Upload
tranthuan
View
215
Download
1
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
-v - -
-
~~~
-
/ AD—AO~ 1 135 MASSACHUSETTS UNIV AMHERST ASTRONOMY RESEARCH FACILITY F/S 7/44INFRARED EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY OF LOW PRESSURE GASEOUS DISCHARG——ETC(tJ)•NOV 77 P HANSEN. H SAKAI. ii STRONG F19628 76—C—0087
UNCLASSIFIED UMASS—A RF—77— 3O3 AF SL—TR —77—02 51 NL104 ! I P MI!N _flU_flUE NUfla
I S
AFGL-TR—77-025].
INFRARED EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY OF LOW PRESSURE GASEOUS DISCHARGES
Peter Hansen
~~~~~~~~
-
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Haji me Sakai• >..r ~ John Strong
J Astronomy Research FacilityJ L.t.J University of Massachusetts/ • —~ Amherst, MA 01003~~~~~
~~~~~~~
1 November 1977
Scientific ~eport No. 1
[Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.
• D D CAIR GEOPHYSICS LABORATORY
UNITED STATES AIR FORCEHANSCOM AFB , MASSACHUSET~~ 01731
(~~~~~~51LU1T1L1..J
£
S
dQualified requestors may obtain additional copies from the DefenseDocumentation Center. All others should apply to the NationalTechnical Information Service.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
UNC.LASSI~~ F)~ ____________
C~~~ IT ~ C.. A S S I F~~~&TION O~ TH I S P A G E (*~~..i Oat. Ea(.r ,d~
REPORT DOCUMENTATIOP4 PA( E -
.
BEFORE COMPLET tNG FORMN
~ ‘7~~~ MeER 2. GOVT ACCESSION NO. 3. RECIPI E N T S CATALOG NUMB ER
~~1A u L ~~~~~~~~ 25l _______________
~ , T L E (an d S~b1lIl.) L TYPE OF REPORT & PERIOD COVERED
LN~’RARED ~MISSI0N SPECTROsCOPY OF LO~ PRESSURE ) Interim
~ASE0US DISCRARGE~~ .. Scientific Report No. 1
- i — 7 - - - P& M~MGI~P~ aS P lIft — ______
- — -
~~~ ~‘ : ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(U. A U OR~ S~ - 1. CONTRACT OR GRA NI NUMSER(.) t
‘N T~ ter/Hansen,~Hajime/Sakai j F 19628—76—C4 87 ,.17’---
John/~~trong 1~ P E R F O R M IN G ORGAN IZAT ION NAM E AND ADDRESS 10. PROGRAM £L~~MINT PRO.aECT . TASK
Astronomy Research Fac~~~i t y
~~~~~~~~~Amhers t , tt~ 01003 rj_~~j i J ~CO N T RO L L I N G OFF ICE N A M E A N D ADD RESS /7~ 4.RE.PORT DA tA
Air ~~rce i eophysicc Lab:~r:~ ~ry -~~~
‘- LiN0V _._~~
. ~?7~
v
Hanscorn AF3 , Massachuset ts 01731 13. NUMBER OF PAGES /
Monitor]A 1a~ tair Fairb airnJopR ~~~~~~~~~ 1’~’~ 4 MO N ITORIN G AGENCY NAME & AODRESS(If diIl.r ~~ t t,oo, Control Una QUId ) IS. SECURITY CLASS. (oI thia r.çoai)
Unclass i f iedIS.. OECLA SSIFICA rIOw /OOWNGPAOI~tGSCHEDULE
TTh sTR d u r i o N STATEMENT (of ~7R.po rs) - TJ 1J C —
SLtP PL ~~M E N T A R Y NOTES
Pr t u t e d ‘it l)7”~ ~‘ri.] 1 ~t ’~~ j~~~ - f ~ thc -~pt ica 1 Society of America ;
Torr :~~- c , ~‘ana ia .
~9 F E Y SO ROS (Cont/n.~• oo ,.v.r.. •id. It n.c...ary a,d Id.n tt ~~ b~ block rn~~b.r)
F r i n . :i . t n . p e ct r u• -r e~’ r - ~nry . ~
. ‘
“ i:;t’ r t ~i r cha r~ e
A B S T R A C T (ConUnu. ~~, ,.~ .o.. ald. It n.c...~~y a~d td.ntIfr by block n~~~b, )
A th :~~~’ 1 i t n i t t ’~~r : m - t ’ r i r u::rr l to measure i n f r a r ed radiat ion in~‘m i s ~~.on : r - ~ a ~a. -u: dis~ har~ e column . The discharge column is containedin a ~O—mcte r ~~i t n~ er~~ t }i r e l l us ing a I .~—rn e t , :r central electrode . Byopt ic :~1i:i t r i p l e pa ss ing , the equ ivaien t p ath length achieved through thedirc i ar Ce colum n i~ 36 meters . Spectral resolut i on near ~~~~~~~ cm~~~~is~bta ned . ut~ - 1 spectra in the 1800 — 8O00/cm~~ region are present ed .The d ischarge colum n cons is t s of a 1—meter diameter steel tube with a
DD J AN 13 1473 EDITION OF I NOV U IS OBSOLETE UN CLASSIFIEDS/N 0102 - 01 4 U01
IICu~ ITV CLAUIPIC*TION OF TWIS PAG E (~~~~s Dat. ~~u#arad) \ ,‘/ .1 /
/ - -
JI
. - • - ‘~~- - - ‘ -
..A ~~~~~(n,.... .. .... ~. ... ~•cI)
Biock 20
~~~~ ‘ central electrode . it is powered by an AC supply . Power dissipation
ranges from 1 to 14 k i lowat ts . Due to the discharge geometry , pressure is
l imi ted to the range of 0.1 to 0.6 torr ; however , broad adjustments in
current density are possible over this pressure range .
