Parametric Technology Corporation

Pro/ENGINEER®

Wildfire™ 2.0

Sketcher

Help Topic Collection

Parametric Technology Corporation

Copyright © 2004 Parametric Technology Corporation. All Rights Reserved.

User and training documentation from Parametric Technology Corporation (PTC) is subject to the copyright laws of the United States and other countries and is provided under a license agreement that restricts copying, disclosure, and use of such documentation. PTC hereby grants to the licensed user the right to make copies in printed form of this documentation if provided on software media, but only for internal/personal use and in accordance with the license agreement under which the applicable software is licensed. Any copy made shall include the PTC copyright notice and any other proprietary notice provided by PTC. This documentation may not be disclosed, transferred, modified, or reduced to any form, including electronic media, or transmitted or made publicly available by any means without the prior written consent of PTC and no authorization is granted to make copies for such purposes.

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The software described in this document is provided under written license agreement, contains valuable trade secrets and proprietary information, and is protected by the copyright laws of the United States and other countries. It may not be copied or distributed in any form or medium, disclosed to third parties, or used in any manner not provided for in the software licenses agreement except with written prior approval from PTC. UNAUTHORIZED USE OF SOFTWARE OR ITS DOCUMENTATION CAN RESULT IN CIVIL DAMAGES AND CRIMINAL PROSECUTION.

Registered Trademarks of Parametric Technology Corporation or a Subsidiary Advanced Surface Design, Behavioral Modeling, CADDS, Computervision, CounterPart, EPD, EPD.Connect, Expert Machinist, Flexible Engineering, HARNESSDESIGN, Info*Engine, InPart, MECHANICA, Optegra, Parametric Technology, Parametric Technology Corporation, PartSpeak, PHOTORENDER, Pro/DESKTOP, Pro/E, Pro/ENGINEER, Pro/HELP, Pro/INTRALINK, Pro/MECHANICA, Pro/TOOLKIT, Product First, PTC, PT/Products, Shaping Innovation, and Windchill.

Trademarks of Parametric Technology Corporation or a Subsidiary 3DPAINT, Associative Topology Bus, AutobuildZ, CDRS, Create � Collaborate � Control, CV, CVact, CVaec, CVdesign, CV-DORS, CVMAC, CVNC, CVToolmaker, DataDoctor, DesignSuite, DIMENSION III, DIVISION, e/ENGINEER, eNC Explorer, Expert MoldBase, Expert Toolmaker, GRANITE, ISSM, KDiP, Knowledge Discipline in Practice, Knowledge System Driver, ModelCHECK, MoldShop, NC Builder, Pro/ANIMATE, Pro/ASSEMBLY, Pro/CABLING, Pro/CASTING, Pro/CDT, Pro/CMM, Pro/COLLABORATE, Pro/COMPOSITE, Pro/CONCEPT, Pro/CONVERT, Pro/DATA for PDGS, Pro/DESIGNER, Pro/DETAIL, Pro/DIAGRAM, Pro/DIEFACE, Pro/DRAW, Pro/ECAD, Pro/ENGINE, Pro/FEATURE, Pro/FEM-POST, Pro/FICIENCY, Pro/FLY-THROUGH, Pro/HARNESS, Pro/INTERFACE, Pro/LANGUAGE, Pro/LEGACY, Pro/LIBRARYACCESS, Pro/MESH, Pro/Model.View, Pro/MOLDESIGN, Pro/NC-ADVANCED, Pro/NC-CHECK, Pro/NC-MILL, Pro/NCPOST, Pro/NC-SHEETMETAL, Pro/NC-TURN, Pro/NC-WEDM, Pro/NC-Wire EDM, Pro/NETWORK ANIMATOR, Pro/NOTEBOOK, Pro/PDM, Pro/PHOTORENDER, Pro/PIPING, Pro/PLASTIC ADVISOR, Pro/PLOT, Pro/POWER DESIGN, Pro/PROCESS, Pro/REPORT, Pro/REVIEW, Pro/SCAN-TOOLS, Pro/SHEETMETAL, Pro/SURFACE, Pro/VERIFY, Pro/Web.Link, Pro/Web.Publish, Pro/WELDING, Product Development Means Business, ProductView, PTC Precision, Shrinkwrap, Simple � Powerful � Connected, The Product Development Company, The Way to Product First, Wildfire, Windchill DynamicDesignLink, Windchill PartsLink, Windchill PDMLink, Windchill ProjectLink, and Windchill SupplyLink.

Patents of Parametric Technology Corporation or a Subsidiary Registration numbers and issue dates follow. Additionally, equivalent patents may be issued or pending outside of the United States. Contact PTC for further information. 6,665,569 B1 16-December-2003 6,625,607 B1 23-September-2003 6,580,428 B1 17-June-2003 GB2354684B 02-July-2003 GB2384125 15-October-2003 GB2354096 12-November-2003 6,608,623 B1 19 August 2003 GB2353376 05-November-2003 GB2354686 15-October-2003

6,608,623 B1 19 August 2003 6,473,673 B1 29-October-2002 GB2354683B 04-June-2003 6,447,223 B1 10-Sept-2002 6,308,144 23-October-2001 5,680,523 21-October-1997 5,838,331 17-November-1998 4,956,771 11-September-1990 5,058,000 15-October-1991

4,310,615 21-December-1998 4,310,614 30-April-1996 4,310,614 22-April-1999 5,297,053 22-March-1994 5,513,316 30-April-1996 5,689,711 18-November-1997 5,506,950 09-April-1996 5,428,772 27-June-1995 5,850,535 15-December-1998

6,545,671 B1 08-April-2003 GB2354685B 18-June-2003

5,140,321 18-August-1992 5,423,023 05-June-1990

5,557,176 09-November-1996 5,561,747 01-October-1996

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Moldflow is a registered trademark of Moldflow Corporation. The JPEG image output in the Pro/Web.Publish module is based in part on the work of the independent JPEG Group. DFORMD.DLL is copyrighted software from Compaq Computer Corporation and may not be distributed. METIS, developed by George Karypis and Vipin Kumar at the University of Minnesota, can be researched at http://www.cs.umn.edu/~karypis/metis. METIS is © 1997 Regents of the University of Minnesota. LightWork Libraries are copyrighted by LightWork Design 1990–2001. Visual Basic for Applications and Internet Explorer is copyrighted software of Microsoft Corporation. Parasolid © Electronic Data

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UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND This document and the software described herein are Commercial Computer Documentation and Software, pursuant to FAR 12.212(a)-(b) (OCT’95) or DFARS 227.7202-1(a) and 227.7202-3(a) (JUN’95), is provided to the US Government under a limited commercial license only. For procurements predating the above clauses, use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to the restrictions set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software Clause at DFARS 252.227-7013 (OCT’88) or Commercial Computer Software-Restricted Rights at FAR 52.227-19(c)(1)-(2) (JUN’87), as applicable. 012304

Parametric Technology Corporation, 140 Kendrick Street, Needham, MA 02494 USA

i

Table Of Contents Sketcher ....................................................................................................... 7

Using Sketcher with Intent Manager ............................................................... 7

About Sketcher Mode with the Intent Manager .............................................. 7

Functionality Map.....................................................................................10

To Create a Section in 2-D Sketcher ...........................................................15

To Access the Right Mouse Button Shortcut Menu.........................................15

Configuring for Sketcher ..............................................................................16

About Sketcher Configuration Options.........................................................16

To Set Sketcher Configuration Options ........................................................16

grid_snap................................................................................................17

section_color ...........................................................................................17

sketcher_blended_background...................................................................17

sketcher_collinear_skamps........................................................................18

sketcher_dec_places ................................................................................18

sketcher_disp_constraints .........................................................................18

sketcher_disp_dimensions.........................................................................18

sketcher_disp_grid ...................................................................................18

sketcher_disp_vertices .............................................................................19

sketcher_disp_weak_dimensions................................................................19

sketcher_equal_length_skamps .................................................................19

sketcher_equal_radii_skamps ....................................................................19

sketcher_grid_angle .................................................................................19

sketcher_grid_method ..............................................................................19

sketcher_set_grid_x_spacing.....................................................................19

sketcher_set_grid_y_spacing.....................................................................20

sketcher_import_exact_geom....................................................................20

sketcher_intent_manager..........................................................................20

sketcher_lineup_hor_skamps.....................................................................20

