Humphrey.book Page 287 Wednesday, August 3, 2005 7:05 PMptgmedia.pearsoncmg.com/images/0321349628/index/humphrey... · 2009-06-09 · earned value, 101 FAA, 59 first crisis, 96 how

287

INDEX

Absenteeism, 212Accelerating teambuilding, 253Accomplishments, advertising, 170Accuracy, estimating, 57, 161, 222Achievements, measuring, 16Achieving team consensus, 79 Acting like a leader, 17Action

motivating, 197plan, 171

Adams, Scott, 37Additional

resources, 87tasks, 183

Adopting new methods, 109Advertising accomplishments, 170Advice, asking for, 212Advisory networks, 278Agreement, 38Alcoa, 142Allocation

resource, 49task, 88

Alternative plans, 87Aluminum, making, 142Amateur, discipline, 27Ambition, overpowering, 211Analysis

quality, 148risk, 88

Application skills, 50, 64Appraisals, 182Aptitudes, 64Asking for

advice, 178help, 169, 178

Aspirations, personal, 5 Assessing

chances of success, 111change impact, 189progress, 170status, 102team, 194

Assessment questions, 194Assigning role responsibilities, 254Attitude

changing, 197coaching, 244developer, 204leadership, 7, 15management, 189membership, 194opening meeting, 53, 84ownership, 197team, 53

Austin, Robert D., 16, 19, 36, 41, 206, 214Available

benchmark, 222data, 86

Average defects injected, 186development time, 187test defects, 186

Bad news, reporting, 174Balanced workload, 101Balancing

load, 57, 88, 99loyalties, 285priorities, 189team plan, 88workload, 57, 88, 99

Humphrey.book Page 287 Wednesday, August 3, 2005 7:05 PM

288 Index

Becoming a leader, 14, 16 Behavior

and teamwork, 51interpersonal, 51leadership, 242management, 157required, 119self-directed teams, 24standard of, 7team leader, 7, 242team member, 194teamwork, 51TSP, 119

Behavioral standards, 7Being

a benchmark, 227a coach, 207a leader, 14, 229, 233a manager, 233a transformational leader, 234firm, 125

Belonging, 25, 235Benchmark

availability, 222being a, 227challenging, 222definition, 220dynamic, 224effective, 224elements of, 220measurable, 221measures, 221, 222productivity, 223relevance, 221representative, 222requirements, 220task time, 223timeliness, 222when to, 227why is motivating, 224yourself, 226

Benefitsfollowing the process, 128PSP training, 158–164quality, 142TSP, 128–131, 164

Best-in-class, 227Blame game, 238Bloom, Benjamin S., 65, 69Bonuses, 206Boundaries, team, 25British Army, 12Brooks, Frederick P., Jr., 109, 113, 242, 249

Brooks, Patricia, 202, 214Brown, Arnold, 230, 249Building

conviction, 67credibility, 90motivation, 39 skills, 66, 209talent, 243teams, 43trust, 63, 231, 232trusting relationships, 63workforce, 247

Builds, multiple, 86Bureau of Labor Statistics, 202Bureaucratic momentum, 12 Burma, 35Burnout, 202, 204, 216

Calculations, completion date, 175Candidates

interviewing, 62misleading references, 62

Capability, people, 201Capability Maturity Model, Integrated, 281Carey, Frank, 43Challenges

future, 245leadership, 231team leader, 5, 110, 118technical, 35technology, 245

Challenging goals, 14work, 203

Changes assessing impact of, 189customer, 112free, 98frequent, 98, 183goals, 240guidelines, 240managing, 98plan, 240staffing, 240strategy for managing, 98

Changing attitudes, 197direction, 111goals, 240requirements, 98, 189

Characteristicsself-directed team, 24, 72team, map of, 73


Index 289

Charts, run, 220Checklist

launch preparation, 80PREPL, 80Quarterly Review, 173updating, 149

Checkpoint, 110Chrissis, Mary Beth, 281, 286Clark, David, 202, 214Clear goals, 6 Close-knit groups, 25CMMI, 281Coach, TSP, 78, 280

being a, 207why needed, 78working with a, 280

Coaching, 241attitude, 244example, 243objective, 208responsibilities, 235role managers, 257tasks, 243while leading, 242

Code reviews, 147Coding standards, 146Cognitive

dissonance, 33learning, 66

Cohesiondefinition, 25 versus team size, 38

Cohesive groups, 25, 74, 193teams, 235

Commercial off-the-shelf software (COTS), 255Commitment

conditions for, 48definition, 37elements of, 37leader, 14personal, 15

Commitments, 238as motivators, 35 credible, 39, 87how made, 48intermediate, 35 making on the fly, 90owned, 39personal, 241quality, 199short term, 35status, reporting, 172

team, 38, 87, 199team member, 199to goals, 238trusting, 38visible, 39, 87voluntary, 39, 87

Common goals, 22, 26, 238team goal, 238workspace, 188, 196

Communication channels, 165maintaining, 232responsibility, team leader, 235team, 56, 195, 232, 235team member, 57

Compensating feedback, 34Competence

conflict with interests, 202improving, 64interests and motivation, 202

Competitive measures, 23Complaints

example, 125listening to, 125nature of, 124symptom of problems, 198team, 198understanding, 125

