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PAKISTAN DEVELOPMENT FORUM (PDF)12th-14th May, 2003, Islamabad

Presentation onPLANNING FOR WATER RESOURCES

Dr. Shahid Amjad ChaudhryDeputy Chairman,Planning CommissionGovernment of Pakistan

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PRESENTATION OUTLINEPRESENTATION OUTLINE! Background! Poverty in Pakistan! Water Availability in Pakistan! Water Availability vs Population growth! Escapage below Kotri! Seepage losses in irrigation system! Reservoir Sedimentation! Water Sector Issues! Sub-Sectors of Water Resources! Water Resources Development Matrix! Water Storages! Construction of New Canals! Irrigated Areas & Water Projects! Remodelling/Rehabilitation/Lining of Canals & Watercourses! Drainage & Reclamation! Flood Control! Physical Targets

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BACKGROUNDBACKGROUND

! Share of agriculture in GDP is 25%.

! Employment in Agriculture is 49%.

! Rural Poverty is 39% as compared to urban poverty

(23%) and is on increase particularly in drought hit areas.

! Increase in irrigated areas is important to alleviate

poverty by development and Integrated Management of

Water Resources.

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POVERTY IN PAKISTAN(Head Count Ratio)

24.9627.72

24.54

30.6332.13

27.03

32.99

28.83

34.67

38.98

19.76

15.15 14.83

19.1

22.67

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

1992-93 1993-94 1996-97 1998-99 2000-01YEARS

PERC

ENTA

GE

Overall Rural Urban

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WATER AVAILABILTY IN PAKISTANWATER AVAILABILTY IN PAKISTAN

AVAILABILITY 155.7 MAF

USES

ABOVE RIM STATIONS 5.7 MAF

CANAL DIVERSION 105.4 MAF

TOTAL 111.1 MAF

BALANCE AVAILABLE 44.6 MAF

6

11

98.6

210

200

190

180

170

160

150

140

130

120

110

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

9000

8000

7000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

1000

01951 1961 1972 1981 1992 2000 2012 2020

PER

CAP

ITA

AVAI

LAB

ILIT

Y (M

) 3

POPU

LATI

ON

( M

ILLI

ONS)

CANA

LS D

IVER

SIO

N (M

AF)

POPU

LATI

ON

( M

ILLI

ONS)

YEARSYEARS

210

200

190

180

170

160

150

140

130

120

110

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

AFTERTARBELA

INDEPENDENCE

AFTER TREATYBEFORE TREATY

AFTERMANGLA

103106

PER CAPITA

AVAILABILITY

1700 m3

19921400 m3

2000

1000 m32012

885 m32020

5650 m3(1951)

WATER SHORT

COUNTRY

216.8

178

138

POPULATIONGROWTH

WATER AVAILABILITY VS POPULATION GROWTHWATER AVAILABILITY VS POPULATION GROWTH

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ESCAPAGE BELOW KOTRIESCAPAGE BELOW KOTRI

3 0. 39

80. 59

29 . 81

20 . 10

9 .6 8

4 5. 91

29. 55

10. 9 8

2 6. 90

17. 5 3

52 .8 6

1 7. 22

4 2. 34

53 .2 9

29. 11

91 .8 3

62 . 76

45. 40

20. 79

8. 83

0. 77 1 . 93 2. 32

81 .4 9

35. 1 53 3. 79

69 . 08

0

20

40

60

80

100

76-7

7

77-7

8

78-7

9

79-8

0

80-8

1

81-8

2

82-8

3

83-8

4

84-8

5

85-8

6

86-8

7

87-8

8

88-8

9

89-9

0

90-9

1

91-9

2

92-9

3

93-9

4

94-9

5

95-9

6

96-9

7

97-9

8

98-9

9

99-0

0

00-0

1

01-0

2

*02-

03

Years

Annu

al D

ischa

rge

(MA

F)

AVG.(35.20)

(HYDROLOGICAL YEAR FROM APRIL TO MARCH)(HYDROLOGICAL YEAR FROM APRIL TO MARCH)

