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December 2015
written by William J DeCoursey Kirsten Jones and Marcia S Scottprepared by Institute for Public Administration School of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp Sciences University of Delaware wwwipaudeledufunded by the Delaware Department of Transportation serving the public good shaping tomorrowrsquos leaders
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment ToolPlanning for Complete Communities in Delaware
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment ToolPlanning for Complete Communities in Delaware
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment ToolDecember 2015
written byWilliam J DeCoursey Assistant Policy Scientist
Kirsten Jones Public Administration FellowMarcia S Scott Policy Scientist
prepared byInstitute for Public Administration
School of Public Policy amp AdministrationCollege of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
wwwipaudeleduserving the public good shaping tomorrowrsquos leaders
funded by theDelaware Department of Transportation
PrefACe
As the Director of the Institute for Public Administration (IPA) at the University of Delaware I am pleased to provide Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool The Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Tool is designed to guide local governments 1) in evaluating the extent to which average bicycle riders can easilyaccess low-stress areas and 2) in developing strategies to leverage state investments to improve local cycling networks and bicycle infrastructure Preparation of this assessment tool is part of a larger Planning for Complete Communities in Delawareinitiative that is an ongoing collaboration between IPA and the Delaware Department of Transportation (DelDOT) whichprovided funding for this project Associate policy scientist William DeCoursey public administration fellow Kirsten Jonesand policy scientist Marcia Scott led the project team that researched several low-stress approaches to attract the mainstreampopulation in Delaware to bicycle networks gained input from stakeholder groups and prepared the assessment tool Thistool is a resource for Delaware local governments that are considering ways to improve low-stress bikeability for areas withintheir community It will be available as a downloadable document on IPArsquos online Delaware Complete Communities Toolbox and Toolkit for a Healthy Delaware I hope that local government officials and stakeholders will use this assessment tool to foster complete streets and active-transportation opportunities for community members
Jerome R Lewis PhDDirector Institute for Public Administration
i Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
ACknowLeDgemenTS
IPA Project Team
Authors William DeCoursey Kirsten Jones and Marcia Scott with assistance from public administration fellows Savannah Edwards Scott Eisenhart and Gemma Tierney
Project Support
The project team thanks the following individualsorganizations for their valuable insight and contributions to the development of this assessment tool
Anthony Aglio DelDOT PlanningMark Deshon Newark Bicycle CommitteeHeather Dunigan WILMAPCOBernie Gilbert DelDOT PlanningPeter Haag DelDOT TrafficPatrick Kennedy Federal Highway AdministrationMichael Krumrine Delaware State ParksPaul Moser DelDOT PlanningRalph Reeb DelDOT PlanningRichard Vetter DoverKent County MPOAdam Weiser DelDOT TrafficThe Newark Bicycle CommitteeWILMAPCOrsquos Non-Motorized Working GroupDoverKent County MPOrsquos Technical and Public Advisory CommitteesState of Delaware PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Committee
Editing design and production by Deshon amp Associates Graphic Design (Newark Del)
iiThe Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
TABLe of ConTenTS
Introduction 1What is Low-Stress Cycling 1 Purpose of Tool and Three-Step Process 3
why Bike 4Bicycling Promotes ldquoActivity-Friendlyrdquo Environments 4Bicycling Fosters Active Transportation 5Cycling Benefits Local Communities 5Cycling Provides ldquoFirst- and Last-Milerdquo Connections to Transit 6Bicycling Advances Complete Streets and Transportation Equity 6Support for Bikeability 7
National-Level Support 7Support for Bike-Friendly Environments in Delaware 8Delaware Policy Framework Support 8Advocacy and Advisement 10Education and Outreach 11
Barriers to Bikeability 11
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment 12Identify and Involve Stakeholders 12Review Existing Plans Policies and Programs 12
Local Plans Policies and Programs 12Federal State and Regional Planning Resources 14
Gather Data and Select an Area for a Low-Stress Bicycle Assessment 15Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress Bikeability Basemap from DelDOT 15Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area 16
iii Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment and Workshop 17Pre-Tour the Selected Area 17Plan Workshop Logistics 18Prepare Workshop Materials 18
Review the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ndash ldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo 19Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts 21Consider Supplemental Data-Collection Methods 46
Step 2 The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment 48Facilitate the Workshop 48Explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist 49
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist 50Conduct the In-Field Assessment 56Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise 56
Step 3 Post-Assessment 58Identify and Prioritize Concerns 58Prepare a Written Statement 58 Present Findings 59Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships 59Provide Outreach and Education 60Stay Engaged 61
ivThe Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
To ensure that people are able to take advantage of low-stress cycling conditions the network must be defined according to user tolerance and likelihood of use
Extensive research has been conducted on how types ofbike riders may be classified into four distinct groups according to 1) levels of confidence of the bicyclists and 2)conditions of the roadways Potential riders may classifiedas 1) not able or interested (37) 2) interested but concerned (53) 3) enthusiastic and confident (9) or 4)strong and fearless (1)
InTroducTIon
After decades of building car-oriented roadway networksmany streets lack connectivity and do not safely accommo-date pedestrians or bicyclists Individuals from no-carhouseholds students migrant or seasonal workers youthand people who are unable to drive (for various reasons)mdashso-called ldquono-choicerdquo bicycle ridersmdashface substantial challenges and transportation inequities in such a car-dominated culture In recent years there has been a growing recognition of the need to create Complete Streetsby planning designing constructing and maintainingstreets to meet the needs of multi-modal roadway users ofall ages and abilities Improving conditions and opportuni-ties for walking and bicycling as well as integrating walkingand bicycling into local-transportation networks is criticalto instituting Complete Streets one of five elements identi-fied in a framework to plan for Complete Communities inDelaware In addition to fostering active transportation andtransportation equity bicycling promotes activity-friendlyenvironments environmental and economic sustainabilityand ldquofirst- and last-milerdquo connections to transit
What is Low-Stress cycling
Low-Stress Cycling (LSC) refers to the idea that a networkmay be established to ensure that there are ways in which acyclist can easily access areas throughout a transportationnetwork without being an extremely confident rider
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Percentage of cyclists categorized by tolerance for levels of stress (MassDOT 2015)
1
stress and that do not involve an undue level of detourrdquoWhile a small fraction of the population will tolerate sharing a road with heavy or fast traffic most individualsare ldquointerested but concernedrdquo willing to accept only asmall degree of traffic stress In addition a Bicycle AccessVision Plan for Northern Santa Clara County Calif
A study by the Mineta Transportation Institute asserts ldquofora bicycling network to attract the widest possible segmentof the population its most fundamental attribute should below-stress connectivityhellip [It should] provide routes betweenpeoplersquos origins and destinations that do not require cyclists to use links that exceed their tolerance for traffic
Planning for complete communities in delaware
Visualization of how Levels of Traffic Stress may be applied to Delawarersquos transportation system
2
who is an authorized representative of a Delaware local government (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) The three-step process is designed for use by theworkshop facilitator to engage stakeholders
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment ndash provides an advanced preparation process to ensure the success of the low-stress bikeability assessment The process helps identify and engage community members and recommends reviewingplans and planning resources gathering data selecting astudy area and using a series of visual prompts to preparefor the workshop and in-field bikeability assessment
Step 2 The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment ndash preparesworkshop participants using a narrated presentation thatprovides an overview of ldquowhat to look forrdquo during the assessment A Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklistwhich corresponds to the visual prompts and narrated pres-entation is provided for participants to record observationsand bikeability conditions during the in-field bikeability assessment Upon completing the in-field assessment participants immediately reconvene in a facilitated workshop setting for a debriefing and mapping exercise
Step 3 Post-Assessment ndash entails carrying out a processthat involves prioritizing concerns preparing a writtensummary presenting findings to stakeholders and fundingentities gaining support and developing an action planthat considers the need for plans policies design changesfunding support maintenance plansagreements and technical assistance
suggests that ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists will be deterred by traveling long distances to access low-stressroutes cycling on high-speed streets with no bike lanesand gaps in network connectivity
A goal of bicycle-network planning is to improve connec-tivity to key destinations and other transportation modesand provide low-stress routes that attract ldquointerested butconcernedrdquo and ldquono-choicerdquo riders ldquoNo-choicerdquo riders maybe defined as individuals who ride bikes as a primary modeof transportation or ride tofrom a transit location Examplesof ldquono-choicerdquo riders include individuals from non-carhouseholds students migrant or seasonal workers youthand people who are unable to drive (for various reasons)Creating a bike lane alone is not enough to create a low-stress network
Purpose of Tool and Three-Step Process
The purpose of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool is to assist local government officials and community members in assessing the low-stress bikeability of a priorityroadway segment to address the needs of ldquointerested butconcernedrdquo and ldquono-choicerdquo riders The assessment tooland three-step process are designed for use in a facilitatedworkshop setting to engage stakeholdersmdasheither a formalcommittee appointed by a local government or an informalor ad hoc group comprising diverse community representa-tives It is recommended that the workshop be organizedand facilitated by a designated workshop leaderfacilitator
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 3
such as heart disease cancer or diabetesrdquo These diseasescontribute to disability premature death and healthcarecosts Delawarersquos problem is apparent According to a 2014State of Obesity report Delaware has the 17th highestadult obesity rate in the nation Adult obesity in Delawarehas escalated from 171 percent in 2000 to 307 percent in2014 Childhood obesity in Delaware is also a concern ADelaware Survey of Childrenrsquos Health sponsored by
Why BIke
Bicycling Promotes ldquoActivity-Friendlyrdquo
environments
Physical inactivity has increasingly become a product ofAmericarsquos automobile-centricbuilt environments The USDepartment of Health andHuman Servicesrsquo 2008 Physi-cal Activity Guidelines forAmericans recommends thatchildren be physically activefor at least 60 minutes a dayand adults get 30 minutes ofmoderate-intensity aerobicactivity daily five days aweek Yet most Americansdonrsquot meet these recom-mended guidelines and thatlack of activity is posing agreat threat to the health ofour nation
A US Surgeon Generalrsquos report indicates that ldquooneout of every two US adults isliving with a chronic disease
Planning for complete communities in delaware
Adult obesity state-by-state 2014 (RWJF 2015)
4
in a September 2015 Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) research letter Safe cycling is also aconcern in Delaware where there were 15 bicycle-relatedfatalities between 2009 and 2013 Because bicyclists are expected to ride on most roadways itrsquos essential that bicycle facilities safely accommodate and encourage cycling
cycling Benefits Local communities
In addition to public health and active transportation benefits bicycling enhances both the environmental and
Nemours Health and Prevention Services indicates that40 percent of children between the ages 2 and 17 wereoverweight or obese in 2011
According to the US Department of Health amp HumanServices ldquoincreasing peoplersquos physical activity levels willsignificantly reduce their risk of chronic diseases and related risk factorsrdquo The US Surgeon General has proposed a Call to Action for Americans to be healthierby increasing their levels of physical activity Improvingthe built environment to provide opportunities for walking and biking is one way to increase peoplersquos physical activity Bicycling can improve both physicaland mental health by reducing the risk of chronic diseases associated with being overweight and obese lowering blood pressure and relieving depression
Bicycling Fosters Active Transportation
Active transportation is any human-powered mode of transportation Bicycle infrastructure and facilities that arewell designed constructed and maintained can promoteactive transportation Cycling as recreation sport andmeans of transportationmdashparticularly for commutingmdashisgrowing in popularity A survey by People for Bikes foundthat of the 318 million people living in the US almost 104million Americans rode a bicycle at least once in 2014 thatyear 45 million used bicycling as a means of transportationHowever along with the increase in cycling is a rise in cycling-related injuries from 1998 to 2012 as documented
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 5
Bicycling Advances complete Streets and
Transportation equity
Historically transportation planning policy and investmentshave focused on auto-centric roadway improvements Anew transportation policy and planning frameworkmdashldquoComplete Streetsrdquomdashfocuses on moving people instead ofcars Complete Streets emphasizes the need for transporta-tion systems to be designed built and maintained for motorized and non-motorized transportation users of allages and abilities Providing a choice of transportationmodes advances transportation equity where transporta-tion policy achieves fair and equitable investment and
access to a range oftransportation options This approach recognizesthe value of trans-portation-systemdiversity and theneed to prioritizeinvestment to affordable modessuch as bicyclingLow-income andminority commu-nities are morelikely to utilizenon-automotive
economic sustainability of communities As an environment- friendly mode of transportation bicycling can decrease carmode share vehicle miles traveled (VMT) auto emissionsand air pollution In addition studies show that communi-ties with multi-modal transportation systems including cycling experience higher property values higher levels ofretail activity and employment and lower-cost transporta-tion options A Journal of Physical Activity and Healtharticle which reported on the studied costs and benefits ofcycling investments in Portland Ore cites the economicpayoffs of bicycle facilitiesmdashinvestments in cycling providelong-term costs savings in health care fuel and lives saved
cycling Provides ldquoFirst- and Last-
Milerdquo connections to Transit
Transportation planners wrestle with thedilemma of how to address first- and last-mile connections to public transit Researchsuggests most people will only walk a distance of one-quarter mile or five to tenminutes but are capable of cycling up tothree miles Therefore bicycling may be aviable option to bridge gaps in first- andlast-mile connections to transit Most public transportation systems are better accommodating cyclists by providing secure parking and allowing riders to bringbicycles on trains and buses
Planning for complete communities in delaware6
In 2010 USDOT issued a policy statement that articulatesthe need to develop fully integrated active-transportationsystems which include bicycling facilities and networksThe policy encourages transportation agencies to planfund and implement improvements to their walking andbicycling networks including linkages to transit Federalstatutes also that require state transportation agencies andmetropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) integratewalking and bicycling facilities and programs in their transportation plans ldquoto ensure the operability of an intermodal transportation systemrdquo
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) an agencywithin USDOT supports a flexible approach to bicycle andpedestrian facility design It advocates the use of AmericanAssociation of State Highway and Transportation Officialsrsquo(AASHTO) Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilitiesas the primary national resource for planning designingand operating bicycle and pedestrian facilities It also advocates the use of provisions within the federal Manualof Uniform Traffic Control Devices and the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) UrbanBikeway Design Guide to build upon the flexibilities provided in the AASHTO Guide These resources support aframework to plan and design safe and convenient facilitiesfor bicyclist and non-motorized transportation networks
USDOT has also launched a comprehensive and coordinatedapproach to improve pedestrian and bicycle safety Thestrategy promotes design improvements to ensure safe and
modes Therefore a lens toward transportation equity ensures that different socioeconomic minority and ethnicgroups are being equitably represented in transportation decision-making processes Emphasis is placed on develop-ment of a transportation system that is accessible efficientaffordable and offers safe alternatives to car travel including bicycling
Support for Bikeability
National-Level Support
Creating connected transporta-tion networks is one of four overarching policy priorities forthe US Department of Trans-portation (USDOT) Federal legislation and regulations require inclusion of convenientsafe accessible and context-sensitive bicycle and pedestriancomponents into all transporta-tion plans and projects to meetthe needs of people of all agesand abilities Recent federal policy initiatives have increasedan emphasis on bikeable environments or ldquobikeabilityrdquowhich describes the extent to which individuals feel comfortable navigating their community by bike
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 7
and well-maintained cycling network that emphasizesshort-trip distances fosters multi-modal trips andintegrates educational programs
Delaware Policy Framework Support
The State of Delaware has long-recognized the benefits ofdeveloping an integrated multi-modal transportation system to improve the economic and environmental sustainability of communities and quality of life for allDelawareans The state has prioritized the need to plan foran integrated non-motorized pathway and recreationaltrail network for recreational and transportation purposesIn 2015 the League of American Bicyclists named Delawareas the 3rd best Bike Friendly State in the US thanks tostate policies dedicated funding for cycling projects safetycampaigns and strong advocacy
Delaware has worked for more than two decades to improvebikeability in Delaware Consistent with federal transporta-tion investment policies and directives DelDOT has shiftedaway from an auto-centric transportation system to onethat provides safe efficient and multi-modal optionsFormed in 1990 the Delaware Bicycle Council has been instrumental in integrating bicycling into Delawarersquos transportation network Appointed by the Governor itsmembers consist of state agency officials and private citizens who are charged with reviewing and improvingupon bicycling bicycle safety and bicycle-safety educationin Delaware In 1995 a Statewide Facilities Master Plan was
efficient routes for pedestrians and bicycles promote behavioral safety and provide education to help individualsmake safer travel choices The national safety campaign Toward Zero Deaths articulates the goal of ldquoworking toward no fatalities across all modes of travelrdquo
Support for Bike-Friendly Environments inDelaware
According to the League of American Bicyclists a BicycleFriendly Community has essential elements across fivecategories known as the ldquoFive Ersquosrdquo
1Engineering ndash presence of infrastructure that provides an interconnected and well-maintained bicycling network
2Education ndash delivery of a bicycle-safety education program that builds cycling skills provides training andimproves awareness of cyclingmotorist rights and responsibilities
3Encouragement ndash institution of a strong bike culture 4Enforcement ndash adoption and enforcement of laws to
treat bicyclists equitably within the transportation system 5Evaluation and planning ndash creation of an interconnected
Planning for complete communities in delaware8
2015 ranking of Delaware asthe third most Bicycle Friendly State (League of American Bicyclists)
placement of new facilities in transportation-improvementprojects
Delawarersquos Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Program ndashThis program was established in 2002 to allocate state fundingtoward infrastructure projects that directly support increasedsafety and convenience for elementary and middle schoolchildren to bicycle andor walk to and from school
Complete Streets ndash On April 24 2009 Delaware GovernorJack A Markell issued Executive Order No 6 and DelDOTsubsequently adopted a Complete Streets policy in 2010 Acomplete street is a transportation facility that is planneddesigned operated and maintained to provide safe mobilityfor users of all ages and abilities including bicyclists pedestrians transit riders and motorists appropriate to thefunction and context of the facility Complete streets facilitate active transportation
Vulnerable Users Law ndash Delaware became the secondstate to sign this into law in August 2010 The law increasespenalties for drivers convicted of careless driving that results in the injury of a vulnerable user of the statersquos roadsA ldquovulnerable userrdquo includes pedestrians individuals working on the road cyclists skateboarders and anyone onroller skates scooters mopeds motorcycles farm tractorsor those riding animals
Walkable Bikeable Delaware ndash The Delaware GeneralAssembly unanimously passed this initiative in May 2011
approved which recognizes bicycling as an integral part ofthe transportation system and includes bicycles withintransportation planning DelDOT appointed its first bicyclepedestrian coordinator in 2001 to address transportation issues of non-motorized users Delawarersquosstrong policy framework for bikeability includesadoptionimplementation of the following
Statewide Bicycle Policy ndash Issued in 2000 this policy requires a minimum of a five-foot-wide shoulder for cyclistsas the transportation system expands and encourages the
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 9
To support the Initiative the Delaware General Assemblypassed Senate Concurrent Resolution 13 in June 2011This resolution approved the study of the building and maintaining of non-motorized travel connections withinand between communities cities and towns in Delawareand to link these connections to form uninterrupted networks for walking and bicycling
Advocacy and Advisement
Statewide advocacy is strong thanks to a network of partner organizations that seek to promote healthylifestyles improve opportunities for active transportationand help plan effective safe and well-connected bikewaynetworks Bike Delaware a non-profit advocacy organization has been working to make bicycling a safeconvenient and fun transportation option in DelawareThe Delaware Council on Health Promotion and DiseasePrevention (CHPDP) was established in May 2010 by Governor Jack Markell ldquoto advise the Governor and Executive Branch on the development and coordination ofstrategies policies programs and other actions statewide topromote healthy lifestylesrdquo Other groupsinitiatives working to support active lifestyles include the DelawareCoalition for Healthy Eating and Active Living(DE HEAL) the Get Up and Do Something campaignDelaware Greenways Sussex Outdoors and NemoursHealth amp Prevention Services (NHPS)
It calls for Delaware to strategically invest in walking andbiking connectivitymdashto design build maintain and linknon-motorized transportation networks both within andamong Delaware communities Since 2011 the DelawareGeneral Assembly and the Wilmington Area PlanningCouncil (WILMAPCO) have invested considerable state andfederal funding in statewide pedestrian and bicycle improvements greenways and trails projects
Delaware Trails and Pathways Initiative ndash In 2011Delaware Governor Markell challenged a team of stateagencies to ldquocreate a world-class statewide network of pathways and trails for Delawarersquos citizens and visitors topromote biking hiking walking and active livingrdquo To meet this challenge DelDOT and the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) led and formed a partnership with regional and local organizations and government to create the Delaware Trailsand Pathways Initiative Its goal is to create an intercon-nected network of shared-use trails and pathways that willsupport non-motorized travel and recreation opportunitiesfor Delawareans and visitors The focus is on bicycling andwalking and providing safe and convenient ways to reachlocal work shops schools recreational sites and transit
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware10
work Other bicycling hurdles include perceptions that facilities or conditions are unsafe absence of traffic-calmingmeasures lack of law enforcement and insufficient educa-tion and outreach to promote bicycling as a viable form oftransportation Addressing these barriers to bikeability iscritically important to ldquono-choicerdquo riders ie those whorely on biking as their primary form of transportation orbike as a first- or last-mile connection to transit
Education and Outreach
Delaware has also utilized education and outreach to ramp-up support for safe cycling The Delaware Strategic HighwaySafety Plan is a statewide coordinated safety plan that aimsto eliminate fatalities on Delaware roadways through amulti-agency approach In 2013 DelDOT formed the PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Group Comprising various highway safety stakeholders its goal isto identify evaluate and implement pedestrianbicycle-related safety improvementsthroughout the state and along several corridorsthat exhibit higher-than-average pedestriancrash rates Several municipalities have also appointed bicycle committees to improve cycling facilities and infrastructure to enhancebikeability
Barriers to Bikeability
Despite strong support for cycling in Delawareobstacles still exist Major barriers to bicyclinginclude geographical or access barriers (eghighways railroad tracks terrain) high-stressstreets with high traffic volume and speeds andintersection issues End-of-trip facilities such asplaces to shower and change and secure sheltered parking that protects bikes from theftand poor weather can be a deterrent to cyclistsmdashparticularly those who commute to
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 11
interests The workshop should be publicized at least 4ndash6weeks in advance of the meeting through a mix of printand digital media Notifications can be posted in local gathering spots or destinations such as schools town hallmunicipal building library and recreation or communitycenters Websites of the local government schools andcommunity and civic organizations can provide outreachvia social media or online ldquonewsrdquo Direct personal contactcan be made to target participation from key stakeholdersincluding local government staff members local electedand appointed officials state legislators public safety agencies health- and safety-advocacy groups bicycle andrecreation enthusiasts local school leaders leaders ofneighborhood civic associations citizen organization representatives local business representatives members ofthe media officials from DelDOT and MPOs and otheridentified stakeholders Ideally the targeted group shouldconsist of approximately 20ndash40 people Identifying champions and gaining advocacy can help build supportfor plans policies funding and technical assistance to improve bicycle infrastructure and conditions
review existing Plans Policies and Programs
Local Plans Policies and Programs
Local government comprehensive plans are the foundationfor land-use planning in Delaware The comprehensive plancommunicates a communityrsquos goals and vision for the future provides a blueprint for future land use and provides
STeP 1 The Pre-ASSeSSMenT
Advanced preparation is critical to ensuring the success ofthe low-stress bikeability assessment process and achievingmeaningful outcomes While the assessment process maybe organized by a formal committee or ad hoc group theoverall process should be planned lead and facilitated byan individual (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) that is designated by a local government
Identify and Involve Stakeholders
Public involvement is a fundamental part of the low-stressbikeability assessment process Stakeholders should be identified and involved throughout the process whetherthe assessment is led and facilitated in-house or by a consultant Participants in the assessment processworkshopwill vary depending on the size and composition of the jurisdiction and the outreach effort For example largermunicipalities may already have and wish to involve a bicycle committee that comprises interested stakeholdersworking to improve bicycling conditions Other jurisdictionsmay wish to involve Planning Commission membersandor consider forming an ad hoc committee consisting ofstakeholders andor volunteers who are interestedinvestedin improving the low-stress bikeability of a specific area
In either case additional outreach should be conducted tomake sure participants are diverse and represent community
Planning for complete communities in delaware12
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
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((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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( (
FA
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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(
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$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Wo
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$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
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112879860736354032-+( ampamp 1-(0 0
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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4365049063$-1-(amp 12amp3232
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6amp02032332
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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(((((((((((((((
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6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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$
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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(
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( (
0933-2032$-8033
lt
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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477363lt 7 -amp-3$lt$052-amp-$amp(
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
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Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
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$
$amp
(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
$4gt+8F7-$0+17AB)4-27(6+2(0)(1(1(58(511+()+1()061(-2)+-0(3(0027lt(27()--(4-19(0gtamp20(7001+(74+(2))(C8()-20--19(09(1)162-748((1282()-)+240(gt
64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment ToolDecember 2015
written byWilliam J DeCoursey Assistant Policy Scientist
Kirsten Jones Public Administration FellowMarcia S Scott Policy Scientist
prepared byInstitute for Public Administration
School of Public Policy amp AdministrationCollege of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
wwwipaudeleduserving the public good shaping tomorrowrsquos leaders
funded by theDelaware Department of Transportation
PrefACe
As the Director of the Institute for Public Administration (IPA) at the University of Delaware I am pleased to provide Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool The Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Tool is designed to guide local governments 1) in evaluating the extent to which average bicycle riders can easilyaccess low-stress areas and 2) in developing strategies to leverage state investments to improve local cycling networks and bicycle infrastructure Preparation of this assessment tool is part of a larger Planning for Complete Communities in Delawareinitiative that is an ongoing collaboration between IPA and the Delaware Department of Transportation (DelDOT) whichprovided funding for this project Associate policy scientist William DeCoursey public administration fellow Kirsten Jonesand policy scientist Marcia Scott led the project team that researched several low-stress approaches to attract the mainstreampopulation in Delaware to bicycle networks gained input from stakeholder groups and prepared the assessment tool Thistool is a resource for Delaware local governments that are considering ways to improve low-stress bikeability for areas withintheir community It will be available as a downloadable document on IPArsquos online Delaware Complete Communities Toolbox and Toolkit for a Healthy Delaware I hope that local government officials and stakeholders will use this assessment tool to foster complete streets and active-transportation opportunities for community members
Jerome R Lewis PhDDirector Institute for Public Administration
i Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
ACknowLeDgemenTS
IPA Project Team
Authors William DeCoursey Kirsten Jones and Marcia Scott with assistance from public administration fellows Savannah Edwards Scott Eisenhart and Gemma Tierney
Project Support
The project team thanks the following individualsorganizations for their valuable insight and contributions to the development of this assessment tool
Anthony Aglio DelDOT PlanningMark Deshon Newark Bicycle CommitteeHeather Dunigan WILMAPCOBernie Gilbert DelDOT PlanningPeter Haag DelDOT TrafficPatrick Kennedy Federal Highway AdministrationMichael Krumrine Delaware State ParksPaul Moser DelDOT PlanningRalph Reeb DelDOT PlanningRichard Vetter DoverKent County MPOAdam Weiser DelDOT TrafficThe Newark Bicycle CommitteeWILMAPCOrsquos Non-Motorized Working GroupDoverKent County MPOrsquos Technical and Public Advisory CommitteesState of Delaware PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Committee
Editing design and production by Deshon amp Associates Graphic Design (Newark Del)
iiThe Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
TABLe of ConTenTS
Introduction 1What is Low-Stress Cycling 1 Purpose of Tool and Three-Step Process 3
why Bike 4Bicycling Promotes ldquoActivity-Friendlyrdquo Environments 4Bicycling Fosters Active Transportation 5Cycling Benefits Local Communities 5Cycling Provides ldquoFirst- and Last-Milerdquo Connections to Transit 6Bicycling Advances Complete Streets and Transportation Equity 6Support for Bikeability 7
National-Level Support 7Support for Bike-Friendly Environments in Delaware 8Delaware Policy Framework Support 8Advocacy and Advisement 10Education and Outreach 11
Barriers to Bikeability 11
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment 12Identify and Involve Stakeholders 12Review Existing Plans Policies and Programs 12
Local Plans Policies and Programs 12Federal State and Regional Planning Resources 14
Gather Data and Select an Area for a Low-Stress Bicycle Assessment 15Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress Bikeability Basemap from DelDOT 15Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area 16
iii Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment and Workshop 17Pre-Tour the Selected Area 17Plan Workshop Logistics 18Prepare Workshop Materials 18
Review the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ndash ldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo 19Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts 21Consider Supplemental Data-Collection Methods 46
Step 2 The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment 48Facilitate the Workshop 48Explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist 49
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist 50Conduct the In-Field Assessment 56Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise 56
Step 3 Post-Assessment 58Identify and Prioritize Concerns 58Prepare a Written Statement 58 Present Findings 59Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships 59Provide Outreach and Education 60Stay Engaged 61
ivThe Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
To ensure that people are able to take advantage of low-stress cycling conditions the network must be defined according to user tolerance and likelihood of use
Extensive research has been conducted on how types ofbike riders may be classified into four distinct groups according to 1) levels of confidence of the bicyclists and 2)conditions of the roadways Potential riders may classifiedas 1) not able or interested (37) 2) interested but concerned (53) 3) enthusiastic and confident (9) or 4)strong and fearless (1)
InTroducTIon
After decades of building car-oriented roadway networksmany streets lack connectivity and do not safely accommo-date pedestrians or bicyclists Individuals from no-carhouseholds students migrant or seasonal workers youthand people who are unable to drive (for various reasons)mdashso-called ldquono-choicerdquo bicycle ridersmdashface substantial challenges and transportation inequities in such a car-dominated culture In recent years there has been a growing recognition of the need to create Complete Streetsby planning designing constructing and maintainingstreets to meet the needs of multi-modal roadway users ofall ages and abilities Improving conditions and opportuni-ties for walking and bicycling as well as integrating walkingand bicycling into local-transportation networks is criticalto instituting Complete Streets one of five elements identi-fied in a framework to plan for Complete Communities inDelaware In addition to fostering active transportation andtransportation equity bicycling promotes activity-friendlyenvironments environmental and economic sustainabilityand ldquofirst- and last-milerdquo connections to transit
What is Low-Stress cycling
Low-Stress Cycling (LSC) refers to the idea that a networkmay be established to ensure that there are ways in which acyclist can easily access areas throughout a transportationnetwork without being an extremely confident rider
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Percentage of cyclists categorized by tolerance for levels of stress (MassDOT 2015)
1
stress and that do not involve an undue level of detourrdquoWhile a small fraction of the population will tolerate sharing a road with heavy or fast traffic most individualsare ldquointerested but concernedrdquo willing to accept only asmall degree of traffic stress In addition a Bicycle AccessVision Plan for Northern Santa Clara County Calif
A study by the Mineta Transportation Institute asserts ldquofora bicycling network to attract the widest possible segmentof the population its most fundamental attribute should below-stress connectivityhellip [It should] provide routes betweenpeoplersquos origins and destinations that do not require cyclists to use links that exceed their tolerance for traffic
Planning for complete communities in delaware
Visualization of how Levels of Traffic Stress may be applied to Delawarersquos transportation system
2
who is an authorized representative of a Delaware local government (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) The three-step process is designed for use by theworkshop facilitator to engage stakeholders
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment ndash provides an advanced preparation process to ensure the success of the low-stress bikeability assessment The process helps identify and engage community members and recommends reviewingplans and planning resources gathering data selecting astudy area and using a series of visual prompts to preparefor the workshop and in-field bikeability assessment
Step 2 The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment ndash preparesworkshop participants using a narrated presentation thatprovides an overview of ldquowhat to look forrdquo during the assessment A Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklistwhich corresponds to the visual prompts and narrated pres-entation is provided for participants to record observationsand bikeability conditions during the in-field bikeability assessment Upon completing the in-field assessment participants immediately reconvene in a facilitated workshop setting for a debriefing and mapping exercise
Step 3 Post-Assessment ndash entails carrying out a processthat involves prioritizing concerns preparing a writtensummary presenting findings to stakeholders and fundingentities gaining support and developing an action planthat considers the need for plans policies design changesfunding support maintenance plansagreements and technical assistance
suggests that ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists will be deterred by traveling long distances to access low-stressroutes cycling on high-speed streets with no bike lanesand gaps in network connectivity
A goal of bicycle-network planning is to improve connec-tivity to key destinations and other transportation modesand provide low-stress routes that attract ldquointerested butconcernedrdquo and ldquono-choicerdquo riders ldquoNo-choicerdquo riders maybe defined as individuals who ride bikes as a primary modeof transportation or ride tofrom a transit location Examplesof ldquono-choicerdquo riders include individuals from non-carhouseholds students migrant or seasonal workers youthand people who are unable to drive (for various reasons)Creating a bike lane alone is not enough to create a low-stress network
Purpose of Tool and Three-Step Process
The purpose of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool is to assist local government officials and community members in assessing the low-stress bikeability of a priorityroadway segment to address the needs of ldquointerested butconcernedrdquo and ldquono-choicerdquo riders The assessment tooland three-step process are designed for use in a facilitatedworkshop setting to engage stakeholdersmdasheither a formalcommittee appointed by a local government or an informalor ad hoc group comprising diverse community representa-tives It is recommended that the workshop be organizedand facilitated by a designated workshop leaderfacilitator
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 3
such as heart disease cancer or diabetesrdquo These diseasescontribute to disability premature death and healthcarecosts Delawarersquos problem is apparent According to a 2014State of Obesity report Delaware has the 17th highestadult obesity rate in the nation Adult obesity in Delawarehas escalated from 171 percent in 2000 to 307 percent in2014 Childhood obesity in Delaware is also a concern ADelaware Survey of Childrenrsquos Health sponsored by
Why BIke
Bicycling Promotes ldquoActivity-Friendlyrdquo
environments
Physical inactivity has increasingly become a product ofAmericarsquos automobile-centricbuilt environments The USDepartment of Health andHuman Servicesrsquo 2008 Physi-cal Activity Guidelines forAmericans recommends thatchildren be physically activefor at least 60 minutes a dayand adults get 30 minutes ofmoderate-intensity aerobicactivity daily five days aweek Yet most Americansdonrsquot meet these recom-mended guidelines and thatlack of activity is posing agreat threat to the health ofour nation
A US Surgeon Generalrsquos report indicates that ldquooneout of every two US adults isliving with a chronic disease
Planning for complete communities in delaware
Adult obesity state-by-state 2014 (RWJF 2015)
4
in a September 2015 Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) research letter Safe cycling is also aconcern in Delaware where there were 15 bicycle-relatedfatalities between 2009 and 2013 Because bicyclists are expected to ride on most roadways itrsquos essential that bicycle facilities safely accommodate and encourage cycling
cycling Benefits Local communities
In addition to public health and active transportation benefits bicycling enhances both the environmental and
Nemours Health and Prevention Services indicates that40 percent of children between the ages 2 and 17 wereoverweight or obese in 2011
According to the US Department of Health amp HumanServices ldquoincreasing peoplersquos physical activity levels willsignificantly reduce their risk of chronic diseases and related risk factorsrdquo The US Surgeon General has proposed a Call to Action for Americans to be healthierby increasing their levels of physical activity Improvingthe built environment to provide opportunities for walking and biking is one way to increase peoplersquos physical activity Bicycling can improve both physicaland mental health by reducing the risk of chronic diseases associated with being overweight and obese lowering blood pressure and relieving depression
Bicycling Fosters Active Transportation
Active transportation is any human-powered mode of transportation Bicycle infrastructure and facilities that arewell designed constructed and maintained can promoteactive transportation Cycling as recreation sport andmeans of transportationmdashparticularly for commutingmdashisgrowing in popularity A survey by People for Bikes foundthat of the 318 million people living in the US almost 104million Americans rode a bicycle at least once in 2014 thatyear 45 million used bicycling as a means of transportationHowever along with the increase in cycling is a rise in cycling-related injuries from 1998 to 2012 as documented
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 5
Bicycling Advances complete Streets and
Transportation equity
Historically transportation planning policy and investmentshave focused on auto-centric roadway improvements Anew transportation policy and planning frameworkmdashldquoComplete Streetsrdquomdashfocuses on moving people instead ofcars Complete Streets emphasizes the need for transporta-tion systems to be designed built and maintained for motorized and non-motorized transportation users of allages and abilities Providing a choice of transportationmodes advances transportation equity where transporta-tion policy achieves fair and equitable investment and
access to a range oftransportation options This approach recognizesthe value of trans-portation-systemdiversity and theneed to prioritizeinvestment to affordable modessuch as bicyclingLow-income andminority commu-nities are morelikely to utilizenon-automotive
economic sustainability of communities As an environment- friendly mode of transportation bicycling can decrease carmode share vehicle miles traveled (VMT) auto emissionsand air pollution In addition studies show that communi-ties with multi-modal transportation systems including cycling experience higher property values higher levels ofretail activity and employment and lower-cost transporta-tion options A Journal of Physical Activity and Healtharticle which reported on the studied costs and benefits ofcycling investments in Portland Ore cites the economicpayoffs of bicycle facilitiesmdashinvestments in cycling providelong-term costs savings in health care fuel and lives saved
cycling Provides ldquoFirst- and Last-
Milerdquo connections to Transit
Transportation planners wrestle with thedilemma of how to address first- and last-mile connections to public transit Researchsuggests most people will only walk a distance of one-quarter mile or five to tenminutes but are capable of cycling up tothree miles Therefore bicycling may be aviable option to bridge gaps in first- andlast-mile connections to transit Most public transportation systems are better accommodating cyclists by providing secure parking and allowing riders to bringbicycles on trains and buses
Planning for complete communities in delaware6
In 2010 USDOT issued a policy statement that articulatesthe need to develop fully integrated active-transportationsystems which include bicycling facilities and networksThe policy encourages transportation agencies to planfund and implement improvements to their walking andbicycling networks including linkages to transit Federalstatutes also that require state transportation agencies andmetropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) integratewalking and bicycling facilities and programs in their transportation plans ldquoto ensure the operability of an intermodal transportation systemrdquo
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) an agencywithin USDOT supports a flexible approach to bicycle andpedestrian facility design It advocates the use of AmericanAssociation of State Highway and Transportation Officialsrsquo(AASHTO) Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilitiesas the primary national resource for planning designingand operating bicycle and pedestrian facilities It also advocates the use of provisions within the federal Manualof Uniform Traffic Control Devices and the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) UrbanBikeway Design Guide to build upon the flexibilities provided in the AASHTO Guide These resources support aframework to plan and design safe and convenient facilitiesfor bicyclist and non-motorized transportation networks
USDOT has also launched a comprehensive and coordinatedapproach to improve pedestrian and bicycle safety Thestrategy promotes design improvements to ensure safe and
modes Therefore a lens toward transportation equity ensures that different socioeconomic minority and ethnicgroups are being equitably represented in transportation decision-making processes Emphasis is placed on develop-ment of a transportation system that is accessible efficientaffordable and offers safe alternatives to car travel including bicycling
Support for Bikeability
National-Level Support
Creating connected transporta-tion networks is one of four overarching policy priorities forthe US Department of Trans-portation (USDOT) Federal legislation and regulations require inclusion of convenientsafe accessible and context-sensitive bicycle and pedestriancomponents into all transporta-tion plans and projects to meetthe needs of people of all agesand abilities Recent federal policy initiatives have increasedan emphasis on bikeable environments or ldquobikeabilityrdquowhich describes the extent to which individuals feel comfortable navigating their community by bike
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 7
and well-maintained cycling network that emphasizesshort-trip distances fosters multi-modal trips andintegrates educational programs
Delaware Policy Framework Support
The State of Delaware has long-recognized the benefits ofdeveloping an integrated multi-modal transportation system to improve the economic and environmental sustainability of communities and quality of life for allDelawareans The state has prioritized the need to plan foran integrated non-motorized pathway and recreationaltrail network for recreational and transportation purposesIn 2015 the League of American Bicyclists named Delawareas the 3rd best Bike Friendly State in the US thanks tostate policies dedicated funding for cycling projects safetycampaigns and strong advocacy
Delaware has worked for more than two decades to improvebikeability in Delaware Consistent with federal transporta-tion investment policies and directives DelDOT has shiftedaway from an auto-centric transportation system to onethat provides safe efficient and multi-modal optionsFormed in 1990 the Delaware Bicycle Council has been instrumental in integrating bicycling into Delawarersquos transportation network Appointed by the Governor itsmembers consist of state agency officials and private citizens who are charged with reviewing and improvingupon bicycling bicycle safety and bicycle-safety educationin Delaware In 1995 a Statewide Facilities Master Plan was
efficient routes for pedestrians and bicycles promote behavioral safety and provide education to help individualsmake safer travel choices The national safety campaign Toward Zero Deaths articulates the goal of ldquoworking toward no fatalities across all modes of travelrdquo
Support for Bike-Friendly Environments inDelaware
According to the League of American Bicyclists a BicycleFriendly Community has essential elements across fivecategories known as the ldquoFive Ersquosrdquo
1Engineering ndash presence of infrastructure that provides an interconnected and well-maintained bicycling network
2Education ndash delivery of a bicycle-safety education program that builds cycling skills provides training andimproves awareness of cyclingmotorist rights and responsibilities
3Encouragement ndash institution of a strong bike culture 4Enforcement ndash adoption and enforcement of laws to
treat bicyclists equitably within the transportation system 5Evaluation and planning ndash creation of an interconnected
Planning for complete communities in delaware8
2015 ranking of Delaware asthe third most Bicycle Friendly State (League of American Bicyclists)
placement of new facilities in transportation-improvementprojects
Delawarersquos Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Program ndashThis program was established in 2002 to allocate state fundingtoward infrastructure projects that directly support increasedsafety and convenience for elementary and middle schoolchildren to bicycle andor walk to and from school
Complete Streets ndash On April 24 2009 Delaware GovernorJack A Markell issued Executive Order No 6 and DelDOTsubsequently adopted a Complete Streets policy in 2010 Acomplete street is a transportation facility that is planneddesigned operated and maintained to provide safe mobilityfor users of all ages and abilities including bicyclists pedestrians transit riders and motorists appropriate to thefunction and context of the facility Complete streets facilitate active transportation
Vulnerable Users Law ndash Delaware became the secondstate to sign this into law in August 2010 The law increasespenalties for drivers convicted of careless driving that results in the injury of a vulnerable user of the statersquos roadsA ldquovulnerable userrdquo includes pedestrians individuals working on the road cyclists skateboarders and anyone onroller skates scooters mopeds motorcycles farm tractorsor those riding animals
Walkable Bikeable Delaware ndash The Delaware GeneralAssembly unanimously passed this initiative in May 2011
approved which recognizes bicycling as an integral part ofthe transportation system and includes bicycles withintransportation planning DelDOT appointed its first bicyclepedestrian coordinator in 2001 to address transportation issues of non-motorized users Delawarersquosstrong policy framework for bikeability includesadoptionimplementation of the following
Statewide Bicycle Policy ndash Issued in 2000 this policy requires a minimum of a five-foot-wide shoulder for cyclistsas the transportation system expands and encourages the
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 9
To support the Initiative the Delaware General Assemblypassed Senate Concurrent Resolution 13 in June 2011This resolution approved the study of the building and maintaining of non-motorized travel connections withinand between communities cities and towns in Delawareand to link these connections to form uninterrupted networks for walking and bicycling
Advocacy and Advisement
Statewide advocacy is strong thanks to a network of partner organizations that seek to promote healthylifestyles improve opportunities for active transportationand help plan effective safe and well-connected bikewaynetworks Bike Delaware a non-profit advocacy organization has been working to make bicycling a safeconvenient and fun transportation option in DelawareThe Delaware Council on Health Promotion and DiseasePrevention (CHPDP) was established in May 2010 by Governor Jack Markell ldquoto advise the Governor and Executive Branch on the development and coordination ofstrategies policies programs and other actions statewide topromote healthy lifestylesrdquo Other groupsinitiatives working to support active lifestyles include the DelawareCoalition for Healthy Eating and Active Living(DE HEAL) the Get Up and Do Something campaignDelaware Greenways Sussex Outdoors and NemoursHealth amp Prevention Services (NHPS)
It calls for Delaware to strategically invest in walking andbiking connectivitymdashto design build maintain and linknon-motorized transportation networks both within andamong Delaware communities Since 2011 the DelawareGeneral Assembly and the Wilmington Area PlanningCouncil (WILMAPCO) have invested considerable state andfederal funding in statewide pedestrian and bicycle improvements greenways and trails projects
Delaware Trails and Pathways Initiative ndash In 2011Delaware Governor Markell challenged a team of stateagencies to ldquocreate a world-class statewide network of pathways and trails for Delawarersquos citizens and visitors topromote biking hiking walking and active livingrdquo To meet this challenge DelDOT and the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) led and formed a partnership with regional and local organizations and government to create the Delaware Trailsand Pathways Initiative Its goal is to create an intercon-nected network of shared-use trails and pathways that willsupport non-motorized travel and recreation opportunitiesfor Delawareans and visitors The focus is on bicycling andwalking and providing safe and convenient ways to reachlocal work shops schools recreational sites and transit
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware10
work Other bicycling hurdles include perceptions that facilities or conditions are unsafe absence of traffic-calmingmeasures lack of law enforcement and insufficient educa-tion and outreach to promote bicycling as a viable form oftransportation Addressing these barriers to bikeability iscritically important to ldquono-choicerdquo riders ie those whorely on biking as their primary form of transportation orbike as a first- or last-mile connection to transit
Education and Outreach
Delaware has also utilized education and outreach to ramp-up support for safe cycling The Delaware Strategic HighwaySafety Plan is a statewide coordinated safety plan that aimsto eliminate fatalities on Delaware roadways through amulti-agency approach In 2013 DelDOT formed the PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Group Comprising various highway safety stakeholders its goal isto identify evaluate and implement pedestrianbicycle-related safety improvementsthroughout the state and along several corridorsthat exhibit higher-than-average pedestriancrash rates Several municipalities have also appointed bicycle committees to improve cycling facilities and infrastructure to enhancebikeability
Barriers to Bikeability
Despite strong support for cycling in Delawareobstacles still exist Major barriers to bicyclinginclude geographical or access barriers (eghighways railroad tracks terrain) high-stressstreets with high traffic volume and speeds andintersection issues End-of-trip facilities such asplaces to shower and change and secure sheltered parking that protects bikes from theftand poor weather can be a deterrent to cyclistsmdashparticularly those who commute to
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 11
interests The workshop should be publicized at least 4ndash6weeks in advance of the meeting through a mix of printand digital media Notifications can be posted in local gathering spots or destinations such as schools town hallmunicipal building library and recreation or communitycenters Websites of the local government schools andcommunity and civic organizations can provide outreachvia social media or online ldquonewsrdquo Direct personal contactcan be made to target participation from key stakeholdersincluding local government staff members local electedand appointed officials state legislators public safety agencies health- and safety-advocacy groups bicycle andrecreation enthusiasts local school leaders leaders ofneighborhood civic associations citizen organization representatives local business representatives members ofthe media officials from DelDOT and MPOs and otheridentified stakeholders Ideally the targeted group shouldconsist of approximately 20ndash40 people Identifying champions and gaining advocacy can help build supportfor plans policies funding and technical assistance to improve bicycle infrastructure and conditions