Table Of Contents

ii

sketcher_lineup_ver_skamps.....................................................................20

sketcher_lock_modified_dims ....................................................................20

sketcher_midpoint_skamps .......................................................................20

sketcher_num_digits ................................................................................21

sketcher_parallel_skamps .........................................................................21

sketcher_perpendicular_skamps ................................................................21

sketcher_point_on_entity_skamps..............................................................21

sketcher_rel_accuracy ..............................................................................21

sketcher_same_point_skamps ...................................................................21

sketcher_save_preview_image...................................................................21

sketcher_starts_in_2d ..............................................................................21

sketcher_symmetric_skamps.....................................................................22

sketcher_tangent_skamps.........................................................................22

sketcher_undo_stack_limit ........................................................................22

sketcher_refit_after_dim_modify................................................................22

Setting Sketcher Environment ......................................................................22

About Sketcher Preferences.......................................................................22

To Set Constraint Preferences ....................................................................23

To Set Display Preferences ........................................................................23

To Set Sketcher Parameters ......................................................................24

Working with the Sketcher Grid..................................................................24

To Set Sketcher Color ...............................................................................26

To Change Sketcher Accuracy....................................................................26

To Change Sketcher Accuracy (OFF) ...........................................................26

To Change the Anchor Point (OFF)..............................................................26

References.................................................................................................27

About References .....................................................................................27

To Create References................................................................................27

To Create References with the X sec Option.................................................28

To Create References for a Section .............................................................28

Creating Sketcher Geometry ........................................................................28

Table Of Contents

iii

About Creating Geometry in Sketcher .........................................................28

To Create a Line ......................................................................................29

To Create a Centerline ..............................................................................29

To Create a Line Tangent to Two Entities.....................................................29

To Create a Centerline Tangent to Two Entities ............................................30

To Create a Rectangle...............................................................................30

To Create a Circle ....................................................................................30

To Create a Circle Tangent to Three Entities ................................................31

To Create a Circle Through Three Points......................................................31

To Create an Ellipse..................................................................................31

Rules for Creating an Ellipse ......................................................................32

To Create a Conic.....................................................................................32

To Create an Arc ......................................................................................33

Example: Creating an Arc using a Target.....................................................33

To Create a Fillet Arc ................................................................................34

Sketching a Fillet Arc ................................................................................34

Example: Fillet Arcs..................................................................................34

To Create an Arc Tangent to Three Entities ..................................................35

To Create an Elliptical Fillet .......................................................................35

To Create a Spline....................................................................................35

Using a Coordinate System........................................................................35

To Create a Coordinate System..................................................................36

To Interpret a Coordinate System as Cartesian or Polar.................................36

Creating an Axis Point...............................................................................36

To Create an Axis Point.............................................................................36

To Create Text in Sketcher ........................................................................37

Creating Geometry from Model Edges .........................................................38

Creating Geometry with the Offset Edge Option ...........................................40

Manipulating Sketcher Geometry ..................................................................42

About Dividing and Trimming Entities .........................................................42

To Trim and Extend Entities.......................................................................42

Table Of Contents

iv

To Trim Entities to Each Other ...................................................................42

To Trim Entities by an Incremental Length (OFF)..........................................42

To Trim Entities to a Bounding Entity (OFF) .................................................42

To Trim Entities to a Specific Length (OFF) ..................................................43

To Intersect Entities (OFF) ........................................................................43

To Use the Delete Segment Command ........................................................43

To Divide Entities .....................................................................................44

Mirroring Geometry ..................................................................................44

To Mirror Geometry ..................................................................................44

Sketcher Selection Filter ..............................................................................44

About the Sketcher Selection Filter .............................................................44

To Use the Sketcher Selection Filter............................................................45

Example: Using the Sketcher Selection Filter ...............................................45

Working with Sections .................................................................................49

About Importing Files into Sketcher............................................................49

To Retrieve an Existing Section or Drawing..................................................49

To Import Files into Sketcher.....................................................................49

To Dimension a Section.............................................................................50

Tip: Dimensioning a Section to Part Edges...................................................50

To Exit Sketcher with an Incomplete Section................................................50

Dimensioning Sketcher Geometry .................................................................51

Dimensioning Basics .................................................................................51

To Create Dimensions (basic) ....................................................................51

To Use Known Dimensions (OFF)................................................................51

To Strengthen Weak Dimensions................................................................52

To Control the Display of Dimensions..........................................................52

Replacing a Dimension..............................................................................52

To Replace a Dimension ............................................................................53

To Add Relations to a Section ....................................................................53

To Modify Dimension Values ......................................................................53

Entering Negative Dimensions ...................................................................54

Table Of Contents

v

To Modify the Number of Decimal Places in Dimensions.................................54

To Lock or Unlock Section Dimensions ........................................................54

To Use the Drag Dim Val Option (OFF) ........................................................54

Creating Major Dimension Types ................................................................55

Dimensioning a Spline ..............................................................................59

Dimensioning a Conic ...............................................................................61

Creating Other Dimension Types ................................................................63

Moving or Replacing Entities.........................................................................66

To Move Entities ......................................................................................66

To Scale and Rotate a Section....................................................................66

To Replace an Entity.................................................................................67

To Move Dimensions (OFF)........................................................................68

To Drag a Single Entity (OFF) ....................................................................68

To Drag Multiple Entities (OFF) ..................................................................69

To Use the Drag Entity Option (OFF)...........................................................69

To Use the Drag Vertex Option (OFF)..........................................................69

Constraining Geometry ................................................................................70

About Using Sketcher Constraints...............................................................70

Graphic Display of Constraints ...................................................................70

To Control the Display of Constraints ..........................................................71

Supported Constraints ..............................................................................71

To Create Constraints ...............................................................................72

To Delete a Constraint ..............................................................................72

To Strengthen Constraints.........................................................................72

To Obtain Information about a Constraint....................................................73

To Make Circular or Elliptic Entities of Equal Radius.......................................73

To Control the Display of Constraints (OFF) .................................................73

Modifying a Section.....................................................................................73

To Delete Entities.....................................................................................73

To Create Construction Entities ..................................................................74

To Thicken a Wall Section In Sheetmetal Mode.............................................74

Table Of Contents

vi

Modifying Sketcher Text............................................................................74

Modifying a Spline....................................................................................74

Section Geometry Information......................................................................83

To Obtain Information About Section Geometry............................................83

Using a Coordinate System to Obtain Section Information (OFF) ....................83

Creating a Feature Section ...........................................................................84

About Using Sketcher to Create a Feature Section ........................................84

To Create a Feature Section (basic) ............................................................84

To Enter Sketcher Environment (basic) .......................................................85

To Specify and Orient the Sketching Plane...................................................85

Tip: Orienting the Sketching Plane..............................................................85

Defining References for a Section ...............................................................86

Sketcher Hints............................................................................................86

Sketcher Hints .........................................................................................86

To Resolve a Conflict ................................................................................87

Index...........................................................................................................89

7

Sketcher

Using Sketcher with Intent Manager

About Sketcher Mode with the Intent Manager

The Intent Manager enables you to dynamically dimension and constrain geometry

as you sketch. Before you enable Intent Manager for an existing section, make sure

the section is successfully regenerated. Any extra dimensions found by Sketcher will

be converted into reference dimensions.

To set Sketcher to use Intent Manager by default, set the configuration option

sketcher_intent_manager to yes.

To Disable Intent Manager

You can disable Intent Manager by clicking Sketch > Intent Manager.

Note: Topics that have the term "OFF" in their titles, exclusively discuss the Intent

Manager OFF behaviour for that functionality.

Terminology in Sketcher

The following glossary lists terminology used in Sketcher.

Term Definition

Entity Any element of the section geometry (such as

line, arc, circle, spline, conic, point, or

coordinate system).

You create entities when you sketch, divide, or

intersect the section geometry, or when you

reference geometry outside the section.

Reference entity An entity of the section that is created in 3-D

Sketcher when you reference geometry outside

the section. The referenced geometry (for

example, part edge) is "known" to Sketcher.

For example, creating a dimension to a part

edge creates a reference entity in the section

which is the projection of that part edge onto

the sketching plane.

Dimension A measurement of an entity or a relationship

among entities.

