OSHA Individual Report

8/8/2019 OSHA Individual Report

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1. OSHAOccupational health and safety is a cross-disciplinary area concerned with protecting the

safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. The goal of all

occupational health and safety programs is to foster a safe work environment. As a secondary

effect, it may also protect co-workers, family members, employers, customers, suppliers, nearby

communities, and other members of the public who are impacted by the workplace environment.

It may involve interactions among many subject areas, including occupational medicine,

occupational (or industrial) hygiene, public health, safety engineering, chemistry, health physics.

The role of OSHA is to assume the safety and health of worker by setting and enforcing

standards which is providing training, outreach, education, establishing partnership and

encouraging continual improvement in workplace safety and health.

In general, OSHA requires employers to:

y Allow OSHA inspections without notice or as a result of an employee complaint.y Provide workers with information on OSHA protection, through workplace posters and

other notifications.

y Provide workers with information on identifying hazardous substances in the workplace

and training on how to treat injuries from these substances.

y Provide workers with information on first aid procedures, and protection against blood-borne pathogens in the workplace.

y Provide workers with training on how to deal with fires and other emergencies.

2. SafetyWhat is safety? Safety is a freedom from whatever exposes one to danger or from

liability to cause danger or harm; safeness; hence, the quality of making safe or secure, or of

giving confidence, justifying trust, insuring against harm or loss, etc.

3. Accident and Incident


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An accident is a specific, unexpected, unusual and unintended external action which

occurs in a particular time and place, with no apparent and deliberate cause but with marked

effects. It implies a generally negative outcome which may have been avoided or prevented had

circumstances leading up to the accident been recognized, and acted upon, prior to its occurrence.

Incident is some event or situations that occurred usually minor and bring fear to people

for example dangerous occurrence.

4. RiskRisk is a chance or probability of harm which is actually happening or frequency of

occurrence and its impact.

4.1. Carrying Out a Risk AssessmentRisk assessment of a construction site is a pain staking process with so many things to

consider and so many pieces of legislation to comply with but here is just a range of some of the

more important things to consider, based on some of the areas which have probably contributed

to the most injuries and deaths within the industry over the past quarter of a century.

5. Harm and dangerHarm can defined as the adverse effect which may arise from exposure to hazard. While

for danger, danger is a relative exposure to hazards for example, controlled hazard is less

dangerous than an uncontrolled one. This is also one type or sign of risk.

Safety

Danger

Risk

Time


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6. HazardHazard is anything (by itself or interacting with others) that is an actual or potential cause

or source of harm. Hazard could mean activities, arrangement, circumstance, event, occurrence,

process, phenomenon, situation, or substances for example electricity, chemical reagent and

radioactive.

6.1. Hazards to construction workersThe leading safety hazards on site are falls from height, motor vehicle crashes,

excavation accidents, electrocution, machines, and being struck by falling objects. Some of the

main health hazards on site are asbestos, solvents, noise, and manual handling activities.

Falls from heights is the leading cause of injury in the construction industry. In the

OSHA Handbook , fall protection is needed in areas and activities that include, but are not

limited to: ramps, runways, and other walkways; excavations; hoist areas; holes; formwork;

leading edge work; unprotected sides and edges; overhand bricklaying and related work; roofing;

precast erection; wall openings; residential construction; and other walking/working surfaces.

The height limit where fall protection is required is 6 feet from the lower level. Protection

is also required when the employee is at risk to falling onto dangerous equipment.

Fall protection can be provided by guardrail systems, safety net systems, personal fall

arrest systems, positioning device systems, and warning line systems.

All employees should be trained to understand the proper way to use these systems and to

identify hazards. The employee or employer will be responsible for providing fall protection

systems and to ensure the use of these systems.

6.2.Hazard identificationLook for hazard that could reasonably be expected to cause significant harm.

y Check listy Walk through surveyy Brainstorming sessiony Systematic studies


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y Signagesy Observation & comparison

Common workplace of hazard and injuries:

y Slips, trips and fallsy Strains and sprainsy Chemical exposurey Burns and cutsy Eye injuriesy Hearing lossy Motor vehicle crashesy Electrocutiony Machinery malfunctions

7. Safety signageSafety signage is a system of safety colors and sign which is to draw attention to objects

and situation, which effect or could affect health or safety.

Colour Meaning Contrasting Colour Symbol Colour

Red Stop / Prohibition White Black

YellowWarning / Caution /

Risk / DangerBlack Black

Blue Mandatory White White

Green Safe condition White White

Documents

OSHA Individual Report