review existing Plans Policies and Programs
Local Plans Policies and Programs
Local government comprehensive plans are the foundationfor land-use planning in Delaware The comprehensive plancommunicates a communityrsquos goals and vision for the future provides a blueprint for future land use and provides
STeP 1 The Pre-ASSeSSMenT
Advanced preparation is critical to ensuring the success ofthe low-stress bikeability assessment process and achievingmeaningful outcomes While the assessment process maybe organized by a formal committee or ad hoc group theoverall process should be planned lead and facilitated byan individual (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) that is designated by a local government
Identify and Involve Stakeholders
Public involvement is a fundamental part of the low-stressbikeability assessment process Stakeholders should be identified and involved throughout the process whetherthe assessment is led and facilitated in-house or by a consultant Participants in the assessment processworkshopwill vary depending on the size and composition of the jurisdiction and the outreach effort For example largermunicipalities may already have and wish to involve a bicycle committee that comprises interested stakeholdersworking to improve bicycling conditions Other jurisdictionsmay wish to involve Planning Commission membersandor consider forming an ad hoc committee consisting ofstakeholders andor volunteers who are interestedinvestedin improving the low-stress bikeability of a specific area
In either case additional outreach should be conducted tomake sure participants are diverse and represent community
Planning for complete communities in delaware12
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
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((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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( (
FA
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +-(--(012(0345(-167189((-(37lt2lt=-(0lt7=72gt($amp())+(-+((amp0(+0)amp(1$(2)amp23)$0+4)+((1amp51(amp(1)+4)(+0$(+amp067(1)8+)-(1)amp()9)amp))3)6
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$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
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(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
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((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
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6
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
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rk
$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
899019(=$amp+(107)amp(0amp($(+(8amp(-+-+ampgt()6)-(0amp(amp((0amp((()+-amp+(+(7(lt)amp4(((
((((((((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
$amp
(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
$4gt+8F7-$0+17AB)4-27(6+2(0)(1(1(58(511+()+1()061(-2)+-0(3(0027lt(27()--(4-19(0gtamp20(7001+(74+(2))(C8()-20--19(09(1)162-748((1282()-)+240(gt
64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
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ITIo
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$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
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Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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IT In
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n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
PrefACe
As the Director of the Institute for Public Administration (IPA) at the University of Delaware I am pleased to provide Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool The Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Tool is designed to guide local governments 1) in evaluating the extent to which average bicycle riders can easilyaccess low-stress areas and 2) in developing strategies to leverage state investments to improve local cycling networks and bicycle infrastructure Preparation of this assessment tool is part of a larger Planning for Complete Communities in Delawareinitiative that is an ongoing collaboration between IPA and the Delaware Department of Transportation (DelDOT) whichprovided funding for this project Associate policy scientist William DeCoursey public administration fellow Kirsten Jonesand policy scientist Marcia Scott led the project team that researched several low-stress approaches to attract the mainstreampopulation in Delaware to bicycle networks gained input from stakeholder groups and prepared the assessment tool Thistool is a resource for Delaware local governments that are considering ways to improve low-stress bikeability for areas withintheir community It will be available as a downloadable document on IPArsquos online Delaware Complete Communities Toolbox and Toolkit for a Healthy Delaware I hope that local government officials and stakeholders will use this assessment tool to foster complete streets and active-transportation opportunities for community members
Jerome R Lewis PhDDirector Institute for Public Administration
i Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
ACknowLeDgemenTS
IPA Project Team
Authors William DeCoursey Kirsten Jones and Marcia Scott with assistance from public administration fellows Savannah Edwards Scott Eisenhart and Gemma Tierney
Project Support
The project team thanks the following individualsorganizations for their valuable insight and contributions to the development of this assessment tool
Anthony Aglio DelDOT PlanningMark Deshon Newark Bicycle CommitteeHeather Dunigan WILMAPCOBernie Gilbert DelDOT PlanningPeter Haag DelDOT TrafficPatrick Kennedy Federal Highway AdministrationMichael Krumrine Delaware State ParksPaul Moser DelDOT PlanningRalph Reeb DelDOT PlanningRichard Vetter DoverKent County MPOAdam Weiser DelDOT TrafficThe Newark Bicycle CommitteeWILMAPCOrsquos Non-Motorized Working GroupDoverKent County MPOrsquos Technical and Public Advisory CommitteesState of Delaware PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Committee
Editing design and production by Deshon amp Associates Graphic Design (Newark Del)
iiThe Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
TABLe of ConTenTS
Introduction 1What is Low-Stress Cycling 1 Purpose of Tool and Three-Step Process 3
why Bike 4Bicycling Promotes ldquoActivity-Friendlyrdquo Environments 4Bicycling Fosters Active Transportation 5Cycling Benefits Local Communities 5Cycling Provides ldquoFirst- and Last-Milerdquo Connections to Transit 6Bicycling Advances Complete Streets and Transportation Equity 6Support for Bikeability 7
National-Level Support 7Support for Bike-Friendly Environments in Delaware 8Delaware Policy Framework Support 8Advocacy and Advisement 10Education and Outreach 11
Barriers to Bikeability 11
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment 12Identify and Involve Stakeholders 12Review Existing Plans Policies and Programs 12
Local Plans Policies and Programs 12Federal State and Regional Planning Resources 14
Gather Data and Select an Area for a Low-Stress Bicycle Assessment 15Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress Bikeability Basemap from DelDOT 15Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area 16
iii Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment and Workshop 17Pre-Tour the Selected Area 17Plan Workshop Logistics 18Prepare Workshop Materials 18
Review the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ndash ldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo 19Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts 21Consider Supplemental Data-Collection Methods 46
Step 2 The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment 48Facilitate the Workshop 48Explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist 49
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist 50Conduct the In-Field Assessment 56Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise 56
Step 3 Post-Assessment 58Identify and Prioritize Concerns 58Prepare a Written Statement 58 Present Findings 59Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships 59Provide Outreach and Education 60Stay Engaged 61
ivThe Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
To ensure that people are able to take advantage of low-stress cycling conditions the network must be defined according to user tolerance and likelihood of use
Extensive research has been conducted on how types ofbike riders may be classified into four distinct groups according to 1) levels of confidence of the bicyclists and 2)conditions of the roadways Potential riders may classifiedas 1) not able or interested (37) 2) interested but concerned (53) 3) enthusiastic and confident (9) or 4)strong and fearless (1)
InTroducTIon
After decades of building car-oriented roadway networksmany streets lack connectivity and do not safely accommo-date pedestrians or bicyclists Individuals from no-carhouseholds students migrant or seasonal workers youthand people who are unable to drive (for various reasons)mdashso-called ldquono-choicerdquo bicycle ridersmdashface substantial challenges and transportation inequities in such a car-dominated culture In recent years there has been a growing recognition of the need to create Complete Streetsby planning designing constructing and maintainingstreets to meet the needs of multi-modal roadway users ofall ages and abilities Improving conditions and opportuni-ties for walking and bicycling as well as integrating walkingand bicycling into local-transportation networks is criticalto instituting Complete Streets one of five elements identi-fied in a framework to plan for Complete Communities inDelaware In addition to fostering active transportation andtransportation equity bicycling promotes activity-friendlyenvironments environmental and economic sustainabilityand ldquofirst- and last-milerdquo connections to transit
What is Low-Stress cycling
Low-Stress Cycling (LSC) refers to the idea that a networkmay be established to ensure that there are ways in which acyclist can easily access areas throughout a transportationnetwork without being an extremely confident rider
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Percentage of cyclists categorized by tolerance for levels of stress (MassDOT 2015)
1
stress and that do not involve an undue level of detourrdquoWhile a small fraction of the population will tolerate sharing a road with heavy or fast traffic most individualsare ldquointerested but concernedrdquo willing to accept only asmall degree of traffic stress In addition a Bicycle AccessVision Plan for Northern Santa Clara County Calif
A study by the Mineta Transportation Institute asserts ldquofora bicycling network to attract the widest possible segmentof the population its most fundamental attribute should below-stress connectivityhellip [It should] provide routes betweenpeoplersquos origins and destinations that do not require cyclists to use links that exceed their tolerance for traffic
Planning for complete communities in delaware
Visualization of how Levels of Traffic Stress may be applied to Delawarersquos transportation system
2
who is an authorized representative of a Delaware local government (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) The three-step process is designed for use by theworkshop facilitator to engage stakeholders
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment ndash provides an advanced preparation process to ensure the success of the low-stress bikeability assessment The process helps identify and engage community members and recommends reviewingplans and planning resources gathering data selecting astudy area and using a series of visual prompts to preparefor the workshop and in-field bikeability assessment
Step 2 The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment ndash preparesworkshop participants using a narrated presentation thatprovides an overview of ldquowhat to look forrdquo during the assessment A Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklistwhich corresponds to the visual prompts and narrated pres-entation is provided for participants to record observationsand bikeability conditions during the in-field bikeability assessment Upon completing the in-field assessment participants immediately reconvene in a facilitated workshop setting for a debriefing and mapping exercise
Step 3 Post-Assessment ndash entails carrying out a processthat involves prioritizing concerns preparing a writtensummary presenting findings to stakeholders and fundingentities gaining support and developing an action planthat considers the need for plans policies design changesfunding support maintenance plansagreements and technical assistance
suggests that ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists will be deterred by traveling long distances to access low-stressroutes cycling on high-speed streets with no bike lanesand gaps in network connectivity
A goal of bicycle-network planning is to improve connec-tivity to key destinations and other transportation modesand provide low-stress routes that attract ldquointerested butconcernedrdquo and ldquono-choicerdquo riders ldquoNo-choicerdquo riders maybe defined as individuals who ride bikes as a primary modeof transportation or ride tofrom a transit location Examplesof ldquono-choicerdquo riders include individuals from non-carhouseholds students migrant or seasonal workers youthand people who are unable to drive (for various reasons)Creating a bike lane alone is not enough to create a low-stress network
Purpose of Tool and Three-Step Process
The purpose of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool is to assist local government officials and community members in assessing the low-stress bikeability of a priorityroadway segment to address the needs of ldquointerested butconcernedrdquo and ldquono-choicerdquo riders The assessment tooland three-step process are designed for use in a facilitatedworkshop setting to engage stakeholdersmdasheither a formalcommittee appointed by a local government or an informalor ad hoc group comprising diverse community representa-tives It is recommended that the workshop be organizedand facilitated by a designated workshop leaderfacilitator
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 3
such as heart disease cancer or diabetesrdquo These diseasescontribute to disability premature death and healthcarecosts Delawarersquos problem is apparent According to a 2014State of Obesity report Delaware has the 17th highestadult obesity rate in the nation Adult obesity in Delawarehas escalated from 171 percent in 2000 to 307 percent in2014 Childhood obesity in Delaware is also a concern ADelaware Survey of Childrenrsquos Health sponsored by
Why BIke
Bicycling Promotes ldquoActivity-Friendlyrdquo
environments
Physical inactivity has increasingly become a product ofAmericarsquos automobile-centricbuilt environments The USDepartment of Health andHuman Servicesrsquo 2008 Physi-cal Activity Guidelines forAmericans recommends thatchildren be physically activefor at least 60 minutes a dayand adults get 30 minutes ofmoderate-intensity aerobicactivity daily five days aweek Yet most Americansdonrsquot meet these recom-mended guidelines and thatlack of activity is posing agreat threat to the health ofour nation
A US Surgeon Generalrsquos report indicates that ldquooneout of every two US adults isliving with a chronic disease
Planning for complete communities in delaware
Adult obesity state-by-state 2014 (RWJF 2015)
4
in a September 2015 Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) research letter Safe cycling is also aconcern in Delaware where there were 15 bicycle-relatedfatalities between 2009 and 2013 Because bicyclists are expected to ride on most roadways itrsquos essential that bicycle facilities safely accommodate and encourage cycling
cycling Benefits Local communities
In addition to public health and active transportation benefits bicycling enhances both the environmental and
Nemours Health and Prevention Services indicates that40 percent of children between the ages 2 and 17 wereoverweight or obese in 2011
According to the US Department of Health amp HumanServices ldquoincreasing peoplersquos physical activity levels willsignificantly reduce their risk of chronic diseases and related risk factorsrdquo The US Surgeon General has proposed a Call to Action for Americans to be healthierby increasing their levels of physical activity Improvingthe built environment to provide opportunities for walking and biking is one way to increase peoplersquos physical activity Bicycling can improve both physicaland mental health by reducing the risk of chronic diseases associated with being overweight and obese lowering blood pressure and relieving depression
Bicycling Fosters Active Transportation
Active transportation is any human-powered mode of transportation Bicycle infrastructure and facilities that arewell designed constructed and maintained can promoteactive transportation Cycling as recreation sport andmeans of transportationmdashparticularly for commutingmdashisgrowing in popularity A survey by People for Bikes foundthat of the 318 million people living in the US almost 104million Americans rode a bicycle at least once in 2014 thatyear 45 million used bicycling as a means of transportationHowever along with the increase in cycling is a rise in cycling-related injuries from 1998 to 2012 as documented
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 5
Bicycling Advances complete Streets and
Transportation equity
Historically transportation planning policy and investmentshave focused on auto-centric roadway improvements Anew transportation policy and planning frameworkmdashldquoComplete Streetsrdquomdashfocuses on moving people instead ofcars Complete Streets emphasizes the need for transporta-tion systems to be designed built and maintained for motorized and non-motorized transportation users of allages and abilities Providing a choice of transportationmodes advances transportation equity where transporta-tion policy achieves fair and equitable investment and
access to a range oftransportation options This approach recognizesthe value of trans-portation-systemdiversity and theneed to prioritizeinvestment to affordable modessuch as bicyclingLow-income andminority commu-nities are morelikely to utilizenon-automotive
economic sustainability of communities As an environment- friendly mode of transportation bicycling can decrease carmode share vehicle miles traveled (VMT) auto emissionsand air pollution In addition studies show that communi-ties with multi-modal transportation systems including cycling experience higher property values higher levels ofretail activity and employment and lower-cost transporta-tion options A Journal of Physical Activity and Healtharticle which reported on the studied costs and benefits ofcycling investments in Portland Ore cites the economicpayoffs of bicycle facilitiesmdashinvestments in cycling providelong-term costs savings in health care fuel and lives saved
cycling Provides ldquoFirst- and Last-
Milerdquo connections to Transit
Transportation planners wrestle with thedilemma of how to address first- and last-mile connections to public transit Researchsuggests most people will only walk a distance of one-quarter mile or five to tenminutes but are capable of cycling up tothree miles Therefore bicycling may be aviable option to bridge gaps in first- andlast-mile connections to transit Most public transportation systems are better accommodating cyclists by providing secure parking and allowing riders to bringbicycles on trains and buses
Planning for complete communities in delaware6
In 2010 USDOT issued a policy statement that articulatesthe need to develop fully integrated active-transportationsystems which include bicycling facilities and networksThe policy encourages transportation agencies to planfund and implement improvements to their walking andbicycling networks including linkages to transit Federalstatutes also that require state transportation agencies andmetropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) integratewalking and bicycling facilities and programs in their transportation plans ldquoto ensure the operability of an intermodal transportation systemrdquo
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) an agencywithin USDOT supports a flexible approach to bicycle andpedestrian facility design It advocates the use of AmericanAssociation of State Highway and Transportation Officialsrsquo(AASHTO) Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilitiesas the primary national resource for planning designingand operating bicycle and pedestrian facilities It also advocates the use of provisions within the federal Manualof Uniform Traffic Control Devices and the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) UrbanBikeway Design Guide to build upon the flexibilities provided in the AASHTO Guide These resources support aframework to plan and design safe and convenient facilitiesfor bicyclist and non-motorized transportation networks
USDOT has also launched a comprehensive and coordinatedapproach to improve pedestrian and bicycle safety Thestrategy promotes design improvements to ensure safe and
modes Therefore a lens toward transportation equity ensures that different socioeconomic minority and ethnicgroups are being equitably represented in transportation decision-making processes Emphasis is placed on develop-ment of a transportation system that is accessible efficientaffordable and offers safe alternatives to car travel including bicycling
Support for Bikeability
National-Level Support
Creating connected transporta-tion networks is one of four overarching policy priorities forthe US Department of Trans-portation (USDOT) Federal legislation and regulations require inclusion of convenientsafe accessible and context-sensitive bicycle and pedestriancomponents into all transporta-tion plans and projects to meetthe needs of people of all agesand abilities Recent federal policy initiatives have increasedan emphasis on bikeable environments or ldquobikeabilityrdquowhich describes the extent to which individuals feel comfortable navigating their community by bike
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 7
and well-maintained cycling network that emphasizesshort-trip distances fosters multi-modal trips andintegrates educational programs
Delaware Policy Framework Support
The State of Delaware has long-recognized the benefits ofdeveloping an integrated multi-modal transportation system to improve the economic and environmental sustainability of communities and quality of life for allDelawareans The state has prioritized the need to plan foran integrated non-motorized pathway and recreationaltrail network for recreational and transportation purposesIn 2015 the League of American Bicyclists named Delawareas the 3rd best Bike Friendly State in the US thanks tostate policies dedicated funding for cycling projects safetycampaigns and strong advocacy
Delaware has worked for more than two decades to improvebikeability in Delaware Consistent with federal transporta-tion investment policies and directives DelDOT has shiftedaway from an auto-centric transportation system to onethat provides safe efficient and multi-modal optionsFormed in 1990 the Delaware Bicycle Council has been instrumental in integrating bicycling into Delawarersquos transportation network Appointed by the Governor itsmembers consist of state agency officials and private citizens who are charged with reviewing and improvingupon bicycling bicycle safety and bicycle-safety educationin Delaware In 1995 a Statewide Facilities Master Plan was
efficient routes for pedestrians and bicycles promote behavioral safety and provide education to help individualsmake safer travel choices The national safety campaign Toward Zero Deaths articulates the goal of ldquoworking toward no fatalities across all modes of travelrdquo
Support for Bike-Friendly Environments inDelaware
According to the League of American Bicyclists a BicycleFriendly Community has essential elements across fivecategories known as the ldquoFive Ersquosrdquo
1Engineering ndash presence of infrastructure that provides an interconnected and well-maintained bicycling network
2Education ndash delivery of a bicycle-safety education program that builds cycling skills provides training andimproves awareness of cyclingmotorist rights and responsibilities
3Encouragement ndash institution of a strong bike culture 4Enforcement ndash adoption and enforcement of laws to
treat bicyclists equitably within the transportation system 5Evaluation and planning ndash creation of an interconnected
Planning for complete communities in delaware8
2015 ranking of Delaware asthe third most Bicycle Friendly State (League of American Bicyclists)
placement of new facilities in transportation-improvementprojects
Delawarersquos Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Program ndashThis program was established in 2002 to allocate state fundingtoward infrastructure projects that directly support increasedsafety and convenience for elementary and middle schoolchildren to bicycle andor walk to and from school
Complete Streets ndash On April 24 2009 Delaware GovernorJack A Markell issued Executive Order No 6 and DelDOTsubsequently adopted a Complete Streets policy in 2010 Acomplete street is a transportation facility that is planneddesigned operated and maintained to provide safe mobilityfor users of all ages and abilities including bicyclists pedestrians transit riders and motorists appropriate to thefunction and context of the facility Complete streets facilitate active transportation
Vulnerable Users Law ndash Delaware became the secondstate to sign this into law in August 2010 The law increasespenalties for drivers convicted of careless driving that results in the injury of a vulnerable user of the statersquos roadsA ldquovulnerable userrdquo includes pedestrians individuals working on the road cyclists skateboarders and anyone onroller skates scooters mopeds motorcycles farm tractorsor those riding animals
Walkable Bikeable Delaware ndash The Delaware GeneralAssembly unanimously passed this initiative in May 2011
approved which recognizes bicycling as an integral part ofthe transportation system and includes bicycles withintransportation planning DelDOT appointed its first bicyclepedestrian coordinator in 2001 to address transportation issues of non-motorized users Delawarersquosstrong policy framework for bikeability includesadoptionimplementation of the following
Statewide Bicycle Policy ndash Issued in 2000 this policy requires a minimum of a five-foot-wide shoulder for cyclistsas the transportation system expands and encourages the
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 9
To support the Initiative the Delaware General Assemblypassed Senate Concurrent Resolution 13 in June 2011This resolution approved the study of the building and maintaining of non-motorized travel connections withinand between communities cities and towns in Delawareand to link these connections to form uninterrupted networks for walking and bicycling
Advocacy and Advisement
Statewide advocacy is strong thanks to a network of partner organizations that seek to promote healthylifestyles improve opportunities for active transportationand help plan effective safe and well-connected bikewaynetworks Bike Delaware a non-profit advocacy organization has been working to make bicycling a safeconvenient and fun transportation option in DelawareThe Delaware Council on Health Promotion and DiseasePrevention (CHPDP) was established in May 2010 by Governor Jack Markell ldquoto advise the Governor and Executive Branch on the development and coordination ofstrategies policies programs and other actions statewide topromote healthy lifestylesrdquo Other groupsinitiatives working to support active lifestyles include the DelawareCoalition for Healthy Eating and Active Living(DE HEAL) the Get Up and Do Something campaignDelaware Greenways Sussex Outdoors and NemoursHealth amp Prevention Services (NHPS)
It calls for Delaware to strategically invest in walking andbiking connectivitymdashto design build maintain and linknon-motorized transportation networks both within andamong Delaware communities Since 2011 the DelawareGeneral Assembly and the Wilmington Area PlanningCouncil (WILMAPCO) have invested considerable state andfederal funding in statewide pedestrian and bicycle improvements greenways and trails projects
Delaware Trails and Pathways Initiative ndash In 2011Delaware Governor Markell challenged a team of stateagencies to ldquocreate a world-class statewide network of pathways and trails for Delawarersquos citizens and visitors topromote biking hiking walking and active livingrdquo To meet this challenge DelDOT and the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) led and formed a partnership with regional and local organizations and government to create the Delaware Trailsand Pathways Initiative Its goal is to create an intercon-nected network of shared-use trails and pathways that willsupport non-motorized travel and recreation opportunitiesfor Delawareans and visitors The focus is on bicycling andwalking and providing safe and convenient ways to reachlocal work shops schools recreational sites and transit
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware10
work Other bicycling hurdles include perceptions that facilities or conditions are unsafe absence of traffic-calmingmeasures lack of law enforcement and insufficient educa-tion and outreach to promote bicycling as a viable form oftransportation Addressing these barriers to bikeability iscritically important to ldquono-choicerdquo riders ie those whorely on biking as their primary form of transportation orbike as a first- or last-mile connection to transit
Education and Outreach
Delaware has also utilized education and outreach to ramp-up support for safe cycling The Delaware Strategic HighwaySafety Plan is a statewide coordinated safety plan that aimsto eliminate fatalities on Delaware roadways through amulti-agency approach In 2013 DelDOT formed the PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Group Comprising various highway safety stakeholders its goal isto identify evaluate and implement pedestrianbicycle-related safety improvementsthroughout the state and along several corridorsthat exhibit higher-than-average pedestriancrash rates Several municipalities have also appointed bicycle committees to improve cycling facilities and infrastructure to enhancebikeability
Barriers to Bikeability
Despite strong support for cycling in Delawareobstacles still exist Major barriers to bicyclinginclude geographical or access barriers (eghighways railroad tracks terrain) high-stressstreets with high traffic volume and speeds andintersection issues End-of-trip facilities such asplaces to shower and change and secure sheltered parking that protects bikes from theftand poor weather can be a deterrent to cyclistsmdashparticularly those who commute to
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 11
interests The workshop should be publicized at least 4ndash6weeks in advance of the meeting through a mix of printand digital media Notifications can be posted in local gathering spots or destinations such as schools town hallmunicipal building library and recreation or communitycenters Websites of the local government schools andcommunity and civic organizations can provide outreachvia social media or online ldquonewsrdquo Direct personal contactcan be made to target participation from key stakeholdersincluding local government staff members local electedand appointed officials state legislators public safety agencies health- and safety-advocacy groups bicycle andrecreation enthusiasts local school leaders leaders ofneighborhood civic associations citizen organization representatives local business representatives members ofthe media officials from DelDOT and MPOs and otheridentified stakeholders Ideally the targeted group shouldconsist of approximately 20ndash40 people Identifying champions and gaining advocacy can help build supportfor plans policies funding and technical assistance to improve bicycle infrastructure and conditions
review existing Plans Policies and Programs
Local Plans Policies and Programs
Local government comprehensive plans are the foundationfor land-use planning in Delaware The comprehensive plancommunicates a communityrsquos goals and vision for the future provides a blueprint for future land use and provides
STeP 1 The Pre-ASSeSSMenT
Advanced preparation is critical to ensuring the success ofthe low-stress bikeability assessment process and achievingmeaningful outcomes While the assessment process maybe organized by a formal committee or ad hoc group theoverall process should be planned lead and facilitated byan individual (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) that is designated by a local government
Identify and Involve Stakeholders
Public involvement is a fundamental part of the low-stressbikeability assessment process Stakeholders should be identified and involved throughout the process whetherthe assessment is led and facilitated in-house or by a consultant Participants in the assessment processworkshopwill vary depending on the size and composition of the jurisdiction and the outreach effort For example largermunicipalities may already have and wish to involve a bicycle committee that comprises interested stakeholdersworking to improve bicycling conditions Other jurisdictionsmay wish to involve Planning Commission membersandor consider forming an ad hoc committee consisting ofstakeholders andor volunteers who are interestedinvestedin improving the low-stress bikeability of a specific area
In either case additional outreach should be conducted tomake sure participants are diverse and represent community
Planning for complete communities in delaware12
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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8-9)1200($amp160amp018$$0(-$+ampamp0-(-07(amp7$-amp2$405$-$+$$(1$-1)1208
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)-7445-AB-C45lt9)120amp5$2-(amp$+ampamp$-amp46amp)amp(1amp3lt-22-6002amp-lt$8
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
FAc
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((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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-)Alt2=)B45)C71578(59amp$amp1amp+()1$501-amp$56amp1lt+1+amp5(0(99($414+amp091(+19(lt(-(-amp$56
Alt2=)B45)C71578(5amp$5++-140amp+)1amp$$++amp04+6=0amp)2-lt(lt1gt1(+19$1amp$1lt-($-11$5amp(56
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-)Alt2=)17-487Damp$5+amp0(99($41amp$$++211$1+14(0(B+11-1+4$(1+194)4((E211419-ltamp)91amp(B940+(amp(1+6
Alt2=)17-4871+1gtamp$+gt1gt9F42+4$-amp++amp4amp+2+-1gt+2+$-11+2(amp(+2$14()$+2amp0amp+(+1gt+6G-)ampampgtgt1amp$-amplt-(1amp(5H(6621+amp(+2Bamp++211-(gt0(+I6
Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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S
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+ -)012034)30546)72)12)0)14851-2)5905)1)lt4=425)gt059-739)9006)gt-)8A81656B)$ampamp(ampamp)+amp-$0$1$$-2)amp$amp34$)amp0ampamp-$0amp+$1$5)6$)amp00$amp)2-7$amp$+6389amp)$)amp()$2$0amp+$1$9)077$amp90$+0222$-2)amp$9)$)0$(23
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D465lt)2)$)amp=)90+71097$amp29amp$$7)22-amp$1$-2)amp$9amp0$1($ampamp(9)077$amp$223
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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(D643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(120+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(02)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(23()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
(D643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2(2)($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp(amp$96((
(EA-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(+0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
( (
)
+ -)--)0-1234)5-67-1)6)869)60-1-9)655-lt)lt9lt21)165-9)=-+3+gt)lt71gt)622431gt)640A)A-)17lt7-1BC)$amp()+)(amp-(+0amp1amp)amp(+(01+(2(32amp1(021amp0)(amp(amp432)+)()2($amp()+)(+00amp5)(+(5$056(
( ( (643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(0+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(2)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(3()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
G--)E6F243)D-12347(gt2=amp5(42(3+0()(3+-5(0+(+5()(amp-(1+6(amp(amp11(+112(5amp=()2(23()amp(522(amp1(amp=amp(0901amp)(3+0()2()+9(01+(2()(5+2$(amp43+0)(A26((
G-1)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(31+05()()+amp0(+5(amp-(1+6(amp(1amp4amp)(0+(522(24(amp(235(2)2()(amp-(1+(+5(32)0)(0901amp)(24(42=amp(0+6(
( (643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2()($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp($96((
$8HAH-9)E6lt-0)-67-17(D24(5amp(+)$(2$15((3)($)(31+05(2$)amp5(2()(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp6(E10)2(+5($43(0+(+1)(5amp=()2()+9(2$)(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(+(12(+(+(amp0901()amp(amp11(2)(amp)(2(2()(+)$(+5($1)(amp(+(+00amp5)6((
( (A-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
G--)7)D-12347(E2$55(0$()+)(+112(+(+5()1(amp43+0)(amp)(0$6(8901amp)(02$15(+12(+amp19(42=($3()(0$()2(+=2amp5(amp))amp(2)(20)(amp()(amp-(1+6((
( (
FA
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +-(--(012(0345(-167189((-(37lt2lt=-(0lt7=72gt($amp())+(-+((amp0(+0)amp(1$(2)amp23)$0+4)+((1amp51(amp(1)+4)(+0$(+amp067(1)8+)-(1)amp()9)amp))3)6
($01718(lt3+(+(amp34(amp)(1)$+3+(lt-9((1)0+(4+$22)$-2)=)0(+051+gt1)$9+3+(lt(amp$)3ltamp0(+0)amp0(1)amp()6(
$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
) 210-+ampamp$ (amp)
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
112879860736354032-+( ampamp 1-(0 0
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
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6amp02032332
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
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6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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amp
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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(((((((((((((((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
(
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0933-2032$-8033
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2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
899019(=$amp+(107)amp(0amp($(+(8amp(-+-+ampgt()6)-(0amp(amp((0amp((()+-amp+(+(7(lt)amp4(((
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Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
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C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
$4gt+8F7-$0+17AB)4-27(6+2(0)(1(1(58(511+()+1()061(-2)+-0(3(0027lt(27()--(4-19(0gtamp20(7001+(74+(2))(C8()-20--19(09(1)162-748((1282()-)+240(gt
64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
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$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
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Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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VIS
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$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
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5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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(
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Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
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)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware40
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$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
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$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
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))
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))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
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779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
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$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
ACknowLeDgemenTS
IPA Project Team
Authors William DeCoursey Kirsten Jones and Marcia Scott with assistance from public administration fellows Savannah Edwards Scott Eisenhart and Gemma Tierney
Project Support
The project team thanks the following individualsorganizations for their valuable insight and contributions to the development of this assessment tool
Anthony Aglio DelDOT PlanningMark Deshon Newark Bicycle CommitteeHeather Dunigan WILMAPCOBernie Gilbert DelDOT PlanningPeter Haag DelDOT TrafficPatrick Kennedy Federal Highway AdministrationMichael Krumrine Delaware State ParksPaul Moser DelDOT PlanningRalph Reeb DelDOT PlanningRichard Vetter DoverKent County MPOAdam Weiser DelDOT TrafficThe Newark Bicycle CommitteeWILMAPCOrsquos Non-Motorized Working GroupDoverKent County MPOrsquos Technical and Public Advisory CommitteesState of Delaware PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Committee
Editing design and production by Deshon amp Associates Graphic Design (Newark Del)
iiThe Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
TABLe of ConTenTS
Introduction 1What is Low-Stress Cycling 1 Purpose of Tool and Three-Step Process 3
why Bike 4Bicycling Promotes ldquoActivity-Friendlyrdquo Environments 4Bicycling Fosters Active Transportation 5Cycling Benefits Local Communities 5Cycling Provides ldquoFirst- and Last-Milerdquo Connections to Transit 6Bicycling Advances Complete Streets and Transportation Equity 6Support for Bikeability 7
National-Level Support 7Support for Bike-Friendly Environments in Delaware 8Delaware Policy Framework Support 8Advocacy and Advisement 10Education and Outreach 11
Barriers to Bikeability 11
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment 12Identify and Involve Stakeholders 12Review Existing Plans Policies and Programs 12
Local Plans Policies and Programs 12Federal State and Regional Planning Resources 14
Gather Data and Select an Area for a Low-Stress Bicycle Assessment 15Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress Bikeability Basemap from DelDOT 15Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area 16
iii Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment and Workshop 17Pre-Tour the Selected Area 17Plan Workshop Logistics 18Prepare Workshop Materials 18
Review the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ndash ldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo 19Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts 21Consider Supplemental Data-Collection Methods 46
Step 2 The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment 48Facilitate the Workshop 48Explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist 49
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist 50Conduct the In-Field Assessment 56Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise 56
Step 3 Post-Assessment 58Identify and Prioritize Concerns 58Prepare a Written Statement 58 Present Findings 59Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships 59Provide Outreach and Education 60Stay Engaged 61
ivThe Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
To ensure that people are able to take advantage of low-stress cycling conditions the network must be defined according to user tolerance and likelihood of use
Extensive research has been conducted on how types ofbike riders may be classified into four distinct groups according to 1) levels of confidence of the bicyclists and 2)conditions of the roadways Potential riders may classifiedas 1) not able or interested (37) 2) interested but concerned (53) 3) enthusiastic and confident (9) or 4)strong and fearless (1)
InTroducTIon
After decades of building car-oriented roadway networksmany streets lack connectivity and do not safely accommo-date pedestrians or bicyclists Individuals from no-carhouseholds students migrant or seasonal workers youthand people who are unable to drive (for various reasons)mdashso-called ldquono-choicerdquo bicycle ridersmdashface substantial challenges and transportation inequities in such a car-dominated culture In recent years there has been a growing recognition of the need to create Complete Streetsby planning designing constructing and maintainingstreets to meet the needs of multi-modal roadway users ofall ages and abilities Improving conditions and opportuni-ties for walking and bicycling as well as integrating walkingand bicycling into local-transportation networks is criticalto instituting Complete Streets one of five elements identi-fied in a framework to plan for Complete Communities inDelaware In addition to fostering active transportation andtransportation equity bicycling promotes activity-friendlyenvironments environmental and economic sustainabilityand ldquofirst- and last-milerdquo connections to transit
What is Low-Stress cycling
Low-Stress Cycling (LSC) refers to the idea that a networkmay be established to ensure that there are ways in which acyclist can easily access areas throughout a transportationnetwork without being an extremely confident rider
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Percentage of cyclists categorized by tolerance for levels of stress (MassDOT 2015)
1
stress and that do not involve an undue level of detourrdquoWhile a small fraction of the population will tolerate sharing a road with heavy or fast traffic most individualsare ldquointerested but concernedrdquo willing to accept only asmall degree of traffic stress In addition a Bicycle AccessVision Plan for Northern Santa Clara County Calif
A study by the Mineta Transportation Institute asserts ldquofora bicycling network to attract the widest possible segmentof the population its most fundamental attribute should below-stress connectivityhellip [It should] provide routes betweenpeoplersquos origins and destinations that do not require cyclists to use links that exceed their tolerance for traffic
Planning for complete communities in delaware
Visualization of how Levels of Traffic Stress may be applied to Delawarersquos transportation system
2
who is an authorized representative of a Delaware local government (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) The three-step process is designed for use by theworkshop facilitator to engage stakeholders
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment ndash provides an advanced preparation process to ensure the success of the low-stress bikeability assessment The process helps identify and engage community members and recommends reviewingplans and planning resources gathering data selecting astudy area and using a series of visual prompts to preparefor the workshop and in-field bikeability assessment
Step 2 The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment ndash preparesworkshop participants using a narrated presentation thatprovides an overview of ldquowhat to look forrdquo during the assessment A Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklistwhich corresponds to the visual prompts and narrated pres-entation is provided for participants to record observationsand bikeability conditions during the in-field bikeability assessment Upon completing the in-field assessment participants immediately reconvene in a facilitated workshop setting for a debriefing and mapping exercise
Step 3 Post-Assessment ndash entails carrying out a processthat involves prioritizing concerns preparing a writtensummary presenting findings to stakeholders and fundingentities gaining support and developing an action planthat considers the need for plans policies design changesfunding support maintenance plansagreements and technical assistance
suggests that ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists will be deterred by traveling long distances to access low-stressroutes cycling on high-speed streets with no bike lanesand gaps in network connectivity
A goal of bicycle-network planning is to improve connec-tivity to key destinations and other transportation modesand provide low-stress routes that attract ldquointerested butconcernedrdquo and ldquono-choicerdquo riders ldquoNo-choicerdquo riders maybe defined as individuals who ride bikes as a primary modeof transportation or ride tofrom a transit location Examplesof ldquono-choicerdquo riders include individuals from non-carhouseholds students migrant or seasonal workers youthand people who are unable to drive (for various reasons)Creating a bike lane alone is not enough to create a low-stress network
Purpose of Tool and Three-Step Process
The purpose of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool is to assist local government officials and community members in assessing the low-stress bikeability of a priorityroadway segment to address the needs of ldquointerested butconcernedrdquo and ldquono-choicerdquo riders The assessment tooland three-step process are designed for use in a facilitatedworkshop setting to engage stakeholdersmdasheither a formalcommittee appointed by a local government or an informalor ad hoc group comprising diverse community representa-tives It is recommended that the workshop be organizedand facilitated by a designated workshop leaderfacilitator
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 3
such as heart disease cancer or diabetesrdquo These diseasescontribute to disability premature death and healthcarecosts Delawarersquos problem is apparent According to a 2014State of Obesity report Delaware has the 17th highestadult obesity rate in the nation Adult obesity in Delawarehas escalated from 171 percent in 2000 to 307 percent in2014 Childhood obesity in Delaware is also a concern ADelaware Survey of Childrenrsquos Health sponsored by
Why BIke
Bicycling Promotes ldquoActivity-Friendlyrdquo
environments
Physical inactivity has increasingly become a product ofAmericarsquos automobile-centricbuilt environments The USDepartment of Health andHuman Servicesrsquo 2008 Physi-cal Activity Guidelines forAmericans recommends thatchildren be physically activefor at least 60 minutes a dayand adults get 30 minutes ofmoderate-intensity aerobicactivity daily five days aweek Yet most Americansdonrsquot meet these recom-mended guidelines and thatlack of activity is posing agreat threat to the health ofour nation
A US Surgeon Generalrsquos report indicates that ldquooneout of every two US adults isliving with a chronic disease
Planning for complete communities in delaware
Adult obesity state-by-state 2014 (RWJF 2015)
4
in a September 2015 Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) research letter Safe cycling is also aconcern in Delaware where there were 15 bicycle-relatedfatalities between 2009 and 2013 Because bicyclists are expected to ride on most roadways itrsquos essential that bicycle facilities safely accommodate and encourage cycling
cycling Benefits Local communities
In addition to public health and active transportation benefits bicycling enhances both the environmental and
Nemours Health and Prevention Services indicates that40 percent of children between the ages 2 and 17 wereoverweight or obese in 2011
According to the US Department of Health amp HumanServices ldquoincreasing peoplersquos physical activity levels willsignificantly reduce their risk of chronic diseases and related risk factorsrdquo The US Surgeon General has proposed a Call to Action for Americans to be healthierby increasing their levels of physical activity Improvingthe built environment to provide opportunities for walking and biking is one way to increase peoplersquos physical activity Bicycling can improve both physicaland mental health by reducing the risk of chronic diseases associated with being overweight and obese lowering blood pressure and relieving depression
Bicycling Fosters Active Transportation
Active transportation is any human-powered mode of transportation Bicycle infrastructure and facilities that arewell designed constructed and maintained can promoteactive transportation Cycling as recreation sport andmeans of transportationmdashparticularly for commutingmdashisgrowing in popularity A survey by People for Bikes foundthat of the 318 million people living in the US almost 104million Americans rode a bicycle at least once in 2014 thatyear 45 million used bicycling as a means of transportationHowever along with the increase in cycling is a rise in cycling-related injuries from 1998 to 2012 as documented
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 5
Bicycling Advances complete Streets and
Transportation equity
Historically transportation planning policy and investmentshave focused on auto-centric roadway improvements Anew transportation policy and planning frameworkmdashldquoComplete Streetsrdquomdashfocuses on moving people instead ofcars Complete Streets emphasizes the need for transporta-tion systems to be designed built and maintained for motorized and non-motorized transportation users of allages and abilities Providing a choice of transportationmodes advances transportation equity where transporta-tion policy achieves fair and equitable investment and
access to a range oftransportation options This approach recognizesthe value of trans-portation-systemdiversity and theneed to prioritizeinvestment to affordable modessuch as bicyclingLow-income andminority commu-nities are morelikely to utilizenon-automotive
economic sustainability of communities As an environment- friendly mode of transportation bicycling can decrease carmode share vehicle miles traveled (VMT) auto emissionsand air pollution In addition studies show that communi-ties with multi-modal transportation systems including cycling experience higher property values higher levels ofretail activity and employment and lower-cost transporta-tion options A Journal of Physical Activity and Healtharticle which reported on the studied costs and benefits ofcycling investments in Portland Ore cites the economicpayoffs of bicycle facilitiesmdashinvestments in cycling providelong-term costs savings in health care fuel and lives saved
cycling Provides ldquoFirst- and Last-
Milerdquo connections to Transit
Transportation planners wrestle with thedilemma of how to address first- and last-mile connections to public transit Researchsuggests most people will only walk a distance of one-quarter mile or five to tenminutes but are capable of cycling up tothree miles Therefore bicycling may be aviable option to bridge gaps in first- andlast-mile connections to transit Most public transportation systems are better accommodating cyclists by providing secure parking and allowing riders to bringbicycles on trains and buses
Planning for complete communities in delaware6
In 2010 USDOT issued a policy statement that articulatesthe need to develop fully integrated active-transportationsystems which include bicycling facilities and networksThe policy encourages transportation agencies to planfund and implement improvements to their walking andbicycling networks including linkages to transit Federalstatutes also that require state transportation agencies andmetropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) integratewalking and bicycling facilities and programs in their transportation plans ldquoto ensure the operability of an intermodal transportation systemrdquo
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) an agencywithin USDOT supports a flexible approach to bicycle andpedestrian facility design It advocates the use of AmericanAssociation of State Highway and Transportation Officialsrsquo(AASHTO) Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilitiesas the primary national resource for planning designingand operating bicycle and pedestrian facilities It also advocates the use of provisions within the federal Manualof Uniform Traffic Control Devices and the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) UrbanBikeway Design Guide to build upon the flexibilities provided in the AASHTO Guide These resources support aframework to plan and design safe and convenient facilitiesfor bicyclist and non-motorized transportation networks
USDOT has also launched a comprehensive and coordinatedapproach to improve pedestrian and bicycle safety Thestrategy promotes design improvements to ensure safe and
modes Therefore a lens toward transportation equity ensures that different socioeconomic minority and ethnicgroups are being equitably represented in transportation decision-making processes Emphasis is placed on develop-ment of a transportation system that is accessible efficientaffordable and offers safe alternatives to car travel including bicycling
Support for Bikeability
National-Level Support
Creating connected transporta-tion networks is one of four overarching policy priorities forthe US Department of Trans-portation (USDOT) Federal legislation and regulations require inclusion of convenientsafe accessible and context-sensitive bicycle and pedestriancomponents into all transporta-tion plans and projects to meetthe needs of people of all agesand abilities Recent federal policy initiatives have increasedan emphasis on bikeable environments or ldquobikeabilityrdquowhich describes the extent to which individuals feel comfortable navigating their community by bike
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 7
and well-maintained cycling network that emphasizesshort-trip distances fosters multi-modal trips andintegrates educational programs
Delaware Policy Framework Support
The State of Delaware has long-recognized the benefits ofdeveloping an integrated multi-modal transportation system to improve the economic and environmental sustainability of communities and quality of life for allDelawareans The state has prioritized the need to plan foran integrated non-motorized pathway and recreationaltrail network for recreational and transportation purposesIn 2015 the League of American Bicyclists named Delawareas the 3rd best Bike Friendly State in the US thanks tostate policies dedicated funding for cycling projects safetycampaigns and strong advocacy
Delaware has worked for more than two decades to improvebikeability in Delaware Consistent with federal transporta-tion investment policies and directives DelDOT has shiftedaway from an auto-centric transportation system to onethat provides safe efficient and multi-modal optionsFormed in 1990 the Delaware Bicycle Council has been instrumental in integrating bicycling into Delawarersquos transportation network Appointed by the Governor itsmembers consist of state agency officials and private citizens who are charged with reviewing and improvingupon bicycling bicycle safety and bicycle-safety educationin Delaware In 1995 a Statewide Facilities Master Plan was
efficient routes for pedestrians and bicycles promote behavioral safety and provide education to help individualsmake safer travel choices The national safety campaign Toward Zero Deaths articulates the goal of ldquoworking toward no fatalities across all modes of travelrdquo
Support for Bike-Friendly Environments inDelaware
According to the League of American Bicyclists a BicycleFriendly Community has essential elements across fivecategories known as the ldquoFive Ersquosrdquo
1Engineering ndash presence of infrastructure that provides an interconnected and well-maintained bicycling network
2Education ndash delivery of a bicycle-safety education program that builds cycling skills provides training andimproves awareness of cyclingmotorist rights and responsibilities
3Encouragement ndash institution of a strong bike culture 4Enforcement ndash adoption and enforcement of laws to
treat bicyclists equitably within the transportation system 5Evaluation and planning ndash creation of an interconnected
Planning for complete communities in delaware8
2015 ranking of Delaware asthe third most Bicycle Friendly State (League of American Bicyclists)
placement of new facilities in transportation-improvementprojects
Delawarersquos Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Program ndashThis program was established in 2002 to allocate state fundingtoward infrastructure projects that directly support increasedsafety and convenience for elementary and middle schoolchildren to bicycle andor walk to and from school
Complete Streets ndash On April 24 2009 Delaware GovernorJack A Markell issued Executive Order No 6 and DelDOTsubsequently adopted a Complete Streets policy in 2010 Acomplete street is a transportation facility that is planneddesigned operated and maintained to provide safe mobilityfor users of all ages and abilities including bicyclists pedestrians transit riders and motorists appropriate to thefunction and context of the facility Complete streets facilitate active transportation
Vulnerable Users Law ndash Delaware became the secondstate to sign this into law in August 2010 The law increasespenalties for drivers convicted of careless driving that results in the injury of a vulnerable user of the statersquos roadsA ldquovulnerable userrdquo includes pedestrians individuals working on the road cyclists skateboarders and anyone onroller skates scooters mopeds motorcycles farm tractorsor those riding animals
Walkable Bikeable Delaware ndash The Delaware GeneralAssembly unanimously passed this initiative in May 2011
