Ozone Layer Depletion

Resource Depletion

Dispersion of Toxic Substances

Urban Environmental Problems

Waste

Water Pollution & Water Resources

Marine Environment & Coastal Zones

Loss of Biodiversity

Climate Change Air Pollution

Environmental problems…

Emergence of environmental problemsMaslow’s pyramid of needs

N

E

E

D

S

Environmental Policy

Global conferences on the environment:

- Stockholm – 1972

- Rio – 1992

- kyoto – 1997

- Johannesburg – 2002

-Copenaghen -2012

…’70 yearsGradual internationalization of the debate around the issue of relations between

environment and development.

increase the perception of environmental issues: focus

on large point sources of pollution concentrated

(industrial plants, power plants, pollution)

increase scientific knowledge in environmental

Report "The Limits to Growth"

Published for the Club of Rome from MIT (Massachussets Institute of technology)

Resource Depletion Pollution

Limits to Growth

Management of environmental ricks Management of resources

New technologies and energy efficiency

Environmental costs

Stockholm Conference (1972)First summit ONU on “HUMAN ENVIRONMENT”

Pollution:

Marine Environment & Coastal Zones

Acid rain

World Hunger

Third World devolepment

Establishment UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme)

Rio Conference (1992)

Earth Summit, second summit ONU on “environment and development” 183

countries

comparison among industrialized countries (which have reached the carrying capacity of its ecosystem)

and the countries of the South, underdeveloped or developing (as opposed to assume responsibility for the environment, if not after compensatory

measures, such as programs Economic Assistance

Rio Conference (1992)

Results:

1. Climate convention: CO2 emission

2. Biodiversity convention: preservation of the genetic heritage of animals and plants

3. Statement of Forest: The Convention has been impeded by the holders of most countries of tropical forests

4. Statement of Rio: 27 integrating environment and development principles

5. Local Agenda 21: global action plan that identifies the characteristics of sustainable development and the means to achieve

Local Agenda 21

Collection of intentions to initiate sustainable development policies through consensus of the entire civil society (population,

institutions, businesses, etc..) At national, regional and sub-regional level.

Local actors must become active partners in decision making concerning their own territory governance processes (voluntary choices shared "bottom-up) and partnerships (selected subsidiaries and implemented by all players on the territory).

Multisectoral action program (4 sections - the socio-economic, conservation and management of resources for development, strengthening the role of social forces, implementation tools - and 40 chapters) is owned by the governments in the twenty-first century.

Eco development

“Term coined at the Stockholm Conference and logical antecedent of "sustainable development." Suffix "eco" stands for "ecological" and "economic": A weld between economy and ecology. The transition from "Ecosviluppo" to "sustainable development" has sanctioned the movement from local to global level environmental problems caused by development have an impact not only on the territory in question, but invest the whole planet, requiring a comprehensive approach to resolving them.

JOHANNESBURG Conference (2002)

RECOGNIZING THAT THE ERADICATION OF POVERTY, CHANGE OF STYLES OF PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION AND THE PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT OF

NATURAL RESOURCES ARE THE OBJECTIVES AND BASIC CONDITIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

SOCIAL EQUALITY

OTHER IMPORTANT CONCEPTS for definitions of sustainable development are: Fairness 'SOCIAL within generations within a single community; GENERATIONS respect to future generations.

UNCERTAINTY AND IRREVERSIBLE' OFTEN THE EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS It appears as extremely complex, giving rise POSITIONS TO MUCH difference between scientists or between countries

SBD: sustainable business development

STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK FOR INTEGRATING BUSINESS ENTERPRISES, CREATING INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

SBDTake a comprehensive perspective of the corporation and its business environment that includes direct relationship with suppliers, distributors, customers partners, employees and shareholders and indirect linkages with stakeholder, competitors relates industries and natural environment (eco-system)

SBD: sustainable business development

UN conference an invironment and development

(RIO EARTH SUMMIT)

Involves articulating integrating achieving social, economic and environmental objectives and initiatives to protect humankind and natural world

SUSTAINABILITY SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT

UNInternational community

Is a holistic management construct that includes the entire value system from the origins of the raw materials to production processes and customer applications to end-of-life solutions (EoL).

Corporate today face the daunting challenges of achieving superior performance ad well as meeting the expectations of the social economic and environmental dimensions articled in agenda 21.

Sbd & Agenda 21