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Disclaimer: This media monitoring is sent to you only for your information. The inclusion of the attached news items is not an endorsement of the Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the Great Lakes Region in Africa or that of the United Nations Organization. Further use or distribution of this media monitoring must be guided accordingly. 1 United Nations Office in Nairobi P.O. Box 48246, Nairobi, KENYA Email: [email protected] – Intermission: 197 6324 – Mobile: +254 715 703 417 Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the Great Lakes in Africa MEDIA MONITORING 9 March 2015 Burundi's Catholic Church speaks out over third mandate for president Source: AFP World News Bujumbura, 7 March 2015 - Burundi's influential Catholic Church on Saturday spoke out against suspected plans by President Pierre Nkurunziza to stay in office for a controversial third mandate. With just four months to go before general elections, tensions have been mounting in the small central African nation over Nkurunziza's bid to stay put and reports of the repression of the opposition and dissidents. Burundi's constitution allows a president to be elected only twice -- for a total of 10 years in power -- but Nkurunziza argues he has been directly elected by the people only once. For his first term, beginning in 2005, he was selected by parliament. But in a newspaper commentary, Bujumbura Archbishop Evariste Ngoyagoye said that after "analysis" of the peace accord that brought Nkurunziza to power and the constitution, as well as some soul-searching, it was clear the president should stand aside. "The Church does not wish to see Burundi fall back into divisions, clashes or war... and arrives at the conclusion, without any ambiguity, that any person elected to lead Burundi cannot go beyond two five-year mandates," the archbishop wrote. The comment, also agreed by other top Catholic officials in the country, is the first time the Church has taken an official position on the upcoming elections. Burundi, a small landlocked nation in central Africa's Great Lakes region, emerged in 2006 from a brutal 13-year civil war.

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Page 1: OSESG-GL - Media Monitoring, 9 March 2015...Email: tourep@un.org – Intermission: 197 6324 – Mobile: +254 715 703 417 Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the

Disclaimer: This media monitoring is sent to you only for your information. The inclusion of the attached news items is not an endorsement of the Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the Great Lakes Region in Africa or that of the United Nations Organization. Further use or distribution of this media monitoring must be guided accordingly.

1 United Nations Office in Nairobi – P.O. Box 48246, Nairobi, KENYA

Email: [email protected] – Intermission: 197 6324 – Mobile: +254 715 703 417

Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the Great Lakes in Africa

MEDIA MONITORING 9 March 2015

Burundi's Catholic Church speaks out over third man date for president

Source: AFP World News

Bujumbura, 7 March 2015 - Burundi's influential Catholic Church on Saturday spoke out against suspected plans by President Pierre Nkurunziza to stay in office for a controversial third mandate.

With just four months to go before general elections, tensions have been mounting in the small central African nation over Nkurunziza's bid to stay put and reports of the repression of the opposition and dissidents.

Burundi's constitution allows a president to be elected only twice -- for a total of 10 years in power -- but Nkurunziza argues he has been directly elected by the people only once. For his first term, beginning in 2005, he was selected by parliament.

But in a newspaper commentary, Bujumbura Archbishop Evariste Ngoyagoye said that after "analysis" of the peace accord that brought Nkurunziza to power and the constitution, as well as some soul-searching, it was clear the president should stand aside.

"The Church does not wish to see Burundi fall back into divisions, clashes or war... and arrives at the conclusion, without any ambiguity, that any person elected to lead Burundi cannot go beyond two five-year mandates," the archbishop wrote.

The comment, also agreed by other top Catholic officials in the country, is the first time the Church has taken an official position on the upcoming elections.

Burundi, a small landlocked nation in central Africa's Great Lakes region, emerged in 2006 from a brutal 13-year civil war.

Page 2: OSESG-GL - Media Monitoring, 9 March 2015...Email: tourep@un.org – Intermission: 197 6324 – Mobile: +254 715 703 417 Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the

Disclaimer: This media monitoring is sent to you only for your information. The inclusion of the attached news items is not an endorsement of the Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the Great Lakes Region in Africa or that of the United Nations Organization. Further use or distribution of this media monitoring must be guided accordingly.

2 United Nations Office in Nairobi – P.O. Box 48246, Nairobi, KENYA

Email: [email protected] – Intermission: 197 6324 – Mobile: +254 715 703 417

Rights groups have warned of growing fears of the risk of violence ahead of elections, with a string of attacks including a five-day battle in January between the army and rebels.

Le Burundi affichera les listes électorales proviso ires du 12 au 16mars

Source: Source: Agence de presse Xinhua

6 mars 2015 - Le Président de la Commission Electorale Nationale Indépendante (CENI), Pierre Claver Ndayicariye, a annoncé vendredi que les listes électorales provisoires de ceux qui se sont fait inscrire seront affichées du 12 au 16 mars et que la réouverture partielle de l'enrôlement aura lieu dès le lendemain du 17 au 19 mars 2015.

"Les listes électorales provisoires seront affichées du 12 au 16 mars 2015 aux centres d'inscription qui deviennent des centres d'affichage (...) et la réouverture partielle des électeurs se fera après l'activité d'affichage du 17 au 19 mars 2015", a annoncé à Bujumbura Pierre Claver Ndayicariye au cours d'une réunion d’échanges avec tous les responsables des Commissions Electorales Provinciales Indépendantes (CEPI).

Il a fait savoir que la liste électorale provisoire sera présentée en trois copies dont une copie à afficher au centre d' inscription qui deviendra le centre d'affichage, une autre qui sera donnée à l'agent d'affichage et la dernière sera réservée à la Commission Electorale Communale Indépendante.

