1529ENDOCARDITIS AND MULTIPLE NEURITIS.

were found in the stools ; they were about 12 li. to 20 µ in

diameter, exhibited active movements, and consisted of well-marked " endoplasma " and "ectoplasma. " Red corpuscleswere frequently seen within them. The first case was that of aman who had suffered from the above-named symptoms formany years and had recently developed the complaint inPalermo. Calomel was administered, and the amœbæ dis-

appeared temporarily from the stools, but soon reappeared.The amœbæ seemed to be encysted and showed very clearoutlines. Dr. Quincke injected some of the organisms into therecta of cats, and in several instances a typical enteritis wasthe result. Eight of the animals died. The large intestine onlywas affected. The mucous membrane was hyperasmic and muchswollen, there were some necrotic portions, and a few ulcershad formed. When the amcebse were introduced through themouth of the animals the results were negative. The second

patient had never been out of Germany. The amoebae were

larger, their movements less active, and the granules weremore marked; no red blood-corpuscles were found in them,buttbe organisms were encysted. Cats appeared to be immuneagainst this variety, as when similar experiments were madeno enteritis resulted. Dr. Quincke states that he has occa-sionally (nine times) found the amcebas in the stools of

healthy persons, but they were always scanty and wereharmless to animals. He speaks highly of the use of calomelin the more severe forms of the disease.

DEATH OF MRS. ERICHSEN.

THE news of the death of Mrs. Erichsen will cause a pangof very genuine regret to many of our readers, who will

deeply sympathise with Professor Erichsen in his irreparableloss. During the whole of his long and honourable pro-fessional career Professor Erichsen has been accustomedto dispense a lavish hospitality and to welcome to his

house a large number of his professional brethren, bothBritish and foreign. None who have partaken of his

hospitality are likely to forget the winning and gracefulkindness of their hostess, who was rarely absent on suchoccasions, and who was ever ready to welcome the pro-fessional friends of her husband and to entertain them

with rare graciousness and a never-failing flow of kindnessand merriment. Mrs. Erichsen had been in failing healthfor some time, and her end, though somewhat sudden at thelast, was by no means unexpected. The funeral took placeat the Hampstead cemetery on the 12th inst., and the largeassembly of professional friends who met to express sympathywith Professor Erichsen and to pay a last tribute of respectto the deceased was a certain indication of the high esteemin which both were held. Among those who were present(in addition to many private friends) were Sir Richard

Quain, Sir Alfred Garrod, Sir Henry Thompson, Dr. Hare,Dr. Ringer, Mr. Christopher Heath, Dr. W. Rickards, Mr.

W. A. Meredith, Mr. A. Pearce Gould, Dr. Poore, Mr. Barker,and Dr. F. T. Roberts. Many others who were unable toattend sent their carriages, and the funeral cortége was ofexceptional length. ____

ENDOCARDITIS AND MULTIPLE NEURITIS.

IN the Boston Medical and Surgical Journal there is a shortvésume of a paper communicated to the recent meeting ofthe American Neurological Association by Drs. Lloyd andRiesman of Philadelphia on this subject. The first case

recorded was that of a man who was admitted to hospitalwith a history of having suffered from a low kind of feverfor three months. This was complicated with what was’evidently an irregularly distributed inflammation of thenerves. There was an aortic murmur, and later a purpuric rashappeared. It was concluded that the condition was one ofalcerative endocarditis, with a secondary septicasmic neuritis.t the necropsy very large vegetations were found on the

aortic valves and sections of different nerves in the areasaffected showed the presence of neuritis. There was also

slight sclerosis in the posterior region of the cord. In thesecond case there was ulcerative endocarditis present, withmultiple secondary abscesses in the brain, an embolus in theleft brachial artery and an infarct in the kidney. That therewas neuritis in this case is not stated, and we hope that afuller account both of this and of the case first referred to-a case of a peculiarly important character-than is furnishedin the report of the proceedings in the journal alluded towill be available. Any carefully observed cases which addto our knowledge, whether clinical or pathological, of multipleneuritis are at this juncture peculiarly important.

A PARLIAMENTARY MEDICAL SERVICE.

