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Package ManagementTim Liou (@lyt)
5/075/03 (Thu) 11:00 ~ 12:00 @ 2175/10 (Thu) 11:00 ~ 12:00 @ 217
Overview● Motivation● Package manager● Quick overview of Arch Build System (ABS)● In-Class Lab
Motivation
Manual Installation
http://kb.mozillazine.org/Installing_Firefox_on_Windows
Installation wizards are not scalable. (Do you remember last time you reinstall softwares of your choice while reinstalling your Windows box?)
Manual Installationwget https://iperf.fr/download/source/iperf-3.1.3-source.tar.gztar zxf iperf-3.1.3-source.tar.gzcd iperf && ./configure && make && sudo make install
git clone https://github.com/django/django.gitcd djangosudo python setup.py install
● What if they have dependencies?● What if someday you want to remove
them safely?● What if they conflict with installed files?● What if you can’t afford compiling them?● What if the install scripts are malicious?● What if you want to upgrade them?
Oops… I just ran Bumblebee’s install script with root
https://github.com/MrMEEE/bumblebee-Old-and-abbandoned/issues/123
rm -rf /usr /lib/nvidia-current/xorg/xorg
Oops… I just ran Bumblebee’s install script with root
https://github.com/MrMEEE/bumblebee-Old-and-abbandoned/issues/123
Oops… I just ran Steam’s install script with root
https://github.com/ValveSoftware/steam-for-linux/issues/3671
rm -rf “$STEAMROOT/”*
Oops… I just ran Steam’s install script with root
https://github.com/ValveSoftware/steam-for-linux/issues/3671
Package Manager
The goal of package managerEnable the user do the following things with ease:
● Search & install new software● Upgrade software● Safely remove software● Verify the downloaded software content
Language package manager
System package manager
dpkg/aptpacman
rpm/yum/dnf
rpm/zypper
nix
LPM vs SPM● Language package managers are good for quickly sharing code written
purely in that language with other developers.● Some Language package repository allows arbitrary developers to upload
packages. Hard to enforce package signing.● Most system package managers won't let you have multiple versions of a
library installed at all● System package, compare to Language package, usually have to be
checked more carefully to make sure it is acceptable
How are you involved in?
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Developer Maintainer User
Work on upstream project
* Every distribution has their own maintainers* Create the distribution-specific experience* Package stability, default options, usability
Enjoy & give feedback
Workflow
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new release
report bugs,contribute code
patch, review, build
Download
report bugs
feature request
Quick overview of Arch Build System (ABS)
ABS● Official repository
○ core, extra, community, multilib, testing
● PKGBUILD○ a Bash script that contains the compilation and packaging instructions
● makepkg○ shell command tool which reads the PKGBUILDs, automatically downloads and compiles the
sources and creates a package tarball
● pacman○ install and remove the built packages and for fetching dependencies
● AUR○ a community-driven repository for Arch users
References● https://www.csie.ntu.edu.tw/~hsinmu/courses/_media/nasa_17spring/slides/p
ackage_management.pdf● https://lwn.net/Articles/712318/● https://medium.com/@sdboyer/so-you-want-to-write-a-package-manager-4ae
9c17d9527● https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Arch_Build_System● https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11096368
