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OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion B. Causes of Mutation C. Consequences of Mutation 1. Beneficial 2. Neutral 3. Deleterious 4. Lethal 5. Heritable D. Frequency of Mutations E. Examples F. Chromosomal abnormalities 1. Chromosome breakage 2. Aneuploidy and non-disjunction

OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

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OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion B. Causes of Mutation C. Consequences of Mutation 1. Beneficial 2. Neutral 3. Deleterious 4. Lethal 5. Heritable D. Frequency of Mutations E. Examples F. Chromosomal abnormalities - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

OUTLINE 17VII. MutationA. Point Mutations

1. Substitution2. Insertion3. Deletion

B. Causes of MutationC. Consequences of Mutation

1. Beneficial2. Neutral3. Deleterious4. Lethal5. Heritable

D. Frequency of MutationsE. ExamplesF. Chromosomal abnormalities

1. Chromosome breakage2. Aneuploidy and non-disjunction

Page 2: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

Phenotypic plasticity in Daphnia

Predator absentPredator present

Page 3: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

Crayfish predator Sunfish predator

Snail prey

Page 4: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

A snail raised with fish

A full sib raised with crayfish

Phenotypic plasticity in shell morphology in Physis

Page 5: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

Page 6: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

Page 7: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

The genetic code

Page 8: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

THE BIG CAT ATE THE RED EGG

THB IGC ATA TET HER EDE GG. …

Consequences of a frame shift mutation:

Page 9: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

X

PKU disease - an autosomal recessive trait

Page 10: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

Albinism

Page 11: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

Sickle cell Normal red blood cell

Sickle cell anemia: an autosomal co-dominant

Page 12: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

Page 13: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

Fig. 15.11: Non-disjunction leading to aneuploid gametes

Page 14: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

Page 15: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

Page 16: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

Turner’s syndrome XO

Page 17: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

Klinefelter’s syndrome XXY

Page 18: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

XYY Male

Page 19: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

Cri du chat

Page 20: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

Page 21: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

Attached earlobe Free earlobe

= male

= female

Fig 14.14 Use of pedigree analysis

= attached

ff

ff

ff

ff ffFf

Ff

FfORFF

Ff

Page 22: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

Sex chromatin: Barr body

Page 23: OUTLINE 17 VII. Mutation A. Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion 3. Deletion

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