Pour ce qui est de la réouverture partielle de l'enrôlement, il a dit qu'elle concerne toute personne qui n'a pas pu se faire enrôler lors de l'opération d'enrôlement des électeurs qui a eu lieu aux mois de novembre et de décembre 2014, citant entre autres celles qui étaient hospitalisées ou en mission.

Il a demandé aux agents d'inscription "de vérifier systématiquement si le candidat électeur ne figure pas déjà sur la liste électorale provisoire" avant toute inscription.

Il a également informé aux présidents des CEPI qu'il y aura 3 483 équipes mixtes d'observation pendant l'affichage de ces listes électorales provisoires et de la réouverture partielle de l' enrôlement des électeurs, comme la CENI l'a convenu avec toutes les parties prenantes au processus électoral. Le parti au pouvoir, l'opposition, la société civile, les confessions religieuses et l’administration locale seront représentés chacun par un membre dans ces équipes.

Pierre Claver Ndayicariye a indiqué qu'il y a au total 3 483 centres d'inscription répartis sur 2 913 collines ou quartiers.

Page 3: OSESG-GL - Media Monitoring, 9 March 2015...Email: tourep@un.org – Intermission: 197 6324 – Mobile: +254 715 703 417 Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the

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Cette rencontre des dirigeants de la CENI avec les présidents des CEPI a eu lieu au moment où certains agents de saisie des données au Centre de Traitement des Données issues de l'enrôlement de novembre et de décembre 2014 ont tenté un mouvement de grève réclamant de nouveaux contrats.

Les élections générales auront lieu entre mai et septembre 2015.

Ban gives UN-AU mission in Darfur a year to shape u p

Source: Agence France Presse

United Nations, 6 March 6, 2015 - UN chief Ban Ki-moon is proposing a one-year test period to determine whether the troubled UN-AU mission in Sudan's Darfur can be salvaged, in a report released Friday.

In the special review to the Security Council, Ban said the 15-member council will face "hard decisions" if the mission remains ineffective after a year.

There have been growing calls from Khartoum for the 15,000-strong UNAMID to pull out after the mission demanded access to a village to investigate claims of a mass rape of women and girls by Sudanese troops.

The secretary general proposed that during the one-year period, "efforts to address troop- and police-contingent shortcomings would be redoubled" to improve mobility and patrols.

President Omar al-Bashir's government "would be called upon" to cooperate, and denials of access to the UN-AU force would be immediately reported to AU and UN headquarters, Ban said.

The UN chief laid out three scenarios after the one-year period including streamlining the mission, strengthening peace-building or considering "hard decisions on the future of UNAMID" if no improvements result from the changes.

UNAMID's future will be discussed next week when Security Council envoys travel to AU headquarters in Addis Ababa as part of a tour that will also include stops in the Central African Republic and Burundi.

The council will then hold a meeting on UNAMID in New York on March 17.

Page 4: OSESG-GL - Media Monitoring, 9 March 2015...Email: tourep@un.org – Intermission: 197 6324 – Mobile: +254 715 703 417 Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the

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Deployed since 2007, the mission has been plagued with problems mostly over its dual-command structure by which the United Nations and the African Union are both running operations.

The mission is tasked with protecting civilians and securing humanitarian aid in the western region of Sudan, where more than 300,000 have been killed in 11 years of conflict.

More than two million people have been forced from their homes, but the mission has often been barred from accessing conflict areas and its forces have been targeted in attacks.

In November, an internal UN probe of allegations that UNAMID was covering up crimes by Sudanese forces against Darfur civilians found that there was an under-reporting of crimes.

But the special review team which looked at 16 incidents, some of which involved possible wrongdoing by Sudanese government or pro-government forces, concluded that there was no evidence of a willful cover-up.

UNAMID announced in late February that it was cutting 770 jobs to streamline its operations.

It’s up to women to make it happen

Source: The National (UAE).

By Shelina Zahra Janmohamed

6 March 2015 - "Girls are beautiful and boys are smart.” This is my four-year-old daughter’s latest pronouncement. She also currently believes that doctors are boys and nurses are girls. But then she also thinks there is a tooth fairy, that flowers can talk and that I really will cook spider soup for her dinner if she’s naughty. Even so, none of this changes the fact that despite being brought up in a family where she is given every opportunity, and sees choices and opportunities given to both genders, she has been infected with the stubborn social idea that girls are about looks and nurturing, and boys are about skills and making things happen.

Thank goodness then that the theme for [yesterday]’s (8 March) International Women’s Day is “make it happen”.

Page 5: OSESG-GL - Media Monitoring, 9 March 2015...Email: tourep@un.org – Intermission: 197 6324 – Mobile: +254 715 703 417 Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the

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5 United Nations Office in Nairobi – P.O. Box 48246, Nairobi, KENYA

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Tradition and authority can make it feel impossible for women to change the status quo, especially when our assumptions of what is suitable behaviour for men and women run so deep. If our daughters are told the options open to them, and their education, choices and life decisions are shaped accordingly, then no matter how much we talk about change it will never come.

Women continue to suffer poor opportunities – and therefore life outcomes. They are twice as likely to be illiterate as men. Globally, nearly 500 million adult women are illiterate compared to just over 250 million men. Maternal mortality, physical and sexual violence against women, economic poverty, greater share of housework, denial of autonomy … the list of discriminatory and negative events facing women is vast.

We need to stand firm against such discrimination. Women must be at the forefront of that change. All women must take a critical look at their own attitudes and actions to see how, both in our deepest hearts as well as our most obvious actions, we may be entrenching negative attitudes towards women. As mothers-in-law, perhaps we expect our daughters-in-law to act as maids to our sons, while our sons abuse them. We may be discouraging our daughters from careers that are said to be “unsuitable for women” even though they show huge aptitude. We may sing the praises of a young girl who is “fair” and talk disparagingly of a darker-skinned child. We may dismiss the efforts of women in the public sphere as unbecoming, manlike or brazen. We may condone child marriage. We may sneer at women who leave abusive marriages. I’ve seen such attitudes in all cultures, all classes and in developing and developed nations alike.