UNCLASSI FlEDSECURITY CL A S$$FI CATION OF ‘T ) j I 5 p A G E ~Wg,.n D.Ia Enfa,.d)
Th is .‘ - t r a c t r r ’ate a d isch arge c on ( i i t io n s im i l a r to
: i cs e c~~i ; t i n~ ~n t h e ~i~~er • t t m -~~~ - ‘r , and (~ ) to r t u d y the in f r a r e d
em ss I on see- ’ I ru at so i and us ‘ ‘ i~~ a r n:i~ oa’ w h i c h ar~ generated
I ~ - . The wcrk P’sc ‘~i ud a th i s s- i ~~~~~ f i r ’p ort r I - I r esents OU~
Ira t iur L a g ‘ h~ :~ ‘ ~. ‘ ‘ :t5 a a a n I- i ear pr (~~ r~~~. ~ ur pr i nc i sal
sa cul. - of ca p s i :nen ’ 15 to u i - i i l so a ’ t r ht~ i -p a ’ c t ’ Fourier spectroscopy
abs~~rv at ~~~ ~~~ :~~ in ” ’ - c I ’ - I k - u i :~~sa ~t en era~ ~~ is . low pressure , long
: on,~~~:: Ci aw i .‘ c a a” c . 5 a s ’ -~~~~ i n si pid ~‘ Ica ~ t amount . of i n f or m at i o n
availabl ‘ a lit tart-’ ~ t h e I -‘ ibura ’. - r y study of ’ t he in f rared
a - ha r~’ ‘ a . on , iS ma I . ei ’f ~~r t ru r beet sari ”:’ nt .r at ed to develop the
t c a h a i q ue r ics ’ a at isai Le r- ~ our
a. ’ a -haa ‘ ‘ ‘ w i r ~. , we ‘ ave - t ’ - ‘ t o t -J i a o r : iuce a very
l o ai ~~-~ i ’ t r s . ‘ ‘ i o n ~i i -‘~~ . is -‘s:’ o: t i d “ c the a e ct r or u s t r y u s ing
a - a - . , , • ~ ‘ ‘ ‘s , -~~
. - . w - . ~ j~~ ; . :.~~ ar - id es, of set i e ra t in g the
a’ cs a a r e s ’ ”- ‘i:- bee n s o - i , ’ I at ‘ ‘ ‘ast ‘ o at’ s a t i s f a c ti a n.
Tt . ’- c ’ -. ,va ’t’ ’ L ,’ . : e a ii s 1 p a l— - — n c - . a~ r a t i o w~~t a spectral
a ol t t i s r . o:~ I .~~~ c ’rT ~ , a r~ip i r e s -s~~r ’r :td ~; ash ’ ev~ - I . ‘The in te rfe rogr~~s ’ - i’ : i ~ p . a~ i -’r: ’ ~ a ‘ :10 a ’oc : : ar ’- ae t t i s an t i uate.i an-i p revent ing •4c ;
“ a ex ~~ c t - i :.s P t - a x I :miu r a t : . di I ’ :~’ ’ : ’ - ’r ise tra ’s i -e y cn d the presently
tsP ‘:v c ~‘ p:u’e - ‘ “ 1 .0 ‘m ’ . ~i - .1 a t h l next ?e~ weeks , we wifl int ro—
~~~~~ a ~~~ ~~~~- . r~~ r i c a ’ ’ , t-’ ,~r ’e- ‘ ti t I ~ to i a t ’ th e resolu t ion to a
1 ’ s “c f’ 0. 1 -a ’ , ‘ he l i r i t I t : ’ - ’~~’-’d by 1he it a c i ’f e rometer current ly
‘ a ” a ’ s ’ x’: c h a ” n ’ :daad in the r’al I owing pages was
s - ~“‘ .
~ ,
~~~ j~~ ‘to , • ag or ’ th e O p t ic a l Societ y of Amer ica
n~~i . r -: ‘ - ,
‘- i - : t .