approved which recognizes bicycling as an integral part ofthe transportation system and includes bicycles withintransportation planning DelDOT appointed its first bicyclepedestrian coordinator in 2001 to address transportation issues of non-motorized users Delawarersquosstrong policy framework for bikeability includesadoptionimplementation of the following
Statewide Bicycle Policy ndash Issued in 2000 this policy requires a minimum of a five-foot-wide shoulder for cyclistsas the transportation system expands and encourages the
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 9
To support the Initiative the Delaware General Assemblypassed Senate Concurrent Resolution 13 in June 2011This resolution approved the study of the building and maintaining of non-motorized travel connections withinand between communities cities and towns in Delawareand to link these connections to form uninterrupted networks for walking and bicycling
Advocacy and Advisement
Statewide advocacy is strong thanks to a network of partner organizations that seek to promote healthylifestyles improve opportunities for active transportationand help plan effective safe and well-connected bikewaynetworks Bike Delaware a non-profit advocacy organization has been working to make bicycling a safeconvenient and fun transportation option in DelawareThe Delaware Council on Health Promotion and DiseasePrevention (CHPDP) was established in May 2010 by Governor Jack Markell ldquoto advise the Governor and Executive Branch on the development and coordination ofstrategies policies programs and other actions statewide topromote healthy lifestylesrdquo Other groupsinitiatives working to support active lifestyles include the DelawareCoalition for Healthy Eating and Active Living(DE HEAL) the Get Up and Do Something campaignDelaware Greenways Sussex Outdoors and NemoursHealth amp Prevention Services (NHPS)
It calls for Delaware to strategically invest in walking andbiking connectivitymdashto design build maintain and linknon-motorized transportation networks both within andamong Delaware communities Since 2011 the DelawareGeneral Assembly and the Wilmington Area PlanningCouncil (WILMAPCO) have invested considerable state andfederal funding in statewide pedestrian and bicycle improvements greenways and trails projects
Delaware Trails and Pathways Initiative ndash In 2011Delaware Governor Markell challenged a team of stateagencies to ldquocreate a world-class statewide network of pathways and trails for Delawarersquos citizens and visitors topromote biking hiking walking and active livingrdquo To meet this challenge DelDOT and the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) led and formed a partnership with regional and local organizations and government to create the Delaware Trailsand Pathways Initiative Its goal is to create an intercon-nected network of shared-use trails and pathways that willsupport non-motorized travel and recreation opportunitiesfor Delawareans and visitors The focus is on bicycling andwalking and providing safe and convenient ways to reachlocal work shops schools recreational sites and transit
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware10
work Other bicycling hurdles include perceptions that facilities or conditions are unsafe absence of traffic-calmingmeasures lack of law enforcement and insufficient educa-tion and outreach to promote bicycling as a viable form oftransportation Addressing these barriers to bikeability iscritically important to ldquono-choicerdquo riders ie those whorely on biking as their primary form of transportation orbike as a first- or last-mile connection to transit
Education and Outreach
Delaware has also utilized education and outreach to ramp-up support for safe cycling The Delaware Strategic HighwaySafety Plan is a statewide coordinated safety plan that aimsto eliminate fatalities on Delaware roadways through amulti-agency approach In 2013 DelDOT formed the PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Group Comprising various highway safety stakeholders its goal isto identify evaluate and implement pedestrianbicycle-related safety improvementsthroughout the state and along several corridorsthat exhibit higher-than-average pedestriancrash rates Several municipalities have also appointed bicycle committees to improve cycling facilities and infrastructure to enhancebikeability
Barriers to Bikeability
Despite strong support for cycling in Delawareobstacles still exist Major barriers to bicyclinginclude geographical or access barriers (eghighways railroad tracks terrain) high-stressstreets with high traffic volume and speeds andintersection issues End-of-trip facilities such asplaces to shower and change and secure sheltered parking that protects bikes from theftand poor weather can be a deterrent to cyclistsmdashparticularly those who commute to
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 11
interests The workshop should be publicized at least 4ndash6weeks in advance of the meeting through a mix of printand digital media Notifications can be posted in local gathering spots or destinations such as schools town hallmunicipal building library and recreation or communitycenters Websites of the local government schools andcommunity and civic organizations can provide outreachvia social media or online ldquonewsrdquo Direct personal contactcan be made to target participation from key stakeholdersincluding local government staff members local electedand appointed officials state legislators public safety agencies health- and safety-advocacy groups bicycle andrecreation enthusiasts local school leaders leaders ofneighborhood civic associations citizen organization representatives local business representatives members ofthe media officials from DelDOT and MPOs and otheridentified stakeholders Ideally the targeted group shouldconsist of approximately 20ndash40 people Identifying champions and gaining advocacy can help build supportfor plans policies funding and technical assistance to improve bicycle infrastructure and conditions
review existing Plans Policies and Programs
Local Plans Policies and Programs
Local government comprehensive plans are the foundationfor land-use planning in Delaware The comprehensive plancommunicates a communityrsquos goals and vision for the future provides a blueprint for future land use and provides
STeP 1 The Pre-ASSeSSMenT
Advanced preparation is critical to ensuring the success ofthe low-stress bikeability assessment process and achievingmeaningful outcomes While the assessment process maybe organized by a formal committee or ad hoc group theoverall process should be planned lead and facilitated byan individual (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) that is designated by a local government
Identify and Involve Stakeholders
Public involvement is a fundamental part of the low-stressbikeability assessment process Stakeholders should be identified and involved throughout the process whetherthe assessment is led and facilitated in-house or by a consultant Participants in the assessment processworkshopwill vary depending on the size and composition of the jurisdiction and the outreach effort For example largermunicipalities may already have and wish to involve a bicycle committee that comprises interested stakeholdersworking to improve bicycling conditions Other jurisdictionsmay wish to involve Planning Commission membersandor consider forming an ad hoc committee consisting ofstakeholders andor volunteers who are interestedinvestedin improving the low-stress bikeability of a specific area
In either case additional outreach should be conducted tomake sure participants are diverse and represent community
Planning for complete communities in delaware12
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
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((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Alt2=)17-4871+1gtamp$+gt1gt9F42+4$-amp++amp4amp+2+-1gt+2+$-11+2(amp(+2$14()$+2amp0amp+(+1gt+6G-)ampampgtgt1amp$-amplt-(1amp(5H(6621+amp(+2Bamp++211-(gt0(+I6
Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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( (
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( ( (643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(0+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(2)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(3()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
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G-1)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(31+05()()+amp0(+5(amp-(1+6(amp(1amp4amp)(0+(522(24(amp(235(2)2()(amp-(1+(+5(32)0)(0901amp)(24(42=amp(0+6(
( (643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2()($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp($96((
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( (A-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
G--)7)D-12347(E2$55(0$()+)(+112(+(+5()1(amp43+0)(amp)(0$6(8901amp)(02$15(+12(+amp19(42=($3()(0$()2(+=2amp5(amp))amp(2)(20)(amp()(amp-(1+6((
( (
FA
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +-(--(012(0345(-167189((-(37lt2lt=-(0lt7=72gt($amp())+(-+((amp0(+0)amp(1$(2)amp23)$0+4)+((1amp51(amp(1)+4)(+0$(+amp067(1)8+)-(1)amp()9)amp))3)6
($01718(lt3+(+(amp34(amp)(1)$+3+(lt-9((1)0+(4+$22)$-2)=)0(+051+gt1)$9+3+(lt(amp$)3ltamp0(+0)amp0(1)amp()6(
$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
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((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
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( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
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6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
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$
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Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
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+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
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=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
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Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
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Planning for complete communities in delaware38
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
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$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
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)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
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ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
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))
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
TABLe of ConTenTS
Introduction 1What is Low-Stress Cycling 1 Purpose of Tool and Three-Step Process 3
why Bike 4Bicycling Promotes ldquoActivity-Friendlyrdquo Environments 4Bicycling Fosters Active Transportation 5Cycling Benefits Local Communities 5Cycling Provides ldquoFirst- and Last-Milerdquo Connections to Transit 6Bicycling Advances Complete Streets and Transportation Equity 6Support for Bikeability 7
National-Level Support 7Support for Bike-Friendly Environments in Delaware 8Delaware Policy Framework Support 8Advocacy and Advisement 10Education and Outreach 11
Barriers to Bikeability 11
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment 12Identify and Involve Stakeholders 12Review Existing Plans Policies and Programs 12
Local Plans Policies and Programs 12Federal State and Regional Planning Resources 14
Gather Data and Select an Area for a Low-Stress Bicycle Assessment 15Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress Bikeability Basemap from DelDOT 15Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area 16
iii Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment and Workshop 17Pre-Tour the Selected Area 17Plan Workshop Logistics 18Prepare Workshop Materials 18
Review the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ndash ldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo 19Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts 21Consider Supplemental Data-Collection Methods 46
Step 2 The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment 48Facilitate the Workshop 48Explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist 49
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist 50Conduct the In-Field Assessment 56Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise 56
Step 3 Post-Assessment 58Identify and Prioritize Concerns 58Prepare a Written Statement 58 Present Findings 59Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships 59Provide Outreach and Education 60Stay Engaged 61
ivThe Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
To ensure that people are able to take advantage of low-stress cycling conditions the network must be defined according to user tolerance and likelihood of use
Extensive research has been conducted on how types ofbike riders may be classified into four distinct groups according to 1) levels of confidence of the bicyclists and 2)conditions of the roadways Potential riders may classifiedas 1) not able or interested (37) 2) interested but concerned (53) 3) enthusiastic and confident (9) or 4)strong and fearless (1)
InTroducTIon
After decades of building car-oriented roadway networksmany streets lack connectivity and do not safely accommo-date pedestrians or bicyclists Individuals from no-carhouseholds students migrant or seasonal workers youthand people who are unable to drive (for various reasons)mdashso-called ldquono-choicerdquo bicycle ridersmdashface substantial challenges and transportation inequities in such a car-dominated culture In recent years there has been a growing recognition of the need to create Complete Streetsby planning designing constructing and maintainingstreets to meet the needs of multi-modal roadway users ofall ages and abilities Improving conditions and opportuni-ties for walking and bicycling as well as integrating walkingand bicycling into local-transportation networks is criticalto instituting Complete Streets one of five elements identi-fied in a framework to plan for Complete Communities inDelaware In addition to fostering active transportation andtransportation equity bicycling promotes activity-friendlyenvironments environmental and economic sustainabilityand ldquofirst- and last-milerdquo connections to transit
What is Low-Stress cycling
Low-Stress Cycling (LSC) refers to the idea that a networkmay be established to ensure that there are ways in which acyclist can easily access areas throughout a transportationnetwork without being an extremely confident rider
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Percentage of cyclists categorized by tolerance for levels of stress (MassDOT 2015)
1
stress and that do not involve an undue level of detourrdquoWhile a small fraction of the population will tolerate sharing a road with heavy or fast traffic most individualsare ldquointerested but concernedrdquo willing to accept only asmall degree of traffic stress In addition a Bicycle AccessVision Plan for Northern Santa Clara County Calif
A study by the Mineta Transportation Institute asserts ldquofora bicycling network to attract the widest possible segmentof the population its most fundamental attribute should below-stress connectivityhellip [It should] provide routes betweenpeoplersquos origins and destinations that do not require cyclists to use links that exceed their tolerance for traffic
Planning for complete communities in delaware
Visualization of how Levels of Traffic Stress may be applied to Delawarersquos transportation system
2
who is an authorized representative of a Delaware local government (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) The three-step process is designed for use by theworkshop facilitator to engage stakeholders
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment ndash provides an advanced preparation process to ensure the success of the low-stress bikeability assessment The process helps identify and engage community members and recommends reviewingplans and planning resources gathering data selecting astudy area and using a series of visual prompts to preparefor the workshop and in-field bikeability assessment
Step 2 The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment ndash preparesworkshop participants using a narrated presentation thatprovides an overview of ldquowhat to look forrdquo during the assessment A Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklistwhich corresponds to the visual prompts and narrated pres-entation is provided for participants to record observationsand bikeability conditions during the in-field bikeability assessment Upon completing the in-field assessment participants immediately reconvene in a facilitated workshop setting for a debriefing and mapping exercise
Step 3 Post-Assessment ndash entails carrying out a processthat involves prioritizing concerns preparing a writtensummary presenting findings to stakeholders and fundingentities gaining support and developing an action planthat considers the need for plans policies design changesfunding support maintenance plansagreements and technical assistance
suggests that ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists will be deterred by traveling long distances to access low-stressroutes cycling on high-speed streets with no bike lanesand gaps in network connectivity
A goal of bicycle-network planning is to improve connec-tivity to key destinations and other transportation modesand provide low-stress routes that attract ldquointerested butconcernedrdquo and ldquono-choicerdquo riders ldquoNo-choicerdquo riders maybe defined as individuals who ride bikes as a primary modeof transportation or ride tofrom a transit location Examplesof ldquono-choicerdquo riders include individuals from non-carhouseholds students migrant or seasonal workers youthand people who are unable to drive (for various reasons)Creating a bike lane alone is not enough to create a low-stress network
Purpose of Tool and Three-Step Process
The purpose of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool is to assist local government officials and community members in assessing the low-stress bikeability of a priorityroadway segment to address the needs of ldquointerested butconcernedrdquo and ldquono-choicerdquo riders The assessment tooland three-step process are designed for use in a facilitatedworkshop setting to engage stakeholdersmdasheither a formalcommittee appointed by a local government or an informalor ad hoc group comprising diverse community representa-tives It is recommended that the workshop be organizedand facilitated by a designated workshop leaderfacilitator
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 3
such as heart disease cancer or diabetesrdquo These diseasescontribute to disability premature death and healthcarecosts Delawarersquos problem is apparent According to a 2014State of Obesity report Delaware has the 17th highestadult obesity rate in the nation Adult obesity in Delawarehas escalated from 171 percent in 2000 to 307 percent in2014 Childhood obesity in Delaware is also a concern ADelaware Survey of Childrenrsquos Health sponsored by
Why BIke
Bicycling Promotes ldquoActivity-Friendlyrdquo
environments
Physical inactivity has increasingly become a product ofAmericarsquos automobile-centricbuilt environments The USDepartment of Health andHuman Servicesrsquo 2008 Physi-cal Activity Guidelines forAmericans recommends thatchildren be physically activefor at least 60 minutes a dayand adults get 30 minutes ofmoderate-intensity aerobicactivity daily five days aweek Yet most Americansdonrsquot meet these recom-mended guidelines and thatlack of activity is posing agreat threat to the health ofour nation
A US Surgeon Generalrsquos report indicates that ldquooneout of every two US adults isliving with a chronic disease
Planning for complete communities in delaware
Adult obesity state-by-state 2014 (RWJF 2015)
4
in a September 2015 Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) research letter Safe cycling is also aconcern in Delaware where there were 15 bicycle-relatedfatalities between 2009 and 2013 Because bicyclists are expected to ride on most roadways itrsquos essential that bicycle facilities safely accommodate and encourage cycling
cycling Benefits Local communities
In addition to public health and active transportation benefits bicycling enhances both the environmental and
Nemours Health and Prevention Services indicates that40 percent of children between the ages 2 and 17 wereoverweight or obese in 2011
According to the US Department of Health amp HumanServices ldquoincreasing peoplersquos physical activity levels willsignificantly reduce their risk of chronic diseases and related risk factorsrdquo The US Surgeon General has proposed a Call to Action for Americans to be healthierby increasing their levels of physical activity Improvingthe built environment to provide opportunities for walking and biking is one way to increase peoplersquos physical activity Bicycling can improve both physicaland mental health by reducing the risk of chronic diseases associated with being overweight and obese lowering blood pressure and relieving depression
Bicycling Fosters Active Transportation
Active transportation is any human-powered mode of transportation Bicycle infrastructure and facilities that arewell designed constructed and maintained can promoteactive transportation Cycling as recreation sport andmeans of transportationmdashparticularly for commutingmdashisgrowing in popularity A survey by People for Bikes foundthat of the 318 million people living in the US almost 104million Americans rode a bicycle at least once in 2014 thatyear 45 million used bicycling as a means of transportationHowever along with the increase in cycling is a rise in cycling-related injuries from 1998 to 2012 as documented
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 5
Bicycling Advances complete Streets and
Transportation equity
Historically transportation planning policy and investmentshave focused on auto-centric roadway improvements Anew transportation policy and planning frameworkmdashldquoComplete Streetsrdquomdashfocuses on moving people instead ofcars Complete Streets emphasizes the need for transporta-tion systems to be designed built and maintained for motorized and non-motorized transportation users of allages and abilities Providing a choice of transportationmodes advances transportation equity where transporta-tion policy achieves fair and equitable investment and
access to a range oftransportation options This approach recognizesthe value of trans-portation-systemdiversity and theneed to prioritizeinvestment to affordable modessuch as bicyclingLow-income andminority commu-nities are morelikely to utilizenon-automotive
economic sustainability of communities As an environment- friendly mode of transportation bicycling can decrease carmode share vehicle miles traveled (VMT) auto emissionsand air pollution In addition studies show that communi-ties with multi-modal transportation systems including cycling experience higher property values higher levels ofretail activity and employment and lower-cost transporta-tion options A Journal of Physical Activity and Healtharticle which reported on the studied costs and benefits ofcycling investments in Portland Ore cites the economicpayoffs of bicycle facilitiesmdashinvestments in cycling providelong-term costs savings in health care fuel and lives saved
cycling Provides ldquoFirst- and Last-
Milerdquo connections to Transit
Transportation planners wrestle with thedilemma of how to address first- and last-mile connections to public transit Researchsuggests most people will only walk a distance of one-quarter mile or five to tenminutes but are capable of cycling up tothree miles Therefore bicycling may be aviable option to bridge gaps in first- andlast-mile connections to transit Most public transportation systems are better accommodating cyclists by providing secure parking and allowing riders to bringbicycles on trains and buses
Planning for complete communities in delaware6
In 2010 USDOT issued a policy statement that articulatesthe need to develop fully integrated active-transportationsystems which include bicycling facilities and networksThe policy encourages transportation agencies to planfund and implement improvements to their walking andbicycling networks including linkages to transit Federalstatutes also that require state transportation agencies andmetropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) integratewalking and bicycling facilities and programs in their transportation plans ldquoto ensure the operability of an intermodal transportation systemrdquo
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) an agencywithin USDOT supports a flexible approach to bicycle andpedestrian facility design It advocates the use of AmericanAssociation of State Highway and Transportation Officialsrsquo(AASHTO) Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilitiesas the primary national resource for planning designingand operating bicycle and pedestrian facilities It also advocates the use of provisions within the federal Manualof Uniform Traffic Control Devices and the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) UrbanBikeway Design Guide to build upon the flexibilities provided in the AASHTO Guide These resources support aframework to plan and design safe and convenient facilitiesfor bicyclist and non-motorized transportation networks
USDOT has also launched a comprehensive and coordinatedapproach to improve pedestrian and bicycle safety Thestrategy promotes design improvements to ensure safe and
modes Therefore a lens toward transportation equity ensures that different socioeconomic minority and ethnicgroups are being equitably represented in transportation decision-making processes Emphasis is placed on develop-ment of a transportation system that is accessible efficientaffordable and offers safe alternatives to car travel including bicycling
Support for Bikeability
National-Level Support
Creating connected transporta-tion networks is one of four overarching policy priorities forthe US Department of Trans-portation (USDOT) Federal legislation and regulations require inclusion of convenientsafe accessible and context-sensitive bicycle and pedestriancomponents into all transporta-tion plans and projects to meetthe needs of people of all agesand abilities Recent federal policy initiatives have increasedan emphasis on bikeable environments or ldquobikeabilityrdquowhich describes the extent to which individuals feel comfortable navigating their community by bike
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 7
and well-maintained cycling network that emphasizesshort-trip distances fosters multi-modal trips andintegrates educational programs
Delaware Policy Framework Support
The State of Delaware has long-recognized the benefits ofdeveloping an integrated multi-modal transportation system to improve the economic and environmental sustainability of communities and quality of life for allDelawareans The state has prioritized the need to plan foran integrated non-motorized pathway and recreationaltrail network for recreational and transportation purposesIn 2015 the League of American Bicyclists named Delawareas the 3rd best Bike Friendly State in the US thanks tostate policies dedicated funding for cycling projects safetycampaigns and strong advocacy
Delaware has worked for more than two decades to improvebikeability in Delaware Consistent with federal transporta-tion investment policies and directives DelDOT has shiftedaway from an auto-centric transportation system to onethat provides safe efficient and multi-modal optionsFormed in 1990 the Delaware Bicycle Council has been instrumental in integrating bicycling into Delawarersquos transportation network Appointed by the Governor itsmembers consist of state agency officials and private citizens who are charged with reviewing and improvingupon bicycling bicycle safety and bicycle-safety educationin Delaware In 1995 a Statewide Facilities Master Plan was
efficient routes for pedestrians and bicycles promote behavioral safety and provide education to help individualsmake safer travel choices The national safety campaign Toward Zero Deaths articulates the goal of ldquoworking toward no fatalities across all modes of travelrdquo
Support for Bike-Friendly Environments inDelaware
According to the League of American Bicyclists a BicycleFriendly Community has essential elements across fivecategories known as the ldquoFive Ersquosrdquo
1Engineering ndash presence of infrastructure that provides an interconnected and well-maintained bicycling network
2Education ndash delivery of a bicycle-safety education program that builds cycling skills provides training andimproves awareness of cyclingmotorist rights and responsibilities
3Encouragement ndash institution of a strong bike culture 4Enforcement ndash adoption and enforcement of laws to
treat bicyclists equitably within the transportation system 5Evaluation and planning ndash creation of an interconnected
Planning for complete communities in delaware8
2015 ranking of Delaware asthe third most Bicycle Friendly State (League of American Bicyclists)
placement of new facilities in transportation-improvementprojects
Delawarersquos Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Program ndashThis program was established in 2002 to allocate state fundingtoward infrastructure projects that directly support increasedsafety and convenience for elementary and middle schoolchildren to bicycle andor walk to and from school
Complete Streets ndash On April 24 2009 Delaware GovernorJack A Markell issued Executive Order No 6 and DelDOTsubsequently adopted a Complete Streets policy in 2010 Acomplete street is a transportation facility that is planneddesigned operated and maintained to provide safe mobilityfor users of all ages and abilities including bicyclists pedestrians transit riders and motorists appropriate to thefunction and context of the facility Complete streets facilitate active transportation
Vulnerable Users Law ndash Delaware became the secondstate to sign this into law in August 2010 The law increasespenalties for drivers convicted of careless driving that results in the injury of a vulnerable user of the statersquos roadsA ldquovulnerable userrdquo includes pedestrians individuals working on the road cyclists skateboarders and anyone onroller skates scooters mopeds motorcycles farm tractorsor those riding animals
Walkable Bikeable Delaware ndash The Delaware GeneralAssembly unanimously passed this initiative in May 2011
approved which recognizes bicycling as an integral part ofthe transportation system and includes bicycles withintransportation planning DelDOT appointed its first bicyclepedestrian coordinator in 2001 to address transportation issues of non-motorized users Delawarersquosstrong policy framework for bikeability includesadoptionimplementation of the following
Statewide Bicycle Policy ndash Issued in 2000 this policy requires a minimum of a five-foot-wide shoulder for cyclistsas the transportation system expands and encourages the
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 9
To support the Initiative the Delaware General Assemblypassed Senate Concurrent Resolution 13 in June 2011This resolution approved the study of the building and maintaining of non-motorized travel connections withinand between communities cities and towns in Delawareand to link these connections to form uninterrupted networks for walking and bicycling
Advocacy and Advisement
Statewide advocacy is strong thanks to a network of partner organizations that seek to promote healthylifestyles improve opportunities for active transportationand help plan effective safe and well-connected bikewaynetworks Bike Delaware a non-profit advocacy organization has been working to make bicycling a safeconvenient and fun transportation option in DelawareThe Delaware Council on Health Promotion and DiseasePrevention (CHPDP) was established in May 2010 by Governor Jack Markell ldquoto advise the Governor and Executive Branch on the development and coordination ofstrategies policies programs and other actions statewide topromote healthy lifestylesrdquo Other groupsinitiatives working to support active lifestyles include the DelawareCoalition for Healthy Eating and Active Living(DE HEAL) the Get Up and Do Something campaignDelaware Greenways Sussex Outdoors and NemoursHealth amp Prevention Services (NHPS)
It calls for Delaware to strategically invest in walking andbiking connectivitymdashto design build maintain and linknon-motorized transportation networks both within andamong Delaware communities Since 2011 the DelawareGeneral Assembly and the Wilmington Area PlanningCouncil (WILMAPCO) have invested considerable state andfederal funding in statewide pedestrian and bicycle improvements greenways and trails projects
Delaware Trails and Pathways Initiative ndash In 2011Delaware Governor Markell challenged a team of stateagencies to ldquocreate a world-class statewide network of pathways and trails for Delawarersquos citizens and visitors topromote biking hiking walking and active livingrdquo To meet this challenge DelDOT and the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) led and formed a partnership with regional and local organizations and government to create the Delaware Trailsand Pathways Initiative Its goal is to create an intercon-nected network of shared-use trails and pathways that willsupport non-motorized travel and recreation opportunitiesfor Delawareans and visitors The focus is on bicycling andwalking and providing safe and convenient ways to reachlocal work shops schools recreational sites and transit
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware10
work Other bicycling hurdles include perceptions that facilities or conditions are unsafe absence of traffic-calmingmeasures lack of law enforcement and insufficient educa-tion and outreach to promote bicycling as a viable form oftransportation Addressing these barriers to bikeability iscritically important to ldquono-choicerdquo riders ie those whorely on biking as their primary form of transportation orbike as a first- or last-mile connection to transit
Education and Outreach
Delaware has also utilized education and outreach to ramp-up support for safe cycling The Delaware Strategic HighwaySafety Plan is a statewide coordinated safety plan that aimsto eliminate fatalities on Delaware roadways through amulti-agency approach In 2013 DelDOT formed the PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Group Comprising various highway safety stakeholders its goal isto identify evaluate and implement pedestrianbicycle-related safety improvementsthroughout the state and along several corridorsthat exhibit higher-than-average pedestriancrash rates Several municipalities have also appointed bicycle committees to improve cycling facilities and infrastructure to enhancebikeability
Barriers to Bikeability
Despite strong support for cycling in Delawareobstacles still exist Major barriers to bicyclinginclude geographical or access barriers (eghighways railroad tracks terrain) high-stressstreets with high traffic volume and speeds andintersection issues End-of-trip facilities such asplaces to shower and change and secure sheltered parking that protects bikes from theftand poor weather can be a deterrent to cyclistsmdashparticularly those who commute to
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 11
interests The workshop should be publicized at least 4ndash6weeks in advance of the meeting through a mix of printand digital media Notifications can be posted in local gathering spots or destinations such as schools town hallmunicipal building library and recreation or communitycenters Websites of the local government schools andcommunity and civic organizations can provide outreachvia social media or online ldquonewsrdquo Direct personal contactcan be made to target participation from key stakeholdersincluding local government staff members local electedand appointed officials state legislators public safety agencies health- and safety-advocacy groups bicycle andrecreation enthusiasts local school leaders leaders ofneighborhood civic associations citizen organization representatives local business representatives members ofthe media officials from DelDOT and MPOs and otheridentified stakeholders Ideally the targeted group shouldconsist of approximately 20ndash40 people Identifying champions and gaining advocacy can help build supportfor plans policies funding and technical assistance to improve bicycle infrastructure and conditions
review existing Plans Policies and Programs
Local Plans Policies and Programs
Local government comprehensive plans are the foundationfor land-use planning in Delaware The comprehensive plancommunicates a communityrsquos goals and vision for the future provides a blueprint for future land use and provides
STeP 1 The Pre-ASSeSSMenT
Advanced preparation is critical to ensuring the success ofthe low-stress bikeability assessment process and achievingmeaningful outcomes While the assessment process maybe organized by a formal committee or ad hoc group theoverall process should be planned lead and facilitated byan individual (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) that is designated by a local government
Identify and Involve Stakeholders
Public involvement is a fundamental part of the low-stressbikeability assessment process Stakeholders should be identified and involved throughout the process whetherthe assessment is led and facilitated in-house or by a consultant Participants in the assessment processworkshopwill vary depending on the size and composition of the jurisdiction and the outreach effort For example largermunicipalities may already have and wish to involve a bicycle committee that comprises interested stakeholdersworking to improve bicycling conditions Other jurisdictionsmay wish to involve Planning Commission membersandor consider forming an ad hoc committee consisting ofstakeholders andor volunteers who are interestedinvestedin improving the low-stress bikeability of a specific area
In either case additional outreach should be conducted tomake sure participants are diverse and represent community
Planning for complete communities in delaware12
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
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((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Alt2=)17-4871+1gtamp$+gt1gt9F42+4$-amp++amp4amp+2+-1gt+2+$-11+2(amp(+2$14()$+2amp0amp+(+1gt+6G-)ampampgtgt1amp$-amplt-(1amp(5H(6621+amp(+2Bamp++211-(gt0(+I6
Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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(D643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2(2)($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp(amp$96((
(EA-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(+0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
( (
)
+ -)--)0-1234)5-67-1)6)869)60-1-9)655-lt)lt9lt21)165-9)=-+3+gt)lt71gt)622431gt)640A)A-)17lt7-1BC)$amp()+)(amp-(+0amp1amp)amp(+(01+(2(32amp1(021amp0)(amp(amp432)+)()2($amp()+)(+00amp5)(+(5$056(
( ( (643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(0+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(2)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(3()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
G--)E6F243)D-12347(gt2=amp5(42(3+0()(3+-5(0+(+5()(amp-(1+6(amp(amp11(+112(5amp=()2(23()amp(522(amp1(amp=amp(0901amp)(3+0()2()+9(01+(2()(5+2$(amp43+0)(A26((
G-1)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(31+05()()+amp0(+5(amp-(1+6(amp(1amp4amp)(0+(522(24(amp(235(2)2()(amp-(1+(+5(32)0)(0901amp)(24(42=amp(0+6(
( (643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2()($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp($96((
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( (A-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
G--)7)D-12347(E2$55(0$()+)(+112(+(+5()1(amp43+0)(amp)(0$6(8901amp)(02$15(+12(+amp19(42=($3()(0$()2(+=2amp5(amp))amp(2)(20)(amp()(amp-(1+6((
( (
FA
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +-(--(012(0345(-167189((-(37lt2lt=-(0lt7=72gt($amp())+(-+((amp0(+0)amp(1$(2)amp23)$0+4)+((1amp51(amp(1)+4)(+0$(+amp067(1)8+)-(1)amp()9)amp))3)6
($01718(lt3+(+(amp34(amp)(1)$+3+(lt-9((1)0+(4+$22)$-2)=)0(+051+gt1)$9+3+(lt(amp$)3ltamp0(+0)amp0(1)amp()6(
$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
) 210-+ampamp$ (amp)
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
112879860736354032-+( ampamp 1-(0 0
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
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( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
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6amp02032332
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
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6
(
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2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
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$
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Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
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+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
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=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
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Planning for complete communities in delaware38
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
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$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
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)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
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ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
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))
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment and Workshop 17Pre-Tour the Selected Area 17Plan Workshop Logistics 18Prepare Workshop Materials 18
Review the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ndash ldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo 19Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts 21Consider Supplemental Data-Collection Methods 46
Step 2 The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment 48Facilitate the Workshop 48Explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist 49
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist 50Conduct the In-Field Assessment 56Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise 56
Step 3 Post-Assessment 58Identify and Prioritize Concerns 58Prepare a Written Statement 58 Present Findings 59Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships 59Provide Outreach and Education 60Stay Engaged 61
ivThe Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
To ensure that people are able to take advantage of low-stress cycling conditions the network must be defined according to user tolerance and likelihood of use
Extensive research has been conducted on how types ofbike riders may be classified into four distinct groups according to 1) levels of confidence of the bicyclists and 2)conditions of the roadways Potential riders may classifiedas 1) not able or interested (37) 2) interested but concerned (53) 3) enthusiastic and confident (9) or 4)strong and fearless (1)
InTroducTIon
After decades of building car-oriented roadway networksmany streets lack connectivity and do not safely accommo-date pedestrians or bicyclists Individuals from no-carhouseholds students migrant or seasonal workers youthand people who are unable to drive (for various reasons)mdashso-called ldquono-choicerdquo bicycle ridersmdashface substantial challenges and transportation inequities in such a car-dominated culture In recent years there has been a growing recognition of the need to create Complete Streetsby planning designing constructing and maintainingstreets to meet the needs of multi-modal roadway users ofall ages and abilities Improving conditions and opportuni-ties for walking and bicycling as well as integrating walkingand bicycling into local-transportation networks is criticalto instituting Complete Streets one of five elements identi-fied in a framework to plan for Complete Communities inDelaware In addition to fostering active transportation andtransportation equity bicycling promotes activity-friendlyenvironments environmental and economic sustainabilityand ldquofirst- and last-milerdquo connections to transit
What is Low-Stress cycling
Low-Stress Cycling (LSC) refers to the idea that a networkmay be established to ensure that there are ways in which acyclist can easily access areas throughout a transportationnetwork without being an extremely confident rider
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Percentage of cyclists categorized by tolerance for levels of stress (MassDOT 2015)
1
stress and that do not involve an undue level of detourrdquoWhile a small fraction of the population will tolerate sharing a road with heavy or fast traffic most individualsare ldquointerested but concernedrdquo willing to accept only asmall degree of traffic stress In addition a Bicycle AccessVision Plan for Northern Santa Clara County Calif
A study by the Mineta Transportation Institute asserts ldquofora bicycling network to attract the widest possible segmentof the population its most fundamental attribute should below-stress connectivityhellip [It should] provide routes betweenpeoplersquos origins and destinations that do not require cyclists to use links that exceed their tolerance for traffic
Planning for complete communities in delaware
Visualization of how Levels of Traffic Stress may be applied to Delawarersquos transportation system
2
who is an authorized representative of a Delaware local government (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) The three-step process is designed for use by theworkshop facilitator to engage stakeholders
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment ndash provides an advanced preparation process to ensure the success of the low-stress bikeability assessment The process helps identify and engage community members and recommends reviewingplans and planning resources gathering data selecting astudy area and using a series of visual prompts to preparefor the workshop and in-field bikeability assessment
Step 2 The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment ndash preparesworkshop participants using a narrated presentation thatprovides an overview of ldquowhat to look forrdquo during the assessment A Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklistwhich corresponds to the visual prompts and narrated pres-entation is provided for participants to record observationsand bikeability conditions during the in-field bikeability assessment Upon completing the in-field assessment participants immediately reconvene in a facilitated workshop setting for a debriefing and mapping exercise
Step 3 Post-Assessment ndash entails carrying out a processthat involves prioritizing concerns preparing a writtensummary presenting findings to stakeholders and fundingentities gaining support and developing an action planthat considers the need for plans policies design changesfunding support maintenance plansagreements and technical assistance
suggests that ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists will be deterred by traveling long distances to access low-stressroutes cycling on high-speed streets with no bike lanesand gaps in network connectivity
A goal of bicycle-network planning is to improve connec-tivity to key destinations and other transportation modesand provide low-stress routes that attract ldquointerested butconcernedrdquo and ldquono-choicerdquo riders ldquoNo-choicerdquo riders maybe defined as individuals who ride bikes as a primary modeof transportation or ride tofrom a transit location Examplesof ldquono-choicerdquo riders include individuals from non-carhouseholds students migrant or seasonal workers youthand people who are unable to drive (for various reasons)Creating a bike lane alone is not enough to create a low-stress network
Purpose of Tool and Three-Step Process
The purpose of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool is to assist local government officials and community members in assessing the low-stress bikeability of a priorityroadway segment to address the needs of ldquointerested butconcernedrdquo and ldquono-choicerdquo riders The assessment tooland three-step process are designed for use in a facilitatedworkshop setting to engage stakeholdersmdasheither a formalcommittee appointed by a local government or an informalor ad hoc group comprising diverse community representa-tives It is recommended that the workshop be organizedand facilitated by a designated workshop leaderfacilitator
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 3
such as heart disease cancer or diabetesrdquo These diseasescontribute to disability premature death and healthcarecosts Delawarersquos problem is apparent According to a 2014State of Obesity report Delaware has the 17th highestadult obesity rate in the nation Adult obesity in Delawarehas escalated from 171 percent in 2000 to 307 percent in2014 Childhood obesity in Delaware is also a concern ADelaware Survey of Childrenrsquos Health sponsored by
Why BIke
Bicycling Promotes ldquoActivity-Friendlyrdquo
environments
Physical inactivity has increasingly become a product ofAmericarsquos automobile-centricbuilt environments The USDepartment of Health andHuman Servicesrsquo 2008 Physi-cal Activity Guidelines forAmericans recommends thatchildren be physically activefor at least 60 minutes a dayand adults get 30 minutes ofmoderate-intensity aerobicactivity daily five days aweek Yet most Americansdonrsquot meet these recom-mended guidelines and thatlack of activity is posing agreat threat to the health ofour nation
A US Surgeon Generalrsquos report indicates that ldquooneout of every two US adults isliving with a chronic disease
Planning for complete communities in delaware
Adult obesity state-by-state 2014 (RWJF 2015)
4
in a September 2015 Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) research letter Safe cycling is also aconcern in Delaware where there were 15 bicycle-relatedfatalities between 2009 and 2013 Because bicyclists are expected to ride on most roadways itrsquos essential that bicycle facilities safely accommodate and encourage cycling
cycling Benefits Local communities
In addition to public health and active transportation benefits bicycling enhances both the environmental and
Nemours Health and Prevention Services indicates that40 percent of children between the ages 2 and 17 wereoverweight or obese in 2011
According to the US Department of Health amp HumanServices ldquoincreasing peoplersquos physical activity levels willsignificantly reduce their risk of chronic diseases and related risk factorsrdquo The US Surgeon General has proposed a Call to Action for Americans to be healthierby increasing their levels of physical activity Improvingthe built environment to provide opportunities for walking and biking is one way to increase peoplersquos physical activity Bicycling can improve both physicaland mental health by reducing the risk of chronic diseases associated with being overweight and obese lowering blood pressure and relieving depression
Bicycling Fosters Active Transportation
Active transportation is any human-powered mode of transportation Bicycle infrastructure and facilities that arewell designed constructed and maintained can promoteactive transportation Cycling as recreation sport andmeans of transportationmdashparticularly for commutingmdashisgrowing in popularity A survey by People for Bikes foundthat of the 318 million people living in the US almost 104million Americans rode a bicycle at least once in 2014 thatyear 45 million used bicycling as a means of transportationHowever along with the increase in cycling is a rise in cycling-related injuries from 1998 to 2012 as documented
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 5
Bicycling Advances complete Streets and
Transportation equity
Historically transportation planning policy and investmentshave focused on auto-centric roadway improvements Anew transportation policy and planning frameworkmdashldquoComplete Streetsrdquomdashfocuses on moving people instead ofcars Complete Streets emphasizes the need for transporta-tion systems to be designed built and maintained for motorized and non-motorized transportation users of allages and abilities Providing a choice of transportationmodes advances transportation equity where transporta-tion policy achieves fair and equitable investment and
access to a range oftransportation options This approach recognizesthe value of trans-portation-systemdiversity and theneed to prioritizeinvestment to affordable modessuch as bicyclingLow-income andminority commu-nities are morelikely to utilizenon-automotive
economic sustainability of communities As an environment- friendly mode of transportation bicycling can decrease carmode share vehicle miles traveled (VMT) auto emissionsand air pollution In addition studies show that communi-ties with multi-modal transportation systems including cycling experience higher property values higher levels ofretail activity and employment and lower-cost transporta-tion options A Journal of Physical Activity and Healtharticle which reported on the studied costs and benefits ofcycling investments in Portland Ore cites the economicpayoffs of bicycle facilitiesmdashinvestments in cycling providelong-term costs savings in health care fuel and lives saved
cycling Provides ldquoFirst- and Last-
Milerdquo connections to Transit
Transportation planners wrestle with thedilemma of how to address first- and last-mile connections to public transit Researchsuggests most people will only walk a distance of one-quarter mile or five to tenminutes but are capable of cycling up tothree miles Therefore bicycling may be aviable option to bridge gaps in first- andlast-mile connections to transit Most public transportation systems are better accommodating cyclists by providing secure parking and allowing riders to bringbicycles on trains and buses
Planning for complete communities in delaware6
In 2010 USDOT issued a policy statement that articulatesthe need to develop fully integrated active-transportationsystems which include bicycling facilities and networksThe policy encourages transportation agencies to planfund and implement improvements to their walking andbicycling networks including linkages to transit Federalstatutes also that require state transportation agencies andmetropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) integratewalking and bicycling facilities and programs in their transportation plans ldquoto ensure the operability of an intermodal transportation systemrdquo
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) an agencywithin USDOT supports a flexible approach to bicycle andpedestrian facility design It advocates the use of AmericanAssociation of State Highway and Transportation Officialsrsquo(AASHTO) Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilitiesas the primary national resource for planning designingand operating bicycle and pedestrian facilities It also advocates the use of provisions within the federal Manualof Uniform Traffic Control Devices and the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) UrbanBikeway Design Guide to build upon the flexibilities provided in the AASHTO Guide These resources support aframework to plan and design safe and convenient facilitiesfor bicyclist and non-motorized transportation networks
USDOT has also launched a comprehensive and coordinatedapproach to improve pedestrian and bicycle safety Thestrategy promotes design improvements to ensure safe and
modes Therefore a lens toward transportation equity ensures that different socioeconomic minority and ethnicgroups are being equitably represented in transportation decision-making processes Emphasis is placed on develop-ment of a transportation system that is accessible efficientaffordable and offers safe alternatives to car travel including bicycling
Support for Bikeability
National-Level Support
Creating connected transporta-tion networks is one of four overarching policy priorities forthe US Department of Trans-portation (USDOT) Federal legislation and regulations require inclusion of convenientsafe accessible and context-sensitive bicycle and pedestriancomponents into all transporta-tion plans and projects to meetthe needs of people of all agesand abilities Recent federal policy initiatives have increasedan emphasis on bikeable environments or ldquobikeabilityrdquowhich describes the extent to which individuals feel comfortable navigating their community by bike
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 7
and well-maintained cycling network that emphasizesshort-trip distances fosters multi-modal trips andintegrates educational programs
Delaware Policy Framework Support
The State of Delaware has long-recognized the benefits ofdeveloping an integrated multi-modal transportation system to improve the economic and environmental sustainability of communities and quality of life for allDelawareans The state has prioritized the need to plan foran integrated non-motorized pathway and recreationaltrail network for recreational and transportation purposesIn 2015 the League of American Bicyclists named Delawareas the 3rd best Bike Friendly State in the US thanks tostate policies dedicated funding for cycling projects safetycampaigns and strong advocacy
Delaware has worked for more than two decades to improvebikeability in Delaware Consistent with federal transporta-tion investment policies and directives DelDOT has shiftedaway from an auto-centric transportation system to onethat provides safe efficient and multi-modal optionsFormed in 1990 the Delaware Bicycle Council has been instrumental in integrating bicycling into Delawarersquos transportation network Appointed by the Governor itsmembers consist of state agency officials and private citizens who are charged with reviewing and improvingupon bicycling bicycle safety and bicycle-safety educationin Delaware In 1995 a Statewide Facilities Master Plan was
efficient routes for pedestrians and bicycles promote behavioral safety and provide education to help individualsmake safer travel choices The national safety campaign Toward Zero Deaths articulates the goal of ldquoworking toward no fatalities across all modes of travelrdquo
Support for Bike-Friendly Environments inDelaware
According to the League of American Bicyclists a BicycleFriendly Community has essential elements across fivecategories known as the ldquoFive Ersquosrdquo
1Engineering ndash presence of infrastructure that provides an interconnected and well-maintained bicycling network
2Education ndash delivery of a bicycle-safety education program that builds cycling skills provides training andimproves awareness of cyclingmotorist rights and responsibilities
3Encouragement ndash institution of a strong bike culture 4Enforcement ndash adoption and enforcement of laws to
treat bicyclists equitably within the transportation system 5Evaluation and planning ndash creation of an interconnected
Planning for complete communities in delaware8
2015 ranking of Delaware asthe third most Bicycle Friendly State (League of American Bicyclists)
placement of new facilities in transportation-improvementprojects
Delawarersquos Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Program ndashThis program was established in 2002 to allocate state fundingtoward infrastructure projects that directly support increasedsafety and convenience for elementary and middle schoolchildren to bicycle andor walk to and from school
Complete Streets ndash On April 24 2009 Delaware GovernorJack A Markell issued Executive Order No 6 and DelDOTsubsequently adopted a Complete Streets policy in 2010 Acomplete street is a transportation facility that is planneddesigned operated and maintained to provide safe mobilityfor users of all ages and abilities including bicyclists pedestrians transit riders and motorists appropriate to thefunction and context of the facility Complete streets facilitate active transportation
Vulnerable Users Law ndash Delaware became the secondstate to sign this into law in August 2010 The law increasespenalties for drivers convicted of careless driving that results in the injury of a vulnerable user of the statersquos roadsA ldquovulnerable userrdquo includes pedestrians individuals working on the road cyclists skateboarders and anyone onroller skates scooters mopeds motorcycles farm tractorsor those riding animals
Walkable Bikeable Delaware ndash The Delaware GeneralAssembly unanimously passed this initiative in May 2011
approved which recognizes bicycling as an integral part ofthe transportation system and includes bicycles withintransportation planning DelDOT appointed its first bicyclepedestrian coordinator in 2001 to address transportation issues of non-motorized users Delawarersquosstrong policy framework for bikeability includesadoptionimplementation of the following
Statewide Bicycle Policy ndash Issued in 2000 this policy requires a minimum of a five-foot-wide shoulder for cyclistsas the transportation system expands and encourages the
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 9
To support the Initiative the Delaware General Assemblypassed Senate Concurrent Resolution 13 in June 2011This resolution approved the study of the building and maintaining of non-motorized travel connections withinand between communities cities and towns in Delawareand to link these connections to form uninterrupted networks for walking and bicycling
Advocacy and Advisement