All too often, women police the status quo, even though the victims are women too. Sometimes, this is understandable. Women who have suffered at the hands of other women, may believe that those they make suffer should suck it up. But they also believe that they can do nothing to change the situation. But women must believe to their very core that things can be different and a more equitable future is possible.

Men are partners in creating this change. But as women living the experience, we must be the front line for change against socially entrenched ideas.

Action comes from the intractable belief that women deserve better. We deserve better. We must make it happen.

Page 6: OSESG-GL - Media Monitoring, 9 March 2015...Email: tourep@un.org – Intermission: 197 6324 – Mobile: +254 715 703 417 Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the

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International Women's Day: Number of female lawmake rs doubles in 20 years

Source: The Guardian

By Mark Anderson and Ami Sedghi

Inter-Parliamentary Union reports worldwide increas e in female MPs but says fast-track impact of quotas has reached its peak

8 March 2015 - The percentage of female lawmakers has nearly doubled over the past two decades, but the hefty impact of quotas that require a minimum amount of women MPs may soon wear off, forcing new gender equality strategies to be introduced, the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) has said.

Electoral quotas, which require countries to appoint a minimum number of female lawmakers, have been rolled out in more than 120 countries, according to the IPU. These quotes are “central” to the strides the world has made in closing the political gender gap, it said.

The global average of women in parliament has increased from 11.3% in 1995 to 22.1% in 2015, according to the IPU. But progress in raising the number of female lawmakers has slowed in recent years, said the IPU’s secretary general, Martin Chungong.

But the organisation said “a significant brake on progress in 2014 could be an indicator that the fast-track impact of quotas has reached its peak and other measures investing in women’s political empowerment are needed to complement quotas”.

Page 7: OSESG-GL - Media Monitoring, 9 March 2015...Email: tourep@un.org – Intermission: 197 6324 – Mobile: +254 715 703 417 Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the

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“After the optimism and belief in 2013 that gender parity in parliament was within reach in a generation, the lack of significant progress in 2014 is a major blow,” said Chungong.

The IPU is a 126-year-old organisation that coordinates dialogue between parliamentarians from around the world, with the aim of promoting human rights and democracy.

Rwanda came top of the most recent rankings with 63.8% female lawmakers, while 13 countries registered 40% or more women in the lower or single houses of parliament.

Along with Rwanda, Andorra and Bolivia have made the most progress since 1995 in improving women’s political reputation, the IPU said.

Only three countries – Finland, the Seychelles and Sweden – ranked among the top 10 countries for female MPs in both 1995 and 2015.

Page 8: OSESG-GL - Media Monitoring, 9 March 2015...Email: tourep@un.org – Intermission: 197 6324 – Mobile: +254 715 703 417 Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the

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Four countries from sub-Saharan Africa – Rwanda, Seychelles, Senegal and South Africa – ranked in this year’s top 10 for women lawmakers.

The Americas region made the biggest strides in promoting political gender equality during the reporting period, raising the percentage of female lawmakers from 12.7% in 1995 to 26.4% in 2015.

Chungong said the data is “a timely reminder that progress is not a given” and added: “Political action and will must remain a constant if we are to successfully tackle the gender deficit in politics. There is no room for complacency.

“Although 2014 didn’t deliver on the expectations of 2013, the last 20 years have made it clear that women are now partners at the political table. The challenge now is in making sure women become equal partners in how democracy is delivered.”

Page 9: OSESG-GL - Media Monitoring, 9 March 2015...Email: tourep@un.org – Intermission: 197 6324 – Mobile: +254 715 703 417 Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the

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Journée internationale de la Femme : l’Unesco a org anisé une importante conférence à Paris

Source: Agence d'Information d'Afrique centrale

Par Hermione Désirée Ngoma

Dans le cadre de la célébration de la Journée inter nationale de la Femme, il a été organisé le 4 mars au siège de l’Unesco à Paris la Conférence sur le thème « Repensons l’autonomisation des femmes et l’égalité des genres en 2015 et au-delà».

7 mars 2015 - L’éducation des filles et des femmes et la reconnaissance de l’importance de l’autonomisation des femmes pour le développement durable ont dominé les débats de cette conférence. L’événement, le premier d’une série de célébrations prévues dans le cadre de la Journée internationale de la femme 2015, a vu six panélistes examiner les progrès réalisés depuis la Conférence mondiale sur les femmes de Beijing en 1995, et les défis qui restent à relever pour l’égalité des genres.

Au cours de son discours d’inauguration, la directrice générale de l’Unesco, Irina Bokova, a rappelé la vision qui s’était dégagée à Beijing, où chaque fille et chaque femme pouvait vivre librement et faire ses propres choix, vivre sans crainte de violences, aller à l’école, participer aux prises de décisions, exprimer sa volonté et recevoir un salaire égal pour un travail égal. « Vingt ans plus tard, cette vision reste une source d’inspiration, » a-t-elle déclaré, décrivant les progrès réalisés comme timides.

« Nous devons, de nouveau, voir les choses en grand aujourd’hui, » a annoncé Mme Bokova. « Si nous ne témoignons pas de plus d’audace et d’innovation, l’ambitieux agenda de développement actuellement en préparation ne sera pas réalisable. » Pour la directrice générale, l’éducation est l’une des clés du changement, et c’est la raison pour laquelle l’Unesco a fait de l’éducation des filles et des femmes une priorité absolue.