Sketcher – Help Topic Collection

8

Constraint A condition defining the geometry of the entity

or a relationship among entities. A constraint

symbol appears next to the entity to which the

constraint is applied.

For example, you can constrain two lines to be

parallel. A parallel constraint symbol appears

to indicate this.

Parameter An auxiliary numerical value in Sketcher.

Relation An equation relating dimensions and/or

parameters.

For example, a relation can be used to set the

length of one line to be half the length of some

other line.

Weak dimension or

constraint

A dimension or constraint is called "weak" if

Sketcher can remove it when appropriate

without any confirmation from the user.

Dimensions created by Sketcher are weak.

When you add a dimension, Sketcher can

remove an extra weak dimension or constraint

without any confirmation. Weak dimensions

and constraints appear in gray.

Strong dimension or

constraint

A dimension or constraint is called "strong" if

Sketcher cannot delete it automatically.

Dimensions and constraints created by the

user are always strong. If several strong

dimensions or constraints are in conflict,

Sketcher asks you to remove one. Strong

dimensions and constraints appear in yellow.

Conflict Contradicting or redundant conditions of two or

more strong dimensions or constraints. When

this occurs, the conflict must be resolved

immediately by removing an undesired

constraint or dimension.

Using Shortcuts with the Right Mouse Button

You can access the most frequently used drafting operations by pressing the right

mouse button. Additionally the right mouse button shortcut menu is context

sensitive.

Sketcher

9

The right mouse button shortcut menu is divided into three areas. The top of the

menu contains editing, manipulation and selection commands. The middle portion of

the menu contains creation commands and the bottom portion of the menu always

contains the Undo command.

Note: You cannot access this menu when you are in rubberband mode.

Using the Toolbar Icons

After you enter Sketcher, the toolbar displays the icons for the following options:

o Select

o Create Line

Create Centerline

o Create Rectangle

o Create Circle, Concentric Circle, Ellipse

Create Concentric Circle

Create Ellipse

o Create Arc

Create Concentric Arc

Create Center/Endpoints Arc

Create Conic Arc

o Create Circular Fillet

Create Elliptical Fillet

o Create Spline

o Create Points

Create Coordinate System

o Create entity from edge

Offset Edge

o Dimension

o Modify

o Constrain

o Create Text

o Trim/Divide Entity

o Mirror

Rotate


10

Copy

o Continue/Quit Section

Saving a Section

To save the section before exiting Sketcher, click File > Save or click the Save icon

on the toolbar. The system creates a file with extension ".sec".

Exiting Sketcher Mode

To exit Sketcher after you are finished creating a section, click Sketch > Done.

To exit Sketcher and discard any sketched geometry, click Sketch > Quit.

Functionality Map

Sketch Menu

Point— Sketch > Point

Line

Geometry

2 Points—Sketch > Line

2 Tangent—Sketch > Line, snap, modify

Centerline

2 Points—Sketch > Centerline

2 Tangent—Sketch > Centerline, snap, modify

Rectangle—Sketch > Rectangle

Arc

Tangent End—Sketch > Arc, snap, modify

Concentric—Sketch > Arc > Concentric

3 Tangent—Sketch > Arc, snap, modify

Fillet—Sketch > Fillet > Circular

Center\Ends—Sketch > Arc > Center and Ends

3 Point—Sketch > Arc

Circle

Geometry

Center/Point—Sketch > Circle

Concentric—Sketch > Circle > Concentric

3 Tangent—Sketch > Circle, snap, modify

Sketcher

11

Fillet—Sketch > Circle, snap, modify

3 Point—Sketch > Circle, drag

Construction

Center/Point—Sketch > Circle, Edit > Toggle Construction (Select items first)

Concentric—Sketch > Circle > Concentric, Edit > Toggle Construction (Select

items first)

3 Tangent—Sketch > Circle, snap, modify, Edit > Toggle Construction (Select

items first)

Fillet—Sketch > Circle, snap, modify, Edit > Toggle Construction (Select items

first)

3 Point—Sketch > Circle, drag, Edit > Toggle Construction (Select items first)

Adv Geometry

Conic—Sketch > Arc > Conic

Coord Sys—Sketch > Coordinate System

Elliptic Fillet—Sketch > Fillet > Elliptical

Ellipse—Sketch > Circle > Ellipse

Spline

Sketch Points—Sketch > Spline

None—Sketch > Spline, don't snap

Start—Sketch > Spline, snap

End—Sketch > Spline, snap

Both—Sketch > Spline, snap

Control Poly—Sketch > Spline, modify

Approx Chain select entities—Edit > Convert to > Spline

Text—Sketch > Text

Axis Point—Sketch > Feature Tools > Axis Point

Blend Vertex—Sketch > Feature Tools > Blend Vertex (Select item first)

Dimension Menu

Strengthen—Edit > Convert to > Strong (Select items first)

Normal—Sketch > Dimension > Normal

Perimeter—Edit > Convert to > Perimeter (Select items first)

Baseline—Sketch > Dimension > Baseline

Replace—Edit > Replace


12

Constrain Menu

Create

Same Points—Sketch > Constrain

Horizontal—Sketch > Constrain

Vertical—Sketch > Constrain

Point on Entity—Sketch > Constrain

Tangent—Sketch > Constrain

Perpendicular—Sketch > Constrain

Parallel—Sketch > Constrain

Equal Radii—Sketch > Constrain

Equal Lengths—Sketch > Constrain

Symmetric—Sketch > Constrain

Line Up Horizontal—Sketch > Constrain

Line Up Vertical—Sketch > Constrain

Collinear—Sketch > Constrain

Alignment—Sketch > Constrain

Explain—Sketch > Constrain

Strengthen—Edit > Convert to > Strong (Select items first)

Modify Menu

Mod Entity—Edit > Modify

Drag Dim Val—Edit > Modify, select dim, click Regenerate

Set Anchor—Edit > Toggle Lock (Select items first)

Scale—Edit > Modify, select dim(s), click Lock Scale

Lock Menu

Lock>Unlock—Edit > Toggle Lock (Select items first)

Lock All Dims—Edit > Toggle Lock (Select items first)

Delete Menu

Delete Item—Edit > Delete (Select items first)

Delete Many—Edit > Delete (Select items first)

Delete All—Edit > Delete (Select items first)

Sketcher

13

Geom Tools Menu

Intersect—Edit > Trim > Divide

Trim—Edit > Trim > Corner

Bound—Edit > Trim > Delete Segment

Corner—Edit > Trim > Corner

Divide—Edit > Trim > Divide

Use Edge

Sel Edge—Sketch > Edge > Use

Sel Loop—Sketch > Edge > Use

Sel Chain—Sketch > Edge > Use

Offset Edge

Sel Edge—Sketch > Edge > Offset

Sel Loop—Sketch > Edge > Offset

Sel Chain—Sketch > Edge > Offset

Tapered—Edit > Convert to > Tapered (Select items first)

Mirror—Edit > Mirror (Select items first)

Replace—Edit > Replace

Rotate—Edit > Scale & Rotate (Select items first)

Sec Tools Menu

Copy Layout—File > Import > Layout, retrieve layout

Copy Draw—File > Import> Append to Model..., retrieve Drawing

Place Section—Sketch > Data from File..., retrieve Sketch

Sec Environ

Disp Verts—Sketch > Options > Sketcher Preferences, Display, Vertices

Disp Constr—Sketch > Options > Sketcher Preferences, Display, Constraints

Disp Dim—Sketch > Options > Sketcher Preferences, Display, Dimensions

Grid

Grid—Sketch > Options > Sketcher Preferences, Display, Grid

Type—Sketch > Options > Sketcher Preferences, Parameters, Cartesian or

Polar

Origin—Sketch > Options > Sketcher Preferences, Parameters

Params—Sketch > Options > Sketcher Preferences, Parameters

Num Digits—Sketch > Options > Sketcher Preferences, Parameters


14

Accuracy—Sketch > Options > Sketcher Preferences, Parameters

Declaration—Sketch > Feature Tools > Declaration

Sec Info

Entity—Analysis > Entity

Intersect Pt—Analysis > Intersection Point

Tangent Pt—Analysis > Tangency Point

References—Sketch > References

Angle—Analysis > Angle

Distance—Analysis > Distance

CrvtureDisp—Analysis > Curvature

Grid Info—Sketch > Options > Sketcher Preferences, Parameters

Start Point—Sketch > Feature Tools > Start Point

Toggle—Sketch > Feature Tools > Toggle Section

Relation Menu

Add— Tools > Options > Relations

Edit Rel— Tools > Options > Relations

Show Rel— Tools > Options > Relations

Evaluate— Tools > Options > Relations

Sort Rel— Tools > Options > Relations

Show Dim— Tools > Options > Relations

Switch Dim— Tools > Options > Relations

Add Param— Tools > Options > Relations

Del Param— Tools > Options > Relations

Session ID— Tools > Options > Relations

User Prog— Tools > Options > Relations

Where Used— Tools > Options > Relations

Undo—Edit > Undo

Redo—Edit > Redo

Sketch View—View > Sketch View

Done—Sketch > Done

Quit—Sketch > Quit

Use 2D Sketcher—Sketch > Options > Sketcher Preferences, Display, Use 2D

Sketcher

Sketcher

15

Snap to Grid—Sketch > Options > Sketcher Preferences, Display, Snap to

Grid

[for swept blend feature with selected sections]

Sel—Curve>Edge

To Create a Section in 2-D Sketcher

1. Sketch the section geometry.

The system adds dimensions and constraints automatically as you create the

section.

