OverviewOverviewofof

IEEE Voting StandardsIEEE Voting Standards

Stephen BergerStephen Berger

Chair, IEEE SCC 38 – Voting StandardsChair, IEEE SCC 38 – Voting Standards

&&Project 1583 – Evaluation of Voting Project 1583 – Evaluation of Voting

EquipmentEquipment

RESNA Accessibility in the Help America Vote Act (HAVA)

Washington, D.C.

IEEEIEEEInstitute of Electrical and Institute of Electrical and

Electronic EngineersElectronic Engineers Largest Technical SocietyLargest Technical Society

377,000 member377,000 member

150 countries150 countries

44 Societies and Entities44 Societies and Entities

Publishes 30% of all technical literaturePublishes 30% of all technical literature

IEEEIEEEStandards AssociationStandards Association

Globally recognized standards setting Globally recognized standards setting bodybody

870 Completed Standards870 Completed Standards

400 Standards in Development400 Standards in Development

ANSI & IEC RecognizedANSI & IEC Recognized

Standards Coordinating Standards Coordinating CommitteesCommittees

Reports directly to the IEEE-SA Reports directly to the IEEE-SA Standards BoardStandards Board

Comprised of standards development Comprised of standards development sponsors from broad disciplines and sponsors from broad disciplines and interestsinterests

Provides structure for liaison with Provides structure for liaison with non-IEEE entitiesnon-IEEE entities

Can have liaison representation to the Can have liaison representation to the IEEE-SA Standards BoardIEEE-SA Standards Board

Activity on Voting Equipment Standard Activity on Voting Equipment Standard is under this umbrella (SCC38)is under this umbrella (SCC38)

IEEEIEEEStandards Coordinating Standards Coordinating

Committee 38Committee 38Voting System StandardsVoting System Standards

15 cooperating entities15 cooperating entities

2 Current Projects2 Current Projects

P1583 – Voting EquipmentP1583 – Voting Equipment

P1622 – Electronic Data P1622 – Electronic Data InterchangeInterchange

ParticipationParticipation

• SCC 38 – 28 MembersSCC 38 – 28 Members• P1583 Working Group P1583 Working Group

• 41 – Active members41 – Active members• 124 – Participants124 – Participants• 165 – Total Participation165 – Total Participation• 7 Countries Represented7 Countries Represented

SCC 38 ParticipantsSCC 38 Participants•IEEE Societies responding to dateIEEE Societies responding to date

•ComputerComputer

•Control SystemsControl Systems

•ReliabilityReliability

•Electromagnetic CompatibilityElectromagnetic Compatibility

•Engineering ManagementEngineering Management

•Social Implications of TechnologySocial Implications of Technology

•Professional Communications Professional Communications

SCC 38 ParticipationSCC 38 Participation• Non-IEEE Organizations Participating Non-IEEE Organizations Participating

• National Association of Radio and National Association of Radio and Telecommunications Engineers Telecommunications Engineers

• Association of Access Engineering SpecialistsAssociation of Access Engineering Specialists• Human Factors and Ergonomics SocietyHuman Factors and Ergonomics Society• ASTM InternationalASTM International

(formerly American Society for Testing and (formerly American Society for Testing and Materials)Materials)

• Information Systems Security AssociationInformation Systems Security Association• International Committee on Systems EngineeringInternational Committee on Systems Engineering• US Architectural and Transportation Barriers US Architectural and Transportation Barriers

Compliance BoardCompliance Board• Federal Election CommissionFederal Election Commission• National Association of State Election Directors National Association of State Election Directors

IEEE Project 1583Scope: Develop a standard for the evaluation of election

voting equipment.

Purpose: Develop an evaluation standard for election voting equipment. The standard will provide technical specifications for electronic, mechanical, and human factors that can be used by manufacturers of voting machines or by those purchasing such machines. The tests and criteria developed will assure equipment:

· Confidentiality,

· Security,

· Reliability,

· Accuracy,

· Usability,

· Accessibility.

Task GroupsTask Groups• System ArchitectureSystem Architecture• Security/ConfidentialitySecurity/Confidentiality• Accessibility/Usability Accessibility/Usability • ReliabilityReliability• Electromagnetic CompatibilityElectromagnetic Compatibility

Additional Task Groups to be Additional Task Groups to be Formed as NeededFormed as Needed

Balloting / ScheduleBalloting / Schedule

• Schedule to ballot remaining Schedule to ballot remaining sectionssections• November 2002 – June 2003November 2002 – June 2003

• SCC 38 BallotSCC 38 Ballot• June 2003June 2003

• Submission to Standards BoardSubmission to Standards Board• July 2003July 2003

ScheduleSchedule

IEEE Project 1622Standard for Voting Equipment Data

Interchange Scope: This project will develop electronic data

interchange formats to be used by components of the voting system for exchange of electronic data.