La Vice-Présidente de la République islamique d’Iran, Masoumeh Ebtekar, a expliqué aux participants de la conférence que les objectifs fixés à Beijing devaient être réexaminés afin de faire progresser l’égalité des genres de façon plus efficace. Elle a exhorté l’Unesco à recueillir et diffuser des initiatives fructueuses promouvant l’égalité des genres à travers le monde, dans le but d’accélérer les progrès dans ce domaine, indispensable pour parvenir à la durabilité.

Laura Chinchilla, ancienne Présidente du Costa Rica, a souligné la nécessité d’une approche beaucoup plus proactive à tous les niveaux pour faire de l’égalité des genres

Page 10: OSESG-GL - Media Monitoring, 9 March 2015...Email: tourep@un.org – Intermission: 197 6324 – Mobile: +254 715 703 417 Office of the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the

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une réalité, notamment dans les domaines politique et économique. « Soyons clairs, a-t-elle dit, plus nous autonomiserons les femmes dans l’économie, plus nous connaîtrons de succès dans leur autonomisation politique et sociale.»

Tsetska Tsacheva, Présidente de l’Assemblée nationale de la République de Bulgarie, a quant à elle mis l’accent sur le lien entre égalité des genres, démocratie, et développement durable. En Bulgarie, a-t-elle exposé, l’une des priorités nationales relatives aux droits de l’homme est les droits des filles et des femmes, y compris l’éducation et l’autonomisation, qui a été reconnue comme essentielle pour le développement et doit être inclue à l’agenda pour le développement post-2015.

Gertrude Mongella était la secrétaire générale de la quatrième Conférence internationale sur les femmes à Beijing, il y a vingt ans. Rappelant l’énergie et l’enthousiasme autour de l’événement, elle a déclaré aux participants « que l’égalité des genres et l’autonomisation des femmes représentent une révolution, il n’y a pas de marche arrière. Vous ne pouvez pas parler de démocratie sans femmes. »

Découpage du Katanga en RDC: Moise Katumbi annonce son départ

Par RFI

8 mars 2015 - Au cours d'une cérémonie ce samedi 7 mars dans la cadre de la Journée internationale des femmes, Moise Katumbi Chapwe a dit au revoir à la population du Katanga. Le gouverneur de la riche province cuprifère de RDC a annoncé qu'il attendait la nomination des futurs animateurs des quatre provinces qui constituent désormais l'ancien Katanga redécoupé territorialement pour partir. Ce qui a créé une forte émotion au sein de la foule.

Selon le nouveau découpage, la République démocratique du Congo compte 26 provinces au lieu de 11 jusqu'il y a quelques jours. Si dans certaines provinces, ce découpage n'a pas créé beaucoup de remous, au Katanga par contre, de nombreuses personnes ont rejeté la démarche.

En 2010, l’association culturelle Lwanzo Lwa Mikuba avait initié une pétition envoyée à Kinshasa pour dire « non » à ce qui avait été décidé en 2006. Le président de cette association, Vano Kiboko, est aujourd’hui en prison. Gabriel Kyungu wa Kumwanza, président de l’Assemblée provinciale du Katanga, est revenu à la charge deux fois, en 2010 et tout récemment, avec des pétitions qui auraient dépassé le million de signatures, pour dire à nouveau « non » à cette forme de découpage territorial.

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Gabriel Kyungu jouit aussi d’une grande notoriété au sein de la population katangaise, avec Jean-Claude Muyambo Kyassa en prison à Kinshasa, ils sont également considérés, à côté de Moise Katumbi Chapwe, comme de grands leaders katangais. Et pour une frange non moins importante des Katangais, la solution de la gestion du Katanga n’est pas l’éclatement, c’est plutôt la rétrocession effective des recettes aux provinces.

Rwanda, Tanzania Stabilize Diplomatic Relations

Source: News of Rwanda

Relations between Rwanda and Tanzania could be desc ribed as cordial and a signal to an end of the sour fallout since 2013.

8 March 2015 - President Paul Kagame on Saturday [7 March] invited to Kigali his Tanzanian counterpart Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete to attend the 9th Northern Corridor Integration Projects summit.

Kikwete that has since 2013 occasionally avoided several regional meetings recently assumed the rotational chairmanship of the EAC bloc, a position that requires him to attend such high-level meetings.

He told the four heads of state gathered in Kigali, “I want to extend my thanks to President Paul Kagame for inviting me to this summit.”

Most recently, Kikwete and Kagame had in February met at the 16th Summit of EAC Heads of State in Nairobi, Kenya.

In May 2013, during an African Union summit in Ethiopia, Kikwete suggested that the Rwandan government should open talks with the FDLR Hutu militia based in eastern DR Congo.

Rwanda considers the FDLR grouping a collection of genocidaires that should be prosecuted for their role in the 1994 genocide against Tutsi that claimed over a million lives.

During the same AU summit, Kikwete also urged Uganda’s President Yoweri Museveni to consider negotiating with Allied Democratic Forces and the National Army for the Liberation of Uganda, as well as asking DR Congo’s President Joseph Kabila to talk to the M23 rebels and other forces operating in eastern Congo.

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Kikwete’s call for Rwanda to negotiate with the FDLR attracted a lot of criticism prompting Kagame to respond after a month saying; “I kept quiet about this because of the contempt I have for it. I thought it was utter nonsense.”

Kagame added, “ May be it was due to ignorance but if this is an ideological problem for anyone to be thinking this way, then it better stay with those who have it.”

The Opposition politicians in Tanzania used the parliament to pressure President Kikwete to mend fences with Rwanda.

Kikwete’s government told parliament it was not going to apologise to Kigali over the statements.

