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Organische Geochemie sedimentärer Systeme Production and Degradation of Organic Matter Einführung

Organische Geochemie sedimentärer Systeme filePOC Animal Consumers DOC Microbial Consumers photosynthesis grazingcarcasses, grazing exudation heterotrophy loss during grazing aggregation,

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Page 1: Organische Geochemie sedimentärer Systeme filePOC Animal Consumers DOC Microbial Consumers photosynthesis grazingcarcasses, grazing exudation heterotrophy loss during grazing aggregation,

Organische Geochemie sedimentärer

Systeme

Production and Degradation of Organic Matter

Einführung

Page 2: Organische Geochemie sedimentärer Systeme filePOC Animal Consumers DOC Microbial Consumers photosynthesis grazingcarcasses, grazing exudation heterotrophy loss during grazing aggregation,

upwelling areas

Kieler Förde

Smetacek (1985)

Page 3: Organische Geochemie sedimentärer Systeme filePOC Animal Consumers DOC Microbial Consumers photosynthesis grazingcarcasses, grazing exudation heterotrophy loss during grazing aggregation,

upwelling areas

Kieler Förde

Skeletonema costatum

(Diatom)

Prorocentrum minimum

(Dinoflagellate)

Dictyocha fibula

(Silicoflagellate)

Page 4: Organische Geochemie sedimentärer Systeme filePOC Animal Consumers DOC Microbial Consumers photosynthesis grazingcarcasses, grazing exudation heterotrophy loss during grazing aggregation,

upwelling areas

Kieler Förde

Page 5: Organische Geochemie sedimentärer Systeme filePOC Animal Consumers DOC Microbial Consumers photosynthesis grazingcarcasses, grazing exudation heterotrophy loss during grazing aggregation,

upwelling areas

open ocean

reefs

coastal areas

mangroves

Marine ecosystems and primary productivity

Page 6: Organische Geochemie sedimentärer Systeme filePOC Animal Consumers DOC Microbial Consumers photosynthesis grazingcarcasses, grazing exudation heterotrophy loss during grazing aggregation,

200-360

The Marine Carbon Cycle

Microbial loop

atmosphere

water

Rivers

3-3.2 Plant volatiles and

Airborne particles

1.5-4

Petroleum hydrocarbons

0.046

All numbers are in g C yr-1 x 1014

Page 7: Organische Geochemie sedimentärer Systeme filePOC Animal Consumers DOC Microbial Consumers photosynthesis grazingcarcasses, grazing exudation heterotrophy loss during grazing aggregation,

The (aerobic) Marine Carbon Cycle

CO2 (gas)

CO2 (dissolved)

Primary Producers

Animal Consumers DOC POC

Microbial Consumers

photosynthesis

grazing

grazing

exudation

heterotrophy

loss during grazing

aggregation, adsorption

decay by extracellular enzymes

extr. enzymes

defecation

consumption

resuspension

Marine snow,

carcasses,

fecal pellets

atmosphere

water

Page 8: Organische Geochemie sedimentärer Systeme filePOC Animal Consumers DOC Microbial Consumers photosynthesis grazingcarcasses, grazing exudation heterotrophy loss during grazing aggregation,

Die höchste marine

Primärpoduktivität wird von

Korallen, Kelp und benthischen

Mikroalgen erzielt

Die Produktivität von offen-

marinen und küstennahen

Phytoplankton ist relativ gering

Rates of Production in Photosynthetic Producers

Page 9: Organische Geochemie sedimentärer Systeme filePOC Animal Consumers DOC Microbial Consumers photosynthesis grazingcarcasses, grazing exudation heterotrophy loss during grazing aggregation,

Upwelling Gebiete besitzen die höchste Primärproduktionrate, jedoch nur einen

geringen Anteil am Gesamtvolumen

Der offene Ozean hingegen, in dem die niedrigste Primärproduktion anzutreffen

ist, besitzt den größten Anteil an der Gesamtproduktivität

World Ocean Primary Productivity

Page 10: Organische Geochemie sedimentärer Systeme filePOC Animal Consumers DOC Microbial Consumers photosynthesis grazingcarcasses, grazing exudation heterotrophy loss during grazing aggregation,

Plankton (gr. das Umherirrende)

Organismen die vorwiegend in der oberen

Wassersäule leben und die mit der

Meeresströmung treiben

Plankton wird unterschieden in

Phytoplankton und Zooplankton

Phytoplankton setzt sich aus

photosynthetische Mikroorganismen

zusammen (einzellige Algen,

Cyanobakterien)

Zooplankton gehören zu den Tieren, z.B.

Protozoa (einzellig) als auch Metazoa

(mehrzellige)

Plankton Klassifizierung

Page 11: Organische Geochemie sedimentärer Systeme filePOC Animal Consumers DOC Microbial Consumers photosynthesis grazingcarcasses, grazing exudation heterotrophy loss during grazing aggregation,

The principal taxa of planktonic producers that are found over most of the world‘s oceans are diatoms, green algae, dinoflagellates, coccolithophorids, silicoflagellates, cyanobacteria as well as other bacteria and archaea.

Nanoplankton (diatoms, coccolithophorids)

Picoplankton (cyanobacteria, green sulfur bacteria (e.g. Chlorobium)

Macrophytes (seaweed, brown algae)

Marine Primärproduzenten