Upper Cretaceous Kanguk Formation as- Indicative of Anoxic environ¬
ments, Canadian Arctic ArchipelagoL.K. Niine/.-Betelu, C.L. Ricdiger and L.V. Hills 526
Rock-Eval/TOC Pyrolysis Analysis of the Upper Cretaceous Kanguk Formation, Canadian Arctic
ArchipelagoL.K. Nuncz-Betelu. C.L. Ricdiger and L.V. Hills 528
xvi
Hydrous Pyrolysis of Upper Farsund Formation (Volgian-Ryazanian) "Hot Shales" from theSouthern Central Trough, German North Sea SectorJ.A. Bojesen-Koefoed, H.P. Nytoft and M. A. Dejkam 530
Relationship between Maceral Composition, Kerogen Classification and Kinetic ParametersB.J. Schmidt .' 532
A Study of Hydrocarbon Release and Coalification of the Morwell Pale-Lithotype Over a
Temperature ProfileChunqing Jiang and R.B. Johns 535
Thermal Stability ofAsphaltene Vanadyl PorphyrinsP.I. Premovic", Lj.S. Jovanovic and S.B. Zlatkovic' 537
Biodegradation and Maturity Influences ofn-alkane Isotopic Profiles in Terrigenous SequencesC.J. Boreham, L.M. Dowling and A.P. Murray 539
A C30 ISoc-neohopane and its Application to Basin AnalysisB.H. Michaelsen and D.M. McKirdy 542
The Upper Jurassic HC Generative System of Mexican BasinsN. Holguin, E. Serrano, F. Galindo, A. Romero, A. Sosa, G. Martinez, R. Roman and M. Guzman
....544
Novel Extended Side-Chain-unsaturated Hopenes: Intermediates in the Diagenesis of HopanoidQu Dingchuang, Shi Jiyang and Xiang Mingju 548
Oil-Source Rock Characterization in a Yemen Jurassic Basin: Maturity-depth profiles by a mole¬cular approachA. Noyau and T. de Cizancourt 551
Evaluation of Possible Source Rocks in Faghur-Siwa Basin Western Desert, EgyptE.A. Abd El-Gawad, R.P. Philp and M.Y. Zein El-Din 554
Dinosterane and C!(, Sterane in Terrestrial Deposit and Crude Oils
Hou Dujie and Wang Tieguan 558
Overpressure: Effect on Petroleum Generation
G.K. Khorasani and J.K. Michelsen 560
Molecular Geochemistry of Oil-generating Coalsfrom Turpan Basin, China
S. George, N. Sherwood, Yongda Gu, P. Grenwood, Kerning Cheng and Changyi Zhao 563
Application of Principal Component Analysis to Study Metalloporphyrin Compositions and to
Detect Different Crude Oils
V.M. Serebrennikov, T.K. Mozzhelina and O.V. Serebrennikova 566
Features of the Distribution of Alkylated Triaromatic Hydrocarbons in West Siberia Oils fromDeposits ofDifferent AgesA.K. Golovko and V.M. Serebrennikov 568
Evidences for the Implication of Water in the Maturation Process of Organic Matter
R. Michels, L. Mansuy, M. Elie, L. Gerard-Zaugg, M. Monthioux and P. Landais 570
PART 6. ENVIRONMENTAL ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY
The use of high mountain lake sedimentary records for the study of European Environmental
ChangeR. Vilanova, P. Fernandez, J.O. Grimalt, P. Appleby, N. Rose and R.W. Battarbee 575
Organic Pollutants Associated with Macromolecular Soil Organic Matter. Modes of BindingH.H. Richnow, R. Seifert and W. Michaeli.s 577
Structural Characterisation of Saturated Through Heptaunsaturated C„ Highly Branched
lsoprenoidsS.J. Rowland, S.T. Belt, D.A. Cooke, S.J. Hird, S. Neeley and J - M. Robert 580
Historic Record of Alkylbenzenesulfonates in Recent Lake Sediments: Input Changes and
Postburial Fate of Detergent-Derived Chemicals
R. Reiser, H. Toljander and W. Giger 583
Molecular Indicators for the Oxidation of Crude Oils Under Natural Conditions.