However, later in August 2013, the Tanzanian government requested Uganda’s President Yoweri Museveni to help mediate its bitter row with Rwanda.

In September 2013, for the first time after the bitter fallout, Presidents Kagame and Kikwete met in Uganda’s capital Kampala for a security summit organized by the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region.

During the summit, President Kagame angrily questioned why Kikwete was “Siding” with FDLR.

At that time, the row between Kigali and Dar es Salaam presented a big security risk to the region and was also seen as a threatening efforts to make the East African Community a success.

The Northern Corridor is the transport corridor linking the landlocked countries of Uganda, Rwanda, South Sudan and Burundi to Kenya’s Maritime Port of Mombasa.

Kikwete proposed for continued integration of the region, requesting for extension of Northern corridor to Central corridor in which Tanzania fully benefits.

Kagame hosted his visitors to lunch including; Tanzania’s Jakaya Kikwete, Uhuru Kenyatta of Kenya, Salva Kiir Mayardit of South Sudan, Burundi’s Second Vice President Gervais Rufyikiri, Ethiopia’s Minister for Foreign Affairs Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus and EAC Secretary General Richard Sezibera.

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Democratic Republic of Congo: The war with a death toll the highest since the holocaust that you've probably never hear d of

By Isabella Ellis in International

After the Holocaust we said ‘’never again’’, yet in the war-torn Democratic Republic of Congo the death toll nears that of the innocent Jews Hitler slaughtered in 1930. The people of the mineral rich nation are being massacred, tortured and raped in terrifying numbers. Yet, led by the media we have turned a blind eye to their suffering.

8 March 2015 - In a country widely regarded to be the world’s richest live some of the world’s poorest. Its abundant natural resources plundered by surrounding nations, its people slaughtered in millions, all the while ignored almost completely by the rest of the world.

The Democratic Republic of the Congo has been embroiled in over 125 years of conflict. It has endured slavery, colonialism, the assassination of its first leader, dictatorships, invasion and nearly six million people have been massacred. Over 10,000 civilians are estimated to die in DRC every month; half of these are children under the age of five.

Despite a 2003 peace treaty, war in DRC rages on, with experts on the area claiming it is like no other.

‘’Capitalism isn't fighting communism; there are no Sunnis fighting Shiites, or Kurds fighting Turks; no philosophical, religious, or national destinies in clash. Violence isn't a means to a higher end in DRC, but the expression of a deeper social, political and historical rot.’’ Explained Armin Rosen, following a week-long visit to DRC last summer.

The country is currently experiencing what is known as the 'Second Congo War', just a year after the first (Image: Reuters)

In 1885 the central African nation was given to the King of Belgium, who made approximately 1bn US dollars from cultivating resources using slaves. This was when the discovery was first made about Congo’s mass of natural minerals.

Desolate villages, destroyed by years of conflict, lie on mines harbouring some of Africa’s richest mineral supplies. Gold, Diamonds, Uranium, the Cobalt that brings colour to your computer screen, the Copper that helps build millions of cars is all plentiful in DRC. The country has fallen foul to a problem that strangles much of the world, the greed of other nations for its natural resources culminating in death and corruption on a macabre and massive scale.

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Democratic Republic of Congo is bordered by Rwanda and Uganda

DRC has become known as Rwanda’s victim. Following the ethnic cleansing mission of the Hutu in Rwanda, many Hutu crossed into DRC in 1994 amongst thousands of refugees who feared retribution. It is the Hutu that make up many of the militias, currently locked in deadly conflict with the Hunde.

Just a year after DRC gained independence in 1961, Prime Minister Lumumba (the first democratically elected Congolese leader), was captured and murdered by soldiers loyal to Joseph Mobuto. The US supported Mobuto, as he seized power and used the DRC (which he renamed Zaire) as a platform for operations against Soviet-backed Angola in 1965. However, once the Cold War was over, the US lost interest and ignored the looming Rwandan invasion.

In 1996 Rwanda invaded led by Kugami, who aimed to eliminate the Hutu militias that had developed in the years following the genocide, with the help of his Ugandan ally. As anti-Mobuto rebel efforts were boosted by the invasion, the rebels captured the capital and Laurent Kabila became president.

The reasons for the on-going war seemingly have become lost in the bloodshed and the Congolese government is all but ineffective, as militias wage war predominantly in the country’s east. The mask of an ethnic war is helpful to the warlords who simply want to access the mines, devastating all that is in their way.

In 2011, statistics were released that estimated 1152 women are raped in DRC everday

Today [8 March] it’s International Women’s Day. Rwanda has been championed for its parliament having the strongest representation of women in the world. The underside of this figure is however grisly to the say the least, as Rwanda's involvement in the rape campaign in DRC is indisputable. As is the nature of the sprawling conflict, the origin or allegiance of the attackers varies widely, but maybe this figure should be hitting headlines today, instead.

The extensive rape campaign reached a level of 48 women per hour in 2011 and the stories that come out of the country are enough to chill even the most hardened of peacekeepers. How this has the ability to destabilise communities is often underestimated, as the women and girls are left dishonoured and scarred, the children devastated and the men distraught and hopeless.

Salongo National Park in DRC makes up part of the 2nd largest rainforest in the world

The failure of the world to react to the Rwandan genocide, notably the US and UN, has left many supposing it is their guilt that has facilitated both Uganda and Rwanda’s

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invasion of the DRC, supported of course by economic and military motivation. In the last 14 years, the US has pledged over 1bn in aid to Rwanda.

The sanctions we see slapped on Russia in wake of their advances on Ukraine are out of sight for these neighbouring nations. Not that the deaths in Ukraine should ever be undermined, but they total just 0.09% of the total who have been killed in DRC since 1998.