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41Crop Use

173058Fields

65Total

253083Watercourses

7890Disty. And Minors

1615106Main and Branch Canals

MAF% age

LossDelivery at Head

(MAF)

Location

SEEPAGE LOSSES IN IRRIGATION SYSTEMSEEPAGE LOSSES IN IRRIGATION SYSTEM

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SEEPAGE LOSSES IN IRRIGATION SYSTEMSEEPAGE LOSSES IN IRRIGATION SYSTEM

Total loss of water in the system 65 MAF

Loss of water underlain by Fresh water area 33 MAF

Loss of water underlain by Saline water areas 32 MAF

Loss in bigger canals underlain by Saline water 8 MAF

Loss in distributaries & Minors underlain by

Saline water 3.5 MAF

Loss in water-courses underlain by Saline water 12.5 MAF

Loss in Field underlain by Saline water 8 MAF

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RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION (MAF)RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION (MAF)

5.942 (32%)4.266 (23%)18.368TOTAL

0.481 (55%)0.373 (43%)0.870 (1971)CHASHMA

1.510 (26%)1.059 (18%)5.882 (1967)MANGLA

3.951 (34%)2.834 (24%)11.616 (1974)TARBELA

STORAGE LOSS BY YEAR 2010

(PROJECTED) (MAF)

STORAGE LOSS BY THE YEAR 2001

(MAF)

ORIGINAL STORAGE CAPACITY (MAF)RESERVOIR

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WATER SECTOR ISSUESWATER SECTOR ISSUES

! WATER SCARCITY! WATER ESCAPAGE TO SEA! NEED FOR ADDITIONAL RESERVOIRS! SAFE DISPOSAL OF DRAINAGE EFFLUENT TO SEA! PROTECTION OF INFRASTRUCTURE FROM

ONSLAUGHT OF FLOODS.! MINING OF GROUND WATER! SEEPAGE LOSSES IN IRRIGATION SYSTEM! LACK OF PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION! DETERIORATING INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITIES OF KEY

WATER SECTOR INSTITUTIONS.! INCREASED POVERTY IN BACKWARD IRRIGATED

AREAS.

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SUBSUB--SECTORS OF WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENTSECTORS OF WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT

! WATER STORAGES

! CONSTRUCTION OF NEW CANALS

! REMODELLING/REHABILITATION/LINING OF CANALS &

WATER-COURSES

! DRAINAGE & RECLAMATION.

! FLOOD CONTROL

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WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENTWATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT

Issue S trategy

M id-term Plan(10 Years)

Lon g-Term Plan(10 -20 Ye ars)

W ater S torageC apacity

M aintain e xistingstor age c apacity b yadding wa ter s tor ag eof 5.34 M AF tocom pensa te forstor age los s of 5 .9M AF

De velopm ent of 30M AF o f stora ges.

C onstr uction of N ewFlood W ater C anals

Use 3.03 M A F o fFlood water & 2.7M AF of perennialwater.

M aintain the existing& new canalsystems .

R emo delling/R ehab ilitation/lining of canalsan d w ater courses

Con serve 6 M AF ofwater thro ughselected IrrigationS ystem R ehabilitationin Sindh, P unjab andimpro vem e nt of 7 500 0watercours es.

Lin e alldis trib utaries,m inors andwatercoursesunderlain b y salinewater are as.

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WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENTWATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENTIss ue S tra te g y

M id -te rm P la n(10 Y e ars )

Lo n g- Ter m P la n(10 -2 0 Y ea rs)

D ra in ag e &R ecla m a tion

R e sto re p ro d uct iv ity o f la nd b yre c lam in in g 6 .6 M .A o fd is a stro u s ar ea th ro u ghN a tio n al D r a in ag e P ro g ram m e ,R B O D -I, R B O D -II , G ro un d w ate rM an ag em en t, M as ter D ra in ag eP lan .

D ra in ag e A c co rd ,ba se d o n M as terD ra in ag e P lan an dsu sta in th erec la im e d a re a .