2. Redefine the dimensioning scheme, as needed.

You can modify the dimensioning scheme created by Sketcher by adding your

own dimensions and constraints. You cannot explicitly delete any system

dimensions. As you add dimensions and constraints, the system automatically

deletes system (weak) dimensions and constraints that are no longer necessary.

If you want to keep the system dimensions and constraints, strengthen them

before exiting Sketcher.

3. Add section relations, if desired.

4. Add relations to control the behavior of your section.

5. Save the section before exiting.

To Access the Right Mouse Button Shortcut Menu

The right mouse button shortcut menu is context sensitive. Sketcher dynamically

assembles the shortcut menu taking the following factors into consideration:

• What command is currently invoked

• What kind of entity is selected

• What is currently pre-highlighted

The top portion of the menu contains editing, manipulation and selection commands.

Some of the commands that the top portion may include are:

• Accept

• Delete

• Enable/Disable

• Modify

• Next

• Pick

• Previous

• Query Sel


16

• Strong

• Unlock

• Unselect last

The middle portion of the menu contains creation commands. Generally the following

commands are available:

• Line

• Rectangle

• Circle

• 3 Point/Tangent Arc

• Centerline

• Fillet

• Dimension

The menu, in its lower portion, lists only the following command:

• Undo—Undo the most recent operation.

Note: You cannot access the shortcut menu when you are in rubberband mode.

Configuring for Sketcher

About Sketcher Configuration Options

You can preset environment options and other global settings by entering the

settings you want in a configuration file. To set configuration file options click Tools

> Options.

This help module contains a list of configuration options, in alphabetical order,

showing for each option or group of related options:

• Configuration option name.

• Associated variables or values. The default values for the options are shown in

italics.

• Brief description.

To Set Sketcher Configuration Options

1. Click Tools > Options. The Options dialog box opens.

2. Click the Show only options loaded from file check box to see currently

loaded configuration options or clear this check box to see all configuration

options.

3. Select the configuration option from the list or type the configuration option

name in the Option box.

Sketcher

17

4. In the Value box type or select a value.

Note: The default value is followed by an asterisk (*).

5. Click Add/Change. The configuration option and its value appear in the list. A

green status icon confirms the change.

6. When you finish configuring, click Apply or OK.

grid_snap

yes, no

yes—Pick points snap to a grid

no—Turns the grid snap off so that any location can be picked.

section_color

default, drawing_color

Specifies the color of sketched sections.

default—Color is cyan.

drawing_color—Color is white.

After you set this option, it takes effect immediately in the current session of

Pro/ENGINEER.

sketcher_blended_background

yes, no

yes—Use blended background in 3D Sketcher.

The option has no effect if blended background is turned off generally. After you set

this option, it takes effect immediately in the current session of Pro/ENGINEER.


18

sketcher_collinear_skamps

yes, no

yes—Collinear constraints are used by the Intent Manager.

no—Collinear constraints are not used by the Intent Manager.

sketcher_dec_places

value (default=2)

Sets the default number of decimal places displayed for dimensions in Sketcher. The

extrusion depth or any other dimension you enter to create 3D geometry is

controlled by the default_dec_places option.


Pro/ENGINEER and affects the subsequent settings of decimal places displayed for

dimensions in Sketcher.

sketcher_disp_constraints

yes, no

Shows the constraints when sketching in Sketcher Mode; for example, H for

horizontal, V for vertical, and so on.


Pro/ENGINEER.

sketcher_disp_dimensions

yes, no

This configuration option when set to no, suppresses all dimensions displayed in a

sketcher session.


Pro/ENGINEER.

sketcher_disp_grid

yes, no

yes—Display the sketcher grid.


Pro/ENGINEER and affects the subsequent display.

Sketcher

19

sketcher_disp_vertices

yes, no

Places yellow points on vertices in sketcher.


Pro/ENGINEER.

sketcher_disp_weak_dimensions

yes, no

yes—weak dimensions are displayed.

no—weak dimensions are not displayed.

sketcher_equal_length_skamps

yes, no

yes—Equal length constraints are used by the Intent Manager.

no—Equal length constraints are not used by the Intent Manager.

sketcher_equal_radii_skamps

yes, no

yes—Equal radii constraints are used by the Intent Manager.

no—Equal radii constraints are not used by the Intent Manager.

sketcher_grid_angle

<value>

Enter a grid angle value to overide the default grid angle value.

sketcher_grid_method

number

Enter an x grid spacing value to override the default x grid spacing value.

sketcher_set_grid_x_spacing

number

Enter a x grid spacing value to override the default x grid spacing value.


20

sketcher_set_grid_y_spacing

number

Enter a y grid spacing value to override the default y grid spacing value.

sketcher_import_exact_geom

yes,no

Improves the performance while importing geometry.

sketcher_intent_manager

yes, no

yes—The Intent Manager the default

no—The old sketcher is the default.


Pro/ENGINEER, the next time you access Sketcher.

sketcher_lineup_hor_skamps

yes, no

yes—Line up horizontal constraints are used by the Intent Manager.

no—Line up horizontal constraints are not used by the Intent Manager.

sketcher_lineup_ver_skamps

yes, no

yes—Line up vertical constraints are used by the Intent Manager.

no—Line up vertical constraints are not used by the Intent Manager.

sketcher_lock_modified_dims

yes, no

yes—Modified dimensions are locked.

no—Modified dimensions are not locked.

sketcher_midpoint_skamps

yes—Midpoint constraints are used by the Intent Manager.

no—Midpoint constraints are not used by the Intent Manager.

Sketcher

21

sketcher_num_digits

Enter a number of digits for sketcher accuracy.

sketcher_parallel_skamps

yes, no

yes—Parallel constraints are used by the Intent Manager.

no—Parallel constraints are not used by the Intent Manager.

sketcher_perpendicular_skamps

yes, no

yes—Perpendicular constraints are used by the Intent Manager.

no—Perpendicular constraints are not used by the Intent Manager.

sketcher_point_on_entity_skamps

yes, no

yes—Point on entity constraints are used by the Intent Manager.

no—Point on entity constraints are not used by the Intent Manager.

sketcher_rel_accuracy

<value>

Enter a sketcher relative accuracy.

sketcher_same_point_skamps

yes, no

yes—Same point constraints are used by the Intent Manager.

no—Same point constraints are not used by the Intent Manager.

sketcher_save_preview_image

yes, no

Controls whether selection files should be saved with embedded image information

used to preview sections in the File and Open dialog boxes.

sketcher_starts_in_2d

yes, no

Defines initial model orientation in Sketcher mode.


22

yes—2D orientation, looking directly at section (sketching) plane.

no—Orientation unchanged. Sketch directly on the 3D part.


Pro/ENGINEER and affects the subsequent orientation of models in Sketcher.

sketcher_symmetric_skamps

yes, no

yes—Symmetric constraints are used by the Intent Manager.

no—Symmetric constraints are not used by the Intent Manager.

sketcher_tangent_skamps

yes, no

yes—Tangent constraints are used by the Intent Manager.

no—Tangent constraints are not used by the Intent Manager.

sketcher_undo_stack_limit

Sketcher saves a copy of each function performed. The number of possible saved

functions depends on the number specified in the option. The undo menu can be

used to remove the stored functions. After you set this option, it takes effect

immediately in the current session of Pro/ENGINEER.

sketcher_refit_after_dim_modify

yes, no

Controls the behavior of altering the view after a modification has been made to refit

the entire sketch on screen.