The conflict in the DRC shows no sign of letting up, the war within the beauty of Africa’s heart being a living hell for its citizens. ‘’There’s something wrong, there’s something wrong with us in terms of the way we think about Africa.’’ Reiterates Howard French, associate professor at Columbia’s school of journalism.

It is an unsurprising tragedy that a country so accustomed to conflict but so abundant in resources, devoid of an effective government is in such a perilous situation. A leaked UN report of Obama’s investigations in Congo, refers to Rwanda as carrying out 'crimes against humanity, war crimes or even genocide in DRC'. As of yet, as is typical in these situations - action on these findings is yet to be seen. In the meantime, what has been called ‘Africa’s world war’ will rage on and lives will be both taken and ruined, in thousands; as their hopes dwindle of the world ever waking up.

Get the UN out of Congo, give the money to Malawi

Source: NTV (Blog)

By Charles Onyango Obbo

8 March 2015 - The UN Security Council will renew the UN mission in the strife-torn Democratic Republic of Congo, Council president Francois Delattre, France’s permanent representative to UN who holds the rotating council presidency for March, said on Tuesday. However, Delattre said, the UN Secretariat has proposed “a drawdown of more than 2,000 troops” from the UN mission for DRC, Monusco’s current 20,000 personnel; the intention is to make the peacekeeping operation more mobile. What Delattre didn’t add is that Monusco is also currently the most expensive UN mission, eating up an eye-watering $1.53 billion a year. And after nearly 15 years, its achievements in DRC have been modest at best. There are those who argue Monusco has become a corrupt food fest. Others say it lacks the political will to put the hammer down, except for the one time it did so with the M23 rebels. But there is a view that even with the best intentions, the mission was destined to fail. Commentators who are jaded by the conflicts in Central Africa and places like South Sudan, Uganda editor Andrew

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Mwenda being one of them, argue that these peacekeeping missions and negotiations to create power-sharing governments, many times only prolong a bad ending. That these conflicts should be left to play out, until a clear winner whose claim to the crown is not disputed — like Yoweri Museveni and his National Resistance Movement in 1986, and Paul Kagame and the Rwanda Patriotic Front in 1994. That wars that are stopped by a referee, like in South Sudan, DRC, and CAR, lead to too many claimants to the throne hanging around, and the leader without the authority to knock heads together and restore order, because he didn’t get to the top through his own sweat. It usually isn’t long before the war resumes. However, that is something the world is not about to accept. But there is something else it can begin to look at. Monusco’s budget, as we already noted, is $1.53 billion a year. The DRC’s annual budget is nearly $8.3 billion. Failing to stabilise eastern DRC, therefore burns up the equivalent of nearly 19 per cent of the country’s budget. There are many peaceful, reasonably governed countries in Africa that don’t even get 10 per cent of what is spent on Monusco in a year. So, we have a moral hazard. Countries basically get big money for bad behaviour, and the good ones are punished. Why doesn’t the UN try two things: First, get the $1.53 billion and give it to Cape Verde or even Malawi and wait and see. They may well perform miracles with it. The idea is to get thugs in places like eastern Congo to envy nations that are flourishing, and change their ways. The second would be to take the money and give it as cash handouts to the people of eastern DRC. The warlords may want to establish peace and steal the money indirectly through regular state taxes. Or the people may now have so much at stake, they will rise up against the militias and crooks in the east and take back their country. We can’t be sure it will work, but we can be sure nothing will come out of continuing to sink the money into things like Monusco.

Charles Onyango-Obbo is editor of Mail & Guardian Africa (mgafrica.com) Twitter: @cobbo3

Offensive de l'armée congolaise contre les FDLR: un bilan à nuancer

Par RFI

Le bilan est toujours aussi controversé après presq ue deux semaines d'offensive contre Forces démocratiques de libération du Rwanda dans l'est de la République démocratique du Congo. Le porte-parole de l'armée c ongolaise fait état de progrès importants, mais ce bilan semble à nuancer.

9 mars 2015 - Le porte-parole des forces armées de RDC (FARDC) affirme que l’armée a repris au moins sept localités du Nord et Sud-Kivu au cours du week-end, récupéré

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d'importantes quantités de munitions et du matériel de combat, et neutralisé 180 miliciens (118 auraient été capturés dont 37 pour ce seul dimanche 8 mars).

« Dire que l’armée récupère quelques localités oui, mais parler de victoire militaire, c'est aller trop loin », estime un observateur de terrain. Selon lui, les récentes avancées de l’armée congolaise sont davantage symboliques qu’autre chose. Car la plupart du temps, rapportent plusieurs sources, les FDLR désertent dès les premiers coups de feu, pour aller se retrancher en forêt. Puis quelques jours plus tard, « tout est à refaire ».

Petites unités mobiles

Les rebelles hutus rwandais avaient prévenu qu’ils ne combattraient pas, rappelle un expert. « Se sachant affaiblis, ils ont choisi la technique du repli », assure-t-il. Des rebelles constitués pour l'essentiel en petites unités mobiles et habitués à se camoufler au sein de la population. Résultat : de jour en jour, le problème se déplace, mais certains doutent de l'efficacité sur le long terme, et affirment qu’au fond les capacités opérationnelles des rebelles ne seraient pas véritablement affectées.

Voilà pour la situation de terrain. Quant au bilan humain fourni par l'armée. Il suscite également des réserves. Parmi les 118 prisonniers revendiqués à ce jour, tous ont-ils été arrêtés pendant cette offensive ? Certains affirment, à Goma, qu'une partie d'entre eux s'étaient déjà rendus. Hier soir, l'armée congolaise n'était pas en mesure de préciser combien, parmi les rebelles aux arrêts, exerçaient des responsabilités au sein des FDLR.

