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Paper Review:AmI Technology Helps To Sustain
Speed While Merging
A Data Driven Simulation Study on Madrid Motorway Ring M30
Objectives & Results
To determine whether or not vehicle speed can be sustained while merging onto a motorway, leading to more harmonious integration of merging cars
Simulations showed that with Ambient Intelligence technology:
1. Increase in road throughput – 14% increase
2. Reduced variance in traffic flow
Outline
I. Motivation
II. Object of Study: The Madrid Motorway
III. Achievement of Traffic Merging
IV. CA-Based Simulation
V. Conclusions
Outline: Motivation
Merges on crowded motorways are a major influence on traffic fluidity and on road safety
I. Safety rules are disregarded
II. Related work: no general solution for merging
III. Research HypothesisI. To reduce merging delays Ambient Intelligence
(AmI) technology was applied as an assistance system to help drivers make decisions
Outline: Motivation
Cellular Automata (CA) based simulation model, operating data driven and continually evaluating lane change possibilities- Discrete model used in computability theory, mathematics, etc.
Outline: Object of Study – The Madrid Motorway
M30 Motorway • Built in 1970• 32.5km (20.2 miles)• 300,000 vehicles/day• 500,000 passengers/day
Outline: Object of Study – The Madrid MotorwayIntelligent Transport System
(ITS) controls the open air and buried tunneled roads
2km -segment used for real traffic flow analysis
• Peak: 7,290 veh/hr• 87,800 veh/workday• Traffic shapes repeat each day• Lower & upper main road: 3
lanes
Outline: Achievement of Traffic MergingReal traffic flow analysis:
1. During high traffic situations, driver is highly focused on safely steering car from ramp onto main road
2. General optimization problem:• Drivers often keep rightmost lane instead of changing the lane early• Range of visibility: 100’s of meters (normal conditions), shortened in
dense traffic/bad weather
AmI Solution:
3. Vibro-tactile notification integrated into seat
4. Extending range of perception:1. Inform driver of upcoming merging section
2. Overrule driver’s decision to keep on driving on current lane
Outline: CA-Based Simulation
Data Driven Simulation• 14% increase in throughput
Control Experiment• Up to 9% increase in throughput from lower to higher
perception coupled with decreasing inter-car lane changing distance
Details
For observed throughput of 5,270 vehicles/hour with average spacing of 50.94m, simulated throughput was 6,000veh/h with inter-car spacing of 52.20m
Throughput vs inter-car gaps. Range of perception of driver has almost no effect on throughput for high density traffic
Details
Generated one of hour constant traffic for upper and lower at a rate of 3000 veh/h and 6000veh/h. Up to a 9% increase in throughput
Throughput vs inter-car gaps for artificial traffic at a rate of 6,000veh/h
Details
Iner-Car Spacing=10m
Iner-Car Spacing=25m
Iner-Car Spacing=50m
Through put at logging point (L16) for perception range 100m over a 10-hour time period