THE diabolical outrage at the Chambre des Deputes has beenfollowed by something like a scare in the Continental Legis-latures, with the result of putting en evidence a functionarywhose existence was hardly even suspected, but of whoseusefulness there seems, in the said Legislatures, to be a livelyappreciation. The functionary in question is the medicalattaché of the Corps Législatif, Camera dei Deputati, Diet,Reichstag, or whatever other name European Parliaments areknown by. He was promptly in attendance on Saturday, the9thinst., in the French Chamber, and with or without assistancerendered admirable service in treating the injured deputies,calming their minds, allaying panic, and, in a word, restoringthe house to the temper befitting the law makers of thenation. Already we hear that the same functionary hasbeen called into requisition in other legislative bodies witha view to his having all his resources available should

the French attentat have its imitations, From Rome it

is announced that il Dottore Cernelli, medico della Camera,si recò a Monte Citorio a visitare minutamente la Farmaciadella Camera e gli apparecchi di chirurgia" (Dr. Cernelli,medical officer of the Chamber of Deputies, repaired toMonte Citorio, to inspect minutely the dispensary and thesurgical armentarium attached to the house). The anarchistmovement has undoubtedly reached a stage on the Con-tinent which puts their Legislatures on the watch and pre-scribes the promptest and most effective means of remedyingthe cruel injuries which anarchist warfare is calculated toinflict. Short of actual prevention of these outrages,the employment of a sufficient corps of medical officersis about the best safeguard a Continental Parliamentcould adopt. It robs an explosion of much of its terrorsand its projectors of their savage confidence in its efficiency.One motive the less is thus afforded the bomb-manipulatorfor his inhuman practice, in which repeated failure or

disappointingly ineffective results cannot but reinforce thedeterrent influence of the swift and summary retribution ofthe law.

____

OSTEOMYELITIS AFTER TYPHOID FEVER.

IN the course of a paper on the Sequelæ of Typhoid FeverDrs. Widal and Chantemesse draw special attention to theoccurrence of cold abscesses and osteomyelitis. The former

they consider are caused sometimes by ordinary septicorganisms, but sometimes are specific, being due to the patho-genic bacilli of typhoid fever. With regard to osteomyelitis,they remark as follows : the bacillus of typhoid fever,after causing the primary disease, may give rise to chroniclocal affections, which are apyretic and produce no constitutional manifestations ; they may last for long periods andclosely resemble the bony lesions due to tuberculosis, for theosseous tissue is that most commonly attacked. The age ofthe patient and the character of the primary disease are themost important etiological factors. As a rule young adults

1 L’Union Médicale. Nov. 28th, 1893.

1530 THE LATE PROFESSOR TYNDALL.

suffer most, although occasionally the condition is seen in

patients of a more advanced age. Osteomyelitis is most

frequently seen at the end of an attack of enteric fever whichhas been unusually prolonged and is generally not noticeduntil convalescence has been well established. The tibia is

the bone most often affected (twelve times out of fourteencases), but other bones may be separately or contempo-raneously attacked with the tibia. The lesion is nearly alwayssituated at the surface of the bone, the two foci of electionbeing the deeper layers of the periosteum and the compacttissue of the diaphysis. The exostoses may exist for a longtime without causing suppuration, but occasionally a largequantity of pus collects. There is always a considerableamount of pain, especially at the onset of the malady. In

some cases a simple incision over the swelling is sufficient toeffect a cure, but more often a fistula continues for some

time, and in such cases an operation for removal of deadbone has to be performed before complete healing will takeplace. The prognosis after suppuration has occurred seemsto be invariably good even when the lesions are multiple.

METROPOLITAN HOSPITAL SUNDAY FUND.

THE annual general meeting of the constituents of thisfund will be held in the Egyptian Hall of the Mansion House,E C., on Tuesday, Dec. 19th, at 3 P.M. The business of the

meeting will be : (1) to receive the report of the council forthe year 1893 ; (2) to elect the council for the year 1894 ;(3) to determine the date of next Hospital Sunday ; and (4)to transact annual general business.

FOREIGN UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE.

Vienna.-Dr. Stellwag von Carion, the doyen of Germanophthalmologists, proposes to retire from his professorship atthe termination of the current semester. Drs. Kaposi andNeumann, who have for many years been ExtraordinaryProfessors of Dermatology and Syphilis, have been raised tothe rank of Ordinary Professor. Some excitement has beencaused amongst the students by the alleged severity of theexaminations in midwifery, though it is stated that only13 per cent. of the candidates were rejected. Complaintsare made that the number of students in the two obstetricclinics is too great, and it is hoped that a third clinic may beestablished for them, whilst it is expected that two sessions’attendance on this subject will be required instead of one onlyas at present. -

DEATHS OF EMINENT FOREIGN MEDICAL MEN.

THE deaths of the following distinguished members of

the medical profession abroad have been announced :-Dr.Peter Antonovich Spiro, Professor of Physiology in the

University of Odessa, at the age of forty-nine.-Dr. V. J.

Persidski, a Moscow physician of great repute in children’sdiseases.-Dr. Eugenio Rivera y Reina, Professor of GeneralPathology in Cadiz.

