Outlining the Work Proposal (part one): Describing the Project Background

8/14/2019 Outlining the Work Proposal (part one): Describing the Project Background

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Outlining the Work Proposal (part one):Describing the Project Background

( ):

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Outlining the project background for your

work or research proposal( ):

comprises the following parts:

Setting of work proposal :? ?

Work problem :?


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Quantitative specification of problem :

? Importance of problem :

,?


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Setting of work proposal :What is the topic of interest that your work proposal is

concerned with? Can you point the reader of your work proposal to the general area which you are concernedwith?

?? Consider the following examples:


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A decision-making environment is increasingly complex. Consumer demand on the water supply in southern Taiwan

has significantly increased in recent years owing to population and industrial growth, as well as elevated livingstandards.

Statistical approaches such as scored methods areextensively used to optimize the process parameters ofordered categorical responses.

Process quality and delivery time have received increasingemphasis in industry.


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Process capability index is a highly effectivemeans of evaluating process performance.

Enterprises trade with each other by carefullyconsidering business ratings to reduce investmentrisks.

An increasing number of wafer fabs use a control

chart to detect assignable causes, making itextremely difficult for engineers to effectivelycontrol the wafer process.


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Predicting the amount of residuals in ground watercontaminants has been extensively studied.

Owing to their lowest density among all metallicstructural materials, magnesium alloys are highly

promising for their diverse use in the automotive,railway, aerospace, computer, communicationsand consumer electronics industries.


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Work problem :What is the problem that you are trying either tosolve or more thoroughly understand in the work

proposal?

?


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Conventional evaluation models are concernedonly with economic factors and neglect factors

that can not be evaluated by money.

Although the reservoir supply in southern Taiwancan satisfy the current water demand, increasingdemands will soon surpass the reservoirscapabilities.


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These methods inaccurately estimate thedispersion effect, thereby confounding the location

effect and dispersion effect.

Conventional process capability indices(PCIs) areunable not only to objectively assess quality anddelivery time, but also to identify how PCIs andyield rate are related.


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Conventional process capability indices can not measure anon-normal distribution process accurately.

Conventional mathematic models have difficulty indiscriminating between multiple ranks.

Conventional control charts are designed for manufacturingsystems with only one source of variation, making itimpossible to control several independent sources of variation.

These alloys have a low formability near room temperatureand are more expensive than plastics, aluminum, steel andcast iron.


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Quantitative specification of problem:

How can you quantitatively define the problemso that the reader understands the quantitativelimitations of previous efforts to solve this

problem?

?


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Consider the following examples:

A prediction accuracy of only 60% amongdeparted models

The inability to measure a non-normal distribution process accurately

An error rate exceeding 20%


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A situation in which the formability near roomtemperature does not reach 20% elongation

Increasing the evaporation speed by 1% increasesthe resistance by 5%

The failure to understand precisely whichmicroscopic features form a particular phasetopology


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Importance of problem :If the problem remains unsolved or not

thoroughly understood, how will this negativelyimpact the reader of your work proposal?

,?


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Conventional models may cause decision makersto select an inappropriate scheme.

The lack of an effective water distributed strategyfor current reservoirs will lead to frequent watershortages in southern Taiwan.


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Implementing those methods leads to aninaccurate optimal level combination of process

parameters.

The lack of an objective procedure leads toinefficiency and a high overhead cost.


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This surging demand will lead to the increaseddrilling of new wells to locate

groundwater resources, which is extremelyexpensive. Using such charts often leads to ineffective and

futile searches for assignable causes, thus expending

a considerable amount of manpower and capital.


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The inability to understand its impact on ionicconductivity makes it impossible not only to

estimate the radiation defect rebuilding in cesiumhalides doped with OH-impuritiy, but also tomeasure the ionic conductivity of irradiatedcrystals.


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The inability to fully understand its physicalnature further delays experimental investigation

and possible industrial applications of thesecrystals.

The inability to fully understand the exoemissionmechanism makes it impossible to detect andinvestigate defects in the surface layouts of thecrystals.


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( example 1 )Setting of work proposal Owing to their lowest density among all metallic structuralmaterials, magnesium alloys are highly promising for their

diverse use in the automotive, railway, aerospace, computer,communications and consumer electronics industries.

Putting it all together: describing the

project background



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Work problem However, these alloys have a low formability nearroom temperature and are more expensive than

plastics, aluminum, steel and cast iron.Quantitative specification of problemA situation in which the formability near roomtemperature does not reach 20% elongation

Importance of problem limitscommercial applications of magnesium and itsalloys.


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(example 2 )Setting of work proposal Enterprises trade with each other by carefully

considering business ratings to reduce investmentrisks. Work problem However,conventional mathematic models have difficulty indiscriminating between multiple ranks.Quantitative specification of problem A prediction accuracy of only 60% amongdeparted models Importance of problem

exposes traders to unnecessarily high risks.


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(example 3 )Setting of work proposalPredicting the amount of residuals in groundwater contaminants has been extensively studied.Work problem However, uncertain and

insufficient hydrology data make it impossible toaccurately predict their amount. Quantitativespecification of problem An error rateexceeding 20% Importance of problem

falls below R.O.C. environmental protectionstandards.


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(example 4 )Setting of work proposalA decision-making environment is increasinglycomplex. Work problem However,conventional evaluation models are concerned

only with economic factors and neglect factorsthat can not be evaluated by money. Importanceof problem Therefore, conventionalmodels may cause decision makers to select an

inappropriate scheme.


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(example 5) Setting of work proposal Consumer demand on the water supply in

southern Taiwan has significantly increased inrecent years owing to population and industrialgrowth, as well as elevated living standards. Work

problem Although the reservoir supplyin southern Taiwan can satisfy the current waterdemand, increasing demands will soon surpass thereservoir s capabilities.


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(example 6 )Setting of work proposal

Statistical approaches such as scored methodsare extensively used to optimize the process

parameters of ordered categorical responses. Work problem However, these methodsinaccurately estimate the dispersion effect, therebyconfounding the location effect and dispersioneffect. Importance of problem Therefore, their implementation leads to aninaccurate optimal level combination of process

parameters.


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(example 7 )Setting of work proposal Process quality and delivery time have received

increasing emphasis in industry. Work problem However, conventional process capability

indices(PCIs) are unable not only to objectivelyassess quality and delivery time but also toidentify how PCIs and yield rate are related.Importance of problem Therefore, the

lack of an objective procedure leads toinefficiency and a high overhead cost.


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(example 8 ) Setting of work proposal

Process capability index is a highly effectivemeans of evaluating process performance. Work

problem However, conventional processcapability indices can not measure a non-normaldistribution process accurately. Quantitativespecification of problem The inabilityto measure a non-normal distribution processaccurately Importance of problem leads to error when comparing processes orselecting an alternative supplier.


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(example 9 ) Setting of work proposalAn increasing number of wafer fabs use a

control chart to detect assignable causes, making itextremely difficult for engineers to effectively

control the wafer process. Work problemHowever, conventional control charts aredesigned for manufacturing systems with only onesource of variation, making it impossible to

control several independent sources of variation.


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Importance of problem Using suchcharts often leads to ineffective and futile

searches for assignable causes, thus expending aconsiderable amount of manpower and capital.


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Outlining the Work Proposal (part one): Describing the Project Background