S. Lemoine, P. Adam, J. Connan and P. Albrecht 586
Hydrocarbons in Sediments Adjacent to an Off-Shore Gas Production Platform in North-WesternAustralia
S.J. Fisher, R. Alexander and R.L Kagi 588
Isotopic Characterization of Marine Biogenic Hydrocarbons in Sediments and Biota ofNewfoundland Coastal (N.W. Atlantic) Waters
T. Bieger, T.A. Abrajano and J. Hellou 591
Identification of Various Organics in Thermal Waters in the Pannonian Basin. Preliminary Reportson PAH
Z. Karpfili, Cs. Sajgo, I. Veto, G. Klopp and I. Horv&h 594
An Organic Geochemical Study of Organic Lake, Antarctica
J.H. Rogerson and R.B. Johns' .' 597
Direct Determination of Isomeric Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil and Sediment
Samples by Shpol'skii Spectroscopy with Lamp and Laser Excitation.I.S. Kozin, C. Gooijer and N.H. Velthorst 600
Depth Distribution of Chemicals in Compacted Soil Layers from within a Waste Disposal Site
F.J. Gonzalez-Vila, J.M. Bautista, J.C. del Rio and F. Martin 602
Source Identification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from the International
Segment of the St. Lawrence River
A. Stark, T.A. Abrajano Jr., J. Hellou, V.P. O'Malley and J. Smith 606
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Composition and Potential Sources for Sediment Samples fromthe Beaufort and Barents Seas
M.B. Yunker, L.R. Snowdon, R.W. MacDonald, J.N. Smith, M.G. Fowler, D.N. Skibo and F.A.
McLaughilin 610
Urban and Rural Organic Marine Aerosols in the Eastern Mediterranean Coastal Environment:
Components Source Reconciliation by Using Organic Geochemical
E.G. Stephanou, A. Gogou and N. Straligakis 613
Differentiation of Contamination Sources in Recent Sediments Through PA/I Distributions: An
Overview
H. Budzinski, C. Raoux, P. Baumard, J. Bcllocq and P. Garrigucs 616
Distribution of PALI in Riverine Waters During Mediterranean Forest Fires
T.G. Ribalta, J.M. Mollet, J.O. Grimalt and F.X.C. dc las Heras 619
The Effect of Unresolved Complex Mixtures of Hydrocarbons on the Feeding Rale of the Mussel,
Mylilus edulis. A low MW model L/CM component, 4-propyloctane. 4-POK.J. Wraige, P. Donkin and S.J. Rowland 621
Interaction between Metabolites of the Urea Herbicide Melhuhenzthiazuron and 11ionic Acids
E.G. Wittc, H. Philipp, H.J. Schenk and K. Schwochau 624
Aerobic Biodegradation ofAlkylated aromatic hydrocarbons
H. Bud/inski, P. Baumard, L. Rivet, D. Lacotte, G, Mille, M. Acquaviva, J.C. Bertraiul anil I*.
Garrigucs 627
XVIII
Volatile Organic Contaminants in a Domestic Groundwater Resource in Perth, Western Australia
A. Heitz, R. Alexander and R.L Kagi 631
Formation of Dimethyltrisulfide in Treated Groundwater
A. Heitz, J.E. Wajon, R. Alexander and R.L Kagi 634
Hydrocarbons and Carotenoids from a Deep-Water Depression of the Mediterranean
V.N. Burkova, E.A. Kurakolova, N.S. Vorobyeva and M.L. Kondakova 636
Occurrence of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and their Derivatives in Sewage Sludges in
Upper Silesia (Poland)D. Bodzek, M. Bodzek and B. Janoszka 639
Atmospheric Methane Flux From U.S. and Polish Coals
J.L. Clayton, J.S. Leventhal, D.D. Rice, M. Kotarba and A. Korus 641
Transport ofBiomass Burning Products through Compound Specific Stable Isotope AnalysisD.C. Ballentine, S.A. Macko, V.C. Turekian, W.P. Gilhooly and B. Martincigh 644
Transformation ofPolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Air of Upper Silesia. Determination
ofPAHs and their Oxygen and Nitrogen Derivatives
D. Bodzek, L. Warzecha, K. Luks-Betlej and K. Tyrpien 646
Environmental Geochemistry ofHydrocarbon Biomarkers in Surficial Sedimentsfrom the Coastal
Region of EgyptT.A.T. Aboul-Kassim and B.R.T. Simoneit 649
An Investigation of Amino Acids As Possible Indicators of the Degradation State of LandfilledMunicipal Solid Waste
A.J. Revans, C.J. Trier, J. Braven and S.J. Rowland 653
Triglyceride Degradation in Soil
C. Hita, E. Parlanti, P. Jambu and A. Ambles 655
Organic Tracers in Aerosolsfrom Biomass Combustion
B.R.T. Simoneit, M. Radzi bin Abas, G.R. Cass, W.F. Rogge, M.A. Mazurek, L.J. Standley and