Wh ite SectiOfl
DOC butt $~c ~
o~st . AVA L and/ li SP~-
“ —4
5 -- -- - - - ~~~~~~~- --- ~~~~~~~~~- - - . “ - — . .-~~~~~~~~~ --‘ --
_-~~‘ -,
-
I P a ItJ : ’ t ’ l
t h i s r e t - - i t , :- Vt ’ rat -Sri f l ’ ~~fl t ‘ a ’ i ~~~ ‘ ‘mx ’ OI ~ 1 t I l l L i
sorir t’liO t - - P t t.’ t ’ t t I i t I ’ a ’ t I I ’ I ’ a r ’ : i 5 I r ~ ’ t , t t t o r ’ ‘P -an . t x , : a ; L ’ - ’ u I o ~ U I : ’1~~t’
a-as - i it - i ,‘n:’ ,a i ni l a r i t ’ ‘ } - ; , ‘ - x i : ’ t t ip i n P a i t t - ’ ’ ’ ; t : - . t - : ’ O ’t: • W
pa ’ a ~~: ‘~~- , 1 - a t ~:, r ~d t - r . - ” P ‘ - . - ‘‘ ‘ - t ’ ’ C l -x l i - t a t ~~~s : ~:~~’ ‘ ‘at .’ : ’a ’ ,c . l in
v — a l - - i :: 0’:So,- ‘ta t t i ’ r - a : t i t i t o cmi r a i n i t T - ~~ C ’ sri ‘ ti e to a l t o : a’.
- : - ‘- its : -a’ ::Se- ’t a- 5,’ ,’:”.. ,:,~ ’ - :a( ’ lt tt ’ ’0 1 10111 r i t a - i t t : ‘ : , t I
,: , . : ‘ t ’:ri a t’ - I ” r o t ’ i l , , - ; .
,l,i: c ’’ : ‘~~~ - C ~~~~,- ‘: , : - ‘L t i : 1 . ’ o r ’ t - le ’ - .’ ’ - ’’’ ~11 .~~‘,‘ , ‘ ‘a , ,ae’, : - I . ‘ r ~ :~ a t r:~
: r ’ ’ a s ’ i - i C ,;, - rnt 1’ ~~~i t ~ , : t t - d c; . t ( ‘0 , C-a ,, , P 2, ‘ 1 , P ) a’ t i : P i i ; ’
j h - C C •~~~~
1 ) - a ’ a t , ’ ’ ’ :”~~i I ” - p i o : i . 7 ’- t in ’ s 5 - 1 ,t - - a I - ; - f t ’s I::
- - — 1 . , ‘ - -:‘.\- = • ~t . t’h La - ‘ ‘ at -a- at I S i’ j L: . - ‘ii i :~~~!.
‘ P . ‘‘- - , vt - Ot
~:. ‘ - ‘- ‘ a , ’ h ,~’ ’ : . e - ta, - 1 ’ .’ I r , r - ~ acr 01 ’ :‘- t t ’ , ’ t x ’ ; i , a : , : i , L , r ’ ; r i ’ t i ’ , ,’re a3’’
‘C ‘ o C i - w “- Pr - ‘C ‘ a ’ ’ ~i a- : i , :t rPr: ‘ - is- - r I ” . ’ t i t’ c C t ”c . iC a
It ’.: h i ‘1~ P l - ’- 1.
a - ’’’ - ‘ , , :~~:, C ’:, ‘ i i t i ’-: n a S ‘ I ‘.‘ ‘ . r~ - F t p . 1 a c
-~ ‘.ar,,”~ t ’ ,” ’a.; 3~ :t ”re ” 1 : - a s . A 1 —r ’ . ‘ ‘ - a — I - a ” ;~~-i i sLe i a l anil r ats
‘ eats : :e i i ’ c ’r ’: , t I’ ’ ~~ ,‘ : . a : - ’r, : 1 ir . r ho t H at - ‘ ‘ i a , , - r ’ : , , H, r ‘ t a - .
o a r ‘ - i I. e lec ’, t ’ ’ :t” I :,: t h ” ‘ oak w ’ I i : ’,’ - ’rrr’ , l , ’ i i : - , ’i , -’± :’a , ‘ :P ’ ipu :’atL n .