Completion date, calculating 175, 176Conceptual design, 82Concerns, management, 119, 171Conditions

commitment, 48teambuilding, 72, 73

Confidence, in members, 8Confidentiality, data, 188Configuration management, 282Conflicting

loyalties, 234strategies, 111

Conviction, leadership, 124Consensus

achieving, 79agreed, 79team, 84

Consequenceslack of PSP training, 59 quality improvement, 108

Consonant ideas, 33Contents

launch report, 89management reports, 171


290 Index

Contiguous workspace, 188Continuous improvement, 140Contradictory strategies, 111Control

problems, handling, 156project, 156

Convictionbuilding, 67establishing, 67 team leader, 124

Cooperation, 22, 25 Cooperative

behavior standard, 7 teams, 22

Cost, 108of quality, 139

COTS (commercial off-the-shelf software), 255Course, PSP, 58Craven, John, 1Creative work, 118Credibility, 38

building, 90Credible commitments, 39, 87Creep, requirements, 98Crisis, 96

creating, 110example, 96first, 96management, 110, 170, 182preventing, 182

Criteria, team member selection, 63CrossTalk, 281, 286Customer

environment, 112interface manager, 258involving, 112requests, 184satisfying, 139

Data available, 86composite team, 127confidentiality, 188for launch, 82gathering, 55, 58, 123

resistance to, 144handling, 148individual, 148misuse, 148, 206personal, 188, 189prior project, 82 problems, 126

quality, 143recording, 123related problems, 126team, 189testing, example, 218using, 58

Date, completion, 175, 176Davis, Noopur, 128, 132, 140, 151, 156, 159,

168, 186, 190Dead-end jobs, 202Decisions

effective, 12 timely, 12

Dedication to excellence, 27, 241Defect, 223

definition, 134free, percent, see PDFinjected, average, 186levels, typical, 142management, priority of, 138prevention, 141reduction, PSP, 160 removal profile, 225reviews, 147, 149spacecraft, 135–137system test example, 153test, 130, 159, 186unit test, 160

Defective modules, 144, 219Defined process, nature of, 78 Defining

processes, 58 skill needs, 63success, 108team goals, 166

Definition benchmarking, 220cohesion, 25commitment, 37 defect, 134development, 242difficult person, 208earned value (EV), 177EV (earned value), 177fidelity, process, 116leadership, 229leadership team, 284management, 13, 233managing, 233motivation, 31 ownership, 239politics, 234


Index 291

process fidelity, 116quality, 134roles, 251SEPG (software engineering process

group), 281success, 108task hours, 101, 102transactional leadership, 233transformational leadership, 233

Delays, staffing, 185Delegation, 247Demands, leadership, 5DeMarco, Tom, 22, 29Depression, 212Describing problems, 171Description, EV, 177Design

and quality, 141conceptual, 82inspections, 147manager, 260quality, 141reviews, 147standards, 146

Destroying the team, 126, 196, 204Detailed plans, 57, 99Developer

attitudes, 204evaluation, 204, 206feelings, 204responsibilities, 144

Developmentand innovation, 110productivity, 162 strategy, 86team, 193

motivating, 216team member, 201time, PSP average, 187work, nature of, 101

Difficult people, 178, 208–211

definition, 208handling, 178, 208–211principles for handling, 210

team members, 208Difficulties, handling, 110Dilbert, 37Dilemma, manager’s, 174Direction, changing, 111Director of Programming, IBM, 17

Disabling ignorance, 34personality, 212

Discipline, 27, 231amateur, 27expert, 27professional, 203team, 231work, 231

Dissonance, cognitive, 33Dissonant ideas, 33Drinking problems, 212Driving toward goal, 111Drucker, Peter F., 34, 41 Drug problems, 212Duration, plan, 88Dyer, Jean L., 22, 29 Dynamic

benchmarking, 224knowledge, 97load balancing, 57 planning, 97, 98

Earned value, see EVEarning leadership, 14Edicts, management, 102Effective benchmarks, 224Elements

of benchmarking, 220of commitment, 37

Emotional needs, 32Employee turnover, 24, 203, 204, 247 Engineering

essence of, 7 integrated, 245unwritten rule of, 38

Environmentcustomer, 112stimulating, 24 working, 74

Error effort estimates, 130schedule, 129, 162

Essence of engineering, 7teamwork, 25

Establishing conviction, 67quality goals, 145quality responsibility, 144

Esteem, 32


292 Index

Estimating, 51 accuracy, 57, 130, 161, 222added work, 183and teamwork, 51 changes, 183completion date, 175error, 130, 161 lines of code, 223skills, 51tools, 78

EV (earned value), 175definition, 177description, 177schedule calculations, 175when reliable, 102

Evaluation developer, 204, 206measures, 36 objective, 204people, 204, 206team member, 204, 206