Congo-Kinshasa: Nord-Kivu - 22 militaires condamnés à de lourdes peines pour meurtres, vols et viols

Source: Radio Okapi

De lourdes peines ont été prononcées contre 22 mili taires samedi 7 mars par le tribunal militaire garnison de Goma (Nord-Kivu) sié geant en chambre foraine à Kitshanga. Ils ont été reconnus coupables de meurtr e, viol, vol à mains armés, détention illégale d'armes et de munitions de guerr e, participation aux mouvements insurrectionnels et arrestations arbitra ires.

8 mars 2015 - Deux militaires ont été condamnés à perpétuité, pour meurtre. Trois autres ont écopé de la peine de mort pour extorsions et vols à mains armées.

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Dix-sept autres prévenus ont écopé des peines allant de 7 à 20 ans de prison. Ils sont également condamnés à payer des dommages et intérêts. Deux autres militaires poursuivis dans la même affaire ont été acquittés, faute de preuves.

Par ailleurs, le tribunal militaire s'est déclaré incompétent pour juger le dossier d'un mineur, accusé de détention illégale d'armes.

Les habitants de Kitshanga, qui ont suivi ces audiences, se sont félicités du travail de la justice. Ils demandent que ces condamnés purgent réellement leurs peines.

Les audiences foraines (hors de palais de justice), qui ont duré 20 jours, ont été organisées avec l'appui du Pnud, de la Monusco et de l'Association du barreau américain (ABA).

Congo : le parti au pouvoir réitère la nécessité de changer la Constitution

Source: VOA

Par Emmanuel Badibanga

Le parti du président Denis Sassous Nguesso, le Par ti Congolais du Travail, au pouvoir, a évoqué vendredi la nécessité de changer la Constitution. Mais l'opposition dénonce l'intention de tricher de la p art du pouvoir.

9 mars 2015 - « La constitution de 2002, qui limite le nombre de mandats présidentiels à deux et l'âge limite des candidats à 70 ans, a fait son temps » estime Pierre Ngolo, secrétaire général du PCT, cité par l’AFP.

L'opposition soupçonne le parti congolais du travail de chercher ainsi à offrir au président Denis Sassou Nguesso la possibilité de se représenter à l’approche des élections en 2016.

Belges et Néerlandais tombent d’accord pour partage r une même ambassade à Kinshasa

Source: L'Avenir via DigitalCongo.net

Une première dans la coopération avec la RDC, les p ays du Benelux vont partager une même ambassade à Kinshasa dont la pose de la première pierre

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s’est effectué au nom du ministre Didier Reynders e n présence du ministre congolais des Affaires étrangères Raymond Tshibanda .

7 mars 2015 - Le mardi 26 août 2014, dans le cadre du raffermissement de la coopération belgo-congolaise, était lancé, à Kinshasa, la construction d’une nouvelle chancellerie BENELUX. Au nom de Didier Reynders, Vice-premier ministre et ministre des Affaires étrangères du Royaume de Belgique, le ministre d’Etat Armand De Decker avait participé, en présence de Raymond Tshibanda, ministre congolais de Coopération, à la cérémonie de pose de la première pierre.

Cette grande première dans le monde est un signal fort qui rappelle l’excellence des relations entre Kinshasa et Bruxelles, le Royaume de Belgique soutenant les efforts de démocratisation et de modernisation de la Rd Congo, contrairement aux constructeurs de containers. Les choses ont bien évolué, à en croire Belga. Les gouvernements belge et néerlandais ont assisté, le mercredi 4 mars à un conseil des ministres commun à La Haye. Le but est de renforcer leur collaboration dans de nombreux domaines et en particulier la lutte contre la radicalisation, la surveillance de l’espace aérien, l’intervention d’hélicoptères pour lutter contre des incendies et le partage d’une ambassade à Kinshasa.

C’est la troisième fois que les deux gouvernements, presque au complet, se réunissent. Certains en avaient clairement envie : « c’est toujours agréable de venir aux Pays-Bas », a commenté le ministre de l’Emploi, Kris Peeters, tandis que son collègue Koen Geens de la Justice parlait d’une « journée entière de chouettes négociations avec des collègues charmants ».

Dans leur discours d’accueil aussi, les deux chefs de gouvernement, Mark Rutte et Charles Michel, ont souligné la bonne collaboration entre les deux pays. « C’est particulièrement positif que nous donnions un second souffle à cette tradition », a estimé M. Rutte. M. Michel a quant à lui fait référence au sommet Benelux qui se tiendra en avril à Bruxelles. Tant le ministre de la Justice que son collègue de l’Intérieur, Jan Jambon, ont mis en avant la lutte contre le radicalisme, dans les thèmes de discussion. « C’est un thème qui occupe tout le monde en Europe occidentale. Tout le monde est en train de renforcer sa législation. Ils sont occupés sur certaines choses, nous sommes occupés sur certaines choses. C’est bien que nous ayons un échange de vue à ce sujet », a souligné Jan Jambon.

Les ministres de la Défense vont également signer un traité sur la défense de l’espace aérien au-dessus du Benelux. Le ministre de l’Emploi évoquera la mobilité des travailleurs entre les deux pays, tandis que la Belgique et les Pays-Bas se mettront

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également d’accord sur le partage de l’ambassade à Kinshasa, la capitale de la République démocratique du Congo (RDC).

Kinshasa : ouverture du procès d’un citoyen belge a ccusé de viol sur mineures

Source: AFP / MCN, via mediacongo.net

Kinshasa, 7 mars 2015 - Le procès d’un ressortissant belge accusé de viol sur mineures de la République démocratique du Congo (RDC), Francis Delise, s’est ouvert vendredi 6 mars à Kinshasa, a-t-on appris de source officielle.

