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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
1
Owner’s / Banker's Engineering Services –A Critical Part of
Quality AssuranceTAN CongyiProject Manager
Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore (SERIS)National
University of Singapore (NUS)
SERIS INDUSTRY DAY on “PV Quality and Asset Management”NUS,
University Hall14 August 2017
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
2
The case for quality assurance The PV industry has been growing
at a stellar rate Market is highly competitive, and cost is often a
major driving
factor How can we ensure that PV systems remain safe, and
investors
get their money’s worth?
Source:HDB rooftops,
Tiger breweries
http://www.eco-business.com/media/_versions/ebmedia/fileuploads/jurong_hdb_news_featured.jpghttp://www.sunwindenergy.com/sites/default/files/field/image/pv_solarbreweries_aerial_view_of_apbs_solar_installation_klein.jpg
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
3
PV systems have almost no moving parts, do not operate at high
temperatures and have no dangerous emissions
BUT, there are two key areas to watch out for, in order to have
a PV system that can last 25+ years: Safety (mechanical,
electrical) System performance
What are the concerns?Role of Owner’s / Banker’s Engineer
Source: Google Images
https://cdn.123test.com/content/profesiones/profesion-ingeniero-elctrico.jpg
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
4
Concern #1: M&E safety Most failures are electrical in
nature
Messy wiring Using improper protection devices
Case studies show that catastrophic failures in solar PV systems
are primarily caused by: Inadequate/wrong system and fault
protection design Sloppy workmanship during installation
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5SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
Concern #2: System performanceExample from analytical monitoring
of SERIS in Singapore
82.6 82.2 81.9 81.7 79.9 79.873.5 70.0 69.5
62.558.1
A B C D E F G H I J K0
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Perfo
rman
ce R
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(%)
Site
A well-built system should perform according to design
specifications
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
6
Case studies – Faults identified (I)Loose mounting mixtures
Mounting problems can stay undetected for a long time, until
environmental conditions force it to manifest Especially risky for
roof-mounted PV systems
No quick test to uncover it, only meticulous inspection
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
7
Case studies – Faults identified (II)Electrical hazards
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
8
Case studies – Faults identified (III)Incorrect use of
components
Common faults: wrong polarity, DC components used in AC circuit
or vice versa
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
9
Case studies – Faults identified (IV)Defective components
Some insidious problems can lay dormant until checks uncover
them
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
10
Commissioning formalizes quality control of PV systems
Ensures that systems are safe and performing well Guards against
fires, electrical harm arising from poorly
constructed systems
Dollars and effort are not wasted on non-performing or
underperforming systems
Encourages EPCs and system integrators to be responsible for
their installations
Gives system owners a peace of mind during the transfer of
ownership
How can we mitigate the risks?System verification is
critical
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
11
PV system commissioning should reference:
For grid-connected PV systems:IEC 62446:2016 (SS601: 2014 in
Singapore) Photovoltaic (PV) systems - Requirements for testing,
documentation and maintenance
For off-grid PV systems:IEC 62124:2004Photovoltaic (PV) stand
alone systems -Design verification
Relevant standardsPV system commissioning
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
12
Mandatory certifications for Inverters
IEC 61000-6:2016Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)
IEC 61683:1999Photovoltaic systems - Power conditioners
(Procedure for measuring efficiency)
IEC 62109:2010Safety of power converters for use in photovoltaic
power systems
IEC 62116:2014Utility-interconnected photovoltaic inverters -
Test procedure of islanding prevention measures
IEC 62894:2014Photovoltaic inverters - Data sheet and name
plate
Other useful IEC standardsInverters
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
13
Low-voltage installations shall comply with:
IEC 60227:2007Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of rated
voltages up to and including 450/750 V
IEC 60228:2004Conductors of insulated cables
High-voltage installations shall comply with:
IEC 60502:2014Power cables with extruded insulation and their
accessories for rated voltages from 1 kV (Um = 1,2 kV) up to 30 kV
(Um = 36 kV)
IEC 60840:2011Power cables with extruded insulation and their
accessories rated voltages above 30 kV (Um = 36 kV) up to 150 kV
(Um = 170 kV)
Other useful IEC standardsPower cables and accessories
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
14
Lightning protection shall comply with:
IEC 62305:2013 Protection against lightning
Power transformers shall comply with:
IEC 60076:2011Power transformers
High-voltage switchgear shall comply with:
IEC 62271:2016High-voltage switchgear and control gear
IEC 61936-1:2010Power installations exceeding 1 kV a.c. - Part
1: Common rules
Other useful IEC standardsPower cables and accessories
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
15
All electrical components shall comply with:
IEC 62548:2016Photovoltaic (PV) arrays - Design requirements
IEC 62093:2005, Balance-of-system components for photovoltaic
systems -Design qualification natural environments
IEC 62093:2005Balance-of-system components for photovoltaic
systems -Design qualification natural environments
IEC 60364:2005Low-voltage electrical installations
Other useful IEC standardsElectrical components
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
16
Verification that the system has been installed according to the
contract documents, manufacturer’s recommendations and
standards
A proper record of equipment list and systems performance
Verification that the installing company performed adequate
operation checkout
Confirmation that the operations and maintenance (O&M)
documentation left on-site is complete
Adequate training for the owner’s operating personnel
Testing & CommissioningExpected outcomes
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
17
Extensive experience with Owner’s Engineering services and
T&C(more than 50 MWp implemented)
Broad range of exposure – from HDB blocks to MW-scale PV
installations (roof-top, ground-mounted, floating)
Access to support from domain experts at NUS
How can SERIS be helpful here?Our capabilities at a glance
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
18
Backed by state-of-the-art equipment that goes beyond the
minimum standards prescribed I-V curve tracing, Infra-red Imaging,
Daylight EL and PL
capabilities can aid in troubleshooting faulty or
underperforming systems
How can SERIS be helpful here?Our capabilities at a glance
Irr = 712.2 W/m2
Daylight ELIV curve analysis
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
19
Other services by SERIS Subject matter experts can conduct
customer-specific training on
various quality assurance topics for solar PV systems
O&M training can also be provided
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
20
Summary Quality assurance is important to maintain the
favourable
public opinion currently enjoyed by solar PV
Proper system verification plays a critical role in system
ownership and risk mitigation
Faults that go unrectified not only impact system performance,
but also safety
Owner’s/banker’s engineering services are useful to protect a
client’s interest, and to fill in gaps in expertise for a
project
Don’t chance it!
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SERIS is a research institute at the National University of
Singapore (NUS). SERIS is sponsored by the National University
ofSingapore (NUS) and Singapore’s National Research Foundation
(NRF) through the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB).
21
Don‘t hesitate to contact us:
[email protected]
More information at www.seris.sgwww.solar-repository.sg
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.seris.sg/http://www.solar-repository.sg/
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