c t ., u a : ’ rI 1~’ a- ~~~‘ : 5 i’ ,’ a 10 kw v r a ’ i r i i h e ‘ U i i , : . .1 - r . . - ( j ~~•
i ; , - t . - Pt- ’ 1: ~i: x c P a; I r a t I ri , ‘ :0 ‘ t I c ‘ - el ‘ - a a 5- 5 w ’ 1t - r :- ‘ - ] .‘ i
‘ - “I - 5 ~~~~~~~~~~ - ‘ si:. ’: r , . ’ ar’~’ 7 .5 a x ( - . l : ’’~ ‘,‘ A ‘, ?. A ) au 1 j H t ’
1 , — t a’ ,” ‘,i - : I :w - : i S a : : i i t t ’ : i t : 1 it-U . “1, ’ -
a r o S e : i t , t i , , ’ : : ’ t ’ i ; , : - ,r ’ t-:- r ’tn p ’ - - C I ’- ) t O-I) r t I l i ’ ’:’ a . :; - : - ‘ ‘ ‘, : P x . p : ott t h e
‘ta t r ~~ a a - - r n a “a ’ 1 m. Ia ’ ‘,“ r t ’ P 1 a oC ‘ as pr o-a r t s ’ a , t - : , . - ’-tt - ~~C
: ‘ : ‘ i : p - ‘ ,x: r i t i , - : : . - ‘ - i , i, - achi ’vt ’l :vc : ’ :- i ’ ’ i - t o ’ - : t e a - - I , ’ - ‘ C , a ~ . As
t O : ~~ - - .‘ ‘ ~~~‘ ‘to’s,’ 1 a t~~’ - : t ’ r ’ ’t . 1€ I I I a ,- , ‘ ; t ’ nt i t t a ~5, -
j a r - : :, - , v- , r ’:’ , - t t ” ‘ ‘ t ’ t t o t i t : , ’ dir ’ ’:i :r’
r :I : I ~~~’: - ‘ c r s i c ’ ,r Ot~ ~ W - 1 — 1 0 ’ ’’ - : i ’ t ” ’ - t r , i _ r a ~ r t : ’ :’ s’ t ,
i ’ ’’ , ’: h ‘ t i t ’:’ i c r 1 i r i s - ’’ - r ’r ; . ht ~ m i s t ’ :‘,; as~’ C - ‘ a ‘a S , :, - iL
r i .i .~~i n t i t t t h r ’ ’a’ pass :. ; t - h x ’ -aph t h t ’ i a ’ h ’ - ’ ’ ’ a lat: ; :,, C ‘ ‘ ‘ a t - - ;
- ‘I ~~~ I pat ~~ 0 C ~~ at- ‘ r, s. the “t ’, - ’tl t irat :‘/ ‘, 1 - - : .t’ it ’ ‘ a t ; - ‘ - - I t i S i t t- ’ l
— - ‘ -4
:i l I P r :cnr ~ t in t - I t ’ t I ’ i t ’ : t h e i t , ; o r ‘t ’ : ’ - -t’ , - l ’ s , ‘i t I - - - l a b I F’s t h a t , hri s l ’een
i x ’ - i C I ‘ ‘U Cc: ’ u ’- ” i t t ‘ a ’ - 1 ‘ - 6 I ; . I c “ s ’- , ’ t i . tri te 1 at . ‘ ‘t C - s a r i - i , ‘r u s t - - r a
‘ i x . : I x , ’h a r, ‘ i . ’ a a , - I e 1 l ’ t’ - - o t - ; r ’r . It . : ; a It i ~~n~~e
r t - - s L v i : - ’ ‘ ‘ w a’ I : ’ t a : ;’ A , - ~ 0 . t e ’ ’ . T’ ,~ o a f i ,, I i ” C ’’ t’ - ’ r i ; ’t - i S T h o i i i t - ’~~r ’ i
w i t h a h- .’— ’I ’ ’ i a , ’ -
:t a i a ‘i’ to : : ‘, t I ’ t 1 :,s .‘ ,‘ : ‘ f t ’t ’ i :t ; r r : ’ e f l i l v i’j a t lable or
fi t o ’ c c : : , t ’ t ’ ’t i : t , . I - ‘ ‘ - a - a : ”. to ’ - - , t ’r ’ ’H i t . I ‘ i f s a ’’f lo a ; , the i f i t O r —‘or - r x’ ;e :a ’ x ’ t- - r ’ - : , ’ - ’ a’ : it . ‘ a .t ’ ; ” : - ’ - ’ t i : . : 1 : - : ’ - sot : l v Lao cIA ’ ;, ‘x l, , :
t - l ao’ .’ .: c — I t a P -‘ ‘-a - ‘ ‘m r S or C -r’ ‘ t o H - a i ’ j ’x’ * a ’t r :: t t ’ t ’ r r ; i t i an and
,u : , -’ :; , ’ x ; :- r ‘ . 1 1 5 ‘:,- r : : , ’x:. i i ’ - a ‘r. ’ i’lt ’ , 1; ; ex ’r e t r e l ’,’ ’ , i s e— - : c n r a mj t t ’
( , t , , -x - i t t - : ’ ; . r a r e ) ‘a ~~l i ’ :; a - ” -’ i : , ’ , ’ - r ~’:, ’ l i r , t ’ ’ ’ i -n r~ as to the rau r ,h ex’ of
a :‘ i l L s r a - ’, :x ; ‘; r , ’ a , - :- - : ( 1 ’ ) a : : - : ‘ a’ :‘:‘, ‘] a; i n n of r h e A d )
( “ ) i i ’ ‘xi r ~ i 11
- - ‘ 0 ~5 - - ‘ ‘ - ~~~~~~- - : - ;~~~~~- .‘,,‘.;: ~~ - - , ‘ ,
- a - t I~ F t . i : ’ , t • , , t P . - r i d I ;~r 1 c t .
C ’ - , t : ,r ’ :H; ’ : - : ’ ” a I - a ’ : : ( ‘ x i ; ’ - “~i:~ ‘ o:’~- i a1 120 F::~ t - - r , ; t ’rs th0 i n t e r —
t f . - r ~ a s f , a-1 - I ‘ . - -~ - ‘ “ i ’ I i a ‘ a ; ‘ a ’
‘ - - i i : - : : a ‘ ‘ 1 ‘ - a l T ~ i t “-,!0 ’ ’;:, ’ o” ’ ‘ : ‘ 1- ‘ ,- :‘ ‘ : ‘ ‘ t i re i r,’~~’r—
r ’€ ; ’ ” ~ - ’ r ’ s l a - c t ’ : ‘i , ’ ; , - a l . The A C - i ; :, , : i a :’a , ; a - ’ i r i t a . ’ , , ‘i, a :— ‘t ra t l e l
1 ‘ /0 ’ I n t l ‘ - “a a ’ ’ ; ’ ’ t - ; : a ’ t t : i a C I - c r ’ r ’; d i s k .
