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POLICE AND CRIME COMMISSIONERS – IMPLICATIONS FOR RACE EQUALITY
Mark Blake – BTEG
Neena Samota
AGENDA
Introduction
Aims and objectives
Exploring the context
Criminal justice and commissioning
INTRODUCTION
About BTEG
BAME CJS Network
Safer Future Communities Programme
Implications for the BAME VCSE and Criminal Justice landscape
SFC - NATIONAL PARTNERS
WHAT IS THE SFC PROGRAMME?
The local SFC Networks engage with PCCs and other local
community safety commissioners to promote the role of the VCSE sector in local community safety activities;
highlight the community safety concerns of VCSE organisations and the people they work with
influence the decisions and agendas set by the PCCs to ensure they are reflective of local needs.
SFC – LOCAL NETWORKS Co-ordinate and manage a diverse network Gather information and evidence around
local priorities and influence strategic plans Build links between the network and other
strategic partners Identify training and support needs of
network partners Provide evidence of the success and impact
of the network and of lessons for policy makers and practitioners
Ensure excluded groups and the vulnerable are heard and represented.
Relevance of race equality
Why it matters
What needs to be done
THE ELECTION OF POLICE AND CRIME COMMISSIONERS
Policing in the 21st century The Police Reform and Social Responsibility
Act 2011 shifts power away from Whitehall bureaucrats and, through Police and Crime Commissioners, into the hands of the public
It is the biggest shake-up to policing in 50 years…
This will introduce democratic accountability Give public greater say over policing,
increased visibility and strengthened accountability
HOWEVER…
POLICE AND CRIME COMMISSIONERS Appoint the Chief Constable (CC) and hold
them to account for the running of their force Set out a 5 year Police and Crime Plan (in
consultation with the CC) determining local policing priorities.
Set the annual local precept and annual force budget
Make community safety grants to a range of organisations
ROLE OF THE PCC
Scope of the role
Strategic direction and accountability for policing.[Protocol]
Working with partners to cut crime
Representing the public, the
vulnerable and victims
Contributing to regional and
national policing.[Strategic Policing
Requirement]
Ensuring value for money
POLICE AND CRIME PLANSPCCs must set out their 5 year police and crime plan by March 2013
Police and crime plan
Policing services from the
Chief Constable (or other
providers - in
consultation with
the Chief Constable)
.
Services for victims
of crime (dependen
t on the outcome
of consultati
on)
Wider services to
tackle crime and drugs and
keep communiti
es safe
POLICE AND CRIME PANELS Will be established in each force area to provide
regular, public scrutiny of the PCC.
Will be locally determined.
Under a duty to support, as well as challenge, the PCC.
They do not replace the police authority. These will cease to exist once PCCs are elected.
They are not a super-partnership. Although strong local partnership working will be vital.
COMPOSITION OF POLICE AND CRIME PANELS The Panel will include at least one representative
from each local authority in the force area. Where there is a directly elected mayor they will
have the option of sitting on the panel. Minimum of 10 Councillors and 2 independents. Option to co-opt further members, on approval
of Home Secretary, up to a maximum panel size of 20.
Balanced, as far as is practicable, to represent all parts and the political make up of the police force area.
Members must have the necessary skills, knowledge and experience.
