PAKISTAN PRESENTATIONON

INTERNATIONALLY AGREED GOALSAND TARGETS IN EDUCATION

SCHEME OF PRESENTATION

• Six Education for All Goals• Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) related to

Education• Progress in achieving each EFA Goal• Goal 2 – Primary Goal• Completion / Survival Rate till Grade V• Adult Literacy• Goal 5 – Gender Parity• Steps taken• Major challenges and Barriers

SIX EDUCATION FOR ALL GOALS

• Expanding and improving comprehensive Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE), especially for the most vulnerable disadvantaged children.

• Ensuring that by 2015 all children with special emphasis on girls and children in difficult circumstances have access to and complete free and compulsory primary education of good quality.

• Ensuring that the learning needs of all young people and adults are met through equitable access to appropriate learning, life skills and citizenship programs.

The following are the six goals of Education for All set in Dakar in the year 2000 to be achieved latest by the year 2015: -

1

SIX EDUCATION FOR ALL GOALS

• Achieve a 50% improvement in levels of Adult Literacy by 2015, especially for women and equitable access to basic and continuing education for all adults.

• Eliminating gender disparities in Primary and Secondary Education by 2005, and achieving gender equality in education by 2015, with a focus on ensuring girls full and equal access to and achievement in basic education of good quality; and

• Improving all aspects of the quality of education and ensuring excellence of all so that recognized and measurable learning outcomes are achieved by all, especially in literacy, numeracy and essential life skills.

Contd……

2

MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS (MDGs) RELATED TO

EDUCATION

3

Goals 2 Achieve Universal Primary Education

Targets 3Ensure that , by 2012 , children everywhere , boys and girls alike , will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling.

Goals 3 promote gender quality and empower women

Targets 4Eliminates gender disparity in primary and secondary education, preferably by 2005, and to all levels of education no later than 2015.

PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING EACHEFA GOAL

4

Goal 1 – ECCE:• “Expanding and improving comprehensive Early Childhood

Care and Education (ECCE), especially for the most vulnerable disadvantaged children.”

Pre-primaryPre-primary Enrollment in Pakistan

Boys Girls Total

Public 2,328,219 1,872,922 4,201,221

Other public 51,550 47,976 99,526

Private 1,825,370 1,501,746 3,327,116

Total 4,205,219 3,422,644 7,627,863

ENROLLMENT BY SECTOR (2010-11)

5

Projected Achievements by 2015:

• In ECE the National EFA Plan (2001-15) target is 50%

net enrolment rate by 20015. Against the said target

the present (2009-10) net enrolment rate is 34%. As

such Pakistan has to increase NER up to 16% in next

five years i.e at the rate of around 3% per annum

which is achievable in terms of access/enrolment.

However, so far as the quality is concerned we may

not be able to provide quality ECE Programmes

because of various factors and barriers.

Contd……

PROGRESS IN ACHIEVING EACHEFA GOAL

GOAL 2 – PRIMARY EDUCATION

“Ensuring that by 2015 all children with special emphasis on girls and children in difficult circumstances have access to and complete free

and compulsory primary education of good quality.”

Net Enrolment Rate ( 5-9) age group 2009-10

5762

54 52

44

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Pakistan Punjab Sindh Khyber P.KBalochistan

Net Enrolment Rate

Pakistan

Punjab

Sindh

Khyber P.K

Balochistan

Source: PSLM Survey 2009-10

60

2010-11

6

NET PRIMARY ENROLMENT RATE – PROJECTED STATUS BY 2015Progress in net primary enrolments during the last five years has

occurred at an average rate of 1% per year. Unless massive changes take place in the education sector, the net enrolment rate is not

expected to exceed 65% by 2015.

2001/02 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2010/11EFA

Target 2015

Projected Status2015

Net Primary Enrolment (%)

42 52 53 56 55 60 100% 65%

Net Primary Enrolment Rates 2001-11

7

COMPLETION / SURVIVAL RATETILL GRADE V

Completion/survival rates to Grade V slipped during the past five years – from 52% in 2004/05 and 58% in 2006/07 to 65% in 2008/09. With

some improvements in poverty levels and assuming that huge investments in good quality education take place in the very near

future, this can be expected to rise, at the most to 70% by 2015.

2001/02

2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2010/11EFA Target

2015Projected

2015 Status

Completion/Survival rate till

Grade V50% 52% 55% 58% 62% 65% 100% 70%

65

100

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

2008/09 EFA 20158

ADULT LITERACY

“Achieve a 50% improvement in levels of Adult Literacy by 2015, especially for women and equitable access to basic and continuing

education for all adults.”

Achievements:

The 10+ age group adult literacy rate of Pakistan as per national census 1998 was 45% which increased to 58% (male 70%: female 46%) according to the findings of the Pakistan Social and Living

Standards Measurement (PSLM) survey 2010-11.