1 : ; t f ’a , t ”: : , , a r i ’ r ’ - : •- “ ‘ t a se’° - i ’: t , ’ er ” ;-a’ r : ’ ’ a - .i a t i m e —• 3 ‘ ; _ - - - ‘7- ’ ( , , 5 t ” “ ‘ a- ’’ - a :;
- - a r ~t ’ t ’ 1 t” • — ‘‘ a ) Sp i ’ a :“ - ; ‘ ‘ P 11 ,- - ‘ I ‘ “ - ‘ - c-n ‘ r~ ’i -cc t ‘1,1:0’ :
vi ‘ “ ‘ i: : ; . ’ ‘ ‘a ’’’ - ; ’ -n ‘ - ‘a ;~~~ I ‘ it a t ‘ e : a t i -0’ : ’’ - ‘‘ a’’ ; : - - : ‘t- ,’ i s . i - a r c ’ , ,
- ‘ ‘ i : -Se ‘0”’ , - ;~~ ‘5’ , : i ’ - 1 . : ’ ; - ’’ a ( ‘nT 1
~- ;~o - ‘n
0 ’ a: , a: - c 0 1 ; ‘ ‘ f : ’ , - - r ’ ‘ - ~
- I t ’ :; ‘ l i a r s - ‘a t it’s a’’ , . ‘lj r ’ : I ‘ - : 5 , , ’. - a - - t i : ’ ‘ A - ’ ’
‘ ‘ - t i ‘ :‘ ,~~ ‘ - I ’ c ’ a- - I ’ - ‘i ’ ’ : ’ ’ ti ‘‘:c - a - , ‘ ‘ a ’ a’’ ‘~~ r ‘ ‘ o l e , a : - : I he- - v t - sa l , . : o ” t : ’ - 5 1 “ i ‘ ‘a;~ ‘‘ ts a - - - ‘ ‘ u~ C t ’ 1 ‘w t ’ - r : - l i i 1 ; ’ . :.~~
a ‘ t ’ - ‘ - : , C l a’ i i , ‘ - ‘ ha r - ~ ‘ ‘ r a t- ’’ i’s” ~~! , : ‘ ,, ,,
~~~. ‘p1 ’~ in - a ’ -~~, ‘ i t ’
. 1 e ‘ ‘ ta :, 1 ‘ : -‘a a • i - i t ‘ : i ’~ ’ or ‘ : : t ’ B ‘ 11 * A ‘ 1~~ a ’ s - I ” - , i s t a t - ‘ t i ’ a-a ‘-‘s I i rig
to ix , ” , : - ‘ :, -i’ ’’ - “ : ‘a :;n ‘a. f e r n - , :, ’ , . Ft o . 5 i t t I i ‘‘ , ‘ ~— ,; “ :‘; -i” r~ r :‘~ : ‘ ‘~n
‘,‘ “~“
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ a ‘~
‘~~
- “ 5 , ’ , ’ :: ‘ I - -w i i : : - ’ r l : i : ’pe. ‘i ’~ t t ’ Si~ t t i i ‘ . ‘ af t , t ’t - ; i t I t , ’ ’:; t f i- ’ t ’ t ’ - ” , - t ’ . x ; . ie uxy ,” - l .- - — i ‘ - i
‘ ‘ - - I ~~~~~~,, —1 ~~~~~~
- l1 i itO’ : a ‘ .5 1 4 ) at ’ , P , 0. a:”, , (~ ‘a , ~ ‘ - I t a”. , ‘ i - 1 - ‘ - - I C a:
t o . ‘ ‘ I ’ s v i as.; I ~,‘ h i , ‘r. l.ltsritt i’ied I ”; C ti i t n ~~t i , t 10 t a x~) : 2 ian’.h I , ! , ’
U i ’ :‘ - ‘p ’ : . a : ‘-x ~;r a ’:i at - a t a - ’ a’ei ’e eam~~- :ii’ oc: i~c :~ a l ;t - :k i i , ‘, : ; - ‘ ‘ - :t : ’ t r : at
I ~ , . ‘ ‘ j t t - : ‘ ‘ , ‘ i , ; 1 :“ : l l :L t , ’ , - vn hioa 1 1 - I I ) - I’ / ’ : i : . — .
