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1274 International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 – 0882

Volume 3, Issue 9, December 2014

PANI-SnO2 Based Composite Materials & Their Application

Rajeev Aroraa, Aman Saxena

b,Mohd Qayed Noori

c, Ayush Singh

d,

abcd( Department of Mechanical Engineering, Invertis University, Bareilly)

Abstract Mechanical Properties of Polyaniline (PANI)

Composite Film Synthesized by Nanocomposite

Material SnO2 has been investigated by SEM,

TEM&FTIR spectra analyses. The results clearly

demonstrate that the composite film of nano-composite

material (encapsulated nano-SnO2 and Polyaniline) are

more stable at higher temperature than pure

polyaniline,promising anode material for lithium ion

batteries as well as in energy solar systems and

environment systems.

Keywords: SEM, Composite, FTIR, Mechanical

properties.

1. INTRODUCTON Recently, tin oxide and tin-based composite oxide

electrodes have been investigated as possible anode

electrodes for the fourth generation lithium-ion

batteries due to the desirable material properties of

high capacity on both a gravimetric and a volumetric

basis and the low potential of Li ion intercalation. In

the past few years, organic –inorganic nanocomposites

(polyaniline and SnO2) [1-3] have become the most

interesting field ofresearch for their physical

properties. A new field for the development of

advanced materials in science and technology is

polyanilinesemiconductornanocomposite.

Nanocomposite material properties are different from

the constituent materials due to interfacial interactions

[4-5]. The properties of these materials can easily be

tuned to its desired application through the variation of

particle size different type ofphases SnO2 as rutile,

anatase and distribution of nanoparticles.

Semiconductor nanoparticles polyanilineand SnO2,

have attracted much interest due to technological

importance in different fields as sensors [6], solar cells

[7]. Polyaniline is p typesemiconductor and Sno2 is n

type semiconductor and composite material of these

materials have been widely used in the sensorsand

corrosion protections [8]. For these nanocomposites

(Nano TiO2 and PANI) most of the studies are

completed with opticalproperties, electrical properties

and magnetic properties.Electrical properties are

significantly modified due to modifiednanoSnO2 and

dispersion of nanoparticles polyaniline, or nano TiO2

in suitable medium as PVA.

2. SEM DETAILS The SEM micrographs of SnO2/PANI

nanocomposites, Sample A shown in Fig. 1.a and b,

respectively. It can be seen from these figures that the

composite particles are highly dispersed with

agglomeration. In both the cases, formation of polymer

shell around the nanocrystalline particles can be seen

in SEM images, assisting the growth and further

aggregates formation indicating a diffusion limited

cluster aggregation type mechanism as every collision

between two clusters results in the formation of a new

cluster, the aggregate of the two colliding clusters.

Figure 1,a

Figure 1,b

3. FTIR SPECTRA Fig. 2shows the FTIR spectra of SnO2/PANI

nanocomposites, sample A and B. The peaks in both

the samples at wave numbers

2000,1800,1600,1400,1200,1000,800,600 and 400

cm−1 corresponds to most of the characteristic peaks

for PANI.The peaks at wave numbers 2000 and 1800

cm−1 are attributed to C-N and C-C stretching mode

for the quinoid and benzenoid rings; while the peak at

wave number1600 cm−1 is attributed to C–C aromatic

ring stretching of the benzenoiddiamine unit. The

peaks at wave numbers 1200 and 1400 cm−1 are

attributed to C–N stretching; and peak at wave number

1000 cm−1 is considered to be due to N Q N

stretching. The peak at the wave number 800 cm−1 is

attributed to C–H out of plane bending vibrations.

These peaks are slightly shifted with respect to their

normal positions for pure PANI [9] due to the presence

of tin oxide in the PANI matrix. A strong peak at wave

number 613 cm−1 in both the samples is due to the

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1275 International Journal of Scientific Research Engineering & Technology (IJSRET), ISSN 2278 – 0882

Volume 3, Issue 9, December 2014

antisymmetricSn-O-Sn mode in tin oxide which

confirms the presence of tin oxide in the PANI matrix.

Dutta et al [10] observed similar results for tin

oxide/PANI nanocomposites.

Figure-2

4. CONCLUSION In our analysis of the characterization of PANI-

SnO2nanocomposite film, it is observed that in the

filmnanocomposite material encapsulated SnO2 by

PANI distributed into film as fibrous shaped . For the

composite film PANI &nanoSnO2 glass transition

temperatures near to 2400Ctherefore it reflects there

aresome interaction between thecomponents that

PANI, SnO2 film which makes higher Tg. The DC

electrical conductivity of this nanocomposite film was

found to be fairly good [11] and can be utilized

electrical andelectronic related applications.promising

anode material for lithium ion batteries as well as in

energy solar systems and environment systems. SnO2-

PANI composite may be a promising anode material

for lithium ion batteries with high specific capacity and

good cycling stability.

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