Example adopting new methods, 109aluminum manufacture, 142assessing status, 102balanced workload, 101benchmark measures, 222–225coaching, 243complaints, 125crisis, 96data confidentiality, 188difficult people, 208–210earned value, 101FAA, 59first crisis, 96how reports help, 170IBM, 43, 59, 279IBM sales plan, 207improvement strategy, 217industrial quality, 138informal information network, 278management reports, 174maturity, task, and relationship, 205measurement problem, 207multiple team TSP, 191networks, 278priorities, 108process complaints, 125quality, 138relationship maturity, 205reports, 174

setting an, 6status reports, 174system test defects, 153 task hour, 93team

member complaints, 125players, 67progress report, 174

teamwork, 93testing data, 218Trans-Siberian Railway, 207TSP multi-team, 191unbalanced workload, 99, 100untrained team members, 164weekly meetings, 195weekly reports, 94

Excellence, 27, 241Executive

information sources, 279style, 279

Exercises, teambuilding, 74problems with, 74

Expectationsmanagement, 3 team, 4 team members, 4

Experience prior, 86rewarding, 5

Experiments, workspace, 188Expert, discipline, 27Expulsion, threat of, 128Extrinsic motivation, 15

FAA, 43, 59Facilities, needed, 187Factions, team, 196Facts, learning, 66Fairness, 203Fear, as motivator, 35, 36, 128Federal Aviation Administration, see FAAFeedback, 26, 34, 195, 197

compensating, 34immediate, 197importance of, 34, 220improvement, 220need for, 195precise, 56 team, 56 timely, 40, 197

Feelings, developer, 204


Index 293

Festinger, Leon, 33, 41 Fidelity, process, 116, 118Financial

groups, 284network, 278rewards, 16

Firing, 182First crisis, 96First-level managers, 181Five properties of self-directed teams, 24, 25Fixing plan problems, 240Fluency, language, 64Focus, product, 107Following

leaders, 14plans, 96, 241process, 58, 115, 116, 128

benefits of, 128Formation, team, 49, 61Formed teams, inheriting, 63Forms, TSP

MTG, 122WEEK, 175

Free changes, 98Frequency, reporting, 174Frequent

changes, 183team meetings, 195

Future challenges, 245

Game, blame, 238Gathering data, 55, 58, 123, 143

problems, 144Gawande, Atul, 27, 29 Getting help, 104Goals, 197

and motivation, 33 challenging, 14changing, 240clear, 6 commitment to, 238common, 22, 26 defining, 166driving toward, 111immediate, 6 importance, 26improvement, 216, 217leader’s, 14measurable, 197personal, 5, 102problems, 197quality, 140, 145, 149

rewarding, 14short term, 109team, 6, 84, 197unachievable, 33 worthwhile, 230yield, 87

Greed, as a motivator, 35, 36 Groups

close-knit, 25, 195 cohesive, 25, 74financial, 284personnel, 284staff and support, 283

Guidance, management, 87Guidelines

changing plans, 240management meeting, 89, 90opening management meeting, 53, 84plan changes, 240reporting, 171role selection, 256

Handling added work, 183control problems, 156difficult people, 178, 208–211individual problems, 238people problems, 208–211, 238poor performers, 211–213problems, 171quality data, 148requests for help, 182

Hardware interface manager, 255Help

asking for, 104, 169, 178 getting, 104requests for, 104, 178

Hierarchy of needs, 32High-performing teams, 23 Hiring, 182Hot torpedo, 2Hours, task, 56, 102

definition, 102How to

make commitments, 48request help, 169

Human performance, 241Humphrey, Watts S., 13, 15, 19, 26, 29, 58, 60,

116, 117, 132, 147, 148, 151, 156, 159, 165, 168, 172, 175 179, 187, 190, 202, 203, 204, 214, 222, 228, 234, 249, 283, 286


294 Index

Iacocca, Lee, 6, 10, 242, 249IBM, 17, 43, 207, 232, 279Ideas

consonant, 33dissonant, 33

Identifyingareas to improve, 34potential leaders, 68quality problems, 144 strengths, 34suitable team members, 62talent, 65

Ignorance, disabling, 34Impact of poor work, 27 Implementation manager, 262Importance of

feedback, 34goals, 26quality, 133, 134, 199

Improvement continuous, 140feedback, 220goals, 216, 217measures, 220motivating, 216objectives, 217plan, 104, 219 priorities, 218process, 217productivity, 163, 164resources, 219strategy, 217tracking, 220

Improving competence, 64performance, 119, 215, 241productivity, 163, 164quality, consequences, 108task hours, 102team performance, 215

Inadequate resources, 158Incompetent leadership, 11 Increasing

productivity, 103task hours, 102

Independent testing, 283India, 35Individual

data, 188performance, 24, 33problems, handling, 238

Industrial quality example, 138Informal networks, 278

Information sources, executive, 279Inheriting formed teams, 63Injected defects, average, 186Innovation, 110Insecurity, job, 205Inspection, 141

code, 147design, 147quality strategy, 141

Installation manager, 255Integrated

engineering, 245leadership, 246

Intellectual work, 65, 118Interdependence, 22Interesting

jobs, 4 work, 5

Interests, 65, 202 competence and motivation, 202conflict with competence, 202team, 5

Intermediate goals, 6 Internal recruiting, 62International Business Machines (IBM), 43,