‘ cr - - a r ’ ‘ a i c vp a r t ) 01 ’ t - P t ,’ s ipr ia l rd t ’ 0 t 0 ’t t , t; ‘ ‘~a’, I . ‘ (50 t -’ a~’ - a t Ia ’ . ‘5
P aL- - w a t i ; ~ , ; t ’ c ’ o ’ t ’us, 0 ” :1 tl ’ I’ ‘- O t : P a ‘ x i a , ’ l , : r x’ , u . ‘ 1 1 ’ .’ ( t o t :1’ i -un .rt’i a c - :’ w : : t t - - : , r h f a a c ~’ ; i ’ ,m w a , - - I a t : , I t , e ;j were x P~’ c - i 10a ’i r i t ’: i l , ’ ac -we : ’
- . -r’ do: ‘ , ‘ t a t - ’ i 1 , -- ’: ’ ,s , ’, - x ’~a- ~ 2 r,w , i . e . , hf - h VAt’ at . h :,m ; ’o ’ :’es ,r a t i l i ;,t - r i , It ; - t - - - k , ht ix’ I - t a ke t t r e : - ~ c ’ ’ :0151 ;
: - -,; ‘‘ ‘: - ; ‘ , to t o ‘ 1 ’ i i r t i t l t p ’ ‘ r - i a : a’ W a ; tn t ’ t a r t o t ’ ’ t i ’ - ’ i s - - ,” t r a ce ‘‘a
‘I A , . - t ’ t : ’,’ : ‘, a t t ’ w’- rS I i - r : i ; , . ‘l 1 ~~ , :j ::c:, ’t - x ’ so a : ’ a ’ ,a , j t ,s ‘a: c x i o a r ’ 121 ~ z )
a :, - ,- ‘ t , - ‘ ‘ , - -x ’ ,,; ’ l t ‘e :‘rc ’~~ r ’ - r : ’ ,a 15 ‘55011 as ‘t :‘t ’ t ’t’ r ’ Oxi r ’C C i - r sy x : a i r ’t~~ i,i
dir : . ‘la ’’ .;; e-~’ 1 so , r , c r t , ’c a c - i a- - : I a P00 ‘‘ , : ; . ‘n1 , 1,r , 0 , ; -w e r
l i: ’,d, x ’ f t , ’ I - l i t ’ - c ’ , ; ’ r ’ ;’ r ’x’ , ’ - : r ’ - : c ’ ’, of ~~~~ d, , :L , a a ’ r , a r , w h i l e ‘ P t - ’
I , r n ’ ‘ ; I r e , : s , : t !:l tr i x 5 c - .~\ . . C r a ’~~I r ; re :’ i u r : x :: i 5 = t cr
-‘ t f : r -up ; ; ~3 r~ a’ r : , ; a: ot - ’ tr s’: in r Io - r e - :. -aP I i t , i : , - c r e ’ - ,- ::ta Ut’
It t a - i 1-i ho’ t i c - ’ ’ t s ar . t i r e x ’s at j ‘;i ± pa ‘in i , - ‘ rd :a~ac C- . a
t1 ,, , ; i t ’ : ’ a’’ ’ t r ra
A: ; , ‘1 : 1 : ,: ‘ - i i i i t c’ .at ’c’ ’, ’ I , ‘ xe :‘‘,t’ - ’ x st - - -, - ’’ ;:‘ a’t ‘ ‘ 1 ;‘t a t ,: ’’ ,;
- ‘ a ~~-r 1 - ; i : t ; - : , , ’ I t Lea ‘- - , -~‘l- , : - ,n-i i t - ’~~~’~~~~~-~~ ,/ ~l i ~ n d ~~~ F ’l o’~’t - i ’ ~ -~~I r
r : ’ t - : . , r i t I , a a : i t . n - I ’ - ’ , ‘ a’ at , : ‘ ,t , :r ’ , i C r i t a - a Sc’;: ‘0’’ ’ a i r a l - - ’ , ’ ,’e t . Fr a n .
‘ e I ’ ; ’- ”- - ’n . t h e v 1 : : ’ a t I ;-:: a t ’ ’ ’ ii i - : . n - t r ; - a ’ - ~: r I t a - . ’ - . :‘ : ‘
- a T ‘ t - ~- V r ’-rr,iro’ .’ -; tal P’~~ f of C’J~ : 5 ‘ 1. C i l i ’ ., f ‘ “ a, ” :
( F ’ I • : , • i t . ‘ a ” 7P ”0 as to -
‘ P OP ,‘e, ’i :~ a e v t - ’ ;” : o v a ‘r’ ,a iv”
1 r , : : i ; a t ~~ j . w i d e t i t ’ t i S j f l , ’ - ; ‘ : ; : i s : ; f - ’n ~~~~~ i f l