F lo odC on tro l

R e du c e c o los s a l lo s se s b yo n slau g h t o f flo o ds , b yc on s tr uc ting 11 01 K me m b an km e nts , 3 03 sp u rs ,h arn e ss 3 3 h ill to r re n ts a n dim p ro ve f lo o d fo rec as ting &w a rn in g s y stem thro u g h F loo dM an ag em en t o f M u rri B ug h tiH il l T or ren ts , 2 n d F lo od S ec torP ro jec t, N o rm a l F loo dP ro gra m m e & F an M a na g em en to f M ith a n w an H ill To rre nts .

C on tinu atio n o fF lo o d C on tro lP rog ram m e ba se don fe e d b ac k fro mth e M id -T er mP la n .

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WATER STORAGES

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NEED FOR ADDITIONAL RESERVOIRSNEED FOR ADDITIONAL RESERVOIRS

! WATER-SHORT LAND-RICH COUNTRY

! RAPIDLY INCREASING POPULATION.

! DEPLETING ON-LINE STORAGES.

! LARGE ESCAPAGES OF UNCONTROLLED FLOOD FLOWS INTO

SEA.

! EFFECTIVE RIVER REGULATION AND INTEGRATED WATER

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

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BACKGROUND FOR FUTURE STORAGESBACKGROUND FOR FUTURE STORAGES

! DEVELOPMENT OF WATER STORAGES AT STAND STILL SINCE

1976

! STORAGE CAPACITY ONLY 11% OF TOTAL SURFACE WATER

! HYDROPOWER ONLY 16% OF TOTAL POTENTIAL

! IMPROVE HYDEL/THERMAL POWER MIX.

! 22.5 MA CULTURABLE LAND AVAILABLE FOR DEVELOPMENT

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OBJECIVES FOR FUTURE STORAGESOBJECIVES FOR FUTURE STORAGES

! DEVELOPMENT OF 65 MAF OF STORAGES

! DEVELOPMENT OF 23,000 MW OF HYDRO, COAL AND GAS

POWER STATIONS

! DEVELOPMENT OF LOW HEAD HYDELS ON CANALS

! ENCOURAGE PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT

(FOREIGN/LOCAL) AND PRIVATE/PUBLIC SECTOR JOINT

VENTURES

! SUPPORT ECONOMY AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN

BACKWARD AREAS

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EXISTING SURFACE STORAGESEXISTING SURFACE STORAGES

W-0.02215SOANSIMLY DAM (1972)

W-0.04114KURANGRAWAL (1962)

I-0.06115KOHAT TOITANDA (1965)

I,W-0.09167HAROKHANPUR (1984)

I,W-0.76151HUBHUB (1983)

472217.74TOTAL

I-0.78-INDUSCHOTIARI LAKE

I,W-0.32-INDUSKINJHAR LAKE

I-0.75-INDUSMANCHAR LAKE

I-0.08--HAMAL LAKE

I-0.0435PISHINBKD KHAN (1900)

I,P40.03107KURRAMBARAN DAM (1962)

I,P2400.04250KABULWARSAK (1960)

I,P-0.61-INDUSCHASHMA (1971)

I,P10004.82380JHELUMMANGLA (1966)

I,P34789.30485INDUSTARBELA(1976)

PURPOSEPOWER(MW)

LIVE STORAGE

(MAF)

HT. OF DAM (FT.)RIV ERPROJECT

I- IRRIGATION P- POWER W- WATER SUPPLY

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TOTAL STORAGE POTENTIALTOTAL STORAGE POTENTIAL

5.42SUB TOTAL

III

3.24NWFP

64.65TOTAL II & III

0.20SINDH

1.73BALOCHISTAN

PUNJAB

STORAGE SITES OUTSIDE EXISTING IRRIGATION SYSTEM

SUB TOTAL

3. RAISED MANGLA

2. OFF CHANNEL STORAGES

1. STORAGE SITES (RIVERS & TRIBUTARIES)

STORAGES WHICH CAN BE INTEGRATED WITH EXISTING IRRIGATION SYSTEM

SURFACE STORAGES IN OPERATION

ITEM

0.25

59.23

2.90

21.65

34.68

II

17.74I

TOTAL STORAGE CAPACITY (MAF)

Sr. No.