207, 232, 279Interpersonal behavior, 51Interviewing team candidates, 62Intrinsic motivation, 15Investment, in TSP, 158Invisible, becoming, 171 Involving customer, 112Issues

resolving, 196team formation, 61unresolvable, 84

Jelled team, 22, 23 Job

and motivation, 35 dead end, 202insecurity, 205interesting, 4 leadership, 3 manager, 181rewarding, 4 role manager, 254scope, 184security, 4 team leader, 3, 235top priority, 8, 75, 138, 193, 209

Journey, quality, 140, 142


Index 295

Kennard, George, 43Kinds of motivation, 35 Knowledge, dynamic, 97Korean War, 16

Language fluency, 64LAU, script, 76 Launch, 51, 71

leading, 84meetings, 52, 77, 84–91objectives, 72, 78opening meeting, 52, 84overview, 75 participants, 82postmortem, 91preparation, 79

checklist, 80process, 75products, 54 report, 89

contents, 89script, 76 support, 78TSP, 51, 71

Launching the team, 51 Leader

acting like a, 17and followers, 14becoming a, 14, 16being a, 16, 229, 233, 234commitment, 14job of, 3, 7, 8or manager, 14, 233potential, 68subordinate, 17versus manager, 14 vision, 14

Leadership, 5, 11, 229absence of, 11 and coaching, 242and managing, 233, 234attitude, 7, 15behavior, 242challenges, 110, 231commitment, 14definition, 229demands, 5earned, 14example, 6 goals, 14 incompetent, 11 integrated, 246

job, 3, 7, 8, 18 need for, 27poor, 12 potential, 68 problems, 11, 13 responsibility, 201, 235, 236role, 235setting an example, 6standards, 7, 231symptoms of poor, 12tasks, 243team, 284transactional, 15, 36, 233transformational, 15, 233, 234vision, 14weak, 124

Leading a TSP launch, 84and coaching, 242and managing, 233, 234from below, 17versus managing, 13

Learning cognitive, 66facts, 66

Learson, T. Vincent, 43, 59Lethargic teams, 216Limitations, measurement, 207Limiting launch participation, 82Linberg, Kurt, 5, 10 Line of code (LOC) projections, 223Lister, Timothy, 22 Load balancing, 57, 88, 99LOC, see line of codeLogic

for PSP, 116for reporting, 170for TSP, 117

Loyalty, 234, 247 balancing, 285conflicting, 234

MacArthur, Douglas, 16Magellan spacecraft, 136, 137Maintaining

communication, 232motivation, 48 plan, 99, 199priorities, 108product focus, 107team, 191team communication, 232


296 Index

Management attitude, 189behavior, 157concerns, 119, 171configuration, 282crisis, 110, 170defect, 138definition, 13, 233dilemma, 174edicts, 102expectations, 3, 4 guidance, 87meeting, 52, 84

guidelines, 89negotiating with, 97opening meeting, 52, 84plan review, 89prerogatives, 124pressure, 102priorities, 4, 5, 182

versus team, 4, 5 quality, 51, 64, 139, 146relating to, 153reporting to, 169reports, 57, 170

contents, 171example, 174guidelines, 171launch, 89

requests, 189resistance, 155responsibilities, 3, 235reviews, 110schedule desires, 167status reports, 57style, 174support, 126, 155, 167

for planning, 167for process, 126getting, 126

surprising, 172task time, 102team, 68trust in team, 167wants, 167

Manager being a, 233first level, 181job, 181or leader, 13, 233 principal responsibility, 3 quality, 87, 146, 270, 281

responsibilities, 3 successful, 182support, 272, 282test, 264, 283versus leader, 14

Managing changes, 98definition, 13, 233plan, 95quality, 58, 133, 138teams, 233, 234versus leading, 13

Map of team characteristics, 73 Market, time to, 23Marshall Plan, 16Maslow, Abraham, 31, 41, 127, 132Maturity

relationship, 204, 205task, 204, 205

Maximizing team performance, 201McAndrews, Donald R., 128, 132, 140, 151,

156, 159, 168, 186, 190McLean, E.R., 247, 249Measurable

benchmarks, 221goals, 197

Measurement limitations, 207personal, 141problem, 206quality, 141user-based, 141

Measures benchmark, 221, 222competitive, 23evaluation, 36improvement, 220motivational, 224personal, 141quality, 108simple, 207user-based, 141

Measuring achievements, 16 people, 206quality, 58, 108, 140, 141

Meeting management, 52, 84report, 120

form, 122Meetings

team, 56, 195


Index 297

TSP launch, 52, 77, 84–91weekly, 56, 57, 195

Membership, 25, 127, 235attitude, 194facets of, 127sense of, 235team, 83, 194

Methodsadopting new, 109quality management, 146

Milestone status, 56 Minimizing effort, 36 Misleading references, 62Mismatch, skill, 211Misuse of data, 206Mitigation

plans, 89risk, 88

Mix of talents, 24Modules

defective, 219reinspecting, 144

Morgan, Ben B., 51, 60 Motivated

employees, 202teams, requirements for, 48

Motivating action, 197development teams, 216improvement, 216measures, 224teams, 72, 127, 216, 224team members, 166technical people, 202