KEY ROLE AND POWERS OF POLICE AND CRIME PANELS
Role Enabling Powers Powers of veto
Reviewing the draft Police and Crime
Plan
Reviewing the PCCs Annual Report
Must hold confirmation
hearings for CEO, CFO and Deputy
Overseeing all complaints against the PCC, informally
resolving non-criminal
Have access to papers (except those that are operationally
sensitive)
Can ask HMIC for a professional view on
CC dismissals
Can invite the CC to attend with the PCC
(cannot require)
Can require the PCC to attend a public
hearing
Setting of the precept
Appointment of Chief Constable
LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK
Working together
Reciprocal duties to co-
operate
Reciprocal duty to have regard
to priorities
PCC power to call together
CSPsPCC power to approve CSP
mergers
PCP oversight
OPPORTUNITIES FOR COLLECTIVE LEADERSHIP
Need to maximise collective leadership between PCC, community safety, justice, health and other partners, to ensure the needs of the public are met
Freedom to commission services from other bodies
Opportunities for broader collaboration on joint priorities, across reform agendas e.g. health reforms and troubled families work
PCC will take a strategic overview across local partnerships, seeking ways to drive and coordinate action across their area
LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK – DUTIES TO CO-OPERATE
Legislation provides a flexible framework for co-operation Intention is to enable collective local leadership on crime and justiceDeliberately broad and flexible, to allow local flexibility and innovation
Police Probation
Criminal JusticeSection 10(3)
CPSHMCTSPrison
ProbationYOT
JOINT COMMISSIONING
PCC
Clinical Commissioning Group
DAAT HWWBCommunity
Safety Partnership
NORTH WEST – REGIONS AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES
Cheshire = 8 Cumbria = 6 G.Manchester = 10 Lancashire = 14 Merseyside = 5 Total of 43 local
authorities Total BME population
7.8% for the NW includes 11.64% for Manchester and 7.58% for Lancashire
CHESHIRE PCC CANDIDATES
CUMBRIA PCC CANDIDATES
GREATER MANCHESTER PCC CANDIDATES
MERSEYSIDE PCC CANDIDATES
LANCASHIRE PCC CANDIDATES
PCC CANDIDATE PROFILE
24 candidates
4 independent
6 women
1 BAME
CHALLENGES Financial cost Public
engagement/awareness/understanding Preparation – national and local
responsibility Forging relationships Community safety, local and national
priorities
WHAT ABOUT EQUALITY Negotiating different needs Geography and demographics Children and young people Women Ethnic minority groups Provision of information Ring-fenced funding Voter Turnout Independent candidates
POLICING AND STOP AND SEARCH
A total of 1,205495 stop and searches were conducted in 2010/11
6 police forces carried out 60% of all stops and searches 43% of all stops and searches were carried out by
London Met 1 in 10 stop and searches leads to an arrest. More than
90% of stop and searches do not result in arrest Asians are stopped and searched at twice the rate of
white people Black people are stopped and searches at 7 time the
rate of white people If white people experienced the same level of stop and
search as black people there would be an additional 4.4 million stop and searches per year.Source: Stopwatch www.stop-watch.org/get-informed/
Source: Stopwatch www.stop-watch.org/get-informed/
Source: Stopwatch www.stop-watch.org/get-informed/
Source: Stopwatch www.stop-watch.org/get-informed/
ARRESTS - CHESHIRE
21.0
48.5
20.4 19.6
27.7
21.3 25.7
83.9
28.6
59.3
25.4 28.6
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
White Black or Black British Asian or AsianBritish
Mixed Chinese or other Total
Persons arrested per 1000 population, 2009/10
Cheshire England & Wales
32
2 2
10
27
0
15
4
7
25
2
5
10
26
1
15
6
10
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
Violenceagainst the
person
SexualOffences
Robbery Burglary Theft andhandling
stolengoods
Fraud andforgery
Criminaldamage
Drugoffences
Otheroffences
Arrests by offence group for those aged 10-17 (proportion of total)
Cheshire England & Wales
ARRESTS - CUMBRIA
24.6
32.5
14.1
22.1 17.4
24.5 25.7
83.9
28.6
59.3
25.4 28.6
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
White Black or Black British Asian or AsianBritish
Mixed Chinese or other Total
Persons arrested per 1000 population, 2009/10
Cumbria England & Wales
39
1 1
9
26
0
20
2 1
25
2
5
10
26
1
15
6
10
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
40.0
45.0
Violenceagainst the
person
SexualOffences
Robbery Burglary Theft andhandling
stolengoods
Fraud andforgery
Criminaldamage
Drugoffences
Otheroffences
Arrests by offence group for those aged 10-17 (proportion of total)