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PRIORITY WATER SECTOR PROJECTS PRIORITY WATER SECTOR PROJECTS –– PART IPART I

June 200914 Aug 2004515058362,0001.20NWFPKURRAM TANGI DAM

--

April 2003

April 2003

04 Oct 2002

03 Oct 2002

16 Aug 2001

30 Sep 2002

17 Aug 2001

22 Aug 2001

Ground Ground BreakingBreaking

--

Dec 2005

June 2006

June 2007

June 2007

June 2007

June 2007

June 2006

June 2006

Completion DateCompletion Date

215-25,0000.02Bal.SABAKZAI DAM

4351119,9200.08SkarduSATPARA DAM

5467-713,000-Bal.KACHHI FLOOD CANAL / TAUNSA BARRAGE

5170-412,000-SindhRAINEE FLOOD WATER CANAL

--2,6492,649216.4216.43,262,2063,262,2065.645.64--TOTAL:TOTAL:

498-33,2000.30Bal.MIRANI DAM

6500-1,534,000-PunjabTHAL FLOOD CANAL

4.51000130-2.9AJ&KRAISING MANGLA DAM

421417.4163,0861.13NWFPGOMAL ZAM DAM

Period Period (Yrs)(Yrs)

Tentative Tentative CostCost

(US$ M)(US$ M)

ConstructionConstructionPower Power (MW)(MW)

Area Under Area Under Irrigation Irrigation

(Acres)(Acres)Storage Storage ((MAFMAF))LocationLocationProjectProject

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STORAGE SITES PROPOSED FOR DETAILED STUDIES PARTSTORAGE SITES PROPOSED FOR DETAILED STUDIES PART--II

Sindh

Sindh

Sindh

Punjab

NWFP

Bal

PunjabNA

Location

TOTAL:

Sehwan Barrage Complex

Thar/Rainee Canal

Riverine Area Development

Greater Thal Canal

Chashma Right Bank Canal (Lift Cum Gravity)

Kachhi Canal

Thal ResevoirBasha Dam

Project

198DFI8

138FPFI7

--FI6

-CFI5

1721---

180FRI, P2

135DFI4

170FRI3

900F PFI, P1

Studies Cost

(R.Mil)Proposed

StudyPresent StatusPurpose

Sr. No

.

D – Detailed EngineeringF – FeasibilityW – Water SupplyI – Irrigation

C – Ready for ContructtionR – Reconnaissance PF – Pre FeasibilityP – Power

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CONSTRUCTION OF NEW CANALSPROJECT LOCATION TOTAL

WATERREQUIR-EMENT(MAF)

PERENIALWATER

FLOODWATER

AREA(MA)

COSTRs. M

COMPLETIONDATE

THALFLOODCANAL

PUNJAB 2.496 1.873 0.624 1.534 30,467 JUNE 2007

RAINEEFLOODCANAL

SINDH 1.307 -- 1.307 0.412 17,947 JUNE 2007

KACHHIFLOODCANAL

BALOCHIS-TAN

2.021 0.821 1.10 0.713 32,450 JUNE 2007

TOTAL 5.824 2.694 3.031 2.659 80,864

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! THE DAMS ARE BEING CONSTRUCTED FOR

WATER STORAGE OF 5.34 MAF TO COMPENSATE

STORAGE LOSS OF 5.942 MAF DUE TO

SEDIMENTATION BY THE YEAR 2010.

! THE NEW CANALS HAVE BEEN DESIGNED TO

UTILIZE 3.031 MAF OF FLOOD WATER OTHER

THAN PERENNIAL FLOW OF 2.694 MAF.

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PRESENTLY IRRIGATED AREAS AND PROPOSED WATER PROJECTS

3.8 MA44.4 MATOTAL

0.8 MA2.2 MABalochistan

0.5 MA2.3 MANWFP

1.5 MA33.4 MAPunjab

1.0 MA6.5 MASindh

Ongoing Schemes

Presently Irrigated Areas

AREABALOCHISTAN

SINDH

PUNJAB

Disputed Territory

NWFP

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REMODELLING/REHABILITATION/LINING OF CANALS

AND WATER-COURSES.

