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P H Y S I C S
Chapter 0: Measurements in Physics
Section 0B: Scientific Notation & SI Prefixes
Objectives:1)Convert numbers into scientific notation form
2)Convert numbers into SI prefix form
Imperial vs. SI
What are some examples of each?
Imperial System
SI System
Base-10 for easy conversion 1000 m = kilo-meter
How many meters in 3 kilometers? How many meters in 9 kilometers? How many kilometers in 6000 meters?
Common Units in Imperial
12 inches = 1 foot 5280 feet = 1 mile
How many feet in 3 miles? How many feet in 9 miles? How many miles is 31680 feet?
Scientific Notation
For very large or very small numbers
Large: Speed of light:
300,000,000 m/s
Small: Mass of a dust particle:
0.000000000753 kg
= 3 x 108 m/s
= 7.53 x 10-10 kg
Writing Scientific Notation
1. Put new decimal after first non-zero number
2. Count places decimal moves
Left = Positive
Right = Negative
3. Write in exponent form
3.00000000. m/s
8 PLACES TO LEFT (+)
3 x 108 m/s
Writing Scientific Notation
6380000000. m/s
9 PLACES TO LEFT (+)
6.38 x 109 m/s
0.000000000753 kg
10 PLACES TO RIGHT (−)
7.53 x 10-10 kg
Practice
Write the following in Scientific Notation:
1) 314,000,000,000
2) 986,000,000,000,000
3) 0.000 000 007 5
4) 0.000 000 02
= 3.14 x 1011
= 9.86 x 1014
= 7.5 x 10-9
= 2 x 10-8
SI Prefix
Name that precedes a base unit
7.1 x 10-9 m = 7.1 nm 5 x 109 b = 5 Gb
Convert to Prefix Form
1) 7.8 x 109 m
2) 6.3 x 10-12 s
3) 5.4 x 106 g
4) 3.7 x 10-9 m
= 7.8 Gm
= 6.3 ps
= 5.4 Mg
= 3.7 nm
Convert to Scientific Notation
1) 4.0 μm
2) 1.9 ms
3) 5.2 cm
4) 8.4 km
= 4.0 x 10-6 m
= 1.9 x 10-3 s
= 5.2 x 10-2 m
= 8.4 x 103 m
Powers of Ten (IBM 1977) Video Clip
Solutions to Problem Set 0B
1) 1.1 x 10-4
2) 7.4 x 10-7
3) 9.24 x 1011
4) 4.55 x 109
5) 9.5 x 10-13
6) 2.0 x 10-8
7) 68,700,000
8) 18,800
9) 1,740,000
10) 820,000
11) 2.6 x 10-3
12) 8.5 x 10-6
13) 7.6 x 106
14) 6.0 x 10-12
15) 2.5 x 10-9
16) 9.3 x 109
17) 1 Mm
18) 2 ns
19) 6 kg
20) 18 cm
21) 3 Gm
22) 5 μg
Assignment
Problem Set 0B 0A-0B Quiz (Measurements in
Physics)