L.M. Hildemann 658
Applications of Stable Nitrogen Isotopes for Studying Atmospheric Deposition Impact in Coastal
and Open Ocean Environments
C. Aguilar, M.L. Fogel and HW. Paerl 662
Organic Matter, Sulfate Reduction, and Methanogenesis in Deep-Sea Sediments: Ocean Drilling
Program Sites 897, 898, 899 and 900, Iberia Abyssal Plain
P.A. Meyers, J.E. Silliman and T.J. Shaw 664
GC/MS Identification of Biomarkers in Road Asphalts and their Parent Crude Oils. Relationshipbetween Crude Oil Maturity and Asphalt Reactivity Towards WeatheringN. Pieri, F. Jacquot, G. Mille, J.P. Planche and J. Kister 666
Assessment of Various Source Lipids in the Kara Sea Sediments
A.N. Belyaeva, L.A.S. Madureira and G. Eglinton 670
The Origin ofBitumen Strandingsfrom the Ningaloo Marine Park, North Western Australia
T.J. Carrie, R. Alexander and R.I. Kagi 673
Fluorescent Whitening Agents in Contemporary Lake Sediments: Input Changes of Detergent-
Derived Chemicals
T. Poiger, A. Kampioti, J.-M. Stoll and W. Giger 675
Fatty Acids in Digested Sewage Sludges: Origin and Anaerobic TransformationC. Schaffner, H.-P. E. Kohler and W. Giger 678
xix
Biomarker Assessment of Natural and Pollutant Sources of Organic Matter in Port Phillip Bay,Australia
T. O'Leary, R. Leeming, P.D. Nichols and J.K. Volkman 680
An Integrated Method for the Determination of Chemical And Biological Parameters in AbyssalSediments from the North Atlantic Ocean-Initial Results
D. Boardman, D. Eardly, J. Patching, T. Ferrero, J. Lanbshead and G.A. Wolff 682
Biodegradation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons Under Anoxic Conditions in a Shallow Sand and
Gravel Aquifer of the Lower Rhine Valley, GermanyR. Schmitt, H.-R". Langguth and W. Piittmann 685
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Sediments and PolychaetaL. Canton, M. Vaquero and J.O. Grimalt 688
Molecular Evidence for Anaerobic Micro-Environments in Rain Forest Soils
R. Jaffe and T. Elisme 690
Impact of Brown Coal Emissions on a Soil and its Size fractions - Chemical and SpectroscopicStudies
M.W.I. Schmidt, H. Knicker, P.G. Hatcher and I. Kogel-Knabner 692
PART 7. ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND PALAEONTOLOGICAL ORGANIC GEOCHE¬MISTRY
Simulating the Degradation ofAnimal Fats in Archaeological CeramicsR.P. Evershed and S. Charters 697
Geochemical Study of Neolithic "Bitumen" - Coated Objects of the Nahal Hemar Cave in the
Dead Sea Area
J. Connan, A. Nissenbaum and D. Dessort 699
"Intracrvstalline" Organic Matter in Biominerals
M.J. Collins, B. Stern, G. D. Abbott, D. Walton, M.S. Riley, T. von Wallmenich, N. M. Savage,H.A. Armstrong and P. Westbroek 702
Diterpenoid Biomarkers Preserved in Taxodium Rich Oligocene Oxbow Lake Clays, Weisselster
Basin, Germany
A. Otto, H. Wa'lther and W. Piittmann 706
Archaeometric Study ofBituminous Artefacts ofSusa (Iran)J. Connan and O. Deschesne 708
Seasonal Variations Observed in Compound Distributions and Isotopic Compositions (S"C) ofcontemporary and Fossil Leaves
M.J. Lockheart, P.F. van Bergen and R.P. Evershed 712
Organic Geochemistry of Archaeological Soils and the Detection of Human Occupation and
Agricultural Practices
I.D. Bull, P.F. van Bergen, P.P. Belancourt, l.A. Simpson and R.P. Evershed 714
Lipids in Ancient Bones: A new Source of Palaeodietary and Palaeoenvironmental InformationA.W. Stolt, R.P. Evershed and N. Tuross
'
.' 717
Comparing the Survival of the Bone Proteins Osteocalcin and CollagenM.J. Collins, A.M. Child,'M.S. Riley and C. Vcrmeer 719
Aminochronology of the lower Pleistocene deposits ofVenta Miccnu (Orce, Granada, Andalousie,
Spain)T. Torres, J. Llamas, L. Canoira, P. Garcia-Alonso, A. Garefa-Cortes and II. Mansilla 722
Amino Acid Racemization and Bone
A.M. Child 724
xx
PART 8. ANALYTICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY
Thermal Maturity Assessments with Application ofTrainable Expert System TechnologyG.H. Isaksen and Ch.S. Kim 729
Compound Specific Radiocarbon Analysis (CSRA): A New Vista in Organic GeochemistryT. Eglinton, J. Bauer, A.P. McNichol and E.R.M. Druffel 732