Setting Sketcher Environment

About Sketcher Preferences

You can customize the Sketcher environment by clicking Sketch > Options. The

Sketcher Preferences dialog box that appears allows you to do the following:

• Show/hide the screen grid, vertices, constraints, dimensions, and weak

dimensions.

• Set Sketcher constraint preferences.

• Change the grid parameters.

• Change Sketcher accuracy and the number of decimal places in dimensions.

Sketcher

23

To Set Constraint Preferences

1. In Sketcher mode, click Sketch > Options . Pro/ENGINEER displays the

Sketcher Preferences dialog box.

2. Click the Constraints tab.

3. The Constraints tabbed page lists the following constraints. You can control the

constraints that Sketcher assumes by placing or removing a check mark:

o Line Up Horizontal

o Line Up Vertical

o Parallel

o Perpendicular

o Equal Length

o Equal Radii

o Collinear

o Symmetric

o Midpoint

o Tangent

4. Click to apply the changes and close the dialog box.

Note: To reset default constraints, click the Default button. To ignore the changes

and close the dialog box click .

To Set Display Preferences

1. In Sketcher mode, click Sketch > Options. Pro/ENGINEER displays the

Sketcher Preferences dialog box.

2. The Display tabbed page lists the following options that you can switch on and

off by placing or removing a check mark:

o Grid—display of the screen grid.

o Vertices— display of vertices. You can control the display of vertices by

setting the configuration option sketcher_disp_vertices.

o Constraints—display of constraints. You can control the display of

constraints by setting the configuration option

sketcher_disp_constraints.

o Dimensions—display of all section dimensions.

o Weak Dimensions—display of weak dimensions.

o Snap To Grid—Engage or disengage the snap to grid option.


24

o Lock Modified Dimensions—Lock or unlock modified dimensions.

o Start in Sketch View—Orient model so that the sketching plane is parallel

to the screen.

3. Click the button to apply the changes and close the dialog box.

Note: To reset default display preferences, click the Default button. To ignore the

changes and close the dialog box click .

To Set Sketcher Parameters

1. In Sketcher mode, click Sketch > Options. The Sketcher Preferences dialog

box opens.

2. Click the Parameters tab.

3. The Parameters tabbed page lists the following options:

o Grid—You can modify the grid Origin, Angle and Type.

o Grid Spacing—You can change the spacing of both the Cartesian and Polar

grids. Select Automatic or Manual from the drop-down list box to achieve

the following:

Automatic—Grid scales adjust depending on the zoom factor.

Manual—x and y remain constant at the specified values.

o Accuracy—You can modify the number of decimal places that the system

displays for dimensions. In addition you can change the relative accuracy

for Sketcher solving.

4. Click the button to apply the changes and close the dialog box.

Note: To reset default parameters, click the Default button. To ignore the

changes and close the dialog box click .

Working with the Sketcher Grid

Sketcher mode supports both Cartesian and polar grids. When you first enter

Sketcher mode, the system displays a Cartesian grid. Before beginning the sketch,

the grid can be one of two sizes:

• For the first feature section of a part and for auxiliary sketches such as blind

holes, the grid has a spacing equal to one model unit. For example, sketching a

box 4x6 grid spaces creates a box measuring 4x6 units.

• Additional section sketches for a model use a grid for reference only. You can

modify this grid spacing, but the first grid displayed is scaled for the current part

size and does not have a value of one unit between grid lines.

You can set the grid intersection at the following locations:

Sketcher

25

• Sketched entity endpoint and center of arc/circle

• Sketched point and coordinate system

• Datum point and coordinate system

• Edge or curve vertex

To do so, open the Sketcher Preferences dialog box and click the Parameters

tab. Click the mouse pointer button and then appropriate geometry to locate the

origin.

Modifying the Grid Spacing

You can use the Manual or Automatic options located in the drop-down list in the

Sketcher Preferences dialog box to control grid spacing. Automatic adjusts grid

spacing depending on the zoom factor. Use Manual to modify the grid spacing and

angle. Use this option when you first start a sketch (before any geometry has been

created) to control the approximate size of the section. To modify the grid spacing or

angle, open the Sketcher Preferences dialog box and click the Parameters tab.

Next, select Manual from the drop-down list. The options available depend on the

grid type.

For a Cartesian grid, the available options are as follows:

• X&Y Spacing—Set the spacing in both the x- and y- directions to the same

value.

• X Spacing—Set the x-direction spacing only.

• Y Spacing—Set the y-direction spacing only.

• Angle—Set the angle of the grid lines relative to the x-axis.

For a polar grid, the options are as follows:

• Ang Spacing—Set the angular spacing between radial lines. The specified value

must divide evenly into 360.

• Num Lines—Set the number of radial lines. The angular spacing is 360 divided

by the number of lines.

• Rad Spacing—Modify the spacing of the circular grid.

• Angle—Modify the angle between the horizontal and the 0 degree radial line.

Note: Click to control the display of sketcher grids.


26

To Set Sketcher Color

The default color for section geometry is cyan. You can change this color by using

the configuration file option section_color. You can also change the color by

selecting View > Display Settings > System Colors. The new color applies to

both new and modified geometry.

To Change Sketcher Accuracy

Modifying the Sketcher accuracy helps solve certain section regeneration problems.

For example, if a problem occurs because the length of a segment is less than

Sketcher accuracy, you can increase the accuracy by entering a smaller number.

1. Click Sketch > Options. The Sketcher Preferences dialog box appears.

2. Click Parameters.

3. In the Relative box, enter a value between 1.0E-9 (0.000000001) and 1.0.

To Change Sketcher Accuracy (OFF)

1. Ensure that the Intent Manager is OFF on the Sketch menu.

2. Click Sec Environ on the SEC TOOLS menu. The SEC ENVIRON menu appears.

3. Click Accuracy.

4. At the prompt for the new accuracy, enter a value between 1.0E-9

(0.000000001) and 1.0.

5. If the section still fails to regenerate successfully, try increasing the accuracy

again (entering a smaller number), or evaluate the section for other problems.

Pro/ENGINEER remembers the relative accuracy of each section when you

redefine a feature that contains the section.

To Change the Anchor Point (OFF)


2. Click SKETCHER > Modify. The MOD SKETCH menu appears.

3. Select Set Anchor from the MOD SKETCH menu. This option is available only

when no three-dimensional geometry exists for locating the section.

4. Select the point that you want to use as the anchor for the sketch.

Sketcher

27

References

About References

To dimension and constrain geometry, Pro/ENGINEER requires you to create

references. References can be created through the References dialog box. To open

the References dialog box, click Sketch > References.

Pro/ENGINEER prompts you to create references in the following situations:

• When you create a new feature, the References dialog box opens.

Pro/ENGINEER prompts you to select a perpendicular surface, edge, or vertex

relative to which the section will be dimensioned and constrained.

• When you redefine a feature that is missing references.

• When you do not have enough references to place a section.

Note: When you create a new feature, the system automatically selects default

Sketcher references. You can change these references or create new ones in the

References dialog box.

To Create References

1. Click Sketch > References. Pro/ENGINEER displays the References dialog box.

2. Select from the following options:

o Select—Use this tool to create references for dimensioning and

constraining. Click on model geometry to create a reference. Pro/ENGINEER

displays each new reference in the References list.

o X Sec—Use this tool to create references at the intersection of a sketching

plane and a surface. To create a reference, click the left mouse button at

the intersection of a sketching plane and a surface. Pro/ENGINEER displays

each new reference in the References list.

o Delete—Use this option to delete references. Select the reference you wish

to delete from the references list. Click Delete. Pro/ENGINEER deletes the

selected reference.

o Chain—Use this list filter to select all edge references in the References

dialog box.

Notes:

o To delete all edge references, click Chain and then click Delete.

o When selecting from the reference list you can highlight multiple references

by holding down the CONTROL key as you select.

3. Click Close. Pro/ENGINEER accepts the references and closes the dialog box.

Note: You can sketch without creating sufficient references as long as you create the

required references later.