Statewide advocacy is strong thanks to a network of partner organizations that seek to promote healthylifestyles improve opportunities for active transportationand help plan effective safe and well-connected bikewaynetworks Bike Delaware a non-profit advocacy organization has been working to make bicycling a safeconvenient and fun transportation option in DelawareThe Delaware Council on Health Promotion and DiseasePrevention (CHPDP) was established in May 2010 by Governor Jack Markell ldquoto advise the Governor and Executive Branch on the development and coordination ofstrategies policies programs and other actions statewide topromote healthy lifestylesrdquo Other groupsinitiatives working to support active lifestyles include the DelawareCoalition for Healthy Eating and Active Living(DE HEAL) the Get Up and Do Something campaignDelaware Greenways Sussex Outdoors and NemoursHealth amp Prevention Services (NHPS)
It calls for Delaware to strategically invest in walking andbiking connectivitymdashto design build maintain and linknon-motorized transportation networks both within andamong Delaware communities Since 2011 the DelawareGeneral Assembly and the Wilmington Area PlanningCouncil (WILMAPCO) have invested considerable state andfederal funding in statewide pedestrian and bicycle improvements greenways and trails projects
Delaware Trails and Pathways Initiative ndash In 2011Delaware Governor Markell challenged a team of stateagencies to ldquocreate a world-class statewide network of pathways and trails for Delawarersquos citizens and visitors topromote biking hiking walking and active livingrdquo To meet this challenge DelDOT and the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) led and formed a partnership with regional and local organizations and government to create the Delaware Trailsand Pathways Initiative Its goal is to create an intercon-nected network of shared-use trails and pathways that willsupport non-motorized travel and recreation opportunitiesfor Delawareans and visitors The focus is on bicycling andwalking and providing safe and convenient ways to reachlocal work shops schools recreational sites and transit
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware10
work Other bicycling hurdles include perceptions that facilities or conditions are unsafe absence of traffic-calmingmeasures lack of law enforcement and insufficient educa-tion and outreach to promote bicycling as a viable form oftransportation Addressing these barriers to bikeability iscritically important to ldquono-choicerdquo riders ie those whorely on biking as their primary form of transportation orbike as a first- or last-mile connection to transit
Education and Outreach
Delaware has also utilized education and outreach to ramp-up support for safe cycling The Delaware Strategic HighwaySafety Plan is a statewide coordinated safety plan that aimsto eliminate fatalities on Delaware roadways through amulti-agency approach In 2013 DelDOT formed the PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Group Comprising various highway safety stakeholders its goal isto identify evaluate and implement pedestrianbicycle-related safety improvementsthroughout the state and along several corridorsthat exhibit higher-than-average pedestriancrash rates Several municipalities have also appointed bicycle committees to improve cycling facilities and infrastructure to enhancebikeability
Barriers to Bikeability
Despite strong support for cycling in Delawareobstacles still exist Major barriers to bicyclinginclude geographical or access barriers (eghighways railroad tracks terrain) high-stressstreets with high traffic volume and speeds andintersection issues End-of-trip facilities such asplaces to shower and change and secure sheltered parking that protects bikes from theftand poor weather can be a deterrent to cyclistsmdashparticularly those who commute to
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 11
interests The workshop should be publicized at least 4ndash6weeks in advance of the meeting through a mix of printand digital media Notifications can be posted in local gathering spots or destinations such as schools town hallmunicipal building library and recreation or communitycenters Websites of the local government schools andcommunity and civic organizations can provide outreachvia social media or online ldquonewsrdquo Direct personal contactcan be made to target participation from key stakeholdersincluding local government staff members local electedand appointed officials state legislators public safety agencies health- and safety-advocacy groups bicycle andrecreation enthusiasts local school leaders leaders ofneighborhood civic associations citizen organization representatives local business representatives members ofthe media officials from DelDOT and MPOs and otheridentified stakeholders Ideally the targeted group shouldconsist of approximately 20ndash40 people Identifying champions and gaining advocacy can help build supportfor plans policies funding and technical assistance to improve bicycle infrastructure and conditions
review existing Plans Policies and Programs
Local Plans Policies and Programs
Local government comprehensive plans are the foundationfor land-use planning in Delaware The comprehensive plancommunicates a communityrsquos goals and vision for the future provides a blueprint for future land use and provides
STeP 1 The Pre-ASSeSSMenT
Advanced preparation is critical to ensuring the success ofthe low-stress bikeability assessment process and achievingmeaningful outcomes While the assessment process maybe organized by a formal committee or ad hoc group theoverall process should be planned lead and facilitated byan individual (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) that is designated by a local government
Identify and Involve Stakeholders
Public involvement is a fundamental part of the low-stressbikeability assessment process Stakeholders should be identified and involved throughout the process whetherthe assessment is led and facilitated in-house or by a consultant Participants in the assessment processworkshopwill vary depending on the size and composition of the jurisdiction and the outreach effort For example largermunicipalities may already have and wish to involve a bicycle committee that comprises interested stakeholdersworking to improve bicycling conditions Other jurisdictionsmay wish to involve Planning Commission membersandor consider forming an ad hoc committee consisting ofstakeholders andor volunteers who are interestedinvestedin improving the low-stress bikeability of a specific area
In either case additional outreach should be conducted tomake sure participants are diverse and represent community
Planning for complete communities in delaware12
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
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((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Alt2=)17-4871+1gtamp$+gt1gt9F42+4$-amp++amp4amp+2+-1gt+2+$-11+2(amp(+2$14()$+2amp0amp+(+1gt+6G-)ampampgtgt1amp$-amplt-(1amp(5H(6621+amp(+2Bamp++211-(gt0(+I6
Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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S
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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(D643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2(2)($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp(amp$96((
(EA-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(+0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
( (
)
+ -)--)0-1234)5-67-1)6)869)60-1-9)655-lt)lt9lt21)165-9)=-+3+gt)lt71gt)622431gt)640A)A-)17lt7-1BC)$amp()+)(amp-(+0amp1amp)amp(+(01+(2(32amp1(021amp0)(amp(amp432)+)()2($amp()+)(+00amp5)(+(5$056(
( ( (643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(0+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(2)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(3()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
G--)E6F243)D-12347(gt2=amp5(42(3+0()(3+-5(0+(+5()(amp-(1+6(amp(amp11(+112(5amp=()2(23()amp(522(amp1(amp=amp(0901amp)(3+0()2()+9(01+(2()(5+2$(amp43+0)(A26((
G-1)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(31+05()()+amp0(+5(amp-(1+6(amp(1amp4amp)(0+(522(24(amp(235(2)2()(amp-(1+(+5(32)0)(0901amp)(24(42=amp(0+6(
( (643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2()($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp($96((
$8HAH-9)E6lt-0)-67-17(D24(5amp(+)$(2$15((3)($)(31+05(2$)amp5(2()(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp6(E10)2(+5($43(0+(+1)(5amp=()2()+9(2$)(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(+(12(+(+(amp0901()amp(amp11(2)(amp)(2(2()(+)$(+5($1)(amp(+(+00amp5)6((
( (A-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
G--)7)D-12347(E2$55(0$()+)(+112(+(+5()1(amp43+0)(amp)(0$6(8901amp)(02$15(+12(+amp19(42=($3()(0$()2(+=2amp5(amp))amp(2)(20)(amp()(amp-(1+6((
( (
FA
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ITIe
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +-(--(012(0345(-167189((-(37lt2lt=-(0lt7=72gt($amp())+(-+((amp0(+0)amp(1$(2)amp23)$0+4)+((1amp51(amp(1)+4)(+0$(+amp067(1)8+)-(1)amp()9)amp))3)6
($01718(lt3+(+(amp34(amp)(1)$+3+(lt-9((1)0+(4+$22)$-2)=)0(+051+gt1)$9+3+(lt(amp$)3ltamp0(+0)amp0(1)amp()6(
$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
) 210-+ampamp$ (amp)
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
112879860736354032-+( ampamp 1-(0 0
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
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( (
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( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
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( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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$
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2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
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$
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Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
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+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
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=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
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Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
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Planning for complete communities in delaware38
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
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$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
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Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
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)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
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ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
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))
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
To ensure that people are able to take advantage of low-stress cycling conditions the network must be defined according to user tolerance and likelihood of use
Extensive research has been conducted on how types ofbike riders may be classified into four distinct groups according to 1) levels of confidence of the bicyclists and 2)conditions of the roadways Potential riders may classifiedas 1) not able or interested (37) 2) interested but concerned (53) 3) enthusiastic and confident (9) or 4)strong and fearless (1)
InTroducTIon
After decades of building car-oriented roadway networksmany streets lack connectivity and do not safely accommo-date pedestrians or bicyclists Individuals from no-carhouseholds students migrant or seasonal workers youthand people who are unable to drive (for various reasons)mdashso-called ldquono-choicerdquo bicycle ridersmdashface substantial challenges and transportation inequities in such a car-dominated culture In recent years there has been a growing recognition of the need to create Complete Streetsby planning designing constructing and maintainingstreets to meet the needs of multi-modal roadway users ofall ages and abilities Improving conditions and opportuni-ties for walking and bicycling as well as integrating walkingand bicycling into local-transportation networks is criticalto instituting Complete Streets one of five elements identi-fied in a framework to plan for Complete Communities inDelaware In addition to fostering active transportation andtransportation equity bicycling promotes activity-friendlyenvironments environmental and economic sustainabilityand ldquofirst- and last-milerdquo connections to transit
What is Low-Stress cycling
Low-Stress Cycling (LSC) refers to the idea that a networkmay be established to ensure that there are ways in which acyclist can easily access areas throughout a transportationnetwork without being an extremely confident rider
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Percentage of cyclists categorized by tolerance for levels of stress (MassDOT 2015)
1
stress and that do not involve an undue level of detourrdquoWhile a small fraction of the population will tolerate sharing a road with heavy or fast traffic most individualsare ldquointerested but concernedrdquo willing to accept only asmall degree of traffic stress In addition a Bicycle AccessVision Plan for Northern Santa Clara County Calif
A study by the Mineta Transportation Institute asserts ldquofora bicycling network to attract the widest possible segmentof the population its most fundamental attribute should below-stress connectivityhellip [It should] provide routes betweenpeoplersquos origins and destinations that do not require cyclists to use links that exceed their tolerance for traffic
Planning for complete communities in delaware
Visualization of how Levels of Traffic Stress may be applied to Delawarersquos transportation system
2
who is an authorized representative of a Delaware local government (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) The three-step process is designed for use by theworkshop facilitator to engage stakeholders
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment ndash provides an advanced preparation process to ensure the success of the low-stress bikeability assessment The process helps identify and engage community members and recommends reviewingplans and planning resources gathering data selecting astudy area and using a series of visual prompts to preparefor the workshop and in-field bikeability assessment
Step 2 The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment ndash preparesworkshop participants using a narrated presentation thatprovides an overview of ldquowhat to look forrdquo during the assessment A Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklistwhich corresponds to the visual prompts and narrated pres-entation is provided for participants to record observationsand bikeability conditions during the in-field bikeability assessment Upon completing the in-field assessment participants immediately reconvene in a facilitated workshop setting for a debriefing and mapping exercise
Step 3 Post-Assessment ndash entails carrying out a processthat involves prioritizing concerns preparing a writtensummary presenting findings to stakeholders and fundingentities gaining support and developing an action planthat considers the need for plans policies design changesfunding support maintenance plansagreements and technical assistance
suggests that ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists will be deterred by traveling long distances to access low-stressroutes cycling on high-speed streets with no bike lanesand gaps in network connectivity
A goal of bicycle-network planning is to improve connec-tivity to key destinations and other transportation modesand provide low-stress routes that attract ldquointerested butconcernedrdquo and ldquono-choicerdquo riders ldquoNo-choicerdquo riders maybe defined as individuals who ride bikes as a primary modeof transportation or ride tofrom a transit location Examplesof ldquono-choicerdquo riders include individuals from non-carhouseholds students migrant or seasonal workers youthand people who are unable to drive (for various reasons)Creating a bike lane alone is not enough to create a low-stress network
Purpose of Tool and Three-Step Process
The purpose of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool is to assist local government officials and community members in assessing the low-stress bikeability of a priorityroadway segment to address the needs of ldquointerested butconcernedrdquo and ldquono-choicerdquo riders The assessment tooland three-step process are designed for use in a facilitatedworkshop setting to engage stakeholdersmdasheither a formalcommittee appointed by a local government or an informalor ad hoc group comprising diverse community representa-tives It is recommended that the workshop be organizedand facilitated by a designated workshop leaderfacilitator
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 3
such as heart disease cancer or diabetesrdquo These diseasescontribute to disability premature death and healthcarecosts Delawarersquos problem is apparent According to a 2014State of Obesity report Delaware has the 17th highestadult obesity rate in the nation Adult obesity in Delawarehas escalated from 171 percent in 2000 to 307 percent in2014 Childhood obesity in Delaware is also a concern ADelaware Survey of Childrenrsquos Health sponsored by
Why BIke
Bicycling Promotes ldquoActivity-Friendlyrdquo
environments
Physical inactivity has increasingly become a product ofAmericarsquos automobile-centricbuilt environments The USDepartment of Health andHuman Servicesrsquo 2008 Physi-cal Activity Guidelines forAmericans recommends thatchildren be physically activefor at least 60 minutes a dayand adults get 30 minutes ofmoderate-intensity aerobicactivity daily five days aweek Yet most Americansdonrsquot meet these recom-mended guidelines and thatlack of activity is posing agreat threat to the health ofour nation
A US Surgeon Generalrsquos report indicates that ldquooneout of every two US adults isliving with a chronic disease
Planning for complete communities in delaware
Adult obesity state-by-state 2014 (RWJF 2015)
4
in a September 2015 Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) research letter Safe cycling is also aconcern in Delaware where there were 15 bicycle-relatedfatalities between 2009 and 2013 Because bicyclists are expected to ride on most roadways itrsquos essential that bicycle facilities safely accommodate and encourage cycling
cycling Benefits Local communities
In addition to public health and active transportation benefits bicycling enhances both the environmental and
Nemours Health and Prevention Services indicates that40 percent of children between the ages 2 and 17 wereoverweight or obese in 2011
According to the US Department of Health amp HumanServices ldquoincreasing peoplersquos physical activity levels willsignificantly reduce their risk of chronic diseases and related risk factorsrdquo The US Surgeon General has proposed a Call to Action for Americans to be healthierby increasing their levels of physical activity Improvingthe built environment to provide opportunities for walking and biking is one way to increase peoplersquos physical activity Bicycling can improve both physicaland mental health by reducing the risk of chronic diseases associated with being overweight and obese lowering blood pressure and relieving depression
Bicycling Fosters Active Transportation
Active transportation is any human-powered mode of transportation Bicycle infrastructure and facilities that arewell designed constructed and maintained can promoteactive transportation Cycling as recreation sport andmeans of transportationmdashparticularly for commutingmdashisgrowing in popularity A survey by People for Bikes foundthat of the 318 million people living in the US almost 104million Americans rode a bicycle at least once in 2014 thatyear 45 million used bicycling as a means of transportationHowever along with the increase in cycling is a rise in cycling-related injuries from 1998 to 2012 as documented
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 5
Bicycling Advances complete Streets and
Transportation equity
Historically transportation planning policy and investmentshave focused on auto-centric roadway improvements Anew transportation policy and planning frameworkmdashldquoComplete Streetsrdquomdashfocuses on moving people instead ofcars Complete Streets emphasizes the need for transporta-tion systems to be designed built and maintained for motorized and non-motorized transportation users of allages and abilities Providing a choice of transportationmodes advances transportation equity where transporta-tion policy achieves fair and equitable investment and
access to a range oftransportation options This approach recognizesthe value of trans-portation-systemdiversity and theneed to prioritizeinvestment to affordable modessuch as bicyclingLow-income andminority commu-nities are morelikely to utilizenon-automotive
economic sustainability of communities As an environment- friendly mode of transportation bicycling can decrease carmode share vehicle miles traveled (VMT) auto emissionsand air pollution In addition studies show that communi-ties with multi-modal transportation systems including cycling experience higher property values higher levels ofretail activity and employment and lower-cost transporta-tion options A Journal of Physical Activity and Healtharticle which reported on the studied costs and benefits ofcycling investments in Portland Ore cites the economicpayoffs of bicycle facilitiesmdashinvestments in cycling providelong-term costs savings in health care fuel and lives saved
cycling Provides ldquoFirst- and Last-
Milerdquo connections to Transit
Transportation planners wrestle with thedilemma of how to address first- and last-mile connections to public transit Researchsuggests most people will only walk a distance of one-quarter mile or five to tenminutes but are capable of cycling up tothree miles Therefore bicycling may be aviable option to bridge gaps in first- andlast-mile connections to transit Most public transportation systems are better accommodating cyclists by providing secure parking and allowing riders to bringbicycles on trains and buses
Planning for complete communities in delaware6
In 2010 USDOT issued a policy statement that articulatesthe need to develop fully integrated active-transportationsystems which include bicycling facilities and networksThe policy encourages transportation agencies to planfund and implement improvements to their walking andbicycling networks including linkages to transit Federalstatutes also that require state transportation agencies andmetropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) integratewalking and bicycling facilities and programs in their transportation plans ldquoto ensure the operability of an intermodal transportation systemrdquo
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) an agencywithin USDOT supports a flexible approach to bicycle andpedestrian facility design It advocates the use of AmericanAssociation of State Highway and Transportation Officialsrsquo(AASHTO) Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilitiesas the primary national resource for planning designingand operating bicycle and pedestrian facilities It also advocates the use of provisions within the federal Manualof Uniform Traffic Control Devices and the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) UrbanBikeway Design Guide to build upon the flexibilities provided in the AASHTO Guide These resources support aframework to plan and design safe and convenient facilitiesfor bicyclist and non-motorized transportation networks
USDOT has also launched a comprehensive and coordinatedapproach to improve pedestrian and bicycle safety Thestrategy promotes design improvements to ensure safe and
modes Therefore a lens toward transportation equity ensures that different socioeconomic minority and ethnicgroups are being equitably represented in transportation decision-making processes Emphasis is placed on develop-ment of a transportation system that is accessible efficientaffordable and offers safe alternatives to car travel including bicycling
Support for Bikeability
National-Level Support
Creating connected transporta-tion networks is one of four overarching policy priorities forthe US Department of Trans-portation (USDOT) Federal legislation and regulations require inclusion of convenientsafe accessible and context-sensitive bicycle and pedestriancomponents into all transporta-tion plans and projects to meetthe needs of people of all agesand abilities Recent federal policy initiatives have increasedan emphasis on bikeable environments or ldquobikeabilityrdquowhich describes the extent to which individuals feel comfortable navigating their community by bike
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 7
and well-maintained cycling network that emphasizesshort-trip distances fosters multi-modal trips andintegrates educational programs
Delaware Policy Framework Support
The State of Delaware has long-recognized the benefits ofdeveloping an integrated multi-modal transportation system to improve the economic and environmental sustainability of communities and quality of life for allDelawareans The state has prioritized the need to plan foran integrated non-motorized pathway and recreationaltrail network for recreational and transportation purposesIn 2015 the League of American Bicyclists named Delawareas the 3rd best Bike Friendly State in the US thanks tostate policies dedicated funding for cycling projects safetycampaigns and strong advocacy
Delaware has worked for more than two decades to improvebikeability in Delaware Consistent with federal transporta-tion investment policies and directives DelDOT has shiftedaway from an auto-centric transportation system to onethat provides safe efficient and multi-modal optionsFormed in 1990 the Delaware Bicycle Council has been instrumental in integrating bicycling into Delawarersquos transportation network Appointed by the Governor itsmembers consist of state agency officials and private citizens who are charged with reviewing and improvingupon bicycling bicycle safety and bicycle-safety educationin Delaware In 1995 a Statewide Facilities Master Plan was
efficient routes for pedestrians and bicycles promote behavioral safety and provide education to help individualsmake safer travel choices The national safety campaign Toward Zero Deaths articulates the goal of ldquoworking toward no fatalities across all modes of travelrdquo
Support for Bike-Friendly Environments inDelaware
According to the League of American Bicyclists a BicycleFriendly Community has essential elements across fivecategories known as the ldquoFive Ersquosrdquo
1Engineering ndash presence of infrastructure that provides an interconnected and well-maintained bicycling network
2Education ndash delivery of a bicycle-safety education program that builds cycling skills provides training andimproves awareness of cyclingmotorist rights and responsibilities
3Encouragement ndash institution of a strong bike culture 4Enforcement ndash adoption and enforcement of laws to
treat bicyclists equitably within the transportation system 5Evaluation and planning ndash creation of an interconnected
Planning for complete communities in delaware8
2015 ranking of Delaware asthe third most Bicycle Friendly State (League of American Bicyclists)
placement of new facilities in transportation-improvementprojects
Delawarersquos Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Program ndashThis program was established in 2002 to allocate state fundingtoward infrastructure projects that directly support increasedsafety and convenience for elementary and middle schoolchildren to bicycle andor walk to and from school
Complete Streets ndash On April 24 2009 Delaware GovernorJack A Markell issued Executive Order No 6 and DelDOTsubsequently adopted a Complete Streets policy in 2010 Acomplete street is a transportation facility that is planneddesigned operated and maintained to provide safe mobilityfor users of all ages and abilities including bicyclists pedestrians transit riders and motorists appropriate to thefunction and context of the facility Complete streets facilitate active transportation
Vulnerable Users Law ndash Delaware became the secondstate to sign this into law in August 2010 The law increasespenalties for drivers convicted of careless driving that results in the injury of a vulnerable user of the statersquos roadsA ldquovulnerable userrdquo includes pedestrians individuals working on the road cyclists skateboarders and anyone onroller skates scooters mopeds motorcycles farm tractorsor those riding animals
Walkable Bikeable Delaware ndash The Delaware GeneralAssembly unanimously passed this initiative in May 2011
approved which recognizes bicycling as an integral part ofthe transportation system and includes bicycles withintransportation planning DelDOT appointed its first bicyclepedestrian coordinator in 2001 to address transportation issues of non-motorized users Delawarersquosstrong policy framework for bikeability includesadoptionimplementation of the following
Statewide Bicycle Policy ndash Issued in 2000 this policy requires a minimum of a five-foot-wide shoulder for cyclistsas the transportation system expands and encourages the
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 9
To support the Initiative the Delaware General Assemblypassed Senate Concurrent Resolution 13 in June 2011This resolution approved the study of the building and maintaining of non-motorized travel connections withinand between communities cities and towns in Delawareand to link these connections to form uninterrupted networks for walking and bicycling
Advocacy and Advisement
Statewide advocacy is strong thanks to a network of partner organizations that seek to promote healthylifestyles improve opportunities for active transportationand help plan effective safe and well-connected bikewaynetworks Bike Delaware a non-profit advocacy organization has been working to make bicycling a safeconvenient and fun transportation option in DelawareThe Delaware Council on Health Promotion and DiseasePrevention (CHPDP) was established in May 2010 by Governor Jack Markell ldquoto advise the Governor and Executive Branch on the development and coordination ofstrategies policies programs and other actions statewide topromote healthy lifestylesrdquo Other groupsinitiatives working to support active lifestyles include the DelawareCoalition for Healthy Eating and Active Living(DE HEAL) the Get Up and Do Something campaignDelaware Greenways Sussex Outdoors and NemoursHealth amp Prevention Services (NHPS)
It calls for Delaware to strategically invest in walking andbiking connectivitymdashto design build maintain and linknon-motorized transportation networks both within andamong Delaware communities Since 2011 the DelawareGeneral Assembly and the Wilmington Area PlanningCouncil (WILMAPCO) have invested considerable state andfederal funding in statewide pedestrian and bicycle improvements greenways and trails projects
Delaware Trails and Pathways Initiative ndash In 2011Delaware Governor Markell challenged a team of stateagencies to ldquocreate a world-class statewide network of pathways and trails for Delawarersquos citizens and visitors topromote biking hiking walking and active livingrdquo To meet this challenge DelDOT and the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) led and formed a partnership with regional and local organizations and government to create the Delaware Trailsand Pathways Initiative Its goal is to create an intercon-nected network of shared-use trails and pathways that willsupport non-motorized travel and recreation opportunitiesfor Delawareans and visitors The focus is on bicycling andwalking and providing safe and convenient ways to reachlocal work shops schools recreational sites and transit
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware10
work Other bicycling hurdles include perceptions that facilities or conditions are unsafe absence of traffic-calmingmeasures lack of law enforcement and insufficient educa-tion and outreach to promote bicycling as a viable form oftransportation Addressing these barriers to bikeability iscritically important to ldquono-choicerdquo riders ie those whorely on biking as their primary form of transportation orbike as a first- or last-mile connection to transit
Education and Outreach
Delaware has also utilized education and outreach to ramp-up support for safe cycling The Delaware Strategic HighwaySafety Plan is a statewide coordinated safety plan that aimsto eliminate fatalities on Delaware roadways through amulti-agency approach In 2013 DelDOT formed the PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Group Comprising various highway safety stakeholders its goal isto identify evaluate and implement pedestrianbicycle-related safety improvementsthroughout the state and along several corridorsthat exhibit higher-than-average pedestriancrash rates Several municipalities have also appointed bicycle committees to improve cycling facilities and infrastructure to enhancebikeability
Barriers to Bikeability
Despite strong support for cycling in Delawareobstacles still exist Major barriers to bicyclinginclude geographical or access barriers (eghighways railroad tracks terrain) high-stressstreets with high traffic volume and speeds andintersection issues End-of-trip facilities such asplaces to shower and change and secure sheltered parking that protects bikes from theftand poor weather can be a deterrent to cyclistsmdashparticularly those who commute to
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 11
interests The workshop should be publicized at least 4ndash6weeks in advance of the meeting through a mix of printand digital media Notifications can be posted in local gathering spots or destinations such as schools town hallmunicipal building library and recreation or communitycenters Websites of the local government schools andcommunity and civic organizations can provide outreachvia social media or online ldquonewsrdquo Direct personal contactcan be made to target participation from key stakeholdersincluding local government staff members local electedand appointed officials state legislators public safety agencies health- and safety-advocacy groups bicycle andrecreation enthusiasts local school leaders leaders ofneighborhood civic associations citizen organization representatives local business representatives members ofthe media officials from DelDOT and MPOs and otheridentified stakeholders Ideally the targeted group shouldconsist of approximately 20ndash40 people Identifying champions and gaining advocacy can help build supportfor plans policies funding and technical assistance to improve bicycle infrastructure and conditions
review existing Plans Policies and Programs
Local Plans Policies and Programs
Local government comprehensive plans are the foundationfor land-use planning in Delaware The comprehensive plancommunicates a communityrsquos goals and vision for the future provides a blueprint for future land use and provides
STeP 1 The Pre-ASSeSSMenT
Advanced preparation is critical to ensuring the success ofthe low-stress bikeability assessment process and achievingmeaningful outcomes While the assessment process maybe organized by a formal committee or ad hoc group theoverall process should be planned lead and facilitated byan individual (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) that is designated by a local government
Identify and Involve Stakeholders
Public involvement is a fundamental part of the low-stressbikeability assessment process Stakeholders should be identified and involved throughout the process whetherthe assessment is led and facilitated in-house or by a consultant Participants in the assessment processworkshopwill vary depending on the size and composition of the jurisdiction and the outreach effort For example largermunicipalities may already have and wish to involve a bicycle committee that comprises interested stakeholdersworking to improve bicycling conditions Other jurisdictionsmay wish to involve Planning Commission membersandor consider forming an ad hoc committee consisting ofstakeholders andor volunteers who are interestedinvestedin improving the low-stress bikeability of a specific area
In either case additional outreach should be conducted tomake sure participants are diverse and represent community
Planning for complete communities in delaware12
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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8-9)1200($amp160amp018$$0(-$+ampamp0-(-07(amp7$-amp2$405$-$+$$(1$-1)1208
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)-7445-AB-C45lt9)120amp5$2-(amp$+ampamp$-amp46amp)amp(1amp3lt-22-6002amp-lt$8
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
FAc
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( ( (196(7$amp(+(9lt$(6+amp$()(=($$(3$(-(amp+-3$5((0+amp(9$(06(-(amp+4gt+$1($+6)(0+amp(06(09)5($)(gt$()0lt(amp(7$(gt$)5(+amp(0+)(0-$(4$8(06-)$(-(0806))1((
22-A1=4-)A7$(+4$+gt$(9lt$(6+amp$()7-6(9$(9$3$$amp(BC(D($$(3$1(
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((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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+ $)-0)120)345)6705489)0)-079)7-)78489lt2=)gt-487-48)))$amp($)$(+-amp+amp01amp0+(amp(12-3+-+-140amp1amp+()amp-(+3-(5(amp+$41$amp(16
-)Alt2=)B45)C71578(59amp$amp1amp+()1$501-amp$56amp1lt+1+amp5(0(99($414+amp091(+19(lt(-(-amp$56
Alt2=)B45)C71578(5amp$5++-140amp+)1amp$$++amp04+6=0amp)2-lt(lt1gt1(+19$1amp$1lt-($-11$5amp(56
B45)1507)1(0amp$10amp01$509amp$(()1+1amp($)$6ampgt1(009A19A$-ampB106C)4+94(-(B-Aamp99($ampamp+amp0gtamp$+lt-gt1gt1$5-((5+911Bgt(10+19(2+4$-amp+14+(019199($4(0(B+amp0amp+(+1gt+6
-)Alt2=)17-487Damp$5+amp0(99($41amp$$++211$1+14(0(B+11-1+4$(1+194)4((E211419-ltamp)91amp(B940+(amp(1+6
Alt2=)17-4871+1gtamp$+gt1gt9F42+4$-amp++amp4amp+2+-1gt+2+$-11+2(amp(+2$14()$+2amp0amp+(+1gt+6G-)ampampgtgt1amp$-amplt-(1amp(5H(6621+amp(+2Bamp++211-(gt0(+I6
Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
cIL
ITIe
S
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+ -)012034)30546)72)12)0)14851-2)5905)1)lt4=425)gt059-739)9006)gt-)8A81656B)$ampamp(ampamp)+amp-$0$1$$-2)amp$amp34$)amp0ampamp-$0amp+$1$5)6$)amp00$amp)2-7$amp$+6389amp)$)amp()$2$0amp+$1$9)077$amp90$+0222$-2)amp$9)$)0$(23
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D465lt)2)$)amp=)90+71097$amp29amp$$7)22-amp$1$-2)amp$9amp0$1($ampamp(9)077$amp$223
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
cIL
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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(D643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(120+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(02)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(23()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
(D643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2(2)($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp(amp$96((
(EA-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(+0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
( (
)
+ -)--)0-1234)5-67-1)6)869)60-1-9)655-lt)lt9lt21)165-9)=-+3+gt)lt71gt)622431gt)640A)A-)17lt7-1BC)$amp()+)(amp-(+0amp1amp)amp(+(01+(2(32amp1(021amp0)(amp(amp432)+)()2($amp()+)(+00amp5)(+(5$056(
( ( (643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(0+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(2)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(3()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
G--)E6F243)D-12347(gt2=amp5(42(3+0()(3+-5(0+(+5()(amp-(1+6(amp(amp11(+112(5amp=()2(23()amp(522(amp1(amp=amp(0901amp)(3+0()2()+9(01+(2()(5+2$(amp43+0)(A26((
G-1)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(31+05()()+amp0(+5(amp-(1+6(amp(1amp4amp)(0+(522(24(amp(235(2)2()(amp-(1+(+5(32)0)(0901amp)(24(42=amp(0+6(
( (643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2()($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp($96((
$8HAH-9)E6lt-0)-67-17(D24(5amp(+)$(2$15((3)($)(31+05(2$)amp5(2()(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp6(E10)2(+5($43(0+(+1)(5amp=()2()+9(2$)(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(+(12(+(+(amp0901()amp(amp11(2)(amp)(2(2()(+)$(+5($1)(amp(+(+00amp5)6((
( (A-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
G--)7)D-12347(E2$55(0$()+)(+112(+(+5()1(amp43+0)(amp)(0$6(8901amp)(02$15(+12(+amp19(42=($3()(0$()2(+=2amp5(amp))amp(2)(20)(amp()(amp-(1+6((
( (
FA
cIL
ITIe
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +-(--(012(0345(-167189((-(37lt2lt=-(0lt7=72gt($amp())+(-+((amp0(+0)amp(1$(2)amp23)$0+4)+((1amp51(amp(1)+4)(+0$(+amp067(1)8+)-(1)amp()9)amp))3)6
($01718(lt3+(+(amp34(amp)(1)$+3+(lt-9((1)0+(4+$22)$-2)=)0(+051+gt1)$9+3+(lt(amp$)3ltamp0(+0)amp0(1)amp()6(
$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
) 210-+ampamp$ (amp)
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
112879860736354032-+( ampamp 1-(0 0
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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4365049063$-1-(amp 12amp3232
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
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( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
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6amp02032332
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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$
amp
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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(((((((((((((((
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( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
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0933-2032$-8033
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2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
899019(=$amp+(107)amp(0amp($(+(8amp(-+-+ampgt()6)-(0amp(amp((0amp((()+-amp+(+(7(lt)amp4(((
((((((((((((((
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Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
$amp
(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
$4gt+8F7-$0+17AB)4-27(6+2(0)(1(1(58(511+()+1()061(-2)+-0(3(0027lt(27()--(4-19(0gtamp20(7001+(74+(2))(C8()-20--19(09(1)162-748((1282()-)+240(gt
64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
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ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
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5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
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$amp
(
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Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
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$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
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)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
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$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
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$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
stress and that do not involve an undue level of detourrdquoWhile a small fraction of the population will tolerate sharing a road with heavy or fast traffic most individualsare ldquointerested but concernedrdquo willing to accept only asmall degree of traffic stress In addition a Bicycle AccessVision Plan for Northern Santa Clara County Calif
A study by the Mineta Transportation Institute asserts ldquofora bicycling network to attract the widest possible segmentof the population its most fundamental attribute should below-stress connectivityhellip [It should] provide routes betweenpeoplersquos origins and destinations that do not require cyclists to use links that exceed their tolerance for traffic
Planning for complete communities in delaware
Visualization of how Levels of Traffic Stress may be applied to Delawarersquos transportation system
2
who is an authorized representative of a Delaware local government (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) The three-step process is designed for use by theworkshop facilitator to engage stakeholders
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment ndash provides an advanced preparation process to ensure the success of the low-stress bikeability assessment The process helps identify and engage community members and recommends reviewingplans and planning resources gathering data selecting astudy area and using a series of visual prompts to preparefor the workshop and in-field bikeability assessment
Step 2 The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment ndash preparesworkshop participants using a narrated presentation thatprovides an overview of ldquowhat to look forrdquo during the assessment A Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklistwhich corresponds to the visual prompts and narrated pres-entation is provided for participants to record observationsand bikeability conditions during the in-field bikeability assessment Upon completing the in-field assessment participants immediately reconvene in a facilitated workshop setting for a debriefing and mapping exercise
Step 3 Post-Assessment ndash entails carrying out a processthat involves prioritizing concerns preparing a writtensummary presenting findings to stakeholders and fundingentities gaining support and developing an action planthat considers the need for plans policies design changesfunding support maintenance plansagreements and technical assistance
suggests that ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists will be deterred by traveling long distances to access low-stressroutes cycling on high-speed streets with no bike lanesand gaps in network connectivity
A goal of bicycle-network planning is to improve connec-tivity to key destinations and other transportation modesand provide low-stress routes that attract ldquointerested butconcernedrdquo and ldquono-choicerdquo riders ldquoNo-choicerdquo riders maybe defined as individuals who ride bikes as a primary modeof transportation or ride tofrom a transit location Examplesof ldquono-choicerdquo riders include individuals from non-carhouseholds students migrant or seasonal workers youthand people who are unable to drive (for various reasons)Creating a bike lane alone is not enough to create a low-stress network
Purpose of Tool and Three-Step Process
The purpose of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool is to assist local government officials and community members in assessing the low-stress bikeability of a priorityroadway segment to address the needs of ldquointerested butconcernedrdquo and ldquono-choicerdquo riders The assessment tooland three-step process are designed for use in a facilitatedworkshop setting to engage stakeholdersmdasheither a formalcommittee appointed by a local government or an informalor ad hoc group comprising diverse community representa-tives It is recommended that the workshop be organizedand facilitated by a designated workshop leaderfacilitator
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 3
such as heart disease cancer or diabetesrdquo These diseasescontribute to disability premature death and healthcarecosts Delawarersquos problem is apparent According to a 2014State of Obesity report Delaware has the 17th highestadult obesity rate in the nation Adult obesity in Delawarehas escalated from 171 percent in 2000 to 307 percent in2014 Childhood obesity in Delaware is also a concern ADelaware Survey of Childrenrsquos Health sponsored by
Why BIke
Bicycling Promotes ldquoActivity-Friendlyrdquo
environments
Physical inactivity has increasingly become a product ofAmericarsquos automobile-centricbuilt environments The USDepartment of Health andHuman Servicesrsquo 2008 Physi-cal Activity Guidelines forAmericans recommends thatchildren be physically activefor at least 60 minutes a dayand adults get 30 minutes ofmoderate-intensity aerobicactivity daily five days aweek Yet most Americansdonrsquot meet these recom-mended guidelines and thatlack of activity is posing agreat threat to the health ofour nation
A US Surgeon Generalrsquos report indicates that ldquooneout of every two US adults isliving with a chronic disease
Planning for complete communities in delaware
Adult obesity state-by-state 2014 (RWJF 2015)
4
in a September 2015 Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) research letter Safe cycling is also aconcern in Delaware where there were 15 bicycle-relatedfatalities between 2009 and 2013 Because bicyclists are expected to ride on most roadways itrsquos essential that bicycle facilities safely accommodate and encourage cycling
cycling Benefits Local communities
In addition to public health and active transportation benefits bicycling enhances both the environmental and
Nemours Health and Prevention Services indicates that40 percent of children between the ages 2 and 17 wereoverweight or obese in 2011
According to the US Department of Health amp HumanServices ldquoincreasing peoplersquos physical activity levels willsignificantly reduce their risk of chronic diseases and related risk factorsrdquo The US Surgeon General has proposed a Call to Action for Americans to be healthierby increasing their levels of physical activity Improvingthe built environment to provide opportunities for walking and biking is one way to increase peoplersquos physical activity Bicycling can improve both physicaland mental health by reducing the risk of chronic diseases associated with being overweight and obese lowering blood pressure and relieving depression
Bicycling Fosters Active Transportation
Active transportation is any human-powered mode of transportation Bicycle infrastructure and facilities that arewell designed constructed and maintained can promoteactive transportation Cycling as recreation sport andmeans of transportationmdashparticularly for commutingmdashisgrowing in popularity A survey by People for Bikes foundthat of the 318 million people living in the US almost 104million Americans rode a bicycle at least once in 2014 thatyear 45 million used bicycling as a means of transportationHowever along with the increase in cycling is a rise in cycling-related injuries from 1998 to 2012 as documented
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 5
Bicycling Advances complete Streets and
Transportation equity
Historically transportation planning policy and investmentshave focused on auto-centric roadway improvements Anew transportation policy and planning frameworkmdashldquoComplete Streetsrdquomdashfocuses on moving people instead ofcars Complete Streets emphasizes the need for transporta-tion systems to be designed built and maintained for motorized and non-motorized transportation users of allages and abilities Providing a choice of transportationmodes advances transportation equity where transporta-tion policy achieves fair and equitable investment and
access to a range oftransportation options This approach recognizesthe value of trans-portation-systemdiversity and theneed to prioritizeinvestment to affordable modessuch as bicyclingLow-income andminority commu-nities are morelikely to utilizenon-automotive
economic sustainability of communities As an environment- friendly mode of transportation bicycling can decrease carmode share vehicle miles traveled (VMT) auto emissionsand air pollution In addition studies show that communi-ties with multi-modal transportation systems including cycling experience higher property values higher levels ofretail activity and employment and lower-cost transporta-tion options A Journal of Physical Activity and Healtharticle which reported on the studied costs and benefits ofcycling investments in Portland Ore cites the economicpayoffs of bicycle facilitiesmdashinvestments in cycling providelong-term costs savings in health care fuel and lives saved
cycling Provides ldquoFirst- and Last-
Milerdquo connections to Transit
Transportation planners wrestle with thedilemma of how to address first- and last-mile connections to public transit Researchsuggests most people will only walk a distance of one-quarter mile or five to tenminutes but are capable of cycling up tothree miles Therefore bicycling may be aviable option to bridge gaps in first- andlast-mile connections to transit Most public transportation systems are better accommodating cyclists by providing secure parking and allowing riders to bringbicycles on trains and buses
Planning for complete communities in delaware6
In 2010 USDOT issued a policy statement that articulatesthe need to develop fully integrated active-transportationsystems which include bicycling facilities and networksThe policy encourages transportation agencies to planfund and implement improvements to their walking andbicycling networks including linkages to transit Federalstatutes also that require state transportation agencies andmetropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) integratewalking and bicycling facilities and programs in their transportation plans ldquoto ensure the operability of an intermodal transportation systemrdquo
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) an agencywithin USDOT supports a flexible approach to bicycle andpedestrian facility design It advocates the use of AmericanAssociation of State Highway and Transportation Officialsrsquo(AASHTO) Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilitiesas the primary national resource for planning designingand operating bicycle and pedestrian facilities It also advocates the use of provisions within the federal Manualof Uniform Traffic Control Devices and the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) UrbanBikeway Design Guide to build upon the flexibilities provided in the AASHTO Guide These resources support aframework to plan and design safe and convenient facilitiesfor bicyclist and non-motorized transportation networks
USDOT has also launched a comprehensive and coordinatedapproach to improve pedestrian and bicycle safety Thestrategy promotes design improvements to ensure safe and
modes Therefore a lens toward transportation equity ensures that different socioeconomic minority and ethnicgroups are being equitably represented in transportation decision-making processes Emphasis is placed on develop-ment of a transportation system that is accessible efficientaffordable and offers safe alternatives to car travel including bicycling
Support for Bikeability
National-Level Support
Creating connected transporta-tion networks is one of four overarching policy priorities forthe US Department of Trans-portation (USDOT) Federal legislation and regulations require inclusion of convenientsafe accessible and context-sensitive bicycle and pedestriancomponents into all transporta-tion plans and projects to meetthe needs of people of all agesand abilities Recent federal policy initiatives have increasedan emphasis on bikeable environments or ldquobikeabilityrdquowhich describes the extent to which individuals feel comfortable navigating their community by bike
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 7
and well-maintained cycling network that emphasizesshort-trip distances fosters multi-modal trips andintegrates educational programs
Delaware Policy Framework Support
The State of Delaware has long-recognized the benefits ofdeveloping an integrated multi-modal transportation system to improve the economic and environmental sustainability of communities and quality of life for allDelawareans The state has prioritized the need to plan foran integrated non-motorized pathway and recreationaltrail network for recreational and transportation purposesIn 2015 the League of American Bicyclists named Delawareas the 3rd best Bike Friendly State in the US thanks tostate policies dedicated funding for cycling projects safetycampaigns and strong advocacy
Delaware has worked for more than two decades to improvebikeability in Delaware Consistent with federal transporta-tion investment policies and directives DelDOT has shiftedaway from an auto-centric transportation system to onethat provides safe efficient and multi-modal optionsFormed in 1990 the Delaware Bicycle Council has been instrumental in integrating bicycling into Delawarersquos transportation network Appointed by the Governor itsmembers consist of state agency officials and private citizens who are charged with reviewing and improvingupon bicycling bicycle safety and bicycle-safety educationin Delaware In 1995 a Statewide Facilities Master Plan was
efficient routes for pedestrians and bicycles promote behavioral safety and provide education to help individualsmake safer travel choices The national safety campaign Toward Zero Deaths articulates the goal of ldquoworking toward no fatalities across all modes of travelrdquo
Support for Bike-Friendly Environments inDelaware
According to the League of American Bicyclists a BicycleFriendly Community has essential elements across fivecategories known as the ldquoFive Ersquosrdquo
1Engineering ndash presence of infrastructure that provides an interconnected and well-maintained bicycling network
2Education ndash delivery of a bicycle-safety education program that builds cycling skills provides training andimproves awareness of cyclingmotorist rights and responsibilities
3Encouragement ndash institution of a strong bike culture 4Enforcement ndash adoption and enforcement of laws to
treat bicyclists equitably within the transportation system 5Evaluation and planning ndash creation of an interconnected
Planning for complete communities in delaware8
2015 ranking of Delaware asthe third most Bicycle Friendly State (League of American Bicyclists)
placement of new facilities in transportation-improvementprojects
Delawarersquos Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Program ndashThis program was established in 2002 to allocate state fundingtoward infrastructure projects that directly support increasedsafety and convenience for elementary and middle schoolchildren to bicycle andor walk to and from school
Complete Streets ndash On April 24 2009 Delaware GovernorJack A Markell issued Executive Order No 6 and DelDOTsubsequently adopted a Complete Streets policy in 2010 Acomplete street is a transportation facility that is planneddesigned operated and maintained to provide safe mobilityfor users of all ages and abilities including bicyclists pedestrians transit riders and motorists appropriate to thefunction and context of the facility Complete streets facilitate active transportation
Vulnerable Users Law ndash Delaware became the secondstate to sign this into law in August 2010 The law increasespenalties for drivers convicted of careless driving that results in the injury of a vulnerable user of the statersquos roadsA ldquovulnerable userrdquo includes pedestrians individuals working on the road cyclists skateboarders and anyone onroller skates scooters mopeds motorcycles farm tractorsor those riding animals
Walkable Bikeable Delaware ndash The Delaware GeneralAssembly unanimously passed this initiative in May 2011
approved which recognizes bicycling as an integral part ofthe transportation system and includes bicycles withintransportation planning DelDOT appointed its first bicyclepedestrian coordinator in 2001 to address transportation issues of non-motorized users Delawarersquosstrong policy framework for bikeability includesadoptionimplementation of the following
Statewide Bicycle Policy ndash Issued in 2000 this policy requires a minimum of a five-foot-wide shoulder for cyclistsas the transportation system expands and encourages the
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 9
To support the Initiative the Delaware General Assemblypassed Senate Concurrent Resolution 13 in June 2011This resolution approved the study of the building and maintaining of non-motorized travel connections withinand between communities cities and towns in Delawareand to link these connections to form uninterrupted networks for walking and bicycling
Advocacy and Advisement
Statewide advocacy is strong thanks to a network of partner organizations that seek to promote healthylifestyles improve opportunities for active transportationand help plan effective safe and well-connected bikewaynetworks Bike Delaware a non-profit advocacy organization has been working to make bicycling a safeconvenient and fun transportation option in DelawareThe Delaware Council on Health Promotion and DiseasePrevention (CHPDP) was established in May 2010 by Governor Jack Markell ldquoto advise the Governor and Executive Branch on the development and coordination ofstrategies policies programs and other actions statewide topromote healthy lifestylesrdquo Other groupsinitiatives working to support active lifestyles include the DelawareCoalition for Healthy Eating and Active Living(DE HEAL) the Get Up and Do Something campaignDelaware Greenways Sussex Outdoors and NemoursHealth amp Prevention Services (NHPS)
It calls for Delaware to strategically invest in walking andbiking connectivitymdashto design build maintain and linknon-motorized transportation networks both within andamong Delaware communities Since 2011 the DelawareGeneral Assembly and the Wilmington Area PlanningCouncil (WILMAPCO) have invested considerable state andfederal funding in statewide pedestrian and bicycle improvements greenways and trails projects
Delaware Trails and Pathways Initiative ndash In 2011Delaware Governor Markell challenged a team of stateagencies to ldquocreate a world-class statewide network of pathways and trails for Delawarersquos citizens and visitors topromote biking hiking walking and active livingrdquo To meet this challenge DelDOT and the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) led and formed a partnership with regional and local organizations and government to create the Delaware Trailsand Pathways Initiative Its goal is to create an intercon-nected network of shared-use trails and pathways that willsupport non-motorized travel and recreation opportunitiesfor Delawareans and visitors The focus is on bicycling andwalking and providing safe and convenient ways to reachlocal work shops schools recreational sites and transit