Quantitative CrCn+ Extraction of Hydrocarbons Trapped as Fluid Inclusions; ImprovedPossibilitiesfor Isotope Determinations and PVT ModelingJ. Kihle, B. Andresen and LA. Munz 736
Dihydro-ar-Curcumene Enantiomers in Sediments and Crude OilR. Alexander, T.P. Bastow and R.L Kagi 739
Benthic Fluxes of Organic Compounds by Time-Resolved SpectrofluorometryR.F. Chen, D.B. Chadwick and S.H. Lieberman 742
Coupling ofPyrolysis and Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry: A New Approach to Correlation ofSource Rock and Petroleum Products
G. Hansen, M. 0stbye-Hansen, R.P. Moe, M. Bjor0y and J. Connan 746
Quantitative GC/MS Analysis ofAromatic Fractions of Crude Oils and Source Rock ExtractsD. Dessort and J. Connan 749
A New North Sea Oil Based Standardfor latroscan AnalysisS. Bharati, R. Patience, N. Mills and N. Telnaes 753
Quantitative Geochemical Analysis of Petroleum Fluid Inclusions. Problems and Developments.M.A. Bigge, G.S. Petch, G. Macleod, S.R. Larter and A.C. Aplin 757
Translucency- A Parameterfor Organic Maturity AssessmentM. Rahman, R.R.F. Kinghom 760
The Pyrolysis Yield Index: A Rapid and Reproducible Technique for Estimating The Oil
Generation Potential of Coals and Terrestrial KerogensD.J. Curry 763
An Alternative Sequential Extraction System for Whole Core Plug Treatment in a Solvent Flow
Through Cell: -Application Towards Extraction from an Intact Pore-System in SecondaryMigration Studies
L. Schwark, D. Stoddart, C. Keuser, B. Spitthoff and D. Leythaeuser 766
A Study ofPetroleum Alkylcarbazoles Using 'H NMR SpectroscopyM.B. Smirnov and E.B. Frolov 769
ROCKSIX: A New Generation of the Rock-Eval PyrolyzerF. Marquis, J. Espitalie, M. Menier, D. Pillot, L. Joubert and R. Antonas 772
Automated Processing ofGC-MS Data by a Repetitive Backfolding of the First DifferentialW.G. Pool, J.W. de Leeuw and B. van de Graaf 775
A Method for High Resolution GPC of Fossil Proteins: A Tool for Measuring Protein
FragmentationG.A. Sykes and RE. Hare 778
Influence of Extraction Mode on Organic Geochemical Parameters of Bituminous Coals from the
Saar and Ruhr Region, GermanyG.K.E. Gotz and M. Wolf 780
IR Maturation Path Diagram ofKerogen Macerals by Heating ExperimentsM. Akiyama, C. Takemura and K. Sawada 783
xxi
Biogeochemical Response of the Northwest Africa Upwelling System to the Late QuaternaryClimatic Changes: 2-Glacial/Interglacial Molecular Records
M.-A. Sicre, Y. Ternois, A. Boireau, I. Bouloubassi, H. Budzinski, M. Paterne and P. Bertrand.
878
Nitrogen Isotope Ratios in Sedimentary Organic Matter as a proxy for Nutrient Utilization and
PalaeoproductivityS.E. Calvert, C. Balurin-Pollock, J.W. Farrell, R.S. Ganeshram, T.F. Pedersen, N.A.D. Waser and
J.-R Wu 880
Biogeochemical Response of the Northwest Africa Upwelling System to Late Quaternary Climatic
Changes: 1-evidence for a system made of local peculiaritiesP. Martinez, P. Bertrand, M. Paterne, F. Grousset, C. Pujol, I. Bouloubassi, L. Labeyrie, M. Parra,M. Haag and G. Shimmield 882
Methylsterane and Dinoflagellate Cyst Distributions and Concentrations in Albion Marine Strata
from the Campos Basin, Brazil
L.A.F. Trindade, S.M.B. de Grande and M. Arai 886
PART 10. MICROBIAL BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
A New Method for Measuring Polysaccharide Hydrolysis Rates in Marine Environments:
Microbial Hydrolysis of Fluorescently-Labeled Polysaccharides in Marine SedimentsC. Arnosti
' '
'. 891
Biodegradation of Macromolecular Crude Oil Fractions
A. Jcnisch, P. Adam, D. Herrmann, J. Connan, M. Rohmer and P. Albrecht 894
The Biogeochemical Role of Achromatium oxaliferumI.M. Head, N.D. Gray, R.W. Pickup and J.G. Jones 895
Microbial Processes Involved in the Degradation and Survival ofAlgal Lipid BiomarkersM.A. Teece, J.M. Getliff, J.W. Leftley, R.J. Parkes and J.R. Maxwell 898
Bacterial Populations and Processes in Sediments Containing Gas Hydrates (ODP Leg 146:
Cascadia margin)R.J. Parkes, B.A. Cragg, J.C. Fry, A.J. Weightman, PA. Rochelle and J.R. Maxwell 901
Uncharacterised Organic Matter in Sediments from Offshore Peru: A Correlation with Bacterial
Necrotnass ?