28

To Create References with the X sec Option

You can use the X sec option to create reference entities by intersecting the

sketching plane with surfaces. All other reference entities in Sketcher are created by

projecting the referenced geometry onto the sketching plane. In contrast, the X sec

option projects the referenced geometry onto the sketching plane to create true

intersections. This command is especially useful for variable section sweeps.

1. Click Sketch > References. The References dialog box opens.

2. Click the X sec button.

3. Select a surface. Sketcher creates a reference entity at the intersection of the

sketching plane with the surface.

4. Click Close. Pro/ENGINEER closes the dialog box.

To Create References for a Section

1. Click Sketch > References. The References dialog box appears.

2. Select a perpendicular surface, an edge, or a vertex relative to which the section

will be dimensioned or constrained.

3. The system shows reference entities as orange phantom lines.

Creating Sketcher Geometry

About Creating Geometry in Sketcher

To start sketching, select an option from the Sketcher toolbar or the Sketch menu.

Create entities by clicking points inside the Sketcher window.

As you move the mouse pointer, Sketcher determines applicable constraints and

displays them; Pro/ENGINEER displays the active constraint in red. As you create

geometry it snaps to satisfy these constraints (for example, horizontal or vertical line

constraint).

After the entities are sketched, you can apply additional constraints by selecting the

Constrain option in the Sketch menu.

You use the mouse in Sketcher in different ways:

• Use the left mouse button to pick points on the screen and the middle mouse

button to abort the current action.

• Press SHIFT and click the left mouse button to switch between circle and ellipse

creation. You can use the same mouse operation to switch between circular fillet

and elliptical fillet creation.

• While you are sketching, you can disable the current constraint (shown in red) by

pressing the right mouse button and lock the constraint by pressing SHIFT and

the right mouse button.

• Press CONTROL and click the left mouse button to gather selected items.

Sketcher

29

• You can click the right mouse button menu for a shortcut menu with frequently

used sketching commands (while you are not in the rubberband mode).

The system automatically dimensions geometry as you sketch entities by adding only

those dimensions that are necessary to solve the section. The system dimensions are

called "weak" dimensions (they appear in gray), because the system can remove or

change them without your input. Use the Dimension option in the Sketch menu to

add "strong" dimensions (they appear in yellow).

To Create a Line

1. Click Sketch > Line.

Note: You can also access the line command by clicking the Line button in the

Sketcher toolbar. Additionally, you can right-click in the Sketcher window and

select Line from the shortcut menu.

2. Click at the location at which you want to start the line. A "rubberband" line

appears attached to the cursor.

3. Click at the location at which you want the line to end. Pro/ENGINEER creates a

line between the two points and starts another rubberband line.

4. Repeat Step 3 to create additional lines.

5. Click the middle mouse button to end line creation. The rubberband line

disappears.

To Create a Centerline

Centerlines are used to define the axis of revolution of a revolved feature, to define a

line of symmetry within a section or to create construction lines. Centerlines have

infinite length and are not used to create feature geometry.

1. Click Sketch > Line> Centerline.

Note: You can also use the Centerline command by clicking the Centerline icon

in the Sketcher toolbar. Additionally, you can right-click in the Sketcher window

and select Centerline from the shortcut menu.

2. Click to select a location at which to intersect the centerline. A centerline appears

attached to the cursor.

3. Click a second location at which to intersect the centerline. Pro/ENGINEER

creates a Centerline between the two points.

To Create a Line Tangent to Two Entities

1. Click and then click located in the Line creation fly-out or Sketch >

Line > Line Tangent.

2. Select a start location on an arc, circle. Use middle mouse button to end the

command.


30

Note: Line is previewed after two points are defined.

3. Select an end location on an arc, circle. Use middle mouse button to end the

command.

To Create a Centerline Tangent to Two Entities

1. Click and then click located in the Line creation fly-out or Sketch > Line

> Centerline Tangent.

2. Select a start location on an arc, circle. Use middle mouse button to end the

command.

3. Select an end location on an arc, circle. Use middle mouse button to end the

command.

To Create a Rectangle

1. Click Sketch > Rectangle.

Note: You can also access the Rectangle command by selecting Rectangle from

the Sketcher toolbar. Additionally, you can right-click in the Sketcher window

and select Rectangle from the shortcut menu.

2. Place one vertex with the left mouse button and drag the rectangle to the desired

size.

3. To place the other vertex, click the left mouse button.

The four lines of the rectangle are independent. You can handle them (trim, align,

and so forth) individually.

To Create a Circle

1. Click Sketch > Circle. The default circle type is Center/Point.

Note: You can also use the Circle command by selecting Circle from the


select circle from the shortcut menu.

2. Click on the arrow to the right of the Circle button to select the creation method.

o Center/Point—Create a circle by picking the center point and a point that

lies on the circle.

o Concentric—Create a concentric circle. Select a reference circle or an arc

to define the center point. As you move the cursor, the circle rubberbands

until you press the left mouse to finish. The selected referenced circle can

be a sketched entity or a model edge. If the selected circle reference is a

model entity that is "unknown" to Sketcher, it automatically becomes a

reference entity.

Sketcher

31

To Create a Circle Tangent to Three Entities

1. Click and then click located in the Circle creation fly-out or Sketch >

Circle > 3 Tangent.

2. Select a start location on an arc, circle, or line. Use middle mouse button to end

the command.

3. Select an end location on an arc, circle, or line. Use middle mouse button to end

the command.

Note: Circle is previewed after two points are defined.

4. Select a third location on an arc, circle, or line. Use middle mouse button to end

the command.

To Create a Circle Through Three Points

1. Click and then click located in the Circle creation fly-out or Sketch >

Circle > 3 Point.

2. Select a start location on an arc. Use middle mouse button to end the command.

3. Select the first point on the circle.

4. Select the second point on the circle.

Note: Circle is previewed after two points are defined.

5. Select the third point on the circle.

To Create an Ellipse

1. Click Sketch > Circle > Ellipse.

Note: You can also use this command by clicking the Ellipse button in the

Sketcher toolbar.

2. Click the center of the ellipse.

3. Drag the ellipse to the desired shape and click the left mouse button to finish.

4. Once the center and the corner of the defining rectangle of the ellipse are

selected, the sketch is created and two dimensions, Rx and Ry are placed in the

sketch. The dimensions Rx and Ry define the length of the X and Y axis of the

ellipse. The following figure is an example of an ellipse.


32

Rules for Creating an Ellipse

An ellipse has the following properties:

• The center point of an ellipse behaves the same as the center of a circle, and can

be referred to by dimensions and constraints.

• The axes of an ellipse are parallel to the horizontal and vertical axes of the

sketch. An ellipse cannot be slanted.

• Ellipse is defined by two radii: x-radius and y-radius. The length of the horizontal

axis from the center of the ellipse to the ellipse itself is called the x-radius in

Sketcher. The vertical half-axis is called the y-Radius. These radii can be

dimensioned and can be referred to by Equal Radius constraints.

• The center of the ellipse and the ellipse itself will snap to constraints while the

ellipse is being sketched. Some of the constraints that can be applied to an

ellipse are Tangency, Point on Entity, and Equal Radii.

To Create a Conic

1. Click Sketch > Arc > Conic.

2. Pick the first endpoint for the conic using the left mouse button.

3. Pick the second endpoint for the conic using the left mouse button.

4. Pick the location for the shoulder using the left mouse button. The conic

rubberbands as you move the cursor.

Sketcher

33

To Create an Arc

1. Click Sketch > Arc.

Note: You can also use this command by clicking Arc in the Sketcher toolbar.

Additionally, you can right-click in the Sketcher window and select either 3-Point

or Tangent arc from the shortcut menu.

2. Select one of the following creation methods from the ARC menu:

o 3 Point/Tangent End— Create a 3-point arc by picking its endpoints and

an additional point on the arc. To create a tangent arc, pick an endpoint of

an existing entity to determine tangency, then pick a location for the other

endpoint of the arc.

o Concentric—Create a concentric arc. Select an arc to use its center,

rubberband to the desired radius, and sketch the arc.

o Center/Ends—Create an arc by picking the center point of the arc and the

endpoints of the arc.

Example: Creating an Arc using a Target

When you create a 3 Point/Tangent End Arc on an existing endpoint, Sketcher

displays a target symbol attached to the endpoint. To create a 3 point arc, drag the

cursor out of a quadrant perpendicular to the end of the entity. To create a tangent

end arc, drag the cursor out of a quadrant tangent to the end of the entity.