Motivation, 31 and goals, 33, 202and performance, 38 and the job, 35benchmark, 224building, 39by commitment, 35, 38 by fear, 35, 36, 128 by greed, 35, 36competence and interest, 202definition, 31elements of, 39extrinsic, 15fear, 35, 36, 128interests and competence, 202intrinsic, 15kinds of, 127 maintaining, 48

membership, 127recognition, 127requirements for, 48 safety, 128self-actualization, 127steps to, 72survival, 128sustaining, 34, 39, 40, 48system, 40team, 31, 127, 195team member, 166, 195technical

challenge, 35people, 202

threats as, 128to follow the process, 127

Motivational measures, 224MTG form, 122Multi-dimensional problems, 245Multi-team

networks, 284TSP, 83, 191, 284

Multiple-defect modules, 219

Napoleon, 230Nature of

complaints, 124defined process, 78development work, 101team member complaints, 124

Need for coaching, 78leadership, 27roles, 252self-directed teams, 24teams, 23training, 58, 117 TSP coach, 78

Needs emotional, 32hierarchy of, 32physical, 32skill, 49, 50

Negotiation, 37 plan, 54schedule, 84with management, 97

Nerve, team leader, 124Networking, 165, 277Networks, 278

advisory, 278financial, 278


298 Index

Networks, cont.informal, 278multi-team, 284organizational, 278

New methods, adopting, 109Nikora, Allen P., 135, 151

Objectives coaching, 208daily, 197improvement, 217launch, 72, 78people evaluation, 204team leader, 47, 48 TSP launch, 72, 78weekly, 197worker, 16

Obstaclesovercoming, 110unsuspected, 111

Open door policies, 165Opening management meeting, 52, 84Organizational networks, 278Overall plan, 86Overcoming obstacles, 110Overview

launch, 75TSP, 47

Ownership commitment, 39 definition, 239of process, 26, 239of quality, 139plan, 26, 239problem, symptoms of, 198team, 59, 197

Parsons, J. M., 34, 41 Part-time team members, 25, 184Participants, TSP launch, 82Participation

in TSP launch, 82limiting, 82team, 104team member, 89why limit, 82

PDF (percent defect free), 223, 226Peer support, 56, 145People

capability, 201difficult, 178, 208

examples, 208–213handling, 178

evaluation, 204, 206loyalty, 247measuring, 206

Percent defect free, see PDFPerformance, 38

and motivation, 38benchmark, 220 effect of feedback, 34 human, 241improving, 216, 241individual, 24, 33, 224maximizing, 201manager, 255personal, 224poor, reasons for, 211problems, 211–213quality, 199schedule, 57self-actualizing, 33, 127standard, 220team, 23, 124, 215

maximizing, 201member, 188

unequal, 204variations, 208, 226

Personal aspirations, 5 commitment, 15, 241data, 188, 189goals, 5, 102measurement, 141performance, 224Software Process, see PSP

Personality disabling, 212problems, 205

Personnel groups, 284problems, 124, 182, 208–213

Physical needs, 32Piecework systems, 36 Plan

action, 171alternative, 87as a reference, 198balancing, 88changes, 240detailed, 57, 99differs from work, 240duration, 88following, 96, 241improvement, 104, 219maintaining, 99, 199

Humphrey.book Page 298 Wednesday, August 10, 2005 11:20 AM

Index 299

managing, 95mitigation, 89negotiations, 54 overall, 86owning, 26, 239principal value, 97problems, 240quality, 87, 146reviewing with management, 89reviews, 146sales, IBM, 207static, 98tracking, 56 value of, 97

Planning, 51, 58 dynamic, 97, 98importance, for team, 198manager, 266overall, 86 problems, 75skills, 51, 64support for, 167team, 53, 167, 198time, 98tools, 78

Policies, open door, 165Politics, 234Poor

leadership, symptoms of, 12performers

handling, 211reasons for, 211

Poor work, 204cost of, 139impact of, 27

Postmortem, launch, 91Potential

leaders, 68replacements, 68

Power of teams, 23PQI (process quality index), 148Predictable schedules, 128Preferences and aptitudes, 64Preparation

launch, 79launch report, 89

PREPL, 80Prerogatives, management, 124Pressure, management, 102Prevention

crisis, 182defect, 141

Principal responsibilities, managers, 3

Principles handling difficult people, 210PSP, 116quality management, 139

Prior experience, 86Priorities

balancing, 189cost, 108differing, 5 example, 108improvement, 218maintaining, 108management, 4professional, 4quality, 108, 139schedule, 108setting, 108team, 4, 107team leader, 8, 75, 138, 193, 209

Privacy manager, 255Private workspace, 188Problems

absenteeism, 212control, 156data

gathering, 144related, 126

describing, 171drinking, 212drugs, 212gathering data, 144goal, 197handling, 211, 238individual, 238leadership, 13 measurement, 206multi-dimensional, 245ownership, 198performance, 211personality, 205personnel, 124, 182, 208–213plan, 240plan maintenance, 199planning, 75political, 234process, handling, 124quality, identifying, 144responsibility, 203skill, 185staffing, 184strategy for handling, 171team, handling, 238teambuilding exercises, 74