R.J. Parkes, B.A. Cragg, J.M. Getliff, M.D. Ripley, C.A. Lewis and S.J. Rowland 904
Hydrocarbon Composition and Distribution in Two Bacterial Mats from Tikehau Atoll (FrenchPolynesia)C. Jehl, I. Bouloubassi, A. Boireau, J. Trichct and A. Saliot 906
An Overview of the Brown-Coloured Isorenierutene-Containing Green Sulphur Bacteria
(Chlorobiaceae)R. de Wit and P. Caumette 908
Unusual Composition ofHopanesfrom Biodegraded Oils
N.S. Vorobieva and ALA. Petrov 910
Bacterial Degradation of Green Microaigae: similar Responses of Chlorella sp. (algacnan-con-taining) and Chlorella vulgaris (algaenun-devoid) to Incubation with Pseudomonas oleovorans
and F/avobacterium aquatileL. Afi, P, Mctzger, C. Largeau, J. Connan and C. BerkalolT 912
Lsotopically Heavy Methane - Production in and Ebullition from Algal Mats growing under
Hypersuline Conditions
P. Gerling, A. Krause-Mirus. Y. Cohen and E. Faber 914
xxiv
Clostridia-Mediated Sterol Transformations in Anoxic Hypersaline EnvironmentsL. Rivet, I. Sola, J.O. Grimalt, G. Campion and A. Rimbault 916
Microflora of West Siberia Oil Fields Developed by Flooding and Physico-Chemical Methods forFOR
L.K. Altunina, L.I. Svarovskaya and Z.A. Rozhenkova 919
Pyrophaeophorbide a Esterified to a CnHopanol: A novel Cyanobacterial markerP.J. Harradine, T.M. Peakman, C.B. Eckardt, R. Jaffe and J.R. Maxwell 921
Simulation of Bacterial Reworking of Several Types of Organisms in Saline DepositionalEnvironments
E.A. Kurakolova, V.P. Moskvin and V.N. Burkova 924
Chemistry and Microbiology of Fin Whale Digestive Tract in the Generation of Fecal Sterols
M.I. Venkatesan, G. Clevenger, R.P. Herwig and J.T. Staley 926
Steroid Hydrocarbons with 3-Alkylation in Petroleum and Rock Extracts
J. Dahl, J.M. Moldowan, R.E. Summons, M.A. McCaffrey and P.A. Lipton 928
PART 11. BIOPOLYMERS AND MACROMOLECULES
Unresolved Complex Mixtures ofHydrocarbons in Oils: Origins and CharacterizationS.J. Rowland, A.T. Revill, K.V. Thomas, M. Baas, C. Largeau, J.W. de Leeuw, M. Hodges, P. Lyneand C. Smith 933
Structural Reconstruction of Sulfur-Rich Kerogens, Via Pyrolysis of Natural and SyntheticPolymersY. Cohen, E. B. Krein and Z. Aizenshtat 936
Algal Polyphenolic Resistant Macromolecules in Marine Dissolved and Particulate OrganicMatter
J.D.H. van Heemst, S. Peulve, J.W. de Leeuw, M.A. Sicre and A. Saliot 940
"C- and ISN-NMR Spectroscopic Investigation on the Formation of Torbanite
H. Knicker, P.G. Hatcher and A.W. Scaroni 943
A Combined Quantitative and Isotopic Approach for Characterization of Terrestrial Biopolymersin Marine Sediments
M.A. Goni, J.E. Irvine and T.I. Eglinton 945
Chemical Composition of the Non-Hydrolyzable Macromolecular Constituent of Chlorella mari¬
na Cell Wall. First Evidence of the Occurrence ofan Aromatic-Rich AlgaenanS. Derenne, C. Largeau and C. Berkaloff 948
Transformation of Biochemical Macromolecules into Geological Polymers During EarlyDiagenesisM.L. Fogel and N. Tuross 951
Organic Geochemical, FT-IR- and FT-Raman-Spectroscopical Studies on Modern and Fossil
Plant Resins
G.K.E. Gotz and W. Pickel 954
Multiple Origins of Pyrolysis Products of Kerogens as Revealed by Compound-Specific Carbon
Isotope Analysis
I. Hold, S. Schouten and J.S. Sinninghe Damste 956
Variations in Origin and Composition of Kerogen Constitutens as Revealed by AnalyticalPyrolysis of Immature Kerogens before and after DesulphurizationF Gelin, J.S. Sinninghe Damste, W.N. Harrison, J.R. Maxwell and J.W. de Leeuw 959
FT-i.r. Study of the Evolution of Coal Structure During the Coalification Process
E. Munoz, J.V. Ibarra and R. Moliner 961
Reactivity of O- Containing Groups Present in Immature KerogensA. Ambles, L. Grasset, G. Dupas and J.C. Jacquesy 963
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Plasma Arcing of CoalR.A. Que/.ada, M.A. Wilson and L.S.K. Pang '. 965
Nature, Chemistry and Distribution of Charcoal in Soil
J.O. Skjemstad and J.M. Oades . .
.' 968
Structural Correlation between Soil Humins and Kerogens as Seen by Analytical Pyrolysis
G. Almendros, M.E. Guadalix, F.J. Gonzalez-Vila and F. Martin.
.''
'..