1. Endpoint

2. Existing Geometry

3. Quadrants for 3 Point Arc creation


34

4. Quadrants for tangent end are creation

To Create a Fillet Arc

The Fillet option creates a rounded intersection between any two entities. The size

and location of the fillet depends on the pick locations.

1. Click Sketch > Fillet > Circular.

Note:You can also use this command by clicking the Arc button in the Sketcher

toolbar. Additionally, you can right-click in the Sketcher window and select Fillet

from the shortcut menu.

2. Click the first line using the left mouse button.

3. Click the second line using the left mouse button. Pro/ENGINEER creates a fillet

from the selected point that is closest to the intersection point of the two lines

and trims the lines to the intersection point.

Sketching a Fillet Arc

The Fillet option creates a rounded intersection between any two entities. The size

and location of the fillet depends on the pick locations.

You cannot create a fillet between the following entities:

• Parallel lines

• A centerline and another entity

When a fillet is inserted between two entities, the system automatically divides two

entities at the fillet tangency points. If you add the fillet between two non-parallel

lines, the lines are automatically trimmed to the fillet. If you add the fillet between

any other entities, you must delete leftover segments manually.

Example: Fillet Arcs

Fillets Between Different Entities

1. Fillets between lines, splines and circles

2. Division points

3. Resulting geometry after deleting entities between division points

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35

To Create an Arc Tangent to Three Entities

1. Click and then click located in the Arc creation fly-out or Sketch > Arc

> 3 Tangent.

2. Select a start location on an arc, circle, or line. Use middle mouse button to end

the command.

3. Select an end location on an arc, circle, or line. Use middle mouse button to end

the command.

Note: Arc is previewed after two points are defined.

4. Select a third location on an arc, circle, or line. Use middle mouse button to end

the command.

To Create an Elliptical Fillet

The axes of the elliptical fillet are horizontal and vertical. The elliptical fillet is

tangent at its endpoints to the entities selected for its creation. For this operation,

you can select the same entities as for Arc, Fillet.

1. Click Sketch > Fillet > Elliptical.

Note: You can also access the elliptical fillet command by clicking the Elliptical

Fillet button in the Sketcher toolbar.

2. Click the entities between which you want to create an elliptical fillet.

To Create a Spline

Splines are curves that pass smoothly through any number of intermediate points.

1. Click or Sketch > Spline.

2. Click in the Sketcher window to add points to the spline. A "rubberband" spline

appears attached to the cursor.

3. Repeat Step 2 to add additional spline points. Click the middle mouse button to

end spline creation.

Using a Coordinate System

You can add a coordinate system to a section to be used with the following:

• Spline—You can dimension a spline to a coordinate system. This allows you to

modify the spline points by specifying the x-, y-, and z-axis coordinates with

respect to the coordinate system.

• Reference—You can add coordinate systems to any section to aid dimensioning.

• Blend feature section—You can use the coordinate system to establish the

relative origin for each of the sections used for blends.


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To Create a Coordinate System

1. Click Sketch > Coord Sys.

Note: You can also use this command by clicking the Coordinate System

button in the Sketcher toolbar.

2. Click a location to locate the coordinate system.

To Interpret a Coordinate System as Cartesian or Polar

You can choose between two types of draft grids: Cartesian and Polar. The system

creates a Cartesian grid by locating points on a plane, measuring their distance from

either of two intersecting straight-line axes along a line parallel to the other axis.

It creates a Polar grid by locating points in a plane, measuring their distance from a

fixed point on a line and the angle this line makes with a fixed line. To change from

one type to another, click Sketch > Options.

When using a two-dimensional draft grid in a drawing, keep in mind the following:

The grid snap falls on the grid lines when grid snap is on (set in the Environment

dialog box).

The grid origin and angle affect the coordinate values specified for geometry points.

The x-axis is always along one direction of the grid, while the y-axis is along the

other.

The grid origin affects the coordinate values appearing in the message area when

sketching.

Creating an Axis Point

Use the Axis Point option from the Sketch menu to create an axis that is normal to

the sketching plane. The depth of the axis is determined by the geometry of the

feature and is similar to an axis of a cylindrical hole.

You can use the axis created with the Axis Point option for referencing and

dimensioning both in Sketcher and throughout Pro/ENGINEER. The axis point

behaves as an axis created with Datum > Axis in Part mode. You can include the

Sketcher axis in a punch UDF and slot.

To Create an Axis Point

1. Click Sketch > Axis Point.

2. Click a point.

3. The system creates an axis through the point.

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To Create Text in Sketcher

1. Click Sketch > Text and select a start point on the sketching plane to set text

height and orientation.

2. Click an end point. Sketcher creates a construction line between the start point

and the end point. The length of the construction line determines the height of

the text, while the angle of the line determines the text orientation. The Text

dialog box opens.

3. Under Text line, select Enter text manually or Use parameter.

Note: Use parameter is available only in the 3D mode.

• Enter text manually—Type a single line of up to 79 characters of text.

If required, click Text Symbol to insert special text symbols. The Text Symbol

dialog box opens. Select the symbol that you want to insert. The symbol appears

in the Text line box and in the graphics area. Click Close to close the Text

Symbol dialog box.

• Use Parameter—Allows you to select a parameter that you have defined. The

value of the parameter is displayed on the screen.

a. Click Use Parameter. The Select Parameter dialog box opens.

b. Under Look In, select Part, Feature, Annotation Element, Surface, or

Edge to determine the object type. The name of the object type you select,

appears in the Look In box.

c. Select a parameter from the Parameters Table and click OK. The name of

the selected parameter appears in the Text line box and cannot be

modified. The value of the parameter is displayed on the screen.

4. You can specify any of the following under Font in the Text dialog box.

o Font—Select a type face from a list of PTC-supplied fonts and TrueType

fonts.

o Aspect ratio—Use the slide bar to increase or decrease the aspect ratio of

your text.

o Slant angle—Use the slide bar to increase or decrease the slant angle of

your text.

o Place along curve—Click this box to place your text along a curve and

select the curve on which you want to place the text. Pro/ENGINEER

prompts you to select the direction in which you want the text to flow. Click

Flip to change the direction.

5. Click OK to create the text. If you have selected Enter text manually, then the

text is created on the sketching plane and if you have selected Use parameter,

then the value of the parameter is displayed in the current sketcher window.

Note: If you select a parameter that does not have a value, then the graphics

area displays *** (three asterisks) as the value of the parameter.


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Creating Geometry from Model Edges

About the Use Edge Option

The Use Edge option in the Sketch menu creates Sketcher geometry by projecting

selected model edges onto the sketching plane. The system aligns endpoints of the

entity to the endpoints of the edge. The entity created with Use Edge has the "~"

constraint symbol.

After you create geometry with the Use Edge option, you can use Trim, Divide,

and Fillet on it.

In Sketcher mode, the Use Edge option allows you to pick an existing part axis to

create a centerline that is automatically aligned to the axis. The Use Edge option is

especially useful for duplicating splines in non-parallel planes.

Note the following restrictions:

• A circle is broken into two arcs. You must select each segment separately.

• You cannot select a composite datum curve for Use Edge. Instead, use Query

Sel to select the underlying segments.

• A spline silhouette edge is not selectable for the Use Edge operation.

For the Use Edge option, you can orient the model any way that is convenient.

To Create Geometry with the Use Edge Option

1. Click Sketch > Edge > Use. Pro/ENGINEER opens the Edge Type dialog box.

Note: You can also access the Use Edge command by clicking the Use Edge


2. Select an edge type by clicking the radio button next to the option. Choose:

o Single—to create sketched entities offset from a single edge.

o Chain—To create sketched entities from a chain of edges or entities. If you

select curves, they must both belong to the same datum curve. If you

select edges, they must belong to the same surface or face. You can pick

two edges on a part’s geometry or two one-sided edges of a quilt.

Additionally, if you pick two entities that belong to an IGES wireframe or a

datum curve in a uniquely defined plane, the Sketcher tries to choose a

chain that connects the entities and lies in that plane.

o Loop—to create sketched entities from a loop of edges or entities.

3. Click the Close button in the Edge Type dialog box. Pro/ENGINEER closes the

dialog box and applies the changes.