300 Index

Problems, cont.usability, 111workspace, 188

Process benefits of following, 128changing, 139data, 58defined, nature of, 78defining, 58fidelity, 116 following, 58, 115, 116, 128improvement, 217launch, 75manager, 268, 281motivation to follow, 127multi-team, 83nature of, 78owning, 26, 239problems, handling, 124quality index, see PQIstarting to use, 119team member selection, 62TSP launch, 71why follow, 116, 118

Product defects, with TSP, 131focus, maintaining, 107quality, 9

improving, 131TSP, 131

skills, 50, 64Productivity, 13, 223

and stability, 13 benchmark, 223development, 162improvement, 163, 164

PSP, 162, 163 TSP, 164

increasing, 103team, 57, 163team member, 57, 185

Productsquality, 9, 87, 131successful, 108TSP launch, 54

Professional advice, 212discipline, 203priorities, 5

Profile defect removal, 225quality, 148

Progress assessing, 170tracking, 101

Project control, 156risk analysis, 88status, 170strategy, 86successful, 108support, 86tracking skill, 64

Projecting LOC, 223Properties, self-directed teams, 24, 25, 47,

72Protecting the team, 181, 183PSP

benefits, 158–164 course, 58defect reduction, 160 importance of training, 158logic for, 116need for, 117, 240principles, 116productivity, 162, 163skills, 58test defects, 160training, 58, 117, 158

Purpose, TSP roles, 239

Quality, 7, 108, 133, 140 analysis, 148and testing, 140assurance, 281benefits, 142commitment, 199costs of, 139data

gathering, 143handling, 148

definition, 134essence of engineering, 7 example, 138goals, 140, 145, 149identifying problems, 144importance of, 133, 134, 199improving, 108, 131index, see PQIindustrial example, 138journey, 140, 142management, 51, 64, 139, 146

methods, 146principles, 139


Index 301

priority, 139skill, 64

manager, 87, 146, 270, 281managing, 58, 133, 138measures, 108measuring, 58, 108, 140

skill, 64not produced by mistake, 24 ownership, 139plan, 87, 146

making, 87priority, 108, 139problems, identifying, 144products, 9, 87, 131profile, 148reporting, 148responsibility, 144, 145reviews, 149software, 37standard, 7status, 56, 176strategy, 142

team leader, 143TSP, 143

system, 116user-based measures, 141work, 9, 24worst parts, 116

Quarterly Review Checklist, 173Questions, assessment, 194

Random House, 220, 228, 251, 275Raudsepp, Eugene, 232, 249Recognition, 32, 127Recording data, 123Recruiting, 62

team members, 49, 62 Reducing test time, 143, 160References

candidate, 62misleading, 62

Reinspections, 144Relating to management, 153Relationship

maturity, 204, 205trusting, 63

Relaunch, TSP, 40reasons to, 57

Releases, multiple, 86Replacements, potential, 68Replanning, 57Reporting to management, 169

Reports advertise accomplishments, 170approach, 171, 172bad news, 174example, 174frequency, 174guidelines, 171, 172how they help, 170implicit message, 169launch, 89logic for, 170management, 57, 174meeting, 120, 122quality, 148status, 57, 174suggested approach, 171, 172TSP weekly report, 120, 174, 175Weekly, 94, 174, 175 what to report, 171when to report, 174

Representatives, at launch, 83Requests

customer, 184for help, 104, 169, 178from customer, 184handling, 182management, 189

Requirements benchmarking, 220changing, 98, 189creep, 98for motivated teams, 48for self-directed team, 24, 47, 72, 155statements, 112

Resistance data gathering, 144management, 155

Resolving issues, 196Resource

additional, 87allocation, 49 improvement, 219inadequate, 158scarce, 182

Respect, self, 26 Responsibilities

coaching, 235customer interface manager, 258design manager, 260for problems, 203implementation manager, 262leadership, 201, 235


302 Index

Responsibilities, cont.management, 3, 235planning manager, 266principal, 3 process manager, 268quality, 144, 145

establishing, 144manager, 270

role managers, 252, 257, 258–272support manager, 272team leader, 3, 8, 236test manager, 264

Reviews code, 147defect, 147, 149design, 147management, 89, 110plan, 89, 146quality, 149Quarterly Review Checklist, 173

Rewarding goals, 14jobs, 5 team environment, 5

Rewards, financial, 16 Risk

analysis, 88mitigation, 88

Role, 84, 251 additional, 255assigning, 254coaching, 257customer interface manager, 258definition, 251design manager, 260implementation manager, 262leadership, 235manager

coaching, 257job, 254responsibilities, 257teams, 285

need for, 252other, 255planning manager, 266process manager, 268, 281purpose, 239quality manager, 270, 281responsibilities, 252, 282selecting, 85, 256support manager, 272, 282team, 84, 251team leader, 236

team member, 22 test manager, 264, 283undefined, 254why needed, 239, 252

Roosevelt, Franklin D., 16 Run charts, 220Russia, 207

Safety, 32, 128manager, 255

Salary, 182increases, 206

Sales plan, IBM, 207Satisfaction surveys, IBM, 232 Satisfied employees, 5Satisfying the customer, 139Scarce resources, 182Schedule, 108

calculations, EV, 175error, TSP, 129, 162negotiation, 84performance, 57predictable, 128priority, 108shorter, 128slipping, 109, 184status, 175when to discuss, 84