.' 971
Bound Alcohols in Soil Humic SubstancesE. Lichtfouse, S. Dou, G. Berthier and T. Peakman 974
Structural Characterization of Chinese Coal Macerals by Selective Chemical DegradationGuo Shaohui, Li Li, Du Rong, Lu Qinghua and Qin Kuangzong 975
Relationships between Chemical Structure and Activation Energy Spectra ofAlgaenans and rela¬
ted KerogensD. Dessort, J. Connan, S. Derenne and C. Largeau 978
Main Source Organisms and Mode of Formation of the Goynuk Oil Shale (Turkey)B. Gillaizeau, S. Derenne, F. Behar, C. Berkaloff and C. Largeau 980
Chemical, Pyrolytlc and Spectroscopic Characterization of Resistant Biopolymer(s) Present in
Pollen
M.A. Gofii, LP. Kokinos, P. Hatcher and T.l. Eglinton 983
Sporopollenin Revisited
P.F. van Bergen, P. van Moerkerken, P.J. Barrie, M.E. Collinson and J.W. de Leeuw 986
Analysis ofthe Different Acid Fractions in Surface Sediments from Lena River Delta (Siberia) and
Adjacent Areas in the Laptev Sea
Y. Zegouagh, S. Derenne, C. Largeau and A. Saliot 988
The Distribution and Origin of Lignin Phenols in the Antarctic Sediments
M.L Venkatesan, K. Ohta, R. Pourvasei, K. Matsunaga, R. Dunbar, T. Dorsey and D. DeMaster 991
Pyrolvsis-Methvlation of the Kerogens and Asphaltenes Isolated from Oil Shales
J.C. del Rio, F.j. Gonzalez-Vila, T. Verdejo and F. Martin'
994
Study of Porphyrins Released from the Messel Oil Shale Kerogen by Selective Chemical
DegradationB. Huscby and R. Ocampo 997
Kinetics ofAsphallene Flocculation Studied by Photon Correlation SpectroscopyM. Anisimov, I. Yudin, G. Nikolacnko, II. Taulhoat, D. Frot and Y. Briolant 999
Development of a rapid method for Quantitative Characterisation of Protein Degradation DuringEarly DiugenesisJ.K.'Crotly, M.D. Ripley, C.A. Lewis, and S.J. Rowland 1001
The Influence of Kerogen Formation Mechanisms on liiumarkcr Diugenesis
A.N. Bishop, P.' Farrimond, R.P. Philp and A. Galve/.-Sinibaldi. .
.' 1003
Oxygenic Kerogenization of Asphaltenes: the Dead Sea Asphalt Float (Israel) and Related
Materials
P.I. Premovic, Li. S. Jovanovic, S.B. Zlatkovic and M.P. Premovic 1005
xxvi
Can Oil Shales be Used to Produce Fullerenes?
K. Fisher, C. Largeau and S. Derenne 1007
Eight-Step Pyrolysis in Hydrogen and Nitrogen Atmospheres of Six Brown Coals from MajorBrown Coal Deposits in China
Jian Xia, M. Wolf and L. Schwark 1009
Artificial Maturation ofAlginite and Organic Groundmass Separated from an Oil Shale KerogenM.A. Kruge, P. Landais and D. Bensley
'
1012
Distribution of Cyclic Terpanes in a Non-Marine Crude Oil with High Solidifying PointT.G. Wang, Huang Difan, Long Renchi and Huang Guanghui 1015
Incorporation of Methane Into Petroleum: Evidence From Thermodynamic Model CompoundsCoal and Kerogen Studies
L.S.K. Pang, M.A. Wilson, B.D. Batts, J.W. Smith, K.Yang, M.F. Voigtmann, S.J.X. He, D.R.
Smith and M.A. Long 1017
Comparison of Dehydrogenase Polymer (DHP) Lignin with Native Lignin from GymnospermWood by Thermochemolysis Using Tetramethylammonium Hydroxide (TMAH)P.G. Hatcher 1020
Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) thermochemolysis ofaliphatic biopolymers: Insights to
their Chemical Structure
D.E. McKinney, J.M. Bortiatynski, D.M. Carson, D.J. Clifford and P.G. Hatcher 1023
PART 12. BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLING OF SULPHURAND OTHER ELEMENTS
Early Diagenesis of Organic Matter and Related Sulfur Incorporation in Surface Sediments ofMeromictic Lake Cadagno in the Swiss AlpsA. Putschew, B.M. Scholz-Bottcher and J. Rullkotter 1029
Impact ofDia- and Catagenesis on Sulphur Sequestration ofBiomarkers in Sedimentary Rocks as
Revealed by Artificial Maturation
M.P. Koopmans, J.S. Sinninghe Damste, W.I.C. Rijpstra, M.D. Lewan and J.W. de Leeuw....
