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7/27/2019 Orthographic Engineering
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/orthographic-engineering 1/20
1me/engfac/oppliger/classes/eng3000/lecture_slides/07.spat_vis2.sdd
ENG3000
Orthographic
Projection
7/27/2019 Orthographic Engineering
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2me/engfac/oppliger/classes/eng3000/lecture_slides/07.spat_vis2.sdd
Session Objectives· To understand the basic principles of
orthographic projection· To be able to construct orthographic
views of simple objects
· To visualize 3−D objects from drawingsshowing their orthographic views
7/27/2019 Orthographic Engineering
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3me/engfac/oppliger/classes/eng3000/lecture_slides/07.spat_vis2.sdd
Orthographic Projection
· Ortho − Greek word meaning perpendicular
· Show the views of an object projected in 2−D
· Usually the top, front, and right side viewstop
front right
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4me/engfac/oppliger/classes/eng3000/lecture_slides/07.spat_vis2.sdd
Orthographic Projection
· Imagine the object
is surrounded by aglass cube.
· Object surfaces
are projected ontothe faces.
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5me/engfac/oppliger/classes/eng3000/lecture_slides/07.spat_vis2.sdd
Orthographic Projection
Unfold the cubeso that it lies in asingle plane
Three views of theobject are nowvisible on the
same plane inspace
Fold lines
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Orthographic Projection
When the glass cube isunfolded:
Front view: Height and Width Top view: Width and Depth
Right view: Depth and Height H H
W
W
D
D
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Orthographic Projection
Align views with each other (features projectfrom one view to the next)
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· Parallel to one of the six glass panes of our
transparent cube
· Perpendicular (normal) to the projectors to/from thatplane
Shown true size andshape in the view
that they are parallelto
Seen as edges (lines)in the other principal
views
A is 1 and 4B is 2 and 3
A
B
Line 1
Line 2
Line 3
Line 4
Orthographic Projection:
Normal SurfacesB
A
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Orthographic Projection:
Hidden Lines
Hidden Line (Dashedlines; can’t be "seen inthat view)
Visible Line (Solid
lines, can be seenin a given view,aka: Object Lines)
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As an Individual...
In your lab manual, pp. 28−29 (top two),construct the top, front and right side viewsof the objects shown in isometric. Make sure your views are aligned and hidden lines are
included as necessary
Compare your answers
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Constructing the third view helps visualization skills−D object has edges and surfaces and they appearifferently in various views.
Edge: a point, edge or surface Surface: surface or edge
Orthographic Projection: Missing Views
H H
W
W
D
Dhen constructing the third view,
ecall: Points project perpendicularly from
one view to the next Object dimensions (height, width and
depth) are preserved from one view tothe next
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12me/engfac/oppliger/classes/eng3000/lecture_slides/07.spat_vis2.sdd
As an Individual...· In your lab manual, p. 30, construct the
third view of the objects· Compare your answers to those of your
teammates
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Orthographic Projection:
Surface IdentificationFor the indicated surfaces and edges, where arethey located in the adjacent view?
1, 2 Surface 8, 9, 11, 10
3 Edge 10, 89,11 Edge 2 or 4
1
4
2
3
8 9
10 11
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Orthographic Projection:
Surface Identification
30, 23 surface
8, 9 surface9, 10 surface
10, 3 surface
25 edge
20, 27 edge
29, 27 edge
10, 5 edge
For the indicated surfaces and edges,where are they located in the adjacent view?
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15me/engfac/oppliger/classes/eng3000/lecture_slides/07.spat_vis2.sdd
Constructing Isometric sketches from
Orthographic views develops visualization skills.
Orthographic Projection:
Isometric Sketches from
Orthographic Views
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16me/engfac/oppliger/classes/eng3000/lecture_slides/07.spat_vis2.sdd
1. Find the object’s overall dimensions from theorthographic views and sketch that size box
on isometric dot paper.
Orthographic Projection:
Iso. Sketches from Ortho Sketches
D
H
W
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3. Add/remove lines until the view is complete.
Orthographic Projection:
Iso. Sketches from Ortho Sketches
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2. Sketch the top, front, and right side views intheir appropriate locations on the box.
Orthographic Projection:
Iso. Sketches from Ortho Sketches
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As an Individual...
In your Lab Manual, p. 31:1. sketch a box of that size on isometric dot paper2. sketch the top, front, and right side views
3. add and remove lines
D
H
W
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Individual HomeworkDue: Thursday 8.2
Complete Lab Manual problems onpp. 28−31 as indicated