SCM (software configuration management), 282Scope, job, 184Scorpion submarine, 1Script

LAU, 76WEEK, 120

Security job, 4 manager, 255

Selecting roles, 85, 256team members, 61, 62

Self-actualization, 32, 33, 127performance, 33, 127sustaining, 33

Self-directed teams, 24characteristic behavior, 24characteristics, 72motivating, 72need for, 24properties, 24, 26, 47, 72 requirements for, 24, 47, 72, 155workspace, 196

Self-esteem, loss of, 202Self respect, 26


Index 303

Senge, Peter M., 34, 42 Sense of urgency, 242SEPG (Software Engineering Process Group), 279

working with, 280Setting priorities, 108Severeid, Eric, 34, 42 Shellenbarger, Sue, 247, 249Short-term

commitments, 35goals, 109

Shorter schedules, 128Simple measures, 207Size projections, 223Skill, 27

application domain, 50, 64building, 66, 209defining needs, 63 estimating, 51 interpersonal, 51mismatch, 211needs, 50, 63planning, 51, 64 problems, 185product technology, 50 project tracking, 64PSP, 58quality management, 51, 64 quality measurement, 64team member, 63teamwork, 23 technical, 204tool and method, 50tracking, 64

Sloppy work, 204Software

configuration management, see SCMEngineering Process Group, see SEPGquality, 37

Sontag, Sherry, 1, 2Sources, information, 279Spacecraft

defects, 135Magellan, 136, 137Voyager, 135, 136

Spirit, team, 204Stable workplace, 13 Staff

groups, 283technical, 165

Staffing changes, 240delays, 185problems, 184

Standards, 7, 231behavioral, 7coding, 146cooperative behavior, 7 design, 146leadership, 7, 231performance, 220quality, 7team leader, 7updating, 149

Static plans, 98Status

assessing, 102commitment, reporting, 172earned value, 56milestone, 56project, 170quality, 56, 176 reporting, 171reports, management, 57schedule, 175

Stimulating environment, 24Storming phase, 253 Strategy

change management, 98contradictory, 111development, 86for handling added work, 183for handling problems, 171for managing changes, 98improvement, 217problem-handling, 171project, 86quality, 142team, 86test and fix, 141TSP quality, 142, 143TSP teambuilding, 74

Strengths, identifying, 34 Style

executive, 279management, 174

Subcontract manager, 255Submarine Scorpion, 1Submarine Thresher, 1Success

advertising, 170assessing chances of, 111defining, 108

Successful managers, 182products, 108projects, 108


304 Index

Suitable team members, identifying, 62Superior work, 244Support

groups, 283launch, 78management, 126, 155, 167manager, 272, 282mutual, 231opportunities, 145peer, 56 project, 86team member, 145

Surowiecki, James, 2Surprising management, 172Surveys, satisfaction, 232Survival, 32, 128Sustaining

motivation, 34, 40 self-actualization, 33

Symptomsownership problems, 198poor leadership, 12

System motivation, 40quality, 116test defects, TSP, 130

example, 153spacecraft, 135–137

test time, TSP, 129, 160

Taking charge, 198Talent, 64

building, 243identifying, 65mix of, 24

Task hours, see task timeTask time, 56

as a benchmark, 223, 224definition, 101, 102edicts, 102example, 93improving, 102increasing, 102

Task maturity, 204, 205Tasks

added, 183allocation of, 88coaching, 243leadership, 243team, 253

Team, 21and commitment, 38assessing, 194

attitude, opening meeting, 53, 84boundaries, 25building, see Teambuildingcohesive, 4, 193, 235commitment, 38, 87, 199communication, 56, 195, 232, 235complaints, 198composite data, 127consensus, 84

achieving, 79cooperative, 22credibility, building, 90data, 127, 189definition, 22destroying, 126, 196, 204 developing, 193discipline, 231edicts, 102environment, 5 expectations, 4 factions, 196feedback, 56 formation, 49, 61

issues, 61goals, 6, 84, 197

commitment to, 238defining, 166

high-performing, 23 inheriting an existing, 63interdependence, 22interests, 5 jelled, 22, 23launch, 51 leader

behavior, 7, 242behavioral standards, 7being a, 229challenges, 5, 110, 118, 208concerns, 7confidence in members, 8conviction, 124doubts, 7following the process, 123greatest challenge, 208job, 3, 235nerve, 124objectives, 47, 48priorities, 8, 75, 138, 193, 209quality strategy, 143responsibilities, 3, 8, 119, 123 roles and responsibilities, 236standards, 7

leadership, 284


Index 305

lethargic, 216maintaining, 191management, 68 meetings, 56, 57, 195member

behavior, 194commitment, 199communication, 57 defining, 83development, 201difficult, 208evaluation, 204, 206expectations, 4 meeting with, 123motivating, 166part time, 25, 184participation, in launch presentation,