1033
Carbon Isotope Relationships between Sulfide-Bound Hydrocarbons and ProposedFunctionaliz,ed Lipid Precursors in Sediments from the Santa Barbara Basin
T.R. Filley, K.H. Freeman and P.G. Hatcher 1036
C2S Highly Branched Isoprenoid Alkane and Thiophenes in Neogene Diatomaceous Sediments, NE
JapanM. Yamamoto and M. Watanabe 1039
Relationships between Ultrastructural and Chemical Features in the Pre-evaporitic Oil Shales
from the Lorca Basin (Upper Miocene, S.E. Spain)S. Derenne, A. Permanyer, C. Largeau and R. Baranger 1041
Nitrogen Diagenesis in Sedimentary Organic Matter: a Mass Balance of Organic and InorganicSpeciesW.C. Quayle, M.J. Collins and P. Farrimond 1044
Laboratory Simulation of Natural Sulphuriiation: The Reactivity of Some Functionalizecl Model
Compounds and the Catalytic Influence of Sediment
M.D. Kok, S. Schouten and J.S.'Sinninghe Damste 1047
Sulphur-bonding in recent environments. I. Lipid byproducts from N'uB desulphurizationW. Hangers, J.F. Lopez, F. X. C. de las Herds and J.O. Grinialt 1050
A Novel Series of Hopanoid Sulphides: Evidence for Ring A/B Functionalised Precursors
P. Schaeffer, C. Reiss, J.M. Trendel, P. Adam and' P. Albrecht 1053
xxvn
Artificial Maturation of a Sulfur-rich Source-rock from the Lorca Basin, SpainP. Landais, A. Permanyer, M. Schlegela and L. Mansuy 1054
Hydrocarbon Geochromatographic Fractionation, Water-Washing, Biodegradation and Zn-Pb
Ore Genesis: The La Florida Ore Deposit (Spain)Hu Ming An, J.R. Disnar, L. Barbanson and I. Suarez-Ruiz 1058
Biogeochemical Differences in the Organic Matter Composition and Peculiarities ofAssociationsof Metals Bound with it
L.Ya. Kizilstein and Yu.l. Kholodkov 1060
Sulfur-Rich Bitumen in Cambrian Barite Nodules from Tarim Basin
Bowen Mei, Chuanpin Chen and Diwei Jin 1062
PART 13. ORIGIN OF NATURAL GASES
Theoretical Modeling of Carbon and Hydrogen Isotope Fractionations in Natural Gas
Y. Tang and P.D. Jenden .' 1067
A Laboratory Study of the Mechanisms Controlling C02 and CH4 Generation: Further
Implicationsfor the Role of Water During Artificial Maturation
L. Stalker, S.R. Larter andP. Farrimond 1070
Controls on the Carbon Isotope Ratio of Carbon Dioxide in Oil and Gas Fields
C. Clayton 1073
Applications and Limitations ofMango's Light Hydrocarbon Parameters in Petroleum CorrelationStudies
H.L. Ten Haven 1075
Transition metal catalysis in the Generation ofNatural GasF.D. Mango '. 1078
Deep- Water Natural Gas Hydrate Distribution and Formation
G.D. Ginsburg and V.A. Soloviev 1080
Abiogenic or Mantle Methane in the KTB - German Continental Deep Well?
E. Faber, P. Gerling, U. Berner and S. Weise 1081
Isotopic Composition of Helium in Gas and Oil Fields and the Origin ofNatural Gases
E. M. Prasolov'
1083
Predicting the Risk of Carbon Dioxide "Pollution" in Petroleum Reservoirs
J. Thrasher and A.J. Fleet 1086
Generation ofHydrocarbon Gases and Molecular Nitrogen From Coals
E. Idiz, B. M. Krooss, B. Horsfiekl, R. Litteke and B. Miiller 1089
Identification of the migration process ofmethane through the near-surfaceD. Kettel
. .
."' '
1092
Physical and Chemical Structure of Mecsek Coals and their Modification due to Energy TransferS. Radnai and K. Bakai-Papp . .
.'' '
."..