LAST week’s issue of our contemporary the MünchenerMedicinische Wochenschrift contained a full biographicalsketch of the late Sir Andrew Clark from the pen of Dr.Hermann Weber. A poitrait of the English physician wasalso issued with the journal.

AT a meeting of the Election Committee of the MiddlesexHospital on Dec. 14th Mr. C. E. Leopold B. Hudson,F. R C S., was elected Aural Surgeon in the place of Mr.Arthur Hensman, deceased.

THE editor of the Russian Grazhdanin has been sentencedto ten days’ imprisonment for defamation of military surgeons.

THE LATE PROFESSOR TYNDALL.

PROFESSOR JOHN TYNDALL, whose death, in the fulness o

years, we had occasion to note in THE LANCET of last week,’

was descended from a family who, at the close of the seven.‘

teenth century, made cloth and possessed mills in the dales ofGloucestershire. It is by no means improbable that he wasconnected, as he himself thought, with William Tyndale, 01]

’ Tindall, who gave the English people the first translation of’ the Bible, and whose body was burnt, perhaps recognisirg in’ the old divine some kindred points of character to himself in! his energy, strong will, and love of truth for truth’s sake.. However this may be, the forefathers of John Tyndall left

the fertile vales of Gloucestershire about two centuries ago tc-settle in the plains of Carlow. The branch of the family tc

’ which he belonged does not appear to have prospered, but:! became small trade-men, residing in the little village of

Leighlin Bridge, on the Barrow, near Carlow. He wa,,

born in 1820, and when a boy was fond of athletics, andproved himself to be an expert climber, a good swimmer,and a swift runner, and he could hold his own in a fdirfight. In after years he distinguished himself as an

Alpine climber, and was the first to scale the Weisshorn.His father, recognising the value of education in the fight,.for life, sent him, for a time at least, to the Kildare-street,Schools at Belfast, where he remained till he was eighteen,years of age, and where he had the father of Sir Wm.Thompson, who was then professor of mathematics in theBelfast institution, as a teacher, and he long afterwardsremembered that even at this early period he was deeplyinterested in an account he read of Davy’s researches onradiant heat His first serious attention to study was undera clever teacher of a National School named John Conwill,with whom he mastered Euclid, some algebra, conic sections,,and plain trigonometry. On leaving school in 1839 he,attached himself as civil assistant to a division of theOrdnance Survey, where for five years he had the opportunityof learning exactitude in making observations and accuracyin recording them under the able supervision of the late.General George Wynne, R E. As it seemed to be likely that hewould become a civil engineer, the next four years of his lifewere occupied with work on railways. His work here wasvery severe.

In 1847, an opening having presented itself at Queenwocd’College, he accepted it, and became associated with the dis-tinguished chem st, Dr. Edward Frankland. In the following-year he joined Dr. Frankland in an expedition to Marburg in,Hessen-Cassel, studying chemistry under Bunsen and physicswith Knoblauch. Here, while working hard, he found timeto supply English readers with an excellent translation orClamin’s memoir, "On the Moving Force of Heat." In1851, leaving Marburg, he went to Berlin to study underProfessor Magnus, and here it was that Dr. Da Bois.

Reymond one day placed in his hands a pamphlet, with.the remark that it was the production of the first head in

Europe since the death of Jacobi, and was deserving oftranslation into English. It was " Die Erhalturg der Kraft,’"or "The Conservation of Force," of Helmholtz, a work thathas had far-reaching issues. The first original investigations.undertaken by Tyndall were made during his German student-life, and his graduation thesis was a mathematical dissertationon Screw Surfaces His first physical paper was on thePhenomena of a Water jet, and it is not surprising that withBunsen and Magnus as his teachers he proceeded to investigatethe relations of simple and compound gases and vapours tc.radiant heat. Returning to England he tells us thatin 1850 he stood with one of the papers he had written inconjunction with Knoblauch for the first time in the brightpresence of Faraday, whose life he long afterwards wrote.In the following year he became attached to the Royal’Institution. In 1852 he was elected at the comparativelyearly age of thirty-two a Fellow of the Royal Society. In

February, 1853, he gave his first Friday evening lecture atthe invitation of Dr. Bence Jones, and three months aftcr-wards, on the motion of Faraday, the old chair of NaturalPhilosophy, which had been filled at the beginning of thecentury by Thomas Young, was revived, and Tyndall, also.on the motion of Faraday, was elected to fill it. Thiswas probably a turning point in Tyndall’s career, for Pro-fessor Huxley, in his autobiography, informs us that in thecourse of this year both he and Professor Tyndall were un-successful candidates, he for the chair of Natural History."