89performance, 188productivity, 57, 185recruiting, 49roles, 22selecting, 61selection process, 61, 62suitable, 62support, 145

members recruiting, 49, 62selecting, 61, 63

membership, 25, 83, 194defining, 83

motivating, 72, 127, 216, 224motivation, 31 need for, 23ownership, 59, 197participation, 104performance, 23, 215

improving, 215maximizing, 201

planbalancing, 88overall, 86

planning, 53, 86, 167, 198players, example, 67power of, 23priorities vs. management, 5problems, handling, 238productivity, 57, 163protecting, 181, 183quality

commitment, 199goals, 145

responsibility, 145responsibility, quality, 145role manager, 285roles, 84, 251self-directed, 24, 47, 72Software Process, see TSP spirit, 204strategy, 86tasks, 253why needed, 23

Teambuilding, 43, 73, 253accelerating, 253conditions, 72, 73exercises, 74 map, 73roles and, 253strategy, TSP, 74

Teamwork, 9, 25, 55behavior, 51essence of, 25estimating and planning, 51example, 93interpersonal behavior, 51quality management, 51skill, 23topics, 51

Technical challenge, 35 motivation, 202skill, 204staffs, 165

Technology challenges, 245Test

and fix strategy, 141data example, 218defects, 130, 159, 186

spacecraft, 135–137manager, 264, 283time, 129, 143, 159

reduction, 129, 143, 160Testing

and quality, 140data, example, 218independent, 283

Threats, 128Thresher submarine, 1Time

development, 187planning, 98task, see task timetesting, 129, 143, 159training, 164


306 Index

Time-to-market, 23 Timely feedback, 40, 197Tools

estimating, 78planning, 78skills, 50

Top priorities, 8, 75, 138, 193, 209Torpedo, hot, 2Tracking, 220

improvement, 220plan, 56progress, 101skill, 64

Training, 49, 65, 185need for, 58, 117PSP, 58, 117, 158time, 164

Trans-Siberian Railway, 207Transactional leadership, 15, 36, 233Transformational leadership, 15, 233, 234Truman, Harry S., 16 Trust, 231

building, 63, 231, 232management, 167

Trusting relationship, 63Trying harder, 139TSP

behaviors, 119benefits, 128–131coach, 78, 280form

MTG, 122WEEK, 175

improving productivity, 164investment in, 158LAU script, 76launch, 51, 71

leading, 84meetings, 52, 77, 84–91objectives, 72overview, 75participants, 82preparation, 79process, 75products, 54 script LAU, 76

logic for, 117MTG form, 122multi-team TSP, 83

example, 191overview, 47, 75

parts of, 48product quality, 131productivity, 163, 164quality strategy, 142, 143relaunch, 40required behavior, 119results, 129, 130, 131roles, purpose, 239schedule error, 129, 162scripts

LAU, 76WEEK, 120

team formation, 49, 61 launch, 71leader role, 236

teambuilding strategy, 74WEEK script, 120weekly meeting form, MTG, 122Weekly Summary Report, 175

Turnover, employee, 24, 203, 204, 247Typical defect levels, 142

Unachievable goals, 33Unbalanced workload, 57, 99, 100Understanding complaints, 125Unequal performance, 204Unit test defects, 160, 186United Media, 37United Nations (UN), 16 Unresolvable issues, 84Unsuspected obstacles, 111Untrained team members, example, 164Unwritten rule of engineering, 38Updating checklists and standards, 149Urgency, sense of, 110, 242U.S. Army Signal Corps, 24U.S. Navy, 1 Usability problems, 111User-based quality, 141Using

data, 58 the process, 119

Value, of plan, 97Variations

performance, 208, 226work, 208

Vietnam War, 14, 231Visible commitments, 39, 87Vision, lack of, 12


Index 307

Voluntary commitments, 39, 87Voyager spacecraft, 135, 136

Weak leadership, 124WEEK

form, 175script, 120

Weekly meeting

example, 195script, 120

reports, example, 94, 174team meetings, 56, 57

What management expects, 3 management wants, 167teams expect, 4 to report, 171

When to benchmark, 227discuss schedules, 84report, 174

Who is a team member?, 83Why

benchmarks motivate, 224coach is needed, 78follow the process, 116have roles, 239, 252it is hard to

follow a process, 118gather data, 144

limit launch participation, 82manage quality, 138PSP training is needed, 116quality is important, 133, 134relaunch, 57 roles are needed, 239, 252teams are needed, 23

Winner, acting like, 15Work

challenging, 203changes, strategy for managing, 98, 183creative, 118disciplined, 231divergence from plan, 240intellectual, 65, 118interesting, 5 quality, 9, 24 sloppy, 204superior, 244variations, 208

Worker objectives, 16 Workforce

building, 247stability, 203, 204, 247 turnover, 24, 203, 204, 247

Working discipline, 231environment, 74space, 187, 188with the coach, 280with the SEPG, 280

Workload balanced, 101balancing, 57, 88, 99unbalanced, 57, 99, 100

Workplace stability, 13 Workspace, 187

common, 188, 196contiguous, 188experiments, 188private, 188problems, 188shared, 196

World War II, 12, 35, 245Worst parts, quality of, 116Worthwhile goals, 230

Yield goals, 87


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