1095
Peculiarities of Generation and Migration of Hydrocarbon and Nonhydrocarbon Gases in TrapFormation Zones
IS. Stambinets and M.V. Ohukhova 1098
Carbon and Nitrogen Stable Isotope Study of North German Rotliegend Gas Fields-Implicationsfor the Source and Occurrence of Nitrogen in Gas Accumulations
E. Idb and P. Gerling'
1 KM)
xxviii
Simulating the conversion of oil into gas in reservoirs: The influence offrequencyfactors on kine¬tic predictionsH.J. Schenk and B. Horsfield 1102
An Investigation of Factors Controlling Gas Adsorption in Coals of the Zonguldak Basin (NWTurkey)G. Giirdal and M.N. Yalcin 1104
Cracking of Oil to Gas Isotopic Composition ofGas Phase ProductsB. Andresen, I. Johansen and T. Throndsen 1107
Isotopically Heavy Hydrocarbon Gases and Bitumens in the Precambrian Ilimaussaq IntrusionT. Laier and H.P. Nytoft 1109
The Evidencesfor Moderate Temperature Thermochemical Sulphate ReductionM.V. Dakhnova, A.A. Ivlev and E.N. Shkutnik 1112
Origin ofH2S in Natural Gases: Identification of Geochemical ProcessesL. Anissimov 1113
Thermal Evolution ofthe Early Paleozoic Source Rocks in the Talimu Basin and Tangshan RegionFan Pu, Zhang Baisheng, Li Jinggui, Li Zenxi and Ying Guangguo 1115
The Generation and Expulsion of Gases in YA13-1 Gas Field, South China Sea: Implication ofThermal Modelling Results
Ansong Geng ,Yi Zhou
,Jiamo Fu
, Guoying Sheng and Qiming Zhang 1117
Kinetic evaluation of Hydrocarbon Formation from High Maturity Coals and Black ShalesG. Everlien, P. Gerling, H. Wehner 1119
Isotope/Maturity Relationships for Gases from Algal Source Rocks: User-friendly Models forHydrocarbon ExplorationU. Berner and E. Faber 1122
West Siberian Gas: Geochemical Features, Hydrocarbon Generation Modelling and Origin ofGas from Low Maturity SedimentsN.V. Lopatin, B. Cramer, R. Littke, H.S. Poelchau, R.G. Schaefer and D.H. Welte 1124
The Origin of the West Siberian Gas Accumulations: Reaction Kinetics of Gas Formation
R.G. Schaefer, H.J. Schenk and R. Littke 1126
PART 14. DISSOLVED AND PARTICULATE ORGANIC CARBON
Compositional Heterogeneity within Oceanic Suspended Particulate Organic Matter: PreliminaryResults from Direct Temperature-resolved Mass SpectrometryE.C.Minor, T.I. Eglinton, J.J. Boon and R.L Olson 1131
Sources and Fates of Particulate Organic Matter in the Ocean: Distributions and IsotopicCompositions of Sterols in the Sargasso Sea and the Black Sea
S.G. Wakeham and K.H. Freeman 1134
Organic Matter Associated with Settling Particles in the Northern Indian Ocean: Nature, Fluxes
and Fate
B. Haake, T. Rixen, T. Reemtsma and V. Ittekkot 1137
Phytoplankton Decomposition During Simulated Sedimentation: Molecular Composition and
Isotopic Integrity under Oxic and Anoxic Conditions
H.R. Harvey, J.H. Tuttle and S.A. Macko 1140
Geochemistry of Pyropheophorbide Steryl Esters
D.J. Repeta '.'...' '. n42
xxix
Character and Biogeochemistry ofDissolved Organic Matter in a Boreal Forest Beaver Pond near-
Thompson, Manitoba, Canada
R.A. Bourbonniere, L.A. Ziolkowski, S.L. Telford, M.A. Moran, K. Bushaw, W.L. Miller, M. Tarr
and R.G. Zepp 1144
Characterization of Organic: Carbon Phosphorus Ratios in Arctic, Temperate, and TropicalCoastal Sediments
K.C. Ruttenberg and M.A. Goiii 1147
Geochemistry ofHigh Molecular Weight Dissolved Organic Matter in the Sea as Implied by Amino
Acids and Organic NitrogenM. McCarthy, J. I. Hedges and R. Benner 1150
Chemical Characterization of Macroaggregates from the Northern Adriatic
N. Kovac, J. Faganeli, O. Bajt and FI. Leskovsek 1153
Export and Molecular-Level Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter from the
Northeasthern US Continental ShelfD.J. Repeta, T.L Eglinton, R.F. Chen and L. Aluwihare 1156
Dependence of Carbon Isotopic Composition on Growth Rate and fCO,faq in Equatorial and
Antarctic PhytoplanktonB.N. Popp, "R.R. Bidigare, E.A. Laws, P. Parekh, F. Kenig, S.G. Wakeham, B. Tilbrook, S.A.
Macko and M.C. Kennicutt II 1158
Seasonal Variability of S'SN in Settling Particles in the Northern Indian Ocean and its
Paleoenvironmental SignificanceP. Schafer, T. Rixen, B. Haake, J. Tiemann and V. Iltekkol 1161
Occurrences of Protein Molecules of Particulate matter in Oceanic Waters
E. Tanoue, S. Nishiyama, M. Kamo and A. Tsugita 1164
Preservation of Organic Matter During Water-Column TransportS. Peulve, J.DlH. van Heemsl, J.W. de Leeuw, W. Klein-Breteler, M.-A. Sicrc and A. Saliot
...
1165
The Influence ofBacterial Activity at the Chemocline on Particulate Organic Matter Fluxes and
Nutrient Cycling in Meromictic Lake CadagnoS. Bernasconi and K. Hanselmann 1169
Decay Functions for Individual Sterols in the Water Column
N. Andersen, P.J.Muller and G. Wefer 1171
XXX