Purpose: The "Voting System" is composed of a number of components, the voter registration system, the candidate filing process, the petition system, ballot definition, voting, tabulations and reporting systems. This standard will develop standard data interchange formats to allow the exchange and interoperability of these various systems.

Imperative Principles of the Imperative Principles of the Standards ProcessStandards Process

Developing standards is a:Developing standards is a:

quasi-legalquasi-legal

VoluntaryVoluntary

Consensus processConsensus process

Imperative Principles of the Imperative Principles of the Standards ProcessStandards Process

Due ProcessDue Process OpennessOpenness ConsensusConsensus BalanceBalance Right of AppealRight of Appeal

Due ProcessDue Process

Operational DefinitionOperational Definition

Develop operating proceduresDevelop operating procedures Publish and make procedures availablePublish and make procedures available Follow proceduresFollow procedures

Due ProcessDue Process

The IEEE is an ANSI The IEEE is an ANSI Accredited Standards Accredited Standards

Development OrganizationDevelopment Organization

ANSI approves operating proceduresANSI approves operating procedures ANSI reviews and provides for public ANSI reviews and provides for public

comment of IEEE standardscomment of IEEE standards ANSI audits IEEE processANSI audits IEEE process

Due Process Due Process cont.cont.

Hierarchy of DocumentsHierarchy of Documents Not-for-Profit Corporation Law of the State of Not-for-Profit Corporation Law of the State of

New YorkNew York IEEE ConstitutionIEEE Constitution IEEE Bylaws (includes IEEE Standards IEEE Bylaws (includes IEEE Standards

Association Bylaws)Association Bylaws) IEEE Policies and ProceduresIEEE Policies and Procedures IEEE Board of Directors ResolutionsIEEE Board of Directors Resolutions IEEE Standards Association Operations ManualIEEE Standards Association Operations Manual

Due Process Due Process cont.cont.

Hierarchy of Documents (cont.)Hierarchy of Documents (cont.) IEEE-SA Standards Board BylawsIEEE-SA Standards Board Bylaws IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations ManualIEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manual IEEE Standards Style ManualIEEE Standards Style Manual IEEE Standards CompanionIEEE Standards Companion IEEE Sponsor Operating ProceduresIEEE Sponsor Operating Procedures Robert's Rules of OrderRobert's Rules of Order

OpennessOpenness Everyone has access to the processEveryone has access to the process Make information and actions publicly available Make information and actions publicly available

for examinationfor examination Include all materially interested and affected Include all materially interested and affected

partiesparties Avoid antitrust situations/appearance of Avoid antitrust situations/appearance of

collusioncollusion Opportunity to participate does not necessarily Opportunity to participate does not necessarily

mean membership or a votemean membership or a vote

ConsensusConsensus

Agreement among the majorityAgreement among the majority

Not unanimityNot unanimity

Defined in the IEEE balloting rules as at least 75% Defined in the IEEE balloting rules as at least 75%

of the ballots must be returned and of those at of the ballots must be returned and of those at

least 75% must approve to become a standardleast 75% must approve to become a standard

Consensus Consensus cont’dcont’d

The ChallengeThe Challenge Approve and publish Approve and publish

expeditiouslyexpeditiously Obligation to majority Obligation to majority

versusversus

Obligation to the minorityObligation to the minority Attempt to resolve commentsAttempt to resolve comments

BalanceBalance Representation from all materially Representation from all materially

interested and affected partiesinterested and affected parties Lack of dominance by any one categoryLack of dominance by any one category Common categories: Common categories: Producer, user, and general interestProducer, user, and general interest Ideal to maintain balance throughout Ideal to maintain balance throughout

developmentdevelopment Encourage participation (corresponding Encourage participation (corresponding

member)member) Mandatory for ballotingMandatory for balloting

Right of AppealRight of Appeal The right to take steps to have a case heardThe right to take steps to have a case heard

Follow policies and proceduresFollow policies and procedures

Bases of appeal can be:Bases of appeal can be:

Technical (within sponsor)Technical (within sponsor) ProceduralProcedural

For more informationFor more information Training—Module Series for Training—Module Series for

standards committeesstandards committees http://standards.ieee.org/faqs/ltpres.htmlhttp://standards.ieee.org/faqs/ltpres.html

SCC 38SCC 38http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc38http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc38

P1583P1583http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc38/1583http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc38/1583

Contact: Stephen Berger at Contact: Stephen Berger at stephen.berger@ieee.orgstephen.berger@ieee.org