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware10
work Other bicycling hurdles include perceptions that facilities or conditions are unsafe absence of traffic-calmingmeasures lack of law enforcement and insufficient educa-tion and outreach to promote bicycling as a viable form oftransportation Addressing these barriers to bikeability iscritically important to ldquono-choicerdquo riders ie those whorely on biking as their primary form of transportation orbike as a first- or last-mile connection to transit
Education and Outreach
Delaware has also utilized education and outreach to ramp-up support for safe cycling The Delaware Strategic HighwaySafety Plan is a statewide coordinated safety plan that aimsto eliminate fatalities on Delaware roadways through amulti-agency approach In 2013 DelDOT formed the PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Group Comprising various highway safety stakeholders its goal isto identify evaluate and implement pedestrianbicycle-related safety improvementsthroughout the state and along several corridorsthat exhibit higher-than-average pedestriancrash rates Several municipalities have also appointed bicycle committees to improve cycling facilities and infrastructure to enhancebikeability
Barriers to Bikeability
Despite strong support for cycling in Delawareobstacles still exist Major barriers to bicyclinginclude geographical or access barriers (eghighways railroad tracks terrain) high-stressstreets with high traffic volume and speeds andintersection issues End-of-trip facilities such asplaces to shower and change and secure sheltered parking that protects bikes from theftand poor weather can be a deterrent to cyclistsmdashparticularly those who commute to
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 11
interests The workshop should be publicized at least 4ndash6weeks in advance of the meeting through a mix of printand digital media Notifications can be posted in local gathering spots or destinations such as schools town hallmunicipal building library and recreation or communitycenters Websites of the local government schools andcommunity and civic organizations can provide outreachvia social media or online ldquonewsrdquo Direct personal contactcan be made to target participation from key stakeholdersincluding local government staff members local electedand appointed officials state legislators public safety agencies health- and safety-advocacy groups bicycle andrecreation enthusiasts local school leaders leaders ofneighborhood civic associations citizen organization representatives local business representatives members ofthe media officials from DelDOT and MPOs and otheridentified stakeholders Ideally the targeted group shouldconsist of approximately 20ndash40 people Identifying champions and gaining advocacy can help build supportfor plans policies funding and technical assistance to improve bicycle infrastructure and conditions
review existing Plans Policies and Programs
Local Plans Policies and Programs
Local government comprehensive plans are the foundationfor land-use planning in Delaware The comprehensive plancommunicates a communityrsquos goals and vision for the future provides a blueprint for future land use and provides
STeP 1 The Pre-ASSeSSMenT
Advanced preparation is critical to ensuring the success ofthe low-stress bikeability assessment process and achievingmeaningful outcomes While the assessment process maybe organized by a formal committee or ad hoc group theoverall process should be planned lead and facilitated byan individual (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) that is designated by a local government
Identify and Involve Stakeholders
Public involvement is a fundamental part of the low-stressbikeability assessment process Stakeholders should be identified and involved throughout the process whetherthe assessment is led and facilitated in-house or by a consultant Participants in the assessment processworkshopwill vary depending on the size and composition of the jurisdiction and the outreach effort For example largermunicipalities may already have and wish to involve a bicycle committee that comprises interested stakeholdersworking to improve bicycling conditions Other jurisdictionsmay wish to involve Planning Commission membersandor consider forming an ad hoc committee consisting ofstakeholders andor volunteers who are interestedinvestedin improving the low-stress bikeability of a specific area
In either case additional outreach should be conducted tomake sure participants are diverse and represent community
Planning for complete communities in delaware12
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
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((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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( (
FA
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +-(--(012(0345(-167189((-(37lt2lt=-(0lt7=72gt($amp())+(-+((amp0(+0)amp(1$(2)amp23)$0+4)+((1amp51(amp(1)+4)(+0$(+amp067(1)8+)-(1)amp()9)amp))3)6
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$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
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(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
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((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
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6
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
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rk
$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
899019(=$amp+(107)amp(0amp($(+(8amp(-+-+ampgt()6)-(0amp(amp((0amp((()+-amp+(+(7(lt)amp4(((
((((((((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
$amp
(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
$4gt+8F7-$0+17AB)4-27(6+2(0)(1(1(58(511+()+1()061(-2)+-0(3(0027lt(27()--(4-19(0gtamp20(7001+(74+(2))(C8()-20--19(09(1)162-748((1282()-)+240(gt
64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
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ITIo
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$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
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Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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IT In
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n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
who is an authorized representative of a Delaware local government (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) The three-step process is designed for use by theworkshop facilitator to engage stakeholders
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment ndash provides an advanced preparation process to ensure the success of the low-stress bikeability assessment The process helps identify and engage community members and recommends reviewingplans and planning resources gathering data selecting astudy area and using a series of visual prompts to preparefor the workshop and in-field bikeability assessment
Step 2 The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment ndash preparesworkshop participants using a narrated presentation thatprovides an overview of ldquowhat to look forrdquo during the assessment A Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklistwhich corresponds to the visual prompts and narrated pres-entation is provided for participants to record observationsand bikeability conditions during the in-field bikeability assessment Upon completing the in-field assessment participants immediately reconvene in a facilitated workshop setting for a debriefing and mapping exercise
Step 3 Post-Assessment ndash entails carrying out a processthat involves prioritizing concerns preparing a writtensummary presenting findings to stakeholders and fundingentities gaining support and developing an action planthat considers the need for plans policies design changesfunding support maintenance plansagreements and technical assistance
suggests that ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists will be deterred by traveling long distances to access low-stressroutes cycling on high-speed streets with no bike lanesand gaps in network connectivity
A goal of bicycle-network planning is to improve connec-tivity to key destinations and other transportation modesand provide low-stress routes that attract ldquointerested butconcernedrdquo and ldquono-choicerdquo riders ldquoNo-choicerdquo riders maybe defined as individuals who ride bikes as a primary modeof transportation or ride tofrom a transit location Examplesof ldquono-choicerdquo riders include individuals from non-carhouseholds students migrant or seasonal workers youthand people who are unable to drive (for various reasons)Creating a bike lane alone is not enough to create a low-stress network
Purpose of Tool and Three-Step Process
The purpose of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool is to assist local government officials and community members in assessing the low-stress bikeability of a priorityroadway segment to address the needs of ldquointerested butconcernedrdquo and ldquono-choicerdquo riders The assessment tooland three-step process are designed for use in a facilitatedworkshop setting to engage stakeholdersmdasheither a formalcommittee appointed by a local government or an informalor ad hoc group comprising diverse community representa-tives It is recommended that the workshop be organizedand facilitated by a designated workshop leaderfacilitator
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 3
such as heart disease cancer or diabetesrdquo These diseasescontribute to disability premature death and healthcarecosts Delawarersquos problem is apparent According to a 2014State of Obesity report Delaware has the 17th highestadult obesity rate in the nation Adult obesity in Delawarehas escalated from 171 percent in 2000 to 307 percent in2014 Childhood obesity in Delaware is also a concern ADelaware Survey of Childrenrsquos Health sponsored by
Why BIke
Bicycling Promotes ldquoActivity-Friendlyrdquo
environments
Physical inactivity has increasingly become a product ofAmericarsquos automobile-centricbuilt environments The USDepartment of Health andHuman Servicesrsquo 2008 Physi-cal Activity Guidelines forAmericans recommends thatchildren be physically activefor at least 60 minutes a dayand adults get 30 minutes ofmoderate-intensity aerobicactivity daily five days aweek Yet most Americansdonrsquot meet these recom-mended guidelines and thatlack of activity is posing agreat threat to the health ofour nation
A US Surgeon Generalrsquos report indicates that ldquooneout of every two US adults isliving with a chronic disease
Planning for complete communities in delaware
Adult obesity state-by-state 2014 (RWJF 2015)
4
in a September 2015 Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) research letter Safe cycling is also aconcern in Delaware where there were 15 bicycle-relatedfatalities between 2009 and 2013 Because bicyclists are expected to ride on most roadways itrsquos essential that bicycle facilities safely accommodate and encourage cycling
cycling Benefits Local communities
In addition to public health and active transportation benefits bicycling enhances both the environmental and
Nemours Health and Prevention Services indicates that40 percent of children between the ages 2 and 17 wereoverweight or obese in 2011
According to the US Department of Health amp HumanServices ldquoincreasing peoplersquos physical activity levels willsignificantly reduce their risk of chronic diseases and related risk factorsrdquo The US Surgeon General has proposed a Call to Action for Americans to be healthierby increasing their levels of physical activity Improvingthe built environment to provide opportunities for walking and biking is one way to increase peoplersquos physical activity Bicycling can improve both physicaland mental health by reducing the risk of chronic diseases associated with being overweight and obese lowering blood pressure and relieving depression
Bicycling Fosters Active Transportation
Active transportation is any human-powered mode of transportation Bicycle infrastructure and facilities that arewell designed constructed and maintained can promoteactive transportation Cycling as recreation sport andmeans of transportationmdashparticularly for commutingmdashisgrowing in popularity A survey by People for Bikes foundthat of the 318 million people living in the US almost 104million Americans rode a bicycle at least once in 2014 thatyear 45 million used bicycling as a means of transportationHowever along with the increase in cycling is a rise in cycling-related injuries from 1998 to 2012 as documented
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 5
Bicycling Advances complete Streets and
Transportation equity
Historically transportation planning policy and investmentshave focused on auto-centric roadway improvements Anew transportation policy and planning frameworkmdashldquoComplete Streetsrdquomdashfocuses on moving people instead ofcars Complete Streets emphasizes the need for transporta-tion systems to be designed built and maintained for motorized and non-motorized transportation users of allages and abilities Providing a choice of transportationmodes advances transportation equity where transporta-tion policy achieves fair and equitable investment and
access to a range oftransportation options This approach recognizesthe value of trans-portation-systemdiversity and theneed to prioritizeinvestment to affordable modessuch as bicyclingLow-income andminority commu-nities are morelikely to utilizenon-automotive
economic sustainability of communities As an environment- friendly mode of transportation bicycling can decrease carmode share vehicle miles traveled (VMT) auto emissionsand air pollution In addition studies show that communi-ties with multi-modal transportation systems including cycling experience higher property values higher levels ofretail activity and employment and lower-cost transporta-tion options A Journal of Physical Activity and Healtharticle which reported on the studied costs and benefits ofcycling investments in Portland Ore cites the economicpayoffs of bicycle facilitiesmdashinvestments in cycling providelong-term costs savings in health care fuel and lives saved
cycling Provides ldquoFirst- and Last-
Milerdquo connections to Transit
Transportation planners wrestle with thedilemma of how to address first- and last-mile connections to public transit Researchsuggests most people will only walk a distance of one-quarter mile or five to tenminutes but are capable of cycling up tothree miles Therefore bicycling may be aviable option to bridge gaps in first- andlast-mile connections to transit Most public transportation systems are better accommodating cyclists by providing secure parking and allowing riders to bringbicycles on trains and buses
Planning for complete communities in delaware6
In 2010 USDOT issued a policy statement that articulatesthe need to develop fully integrated active-transportationsystems which include bicycling facilities and networksThe policy encourages transportation agencies to planfund and implement improvements to their walking andbicycling networks including linkages to transit Federalstatutes also that require state transportation agencies andmetropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) integratewalking and bicycling facilities and programs in their transportation plans ldquoto ensure the operability of an intermodal transportation systemrdquo
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) an agencywithin USDOT supports a flexible approach to bicycle andpedestrian facility design It advocates the use of AmericanAssociation of State Highway and Transportation Officialsrsquo(AASHTO) Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilitiesas the primary national resource for planning designingand operating bicycle and pedestrian facilities It also advocates the use of provisions within the federal Manualof Uniform Traffic Control Devices and the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) UrbanBikeway Design Guide to build upon the flexibilities provided in the AASHTO Guide These resources support aframework to plan and design safe and convenient facilitiesfor bicyclist and non-motorized transportation networks
USDOT has also launched a comprehensive and coordinatedapproach to improve pedestrian and bicycle safety Thestrategy promotes design improvements to ensure safe and
modes Therefore a lens toward transportation equity ensures that different socioeconomic minority and ethnicgroups are being equitably represented in transportation decision-making processes Emphasis is placed on develop-ment of a transportation system that is accessible efficientaffordable and offers safe alternatives to car travel including bicycling
Support for Bikeability
National-Level Support
Creating connected transporta-tion networks is one of four overarching policy priorities forthe US Department of Trans-portation (USDOT) Federal legislation and regulations require inclusion of convenientsafe accessible and context-sensitive bicycle and pedestriancomponents into all transporta-tion plans and projects to meetthe needs of people of all agesand abilities Recent federal policy initiatives have increasedan emphasis on bikeable environments or ldquobikeabilityrdquowhich describes the extent to which individuals feel comfortable navigating their community by bike
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 7
and well-maintained cycling network that emphasizesshort-trip distances fosters multi-modal trips andintegrates educational programs
Delaware Policy Framework Support
The State of Delaware has long-recognized the benefits ofdeveloping an integrated multi-modal transportation system to improve the economic and environmental sustainability of communities and quality of life for allDelawareans The state has prioritized the need to plan foran integrated non-motorized pathway and recreationaltrail network for recreational and transportation purposesIn 2015 the League of American Bicyclists named Delawareas the 3rd best Bike Friendly State in the US thanks tostate policies dedicated funding for cycling projects safetycampaigns and strong advocacy
Delaware has worked for more than two decades to improvebikeability in Delaware Consistent with federal transporta-tion investment policies and directives DelDOT has shiftedaway from an auto-centric transportation system to onethat provides safe efficient and multi-modal optionsFormed in 1990 the Delaware Bicycle Council has been instrumental in integrating bicycling into Delawarersquos transportation network Appointed by the Governor itsmembers consist of state agency officials and private citizens who are charged with reviewing and improvingupon bicycling bicycle safety and bicycle-safety educationin Delaware In 1995 a Statewide Facilities Master Plan was
efficient routes for pedestrians and bicycles promote behavioral safety and provide education to help individualsmake safer travel choices The national safety campaign Toward Zero Deaths articulates the goal of ldquoworking toward no fatalities across all modes of travelrdquo
Support for Bike-Friendly Environments inDelaware
According to the League of American Bicyclists a BicycleFriendly Community has essential elements across fivecategories known as the ldquoFive Ersquosrdquo
1Engineering ndash presence of infrastructure that provides an interconnected and well-maintained bicycling network
2Education ndash delivery of a bicycle-safety education program that builds cycling skills provides training andimproves awareness of cyclingmotorist rights and responsibilities
3Encouragement ndash institution of a strong bike culture 4Enforcement ndash adoption and enforcement of laws to
treat bicyclists equitably within the transportation system 5Evaluation and planning ndash creation of an interconnected
Planning for complete communities in delaware8
2015 ranking of Delaware asthe third most Bicycle Friendly State (League of American Bicyclists)
placement of new facilities in transportation-improvementprojects
Delawarersquos Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Program ndashThis program was established in 2002 to allocate state fundingtoward infrastructure projects that directly support increasedsafety and convenience for elementary and middle schoolchildren to bicycle andor walk to and from school
Complete Streets ndash On April 24 2009 Delaware GovernorJack A Markell issued Executive Order No 6 and DelDOTsubsequently adopted a Complete Streets policy in 2010 Acomplete street is a transportation facility that is planneddesigned operated and maintained to provide safe mobilityfor users of all ages and abilities including bicyclists pedestrians transit riders and motorists appropriate to thefunction and context of the facility Complete streets facilitate active transportation
Vulnerable Users Law ndash Delaware became the secondstate to sign this into law in August 2010 The law increasespenalties for drivers convicted of careless driving that results in the injury of a vulnerable user of the statersquos roadsA ldquovulnerable userrdquo includes pedestrians individuals working on the road cyclists skateboarders and anyone onroller skates scooters mopeds motorcycles farm tractorsor those riding animals
Walkable Bikeable Delaware ndash The Delaware GeneralAssembly unanimously passed this initiative in May 2011
approved which recognizes bicycling as an integral part ofthe transportation system and includes bicycles withintransportation planning DelDOT appointed its first bicyclepedestrian coordinator in 2001 to address transportation issues of non-motorized users Delawarersquosstrong policy framework for bikeability includesadoptionimplementation of the following
Statewide Bicycle Policy ndash Issued in 2000 this policy requires a minimum of a five-foot-wide shoulder for cyclistsas the transportation system expands and encourages the
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 9
To support the Initiative the Delaware General Assemblypassed Senate Concurrent Resolution 13 in June 2011This resolution approved the study of the building and maintaining of non-motorized travel connections withinand between communities cities and towns in Delawareand to link these connections to form uninterrupted networks for walking and bicycling
Advocacy and Advisement
Statewide advocacy is strong thanks to a network of partner organizations that seek to promote healthylifestyles improve opportunities for active transportationand help plan effective safe and well-connected bikewaynetworks Bike Delaware a non-profit advocacy organization has been working to make bicycling a safeconvenient and fun transportation option in DelawareThe Delaware Council on Health Promotion and DiseasePrevention (CHPDP) was established in May 2010 by Governor Jack Markell ldquoto advise the Governor and Executive Branch on the development and coordination ofstrategies policies programs and other actions statewide topromote healthy lifestylesrdquo Other groupsinitiatives working to support active lifestyles include the DelawareCoalition for Healthy Eating and Active Living(DE HEAL) the Get Up and Do Something campaignDelaware Greenways Sussex Outdoors and NemoursHealth amp Prevention Services (NHPS)
It calls for Delaware to strategically invest in walking andbiking connectivitymdashto design build maintain and linknon-motorized transportation networks both within andamong Delaware communities Since 2011 the DelawareGeneral Assembly and the Wilmington Area PlanningCouncil (WILMAPCO) have invested considerable state andfederal funding in statewide pedestrian and bicycle improvements greenways and trails projects
Delaware Trails and Pathways Initiative ndash In 2011Delaware Governor Markell challenged a team of stateagencies to ldquocreate a world-class statewide network of pathways and trails for Delawarersquos citizens and visitors topromote biking hiking walking and active livingrdquo To meet this challenge DelDOT and the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) led and formed a partnership with regional and local organizations and government to create the Delaware Trailsand Pathways Initiative Its goal is to create an intercon-nected network of shared-use trails and pathways that willsupport non-motorized travel and recreation opportunitiesfor Delawareans and visitors The focus is on bicycling andwalking and providing safe and convenient ways to reachlocal work shops schools recreational sites and transit
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware10
work Other bicycling hurdles include perceptions that facilities or conditions are unsafe absence of traffic-calmingmeasures lack of law enforcement and insufficient educa-tion and outreach to promote bicycling as a viable form oftransportation Addressing these barriers to bikeability iscritically important to ldquono-choicerdquo riders ie those whorely on biking as their primary form of transportation orbike as a first- or last-mile connection to transit
Education and Outreach
Delaware has also utilized education and outreach to ramp-up support for safe cycling The Delaware Strategic HighwaySafety Plan is a statewide coordinated safety plan that aimsto eliminate fatalities on Delaware roadways through amulti-agency approach In 2013 DelDOT formed the PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Group Comprising various highway safety stakeholders its goal isto identify evaluate and implement pedestrianbicycle-related safety improvementsthroughout the state and along several corridorsthat exhibit higher-than-average pedestriancrash rates Several municipalities have also appointed bicycle committees to improve cycling facilities and infrastructure to enhancebikeability
Barriers to Bikeability
Despite strong support for cycling in Delawareobstacles still exist Major barriers to bicyclinginclude geographical or access barriers (eghighways railroad tracks terrain) high-stressstreets with high traffic volume and speeds andintersection issues End-of-trip facilities such asplaces to shower and change and secure sheltered parking that protects bikes from theftand poor weather can be a deterrent to cyclistsmdashparticularly those who commute to
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 11
interests The workshop should be publicized at least 4ndash6weeks in advance of the meeting through a mix of printand digital media Notifications can be posted in local gathering spots or destinations such as schools town hallmunicipal building library and recreation or communitycenters Websites of the local government schools andcommunity and civic organizations can provide outreachvia social media or online ldquonewsrdquo Direct personal contactcan be made to target participation from key stakeholdersincluding local government staff members local electedand appointed officials state legislators public safety agencies health- and safety-advocacy groups bicycle andrecreation enthusiasts local school leaders leaders ofneighborhood civic associations citizen organization representatives local business representatives members ofthe media officials from DelDOT and MPOs and otheridentified stakeholders Ideally the targeted group shouldconsist of approximately 20ndash40 people Identifying champions and gaining advocacy can help build supportfor plans policies funding and technical assistance to improve bicycle infrastructure and conditions
review existing Plans Policies and Programs
Local Plans Policies and Programs
Local government comprehensive plans are the foundationfor land-use planning in Delaware The comprehensive plancommunicates a communityrsquos goals and vision for the future provides a blueprint for future land use and provides
STeP 1 The Pre-ASSeSSMenT
Advanced preparation is critical to ensuring the success ofthe low-stress bikeability assessment process and achievingmeaningful outcomes While the assessment process maybe organized by a formal committee or ad hoc group theoverall process should be planned lead and facilitated byan individual (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) that is designated by a local government
Identify and Involve Stakeholders
Public involvement is a fundamental part of the low-stressbikeability assessment process Stakeholders should be identified and involved throughout the process whetherthe assessment is led and facilitated in-house or by a consultant Participants in the assessment processworkshopwill vary depending on the size and composition of the jurisdiction and the outreach effort For example largermunicipalities may already have and wish to involve a bicycle committee that comprises interested stakeholdersworking to improve bicycling conditions Other jurisdictionsmay wish to involve Planning Commission membersandor consider forming an ad hoc committee consisting ofstakeholders andor volunteers who are interestedinvestedin improving the low-stress bikeability of a specific area
In either case additional outreach should be conducted tomake sure participants are diverse and represent community
Planning for complete communities in delaware12
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
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((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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( (
FA
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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(
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$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Wo
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$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
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112879860736354032-+( ampamp 1-(0 0
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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4365049063$-1-(amp 12amp3232
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6amp02032332
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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(((((((((((((((
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6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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$
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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(
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( (
0933-2032$-8033
lt
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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477363lt 7 -amp-3$lt$052-amp-$amp(
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
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Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
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$
$amp
(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
$4gt+8F7-$0+17AB)4-27(6+2(0)(1(1(58(511+()+1()061(-2)+-0(3(0027lt(27()--(4-19(0gtamp20(7001+(74+(2))(C8()-20--19(09(1)162-748((1282()-)+240(gt
64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
such as heart disease cancer or diabetesrdquo These diseasescontribute to disability premature death and healthcarecosts Delawarersquos problem is apparent According to a 2014State of Obesity report Delaware has the 17th highestadult obesity rate in the nation Adult obesity in Delawarehas escalated from 171 percent in 2000 to 307 percent in2014 Childhood obesity in Delaware is also a concern ADelaware Survey of Childrenrsquos Health sponsored by
Why BIke
Bicycling Promotes ldquoActivity-Friendlyrdquo
environments
Physical inactivity has increasingly become a product ofAmericarsquos automobile-centricbuilt environments The USDepartment of Health andHuman Servicesrsquo 2008 Physi-cal Activity Guidelines forAmericans recommends thatchildren be physically activefor at least 60 minutes a dayand adults get 30 minutes ofmoderate-intensity aerobicactivity daily five days aweek Yet most Americansdonrsquot meet these recom-mended guidelines and thatlack of activity is posing agreat threat to the health ofour nation
A US Surgeon Generalrsquos report indicates that ldquooneout of every two US adults isliving with a chronic disease
Planning for complete communities in delaware
Adult obesity state-by-state 2014 (RWJF 2015)
4
in a September 2015 Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) research letter Safe cycling is also aconcern in Delaware where there were 15 bicycle-relatedfatalities between 2009 and 2013 Because bicyclists are expected to ride on most roadways itrsquos essential that bicycle facilities safely accommodate and encourage cycling
cycling Benefits Local communities
In addition to public health and active transportation benefits bicycling enhances both the environmental and
Nemours Health and Prevention Services indicates that40 percent of children between the ages 2 and 17 wereoverweight or obese in 2011
According to the US Department of Health amp HumanServices ldquoincreasing peoplersquos physical activity levels willsignificantly reduce their risk of chronic diseases and related risk factorsrdquo The US Surgeon General has proposed a Call to Action for Americans to be healthierby increasing their levels of physical activity Improvingthe built environment to provide opportunities for walking and biking is one way to increase peoplersquos physical activity Bicycling can improve both physicaland mental health by reducing the risk of chronic diseases associated with being overweight and obese lowering blood pressure and relieving depression
Bicycling Fosters Active Transportation
Active transportation is any human-powered mode of transportation Bicycle infrastructure and facilities that arewell designed constructed and maintained can promoteactive transportation Cycling as recreation sport andmeans of transportationmdashparticularly for commutingmdashisgrowing in popularity A survey by People for Bikes foundthat of the 318 million people living in the US almost 104million Americans rode a bicycle at least once in 2014 thatyear 45 million used bicycling as a means of transportationHowever along with the increase in cycling is a rise in cycling-related injuries from 1998 to 2012 as documented
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 5
Bicycling Advances complete Streets and
Transportation equity
Historically transportation planning policy and investmentshave focused on auto-centric roadway improvements Anew transportation policy and planning frameworkmdashldquoComplete Streetsrdquomdashfocuses on moving people instead ofcars Complete Streets emphasizes the need for transporta-tion systems to be designed built and maintained for motorized and non-motorized transportation users of allages and abilities Providing a choice of transportationmodes advances transportation equity where transporta-tion policy achieves fair and equitable investment and
access to a range oftransportation options This approach recognizesthe value of trans-portation-systemdiversity and theneed to prioritizeinvestment to affordable modessuch as bicyclingLow-income andminority commu-nities are morelikely to utilizenon-automotive
economic sustainability of communities As an environment- friendly mode of transportation bicycling can decrease carmode share vehicle miles traveled (VMT) auto emissionsand air pollution In addition studies show that communi-ties with multi-modal transportation systems including cycling experience higher property values higher levels ofretail activity and employment and lower-cost transporta-tion options A Journal of Physical Activity and Healtharticle which reported on the studied costs and benefits ofcycling investments in Portland Ore cites the economicpayoffs of bicycle facilitiesmdashinvestments in cycling providelong-term costs savings in health care fuel and lives saved
cycling Provides ldquoFirst- and Last-
Milerdquo connections to Transit
Transportation planners wrestle with thedilemma of how to address first- and last-mile connections to public transit Researchsuggests most people will only walk a distance of one-quarter mile or five to tenminutes but are capable of cycling up tothree miles Therefore bicycling may be aviable option to bridge gaps in first- andlast-mile connections to transit Most public transportation systems are better accommodating cyclists by providing secure parking and allowing riders to bringbicycles on trains and buses
Planning for complete communities in delaware6
In 2010 USDOT issued a policy statement that articulatesthe need to develop fully integrated active-transportationsystems which include bicycling facilities and networksThe policy encourages transportation agencies to planfund and implement improvements to their walking andbicycling networks including linkages to transit Federalstatutes also that require state transportation agencies andmetropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) integratewalking and bicycling facilities and programs in their transportation plans ldquoto ensure the operability of an intermodal transportation systemrdquo
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) an agencywithin USDOT supports a flexible approach to bicycle andpedestrian facility design It advocates the use of AmericanAssociation of State Highway and Transportation Officialsrsquo(AASHTO) Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilitiesas the primary national resource for planning designingand operating bicycle and pedestrian facilities It also advocates the use of provisions within the federal Manualof Uniform Traffic Control Devices and the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) UrbanBikeway Design Guide to build upon the flexibilities provided in the AASHTO Guide These resources support aframework to plan and design safe and convenient facilitiesfor bicyclist and non-motorized transportation networks
USDOT has also launched a comprehensive and coordinatedapproach to improve pedestrian and bicycle safety Thestrategy promotes design improvements to ensure safe and
modes Therefore a lens toward transportation equity ensures that different socioeconomic minority and ethnicgroups are being equitably represented in transportation decision-making processes Emphasis is placed on develop-ment of a transportation system that is accessible efficientaffordable and offers safe alternatives to car travel including bicycling
Support for Bikeability
National-Level Support
Creating connected transporta-tion networks is one of four overarching policy priorities forthe US Department of Trans-portation (USDOT) Federal legislation and regulations require inclusion of convenientsafe accessible and context-sensitive bicycle and pedestriancomponents into all transporta-tion plans and projects to meetthe needs of people of all agesand abilities Recent federal policy initiatives have increasedan emphasis on bikeable environments or ldquobikeabilityrdquowhich describes the extent to which individuals feel comfortable navigating their community by bike
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 7
and well-maintained cycling network that emphasizesshort-trip distances fosters multi-modal trips andintegrates educational programs
Delaware Policy Framework Support
The State of Delaware has long-recognized the benefits ofdeveloping an integrated multi-modal transportation system to improve the economic and environmental sustainability of communities and quality of life for allDelawareans The state has prioritized the need to plan foran integrated non-motorized pathway and recreationaltrail network for recreational and transportation purposesIn 2015 the League of American Bicyclists named Delawareas the 3rd best Bike Friendly State in the US thanks tostate policies dedicated funding for cycling projects safetycampaigns and strong advocacy
Delaware has worked for more than two decades to improvebikeability in Delaware Consistent with federal transporta-tion investment policies and directives DelDOT has shiftedaway from an auto-centric transportation system to onethat provides safe efficient and multi-modal optionsFormed in 1990 the Delaware Bicycle Council has been instrumental in integrating bicycling into Delawarersquos transportation network Appointed by the Governor itsmembers consist of state agency officials and private citizens who are charged with reviewing and improvingupon bicycling bicycle safety and bicycle-safety educationin Delaware In 1995 a Statewide Facilities Master Plan was
efficient routes for pedestrians and bicycles promote behavioral safety and provide education to help individualsmake safer travel choices The national safety campaign Toward Zero Deaths articulates the goal of ldquoworking toward no fatalities across all modes of travelrdquo
Support for Bike-Friendly Environments inDelaware
According to the League of American Bicyclists a BicycleFriendly Community has essential elements across fivecategories known as the ldquoFive Ersquosrdquo
1Engineering ndash presence of infrastructure that provides an interconnected and well-maintained bicycling network
2Education ndash delivery of a bicycle-safety education program that builds cycling skills provides training andimproves awareness of cyclingmotorist rights and responsibilities
3Encouragement ndash institution of a strong bike culture 4Enforcement ndash adoption and enforcement of laws to
treat bicyclists equitably within the transportation system 5Evaluation and planning ndash creation of an interconnected
Planning for complete communities in delaware8
2015 ranking of Delaware asthe third most Bicycle Friendly State (League of American Bicyclists)
placement of new facilities in transportation-improvementprojects
Delawarersquos Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Program ndashThis program was established in 2002 to allocate state fundingtoward infrastructure projects that directly support increasedsafety and convenience for elementary and middle schoolchildren to bicycle andor walk to and from school
Complete Streets ndash On April 24 2009 Delaware GovernorJack A Markell issued Executive Order No 6 and DelDOTsubsequently adopted a Complete Streets policy in 2010 Acomplete street is a transportation facility that is planneddesigned operated and maintained to provide safe mobilityfor users of all ages and abilities including bicyclists pedestrians transit riders and motorists appropriate to thefunction and context of the facility Complete streets facilitate active transportation
Vulnerable Users Law ndash Delaware became the secondstate to sign this into law in August 2010 The law increasespenalties for drivers convicted of careless driving that results in the injury of a vulnerable user of the statersquos roadsA ldquovulnerable userrdquo includes pedestrians individuals working on the road cyclists skateboarders and anyone onroller skates scooters mopeds motorcycles farm tractorsor those riding animals
Walkable Bikeable Delaware ndash The Delaware GeneralAssembly unanimously passed this initiative in May 2011
approved which recognizes bicycling as an integral part ofthe transportation system and includes bicycles withintransportation planning DelDOT appointed its first bicyclepedestrian coordinator in 2001 to address transportation issues of non-motorized users Delawarersquosstrong policy framework for bikeability includesadoptionimplementation of the following
Statewide Bicycle Policy ndash Issued in 2000 this policy requires a minimum of a five-foot-wide shoulder for cyclistsas the transportation system expands and encourages the
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 9
To support the Initiative the Delaware General Assemblypassed Senate Concurrent Resolution 13 in June 2011This resolution approved the study of the building and maintaining of non-motorized travel connections withinand between communities cities and towns in Delawareand to link these connections to form uninterrupted networks for walking and bicycling
Advocacy and Advisement
Statewide advocacy is strong thanks to a network of partner organizations that seek to promote healthylifestyles improve opportunities for active transportationand help plan effective safe and well-connected bikewaynetworks Bike Delaware a non-profit advocacy organization has been working to make bicycling a safeconvenient and fun transportation option in DelawareThe Delaware Council on Health Promotion and DiseasePrevention (CHPDP) was established in May 2010 by Governor Jack Markell ldquoto advise the Governor and Executive Branch on the development and coordination ofstrategies policies programs and other actions statewide topromote healthy lifestylesrdquo Other groupsinitiatives working to support active lifestyles include the DelawareCoalition for Healthy Eating and Active Living(DE HEAL) the Get Up and Do Something campaignDelaware Greenways Sussex Outdoors and NemoursHealth amp Prevention Services (NHPS)
It calls for Delaware to strategically invest in walking andbiking connectivitymdashto design build maintain and linknon-motorized transportation networks both within andamong Delaware communities Since 2011 the DelawareGeneral Assembly and the Wilmington Area PlanningCouncil (WILMAPCO) have invested considerable state andfederal funding in statewide pedestrian and bicycle improvements greenways and trails projects
Delaware Trails and Pathways Initiative ndash In 2011Delaware Governor Markell challenged a team of stateagencies to ldquocreate a world-class statewide network of pathways and trails for Delawarersquos citizens and visitors topromote biking hiking walking and active livingrdquo To meet this challenge DelDOT and the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) led and formed a partnership with regional and local organizations and government to create the Delaware Trailsand Pathways Initiative Its goal is to create an intercon-nected network of shared-use trails and pathways that willsupport non-motorized travel and recreation opportunitiesfor Delawareans and visitors The focus is on bicycling andwalking and providing safe and convenient ways to reachlocal work shops schools recreational sites and transit
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware10
work Other bicycling hurdles include perceptions that facilities or conditions are unsafe absence of traffic-calmingmeasures lack of law enforcement and insufficient educa-tion and outreach to promote bicycling as a viable form oftransportation Addressing these barriers to bikeability iscritically important to ldquono-choicerdquo riders ie those whorely on biking as their primary form of transportation orbike as a first- or last-mile connection to transit
Education and Outreach
Delaware has also utilized education and outreach to ramp-up support for safe cycling The Delaware Strategic HighwaySafety Plan is a statewide coordinated safety plan that aimsto eliminate fatalities on Delaware roadways through amulti-agency approach In 2013 DelDOT formed the PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Group Comprising various highway safety stakeholders its goal isto identify evaluate and implement pedestrianbicycle-related safety improvementsthroughout the state and along several corridorsthat exhibit higher-than-average pedestriancrash rates Several municipalities have also appointed bicycle committees to improve cycling facilities and infrastructure to enhancebikeability
Barriers to Bikeability
Despite strong support for cycling in Delawareobstacles still exist Major barriers to bicyclinginclude geographical or access barriers (eghighways railroad tracks terrain) high-stressstreets with high traffic volume and speeds andintersection issues End-of-trip facilities such asplaces to shower and change and secure sheltered parking that protects bikes from theftand poor weather can be a deterrent to cyclistsmdashparticularly those who commute to
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 11
interests The workshop should be publicized at least 4ndash6weeks in advance of the meeting through a mix of printand digital media Notifications can be posted in local gathering spots or destinations such as schools town hallmunicipal building library and recreation or communitycenters Websites of the local government schools andcommunity and civic organizations can provide outreachvia social media or online ldquonewsrdquo Direct personal contactcan be made to target participation from key stakeholdersincluding local government staff members local electedand appointed officials state legislators public safety agencies health- and safety-advocacy groups bicycle andrecreation enthusiasts local school leaders leaders ofneighborhood civic associations citizen organization representatives local business representatives members ofthe media officials from DelDOT and MPOs and otheridentified stakeholders Ideally the targeted group shouldconsist of approximately 20ndash40 people Identifying champions and gaining advocacy can help build supportfor plans policies funding and technical assistance to improve bicycle infrastructure and conditions
review existing Plans Policies and Programs
Local Plans Policies and Programs
Local government comprehensive plans are the foundationfor land-use planning in Delaware The comprehensive plancommunicates a communityrsquos goals and vision for the future provides a blueprint for future land use and provides
STeP 1 The Pre-ASSeSSMenT
Advanced preparation is critical to ensuring the success ofthe low-stress bikeability assessment process and achievingmeaningful outcomes While the assessment process maybe organized by a formal committee or ad hoc group theoverall process should be planned lead and facilitated byan individual (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) that is designated by a local government
Identify and Involve Stakeholders
Public involvement is a fundamental part of the low-stressbikeability assessment process Stakeholders should be identified and involved throughout the process whetherthe assessment is led and facilitated in-house or by a consultant Participants in the assessment processworkshopwill vary depending on the size and composition of the jurisdiction and the outreach effort For example largermunicipalities may already have and wish to involve a bicycle committee that comprises interested stakeholdersworking to improve bicycling conditions Other jurisdictionsmay wish to involve Planning Commission membersandor consider forming an ad hoc committee consisting ofstakeholders andor volunteers who are interestedinvestedin improving the low-stress bikeability of a specific area
In either case additional outreach should be conducted tomake sure participants are diverse and represent community
Planning for complete communities in delaware12
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
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Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
in a September 2015 Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) research letter Safe cycling is also aconcern in Delaware where there were 15 bicycle-relatedfatalities between 2009 and 2013 Because bicyclists are expected to ride on most roadways itrsquos essential that bicycle facilities safely accommodate and encourage cycling
cycling Benefits Local communities
In addition to public health and active transportation benefits bicycling enhances both the environmental and
Nemours Health and Prevention Services indicates that40 percent of children between the ages 2 and 17 wereoverweight or obese in 2011
According to the US Department of Health amp HumanServices ldquoincreasing peoplersquos physical activity levels willsignificantly reduce their risk of chronic diseases and related risk factorsrdquo The US Surgeon General has proposed a Call to Action for Americans to be healthierby increasing their levels of physical activity Improvingthe built environment to provide opportunities for walking and biking is one way to increase peoplersquos physical activity Bicycling can improve both physicaland mental health by reducing the risk of chronic diseases associated with being overweight and obese lowering blood pressure and relieving depression
Bicycling Fosters Active Transportation
Active transportation is any human-powered mode of transportation Bicycle infrastructure and facilities that arewell designed constructed and maintained can promoteactive transportation Cycling as recreation sport andmeans of transportationmdashparticularly for commutingmdashisgrowing in popularity A survey by People for Bikes foundthat of the 318 million people living in the US almost 104million Americans rode a bicycle at least once in 2014 thatyear 45 million used bicycling as a means of transportationHowever along with the increase in cycling is a rise in cycling-related injuries from 1998 to 2012 as documented
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 5
Bicycling Advances complete Streets and
Transportation equity
Historically transportation planning policy and investmentshave focused on auto-centric roadway improvements Anew transportation policy and planning frameworkmdashldquoComplete Streetsrdquomdashfocuses on moving people instead ofcars Complete Streets emphasizes the need for transporta-tion systems to be designed built and maintained for motorized and non-motorized transportation users of allages and abilities Providing a choice of transportationmodes advances transportation equity where transporta-tion policy achieves fair and equitable investment and
access to a range oftransportation options This approach recognizesthe value of trans-portation-systemdiversity and theneed to prioritizeinvestment to affordable modessuch as bicyclingLow-income andminority commu-nities are morelikely to utilizenon-automotive
economic sustainability of communities As an environment- friendly mode of transportation bicycling can decrease carmode share vehicle miles traveled (VMT) auto emissionsand air pollution In addition studies show that communi-ties with multi-modal transportation systems including cycling experience higher property values higher levels ofretail activity and employment and lower-cost transporta-tion options A Journal of Physical Activity and Healtharticle which reported on the studied costs and benefits ofcycling investments in Portland Ore cites the economicpayoffs of bicycle facilitiesmdashinvestments in cycling providelong-term costs savings in health care fuel and lives saved
cycling Provides ldquoFirst- and Last-
Milerdquo connections to Transit
Transportation planners wrestle with thedilemma of how to address first- and last-mile connections to public transit Researchsuggests most people will only walk a distance of one-quarter mile or five to tenminutes but are capable of cycling up tothree miles Therefore bicycling may be aviable option to bridge gaps in first- andlast-mile connections to transit Most public transportation systems are better accommodating cyclists by providing secure parking and allowing riders to bringbicycles on trains and buses
Planning for complete communities in delaware6
In 2010 USDOT issued a policy statement that articulatesthe need to develop fully integrated active-transportationsystems which include bicycling facilities and networksThe policy encourages transportation agencies to planfund and implement improvements to their walking andbicycling networks including linkages to transit Federalstatutes also that require state transportation agencies andmetropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) integratewalking and bicycling facilities and programs in their transportation plans ldquoto ensure the operability of an intermodal transportation systemrdquo
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) an agencywithin USDOT supports a flexible approach to bicycle andpedestrian facility design It advocates the use of AmericanAssociation of State Highway and Transportation Officialsrsquo(AASHTO) Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilitiesas the primary national resource for planning designingand operating bicycle and pedestrian facilities It also advocates the use of provisions within the federal Manualof Uniform Traffic Control Devices and the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) UrbanBikeway Design Guide to build upon the flexibilities provided in the AASHTO Guide These resources support aframework to plan and design safe and convenient facilitiesfor bicyclist and non-motorized transportation networks
USDOT has also launched a comprehensive and coordinatedapproach to improve pedestrian and bicycle safety Thestrategy promotes design improvements to ensure safe and
modes Therefore a lens toward transportation equity ensures that different socioeconomic minority and ethnicgroups are being equitably represented in transportation decision-making processes Emphasis is placed on develop-ment of a transportation system that is accessible efficientaffordable and offers safe alternatives to car travel including bicycling
Support for Bikeability
National-Level Support
Creating connected transporta-tion networks is one of four overarching policy priorities forthe US Department of Trans-portation (USDOT) Federal legislation and regulations require inclusion of convenientsafe accessible and context-sensitive bicycle and pedestriancomponents into all transporta-tion plans and projects to meetthe needs of people of all agesand abilities Recent federal policy initiatives have increasedan emphasis on bikeable environments or ldquobikeabilityrdquowhich describes the extent to which individuals feel comfortable navigating their community by bike
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 7
and well-maintained cycling network that emphasizesshort-trip distances fosters multi-modal trips andintegrates educational programs
Delaware Policy Framework Support
The State of Delaware has long-recognized the benefits ofdeveloping an integrated multi-modal transportation system to improve the economic and environmental sustainability of communities and quality of life for allDelawareans The state has prioritized the need to plan foran integrated non-motorized pathway and recreationaltrail network for recreational and transportation purposesIn 2015 the League of American Bicyclists named Delawareas the 3rd best Bike Friendly State in the US thanks tostate policies dedicated funding for cycling projects safetycampaigns and strong advocacy
Delaware has worked for more than two decades to improvebikeability in Delaware Consistent with federal transporta-tion investment policies and directives DelDOT has shiftedaway from an auto-centric transportation system to onethat provides safe efficient and multi-modal optionsFormed in 1990 the Delaware Bicycle Council has been instrumental in integrating bicycling into Delawarersquos transportation network Appointed by the Governor itsmembers consist of state agency officials and private citizens who are charged with reviewing and improvingupon bicycling bicycle safety and bicycle-safety educationin Delaware In 1995 a Statewide Facilities Master Plan was
efficient routes for pedestrians and bicycles promote behavioral safety and provide education to help individualsmake safer travel choices The national safety campaign Toward Zero Deaths articulates the goal of ldquoworking toward no fatalities across all modes of travelrdquo
Support for Bike-Friendly Environments inDelaware
According to the League of American Bicyclists a BicycleFriendly Community has essential elements across fivecategories known as the ldquoFive Ersquosrdquo
1Engineering ndash presence of infrastructure that provides an interconnected and well-maintained bicycling network
2Education ndash delivery of a bicycle-safety education program that builds cycling skills provides training andimproves awareness of cyclingmotorist rights and responsibilities
3Encouragement ndash institution of a strong bike culture 4Enforcement ndash adoption and enforcement of laws to
treat bicyclists equitably within the transportation system 5Evaluation and planning ndash creation of an interconnected
Planning for complete communities in delaware8
2015 ranking of Delaware asthe third most Bicycle Friendly State (League of American Bicyclists)
placement of new facilities in transportation-improvementprojects
Delawarersquos Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Program ndashThis program was established in 2002 to allocate state fundingtoward infrastructure projects that directly support increasedsafety and convenience for elementary and middle schoolchildren to bicycle andor walk to and from school
Complete Streets ndash On April 24 2009 Delaware GovernorJack A Markell issued Executive Order No 6 and DelDOTsubsequently adopted a Complete Streets policy in 2010 Acomplete street is a transportation facility that is planneddesigned operated and maintained to provide safe mobilityfor users of all ages and abilities including bicyclists pedestrians transit riders and motorists appropriate to thefunction and context of the facility Complete streets facilitate active transportation
Vulnerable Users Law ndash Delaware became the secondstate to sign this into law in August 2010 The law increasespenalties for drivers convicted of careless driving that results in the injury of a vulnerable user of the statersquos roadsA ldquovulnerable userrdquo includes pedestrians individuals working on the road cyclists skateboarders and anyone onroller skates scooters mopeds motorcycles farm tractorsor those riding animals
Walkable Bikeable Delaware ndash The Delaware GeneralAssembly unanimously passed this initiative in May 2011
approved which recognizes bicycling as an integral part ofthe transportation system and includes bicycles withintransportation planning DelDOT appointed its first bicyclepedestrian coordinator in 2001 to address transportation issues of non-motorized users Delawarersquosstrong policy framework for bikeability includesadoptionimplementation of the following