‘ ta ’ - ’ . ‘ ‘t t” c ( r : i , t t , :‘- ; ‘ S I n a i ‘ , x , a t ,a a l . ~ 1 5 1 : , ) i : r i i , ’ a : ’r ;a r t , ’ - . 1 ’ ( ‘ I i :- ctsl P P . 1’ ’ f o c i t h a t :ii pf: ’t’ - ‘ ‘ s a l ’, d r r , ’ ~ x t - :’ 1 , ;
‘ a ‘ cx a d,’ , ’ s -I ’ His : ; ;-tT’ a t . : ’ : f ‘c’ ,’j , ’t i . ‘r : - ‘ - “
‘ - ‘ c ’ , ,, ’ o’ ’ i a ’ t ; ’ ’ ’ d’:— ’ - ’ ;r . : r -a t ’ :~~ I tOQ o’:a 1 ; o t a 0 U ’;;, ’ t i ’ s, :a” s ca t - ’I ‘ ‘ ‘‘i ’ t a t ’ :; i . ’ v i : ’ a- ’ i :, ‘ : . I , i ‘ i t ’ : . i~i ’t w, t a 55 a I “‘‘ iJ O air. a’ --
I - ‘ ‘‘ a a, ‘ c t : , . : 1 I ‘xi s I : ~io 1 ’ ’ ‘a a a x i i r — ‘t t , • A t : . i 5 ‘Sr i s : 1 1 t’ - - ’ ’
‘t , ’ - - t ’ x ” - , t ; , : , ’~~( ’e - a c 7 , , . 1~
-4
t- ’hN ’ I , l :1 P
“i’ a.~ “i’ . ‘~~ ii : at a t ;’ ; t i - ’ 0; ,e Ci t a t ,o ’ t tr ’ 1 ’ t i f s “~ nit t a ;; t , we havo
a I -w a’ , s a w ” - , I t ip , :c~ i r l t ’ x t p t ii ‘:t:” ’ o’tia di sx’ i i i t I ’ ge f aoi I is y
1 , - I a :1 i t;: al il 1 : , ’ a - ; - : 1 * - i oaa I : - : i t ~ u f ’ T ’ t - ’ t ’ ‘ ct r ’ :c- t ; t ’, ’ ‘ a t - ’ . The i t :
a t - I , , ; - , t Cl ix ”- :: tI ‘ I c a l , : , ; ’ ‘c cc: lux : ; : . is a - ; Cr ’ I “I , ‘at - La . a ’- - i n c ap ed 1’:,
‘5 , ,/ i i . l~i r 1, ‘ a t ’ t , c x .:‘ ; a k a r l :11 - ‘ ,v~~ tan : , ‘ t - n ’l a Cr - cc it t - ’r p urrp i :j’
-a , , bot h ‘a:~:~ ; ‘ ‘ ; . : t r ’: r ‘ I r t : , w, - ‘x ’ I : ta: : t b I c - ~~ p r - a - r a c e f i i p : , ’ -r
‘ct’ ’ ‘ c i r , p r - ~~wt ’:’ ( ‘ - ~ ~‘;:,~~~~) , : t , : i . a f c , t , a - c ’ ’ ; : ’ - C die ; t -t m n : a x ’ t i e r i c ga, :’- a
w i t ;: I wo: ’ i t f l p u t ’ i t l a t a t ’ - ; , ’
~~~~~ Ca ;: ’ . i ; , - i , d ” . $, ‘: , ‘ ‘3- : ’i , Ar t - I . O a t , ~~~, l9~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
a - I 1- , . ’’. , r ’-, : , t - ,; ’ : . , - ‘~~; : - ~~~~. L x ” , , 7 , iL~~i ( 1 ‘: 0) .
Is
ww0 U)w z
w0~~~ -II—• w I-
~ w—
~~~~~~~uu.—-l— I I-
_ _ _ _ _ _
Id
~L~—ç~~~ ~~~~~~~z — z- L~~,. U)
I-J I z w oO N ,, I wo q~~ I
z~LI ~~ O0 ~~~CD
I O~~ Cl)Id EC!)I__ ui • ILl
r-
N ~~ ~~ck.
W E V i C~)U.~~~
_ _ _ _ _ ~~‘- -~~~~~
-J
I C)
_____U —
I-‘1 — f1~ 0
—
> 0 o _J
U
-i
Li z .I \I 0 ZI \ ci)
~HitV / Z I L O\ W Q Q
J~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
0 C\i-J o
Ui (9—
I_ 0 ILZ LLJ
o w
b -~~~~~-- -~~~~~~_- -,_~~~~~~~ - -
1
(o~~~ _~~~~
_ _ ,~~~~~~~ J
-~~~-- ~~~ - ---- ~~-~~-~~~~~~~ - - -.~~ ‘-— — -~~--‘-‘~~
0- -o
0
I
~ ~~ “i~9
-~~~~~ --~~~
- - - -~~~~~
¶1’0
-
‘~,, ‘~0- - F—
0
~~~~~~~ ; “i a ,~~’ M~ ~~~~‘~~~
- ‘I ~~~- S I - ” i LV ’ ~
-~
10
A ’
4.