Cumbria England & Wales
ARRESTS – GREATER MANCHESTER
28.2
76.0
31.2
72.6
19.1
30.5 25.7
83.9
28.6
59.3
25.4 28.6
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
White Black or Black British Asian or AsianBritish
Mixed Chinese or other Total
Persons arrested per 1000 population, 2009/10
Greater Manchester England & Wales
ARRESTS - LANCASHIRE
33.4 31.4 30.5
71.5
6.2
33.5
25.7
83.9
28.6
59.3
25.4 28.6
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
White Black or Black British Asian or AsianBritish
Mixed Chinese or other Total
Persons arrested per 1000 population, 2009/10
Lancashire England & Wales
ARRESTS - MERSEYSIDE
34.9
95.5
16.7
40.5
28.6 36.2
25.7
83.9
28.6
59.3
25.4 28.6
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
120.0
White Black or Black British Asian or AsianBritish
Mixed Chinese or other Total
Persons arrested per 1000 population, 2009/10
Merseyside England & Wales
RACIST INCIDENTS
Police force area
2009/10 2010/11 %age change
Cheshire 385 425 11
Cumbria 213 219 3
Greater Manchester
4100 3288 -20
Lancashire 2132 1735 -19
Merseyside 1417 1313 -7
CHESHIRE HATE CRIME – CPS DATA 2010/11
Crime Type Prosecutions Convictions Convictions %
Eng &Wales %
Hate crime total
180 157 87.2% 82.8%
Disability 9 8 88.9% 79.8%
Homophobic & Transphobic
13 10 76.9% 80.7%
Race and religion
158 139 88.0% 83.1%
CUMBRIA HATE CRIME – CPS DATA 2010/11
Crime Type Prosecutions Convictions Convictions %
Eng &Wales %
Hate crime total
91 76 83.5% 82.8%
Disability 1 1 100% 79.8%
Homophobic & Transphobic
19 17 89.5% 80.7%
Race and religion
71 58 81.7% 83.1%
GREATER MANCHESTER HATE CRIME – CPS DATA 2010/11
Crime Type Prosecutions Convictions Convictions %
Eng &Wales %
Hate crime total
1441 1239 86.0% 82.8%
Disability 67 57 85.1% 79.8%
Homophobic & Transphobic
119 98 82.4% 80.7%
Race and religion
1255 1084 86.4% 83.1%
LANCASHIRE HATE CRIME – CPS DATA 2010/11
Crime Type Prosecutions Convictions Convictions %
Eng &Wales %
Hate crime total
616 492 79.9% 82.8%
Disability 21 20 95.2% 79.8%
Homophobic & Transphobic
45 29 64.4% 80.7%
Race and religion
550 443 80.6% 83.1%
MERSEYSIDE HATE CRIME – CPS DATA 2010/11
Crime Type Prosecutions Convictions Convictions %
Eng &Wales %
Hate crime total
637 504 79.1% 82.8%
Disability 47 33 70.2% 79.8%
Homophobic & Transphobic
73 64 87.7% 80.7%
Race and religion
517 407 78.7% 83.1%
NORTH WEST PRISONS HMP ALTCOURSE Liverpool - Male Local HMP BUCKLEY HALL Lancashire - Male Cat. C HMP-YOI FOREST BANK Manchester - Male Cat. B and YOI HMP GARTH Preston - Male Cat. B HMP HAVERIGG Cumbria - Male Cat. C HMYOI HINDLEY Wigan - Juvenile (under 18) ISLE of MAN PRISON Isle of Man - Local HMP KENNET Liverpool Merseyside - Male Cat. D HMP KIRKHAM Preston Lancs - Male Cat. D HMYOI LANCASTER FARMS Lancaster - Male YOI HMP LANCASTER CASTLE - Male Cat. C HMP LIVERPOOL Liverpool - Male Local HMP MANCHESTER Manchester - High Security HMP PRESTON Preston Lancashire - Male Local HMP RISLEY Warrington Cheshire - Male Cat. C HMP STYAL Wilmslow Cheshire - Female Closed Training HMYOI THORN CROSS Warrington Cheshire - Male YOI HMP WYMOTT Preston - Male Cat. C
OPPORTUNITIES Securing local priorities that are
evidence based Influence/lobby PCC candidates Post-election engagement with PCC New way of doing things – challenge
status quo Cross boundary co-operation Collaboration on shared agendas such
as community budgets (whole-place and neighbourhood-level), health and social care and safeguarding
INFLUENCE AND PARTICIPATION
IMPACT ON BAME-LED ORGANISATIONS
The community safety fund will be
transferred from community safety
partnerships to the PCC. Existing
funding streams will be diverted to
this new fund and will no longer be
ring-fenced. PCCs will determine how
and if specific services will get funded.
WHAT CAN BAME-LED ORGANISATIONS DO?
Engage with their SFC networks
Organise strategy meetings with BAME-led organisations in their region
Attend hustings and stop and search your PCC candidates
Distribute information leaflets
Use social media and networks to cascade information
YOUR ROLE IN IMPROVING COMMISSIONING
Influence good contract design Clarity on outcomes – their purpose
and design Providing evidence – research and
evaluation Responsibility to capture good quality
data Facilitate member-led projects Knowledge and experience Flexibility and continuity
YOUR ROLE IN IMPROVING COMMISSIONING
Influence commissioning by demonstrating effectiveness of interventions that others are not willing to test
Create partnerships to improve strength and common purpose
Document inequalities and differential impact on user groups
Participate and initiate joint needs assessment
THANK YOU FOR YOUR PATIENCE!