Statewide Bicycle Policy ndash Issued in 2000 this policy requires a minimum of a five-foot-wide shoulder for cyclistsas the transportation system expands and encourages the
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 9
To support the Initiative the Delaware General Assemblypassed Senate Concurrent Resolution 13 in June 2011This resolution approved the study of the building and maintaining of non-motorized travel connections withinand between communities cities and towns in Delawareand to link these connections to form uninterrupted networks for walking and bicycling
Advocacy and Advisement
Statewide advocacy is strong thanks to a network of partner organizations that seek to promote healthylifestyles improve opportunities for active transportationand help plan effective safe and well-connected bikewaynetworks Bike Delaware a non-profit advocacy organization has been working to make bicycling a safeconvenient and fun transportation option in DelawareThe Delaware Council on Health Promotion and DiseasePrevention (CHPDP) was established in May 2010 by Governor Jack Markell ldquoto advise the Governor and Executive Branch on the development and coordination ofstrategies policies programs and other actions statewide topromote healthy lifestylesrdquo Other groupsinitiatives working to support active lifestyles include the DelawareCoalition for Healthy Eating and Active Living(DE HEAL) the Get Up and Do Something campaignDelaware Greenways Sussex Outdoors and NemoursHealth amp Prevention Services (NHPS)
It calls for Delaware to strategically invest in walking andbiking connectivitymdashto design build maintain and linknon-motorized transportation networks both within andamong Delaware communities Since 2011 the DelawareGeneral Assembly and the Wilmington Area PlanningCouncil (WILMAPCO) have invested considerable state andfederal funding in statewide pedestrian and bicycle improvements greenways and trails projects
Delaware Trails and Pathways Initiative ndash In 2011Delaware Governor Markell challenged a team of stateagencies to ldquocreate a world-class statewide network of pathways and trails for Delawarersquos citizens and visitors topromote biking hiking walking and active livingrdquo To meet this challenge DelDOT and the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) led and formed a partnership with regional and local organizations and government to create the Delaware Trailsand Pathways Initiative Its goal is to create an intercon-nected network of shared-use trails and pathways that willsupport non-motorized travel and recreation opportunitiesfor Delawareans and visitors The focus is on bicycling andwalking and providing safe and convenient ways to reachlocal work shops schools recreational sites and transit
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware10
work Other bicycling hurdles include perceptions that facilities or conditions are unsafe absence of traffic-calmingmeasures lack of law enforcement and insufficient educa-tion and outreach to promote bicycling as a viable form oftransportation Addressing these barriers to bikeability iscritically important to ldquono-choicerdquo riders ie those whorely on biking as their primary form of transportation orbike as a first- or last-mile connection to transit
Education and Outreach
Delaware has also utilized education and outreach to ramp-up support for safe cycling The Delaware Strategic HighwaySafety Plan is a statewide coordinated safety plan that aimsto eliminate fatalities on Delaware roadways through amulti-agency approach In 2013 DelDOT formed the PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Group Comprising various highway safety stakeholders its goal isto identify evaluate and implement pedestrianbicycle-related safety improvementsthroughout the state and along several corridorsthat exhibit higher-than-average pedestriancrash rates Several municipalities have also appointed bicycle committees to improve cycling facilities and infrastructure to enhancebikeability
Barriers to Bikeability
Despite strong support for cycling in Delawareobstacles still exist Major barriers to bicyclinginclude geographical or access barriers (eghighways railroad tracks terrain) high-stressstreets with high traffic volume and speeds andintersection issues End-of-trip facilities such asplaces to shower and change and secure sheltered parking that protects bikes from theftand poor weather can be a deterrent to cyclistsmdashparticularly those who commute to
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 11
interests The workshop should be publicized at least 4ndash6weeks in advance of the meeting through a mix of printand digital media Notifications can be posted in local gathering spots or destinations such as schools town hallmunicipal building library and recreation or communitycenters Websites of the local government schools andcommunity and civic organizations can provide outreachvia social media or online ldquonewsrdquo Direct personal contactcan be made to target participation from key stakeholdersincluding local government staff members local electedand appointed officials state legislators public safety agencies health- and safety-advocacy groups bicycle andrecreation enthusiasts local school leaders leaders ofneighborhood civic associations citizen organization representatives local business representatives members ofthe media officials from DelDOT and MPOs and otheridentified stakeholders Ideally the targeted group shouldconsist of approximately 20ndash40 people Identifying champions and gaining advocacy can help build supportfor plans policies funding and technical assistance to improve bicycle infrastructure and conditions
review existing Plans Policies and Programs
Local Plans Policies and Programs
Local government comprehensive plans are the foundationfor land-use planning in Delaware The comprehensive plancommunicates a communityrsquos goals and vision for the future provides a blueprint for future land use and provides
STeP 1 The Pre-ASSeSSMenT
Advanced preparation is critical to ensuring the success ofthe low-stress bikeability assessment process and achievingmeaningful outcomes While the assessment process maybe organized by a formal committee or ad hoc group theoverall process should be planned lead and facilitated byan individual (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) that is designated by a local government
Identify and Involve Stakeholders
Public involvement is a fundamental part of the low-stressbikeability assessment process Stakeholders should be identified and involved throughout the process whetherthe assessment is led and facilitated in-house or by a consultant Participants in the assessment processworkshopwill vary depending on the size and composition of the jurisdiction and the outreach effort For example largermunicipalities may already have and wish to involve a bicycle committee that comprises interested stakeholdersworking to improve bicycling conditions Other jurisdictionsmay wish to involve Planning Commission membersandor consider forming an ad hoc committee consisting ofstakeholders andor volunteers who are interestedinvestedin improving the low-stress bikeability of a specific area
In either case additional outreach should be conducted tomake sure participants are diverse and represent community
Planning for complete communities in delaware12
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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+ -0102-34025-67-6-859$$amp$amp())+$-01)12$amp10200$3amp(4$5$(600($-22-60(71amp$7-0$3$$amp$5amp0amp0-(8
8-9)1200($amp160amp018$$0(-$+ampamp0-(-07(amp7$-amp2$405$-$+$$(1$-1)1208
)lt4=907(amp7$0+$$(ampamp2$405$-$amp1amp1)120amp)lt$$lt22-amp4amp(4$)amp5$$07-6amp)8
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-045-AB-amp48-9+amp1$-($-amp40+$1001amp22)ampgt$4-1)1208
C5-05-AB-amp48-9$$0-$--+)01amp2amp0$$6$$(5$01lt2ampamp01amp(41)1208
)-7445-AB-C45lt9)120amp5$2-(amp$+ampamp$-amp46amp)amp(1amp3lt-22-6002amp-lt$8
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
FAc
ILIT
IeS
$$amp$()
+ -)-)0123433-5)637-)-89)9)1229ltlt971-)=32gt24355)$$amp()$)(+$(+-+$(amp$($$amp(0-amp-amp)1(2-3$4$5(amp+-3(6+amp$)()7-6(+63+8)(9$(+4-$1(
( ( (196(7$amp(+(9lt$(6+amp$()(=($$(3$(-(amp+-3$5((0+amp(9$(06(-(amp+4gt+$1($+6)(0+amp(06(09)5($)(gt$()0lt(amp(7$(gt$)5(+amp(0+)(0-$(4$8(06-)$(-(0806))1((
22-A1=4-)A7$(+4$+gt$(9lt$(6+amp$()7-6(9$(9$3$$amp(BC(D($$(3$1(
B37-(A7$)$(+$($+6(37$amp(7$()$$(-(4-6$(-(+0()(4$8(7gt75(7$$()(-ampE)$$(+ltampgt(amp$F(-(7$(9lt$(6+amp$5(7$$(+$(amp$-)(0806))()ampgt(7$(-+5(-(7$(9lt$3+8(7+)(3-E3+8(+0(-amp(1((
((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
cIL
ITIe
S
$amp()+-amp01234-+5$$amp()+$$-(-(+(+0(11(1-12$3$4)-)03-(1-0$)-2$(+1)(amp5$2223$)-2(amp$+6
6334)-(744++782$3$$-amp9-)--+49-$+(+(-amp$0$11$23()$amp($93-6+$-amp3-4(2)(-9)$0-4223$amp--$0-53lt6=(5-gt-)4-)-$+(5(2)(-)--1)(amp-9$lt-3+-(22--(+-$0-012$3$6
8+(744++7+-)$+-9$223-12$3$$$amp3-6A(1()-$$+--0-0(3+(5()5-+-+)5$339-($93-6
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
cIL
ITIe
S
$amp$$
()
+ $)-0)120)345)6705489)0)-079)7-)78489lt2=)gt-487-48)))$amp($)$(+-amp+amp01amp0+(amp(12-3+-+-140amp1amp+()amp-(+3-(5(amp+$41$amp(16
-)Alt2=)B45)C71578(59amp$amp1amp+()1$501-amp$56amp1lt+1+amp5(0(99($414+amp091(+19(lt(-(-amp$56
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
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$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Bicycling Advances complete Streets and
Transportation equity
Historically transportation planning policy and investmentshave focused on auto-centric roadway improvements Anew transportation policy and planning frameworkmdashldquoComplete Streetsrdquomdashfocuses on moving people instead ofcars Complete Streets emphasizes the need for transporta-tion systems to be designed built and maintained for motorized and non-motorized transportation users of allages and abilities Providing a choice of transportationmodes advances transportation equity where transporta-tion policy achieves fair and equitable investment and
access to a range oftransportation options This approach recognizesthe value of trans-portation-systemdiversity and theneed to prioritizeinvestment to affordable modessuch as bicyclingLow-income andminority commu-nities are morelikely to utilizenon-automotive
economic sustainability of communities As an environment- friendly mode of transportation bicycling can decrease carmode share vehicle miles traveled (VMT) auto emissionsand air pollution In addition studies show that communi-ties with multi-modal transportation systems including cycling experience higher property values higher levels ofretail activity and employment and lower-cost transporta-tion options A Journal of Physical Activity and Healtharticle which reported on the studied costs and benefits ofcycling investments in Portland Ore cites the economicpayoffs of bicycle facilitiesmdashinvestments in cycling providelong-term costs savings in health care fuel and lives saved
cycling Provides ldquoFirst- and Last-
Milerdquo connections to Transit
Transportation planners wrestle with thedilemma of how to address first- and last-mile connections to public transit Researchsuggests most people will only walk a distance of one-quarter mile or five to tenminutes but are capable of cycling up tothree miles Therefore bicycling may be aviable option to bridge gaps in first- andlast-mile connections to transit Most public transportation systems are better accommodating cyclists by providing secure parking and allowing riders to bringbicycles on trains and buses
Planning for complete communities in delaware6
In 2010 USDOT issued a policy statement that articulatesthe need to develop fully integrated active-transportationsystems which include bicycling facilities and networksThe policy encourages transportation agencies to planfund and implement improvements to their walking andbicycling networks including linkages to transit Federalstatutes also that require state transportation agencies andmetropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) integratewalking and bicycling facilities and programs in their transportation plans ldquoto ensure the operability of an intermodal transportation systemrdquo
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) an agencywithin USDOT supports a flexible approach to bicycle andpedestrian facility design It advocates the use of AmericanAssociation of State Highway and Transportation Officialsrsquo(AASHTO) Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilitiesas the primary national resource for planning designingand operating bicycle and pedestrian facilities It also advocates the use of provisions within the federal Manualof Uniform Traffic Control Devices and the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) UrbanBikeway Design Guide to build upon the flexibilities provided in the AASHTO Guide These resources support aframework to plan and design safe and convenient facilitiesfor bicyclist and non-motorized transportation networks
USDOT has also launched a comprehensive and coordinatedapproach to improve pedestrian and bicycle safety Thestrategy promotes design improvements to ensure safe and
modes Therefore a lens toward transportation equity ensures that different socioeconomic minority and ethnicgroups are being equitably represented in transportation decision-making processes Emphasis is placed on develop-ment of a transportation system that is accessible efficientaffordable and offers safe alternatives to car travel including bicycling
Support for Bikeability
National-Level Support
Creating connected transporta-tion networks is one of four overarching policy priorities forthe US Department of Trans-portation (USDOT) Federal legislation and regulations require inclusion of convenientsafe accessible and context-sensitive bicycle and pedestriancomponents into all transporta-tion plans and projects to meetthe needs of people of all agesand abilities Recent federal policy initiatives have increasedan emphasis on bikeable environments or ldquobikeabilityrdquowhich describes the extent to which individuals feel comfortable navigating their community by bike
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 7
and well-maintained cycling network that emphasizesshort-trip distances fosters multi-modal trips andintegrates educational programs
Delaware Policy Framework Support
The State of Delaware has long-recognized the benefits ofdeveloping an integrated multi-modal transportation system to improve the economic and environmental sustainability of communities and quality of life for allDelawareans The state has prioritized the need to plan foran integrated non-motorized pathway and recreationaltrail network for recreational and transportation purposesIn 2015 the League of American Bicyclists named Delawareas the 3rd best Bike Friendly State in the US thanks tostate policies dedicated funding for cycling projects safetycampaigns and strong advocacy
Delaware has worked for more than two decades to improvebikeability in Delaware Consistent with federal transporta-tion investment policies and directives DelDOT has shiftedaway from an auto-centric transportation system to onethat provides safe efficient and multi-modal optionsFormed in 1990 the Delaware Bicycle Council has been instrumental in integrating bicycling into Delawarersquos transportation network Appointed by the Governor itsmembers consist of state agency officials and private citizens who are charged with reviewing and improvingupon bicycling bicycle safety and bicycle-safety educationin Delaware In 1995 a Statewide Facilities Master Plan was
efficient routes for pedestrians and bicycles promote behavioral safety and provide education to help individualsmake safer travel choices The national safety campaign Toward Zero Deaths articulates the goal of ldquoworking toward no fatalities across all modes of travelrdquo
Support for Bike-Friendly Environments inDelaware
According to the League of American Bicyclists a BicycleFriendly Community has essential elements across fivecategories known as the ldquoFive Ersquosrdquo
1Engineering ndash presence of infrastructure that provides an interconnected and well-maintained bicycling network
2Education ndash delivery of a bicycle-safety education program that builds cycling skills provides training andimproves awareness of cyclingmotorist rights and responsibilities
3Encouragement ndash institution of a strong bike culture 4Enforcement ndash adoption and enforcement of laws to
treat bicyclists equitably within the transportation system 5Evaluation and planning ndash creation of an interconnected
Planning for complete communities in delaware8
2015 ranking of Delaware asthe third most Bicycle Friendly State (League of American Bicyclists)
placement of new facilities in transportation-improvementprojects
Delawarersquos Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Program ndashThis program was established in 2002 to allocate state fundingtoward infrastructure projects that directly support increasedsafety and convenience for elementary and middle schoolchildren to bicycle andor walk to and from school
Complete Streets ndash On April 24 2009 Delaware GovernorJack A Markell issued Executive Order No 6 and DelDOTsubsequently adopted a Complete Streets policy in 2010 Acomplete street is a transportation facility that is planneddesigned operated and maintained to provide safe mobilityfor users of all ages and abilities including bicyclists pedestrians transit riders and motorists appropriate to thefunction and context of the facility Complete streets facilitate active transportation
Vulnerable Users Law ndash Delaware became the secondstate to sign this into law in August 2010 The law increasespenalties for drivers convicted of careless driving that results in the injury of a vulnerable user of the statersquos roadsA ldquovulnerable userrdquo includes pedestrians individuals working on the road cyclists skateboarders and anyone onroller skates scooters mopeds motorcycles farm tractorsor those riding animals
Walkable Bikeable Delaware ndash The Delaware GeneralAssembly unanimously passed this initiative in May 2011
approved which recognizes bicycling as an integral part ofthe transportation system and includes bicycles withintransportation planning DelDOT appointed its first bicyclepedestrian coordinator in 2001 to address transportation issues of non-motorized users Delawarersquosstrong policy framework for bikeability includesadoptionimplementation of the following
Statewide Bicycle Policy ndash Issued in 2000 this policy requires a minimum of a five-foot-wide shoulder for cyclistsas the transportation system expands and encourages the
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 9
To support the Initiative the Delaware General Assemblypassed Senate Concurrent Resolution 13 in June 2011This resolution approved the study of the building and maintaining of non-motorized travel connections withinand between communities cities and towns in Delawareand to link these connections to form uninterrupted networks for walking and bicycling
Advocacy and Advisement
Statewide advocacy is strong thanks to a network of partner organizations that seek to promote healthylifestyles improve opportunities for active transportationand help plan effective safe and well-connected bikewaynetworks Bike Delaware a non-profit advocacy organization has been working to make bicycling a safeconvenient and fun transportation option in DelawareThe Delaware Council on Health Promotion and DiseasePrevention (CHPDP) was established in May 2010 by Governor Jack Markell ldquoto advise the Governor and Executive Branch on the development and coordination ofstrategies policies programs and other actions statewide topromote healthy lifestylesrdquo Other groupsinitiatives working to support active lifestyles include the DelawareCoalition for Healthy Eating and Active Living(DE HEAL) the Get Up and Do Something campaignDelaware Greenways Sussex Outdoors and NemoursHealth amp Prevention Services (NHPS)
It calls for Delaware to strategically invest in walking andbiking connectivitymdashto design build maintain and linknon-motorized transportation networks both within andamong Delaware communities Since 2011 the DelawareGeneral Assembly and the Wilmington Area PlanningCouncil (WILMAPCO) have invested considerable state andfederal funding in statewide pedestrian and bicycle improvements greenways and trails projects
Delaware Trails and Pathways Initiative ndash In 2011Delaware Governor Markell challenged a team of stateagencies to ldquocreate a world-class statewide network of pathways and trails for Delawarersquos citizens and visitors topromote biking hiking walking and active livingrdquo To meet this challenge DelDOT and the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) led and formed a partnership with regional and local organizations and government to create the Delaware Trailsand Pathways Initiative Its goal is to create an intercon-nected network of shared-use trails and pathways that willsupport non-motorized travel and recreation opportunitiesfor Delawareans and visitors The focus is on bicycling andwalking and providing safe and convenient ways to reachlocal work shops schools recreational sites and transit
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware10
work Other bicycling hurdles include perceptions that facilities or conditions are unsafe absence of traffic-calmingmeasures lack of law enforcement and insufficient educa-tion and outreach to promote bicycling as a viable form oftransportation Addressing these barriers to bikeability iscritically important to ldquono-choicerdquo riders ie those whorely on biking as their primary form of transportation orbike as a first- or last-mile connection to transit
Education and Outreach
Delaware has also utilized education and outreach to ramp-up support for safe cycling The Delaware Strategic HighwaySafety Plan is a statewide coordinated safety plan that aimsto eliminate fatalities on Delaware roadways through amulti-agency approach In 2013 DelDOT formed the PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Group Comprising various highway safety stakeholders its goal isto identify evaluate and implement pedestrianbicycle-related safety improvementsthroughout the state and along several corridorsthat exhibit higher-than-average pedestriancrash rates Several municipalities have also appointed bicycle committees to improve cycling facilities and infrastructure to enhancebikeability
Barriers to Bikeability
Despite strong support for cycling in Delawareobstacles still exist Major barriers to bicyclinginclude geographical or access barriers (eghighways railroad tracks terrain) high-stressstreets with high traffic volume and speeds andintersection issues End-of-trip facilities such asplaces to shower and change and secure sheltered parking that protects bikes from theftand poor weather can be a deterrent to cyclistsmdashparticularly those who commute to
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 11
interests The workshop should be publicized at least 4ndash6weeks in advance of the meeting through a mix of printand digital media Notifications can be posted in local gathering spots or destinations such as schools town hallmunicipal building library and recreation or communitycenters Websites of the local government schools andcommunity and civic organizations can provide outreachvia social media or online ldquonewsrdquo Direct personal contactcan be made to target participation from key stakeholdersincluding local government staff members local electedand appointed officials state legislators public safety agencies health- and safety-advocacy groups bicycle andrecreation enthusiasts local school leaders leaders ofneighborhood civic associations citizen organization representatives local business representatives members ofthe media officials from DelDOT and MPOs and otheridentified stakeholders Ideally the targeted group shouldconsist of approximately 20ndash40 people Identifying champions and gaining advocacy can help build supportfor plans policies funding and technical assistance to improve bicycle infrastructure and conditions
review existing Plans Policies and Programs
Local Plans Policies and Programs
Local government comprehensive plans are the foundationfor land-use planning in Delaware The comprehensive plancommunicates a communityrsquos goals and vision for the future provides a blueprint for future land use and provides
STeP 1 The Pre-ASSeSSMenT
Advanced preparation is critical to ensuring the success ofthe low-stress bikeability assessment process and achievingmeaningful outcomes While the assessment process maybe organized by a formal committee or ad hoc group theoverall process should be planned lead and facilitated byan individual (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) that is designated by a local government
Identify and Involve Stakeholders
Public involvement is a fundamental part of the low-stressbikeability assessment process Stakeholders should be identified and involved throughout the process whetherthe assessment is led and facilitated in-house or by a consultant Participants in the assessment processworkshopwill vary depending on the size and composition of the jurisdiction and the outreach effort For example largermunicipalities may already have and wish to involve a bicycle committee that comprises interested stakeholdersworking to improve bicycling conditions Other jurisdictionsmay wish to involve Planning Commission membersandor consider forming an ad hoc committee consisting ofstakeholders andor volunteers who are interestedinvestedin improving the low-stress bikeability of a specific area
In either case additional outreach should be conducted tomake sure participants are diverse and represent community
Planning for complete communities in delaware12
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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)-7445-AB-C45lt9)120amp5$2-(amp$+ampamp$-amp46amp)amp(1amp3lt-22-6002amp-lt$8
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
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((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Alt2=)B45)C71578(5amp$5++-140amp+)1amp$$++amp04+6=0amp)2-lt(lt1gt1(+19$1amp$1lt-($-11$5amp(56
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-)Alt2=)17-487Damp$5+amp0(99($41amp$$++211$1+14(0(B+11-1+4$(1+194)4((E211419-ltamp)91amp(B940+(amp(1+6
Alt2=)17-4871+1gtamp$+gt1gt9F42+4$-amp++amp4amp+2+-1gt+2+$-11+2(amp(+2$14()$+2amp0amp+(+1gt+6G-)ampampgtgt1amp$-amplt-(1amp(5H(6621+amp(+2Bamp++211-(gt0(+I6
Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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S
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+ -)012034)30546)72)12)0)14851-2)5905)1)lt4=425)gt059-739)9006)gt-)8A81656B)$ampamp(ampamp)+amp-$0$1$$-2)amp$amp34$)amp0ampamp-$0amp+$1$5)6$)amp00$amp)2-7$amp$+6389amp)$)amp()$2$0amp+$1$9)077$amp90$+0222$-2)amp$9)$)0$(23
0234-7630546lt$amp=)909gt+0)0$1amp9)$)0-2)amp$$(2381)amp6amp)$amp-$)amp$7$amp$+6amp+2$)07)0)90$amp09)0+)amp3
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D465lt)2)$)amp=)90+71097$amp29amp$$7)22-amp$1$-2)amp$9amp0$1($ampamp(9)077$amp$223
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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(D643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(120+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(02)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(23()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
(D643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2(2)($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp(amp$96((
(EA-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(+0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
( (
)
+ -)--)0-1234)5-67-1)6)869)60-1-9)655-lt)lt9lt21)165-9)=-+3+gt)lt71gt)622431gt)640A)A-)17lt7-1BC)$amp()+)(amp-(+0amp1amp)amp(+(01+(2(32amp1(021amp0)(amp(amp432)+)()2($amp()+)(+00amp5)(+(5$056(
( ( (643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(0+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(2)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(3()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
G--)E6F243)D-12347(gt2=amp5(42(3+0()(3+-5(0+(+5()(amp-(1+6(amp(amp11(+112(5amp=()2(23()amp(522(amp1(amp=amp(0901amp)(3+0()2()+9(01+(2()(5+2$(amp43+0)(A26((
G-1)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(31+05()()+amp0(+5(amp-(1+6(amp(1amp4amp)(0+(522(24(amp(235(2)2()(amp-(1+(+5(32)0)(0901amp)(24(42=amp(0+6(
( (643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2()($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp($96((
$8HAH-9)E6lt-0)-67-17(D24(5amp(+)$(2$15((3)($)(31+05(2$)amp5(2()(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp6(E10)2(+5($43(0+(+1)(5amp=()2()+9(2$)(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(+(12(+(+(amp0901()amp(amp11(2)(amp)(2(2()(+)$(+5($1)(amp(+(+00amp5)6((
( (A-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
G--)7)D-12347(E2$55(0$()+)(+112(+(+5()1(amp43+0)(amp)(0$6(8901amp)(02$15(+12(+amp19(42=($3()(0$()2(+=2amp5(amp))amp(2)(20)(amp()(amp-(1+6((
( (
FA
cIL
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
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computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
In 2010 USDOT issued a policy statement that articulatesthe need to develop fully integrated active-transportationsystems which include bicycling facilities and networksThe policy encourages transportation agencies to planfund and implement improvements to their walking andbicycling networks including linkages to transit Federalstatutes also that require state transportation agencies andmetropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) integratewalking and bicycling facilities and programs in their transportation plans ldquoto ensure the operability of an intermodal transportation systemrdquo
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) an agencywithin USDOT supports a flexible approach to bicycle andpedestrian facility design It advocates the use of AmericanAssociation of State Highway and Transportation Officialsrsquo(AASHTO) Guide for the Development of Bicycle Facilitiesas the primary national resource for planning designingand operating bicycle and pedestrian facilities It also advocates the use of provisions within the federal Manualof Uniform Traffic Control Devices and the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO) UrbanBikeway Design Guide to build upon the flexibilities provided in the AASHTO Guide These resources support aframework to plan and design safe and convenient facilitiesfor bicyclist and non-motorized transportation networks
USDOT has also launched a comprehensive and coordinatedapproach to improve pedestrian and bicycle safety Thestrategy promotes design improvements to ensure safe and
modes Therefore a lens toward transportation equity ensures that different socioeconomic minority and ethnicgroups are being equitably represented in transportation decision-making processes Emphasis is placed on develop-ment of a transportation system that is accessible efficientaffordable and offers safe alternatives to car travel including bicycling
Support for Bikeability
National-Level Support
Creating connected transporta-tion networks is one of four overarching policy priorities forthe US Department of Trans-portation (USDOT) Federal legislation and regulations require inclusion of convenientsafe accessible and context-sensitive bicycle and pedestriancomponents into all transporta-tion plans and projects to meetthe needs of people of all agesand abilities Recent federal policy initiatives have increasedan emphasis on bikeable environments or ldquobikeabilityrdquowhich describes the extent to which individuals feel comfortable navigating their community by bike
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 7
and well-maintained cycling network that emphasizesshort-trip distances fosters multi-modal trips andintegrates educational programs
Delaware Policy Framework Support
The State of Delaware has long-recognized the benefits ofdeveloping an integrated multi-modal transportation system to improve the economic and environmental sustainability of communities and quality of life for allDelawareans The state has prioritized the need to plan foran integrated non-motorized pathway and recreationaltrail network for recreational and transportation purposesIn 2015 the League of American Bicyclists named Delawareas the 3rd best Bike Friendly State in the US thanks tostate policies dedicated funding for cycling projects safetycampaigns and strong advocacy
Delaware has worked for more than two decades to improvebikeability in Delaware Consistent with federal transporta-tion investment policies and directives DelDOT has shiftedaway from an auto-centric transportation system to onethat provides safe efficient and multi-modal optionsFormed in 1990 the Delaware Bicycle Council has been instrumental in integrating bicycling into Delawarersquos transportation network Appointed by the Governor itsmembers consist of state agency officials and private citizens who are charged with reviewing and improvingupon bicycling bicycle safety and bicycle-safety educationin Delaware In 1995 a Statewide Facilities Master Plan was
efficient routes for pedestrians and bicycles promote behavioral safety and provide education to help individualsmake safer travel choices The national safety campaign Toward Zero Deaths articulates the goal of ldquoworking toward no fatalities across all modes of travelrdquo
Support for Bike-Friendly Environments inDelaware
According to the League of American Bicyclists a BicycleFriendly Community has essential elements across fivecategories known as the ldquoFive Ersquosrdquo
1Engineering ndash presence of infrastructure that provides an interconnected and well-maintained bicycling network
2Education ndash delivery of a bicycle-safety education program that builds cycling skills provides training andimproves awareness of cyclingmotorist rights and responsibilities
3Encouragement ndash institution of a strong bike culture 4Enforcement ndash adoption and enforcement of laws to
treat bicyclists equitably within the transportation system 5Evaluation and planning ndash creation of an interconnected
Planning for complete communities in delaware8
2015 ranking of Delaware asthe third most Bicycle Friendly State (League of American Bicyclists)
placement of new facilities in transportation-improvementprojects
Delawarersquos Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Program ndashThis program was established in 2002 to allocate state fundingtoward infrastructure projects that directly support increasedsafety and convenience for elementary and middle schoolchildren to bicycle andor walk to and from school
Complete Streets ndash On April 24 2009 Delaware GovernorJack A Markell issued Executive Order No 6 and DelDOTsubsequently adopted a Complete Streets policy in 2010 Acomplete street is a transportation facility that is planneddesigned operated and maintained to provide safe mobilityfor users of all ages and abilities including bicyclists pedestrians transit riders and motorists appropriate to thefunction and context of the facility Complete streets facilitate active transportation
Vulnerable Users Law ndash Delaware became the secondstate to sign this into law in August 2010 The law increasespenalties for drivers convicted of careless driving that results in the injury of a vulnerable user of the statersquos roadsA ldquovulnerable userrdquo includes pedestrians individuals working on the road cyclists skateboarders and anyone onroller skates scooters mopeds motorcycles farm tractorsor those riding animals
Walkable Bikeable Delaware ndash The Delaware GeneralAssembly unanimously passed this initiative in May 2011
approved which recognizes bicycling as an integral part ofthe transportation system and includes bicycles withintransportation planning DelDOT appointed its first bicyclepedestrian coordinator in 2001 to address transportation issues of non-motorized users Delawarersquosstrong policy framework for bikeability includesadoptionimplementation of the following
Statewide Bicycle Policy ndash Issued in 2000 this policy requires a minimum of a five-foot-wide shoulder for cyclistsas the transportation system expands and encourages the
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 9
To support the Initiative the Delaware General Assemblypassed Senate Concurrent Resolution 13 in June 2011This resolution approved the study of the building and maintaining of non-motorized travel connections withinand between communities cities and towns in Delawareand to link these connections to form uninterrupted networks for walking and bicycling
Advocacy and Advisement
Statewide advocacy is strong thanks to a network of partner organizations that seek to promote healthylifestyles improve opportunities for active transportationand help plan effective safe and well-connected bikewaynetworks Bike Delaware a non-profit advocacy organization has been working to make bicycling a safeconvenient and fun transportation option in DelawareThe Delaware Council on Health Promotion and DiseasePrevention (CHPDP) was established in May 2010 by Governor Jack Markell ldquoto advise the Governor and Executive Branch on the development and coordination ofstrategies policies programs and other actions statewide topromote healthy lifestylesrdquo Other groupsinitiatives working to support active lifestyles include the DelawareCoalition for Healthy Eating and Active Living(DE HEAL) the Get Up and Do Something campaignDelaware Greenways Sussex Outdoors and NemoursHealth amp Prevention Services (NHPS)
It calls for Delaware to strategically invest in walking andbiking connectivitymdashto design build maintain and linknon-motorized transportation networks both within andamong Delaware communities Since 2011 the DelawareGeneral Assembly and the Wilmington Area PlanningCouncil (WILMAPCO) have invested considerable state andfederal funding in statewide pedestrian and bicycle improvements greenways and trails projects
Delaware Trails and Pathways Initiative ndash In 2011Delaware Governor Markell challenged a team of stateagencies to ldquocreate a world-class statewide network of pathways and trails for Delawarersquos citizens and visitors topromote biking hiking walking and active livingrdquo To meet this challenge DelDOT and the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) led and formed a partnership with regional and local organizations and government to create the Delaware Trailsand Pathways Initiative Its goal is to create an intercon-nected network of shared-use trails and pathways that willsupport non-motorized travel and recreation opportunitiesfor Delawareans and visitors The focus is on bicycling andwalking and providing safe and convenient ways to reachlocal work shops schools recreational sites and transit
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware10
work Other bicycling hurdles include perceptions that facilities or conditions are unsafe absence of traffic-calmingmeasures lack of law enforcement and insufficient educa-tion and outreach to promote bicycling as a viable form oftransportation Addressing these barriers to bikeability iscritically important to ldquono-choicerdquo riders ie those whorely on biking as their primary form of transportation orbike as a first- or last-mile connection to transit
Education and Outreach
Delaware has also utilized education and outreach to ramp-up support for safe cycling The Delaware Strategic HighwaySafety Plan is a statewide coordinated safety plan that aimsto eliminate fatalities on Delaware roadways through amulti-agency approach In 2013 DelDOT formed the PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Group Comprising various highway safety stakeholders its goal isto identify evaluate and implement pedestrianbicycle-related safety improvementsthroughout the state and along several corridorsthat exhibit higher-than-average pedestriancrash rates Several municipalities have also appointed bicycle committees to improve cycling facilities and infrastructure to enhancebikeability
Barriers to Bikeability
Despite strong support for cycling in Delawareobstacles still exist Major barriers to bicyclinginclude geographical or access barriers (eghighways railroad tracks terrain) high-stressstreets with high traffic volume and speeds andintersection issues End-of-trip facilities such asplaces to shower and change and secure sheltered parking that protects bikes from theftand poor weather can be a deterrent to cyclistsmdashparticularly those who commute to
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 11
interests The workshop should be publicized at least 4ndash6weeks in advance of the meeting through a mix of printand digital media Notifications can be posted in local gathering spots or destinations such as schools town hallmunicipal building library and recreation or communitycenters Websites of the local government schools andcommunity and civic organizations can provide outreachvia social media or online ldquonewsrdquo Direct personal contactcan be made to target participation from key stakeholdersincluding local government staff members local electedand appointed officials state legislators public safety agencies health- and safety-advocacy groups bicycle andrecreation enthusiasts local school leaders leaders ofneighborhood civic associations citizen organization representatives local business representatives members ofthe media officials from DelDOT and MPOs and otheridentified stakeholders Ideally the targeted group shouldconsist of approximately 20ndash40 people Identifying champions and gaining advocacy can help build supportfor plans policies funding and technical assistance to improve bicycle infrastructure and conditions
review existing Plans Policies and Programs
Local Plans Policies and Programs
Local government comprehensive plans are the foundationfor land-use planning in Delaware The comprehensive plancommunicates a communityrsquos goals and vision for the future provides a blueprint for future land use and provides
STeP 1 The Pre-ASSeSSMenT
Advanced preparation is critical to ensuring the success ofthe low-stress bikeability assessment process and achievingmeaningful outcomes While the assessment process maybe organized by a formal committee or ad hoc group theoverall process should be planned lead and facilitated byan individual (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) that is designated by a local government
Identify and Involve Stakeholders
Public involvement is a fundamental part of the low-stressbikeability assessment process Stakeholders should be identified and involved throughout the process whetherthe assessment is led and facilitated in-house or by a consultant Participants in the assessment processworkshopwill vary depending on the size and composition of the jurisdiction and the outreach effort For example largermunicipalities may already have and wish to involve a bicycle committee that comprises interested stakeholdersworking to improve bicycling conditions Other jurisdictionsmay wish to involve Planning Commission membersandor consider forming an ad hoc committee consisting ofstakeholders andor volunteers who are interestedinvestedin improving the low-stress bikeability of a specific area
In either case additional outreach should be conducted tomake sure participants are diverse and represent community
Planning for complete communities in delaware12
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
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((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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G--)7)D-12347(E2$55(0$()+)(+112(+(+5()1(amp43+0)(amp)(0$6(8901amp)(02$15(+12(+amp19(42=($3()(0$()2(+=2amp5(amp))amp(2)(20)(amp()(amp-(1+6((
( (
FA
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Wo
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$amp
(
) +-(--(012(0345(-167189((-(37lt2lt=-(0lt7=72gt($amp())+(-+((amp0(+0)amp(1$(2)amp23)$0+4)+((1amp51(amp(1)+4)(+0$(+amp067(1)8+)-(1)amp()9)amp))3)6
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$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
) 210-+ampamp$ (amp)
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
112879860736354032-+( ampamp 1-(0 0
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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4365049063$-1-(amp 12amp3232
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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2$$5(432amp30
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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( (
6amp02032332
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( (
$
amp
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
736354+amp3 32
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
47 7 03293$-8ampamp$22-$-(-80(232
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
0933-2032$-8033
lt
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
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477363lt 7 -amp-3$lt$052-amp-$amp(
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( (
ampamp02+32(3ampamp326$-8$-1amp$20ampampamp
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
899019(=$amp+(107)amp(0amp($(+(8amp(-+-+ampgt()6)-(0amp(amp((0amp((()+-amp+(+(7(lt)amp4(((
((((((((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
$amp
(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
$4gt+8F7-$0+17AB)4-27(6+2(0)(1(1(58(511+()+1()061(-2)+-0(3(0027lt(27()--(4-19(0gtamp20(7001+(74+(2))(C8()-20--19(09(1)162-748((1282()-)+240(gt
64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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IT In
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n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
and well-maintained cycling network that emphasizesshort-trip distances fosters multi-modal trips andintegrates educational programs
Delaware Policy Framework Support
The State of Delaware has long-recognized the benefits ofdeveloping an integrated multi-modal transportation system to improve the economic and environmental sustainability of communities and quality of life for allDelawareans The state has prioritized the need to plan foran integrated non-motorized pathway and recreationaltrail network for recreational and transportation purposesIn 2015 the League of American Bicyclists named Delawareas the 3rd best Bike Friendly State in the US thanks tostate policies dedicated funding for cycling projects safetycampaigns and strong advocacy
Delaware has worked for more than two decades to improvebikeability in Delaware Consistent with federal transporta-tion investment policies and directives DelDOT has shiftedaway from an auto-centric transportation system to onethat provides safe efficient and multi-modal optionsFormed in 1990 the Delaware Bicycle Council has been instrumental in integrating bicycling into Delawarersquos transportation network Appointed by the Governor itsmembers consist of state agency officials and private citizens who are charged with reviewing and improvingupon bicycling bicycle safety and bicycle-safety educationin Delaware In 1995 a Statewide Facilities Master Plan was
efficient routes for pedestrians and bicycles promote behavioral safety and provide education to help individualsmake safer travel choices The national safety campaign Toward Zero Deaths articulates the goal of ldquoworking toward no fatalities across all modes of travelrdquo
Support for Bike-Friendly Environments inDelaware
According to the League of American Bicyclists a BicycleFriendly Community has essential elements across fivecategories known as the ldquoFive Ersquosrdquo
1Engineering ndash presence of infrastructure that provides an interconnected and well-maintained bicycling network
2Education ndash delivery of a bicycle-safety education program that builds cycling skills provides training andimproves awareness of cyclingmotorist rights and responsibilities
3Encouragement ndash institution of a strong bike culture 4Enforcement ndash adoption and enforcement of laws to
treat bicyclists equitably within the transportation system 5Evaluation and planning ndash creation of an interconnected
Planning for complete communities in delaware8
2015 ranking of Delaware asthe third most Bicycle Friendly State (League of American Bicyclists)
placement of new facilities in transportation-improvementprojects
Delawarersquos Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Program ndashThis program was established in 2002 to allocate state fundingtoward infrastructure projects that directly support increasedsafety and convenience for elementary and middle schoolchildren to bicycle andor walk to and from school
Complete Streets ndash On April 24 2009 Delaware GovernorJack A Markell issued Executive Order No 6 and DelDOTsubsequently adopted a Complete Streets policy in 2010 Acomplete street is a transportation facility that is planneddesigned operated and maintained to provide safe mobilityfor users of all ages and abilities including bicyclists pedestrians transit riders and motorists appropriate to thefunction and context of the facility Complete streets facilitate active transportation
Vulnerable Users Law ndash Delaware became the secondstate to sign this into law in August 2010 The law increasespenalties for drivers convicted of careless driving that results in the injury of a vulnerable user of the statersquos roadsA ldquovulnerable userrdquo includes pedestrians individuals working on the road cyclists skateboarders and anyone onroller skates scooters mopeds motorcycles farm tractorsor those riding animals
Walkable Bikeable Delaware ndash The Delaware GeneralAssembly unanimously passed this initiative in May 2011
approved which recognizes bicycling as an integral part ofthe transportation system and includes bicycles withintransportation planning DelDOT appointed its first bicyclepedestrian coordinator in 2001 to address transportation issues of non-motorized users Delawarersquosstrong policy framework for bikeability includesadoptionimplementation of the following
Statewide Bicycle Policy ndash Issued in 2000 this policy requires a minimum of a five-foot-wide shoulder for cyclistsas the transportation system expands and encourages the
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 9
To support the Initiative the Delaware General Assemblypassed Senate Concurrent Resolution 13 in June 2011This resolution approved the study of the building and maintaining of non-motorized travel connections withinand between communities cities and towns in Delawareand to link these connections to form uninterrupted networks for walking and bicycling
Advocacy and Advisement
Statewide advocacy is strong thanks to a network of partner organizations that seek to promote healthylifestyles improve opportunities for active transportationand help plan effective safe and well-connected bikewaynetworks Bike Delaware a non-profit advocacy organization has been working to make bicycling a safeconvenient and fun transportation option in DelawareThe Delaware Council on Health Promotion and DiseasePrevention (CHPDP) was established in May 2010 by Governor Jack Markell ldquoto advise the Governor and Executive Branch on the development and coordination ofstrategies policies programs and other actions statewide topromote healthy lifestylesrdquo Other groupsinitiatives working to support active lifestyles include the DelawareCoalition for Healthy Eating and Active Living(DE HEAL) the Get Up and Do Something campaignDelaware Greenways Sussex Outdoors and NemoursHealth amp Prevention Services (NHPS)
It calls for Delaware to strategically invest in walking andbiking connectivitymdashto design build maintain and linknon-motorized transportation networks both within andamong Delaware communities Since 2011 the DelawareGeneral Assembly and the Wilmington Area PlanningCouncil (WILMAPCO) have invested considerable state andfederal funding in statewide pedestrian and bicycle improvements greenways and trails projects
Delaware Trails and Pathways Initiative ndash In 2011Delaware Governor Markell challenged a team of stateagencies to ldquocreate a world-class statewide network of pathways and trails for Delawarersquos citizens and visitors topromote biking hiking walking and active livingrdquo To meet this challenge DelDOT and the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) led and formed a partnership with regional and local organizations and government to create the Delaware Trailsand Pathways Initiative Its goal is to create an intercon-nected network of shared-use trails and pathways that willsupport non-motorized travel and recreation opportunitiesfor Delawareans and visitors The focus is on bicycling andwalking and providing safe and convenient ways to reachlocal work shops schools recreational sites and transit
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware10
work Other bicycling hurdles include perceptions that facilities or conditions are unsafe absence of traffic-calmingmeasures lack of law enforcement and insufficient educa-tion and outreach to promote bicycling as a viable form oftransportation Addressing these barriers to bikeability iscritically important to ldquono-choicerdquo riders ie those whorely on biking as their primary form of transportation orbike as a first- or last-mile connection to transit
Education and Outreach
Delaware has also utilized education and outreach to ramp-up support for safe cycling The Delaware Strategic HighwaySafety Plan is a statewide coordinated safety plan that aimsto eliminate fatalities on Delaware roadways through amulti-agency approach In 2013 DelDOT formed the PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Group Comprising various highway safety stakeholders its goal isto identify evaluate and implement pedestrianbicycle-related safety improvementsthroughout the state and along several corridorsthat exhibit higher-than-average pedestriancrash rates Several municipalities have also appointed bicycle committees to improve cycling facilities and infrastructure to enhancebikeability
Barriers to Bikeability
Despite strong support for cycling in Delawareobstacles still exist Major barriers to bicyclinginclude geographical or access barriers (eghighways railroad tracks terrain) high-stressstreets with high traffic volume and speeds andintersection issues End-of-trip facilities such asplaces to shower and change and secure sheltered parking that protects bikes from theftand poor weather can be a deterrent to cyclistsmdashparticularly those who commute to
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 11
interests The workshop should be publicized at least 4ndash6weeks in advance of the meeting through a mix of printand digital media Notifications can be posted in local gathering spots or destinations such as schools town hallmunicipal building library and recreation or communitycenters Websites of the local government schools andcommunity and civic organizations can provide outreachvia social media or online ldquonewsrdquo Direct personal contactcan be made to target participation from key stakeholdersincluding local government staff members local electedand appointed officials state legislators public safety agencies health- and safety-advocacy groups bicycle andrecreation enthusiasts local school leaders leaders ofneighborhood civic associations citizen organization representatives local business representatives members ofthe media officials from DelDOT and MPOs and otheridentified stakeholders Ideally the targeted group shouldconsist of approximately 20ndash40 people Identifying champions and gaining advocacy can help build supportfor plans policies funding and technical assistance to improve bicycle infrastructure and conditions
review existing Plans Policies and Programs
Local Plans Policies and Programs
Local government comprehensive plans are the foundationfor land-use planning in Delaware The comprehensive plancommunicates a communityrsquos goals and vision for the future provides a blueprint for future land use and provides
STeP 1 The Pre-ASSeSSMenT
Advanced preparation is critical to ensuring the success ofthe low-stress bikeability assessment process and achievingmeaningful outcomes While the assessment process maybe organized by a formal committee or ad hoc group theoverall process should be planned lead and facilitated byan individual (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) that is designated by a local government
Identify and Involve Stakeholders
Public involvement is a fundamental part of the low-stressbikeability assessment process Stakeholders should be identified and involved throughout the process whetherthe assessment is led and facilitated in-house or by a consultant Participants in the assessment processworkshopwill vary depending on the size and composition of the jurisdiction and the outreach effort For example largermunicipalities may already have and wish to involve a bicycle committee that comprises interested stakeholdersworking to improve bicycling conditions Other jurisdictionsmay wish to involve Planning Commission membersandor consider forming an ad hoc committee consisting ofstakeholders andor volunteers who are interestedinvestedin improving the low-stress bikeability of a specific area
In either case additional outreach should be conducted tomake sure participants are diverse and represent community
Planning for complete communities in delaware12
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
FAc
ILIT
IeS
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
2015 ranking of Delaware asthe third most Bicycle Friendly State (League of American Bicyclists)
placement of new facilities in transportation-improvementprojects
Delawarersquos Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Program ndashThis program was established in 2002 to allocate state fundingtoward infrastructure projects that directly support increasedsafety and convenience for elementary and middle schoolchildren to bicycle andor walk to and from school
Complete Streets ndash On April 24 2009 Delaware GovernorJack A Markell issued Executive Order No 6 and DelDOTsubsequently adopted a Complete Streets policy in 2010 Acomplete street is a transportation facility that is planneddesigned operated and maintained to provide safe mobilityfor users of all ages and abilities including bicyclists pedestrians transit riders and motorists appropriate to thefunction and context of the facility Complete streets facilitate active transportation
Vulnerable Users Law ndash Delaware became the secondstate to sign this into law in August 2010 The law increasespenalties for drivers convicted of careless driving that results in the injury of a vulnerable user of the statersquos roadsA ldquovulnerable userrdquo includes pedestrians individuals working on the road cyclists skateboarders and anyone onroller skates scooters mopeds motorcycles farm tractorsor those riding animals
Walkable Bikeable Delaware ndash The Delaware GeneralAssembly unanimously passed this initiative in May 2011
approved which recognizes bicycling as an integral part ofthe transportation system and includes bicycles withintransportation planning DelDOT appointed its first bicyclepedestrian coordinator in 2001 to address transportation issues of non-motorized users Delawarersquosstrong policy framework for bikeability includesadoptionimplementation of the following
Statewide Bicycle Policy ndash Issued in 2000 this policy requires a minimum of a five-foot-wide shoulder for cyclistsas the transportation system expands and encourages the
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 9
To support the Initiative the Delaware General Assemblypassed Senate Concurrent Resolution 13 in June 2011This resolution approved the study of the building and maintaining of non-motorized travel connections withinand between communities cities and towns in Delawareand to link these connections to form uninterrupted networks for walking and bicycling
Advocacy and Advisement
Statewide advocacy is strong thanks to a network of partner organizations that seek to promote healthylifestyles improve opportunities for active transportationand help plan effective safe and well-connected bikewaynetworks Bike Delaware a non-profit advocacy organization has been working to make bicycling a safeconvenient and fun transportation option in DelawareThe Delaware Council on Health Promotion and DiseasePrevention (CHPDP) was established in May 2010 by Governor Jack Markell ldquoto advise the Governor and Executive Branch on the development and coordination ofstrategies policies programs and other actions statewide topromote healthy lifestylesrdquo Other groupsinitiatives working to support active lifestyles include the DelawareCoalition for Healthy Eating and Active Living(DE HEAL) the Get Up and Do Something campaignDelaware Greenways Sussex Outdoors and NemoursHealth amp Prevention Services (NHPS)
It calls for Delaware to strategically invest in walking andbiking connectivitymdashto design build maintain and linknon-motorized transportation networks both within andamong Delaware communities Since 2011 the DelawareGeneral Assembly and the Wilmington Area PlanningCouncil (WILMAPCO) have invested considerable state andfederal funding in statewide pedestrian and bicycle improvements greenways and trails projects
Delaware Trails and Pathways Initiative ndash In 2011Delaware Governor Markell challenged a team of stateagencies to ldquocreate a world-class statewide network of pathways and trails for Delawarersquos citizens and visitors topromote biking hiking walking and active livingrdquo To meet this challenge DelDOT and the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) led and formed a partnership with regional and local organizations and government to create the Delaware Trailsand Pathways Initiative Its goal is to create an intercon-nected network of shared-use trails and pathways that willsupport non-motorized travel and recreation opportunitiesfor Delawareans and visitors The focus is on bicycling andwalking and providing safe and convenient ways to reachlocal work shops schools recreational sites and transit