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MAJOR REHABILITATION/LINING OF WATER SECTOR PROJECTS

S.No NAME OF PROJECT TOTALCOST(Rs. M)

ESTIMATEDCOMPLETION

DATE

PSDP 2002-03ALLOCATION

(Rs. M)

1. IRRIGATION SYSTEM REHABILITATIONSINDH (PHASE-I)

12963 2007 1400

2. IRRIGATION SYSTEM REHABILITATIPUNJAB

20,500 2008 ---

3. LINING OF DISTRIBUTARIES & MINORSPUNJAB.

31,000 2008 ---

4. LINING OF CHANNELS IN SINDH 17,000 2007 ---

5. MODERNIZATION OF BARRAGES Pb. 30,000 2009 ---

6. ON-FARM WATER MANAGEMENTPROGRAMME

12,450 2005 ---

7. INSTALLATION OF TELEMETRICSYSTEM IN INDUS BASIN

450 2003 150

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DRAINAGE & RECLAMATION OBJECTIVESDRAINAGE & RECLAMATION OBJECTIVES

! RESTORING PRODUCTIVITY OF AGRICULTURAL LAND BY CONTROLLING WATERLOGGING & SALINITY.

! MANAGING QUANTITY & QUALITY OF DRAINAGE EFFLUENT IN AN ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE MANNER.

! GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT (QUANTITATIVE & QUALITATIVE) THROUGH TUBEWELL TRANSITION, AQUIFER MONITORING & MANAGEMENT.

! STUDY ON NATIONAL SURFACE DRAINAGE SYSTEM AND PREPARATION OF MASTER DRAINAGE PLAN.

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MAJOR DRAINAGE & RECLAMATION PROJECTSS.No NAME OF PROJECT TOTAL COST

(Rs. M)AREA TO BEBENEFITTED

(M.A)

ESTIMATEDCOMPLETION

DATE

1. NATIONAL DRAINAGE PROGRAMINCLUDING MASTER DRAINAGEPLAN

31,400 12.0 DEC. 2004

2. LBOD 33441 1.28 DEC. 2002

3. RBOD-I 4395 0.140 2005

4. RBOD-II 14,000 0.140 DEC. 2005

5. OTHER PROJECTS IN PUNJAB 3482 0.570 2004

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FLOOD CONTROL OBJECTIVESFLOOD CONTROL OBJECTIVES

! TO REDUCE COLOSAL LOSSES BY ONSLAUGHT OF

FLOODS .

! HARNESSING OF HILL TORRENTS TO REGULATE

FLOOD FLOWS.

! IMPROVEMENT IN FLOOD FORECASTING AND

WARNING SYSTEM.

! UPDATING FLOOD PLAIN MANNALS.

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FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTSS.No NAME OF PROJECT LOCATION TOTAL COST

(Rs. M)ESTIMATED

COMPLETIONDATE

1. FLOOD MANAGEMENT OF MURIBUGHTI HILL TORRENTS

BALOCHISTAN 125 2005

2. SECOND FLOOD SECTOR PROJECT ALL OVERPAKISTAN

4614 2005

3. NORMAL FLOOD PROGRAMME ALL OVERPAKISTAN

200 YEARLY BASIS

4. FAN MANAGEMENT OFMITHANWAN HILL TORRENTS

PUNJAB 364 2006

PHYSICAL TARGETS- EMBANKMENTS- SPURS- HARNESSING OF HILL

TORRENTS

1101 Km303 No.33 No.

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PHYSICAL TARGETS (2001PHYSICAL TARGETS (2001--2011)2011)Water Availability

- Incremental 12.44 MAF- Commulative 146.92 MAF

Additional area to be irrigated 3.26 MA

Disastrous area to be protected 6.60 MASCARP Tubewells

- Installation/Rehabilitation 2200 No.- Transition 7000 No.

Surface Drains- Rehabilitation 4088 Km- New 2428 Km

Sub-surface Drains 1.00 MAFlood Control

- Embankments 1101 Km- Spurs 303 Km

OFWM- Watercourse Improvement 75000 No.- Precision Land Leveling 368,777 Acres