PACKET BTopic

Workshop #10

The Neolithic Era

Module

4

PERIOD 1KEY CONCEPT

1.2The Neolithic Revolution and

Early Agricultural Societies

KEY CONCEPT 1.2Beginning about 10,000 years ago, some

human communities adopted sedentism and

agriculture, while others pursued

hunter-forager or pastoralist lifestyles—

different pathways that had significant

social and demographic ramifications.

AP Themes 1.2.16 Thematic Learning Objectives

INTERACTION Neolithic RevolutionFarming and IrrigationAgricultural Diversity & Abundance

POLITICAL Development of Elites

ECONOMIC Neolithic RevolutionDiffusion of Domesticated Plants & AnimalsDevelopment of Agriculture & PastoralismAssociated Technological Innovations

Topic Workshop #10PRIMARY STATEMENT OF ANALYSIS

The Neolithic Revolution led to the

development of more complex

economic and social systems.

As the Pleistocene Age ended and the Holocene Age began,

the average global temperature began to rise

allowing hominids to migrate beyond the equator to other regions and continents and new foods and resources.

CAUSATION

EVIDENCE

Topic Workshop #10Supporting Statement of Evidence

Possibly as a response to climatic change,

permanent agricultural villages emerged first in

the lands of the eastern Mediterranean.

Agriculture emerged independently in

Mesopotamia, the Nile River Valley, Sub-Saharan

Africa, the Indus River, the Yellow River (or

Huang-He) Valley, Papua New Guinea,

Mesoamerica, and the Andes.

EVIDENCE

EVIDENCE

The NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION is marked by the movement from

Foraging Societies to Settled Agriculture. This developed

independently across the globe at different times.

PERIODIZATION

There was an overlapping era between Paleolithic and Neolithic cultures as cities GRADUALLY moved from foraging to agriculture: Mesolithic Age

-Domestication of Animals-Development of Pottery-Slash-and-Burn Agriculture

EVIDENCE

Topic Workshop #10Supporting Statement of Evidence

People in each region domesticated locally

available plants and animals.

EVIDENCEDiffusion of Domesticated Plants

EVIDENCEDiffusion of Domesticated Animals

EVIDENCEAgricultural Diversity & Abundance

Topic Workshop #10Supporting Statement of Evidence

Pastoralism developed in Afro-Eurasia

grasslands, affecting the environment in a

variety of ways.

Pastoralists affected the environment by grazing large numbers of animals on fragile

grasslands, leading to soil erosion when the land was

overgrazed.

CAUSATION

EVIDENCE

Topic Workshop #10Supporting Statement of Evidence

Agricultural communities had to work

cooperatively to clear land and create the

water control systems needed for crop

production, drastically affecting

environmental diversity.

Agricultural practices associated with the Neolithic

Revolution and irrigation drastically impacted

environmental diversity as some crops and animals

became preferred to others.

CAUSATION

In order to control labor forces for large scale agricultural or irrigation projects, a class of elites develops.

CAUSATION

EVIDENCEDevelopment of Elites

EVIDENCELarge-Scale Irrigation Projects

Permanent settlements emerge in the form of

Neolithic Villages across Afro-Eurasia.

(NOT civilizations)

EVIDENCE

Jericho, Mesopotamia 10,000BCE

EVIDENCE

Catal-Huyuk, Turkey 6500BCE

EVIDENCE

EVIDENCE

Skara-Brae, Scotland 3500BCE

EVIDENCE

PACKET BTopic

Workshop #10

The Neolithic Era

Module

4

QUESTIONS? COMMENTS? CONCERNS?

GROUP ACTIVITY

1. DISCUSS:Topic Workshop Analysis Sheet #10

2. GROUP ACTIVITY B2The Art of Neolithic Africa