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware10
work Other bicycling hurdles include perceptions that facilities or conditions are unsafe absence of traffic-calmingmeasures lack of law enforcement and insufficient educa-tion and outreach to promote bicycling as a viable form oftransportation Addressing these barriers to bikeability iscritically important to ldquono-choicerdquo riders ie those whorely on biking as their primary form of transportation orbike as a first- or last-mile connection to transit
Education and Outreach
Delaware has also utilized education and outreach to ramp-up support for safe cycling The Delaware Strategic HighwaySafety Plan is a statewide coordinated safety plan that aimsto eliminate fatalities on Delaware roadways through amulti-agency approach In 2013 DelDOT formed the PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Group Comprising various highway safety stakeholders its goal isto identify evaluate and implement pedestrianbicycle-related safety improvementsthroughout the state and along several corridorsthat exhibit higher-than-average pedestriancrash rates Several municipalities have also appointed bicycle committees to improve cycling facilities and infrastructure to enhancebikeability
Barriers to Bikeability
Despite strong support for cycling in Delawareobstacles still exist Major barriers to bicyclinginclude geographical or access barriers (eghighways railroad tracks terrain) high-stressstreets with high traffic volume and speeds andintersection issues End-of-trip facilities such asplaces to shower and change and secure sheltered parking that protects bikes from theftand poor weather can be a deterrent to cyclistsmdashparticularly those who commute to
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 11
interests The workshop should be publicized at least 4ndash6weeks in advance of the meeting through a mix of printand digital media Notifications can be posted in local gathering spots or destinations such as schools town hallmunicipal building library and recreation or communitycenters Websites of the local government schools andcommunity and civic organizations can provide outreachvia social media or online ldquonewsrdquo Direct personal contactcan be made to target participation from key stakeholdersincluding local government staff members local electedand appointed officials state legislators public safety agencies health- and safety-advocacy groups bicycle andrecreation enthusiasts local school leaders leaders ofneighborhood civic associations citizen organization representatives local business representatives members ofthe media officials from DelDOT and MPOs and otheridentified stakeholders Ideally the targeted group shouldconsist of approximately 20ndash40 people Identifying champions and gaining advocacy can help build supportfor plans policies funding and technical assistance to improve bicycle infrastructure and conditions
review existing Plans Policies and Programs
Local Plans Policies and Programs
Local government comprehensive plans are the foundationfor land-use planning in Delaware The comprehensive plancommunicates a communityrsquos goals and vision for the future provides a blueprint for future land use and provides
STeP 1 The Pre-ASSeSSMenT
Advanced preparation is critical to ensuring the success ofthe low-stress bikeability assessment process and achievingmeaningful outcomes While the assessment process maybe organized by a formal committee or ad hoc group theoverall process should be planned lead and facilitated byan individual (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) that is designated by a local government
Identify and Involve Stakeholders
Public involvement is a fundamental part of the low-stressbikeability assessment process Stakeholders should be identified and involved throughout the process whetherthe assessment is led and facilitated in-house or by a consultant Participants in the assessment processworkshopwill vary depending on the size and composition of the jurisdiction and the outreach effort For example largermunicipalities may already have and wish to involve a bicycle committee that comprises interested stakeholdersworking to improve bicycling conditions Other jurisdictionsmay wish to involve Planning Commission membersandor consider forming an ad hoc committee consisting ofstakeholders andor volunteers who are interestedinvestedin improving the low-stress bikeability of a specific area
In either case additional outreach should be conducted tomake sure participants are diverse and represent community
Planning for complete communities in delaware12
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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8-9)1200($amp160amp018$$0(-$+ampamp0-(-07(amp7$-amp2$405$-$+$$(1$-1)1208
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)-7445-AB-C45lt9)120amp5$2-(amp$+ampamp$-amp46amp)amp(1amp3lt-22-6002amp-lt$8
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
FAc
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( ( (196(7$amp(+(9lt$(6+amp$()(=($$(3$(-(amp+-3$5((0+amp(9$(06(-(amp+4gt+$1($+6)(0+amp(06(09)5($)(gt$()0lt(amp(7$(gt$)5(+amp(0+)(0-$(4$8(06-)$(-(0806))1((
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((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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-)Alt2=)B45)C71578(59amp$amp1amp+()1$501-amp$56amp1lt+1+amp5(0(99($414+amp091(+19(lt(-(-amp$56
Alt2=)B45)C71578(5amp$5++-140amp+)1amp$$++amp04+6=0amp)2-lt(lt1gt1(+19$1amp$1lt-($-11$5amp(56
B45)1507)1(0amp$10amp01$509amp$(()1+1amp($)$6ampgt1(009A19A$-ampB106C)4+94(-(B-Aamp99($ampamp+amp0gtamp$+lt-gt1gt1$5-((5+911Bgt(10+19(2+4$-amp+14+(019199($4(0(B+amp0amp+(+1gt+6
-)Alt2=)17-487Damp$5+amp0(99($41amp$$++211$1+14(0(B+11-1+4$(1+194)4((E211419-ltamp)91amp(B940+(amp(1+6
Alt2=)17-4871+1gtamp$+gt1gt9F42+4$-amp++amp4amp+2+-1gt+2+$-11+2(amp(+2$14()$+2amp0amp+(+1gt+6G-)ampampgtgt1amp$-amplt-(1amp(5H(6621+amp(+2Bamp++211-(gt0(+I6
Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
cIL
ITIe
S
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+ -)012034)30546)72)12)0)14851-2)5905)1)lt4=425)gt059-739)9006)gt-)8A81656B)$ampamp(ampamp)+amp-$0$1$$-2)amp$amp34$)amp0ampamp-$0amp+$1$5)6$)amp00$amp)2-7$amp$+6389amp)$)amp()$2$0amp+$1$9)077$amp90$+0222$-2)amp$9)$)0$(23
0234-7630546lt$amp=)909gt+0)0$1amp9)$)0-2)amp$$(2381)amp6amp)$amp-$)amp$7$amp$+6amp+2$)07)0)90$amp09)0+)amp3
C--lt$amp1(0=0)07amp09+0)009)+29)$)0amp-2)amp$$(2amp5)-2$)amp=)220$7$amp$+63
D465lt)2)$)amp=)90+71097$amp29amp$$7)22-amp$1$-2)amp$9amp0$1($ampamp(9)077$amp$223
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
cIL
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S
Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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(D643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(120+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(02)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(23()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
(D643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2(2)($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp(amp$96((
(EA-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(+0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
( (
)
+ -)--)0-1234)5-67-1)6)869)60-1-9)655-lt)lt9lt21)165-9)=-+3+gt)lt71gt)622431gt)640A)A-)17lt7-1BC)$amp()+)(amp-(+0amp1amp)amp(+(01+(2(32amp1(021amp0)(amp(amp432)+)()2($amp()+)(+00amp5)(+(5$056(
( ( (643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(0+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(2)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(3()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
G--)E6F243)D-12347(gt2=amp5(42(3+0()(3+-5(0+(+5()(amp-(1+6(amp(amp11(+112(5amp=()2(23()amp(522(amp1(amp=amp(0901amp)(3+0()2()+9(01+(2()(5+2$(amp43+0)(A26((
G-1)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(31+05()()+amp0(+5(amp-(1+6(amp(1amp4amp)(0+(522(24(amp(235(2)2()(amp-(1+(+5(32)0)(0901amp)(24(42=amp(0+6(
( (643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2()($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp($96((
$8HAH-9)E6lt-0)-67-17(D24(5amp(+)$(2$15((3)($)(31+05(2$)amp5(2()(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp6(E10)2(+5($43(0+(+1)(5amp=()2()+9(2$)(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(+(12(+(+(amp0901()amp(amp11(2)(amp)(2(2()(+)$(+5($1)(amp(+(+00amp5)6((
( (A-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
G--)7)D-12347(E2$55(0$()+)(+112(+(+5()1(amp43+0)(amp)(0$6(8901amp)(02$15(+12(+amp19(42=($3()(0$()2(+=2amp5(amp))amp(2)(20)(amp()(amp-(1+6((
( (
FA
cIL
ITIe
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +-(--(012(0345(-167189((-(37lt2lt=-(0lt7=72gt($amp())+(-+((amp0(+0)amp(1$(2)amp23)$0+4)+((1amp51(amp(1)+4)(+0$(+amp067(1)8+)-(1)amp()9)amp))3)6
($01718(lt3+(+(amp34(amp)(1)$+3+(lt-9((1)0+(4+$22)$-2)=)0(+051+gt1)$9+3+(lt(amp$)3ltamp0(+0)amp0(1)amp()6(
$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
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Planning for complete communities in delaware32
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
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computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
To support the Initiative the Delaware General Assemblypassed Senate Concurrent Resolution 13 in June 2011This resolution approved the study of the building and maintaining of non-motorized travel connections withinand between communities cities and towns in Delawareand to link these connections to form uninterrupted networks for walking and bicycling
Advocacy and Advisement
Statewide advocacy is strong thanks to a network of partner organizations that seek to promote healthylifestyles improve opportunities for active transportationand help plan effective safe and well-connected bikewaynetworks Bike Delaware a non-profit advocacy organization has been working to make bicycling a safeconvenient and fun transportation option in DelawareThe Delaware Council on Health Promotion and DiseasePrevention (CHPDP) was established in May 2010 by Governor Jack Markell ldquoto advise the Governor and Executive Branch on the development and coordination ofstrategies policies programs and other actions statewide topromote healthy lifestylesrdquo Other groupsinitiatives working to support active lifestyles include the DelawareCoalition for Healthy Eating and Active Living(DE HEAL) the Get Up and Do Something campaignDelaware Greenways Sussex Outdoors and NemoursHealth amp Prevention Services (NHPS)
It calls for Delaware to strategically invest in walking andbiking connectivitymdashto design build maintain and linknon-motorized transportation networks both within andamong Delaware communities Since 2011 the DelawareGeneral Assembly and the Wilmington Area PlanningCouncil (WILMAPCO) have invested considerable state andfederal funding in statewide pedestrian and bicycle improvements greenways and trails projects
Delaware Trails and Pathways Initiative ndash In 2011Delaware Governor Markell challenged a team of stateagencies to ldquocreate a world-class statewide network of pathways and trails for Delawarersquos citizens and visitors topromote biking hiking walking and active livingrdquo To meet this challenge DelDOT and the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) led and formed a partnership with regional and local organizations and government to create the Delaware Trailsand Pathways Initiative Its goal is to create an intercon-nected network of shared-use trails and pathways that willsupport non-motorized travel and recreation opportunitiesfor Delawareans and visitors The focus is on bicycling andwalking and providing safe and convenient ways to reachlocal work shops schools recreational sites and transit
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware10
work Other bicycling hurdles include perceptions that facilities or conditions are unsafe absence of traffic-calmingmeasures lack of law enforcement and insufficient educa-tion and outreach to promote bicycling as a viable form oftransportation Addressing these barriers to bikeability iscritically important to ldquono-choicerdquo riders ie those whorely on biking as their primary form of transportation orbike as a first- or last-mile connection to transit
Education and Outreach
Delaware has also utilized education and outreach to ramp-up support for safe cycling The Delaware Strategic HighwaySafety Plan is a statewide coordinated safety plan that aimsto eliminate fatalities on Delaware roadways through amulti-agency approach In 2013 DelDOT formed the PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Group Comprising various highway safety stakeholders its goal isto identify evaluate and implement pedestrianbicycle-related safety improvementsthroughout the state and along several corridorsthat exhibit higher-than-average pedestriancrash rates Several municipalities have also appointed bicycle committees to improve cycling facilities and infrastructure to enhancebikeability
Barriers to Bikeability
Despite strong support for cycling in Delawareobstacles still exist Major barriers to bicyclinginclude geographical or access barriers (eghighways railroad tracks terrain) high-stressstreets with high traffic volume and speeds andintersection issues End-of-trip facilities such asplaces to shower and change and secure sheltered parking that protects bikes from theftand poor weather can be a deterrent to cyclistsmdashparticularly those who commute to
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 11
interests The workshop should be publicized at least 4ndash6weeks in advance of the meeting through a mix of printand digital media Notifications can be posted in local gathering spots or destinations such as schools town hallmunicipal building library and recreation or communitycenters Websites of the local government schools andcommunity and civic organizations can provide outreachvia social media or online ldquonewsrdquo Direct personal contactcan be made to target participation from key stakeholdersincluding local government staff members local electedand appointed officials state legislators public safety agencies health- and safety-advocacy groups bicycle andrecreation enthusiasts local school leaders leaders ofneighborhood civic associations citizen organization representatives local business representatives members ofthe media officials from DelDOT and MPOs and otheridentified stakeholders Ideally the targeted group shouldconsist of approximately 20ndash40 people Identifying champions and gaining advocacy can help build supportfor plans policies funding and technical assistance to improve bicycle infrastructure and conditions
review existing Plans Policies and Programs
Local Plans Policies and Programs
Local government comprehensive plans are the foundationfor land-use planning in Delaware The comprehensive plancommunicates a communityrsquos goals and vision for the future provides a blueprint for future land use and provides
STeP 1 The Pre-ASSeSSMenT
Advanced preparation is critical to ensuring the success ofthe low-stress bikeability assessment process and achievingmeaningful outcomes While the assessment process maybe organized by a formal committee or ad hoc group theoverall process should be planned lead and facilitated byan individual (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) that is designated by a local government
Identify and Involve Stakeholders
Public involvement is a fundamental part of the low-stressbikeability assessment process Stakeholders should be identified and involved throughout the process whetherthe assessment is led and facilitated in-house or by a consultant Participants in the assessment processworkshopwill vary depending on the size and composition of the jurisdiction and the outreach effort For example largermunicipalities may already have and wish to involve a bicycle committee that comprises interested stakeholdersworking to improve bicycling conditions Other jurisdictionsmay wish to involve Planning Commission membersandor consider forming an ad hoc committee consisting ofstakeholders andor volunteers who are interestedinvestedin improving the low-stress bikeability of a specific area
In either case additional outreach should be conducted tomake sure participants are diverse and represent community
Planning for complete communities in delaware12
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
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Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
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Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
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No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
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112879860736354032-+( ampamp 1-(0 0
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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4365049063$-1-(amp 12amp3232
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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6amp02032332
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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6
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47 7 03293$-8ampamp$22-$-(-80(232
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0933-2032$-8033
lt
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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477363lt 7 -amp-3$lt$052-amp-$amp(
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ampamp02+32(3ampamp326$-8$-1amp$20ampampamp
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
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Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
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Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
work Other bicycling hurdles include perceptions that facilities or conditions are unsafe absence of traffic-calmingmeasures lack of law enforcement and insufficient educa-tion and outreach to promote bicycling as a viable form oftransportation Addressing these barriers to bikeability iscritically important to ldquono-choicerdquo riders ie those whorely on biking as their primary form of transportation orbike as a first- or last-mile connection to transit
Education and Outreach
Delaware has also utilized education and outreach to ramp-up support for safe cycling The Delaware Strategic HighwaySafety Plan is a statewide coordinated safety plan that aimsto eliminate fatalities on Delaware roadways through amulti-agency approach In 2013 DelDOT formed the PedestrianBicycle Safety Working Group Comprising various highway safety stakeholders its goal isto identify evaluate and implement pedestrianbicycle-related safety improvementsthroughout the state and along several corridorsthat exhibit higher-than-average pedestriancrash rates Several municipalities have also appointed bicycle committees to improve cycling facilities and infrastructure to enhancebikeability
Barriers to Bikeability
Despite strong support for cycling in Delawareobstacles still exist Major barriers to bicyclinginclude geographical or access barriers (eghighways railroad tracks terrain) high-stressstreets with high traffic volume and speeds andintersection issues End-of-trip facilities such asplaces to shower and change and secure sheltered parking that protects bikes from theftand poor weather can be a deterrent to cyclistsmdashparticularly those who commute to
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 11
interests The workshop should be publicized at least 4ndash6weeks in advance of the meeting through a mix of printand digital media Notifications can be posted in local gathering spots or destinations such as schools town hallmunicipal building library and recreation or communitycenters Websites of the local government schools andcommunity and civic organizations can provide outreachvia social media or online ldquonewsrdquo Direct personal contactcan be made to target participation from key stakeholdersincluding local government staff members local electedand appointed officials state legislators public safety agencies health- and safety-advocacy groups bicycle andrecreation enthusiasts local school leaders leaders ofneighborhood civic associations citizen organization representatives local business representatives members ofthe media officials from DelDOT and MPOs and otheridentified stakeholders Ideally the targeted group shouldconsist of approximately 20ndash40 people Identifying champions and gaining advocacy can help build supportfor plans policies funding and technical assistance to improve bicycle infrastructure and conditions
review existing Plans Policies and Programs
Local Plans Policies and Programs
Local government comprehensive plans are the foundationfor land-use planning in Delaware The comprehensive plancommunicates a communityrsquos goals and vision for the future provides a blueprint for future land use and provides
STeP 1 The Pre-ASSeSSMenT
Advanced preparation is critical to ensuring the success ofthe low-stress bikeability assessment process and achievingmeaningful outcomes While the assessment process maybe organized by a formal committee or ad hoc group theoverall process should be planned lead and facilitated byan individual (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) that is designated by a local government
Identify and Involve Stakeholders
Public involvement is a fundamental part of the low-stressbikeability assessment process Stakeholders should be identified and involved throughout the process whetherthe assessment is led and facilitated in-house or by a consultant Participants in the assessment processworkshopwill vary depending on the size and composition of the jurisdiction and the outreach effort For example largermunicipalities may already have and wish to involve a bicycle committee that comprises interested stakeholdersworking to improve bicycling conditions Other jurisdictionsmay wish to involve Planning Commission membersandor consider forming an ad hoc committee consisting ofstakeholders andor volunteers who are interestedinvestedin improving the low-stress bikeability of a specific area
In either case additional outreach should be conducted tomake sure participants are diverse and represent community
Planning for complete communities in delaware12
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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8-9)1200($amp160amp018$$0(-$+ampamp0-(-07(amp7$-amp2$405$-$+$$(1$-1)1208
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)-7445-AB-C45lt9)120amp5$2-(amp$+ampamp$-amp46amp)amp(1amp3lt-22-6002amp-lt$8
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
FAc
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( ( (196(7$amp(+(9lt$(6+amp$()(=($$(3$(-(amp+-3$5((0+amp(9$(06(-(amp+4gt+$1($+6)(0+amp(06(09)5($)(gt$()0lt(amp(7$(gt$)5(+amp(0+)(0-$(4$8(06-)$(-(0806))1((
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((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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-)Alt2=)B45)C71578(59amp$amp1amp+()1$501-amp$56amp1lt+1+amp5(0(99($414+amp091(+19(lt(-(-amp$56
Alt2=)B45)C71578(5amp$5++-140amp+)1amp$$++amp04+6=0amp)2-lt(lt1gt1(+19$1amp$1lt-($-11$5amp(56
B45)1507)1(0amp$10amp01$509amp$(()1+1amp($)$6ampgt1(009A19A$-ampB106C)4+94(-(B-Aamp99($ampamp+amp0gtamp$+lt-gt1gt1$5-((5+911Bgt(10+19(2+4$-amp+14+(019199($4(0(B+amp0amp+(+1gt+6
-)Alt2=)17-487Damp$5+amp0(99($41amp$$++211$1+14(0(B+11-1+4$(1+194)4((E211419-ltamp)91amp(B940+(amp(1+6
Alt2=)17-4871+1gtamp$+gt1gt9F42+4$-amp++amp4amp+2+-1gt+2+$-11+2(amp(+2$14()$+2amp0amp+(+1gt+6G-)ampampgtgt1amp$-amplt-(1amp(5H(6621+amp(+2Bamp++211-(gt0(+I6
Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
cIL
ITIe
S
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+ -)012034)30546)72)12)0)14851-2)5905)1)lt4=425)gt059-739)9006)gt-)8A81656B)$ampamp(ampamp)+amp-$0$1$$-2)amp$amp34$)amp0ampamp-$0amp+$1$5)6$)amp00$amp)2-7$amp$+6389amp)$)amp()$2$0amp+$1$9)077$amp90$+0222$-2)amp$9)$)0$(23
0234-7630546lt$amp=)909gt+0)0$1amp9)$)0-2)amp$$(2381)amp6amp)$amp-$)amp$7$amp$+6amp+2$)07)0)90$amp09)0+)amp3
C--lt$amp1(0=0)07amp09+0)009)+29)$)0amp-2)amp$$(2amp5)-2$)amp=)220$7$amp$+63
D465lt)2)$)amp=)90+71097$amp29amp$$7)22-amp$1$-2)amp$9amp0$1($ampamp(9)077$amp$223
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
cIL
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S
Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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(D643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(120+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(02)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(23()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
(D643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2(2)($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp(amp$96((
(EA-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(+0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
( (
)
+ -)--)0-1234)5-67-1)6)869)60-1-9)655-lt)lt9lt21)165-9)=-+3+gt)lt71gt)622431gt)640A)A-)17lt7-1BC)$amp()+)(amp-(+0amp1amp)amp(+(01+(2(32amp1(021amp0)(amp(amp432)+)()2($amp()+)(+00amp5)(+(5$056(
( ( (643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(0+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(2)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(3()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
G--)E6F243)D-12347(gt2=amp5(42(3+0()(3+-5(0+(+5()(amp-(1+6(amp(amp11(+112(5amp=()2(23()amp(522(amp1(amp=amp(0901amp)(3+0()2()+9(01+(2()(5+2$(amp43+0)(A26((
G-1)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(31+05()()+amp0(+5(amp-(1+6(amp(1amp4amp)(0+(522(24(amp(235(2)2()(amp-(1+(+5(32)0)(0901amp)(24(42=amp(0+6(
( (643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2()($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp($96((
$8HAH-9)E6lt-0)-67-17(D24(5amp(+)$(2$15((3)($)(31+05(2$)amp5(2()(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp6(E10)2(+5($43(0+(+1)(5amp=()2()+9(2$)(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(+(12(+(+(amp0901()amp(amp11(2)(amp)(2(2()(+)$(+5($1)(amp(+(+00amp5)6((
( (A-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
G--)7)D-12347(E2$55(0$()+)(+112(+(+5()1(amp43+0)(amp)(0$6(8901amp)(02$15(+12(+amp19(42=($3()(0$()2(+=2amp5(amp))amp(2)(20)(amp()(amp-(1+6((
( (
FA
cIL
ITIe
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +-(--(012(0345(-167189((-(37lt2lt=-(0lt7=72gt($amp())+(-+((amp0(+0)amp(1$(2)amp23)$0+4)+((1amp51(amp(1)+4)(+0$(+amp067(1)8+)-(1)amp()9)amp))3)6
($01718(lt3+(+(amp34(amp)(1)$+3+(lt-9((1)0+(4+$22)$-2)=)0(+051+gt1)$9+3+(lt(amp$)3ltamp0(+0)amp0(1)amp()6(
$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
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Planning for complete communities in delaware32
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
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computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
interests The workshop should be publicized at least 4ndash6weeks in advance of the meeting through a mix of printand digital media Notifications can be posted in local gathering spots or destinations such as schools town hallmunicipal building library and recreation or communitycenters Websites of the local government schools andcommunity and civic organizations can provide outreachvia social media or online ldquonewsrdquo Direct personal contactcan be made to target participation from key stakeholdersincluding local government staff members local electedand appointed officials state legislators public safety agencies health- and safety-advocacy groups bicycle andrecreation enthusiasts local school leaders leaders ofneighborhood civic associations citizen organization representatives local business representatives members ofthe media officials from DelDOT and MPOs and otheridentified stakeholders Ideally the targeted group shouldconsist of approximately 20ndash40 people Identifying champions and gaining advocacy can help build supportfor plans policies funding and technical assistance to improve bicycle infrastructure and conditions
review existing Plans Policies and Programs
Local Plans Policies and Programs
Local government comprehensive plans are the foundationfor land-use planning in Delaware The comprehensive plancommunicates a communityrsquos goals and vision for the future provides a blueprint for future land use and provides
STeP 1 The Pre-ASSeSSMenT
Advanced preparation is critical to ensuring the success ofthe low-stress bikeability assessment process and achievingmeaningful outcomes While the assessment process maybe organized by a formal committee or ad hoc group theoverall process should be planned lead and facilitated byan individual (eg planner consultant or municipal staffmember) that is designated by a local government
Identify and Involve Stakeholders
Public involvement is a fundamental part of the low-stressbikeability assessment process Stakeholders should be identified and involved throughout the process whetherthe assessment is led and facilitated in-house or by a consultant Participants in the assessment processworkshopwill vary depending on the size and composition of the jurisdiction and the outreach effort For example largermunicipalities may already have and wish to involve a bicycle committee that comprises interested stakeholdersworking to improve bicycling conditions Other jurisdictionsmay wish to involve Planning Commission membersandor consider forming an ad hoc committee consisting ofstakeholders andor volunteers who are interestedinvestedin improving the low-stress bikeability of a specific area
In either case additional outreach should be conducted tomake sure participants are diverse and represent community
Planning for complete communities in delaware12
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
$amp()
+ -0102-34025-67-6-859$$amp$amp())+$-01)12$amp10200$3amp(4$5$(600($-22-60(71amp$7-0$3$$amp$5amp0amp0-(8
8-9)1200($amp160amp018$$0(-$+ampamp0-(-07(amp7$-amp2$405$-$+$$(1$-1)1208
)lt4=907(amp7$0+$$(ampamp2$405$-$amp1amp1)120amp)lt$$lt22-amp4amp(4$)amp5$$07-6amp)8
)ltgt2-9=02$(-ampgt$4$12lt05$2)-1)120300604$amp(4---040(78ampamp)amp2-lt$$+amp1$-+ampgt0(7-0420(78
-045-AB-amp48-9+amp1$-($-amp40+$1001amp22)ampgt$4-1)1208
C5-05-AB-amp48-9$$0-$--+)01amp2amp0$$6$$(5$01lt2ampamp01amp(41)1208
)-7445-AB-C45lt9)120amp5$2-(amp$+ampamp$-amp46amp)amp(1amp3lt-22-6002amp-lt$8
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
FAc
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B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
bull Provide or improve bicycle accessibility safety andfacilities
bull Start a Safe Routes to School Programbull Conduct a bicycle studybull Institute Complete Streets principlesbull Adopt policy initiatives or design guidelines to increase physical activity active transportation andrecreation opportunities that include cycling
If initiatives are already planned or underway effortsshould avoid being duplicated but should build on current initiatives If the comprehensive plan identifies deficient bicycle facilities or infrastructurethese areas may be targeted for a low-stress bikeabilityassessment The status of other relevant local government plans should be reviewed such as parksand recreation master plans bicycle plans transporta-tion and circulation plans to gain knowledge of
bull Previous assessments of existing bicycle conditionsbull Identified gaps in the networkbull Existing or needed linksconnections to other modes oftransportation particularly transit greenways trailsmulti-use paths parks and primary community destinations
bull Proposed policies programs and projects to achievestated goals
bull Proposed or underway plans for implementation that detail a timetable funding sources and partnership opportunities
guidance for establishing the laws policies and programsto achieve implementation The comprehensive plan particularly relevant maps and the transportation and recreation elements should be reviewed prior to the workshop and in-field assessment As described in HealthyCommunities The Comprehensive Plan Assessment Toolthe goals objectives and recommendations within thecomprehensive plan should be reviewed to determinewhether the comprehensive plan addresses the need to accomplish the following
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
The City of Newarkrsquos Pomeroy Trail
13
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
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((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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G--)7)D-12347(E2$55(0$()+)(+112(+(+5()1(amp43+0)(amp)(0$6(8901amp)(02$15(+12(+amp19(42=($3()(0$()2(+=2amp5(amp))amp(2)(20)(amp()(amp-(1+6((
( (
FA
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
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Wo
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$amp
(
) +-(--(012(0345(-167189((-(37lt2lt=-(0lt7=72gt($amp())+(-+((amp0(+0)amp(1$(2)amp23)$0+4)+((1amp51(amp(1)+4)(+0$(+amp067(1)8+)-(1)amp()9)amp))3)6
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$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
) 210-+ampamp$ (amp)
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
112879860736354032-+( ampamp 1-(0 0
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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4365049063$-1-(amp 12amp3232
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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6amp02032332
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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$
amp
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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(
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( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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736354+amp3 32
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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( (
47 7 03293$-8ampamp$22-$-(-80(232
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
0933-2032$-8033
lt
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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477363lt 7 -amp-3$lt$052-amp-$amp(
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( (
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
899019(=$amp+(107)amp(0amp($(+(8amp(-+-+ampgt()6)-(0amp(amp((0amp((()+-amp+(+(7(lt)amp4(((
((((((((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
$amp
(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
$4gt+8F7-$0+17AB)4-27(6+2(0)(1(1(58(511+()+1()061(-2)+-0(3(0027lt(27()--(4-19(0gtamp20(7001+(74+(2))(C8()-20--19(09(1)162-748((1282()-)+240(gt
64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
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B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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IT In
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n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Federal State and Regional Planning Resources
Federal
The FHWA supports aflexible approach to bicycle-facility designAASHTOrsquos Guide for theDevelopment of BicycleFacilities (AASHTO BikeGuide) is the primary national resource forplanning designing andoperating bicycle andpedestrian facilities In addition the National Associationof City Transportation Officials (NACTO) Urban BikewayDesign Guide builds upon the flexibilities provided in theAASHTO guidelines which can help communities plan anddesign safe and convenient facilities for bicyclists The revised2009 version of Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes Part 9 ndash Traffic Control for Bicycle Facilities provides guidance on signs pavementmarkings and highway traffic signals specifically related tobicycle operation on both roadways and shared-use pathsThe National Highway Institute (NHI) provides leadershipand resources to guide the development and delivery oftransportation-related training including bicycle-facilitydesign
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware14
State
DelDOT has established a comprehensive approach tothe establishment of a statewidebicycle network Its Bicycle Facility Master Plan establishesbicycle facilities as an integralpart of the transportation network Delawarersquos CompleteStreets Policy implementedby DelDOT in 2010 ensuresthat transportation system improvements are planned designed constructed operated and maintained in a waythat enables safe and efficient access for users of all agesand abilities
DelDOTrsquos Delaware Rail-to-Trail amp Rail-with-Trail FacilityMaster Plan discusses the need to interconnect rail-trail corridors with both existing and proposed statewide trailsystems greenways and pedestrianbicycle networks inconjunction with the existing state policies programs andguidelines It underscores the need to collaborate with stateagencies such as DNREC and the state Department of Education (DOE) nonprofit organizations (eg DelawareGreenways and Bike Delaware) and local governments toaccomplish this goal and programs such as DelawarersquosSafe Routes to School Program and Delaware Trails andPathways Initiative In addition DelDOT prepares both a
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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8-9)1200($amp160amp018$$0(-$+ampamp0-(-07(amp7$-amp2$405$-$+$$(1$-1)1208
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)-7445-AB-C45lt9)120amp5$2-(amp$+ampamp$-amp46amp)amp(1amp3lt-22-6002amp-lt$8
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
FAc
ILIT
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22-A1=4-)A7$(+4$+gt$(9lt$(6+amp$()7-6(9$(9$3$$amp(BC(D($$(3$1(
B37-(A7$)$(+$($+6(37$amp(7$()$$(-(4-6$(-(+0()(4$8(7gt75(7$$()(-ampE)$$(+ltampgt(amp$F(-(7$(9lt$(6+amp$5(7$$(+$(amp$-)(0806))()ampgt(7$(-+5(-(7$(9lt$3+8(7+)(3-E3+8(+0(-amp(1((
((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
cIL
ITIe
S
$amp()+-amp01234-+5$$amp()+$$-(-(+(+0(11(1-12$3$4)-)03-(1-0$)-2$(+1)(amp5$2223$)-2(amp$+6
6334)-(744++782$3$$-amp9-)--+49-$+(+(-amp$0$11$23()$amp($93-6+$-amp3-4(2)(-9)$0-4223$amp--$0-53lt6=(5-gt-)4-)-$+(5(2)(-)--1)(amp-9$lt-3+-(22--(+-$0-012$3$6
8+(744++7+-)$+-9$223-12$3$$$amp3-6A(1()-$$+--0-0(3+(5()5-+-+)5$339-($93-6
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
cIL
ITIe
S
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+ $)-0)120)345)6705489)0)-079)7-)78489lt2=)gt-487-48)))$amp($)$(+-amp+amp01amp0+(amp(12-3+-+-140amp1amp+()amp-(+3-(5(amp+$41$amp(16
-)Alt2=)B45)C71578(59amp$amp1amp+()1$501-amp$56amp1lt+1+amp5(0(99($414+amp091(+19(lt(-(-amp$56
Alt2=)B45)C71578(5amp$5++-140amp+)1amp$$++amp04+6=0amp)2-lt(lt1gt1(+19$1amp$1lt-($-11$5amp(56
B45)1507)1(0amp$10amp01$509amp$(()1+1amp($)$6ampgt1(009A19A$-ampB106C)4+94(-(B-Aamp99($ampamp+amp0gtamp$+lt-gt1gt1$5-((5+911Bgt(10+19(2+4$-amp+14+(019199($4(0(B+amp0amp+(+1gt+6
-)Alt2=)17-487Damp$5+amp0(99($41amp$$++211$1+14(0(B+11-1+4$(1+194)4((E211419-ltamp)91amp(B940+(amp(1+6
Alt2=)17-4871+1gtamp$+gt1gt9F42+4$-amp++amp4amp+2+-1gt+2+$-11+2(amp(+2$14()$+2amp0amp+(+1gt+6G-)ampampgtgt1amp$-amplt-(1amp(5H(6621+amp(+2Bamp++211-(gt0(+I6
Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
cIL
ITIe
S
$$amp$()
+ -)012034)30546)72)12)0)14851-2)5905)1)lt4=425)gt059-739)9006)gt-)8A81656B)$ampamp(ampamp)+amp-$0$1$$-2)amp$amp34$)amp0ampamp-$0amp+$1$5)6$)amp00$amp)2-7$amp$+6389amp)$)amp()$2$0amp+$1$9)077$amp90$+0222$-2)amp$9)$)0$(23
0234-7630546lt$amp=)909gt+0)0$1amp9)$)0-2)amp$$(2381)amp6amp)$amp-$)amp$7$amp$+6amp+2$)07)0)90$amp09)0+)amp3
C--lt$amp1(0=0)07amp09+0)009)+29)$)0amp-2)amp$$(2amp5)-2$)amp=)220$7$amp$+63
D465lt)2)$)amp=)90+71097$amp29amp$$7)22-amp$1$-2)amp$9amp0$1($ampamp(9)077$amp$223
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
cIL
ITIe
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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+ ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )$amp()+)(amp-(+0amp1amp)amp(+(01+(2(32amp1(021amp0)(amp(amp432)+)()2($amp()+)(+00amp5)(+(5$056(
(D643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(120+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(02)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(23()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
(D643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2(2)($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp(amp$96((
(EA-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(+0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
( (
)
+ -)--)0-1234)5-67-1)6)869)60-1-9)655-lt)lt9lt21)165-9)=-+3+gt)lt71gt)622431gt)640A)A-)17lt7-1BC)$amp()+)(amp-(+0amp1amp)amp(+(01+(2(32amp1(021amp0)(amp(amp432)+)()2($amp()+)(+00amp5)(+(5$056(
( ( (643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(0+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(2)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(3()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
G--)E6F243)D-12347(gt2=amp5(42(3+0()(3+-5(0+(+5()(amp-(1+6(amp(amp11(+112(5amp=()2(23()amp(522(amp1(amp=amp(0901amp)(3+0()2()+9(01+(2()(5+2$(amp43+0)(A26((
G-1)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(31+05()()+amp0(+5(amp-(1+6(amp(1amp4amp)(0+(522(24(amp(235(2)2()(amp-(1+(+5(32)0)(0901amp)(24(42=amp(0+6(
( (643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2()($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp($96((
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
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+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 15
Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and a six-year Capital Transportation Program (CTP) to implement theLRTP The plan communicates the vision of a statewidetransportation network that reflects the State Strategies forPolicies and Spending which is intended to coordinatelocal land-use decision-making with the provision of stateinfrastructure and services Practitioners at DelDOT canoffer guidance and technical assistance to local governmentofficials on bicycle-facility planning design and geographicinformation system (GIS) and low-stress bicycle-route mapping
Regional
MPOs are federally designated agencies made up of representatives from local government and governmentaltransportation authorities that are responsible for coordinating regional transportation planning and programming MPO advisory committees or workinggroups make recommendations on its long-range RegionalTransportation Plan (RTP) and Transportation ImprovementProgram (TIP) which represents the first four years of theRTP and prioritizes funding investments for transportation-system improvements for roads buses rail and bicyclepedestrian networks and infrastructure All projects selectedby the MPOs for inclusion in the TIP are coordinated withthe DelDOT CIP
MPO staff may be contacted to obtain guidance or assistwith public outreach and engagement workshops trainingand the provision of GIS maps and data WILMAPCO assists
New Castle County jurisdictions the DoverKent CountyMPO assists Kent County communities and a portion ofSussex County is serviced by the SalisburyWicomico MPO
Gather data and Select an Area for a Low-
Stress Bicycle Assessment
Once stakeholders have been enlisted to participate in theworkshop for the low-stress bicycle assessment and relevantresources have been reviewed additional data must be gathered to select an area to assess This process includesgathering the jurisdictionrsquos low-stress basemap obtaininglocal knowledge and preparing for the workshop and in-field assessment
Obtain the Arearsquos Low-Stress BikeabilityBasemap from DelDOT
The low-stress cycling approach is designed to identify areaswithin the local transportation network that have on-roadbike travelndashsafety concerns lack connectivity for bicyclistsare stressful for the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo rider andare critical routes to destinations particularly for ldquono-choicerdquo riders and commuters DelDOT has developed low-stress bikeability basemaps for most areas within thestate of Delaware The methodology uses statewide data ontraffic lane width traffic speed traffic volume the availability of shoulders andor separate cycling facilitiesand safety It then designates road segments and
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
$amp()
+ -0102-34025-67-6-859$$amp$amp())+$-01)12$amp10200$3amp(4$5$(600($-22-60(71amp$7-0$3$$amp$5amp0amp0-(8
8-9)1200($amp160amp018$$0(-$+ampamp0-(-07(amp7$-amp2$405$-$+$$(1$-1)1208
)lt4=907(amp7$0+$$(ampamp2$405$-$amp1amp1)120amp)lt$$lt22-amp4amp(4$)amp5$$07-6amp)8
)ltgt2-9=02$(-ampgt$4$12lt05$2)-1)120300604$amp(4---040(78ampamp)amp2-lt$$+amp1$-+ampgt0(7-0420(78
-045-AB-amp48-9+amp1$-($-amp40+$1001amp22)ampgt$4-1)1208
C5-05-AB-amp48-9$$0-$--+)01amp2amp0$$6$$(5$01lt2ampamp01amp(41)1208
)-7445-AB-C45lt9)120amp5$2-(amp$+ampamp$-amp46amp)amp(1amp3lt-22-6002amp-lt$8
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
FAc
ILIT
IeS
$$amp$()
+ -)-)0123433-5)637-)-89)9)1229ltlt971-)=32gt24355)$$amp()$)(+$(+-+$(amp$($$amp(0-amp-amp)1(2-3$4$5(amp+-3(6+amp$)()7-6(+63+8)(9$(+4-$1(
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
in blue An area that appears to have disconnected or ldquomissingrdquo roads includes Main St and Delaware Ave twoof the most popular routes for many ldquono-choicerdquo bicycleriders (eg non-driving residents commuters and students) who travel east and west through the city
A jurisdiction that wishes to conduct a low-stress bikeabilityassessment should obtain the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) from DelDOT to target a high-priority area that appears to have missing roads within the street networkDelDOT plans to publish the low-stress basemaps for areaswithin Delaware on its website Maps that are not availableonline may be requested by contacting the Planning Division of DelDOT Obtaining the low-stress basemap(s)eliminates the need for the jurisdiction to conduct traffic-volume counts measure vehicular speeds or measure thewidth of lanes of a roadway that may be targeted for a low-stress bikeability assessment
Apply Local Knowledge and Select a Priority Area
Consider Key Questions
No one knows a community better than the residentsproperty owners Once the basemap is obtained the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should communicatewith prospective workshop participants to clearly articulateand present viable options for conducting the low-stressbikeability assessment The basemap should be made
intersections as Level of Traffic Stress (LTS) 1 amp 2 (relativelysafe and bikeable) and LTS 3 amp 4 (more challenging and lessaccessible to the ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclist)
In this example (see map graphic) the statewide analysisshows roads in light green as easy and safe to cycle Thosesuitable for the ldquoenthused and confidentrdquo rider are shownblue Roads where only a ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo cyclist woulddare to venture are left out This leaves the appearance ofdisconnected areas or ldquoholesrdquo in the street network orroads where the average bicyclists probably would not rideThe City of Newark chose to focus its bikeability improvements within the oval area of the map highlighted
Planning for complete communities in delaware16
Low-stress bikeability basemap for Newark Del
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
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Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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( (
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
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No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
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112879860736354032-+( ampamp 1-(0 0
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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4365049063$-1-(amp 12amp3232
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6amp02032332
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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6
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47 7 03293$-8ampamp$22-$-(-80(232
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( (
0933-2032$-8033
lt
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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477363lt 7 -amp-3$lt$052-amp-$amp(
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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ampamp02+32(3ampamp326$-8$-1amp$20ampampamp
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
899019(=$amp+(107)amp(0amp($(+(8amp(-+-+ampgt()6)-(0amp(amp((0amp((()+-amp+(+(7(lt)amp4(((
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Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
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64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
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Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
committee (eg a bike committee or Planning Commission)it may be possible to hold a meeting prior to the workshopto gain consensus on the assessment area If an in-personmeeting with prospective workshop participants is not possible an informal poll via email or the use of participa-tory web-based technology (such as social media andor useof municipal websites) may be used to conduct a surveyandor engage and gain consensus from stakeholders In either case the boundaries of the selected assessment areashould reflect top stakeholder concerns related to bicycleinfrastructure and facility needs safety issues (which include public safety incidentaccident reports) mode androute connectivity and the needs of both the average ldquointerested and concernedrdquo cyclists and ldquono-choicerdquo ridersThe selected assessment area should have specific issuesthat can be realistically addressed through plans policieseducational and built-environment improvement strategies
Prepare for the Low-Stress Bikeability
Assessment and Workshop
Pre-Tour the Selected Area
Once an area has been selected for the assessment a pre-tourmdashphysically biking andor walking the area in advance of the workshopmdashshould be conducted with volunteers andor key representatives of the jurisdiction During the pre-tour
available andor distributed electronically to the stakeholdergroup They should be asked to review and apply localknowledge to ldquoground truthrdquo the low-stress bikeabilitybasemap(s) To prioritize an area targeted for the low-stressbike assessment group membersprospective workshop participants should be asked to consider several key questions when reviewing the map
bull Where are known issues or problem spots for primaryroutes used by bicyclists
bull Does the low-stress basemap accurately depict theseknown problem areas or are there inconsistencies
bull Does the map accurately reflect problem areas when compared to public-safety incidentaccident reports
bull In relation to the basemap where are primary destinations and routes for the average bicyclist (eg residential areas schools shops parks libraries restaurants recreation services places of employment)
bull Where are segments that lack connectivity to primarydestinations
bull Where are concentrations of ldquono-choicerdquo riders Are thereknown routes that may be used by ldquono-choicerdquo riderswithin the mapped area
bull Are there locations within the low-stress basemap thatpose barriers to first- and last-mile connectivity to transit
Reach Consensus on an Area to Conduct the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment
If the targeted group is a standing local government
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 17
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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8-9)1200($amp160amp018$$0(-$+ampamp0-(-07(amp7$-amp2$405$-$+$$(1$-1)1208
)lt4=907(amp7$0+$$(ampamp2$405$-$amp1amp1)120amp)lt$$lt22-amp4amp(4$)amp5$$07-6amp)8
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-045-AB-amp48-9+amp1$-($-amp40+$1001amp22)ampgt$4-1)1208
C5-05-AB-amp48-9$$0-$--+)01amp2amp0$$6$$(5$01lt2ampamp01amp(41)1208
)-7445-AB-C45lt9)120amp5$2-(amp$+ampamp$-amp46amp)amp(1amp3lt-22-6002amp-lt$8
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
FAc
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$$amp$()
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( ( (196(7$amp(+(9lt$(6+amp$()(=($$(3$(-(amp+-3$5((0+amp(9$(06(-(amp+4gt+$1($+6)(0+amp(06(09)5($)(gt$()0lt(amp(7$(gt$)5(+amp(0+)(0-$(4$8(06-)$(-(0806))1((
22-A1=4-)A7$(+4$+gt$(9lt$(6+amp$()7-6(9$(9$3$$amp(BC(D($$(3$1(
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((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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8+(744++7+-)$+-9$223-12$3$$$amp3-6A(1()-$$+--0-0(3+(5()5-+-+)5$339-($93-6
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Alt2=)17-4871+1gtamp$+gt1gt9F42+4$-amp++amp4amp+2+-1gt+2+$-11+2(amp(+2$14()$+2amp0amp+(+1gt+6G-)ampampgtgt1amp$-amplt-(1amp(5H(6621+amp(+2Bamp++211-(gt0(+I6
Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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$$amp$()
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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G-1)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(31+05()()+amp0(+5(amp-(1+6(amp(1amp4amp)(0+(522(24(amp(235(2)2()(amp-(1+(+5(32)0)(0901amp)(24(42=amp(0+6(
( (643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2()($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp($96((
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( (A-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
G--)7)D-12347(E2$55(0$()+)(+112(+(+5()1(amp43+0)(amp)(0$6(8901amp)(02$15(+12(+amp19(42=($3()(0$()2(+=2amp5(amp))amp(2)(20)(amp()(amp-(1+6((
( (
FA
cIL
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
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Wo
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$amp
(
) +-(--(012(0345(-167189((-(37lt2lt=-(0lt7=72gt($amp())+(-+((amp0(+0)amp(1$(2)amp23)$0+4)+((1amp51(amp(1)+4)(+0$(+amp067(1)8+)-(1)amp()9)amp))3)6
($01718(lt3+(+(amp34(amp)(1)$+3+(lt-9((1)0+(4+$22)$-2)=)0(+051+gt1)$9+3+(lt(amp$)3ltamp0(+0)amp0(1)amp()6(
$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
) 210-+ampamp$ (amp)
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
112879860736354032-+( ampamp 1-(0 0
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
4365049063$-1-(amp 12amp3232
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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( (
2$$5(432amp30
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
6amp02032332
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
$
amp
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
736354+amp3 32
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
47 7 03293$-8ampamp$22-$-(-80(232
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
0933-2032$-8033
lt
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
477363lt 7 -amp-3$lt$052-amp-$amp(
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( (
ampamp02+32(3ampamp326$-8$-1amp$20ampampamp
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
899019(=$amp+(107)amp(0amp($(+(8amp(-+-+ampgt()6)-(0amp(amp((0amp((()+-amp+(+(7(lt)amp4(((
((((((((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
$amp
(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
$4gt+8F7-$0+17AB)4-27(6+2(0)(1(1(58(511+()+1()061(-2)+-0(3(0027lt(27()--(4-19(0gtamp20(7001+(74+(2))(C8()-20--19(09(1)162-748((1282()-)+240(gt
64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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on
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Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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ecTI
on
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Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
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IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
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IT In
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Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware18
bull Identify any safety issues and locations where the groupmay make critical observations
bull Consider the route length For their Walkability Community Workshops WILMAPCO recommends aiming for a route length of no more than six blocks forwalking and a talking time of approximately one hour
bull Consider the time of day to conduct the assessment Forexample if a primary concern is bikeability for a SafeRoutes to School initiative the low-stress bikeability assessment should be conducted when children ridetofrom school rather than a weekend or during eveninghours
Plan Workshop Logistics
bull Select and reserve a public workshop venue near the selected bikeability-assessment route to conduct theworkshop ndash Ideal venues include town halls firehouses librariessenior centers schools or community meeting rooms
ndash The workshop venue shouldradic Meet ADA accessibility requirementsradic Allow for set up of a pre-downloaded narrated PowerPointvideo presentation to be shown prior tothe in-field bikeability assessment have Internet connectivity if the online YouTube version is shown
radic Provide tableschairs arranged to facilitate a mappingexercise for break-out groups of 6ndash8 people followingthe assessment
radic Permit serving of refreshments for workshop participants
bull Schedule and publicize the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment workshop at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance of theevent
bull Invite the selected committee group andor prospectiveworkshop participants at least 4ndash6 weeks in advance andprovide contact information for participants to RSVP
bull Advertise the workshop at least 7 days in advance inorder to meet Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requirements if participation by a public body (egtownrsquos elected or appointed officials) will constitute aquorum Check with the town clerk or solicitor for jurisdiction-specific procedures
Prepare Workshop Materials
Collect and prepare the following materials and supplies tobring to the workshop
bull IPArsquos downloadable narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment AnOverview of What to Look forrdquo The presentation shouldbe downloaded in advance from IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and saved to a laptopcomputer or USB device If Internet is available at thevenue it may be accessed via IPArsquos Complete Communities YouTube Channel
bull Projector and screen to display the PowerPoint presentation
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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)-7445-AB-C45lt9)120amp5$2-(amp$+ampamp$-amp46amp)amp(1amp3lt-22-6002amp-lt$8
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
FAc
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( ( (196(7$amp(+(9lt$(6+amp$()(=($$(3$(-(amp+-3$5((0+amp(9$(06(-(amp+4gt+$1($+6)(0+amp(06(09)5($)(gt$()0lt(amp(7$(gt$)5(+amp(0+)(0-$(4$8(06-)$(-(0806))1((
22-A1=4-)A7$(+4$+gt$(9lt$(6+amp$()7-6(9$(9$3$$amp(BC(D($$(3$1(
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((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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Alt2=)17-4871+1gtamp$+gt1gt9F42+4$-amp++amp4amp+2+-1gt+2+$-11+2(amp(+2$14()$+2amp0amp+(+1gt+6G-)ampampgtgt1amp$-amplt-(1amp(5H(6621+amp(+2Bamp++211-(gt0(+I6
Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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( (
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( ( (643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(0+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(2)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(3()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
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( (643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2()($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp($96((
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( (A-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
G--)7)D-12347(E2$55(0$()+)(+112(+(+5()1(amp43+0)(amp)(0$6(8901amp)(02$15(+12(+amp19(42=($3()(0$()2(+=2amp5(amp))amp(2)(20)(amp()(amp-(1+6((
( (
FA
cIL
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +-(--(012(0345(-167189((-(37lt2lt=-(0lt7=72gt($amp())+(-+((amp0(+0)amp(1$(2)amp23)$0+4)+((1amp51(amp(1)+4)(+0$(+amp067(1)8+)-(1)amp()9)amp))3)6
($01718(lt3+(+(amp34(amp)(1)$+3+(lt-9((1)0+(4+$22)$-2)=)0(+051+gt1)$9+3+(lt(amp$)3ltamp0(+0)amp0(1)amp()6(
$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
) 210-+ampamp$ (amp)
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
112879860736354032-+( ampamp 1-(0 0
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
4365049063$-1-(amp 12amp3232
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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(((((((((((((((
( (
2$$5(432amp30
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
6amp02032332
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
$
amp
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
736354+amp3 32
amp020
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
47 7 03293$-8ampamp$22-$-(-80(232
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
0933-2032$-8033
lt
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
477363lt 7 -amp-3$lt$052-amp-$amp(
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
ampamp02+32(3ampamp326$-8$-1amp$20ampampamp
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
899019(=$amp+(107)amp(0amp($(+(8amp(-+-+ampgt()6)-(0amp(amp((0amp((()+-amp+(+(7(lt)amp4(((