«Le procès s’est ouvert ce vendredi au tribunal de grande instance» de la Gombe à Kinshasa, a indiqué à l’AFP, sous le couvert de l’anonymat, une source au ministère congolais du Genre, de la Famille et de l’Enfant.

«La prochaine audience de son procès est fixée au 20 mars» et, en attendant, «il est détenu à Makala», la grande prison de Kinshasa, a-t-elle précisé.

M. Delise, âgé de 74 ans, est accusé de viol sur deux jeunes Congolaises de 11 et 13 ans.

Selon la police congolaise, M. Delise est père de trois enfants et divorcé, et il est en séjour irrégulier en RDC depuis 2011.

En vertu de la loi congolaise, M. BDelise encourt cinq à vingt ans de prison si les faits qui lui sont reprochés sont avérés.

À Bruxelles, le Service public fédéral (SPF) Affaires étrangères avait confirmé l’arrestation mardi d’un ressortissant belge sous l’accusation de fait de mœurs.

«L’ambassade lui fournit une assistance consulaire. Des représentants de l’ambassade lui ont aussi rendu visite et un avocat pro deo lui a été trouvé», avait précisé un porte-parole du département à l’agence Belga.

Viols en RDC: les officiers de police formés pour a ider les victimes

Par RFI

8 mars 2015 - Selon le PNUD (programme des Nations unies pour le développement), au moins quarante femmes ou fillettes sont violées chaque jour en République

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démocratique du Congo et ce, dans une quasi-impunité. Dans le cadre de son programme d’appui au gouvernement congolais pour lutter contre les violences sexuelles, le PNUD a initié un programme de formation à destination des officiers de police judiciaire. La première session, dans l’est de la RDC, vient de s’achever.

Objectif : donner à la RDC les moyens de faire face au fléau du viol et lutter contre l'impunité. Pour y parvenir, il s'agit de mettre la victime en confiance, de travailler en équipe, de bien évaluer la qualité d’une preuve et de transmettre le dossier le plus rapidement possible à la justice. Voilà quelques-uns des enseignements délivrés au cours de cette formation.

Ces dernières années, des unités spécialisées contre les violences sexuelles ont vu le jour dans l’est de la RDC, mais trouver du personnel qualifié est difficile. Le commandant David Bodeli est formateur et dirige ces unités pour le Sud-Kivu. Selon lui, la formation des officiers de police est primordiale : « Malheureusement, cela arrive que les victimes ne soient pas mises en confiance, qu'elles se replient. Les enquêtes ne sont pas bien menées, les victimes sont exposées à leurs bourreaux, donc ce n’est pas normal qu’on continue de recevoir les victimes par des personnes qui n’ont pas été formées. »

Les officiers de police sont en première ligne dans le parcours des victimes qui souhaitent obtenir réparation. Actuellement, l'immense majorité d'entre elles renoncent et une infime partie des cas portés devant les tribunaux aboutissent à des condamnations. Masiala Mulahuko s'occupe de ce programme de formation pour le PNUD. « Il y a également, il faut le dire, un problème de confiance dans le système judiciaire lui-même, relate-t-il. Il y a tout un nombre de lacunes qui font que la communauté n’a pas toujours confiance en la justice. » Pour tenter de briser le cercle de la méfiance et du silence, le PNUD forme également des magistrats militaires et civils, et accompagne certaines victimes dans leur parcours judiciaire.

Centrafrique: la France réduit ses effectifs

Source: Cameroon Tribune

Par Sainclair MEZING

9 mars 2015 - 300 soldats de l’opération Sangaris vont bientôt regagner l’Hexagone pour laisser place aux Casques bleus dont le nombre sera revu à la hausse.

L’opération militaire française Sangaris déployée en République centrafricaine, forte de 2000 soldats, devra connaître d’ici quelques semaines une cure d’amaigrissement.

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Quelque 300 hommes devront retourner au pays. Une décision qui rentre en droite ligne de la mesure prise en décembre dernier par les autorités françaises visant à procéder à un dégraissage des effectifs de ladite opération. A en croire l’état-major de l’armée française, les 1700 soldats restants feront l’objet d’un nouveau redéploiement et d’une réorganisation territoriale. «Nous allons franchir dans les jours à venir un premier palier de décroissance, en passant à 1 700 hommes. Ce qui entraîne un redéploiement des unités sur le terrain, de Bangui à Bambari, et de Kagabandoro à Ndélé», explique le colonel Gilles Jarron, le porte-parole de Sangaris.

Avec l’arrivée en décembre 2014 d’hélicoptères d’attaques «Tigre» et de drones d’observation, la capacité de réaction des troupes françaises reste inébranlable malgré la réduction annoncée des effectifs. Pour sa part, la force européenne, Eufor, change de mission. Dotée de 60 experts et formateurs contre 700 militaires, elle devra désormais s’employer à la remise à niveau des Forces armées centrafricaines (FACA) au cours des douze prochains mois. De son côté, la Mission multidimensionnelle intégrée des Nations unies pour la stabilisation en Centrafrique (MINUSCA) qui compte aujourd’hui 8 500 casques bleus sur le terrain, devra revoir ses effectifs passés à 12 000 hommes pour renforcer la sécurité avant la période électorale prévue entre juillet et août 2015. Même si la situation sécuritaire s’est stabilisée à travers le pays avec des attaques sporadiques. Le dernier incident malheureux en date étant celui du 10 février dernier au cours duquel 7 personnes ont trouvé la mort dans des affrontements ayant apposé des troupes de la MINUSCA et des rebelles de l’ex-Séléka à Bria.