‘
(‘I
~~~~~~
~
L
I
ci’
1 , 1
L ‘ ‘ - ~~- - ‘ ‘ -
~~~- - - ---
~~~~~~~~~~~~~
--_‘ ‘-- ~~~~-_ .~~~ - - ‘~~~~~~ .-‘ - -- -_ -~~~~‘~~~~~~~ ‘_ _- - -~~~~
C
8(‘4
I
‘ “-
— Co
-
_ _ _ nil ‘Ii’s ,
_ _ _
I Ti~~~~
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_,x’ _
—~~~-~~~ N C,
L -- - - - ‘ ‘- ~~~—- — - “ - ‘ -
~~ ‘-~~~--- - ~~-- --- -~~
____________________ — 0a
’
7 1
-_-__, — - - ‘— - ‘ - ‘ ‘
IL ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - ,‘
- - -.-- -‘~~,“ .-
—--‘-—
* L~~~~0_
h
• H , TII~—. -
-~
-
~
t~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- --4
_ _ _ _ _ ‘~~~~~~~~‘~~~~~~ ~~‘ -_ _ -_ _
,~~~ I
N
L ~
‘
r _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _
::i:_
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- - ----- -----
I _ _ ______
-
— :“~~,,., a -
I ....,,
~~~
— ,
~~~~,
- 1
~
-
~~~~- ,
~~~ I —‘-—- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ —
---4L -
.-‘~~ —~~~~~~~~- -
C----
-- ‘,-_~— - ‘
. ,.,.,. ,,,,, “!‘.
~
~~~~~~~
“~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ‘ - :,, , -“ a,,~~~~~~
—~~~~~~-~~~~~
_______ -
a - ‘
:~ ~~~~~~~
0
~~~~~~~~~~
-~~~~ “~‘~~~~~~~~~~
-
~~~~~~~~ r——
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
V.,..
~~~~ Ntt ,’-~~~
a
Id
- -“,, -
I—. ~~~
- --
- ‘5, ’
w ,,
t’t v~’
,.J LLI
I a
-,j._” —‘~~~~
—
E.g.I&l _
z
-
~~ a.
0
t
..~~
j
hhhi
~~~
—~~~~~~~.-_
I 1 - ‘ ~~~-
~~~~~~~~-
.,
It.~ j
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
E”—’
••,~~~~~
‘
L - - - - - -
-
‘ ‘=1~t’
a
I ’-
$ —‘~.,
‘.~ 1;
‘U. -,--‘--~~~~~- - ~,
W il l -
- - - . - ‘
- -I—. --
‘ — ~~r~~~ I
2 _ _
I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -c
- ‘5. —
F.” . —. ~~, ‘—,— ,‘—.‘. . :‘~ .&l— ~—
—
ii
~ii _ _
L - — - - - ----- - -
-~~~~ - . ‘ ‘ ~~~~~~~~-- - - - -‘5 -- . - ’-
0- ‘
—
~~~~~~~~
--- _ _ _ _
C
‘5
—
“-k
- .
-
~~~~- -
V
I
•
0
_jtI_l
, _, : ,~~z~~~~JI— ~~~~~ 0
~~ W
‘
~~~~
“t”~~’ :, -“~~~ C
I ~~~~~~
- ‘ i~m~ a
I— _i
~~~~~
;T ~~~~
- ~~‘ -
—~ _ 4~~~~~~~
--- ~~~~~~~2~~~~~~~~~~-
_ _ _ _ _ _ ‘ ‘ 5 ’_ ‘ . - ‘
7—., ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ‘5—
‘ - ‘ 5 - - -. - - - ‘‘
~~~~~~~~~~~~ ‘.-.‘ - -“--~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -“- - ‘ ----
~~~~~ a .- ,~~~~- —
- — -‘-‘5’- ._ S. - ‘______ -
_________ LIP
‘~~~ “~~~~~
1 -~~~~~~~ -~~~~~~
- , - ~~~~“ !.
I -
-~~~~~ i’s,
--
5,’a
- -.~~~~~~~
‘- t,
I “ ~~~~~~~~~ - aI
-
Ui ‘~~~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~~
~~ .~~“di’
- ~
‘-- ‘5 - —
I-. •-‘~~~~~~~
-~~~~~~~~~~-
z—
~~~ I
a’
- —— - -— ~~ ,~M_Li&.’
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ‘-- _
• 1
-a”
. . .- - —____
— ‘5 - — — --
I — a..— ~~~~~~
- -‘A~- ‘—
c..__
‘I” I
U i.,.,
I— -—.‘
Ui ‘ ,.
~~~~~—
‘0
L -- - - - -- - — ‘ - ‘ —5-- _ _
- - - -- - - - ‘ ‘~~~~~~ -‘~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
T7
-- -‘ 5- ” - ’ ‘-“ --- .-‘55--------- “ - ‘ -5- - -. -
‘I
t
—.-~~~~~~~~~~~
‘.0
0 ‘z
N‘.0
I ~‘
~~I
r~
-- -5- ‘5
r - - - — 5 - ‘ ‘ 5 ‘ - - - 5-,
1”- “5’
‘ID
I ’
~~~~/—‘ I
w~t
I-Ui
~~~~~~~~~~~~~ “ - _ _
E
I-
- ~“
~,qt P
I’
Ui I
p.-
~1
P..- -- -_‘—5-_‘ . ‘ - — - - , “ -- - - -, - ‘-_ _
‘ - ‘ ‘---- -,- — ‘ ‘ “ -
N-
“- 5-5-- -- ‘ - ‘- . -.--— “_-
~~~~~~~-“-
I
--5---
1~
--4
- ‘5 . ~~~ — - 5- - ’ - - --- ‘--- 5------
V .’-.
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ -5-- .. ---5-- - - ‘ - ‘ - - 5 ’ --5- - -“ - - ‘ -