((((((((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
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(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
$4gt+8F7-$0+17AB)4-27(6+2(0)(1(1(58(511+()+1()061(-2)+-0(3(0027lt(27()--(4-19(0gtamp20(7001+(74+(2))(C8()-20--19(09(1)162-748((1282()-)+240(gt
64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware40
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$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
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$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
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IT In
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Ac
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n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
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IT In
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Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 19
bull Two sizes of mapsndash Letter-sized (85-in x 11-in) street maps for each participant showing the proposed assessment route
ndash Table-sized large-scale maps (1 in=200 ft preferred) ofthe assessment area for each table of 6ndash8 people
ndash Colored markers stickers and pens to mark up thetable-sized map
ndash Masking tape to hang completed large-scale mapsbull Workshop supplies (sign-in sheet agendas clipboardsnametags safety vests cameras easels with pads and refreshments)
bull Bikeability Assessment Checklists (described in Step 2) todocument observations during the in-field assessment
Review the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Visual PromptsmdashldquoWhat to Look Forrdquo
As described in the previous section the University ofDelaware IPA has produced a narrated presentation ldquoCon-ducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overviewof What to Look forrdquo which can be downloaded from theIPArsquos Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube ChannelWorkshop participants may view the YouTube presentationbefore attending the workshop In addition the presenta-tion should be shown at the workshop before participantsconduct the in-field bikeability assessment This section ofthe assessment tool also provides the Low-Stress BikeabilityVisual Prompt with descriptions of what participantsshould look for during the in-field bikeability assessmentBecause the visual prompts are lengthy participants will receive electronic copies (instead of hard copies) of this section for review prior to the workshop Each prompt iscolor-coded to match topics in the Low-Stress BikeabilityAssessment Checklist that will be distributed and used during the in-field bikeability assessment Topics includeFacilities Network Road Conditions Visibility Intersections and Transit Interaction (see next page fordescriptions)
Use of table-sized map and markers in workshop setting
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
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Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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( (
FA
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Wo
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(
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$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
) 210-+ampamp$ (amp)
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
112879860736354032-+( ampamp 1-(0 0
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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4365049063$-1-(amp 12amp3232
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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2$$5(432amp30
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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(((((((((((((((
( (
6amp02032332
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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$
amp
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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(
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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736354+amp3 32
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
47 7 03293$-8ampamp$22-$-(-80(232
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
0933-2032$-8033
lt
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
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477363lt 7 -amp-3$lt$052-amp-$amp(
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( (
ampamp02+32(3ampamp326$-8$-1amp$20ampampamp
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
899019(=$amp+(107)amp(0amp($(+(8amp(-+-+ampgt()6)-(0amp(amp((0amp((()+-amp+(+(7(lt)amp4(((
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( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
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$
$amp
(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
$4gt+8F7-$0+17AB)4-27(6+2(0)(1(1(58(511+()+1()061(-2)+-0(3(0027lt(27()--(4-19(0gtamp20(7001+(74+(2))(C8()-20--19(09(1)162-748((1282()-)+240(gt
64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
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IT In
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Ac
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n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
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IT In
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Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware20
FACILITIES Focuses on types of bicycle facilities facilitywidth access bike parking safety hazards and facility design features
NETWORK Examines the suitability of the entire roadway network for bicyclists Can a cyclist get from point A topoint B without using a roadway segment that would expose them to significant traffic stress and is that lower-stress route reasonably direct Also does the network sufficiently accommodate ldquointerested but concernedrdquo cyclists or is it geared for the more skilled ldquostrong and fearlessrdquo and ldquoenthusiastic and confidentrdquo cyclists
ROAD CONDITIONS Emphasizes the physical condition of thebicycle facilityrsquos surface common obstructions maintenance issues and concerns This topic also focuseson the behavior of drivers including awareness of cyclistsand observance of speed limits
VISIBILITY Addresses the need for motorists and cyclists toview and be aware of one another on the roadway Highlights the need for appropriate lighting pavement andcaution markings and warning signs
INTERSECTIONS Focuses on the need for the design ofintersections to account for bicyclists Suggests that moderate improvements (eg type and timing of signalscrossing design protected refuge areas) can have a significant impact on levels of felt stress
Two-way protected bicycle lanendashassessment exercise in Newark Del
TRANSIT INTERACTION Focuses on the need to advancemulti-modal connectivity and safe interactions between thebicyclist and public transit
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
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22-A1=4-)A7$(+4$+gt$(9lt$(6+amp$()7-6(9$(9$3$$amp(BC(D($$(3$1(
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((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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8+(744++7+-)$+-9$223-12$3$$$amp3-6A(1()-$$+--0-0(3+(5()5-+-+)5$339-($93-6
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Alt2=)17-4871+1gtamp$+gt1gt9F42+4$-amp++amp4amp+2+-1gt+2+$-11+2(amp(+2$14()$+2amp0amp+(+1gt+6G-)ampampgtgt1amp$-amplt-(1amp(5H(6621+amp(+2Bamp++211-(gt0(+I6
Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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0234-7630546lt$amp=)909gt+0)0$1amp9)$)0-2)amp$$(2381)amp6amp)$amp-$)amp$7$amp$+6amp+2$)07)0)90$amp09)0+)amp3
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D465lt)2)$)amp=)90+71097$amp29amp$$7)22-amp$1$-2)amp$9amp0$1($ampamp(9)077$amp$223
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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( (643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2()($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp($96((
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( (A-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
G--)7)D-12347(E2$55(0$()+)(+112(+(+5()1(amp43+0)(amp)(0$6(8901amp)(02$15(+12(+amp19(42=($3()(0$()2(+=2amp5(amp))amp(2)(20)(amp()(amp-(1+6((
( (
FA
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
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Wo
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$amp
(
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($01718(lt3+(+(amp34(amp)(1)$+3+(lt-9((1)0+(4+$22)$-2)=)0(+051+gt1)$9+3+(lt(amp$)3ltamp0(+0)amp0(1)amp()6(
$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Wo
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$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
) 210-+ampamp$ (amp)
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
112879860736354032-+( ampamp 1-(0 0
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
4365049063$-1-(amp 12amp3232
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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(((((((((((((((
( (
2$$5(432amp30
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
6amp02032332
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
$
amp
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
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( (
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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(((((((((((((((
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47 7 03293$-8ampamp$22-$-(-80(232
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
0933-2032$-8033
lt
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
477363lt 7 -amp-3$lt$052-amp-$amp(
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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ampamp02+32(3ampamp326$-8$-1amp$20ampampamp
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
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2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
899019(=$amp+(107)amp(0amp($(+(8amp(-+-+ampgt()6)-(0amp(amp((0amp((()+-amp+(+(7(lt)amp4(((
((((((((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
$amp
(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
$4gt+8F7-$0+17AB)4-27(6+2(0)(1(1(58(511+()+1()061(-2)+-0(3(0027lt(27()--(4-19(0gtamp20(7001+(74+(2))(C8()-20--19(09(1)162-748((1282()-)+240(gt
64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
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$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 21
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts
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Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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8+(744++7+-)$+-9$223-12$3$$$amp3-6A(1()-$$+--0-0(3+(5()5-+-+)5$339-($93-6
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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($01718(lt3+(+(amp34(amp)(1)$+3+(lt-9((1)0+(4+$22)$-2)=)0(+051+gt1)$9+3+(lt(amp$)3ltamp0(+0)amp0(1)amp()6(
$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
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No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
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112879860736354032-+( ampamp 1-(0 0
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4365049063$-1-(amp 12amp3232
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6amp02032332
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(((((((((((((((
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6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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0933-2032$-8033
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ampamp02+32(3ampamp326$-8$-1amp$20ampampamp
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2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
899019(=$amp+(107)amp(0amp($(+(8amp(-+-+ampgt()6)-(0amp(amp((0amp((()+-amp+(+(7(lt)amp4(((
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Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
$amp
(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
$4gt+8F7-$0+17AB)4-27(6+2(0)(1(1(58(511+()+1()061(-2)+-0(3(0027lt(27()--(4-19(0gtamp20(7001+(74+(2))(C8()-20--19(09(1)162-748((1282()-)+240(gt
64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
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Planning for complete communities in delaware22
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware28
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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ecTI
on
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
$amp()+-amp01234-+5$$amp()+$$-(-(+(+0(11(1-12$3$4)-)03-(1-0$)-2$(+1)(amp5$2223$)-2(amp$+6
6334)-(744++782$3$$-amp9-)--+49-$+(+(-amp$0$11$23()$amp($93-6+$-amp3-4(2)(-9)$0-4223$amp--$0-53lt6=(5-gt-)4-)-$+(5(2)(-)--1)(amp-9$lt-3+-(22--(+-$0-012$3$6
8+(744++7+-)$+-9$223-12$3$$$amp3-6A(1()-$$+--0-0(3+(5()5-+-+)5$339-($93-6
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 23
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
cIL
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S
$amp$$
()
+ $)-0)120)345)6705489)0)-079)7-)78489lt2=)gt-487-48)))$amp($)$(+-amp+amp01amp0+(amp(12-3+-+-140amp1amp+()amp-(+3-(5(amp+$41$amp(16
-)Alt2=)B45)C71578(59amp$amp1amp+()1$501-amp$56amp1lt+1+amp5(0(99($414+amp091(+19(lt(-(-amp$56
Alt2=)B45)C71578(5amp$5++-140amp+)1amp$$++amp04+6=0amp)2-lt(lt1gt1(+19$1amp$1lt-($-11$5amp(56
B45)1507)1(0amp$10amp01$509amp$(()1+1amp($)$6ampgt1(009A19A$-ampB106C)4+94(-(B-Aamp99($ampamp+amp0gtamp$+lt-gt1gt1$5-((5+911Bgt(10+19(2+4$-amp+14+(019199($4(0(B+amp0amp+(+1gt+6
-)Alt2=)17-487Damp$5+amp0(99($41amp$$++211$1+14(0(B+11-1+4$(1+194)4((E211419-ltamp)91amp(B940+(amp(1+6
Alt2=)17-4871+1gtamp$+gt1gt9F42+4$-amp++amp4amp+2+-1gt+2+$-11+2(amp(+2$14()$+2amp0amp+(+1gt+6G-)ampampgtgt1amp$-amplt-(1amp(5H(6621+amp(+2Bamp++211-(gt0(+I6
Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
cIL
ITIe
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware42
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-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
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on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
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Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
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IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
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))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
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IT In
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n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
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Alt2=)17-4871+1gtamp$+gt1gt9F42+4$-amp++amp4amp+2+-1gt+2+$-11+2(amp(+2$14()$+2amp0amp+(+1gt+6G-)ampampgtgt1amp$-amplt-(1amp(5H(6621+amp(+2Bamp++211-(gt0(+I6
Planning for complete communities in delaware24
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
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+ -)012034)30546)72)12)0)14851-2)5905)1)lt4=425)gt059-739)9006)gt-)8A81656B)$ampamp(ampamp)+amp-$0$1$$-2)amp$amp34$)amp0ampamp-$0amp+$1$5)6$)amp00$amp)2-7$amp$+6389amp)$)amp()$2$0amp+$1$9)077$amp90$+0222$-2)amp$9)$)0$(23
0234-7630546lt$amp=)909gt+0)0$1amp9)$)0-2)amp$$(2381)amp6amp)$amp-$)amp$7$amp$+6amp+2$)07)0)90$amp09)0+)amp3
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D465lt)2)$)amp=)90+71097$amp29amp$$7)22-amp$1$-2)amp$9amp0$1($ampamp(9)077$amp$223
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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(D643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2(2)($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp(amp$96((
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( ( (643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(0+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(2)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(3()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
G--)E6F243)D-12347(gt2=amp5(42(3+0()(3+-5(0+(+5()(amp-(1+6(amp(amp11(+112(5amp=()2(23()amp(522(amp1(amp=amp(0901amp)(3+0()2()+9(01+(2()(5+2$(amp43+0)(A26((
G-1)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(31+05()()+amp0(+5(amp-(1+6(amp(1amp4amp)(0+(522(24(amp(235(2)2()(amp-(1+(+5(32)0)(0901amp)(24(42=amp(0+6(
( (643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2()($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp($96((
$8HAH-9)E6lt-0)-67-17(D24(5amp(+)$(2$15((3)($)(31+05(2$)amp5(2()(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp6(E10)2(+5($43(0+(+1)(5amp=()2()+9(2$)(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(+(12(+(+(amp0901()amp(amp11(2)(amp)(2(2()(+)$(+5($1)(amp(+(+00amp5)6((
( (A-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
G--)7)D-12347(E2$55(0$()+)(+112(+(+5()1(amp43+0)(amp)(0$6(8901amp)(02$15(+12(+amp19(42=($3()(0$()2(+=2amp5(amp))amp(2)(20)(amp()(amp-(1+6((
( (
FA
cIL
ITIe
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +-(--(012(0345(-167189((-(37lt2lt=-(0lt7=72gt($amp())+(-+((amp0(+0)amp(1$(2)amp23)$0+4)+((1amp51(amp(1)+4)(+0$(+amp067(1)8+)-(1)amp()9)amp))3)6
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computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
$$amp$()
+ -)012034)30546)72)12)0)14851-2)5905)1)lt4=425)gt059-739)9006)gt-)8A81656B)$ampamp(ampamp)+amp-$0$1$$-2)amp$amp34$)amp0ampamp-$0amp+$1$5)6$)amp00$amp)2-7$amp$+6389amp)$)amp()$2$0amp+$1$9)077$amp90$+0222$-2)amp$9)$)0$(23
0234-7630546lt$amp=)909gt+0)0$1amp9)$)0-2)amp$$(2381)amp6amp)$amp-$)amp$7$amp$+6amp+2$)07)0)90$amp09)0+)amp3
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 25
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
FA
cIL
ITIe
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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(EA-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(+0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
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( ( (643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(0+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(2)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(3()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
G--)E6F243)D-12347(gt2=amp5(42(3+0()(3+-5(0+(+5()(amp-(1+6(amp(amp11(+112(5amp=()2(23()amp(522(amp1(amp=amp(0901amp)(3+0()2()+9(01+(2()(5+2$(amp43+0)(A26((
G-1)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(31+05()()+amp0(+5(amp-(1+6(amp(1amp4amp)(0+(522(24(amp(235(2)2()(amp-(1+(+5(32)0)(0901amp)(24(42=amp(0+6(
( (643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2()($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp($96((
$8HAH-9)E6lt-0)-67-17(D24(5amp(+)$(2$15((3)($)(31+05(2$)amp5(2()(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp6(E10)2(+5($43(0+(+1)(5amp=()2()+9(2$)(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(+(12(+(+(amp0901()amp(amp11(2)(amp)(2(2()(+)$(+5($1)(amp(+(+00amp5)6((
( (A-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
G--)7)D-12347(E2$55(0$()+)(+112(+(+5()1(amp43+0)(amp)(0$6(8901amp)(02$15(+12(+amp19(42=($3()(0$()2(+=2amp5(amp))amp(2)(20)(amp()(amp-(1+6((
( (
FA
cIL
ITIe
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +-(--(012(0345(-167189((-(37lt2lt=-(0lt7=72gt($amp())+(-+((amp0(+0)amp(1$(2)amp23)$0+4)+((1amp51(amp(1)+4)(+0$(+amp067(1)8+)-(1)amp()9)amp))3)6
($01718(lt3+(+(amp34(amp)(1)$+3+(lt-9((1)0+(4+$22)$-2)=)0(+051+gt1)$9+3+(lt(amp$)3ltamp0(+0)amp0(1)amp()6(
$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
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(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
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lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
112879860736354032-+( ampamp 1-(0 0
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
4365049063$-1-(amp 12amp3232
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
2$$5(432amp30
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
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( (
6amp02032332
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
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(((((((((((((((
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6
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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$
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
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(((((((((((((((
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0933-2032$-8033
lt
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( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
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2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
899019(=$amp+(107)amp(0amp($(+(8amp(-+-+ampgt()6)-(0amp(amp((0amp((()+-amp+(+(7(lt)amp4(((
((((((((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
$amp
(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
$4gt+8F7-$0+17AB)4-27(6+2(0)(1(1(58(511+()+1()061(-2)+-0(3(0027lt(27()--(4-19(0gtamp20(7001+(74+(2))(C8()-20--19(09(1)162-748((1282()-)+240(gt
64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware40
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$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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IT In
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n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Planning for complete communities in delaware26
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
$$amp$()
+ ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )$amp()+)(amp-(+0amp1amp)amp(+(01+(2(32amp1(021amp0)(amp(amp432)+)()2($amp()+)(+00amp5)(+(5$056(
(D643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(120+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(02)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(23()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
(D643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2(2)($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp(amp$96((
(EA-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(+0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
( (
)
+ -)--)0-1234)5-67-1)6)869)60-1-9)655-lt)lt9lt21)165-9)=-+3+gt)lt71gt)622431gt)640A)A-)17lt7-1BC)$amp()+)(amp-(+0amp1amp)amp(+(01+(2(32amp1(021amp0)(amp(amp432)+)()2($amp()+)(+00amp5)(+(5$056(
( ( (643-A71)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(0+)5(5amp0)19(+5+0)()2(amp-(1+(0+)amp(+(2)+)()+)()2(0901amp)6(ltamp=(02$15(+amp19(3()amp(522(2)2(+(3+amp(0901amp)(+5(0+$(+)(amp$96(((
G--)E6F243)D-12347(gt2=amp5(42(3+0()(3+-5(0+(+5()(amp-(1+6(amp(amp11(+112(5amp=()2(23()amp(522(amp1(amp=amp(0901amp)(3+0()2()+9(01+(2()(5+2$(amp43+0)(A26((
G-1)E6F243)D-12347(8+(3+-amp(amp(31+05()()+amp0(+5(amp-(1+6(amp(1amp4amp)(0+(522(24(amp(235(2)2()(amp-(1+(+5(32)0)(0901amp)(24(42=amp(0+6(
( (643-A71)D-1234)-67-17(gt2)(+amp1amp($43B2$)(2()($C30)5(amp435amp4)(amp0(+(amp()(+9(2(0901(+0amp1amp)amp(0+((+amp19(amp)(9(0901amp)($1)amp(amp($96((
$8HAH-9)E6lt-0)-67-17(D24(5amp(+)$(2$15((3)($)(31+05(2$)amp5(2()(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp6(E10)2(+5($43(0+(+1)(5amp=()2()+9(2$)(2(amp0901(+0amp1amp)amp(+(12(+(+(amp0901()amp(amp11(2)(amp)(2(2()(+)$(+5($1)(amp(+(+00amp5)6((
( (A-862lt)7)D-12347(Famp(0$()+)(+(012()2(amp-(0amp1amp)9(0+(=(+(5+2$(2)+01()+)(02$15(+amp19(()$0-(9(42=amp(35+1(+5()amp6((
G--)7)D-12347(E2$55(0$()+)(+112(+(+5()1(amp43+0)(amp)(0$6(8901amp)(02$15(+12(+amp19(42=($3()(0$()2(+=2amp5(amp))amp(2)(20)(amp()(amp-(1+6((
( (
FA
cIL
ITIe
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +-(--(012(0345(-167189((-(37lt2lt=-(0lt7=72gt($amp())+(-+((amp0(+0)amp(1$(2)amp23)$0+4)+((1amp51(amp(1)+4)(+0$(+amp067(1)8+)-(1)amp()9)amp))3)6
($01718(lt3+(+(amp34(amp)(1)$+3+(lt-9((1)0+(4+$22)$-2)=)0(+051+gt1)$9+3+(lt(amp$)3ltamp0(+0)amp0(1)amp()6(
$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
) 210-+ampamp$ (amp)
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
112879860736354032-+( ampamp 1-(0 0
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
4365049063$-1-(amp 12amp3232
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
2$$5(432amp30
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
6amp02032332
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
$
amp
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
736354+amp3 32
amp020
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
47 7 03293$-8ampamp$22-$-(-80(232
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
0933-2032$-8033
lt
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
477363lt 7 -amp-3$lt$052-amp-$amp(
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
ampamp02+32(3ampamp326$-8$-1amp$20ampampamp
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
899019(=$amp+(107)amp(0amp($(+(8amp(-+-+ampgt()6)-(0amp(amp((0amp((()+-amp+(+(7(lt)amp4(((
((((((((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
$amp
(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
$4gt+8F7-$0+17AB)4-27(6+2(0)(1(1(58(511+()+1()061(-2)+-0(3(0027lt(27()--(4-19(0gtamp20(7001+(74+(2))(C8()-20--19(09(1)162-748((1282()-)+240(gt
64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
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$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 27
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +-(--(012(0345(-167189((-(37lt2lt=-(0lt7=72gt($amp())+(-+((amp0(+0)amp(1$(2)amp23)$0+4)+((1amp51(amp(1)+4)(+0$(+amp067(1)8+)-(1)amp()9)amp))3)6
($01718(lt3+(+(amp34(amp)(1)$+3+(lt-9((1)0+(4+$22)$-2)=)0(+051+gt1)$9+3+(lt(amp$)3ltamp0(+0)amp0(1)amp()6(
$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
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computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
$amp
(
) +-(--(012(0345(-167189((-(37lt2lt=-(0lt7=72gt($amp())+(-+((amp0(+0)amp(1$(2)amp23)$0+4)+((1amp51(amp(1)+4)(+0$(+amp067(1)8+)-(1)amp()9)amp))3)6
($01718(lt3+(+(amp34(amp)(1)$+3+(lt-9((1)0+(4+$22)$-2)=)0(+051+gt1)$9+3+(lt(amp$)3ltamp0(+0)amp0(1)amp()6(
$01718(+A)B$0)C04D+502amp=+4)8$0+05(1$((1)$+3+(lt8+334+$22)$9(4amp0amp($33amp8(1)lt3+($0$3()0$(+=)8$ltamp($=)3+05-$04(1)lt2amp=+4)8$0+05$(ampamp3$()amp(1)lt3+((amp$amp0(amp(1))04+056
7-(A01-(0-1(B-(32(41718(A01-(+A)3$0)4+$22)$81)0$22amp$1+05+0())(+amp0(amp$A)ampampamp$0$(amp+51(E(03$0)6(
(
Planning for complete communities in delaware28
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
neT
Wo
rk
$amp
(
) +(-0(12304(536370(68978(211(3609405634($ampamp()amp(+(-ampamp(0-(1(0(amp(-(1-$(23(23(amp(21(0(3amp234((5$$(233(23(0(20(amp6((
( (+453637747($ampamp(-8$39(23(0(2-(339(0(3amp23(2(32(0-8(-($-(2(233(0(-8$(23(0(20(amp6((
lt3637747(lt($-3amp(-(23ampamp3(23(+20(ampamp(21(0(3amp234(amp2((amp($-(-amp(2(50($ampamp(amp02$(amp-1$(-8$6(((
((((((((((((((
( (
No Bike Lane Present
Bike Lane Present
) 210-+ampamp$ (amp)
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
112879860736354032-+( ampamp 1-(0 0
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
4365049063$-1-(amp 12amp3232
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
2$$5(432amp30
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
6amp02032332
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
$
amp
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
736354+amp3 32
amp020
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
47 7 03293$-8ampamp$22-$-(-80(232
6
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
0933-2032$-8033
lt
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
477363lt 7 -amp-3$lt$052-amp-$amp(
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
ampamp02+32(3ampamp326$-8$-1amp$20ampampamp
(
( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( (
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ((
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ((
(((((((((((((((
( (
2amp432amp3012amp
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
neT
Wo
rk
$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
899019(=$amp+(107)amp(0amp($(+(8amp(-+-+ampgt()6)-(0amp(amp((0amp((()+-amp+(+(7(lt)amp4(((
((((((((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
$amp
(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
$4gt+8F7-$0+17AB)4-27(6+2(0)(1(1(58(511+()+1()061(-2)+-0(3(0027lt(27()--(4-19(0gtamp20(7001+(74+(2))(C8()-20--19(09(1)162-748((1282()-)+240(gt
64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
$amp
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 29
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
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computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
$
amp$()(
+- 012345650577899013292lt901967=$amp()+(amp(-+)+amp+-amp+((0-amp0(1(+2amp01(($amp(+(-3amp4(56)-(amp-6()+(amp()+0(7($amp-0(-3amp(+(7(0(amp+amp0(077-)(+amp(8$amp+($--+2(1+ampamp+(107)amp4((
( ((gt639(amp+((1lt(0(lt$amp()0ampamp(+2amp01()6)-+2(amp+-0+amp+($()+(10+(-0amp(-+(077-)(0()1amp()6)-((7-lt(amp0($amp-0($+amp04((
899019(=$amp+(107)amp(0amp($(+(8amp(-+-+ampgt()6)-(0amp(amp((0amp((()+-amp+(+(7(lt)amp4(((
((((((((((((((
( (
Planning for complete communities in delaware30
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
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ITIo
nS
$
$amp
(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
C12-D4gt-47-8+4E1))-(12-(7lt0(2)+2(0)(1(-(8))((14+-0(18)322-2255280--)92-(gt
C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
$4gt+8F7-$0+17AB)4-27(6+2(0)(1(1(58(511+()+1()061(-2)+-0(3(0027lt(27()--(4-19(0gtamp20(7001+(74+(2))(C8()-20--19(09(1)162-748((1282()-)+240(gt
64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware42
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amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
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$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
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IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
$
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(() +--012-34516117-3+-3+89-8074567-))lt-64=7lt-7gt8lt-15lt-+8527lt-0+17lt-+-61907lt-5)AB-amp()+-0(1(2)-(345402-6-(478-()-(1-15520)(-7)(89(118)-(7682))87(18lt-()-20=1gt
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C12-D4gt-8-64+E60(9(6)36-)2)3-(16)-(1)-810(0(7()---1()-0()(8-5-(+2(0)(7(519(14255280-1(--19(1(+4+240(gt
$4gt+8F7-$0+17AB)4-27(6+2(0)(1(1(58(511+()+1()061(-2)+-0(3(0027lt(27()--(4-19(0gtamp20(7001+(74+(2))(C8()-20--19(09(1)162-748((1282()-)+240(gt
64gt-C12-D4gt7A-D2(0)(80+()2-()-043(lt-)0()(-1(-(5(()921)7()-2)32402-74-19(0gt
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 31
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
$
amp$()(
+- $012340550067809442lt710=570gt5=00gt42627$amp())+$$-()$)0$11$23$01-1$)$4(2$amp(1+15$6$1$7)$)$138$-()$($1(47+8$1$$)0$11$-(1)$+$3+)$+4(+amp+1$($+2+$31)0$$$-(9$-2-7)1)$77$+1$7$)$)(+8$1$(05$$$
$ $$250ltAgt9=00gtB26275$lt0+8$-()$-(1$0+8(3)$(0$-+01+)9$(+$0(4()$($3+=7$1$-7)72$7gt$($-2-7)1)$($(40$amp7$)1+8$1amp$$1$+0$($1$()5$$
=00gtCB2627850A30$()$($1(47+8$1$$)7$-9$ampgt+8$1$))=7$($-2-7)1)$1$)72$+0$)72$)($1$(0$1$1amp5$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
Planning for complete communities in delaware32
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
ITIo
nS
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
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IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
$
amp$()(
+- 0123456718635903476lt88lt89=1gt3$ampamp()amp$+$ampamp-)$012($3$245$3$546427$84642$012($3$amp)amp4)5$9($($2+($+$ampamp-2(2$)5$(4($(0$9($42amp($)$($457$$
$ $(919A978545$5464$3642lt$21amp$2$)=)lt$+--9)$($amp-2-lt$4$)($465)$)1$2amp$9)$22)lt$4$=$5(44)(2$+4$2()($ampamp-2(27$2$amp()2$+-$(4())$)5$amp)$3$64$5)412$+4$(2$)$3ampamp-27$$
amp5671863B3476lt$gt465)$($-2($$+($9)$22)lt$--9)$ampamp-2(2$($ampamp1$($45$9(1($)$+40$+$4220)($9--$)3-$ampamp-2(2$($+-$2+7$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 33
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
Ad
co
nd
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$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
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ecTI
on
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Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
$
amp$()(
+- 012345267898360lt==7lt=2gt7838gt23A$amp$()+-($012amp-30-$3)$1)1-45-6327
amp26B2gt783C8gtD238$$35595+9(+-($5$19(9(2(0((23242-$3$73-$$(9$6$$)3242-$3$313314(3$653(3$2$7
amp26E683C8gtD2326)F383D238lt0$2$$636$(3(9amp$+-($$3amp(()-($7=1$5$$9()amp$3133242-$3$gt12($-4)3$9$592amp37
Planning for complete communities in delaware34
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
ro
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$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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on
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(123-(4560(2574(89-(112544(9(4(05124lt=gt4-5374(37gt(51(-43((($amp($)(+-(+)(-$+-(-+-0$((($1222$amp3++($+$$(45
99-(545A52567+0$2+amp(-84()$+)9-(amp--)32($amp-+amp))2-+(+($+$$(4574+(0+$amp+-8+2+$9-(amp--)32(($-83$3(lt4$4+(4-84(=$=lt5
$-6gt-$+)13+amp--($+((-8+($9-(+-$amp-+($+))2-+(+amp-)+5$02lt413-2amp-8+4+22+(1)9amp)(0$$-+-1-2-(-$+)120$02+lt4(-+$3amp(4)$5
$46(+)(-$+)1amp+-8amp($22$lt223++($+-2+amp1+574-+amp+-8$)+)+($9lt-amp(3+$amp-+)$++1-9amp0amp+(-)-2-(-+00amp-)32222$lt-8+-+-84(2-+5
(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 35
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
$amp
(
)+ (-0(123-243(-056356-(-(4-20(728(9212-lt=($amp()+-$-)01+23+4)4-510amp6$107-)$-61)4018(9-91-$$4)1)10(0amp)0-41+2
gt550(11624-254lt=5$-6)-$1-0)19--69-7)40-864091-505)109-$10919-2
11A2-(gt-gt)))5$7$(1$)$))07015-67)40--amp10--2
Planning for complete communities in delaware36
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
$amp
(
)+ -(0-(12345(256(72895(9lt5(2=5lt(0(-26gt2($amp()+)-ampamp)00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+4052(amp+$)61+amp3(amp5(7+5+$(11$++89(1$1515$amp1($5(21(+$amp$16(1+101amp30)0+$+50(1$1+3110amp$1(+ampamp51+amp3$(218
A2956($9B(C2-B95lt(lt(7+00amp12(1$)amp3+$)1+8=6$151+)amp)-1101++()0amp01$($15(1+4-$-7130$1++amp5-101()(715$amp1+(1$$121()amp151(+$5+ampgt$1)(1$amp-1+158(
5-795(C2-B95lt(lt(7$1(+10$amp+gt$+amp56$$amp0$$1$amp$amp$11+101++()$amp1+(1$$5(21(+(1gt(1amp3gt1(1$ampampamp73amp(0)0+$+81+1amp3(1310$amp(+amp($+3amp(-1$$1($2+-$)+1+610)1638((((
D2-595lt(9lt5++gt$)1ampgt-07(amp5+21gt(13310$41$$amp0$$1$amp$amp(50amp5$amp+81+1++(11+610)6amp($$(1+gt1(1$amp(5+gtamp5amp$amp$1(gt+1-166(1$81+1++(1+131($5(21(+$amp6amp++-1-0)010amp30$+8
Elt8=2-(9lt5(A+gt$gt$1-07(amp5+21(1$amp()13310$41$$6amp+11(1+$(0$amp+8amp1+(1$$amp$amp(+$+50)0+$+(151($ampgt+(1$15$amp0)0+$0$amp5+31$)4$1+1+++$-12+-1501($(ampamp$$1-711$gtamp(7+amp+$amp1+)13amp(01$1gt+8(
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 37
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
$amp
(
)+ -(0-1213(42314(56478(07(17-0194(018(8-204lt($amp$()+$-amp$amp$)0amp($-1))2amp)amp)33)4526amp$($amp2352$)232(+)+$55$$6)7amp$-6amp2)89+ampamp32amp1)8$8amp$5amp$($)8$amp)2$2$5ampamp0amp-2amp22amp)$5$8amp9
=0-1213(gt6-(-2-4lt=)8amp24$8)8)0amp2($+32-5)1ampamp)$55-)$amp$23+)8+$33)252(0))6)5)-1)))$59
=0-12134(gt6-(9A2474ltgt5amp)8-5)2amp$amp$)0amp($-))2$2amp4amp+$+amp-72(2522724322)65amp$8amp9((
B2--6-4lt$))22)26amp)84amp2+amp5ampamp$2464)5)81+amp-$$526ampamp52-amp$)ampamp)29+amp-5)$-+$0amp2($))$)0amp65)21)2$+amp5amp4amp+$+amp-$ampamp$-2ampamp9
Planning for complete communities in delaware38
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
(
VIS
IBIL
ITy
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234456)758937)3669)42)lt56=657)gt1gt197)$$amp()+((-+0-12-2345-2(2552124-2amp($2+46-125-)5252(2amp5-526-(52$$amp25620-((7+28
amp02)amp58937A9$72(125-355-)()+(5(72(55-2(255524--5125-35$-+-)8((2(02amp++460-55$-5-(23-64727)-4(35amp+26253252-++42(3226-6256(60-558
B5C1)amp58937A)92++452(2amp5-(3++12(02amp$amp()+0(2($-amp4amp+(56-126258(3++2amp252672-$amp-$+amp5(2amp-52235amp(022(5(8)))
D2119EF31)5gt5987A$$amp()+(amp72(25$-5212)2(022-$amp4amp+(5((52-$amp(lt28)8=gtAB8(amp252(21-6253ampamp4amp+)(2amp-)272amp-62($(526-22$$amp2551)8C2amp)526-5-$(5-0(55amp4amp+(5(125-62(15+6)amp4amp+)6-255amp5126-2-$5(0-55-8
)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 39
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
InTe
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on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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ecTI
on
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The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Planning for complete communities in delaware40
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)01)234)5637895093)027795)6lt30=)gt93)95458A56==93)B12==C)$amp()+-((+$01-+(2234)0501$-+($)6+(6-)$)+0$()$)(+3+7(++5()(-77$0$)$(-715+-+-+-8
637895093)D6lt30=9()71$0$)6()(00+4)0-+-)3amp$-+amp(+5$)6((+(6-)$)+0$()--$8lt$0+-0()7$()=-(4(5$13(4(=-)32()$-1-66+$()=-0-+-2(23-+()30501$8
63A637895093)D6lt30=9gt)0501$-(0+(+-77$0(+(+(6-)$)+0$()=$$amp(0+-+-77$0$6)-1-)3$$)620$7$0(0()8+$)6$$=-11((+$01-+(2238
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 41
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)012)3224)5223)673767824)9)lt=ltgt70)0)0)332lt27gt=A))$amp()+amp-))+-0)01amp()amp-)20))$+(amp()331))4+))amp2)+-)+)5+1)5)6)+-3+amp7))
)
)
B3705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)-3)+)$amp-)01amp--))-3)lt)=$(=)=)+))-+60)-))61amp-)+)gtamp-amp-7))
))
amp705gt2)73C)D27C38)9)gtamp-amp-)4=)01amp--)=+lt)=amp)4)1+)=)6)+)+6)=)amp-amp)+)+-)))))--)=)amp2)1+)6)+0)+-)5ltamp()=)-3)+))5+2amp()=)3+lt5))+114)01amp--))5lt)=$(=)4amp=$)-33amp()amp-)lt0)$-6$17)gt=amp-)+114-)01amp--))23)=amp)55$57)$=5)5+0)01amp--)+1+0)=+lt)+)0))$)=-)03-)6)1amp(=)-3-A)5ltamp()=)+amp)4amp11)+)-amp-0)+)3amp+10))01amp-)=+ltamp7))
))
) )
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
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Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Planning for complete communities in delaware42
$
amp()
+ -)00)-10-23)4-2551675)58)82-)4940155))$amp()amp+amp+$-amp(((0amp-)112amp+1+(amp34(0)+)1+3()+5
lt65=1gt0)5176673amp89$lt1(81)()+2amp-+(+1=amp)amp3+)+-amp(11)+)+amp4(09amp+amp5gt0($amp13amp-+amp()amp(1-amp(((0amp()+8)amp(-amp)1lt)$5
-6gt0amp-0(()1(+14$((1+)1+0(0amp()+)11)amp1+)-0(+-amp4(01(0+2-(1amp(amp)(0amp()++amp5gt0)amp2amp(()amp)1-amp((-((0amp()+5
5612amp)-9amp(4ampamp()++)ampamp3(1)amp+(amp+11(0+3amp2amp)1-5gt0amp()++)ampampA+($amp)amp3+)(13)amp(119amp()+2amp5
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 43
$amp
$(amp)
+ -)010)2)3140506)-3250)7809)80)4lt0-)2=6gt41)0682=)10AB0)8-C2=6D)4)258C820)-20)514--8=B)4)5E5C8--)2=6)3060-182=-F)$$amp()+(+-)$+))-0-)11(20301$($130)()4
G=3140506)14--8=BH5(amp6$+())-7()6)$++60301$)-1$+-+)0)($+78$+2$09(7)(-)()06(211(+76$+02$(-+3)(0$(++6amp390(amp113-+91(0)((+9-3)4)
I0682=lt11(20301$+66)$+(0)()()13+62$()+(()-+$3(0(+$+-0)($+7))$001)64
J80)J4lt=301$)91(amp(gt()(+(--)61$74$$+0)$)gt$$9$1$3+6+91)1-)+4
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
)
InTe
rS
ecTI
on
S
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Planning for complete communities in delaware44
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 012345161718894473ltlt488=74gt8178798$amp$(amp)+$-amp$-0012$amp$13amp$1$-+amp41-)1+$1$5167)amp$2)1$)+()+$1+$1$amp4-5amp8$$
$ $ $A8848amplt91ltgt789ampamp$51331+0$1lt-=$)=$0-+amp8$)=amp$+$3amp$amp14$)+($$amp$1$+$$0-+amp$1$-)58$$
779$)=$0-+$-amp$-$4-)+($amp14$amp)4$-$amp$amp14amp$1$)+()5-$-$550)ampamp$3amp$)0($1$4(amp)-+amp8$)amp$amp-0)ampamp$1($-+($amp-8$
879$)=$0-+$-+($amp$amp14$-$4amp)5-00$amp4--(gt$0)3)+-)+$-+$amp4-5$1$51+0)58$$$$
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
$ $
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 45
$
ampamp$(
)amp$
+- 0123454674489987038lt=-gt-7lt23A73gt8lt087gtB7007lt30lt08AltC$amp()+-))01)2()2)03)2+)445)++4)2)3)01)amp)03)467))
) ) )D374lt8$amp()+-)2)2)01)2)03)2+))-6)2)3)292))amp4)+42)025)01)amp)03))6)amp)-27))
D3684lt82)3)59)--)03)2+)06)01))-46)-32()2)517)lt1)6)0)42))=gt)93))amp67)2)+24)2)+$amp)-3)4-1)2)+2-2)01))29)42)amp)2927
79Alt8A9)0-6-4))445amp))2B)2))amp$04)2)-2)+-)59)-6-42)-)46)3$)29)01)2)29)-7
))
)
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (continued)
TrA
nS
IT In
Ter
Ac
TIo
n
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
computers as well as on iOS and Android smartphones andtablets Maps and points of interest may be shared as pictureswith group members In addition the app allows users tosketch ideas on top of maps turn onoff data layers to getclearer unobstructed views of bikeability assessment areasand zoom inout to create maps of a more appropriate scale
Crowdsourcing and Social Media
Collaborative online mapping platforms such as WikiMapsallow for collection of data from actual bike riders within aspecific area DelDOT used WikiMaps bikeatthebeachcomto better understand preferred bike routes ride experiencesand route barriers or challenges for bicyclists in Delawarebeach communities The information is being used to producemaps to help direct less-experienced cyclists and families tosafer more comfortable routes Information will also helpidentify opportunities for low-stress improvements to the
Consider Supplemental Data-CollectionMethods
Step 1 The Pre-Assessment supports the use of tools designedand produced by IPA including a narrated PowerPoint presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo and theBikeability Assessment Visual Prompts (previous section)These tools are designed to help participants become familiarwith bikeability concepts and conditions before data arecollected during the in-field assessment using the BikeabilityAssessment Checklist Designated workshop leadersfacilitatorsmay also wish to supplement the use of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist with other alternative data methodswhich are briefly described below It should be noted thatbecause technology continues to evolve there will continueto be new innovative and interactive methods of data-collection options available to assess the low-stress bikeability of an area
Advanced GIS Technology
With the advent of new capabilities in Geographic InformationSystems (GIS) mapping tools have become both more powerful and accessible Explorer for ArcGIS is a freedownloadable digital-map browser available from ESRI thesame developer that sells high-end GIS software to manyprofessional planning agencies However unlike the costlyprofessional software version the free general-purpose mapping application (app) is available for use on desktop
Planning for complete communities in delaware
WikiMapping was used to gather data on biking in Delawarersquos resorts
46
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
importing and displaying geographic points of interestUsers can also add photos to associated points on a map
Bike Scoretrade
Similar to Walk Scorereg Bike Scoretrade measures whether alocation is good for biking on a scale from 0ndash100 based onfour equally weighted components 1) bike lanes 2) hills 3)destinations and road connectivity and 4) bike-commutingmode share Bike Scoretrade continues to be refined and evolveWhile itrsquos not readily available for most locations in Delawareitrsquos poised to become an important supplemental data sourceto help communities assess the bikeability and quality ofbike infrastructure
bicycle network This online public-input tool could easilybe used to supplement in-field bikeability-assessment datawith actual user experience display results of an in-field assessment or track interested usersrsquo preferred routes andconcerns over time
To foster real-time dialogue and collaboration on issues ofconcern local governments are harnessing the power of social media Facebook Twitter and other platforms can be used to identify problem areas such as bikeability conditions Instagram the photo-oriented social media appis being used by public entities to document the appearanceand location of infrastructure issues Crowdsourcingmdashengaging the crowd to identify or develop innovative solutions to public problemsmdashis also becoming a viabledata-collection tool in the public sector Cities have usedcrowdsourcing to report infrastructure conditions hazardous-traffic zones and map ldquonear-missrdquo accident trouble spots
Google Street View amp Google Maps
One of the most accessible commonly used and simplestmapping tools is Google Maps with Google Street ViewUsers can type in a street address and click on the StreetView icon to view of a particular street segment or intersection It is an excellent tool for covering larger areaswithout having to physically organize a group to conductan in-field bikeability assessment and may prove useful inprioritizing potential assessment areas Both are capable of
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool
Google Street View in Smyrna Del
47
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
planning for Complete Communities in Delaware48
Step 2 the Low-StreSS
BikeaBiLity aSSeSSment
Facilitate the workshop
The facilitated-workshop setting provides an opportunityfor participants to learn more about what constitutes a low-stress environment for the majority of bicyclists who areldquointerested but concernedrdquo riders Once participants arrivesign-in and informal introductions are made the designated workshop leaderfacilitator should show the narrated presentation and explain the process for observingand documenting bikeability conditions
The in-field bikeability assessment allows participants toevaluate actual bikeability conditions of the selected areaand ldquowalk and talkrdquo about observations with workshopleaders and participants It is followed by a debriefing andmapping exercise that allows participants to share ideas andviewpoints connect with other stakeholders explore anddocument current bikeability conditions gain new perspectives and gain consensus about improvementsstrategies
Prior to the workshop
The workshop leaderfacilitator should contact participantsvia email to do the following
bull Affirm the date time and location of the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment workshop
bull Attach to the email an electronic copy of the workshopagenda and Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment VisualPrompts Ask participants to review the prompts prior toattending the workshop to become familiar with ldquowhatto look forrdquo during the in-field assessment
bull Remind participants to wear comfortable shoes and clothing appropriate for the weather
The workshop leaderfacilitator should also
bull Enlist volunteers (or key committee membersstaff) to arrive at the workshop at least 45 minutes early to helpgreet and sign in participants distribute hand-outs andset up materials and refreshments
bull Designate key roles (such as in-field group leaders photographers and workshop presentersfacilitators)
bull Download (on a laptop computer or USB device) the narrated presentation on ldquoConducting a Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Lookforrdquomdashavailable online on IPArsquos Delaware CompleteCommunities Planning Toolbox and Complete Communities YouTube Channel
One-hour before the workshop
bull Set up the equipment to show the narrated presentationbull Arrange tableschairs to accommodate 6ndash8 people provide one large-scale map at each table
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
the Low-Stress Bikeability assessment tool 49
bull Arrange easels with pads to take notes during debriefingwith facilitated map exercise
bull Set up a table for refreshments and a table to sign inprovide hand-outs to workshop participants
To initiate the workshop
bull Sign in workshop participants and provide name tagscopies of the agenda 85-in x 11-in street maps andcopies of the Bikeability Assessment Checklist
bull Make introductions and explain the purpose of the workshop roles of participants and agenda
bull Show the narrated presentation ldquoConducting a Low-StressBikeability Assessment An Overview of What to Look forrdquo
bull Prior to the conducting the in-field bikeability assessmentndash Address questions regarding the narrated presentationand what to observe
ndash Distribute reflective safety vestsndash Introduce the Bikeability Assessment Checklist (beginning on the next page) procedures for conducting the in-field assessment and the plan to reconvene immediately following the in-field assessment for a debriefing and mapping exercise
explain Use of the Low-Stress Bikeability
assessment Checklist
The Bikeability Assessment Checklistmdashthe following six
pages (pp 50-55) of this assessment toolmdashis designed to beprinted out in color distributed to participants at the work-shop and used during the in-field bikeability assessment
The color-coded topics
FaCiLitieS
network
roaD ConDitionS
ViSiBiLity
interSeCtionS
tranSit interaCtion
These topics correspond with those described in the Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Visual Prompts ldquoWhat toLook forrdquo and narrated presentation Once the presentationis viewed and questions have been addressed participantsshould use the checklist to record their observations duringthe in-field assessment The ldquowalk and talkrdquo will enable participants to use maps for reference observe existingbikeability conditions and discuss possible improvementsParticipants should use the checklist to document the presence absence and locations of bikeability featuresconditions and locations
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist
Planning for complete communities in delaware50
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 51
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware52
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 53
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
Planning for complete communities in delaware54
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklist (continued)
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 55
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Conduct a Debriefing and Mapping Exercise
Following the in-field assessment participants will immediately reconvene in the workshop setting for a debriefing and facilitated mapping exercise Participants
should break into groups of 6ndash8 people and go to tables setup with large-scale maps markers and stickers Withineach group setting participants should discuss their observations and the information theyrsquove documented ontheir Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Checklists Participants can use markers and place stickers on the large-scale maps to note locations of issues concerns and possible improvements that may require changes in engineering signage policies law enforcement and educational programs
Conduct the In-Field Assessment
Ideally the route selected for the in-field assessment hasbeen pre-toured as discussed in Step 1 The Pre-AssessmentAim for a route length of no more than six blocks for walking and a talking time of approximately one hour Provide safety vests for participants to wear If there aremore than 20 people split into them into two groups thatare each led by a workshop leadersfacilitator As participantsldquowalk and talkrdquo during the in-field assessment group leaders should pause strategically at locations where
participants can observe and discuss critical issues Timeshould be allotted to allow for participants to referencestreet maps ask questions take photos and record their observations within each section of the Low-Stress Bikeability Checklist (eg facilities network road conditions visibility intersections and transit interactions)
Planning for Complete Communities in Delaware
Workshop participants during in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
56
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Following the mapping exercise the workshop leaderfacilitator should ask each group to report on ideas and suggestions for low-stress bikeability improvements As awhole the workshop participants can discuss conditionsobserved and build consensus on key issues and recommendations for improvements Collectively agreedupon issues and ideas for improvements can be summarizedon flip charts or notepads
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 57
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
Mapping exercise following the in-field assessment
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
bull Are ldquolow-hanging fruitrdquo or improvements that can beeasily achieved with minimal funding technical assistance planpolicy changes or engineering design(eg signage signalization education enforcement)
bull Would achieve the ldquomost bang for the buckrdquo or mostimpactful improvements in low-stress cycling withleast investment
bull Would serve a specific population of low-income orldquono-choicerdquo riders particularly well such as routes surrounding schools or low-income neighborhoods
bull Most significantly improve connectivity by overcominga major barrier or filling in a large gap in the bicyclenetwork
Establish the goals for necessary for plan policy andprogram improvement
Prepare a Written Summary
With assistance from designated workshop leadersfacilitators to do the following
Summarize outcomes of the low-stress bikeability assessmentworkshop to includebull Purpose ndash Why was the assessment undertakenbull Location ndash How was the area selected and whybull Special needs of targeted populations (eg commuters
and ldquono-choicerdquo riders including school-aged children seasonal workers and students)
bull Description of outreach effort including list of workshop participants
STeP 3 PoST-ASSeSSMenT
The in-field assessment and mapping exercise during theworkshop are designed to engage participants and build aconsensus on the need to improve low-stress bikeabilityThe workshop however is just a starting point to build interest and momentum for long-term improvements Eachcommunity is unique and there is not a one-size-fits-all approach to initiate low-stress bikeability improvementsHowever the following post-assessment steps are suggestedto initiate plans policies programs and design improvements to enhance low-stress bikeability
Identify and Prioritize concerns
With assistance from professional planners consultantsandor workshop facilitators
Compile all pre-assessment data and in-field assessmentoutcomes (mapping exercises individual assessmentsphotos)
Analyze all compiled information and look for themesrelated to the low-stress bikeability assessments of facili-ties network road conditions visibility intersectionsand transit interactions
Identify and prioritize the issues thatbull Require immediate attention to address safety
concerns bull Reflect the consensus of the group in terms of the
greatest low-stress bikeability issue(s)
Planning for complete communities in delaware58
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
General public via press releases newsletter articles social media and ldquonewsrdquo sections of local governmentand partner websites
Advocacy groupsAttend meetings and community events hosted by civicor home ownersrsquo associations bicycle-advocacy groupsschool associations (PTAs) non-profit groups faith-basedorganizations Main Street and business-interest groupsto raise awareness engage and recruit other interestedcommunity members
Gain Support and Strengthen Partnerships
Establish
Plansbull Incorporate provisions for low-stress bikeability within
the vision recreation andor transportation elementof the local governmentrsquos Comprehensive Plan
bull Create or update a bike plan to reflect new goals bull Consider the need for specialized plans that emphasize
safety access bikeway linkages improve multimodalconnections maintenance or foster interconnectivityamong the statersquos network of shared-use trails andpathways such as transportation circulationndashsystemplans trail studies parks and recreation masterplans streetscape plans and Complete Streets plans
Policiesbull Evaluate existing policies need for new policies or
consistency with state policies (eg Complete Streets)
bull Types of pre-assessment data that were usedcollectedbull Map of the low-stress bikeabilityndashassessment area(s)bull Identification and prioritization of issuesbull Ideas for improvements bull Suggested ldquonext stepsrdquo
Present Findings
Present findings to
Key local officialsbull Get on the agenda to make a public presentation at the
jurisdictionrsquos Planning Commission meeting relevantadvisory boardcommittee meeting(s) andortowncity council meeting
bull Arrange to meet with the local jurisdictionrsquos staffmembers who are involved in planning public workspublic safety finance and parks and recreation
Agenciesentitiesorganizations that provide technicalassistance funding andor grants bull Get on committee meeting agendas for regional MPOs
DelDOT DNRECrsquos Division of Parks and Recreationbull Meet with representatives of local foundations and
companies that provide community grants Entities concerned with public safety and health
Get on meeting agendas to present findings to taskforces committees or auxiliary groups for local publicsafety agencies school boards community healthcaresystems and non-profit organizations to gain support foreducation and outreach campaigns
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 59
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Planning for complete communities in delaware60
to ensure that transportation infrastructure is designed built constructed and maintained to safelyaccommodate travelers of all ages and abilities including bicyclists
bull Advocate policy changes to address barriers to and support safe conditions for bikeability
Design standardsbull Work with DelDOT officials to seek guidance on
regulations that support the statersquos Complete Streetspolicy
bull Consider the need for context-sensitive transporta-tion solutions that fit within the context of the roaduse and setting For example traffic-calming measurescan be incorporated in roadway design based on theuse and classification of the roadway (eg urban suburban and rural roadway contexts)
bull If a streetscaping project is planned consider the needto design spaces that balance needs of all roadwayusers and wherein people can safely walk bicycledrive take transit and mingle Well-designed and well-maintained streetscapes create comfortable beautifulstreets that align with Complete Streets principles
bull Work with partners to design safe and attractive multi-modal environments near major transit corridors andstations that provide linkages for pedestrians and bicyclists tofrom origins and destinations to transit
Funding supportbull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements and
maintenance costs within the local jurisdictionrsquos annualbudget andor long-term capital-improvement plan
bull Seek support for bicycle-facility improvements fromDelDOT or the MPOs via federal funding programssuch as the Transportation Alternatives Program (TAP)Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality (CMAQ) orSafe Routes to School (SRTS)
bull Contact state legislators to seek Community Trans-portation Funding for small transportation projectsthat donrsquot meet state agencyndashfunding priorities
bull Consider tying non-motorized improvements into already planned transportation systemndashimprovementprojects
bull Leverage funding support for grants or other sourcesfrom non-profit entities andor private organizations
Facility-maintenance plansbull Ensure that the jurisdiction plans for facility
maintenance that is consistent with and complementsmunicipal-maintenance agreements with DelDOT
bull Ensure that bicycle infrastructure is well maintainedand free from hazardous conditionsobstructions
bull Consider winter-maintenance needs Technical assistance
Contact WILMAPCO DoverKent County MPO SalisburyWicomico MPO andor DelDOT for furtherassistance and support
Provide outreach and education
Education and awareness are tools that reshape the travelbehavior of motorists pedestrians and bicyclists Seek support and assistance from public safety officials bicycle
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
The Low-Stress Bikeability Assessment Tool 61
committees advocacy groups parks and recreation departments the private sector and non-profit organizations to do the following
Teach and advocate safe bicycling behavior and properuse of bicycle facilities
Educate motorists and enforce safe driving Explore a possible bike-sharing program Maintain and improve bicycle facilities and amenities Plan for route expansion and connectivity to adjacent
bicycle routes trails and facilities Support local ldquoSafe Routes to Schoolrdquo programs that
address bicycling and walking safety for school students Consider the need for bicycle-sharing programs Develop programs aimed at motorists to improve
awareness of the needs and rights of bicyclists
Stay engaged
Develop strategic actions initiatives and a public-engagement plan to involve community members advocacy groups local leaders and partner agencies andachieve implementationfunding Continue working withall stakeholders to ensure that progress is sustained
DelDOTrsquos summer education programs provide bicycle checkpointsand training to resort-area residents tourists and summer employees
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg
Institute for Public AdministrationSchool of Public Policy amp Administration
College of Arts amp SciencesUniversity of Delaware
180 Graham Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716-7380phone 302-831-8971 e-mail ipaudeledu fax 302-831-3488
wwwipaudeledu
The University of Delawarersquos Institute for Public Administration (IPA) addresses the policy planning and management needsof its partners through the integration of applied research professional development and the education of tomorrowrsquos leaders
Please also visit our Delaware Complete Communities Planning Toolbox at CompleteCommunitiesDEorg