9

Overall Literacy Rate (2009-10)

5762 58

5247

57

24.5

69

01020304050607080

Literacy Rate

Pakistan

Punjab

Sindh

Khyber P.K

Balochistan

Gilgit-Baltistan

FATA

AJK

Male literacy rate as compared to female is fairly higher in all the provinces. It is highest in Punjab i.e. 73% and lowest in Baluchistan i.e. 64%

2010-11

58

70

2010-11

10

Overall female literacy rate is only 46%. The lowest literacy rate amongst females is in rural areas of balochistan and Sindh

2010-11

46

11

INCREASE IN ADULT LITERACY RATES AND PROJECTED STATUS 2015

Similar to net primary enrolment rates, adult literacy rates (for 10+ years old) moved at a slow pace of almost 1% per annum in the past

five years. At this rate, with more efforts, it is expected to reach a level of not higher than 65% by 2015.

2001/02 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2010-11EFA Target

2015Projected

Status 2015

Adult (10+years)

Literacy Rate45 53 54 55 56 58 70% 65%

Adult Literacy Rates: 2001/02-2010-11and Projected Status 2015

12

GOAL 5 – GENDER PARITY

“Eliminating gender disparities in Primary and Secondary Education by 2005, and achieving gender equality in education by 2015, with a focus on ensuring

girls full and equal access to and achievement in basic education of good quality;

GENDER PARITY IN PRIMARY EDUCATION

At a value of 0.84, gender parity index for primary education has hardly moved over the past five years. Though fairly close to the target, this

index may reach its target by 2015 – irrespective that the primary enrolment rates may remain fairly low e.g. in KPK, net enrolment rates of only 58% for boys and 45% for girls yields a gender parity index for

primary education of about 0.8.

13

GOAL 5 – GENDER PARITY

Contd……

2001/02 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2010/11EFA Target

2015Projected

2015

Gender Parity Index (GPI) in Primary

Education0.82 0.85 0.85 0.81 0.85 0.84 1 0.88

2001/02 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2010/11EFA Target

2015

Gender Parity Index (GPI) in Secondary

Education0.75 0.83 0.84 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.94

Gender Parity Index (GPI) Primary Education: 2001/02-2010/11 and Projected 2015

Gender Parity Index (GPI) Secondary Education: 2001/02-2010/11

2001/022004/0

52005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2010/11

MDG /EFA Target 2015

Projected Status

2015

Youth Literacy Gender Parity Index

0.64 0.68 0.74 0.75 0.78 0.78 1 .88

Gender Parity Index (GPI) in Youth Literacy: 2001/02-2010/11 and Projected 2015

14

Steps taken to accelerate progress on EFA

• EFA National Plan of Action (2001-15) to achieve 06 EFA Goals has been prepared and is under implementation;

• NEP, 2009 has special emphasis on achieving EFA Goals;

• Dev: Projects launched for Promotion of Promotion Education, Adult Literacy and Early Childhood Education

• NFBE Schools established as BECS (14,000) and enrollment is 500,000.

Step taken…..(cont)

• Under ESRP the funds given to provinces to open Literacy Centers, provide missing facilities in Primary Schools and open ECE Centers;

• Two Organizations established i.e. NCHD and NEF established at federal level for enhancing literacy in the country;

• NEF established 1300 Skill Dev: Centers in the provinces;

• Curriculum for Adult Literacy developed and launched.

Steps taken (cont…)

• Through 18th Constitutional Amendment under Article 25(A) introduced free and compulsory education of age group (5-16) as a fundamental right;

• Provinces have launched a massive campaign for enrollment of Out-of-School Children;

• ECE National Curriculum has been developed and launched in the country;

• International Dev: Partners are supporting Pakistan to achieve EFA Goals through different Projects;

Steps taken (cont….)• Primary Education has been made free and

textbooks are provided free of cost and in some selected districts, incentives are provided to disadvantaged and deserving children such as food, nutrition and edible oil;

• In order to promote public-private partnerships, Education Foundations have been set up in all the four provinces;

Steps taken (cont….)

• To address Quality and Relevance some tangible steps have been taken like enhancing qualification of Teachers’ In-service Training, Effective Monitoring and Supervision System, Reforms and Assessment Examination System and Need Based Literacy, Functional Literacy and Skill Literacy Program planned.

• Introduction of Child-Friendly Inclusive Schools based on CFS Standards;

MAJOR CHALLENGES AND BARRIERS

• Terrorism in the region due to Afghan War

• Destruction and devastation due to natural calamities,

flood and earthquake

• Economic Difficulties and Financial Constraints

• Lack of availability of trained and qualified teachers

• Non-availability of teaching-learning and instructional

materials

• Lack of adequate facilities and services for ECE

• Poverty, illiteracy and high population growth.16

MAJOR CHALLENGES AND BARRIERS

• Primary schools lack physical facilities including

electricity, furniture, washrooms etc. • Lack of effective Monitoring and Evaluation System

and weak supervision.• Un-attractive school environment, teacher

absenteeism and low quality of education has

resulted in poor retention and a high dropout rate.• Insufficient Political Will• Weak Organizational Infrastructure and low planning,

implementation and monitoring/evaluation capacity.• Inadequate Financing

17

THANK YOU