Sketcher

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Example: Creating Geometry with the Use Edge Option

1. The completed section

2. The completed feature

To Create Reference Entities by Intersection

You can create reference entities from the intersection of a surface with the

sketching plane. For example, when the sketching plane intersects a cylinder

lengthwise, you can use the curves created from this intersection as model

references.

1. Click Sketch > References. The References dialog box opens.

2. Click X sec.

3. Click a part surface that intersects the sketching plane.

4. The system creates a reference entity and shows entities as orange phantom

lines.

To Create a Single Trimmed Edge (OFF)

To use a portion of the edge to create an offset entity, you must create a trimmed

offset edge from a single edge.


2. Click SKETCHER > Point and place points on the edge at the locations to which

you will trim before you create entities offset from the edge.

3. Click Geom Tools on the SKETCHER menu. The GEOM TOOLS menu appears.

4. Click Offset Edge. The OFFSET SEL menu appears.


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5. Select Sel Edge, Sel Loop, or Sel Chain. The OFFSET TYPE menu appears.

6. From the OFFSET TYPE menu select Trimmed. This option requires that you

have first placed points on the edge at the locations to which you will trim the

edge.

7. Click Done/Return.

8. Pro/ENGINEER prompts you to select a point to trim the edge. Click one of the

points.

9. Enter the offset value in the indicated direction.

10. Select the second point. If you select Tapered, enter the offset value for the

second endpoint.

Tip: Determining the End of a Trimmed Spline

Sketcher can determine the end of a trimmed Use Edge spline by using the end

tangency angle as a dimension. Sketcher looks for lines and centerlines that are

tangent to the trimmed ends of the spline created by the Use Edge option. If the

angle of the line can be determined without determining where the point is, Sketcher

determines the point location by finding where the tangent to the spline has the

specified angle.

Creating Geometry with the Offset Edge Option

About the Offset Edge Option

The Offset Edge option in the Sketch menu creates Sketcher geometry by

offsetting.

You can create offset entities from edges that are lines, arcs, or splines. When you

create an offset entity, each point of the original lines, arcs, or splines is first

projected onto the sketching plane. Each point is then offset normal to the projected

entities by the specified distance. For example, creating an offset arc results in a

concentric arc of a different diameter, rather than in a translated copy of the same

arc.

Offset entities can be created from a single entire edge (untrimmed), a portion of a

single edge (trimmed), a chain of edges or entities, or a loop of edges or entities.

Consider the following information about the Offset Edge command:

• A circle is broken into two arcs. You must select each segment separately.

• You cannot offset edges that have tangency that meets in a sharpened point.

• When you select tangent edges to offset, select them all at the same time using

the Chain option. Otherwise, the section will fail regeneration because the

individual offsets of the tangent entities will not be connected.

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• When you delete an offset edge, Pro/ENGINEER retains the corresponding

reference entities. If you do not use these references in the section, the system

deletes them when you exit Sketcher.

To Create Geometry with the Offset Edge Option

To use the whole edge to create an offset entity, you must create an untrimmed

offset edge from a single edge.

1. Click Sketch > Edge > Offset. Pro/ENGINEER opens the Edge Type dialog box.

Note: You can also access the Offset Edge command by clicking the Offset

Edge button in the Sketcher toolbar.

2. Select an edge type by clicking the radio button next to the option. Choose:

o Single—to create sketched entities offset from a single edge.

o Chain—To create sketched entities offset from a chain of edges or entities.

If you select curves, they must both belong to the same datum curve. If

you select edges, they must belong to the same surface or face. You can

pick two edges on a part’s geometry or two one-sided edges of a quilt.

Additionally, if you pick two entities that belong to an IGES wireframe or a

datum curve in a uniquely defined plane, the Sketcher tries to choose a

chain that connects the entities and lies in that plane.

o Loop—to create sketched entities offset from a loop of edges or entities.

3. Click the Close button in the Edge Type dialog box. Pro/ENGINEER closes the

dialog box and applies the changes.

Using Offset Edge, Select Chain Options

When you offset a chain of entities by a large distance, the system creates offset

geometry according to the following guidelines:

• If the offset is inward along an arc and the offset value exceeds the radius of the

arc, the system removes the arc from the offset chain. Similarly, the system

might remove other entities because of excessive offset value. If you lower the

offset value later, the entities reappear.

• If the offset value is more than the local minimum radius of curvature for entities

that compose the offset chain, the system creates an offset chain that might

have a different number of entities. For example, offsetting a spline by a large

value causes the resulting spline to be broken into several pieces. If the offset

value is changed, the system can "piece" together the broken spline so it

becomes a single entity again.


42

Manipulating Sketcher Geometry

About Dividing and Trimming Entities

You can divide and trim entities by using Trim in the Edit menu or by holding down

the CONTROL key and dragging the endpoint of the entity to the desired location.

To Trim and Extend Entities

1. Bring the pointer over the entity that you want to trim. The entity is highlighted.

2. Holding down the CONTROL key, drag the endpoint of the entity that you want to

trim. The entity is trimmed or extended in the direction in which you drag it. At

every intersection, the constraint that it created is displayed.

To Trim Entities to Each Other

1. Click Edit > Trim > Corner. Pro/ENGINEER prompts you select two entities to

trim.

Note: You can also access the Trim command by clicking Trim on the Sketcher

toolbar.

2. Click any two entities (they do not have to intersect) on the portion of the entity

that you want to keep. Pro/ENGINEER trims the two entities together.

To Trim Entities by an Incremental Length (OFF)



3. Click Trim. The DRAFT TRIM menu appears.

4. Click Increm and type the incremental length by which you want to modify the

entity. A positive value lengthens the entity, while a negative value shortens it.

5. Select the entity that you want to trim. The entity is trimmed according to the

incremental length that you have specified.

To Trim Entities to a Bounding Entity (OFF)


2. Click Geom Tools from the SKETCHER menu. The GEOM TOOLS menu

appears.


4. Click Bound and select a bounding entity.

Note: Consider the following when using Bound:

Sketcher

43

• You can use a centerline, datum plane, datum axis, or tangent edges as bounding

entities.

• You cannot use a feature axis or cosmetic feature entities as bounding entities.

5. Select the entity that you want to trim. Pro/ENGINEER shortens or extends this

entity up to the point where it intersects the bounding entity or its extension. If

the trimmed entity is to be shortened, select the part of the entity that you want

to keep.

To extend two entities so that they intersect, first select one of them as the

bounding entity and trim the other; then reverse the process.

To Trim Entities to a Specific Length (OFF)




4. Click Length and type the required length for the entity that you want to modify.

5. Select the entity that you want to trim. The entity is trimmed according to the

length that you have specified.

To Intersect Entities (OFF)

The Intersect option determines the intersection point of two entities that cross,

and divides both of them at the point of intersection.

Note: Centerlines, edges, axes, and planes can be used for intersections; however,

they cannot be split.



3. Click Intersect.

4. Click on the first entity near the intersection point.

5. Click on the second entity near the intersection point.

6. Pro/ENGINEER splits the entities at their point of intersection.

To Use the Delete Segment Command

1. Click Edit > Trim >Delete Segment.

Note: You can also access this command by clicking the Delete Segment button

in the Sketcher toolbar.

2. Click on the segment that you want to delete. The segment is deleted.


44

To Divide Entities

You can divide a section entity into two or more new entities. If the entity is

dimensioned, delete the dimension before using the Divide command.

1. Click Edit > Trim > Divide.

Note: You can also access the Divide command by clicking the Divide button in

the Sketcher toolbar.

2. Click the entity at the locations where you want to divide. The divide points

appear as yellow points on the entity. Pro/ENGINEER divides the entity at the

specified locations.

Note: To create a divide at an intersection, click near the intersection and

Pro/ENGINEER automatically snaps to the intersection and creates the divide.

Mirroring Geometry

Use the Mirror command from the Edit menu to mirror Sketcher geometry about a

sketched centerline. For example, you can create half of the section and then mirror

it.

Pro/ENGINEER uses the dimensions of one side to solve the other. This reduces the

number of dimensions necessary to solve the section. When you mirror geometry,

Sketcher mirrors constraints too.

Note: You can mirror only geometric entities. You cannot mirror dimensions, text

entities, centerlines, and reference entities.

To Mirror Geometry

1. Make sure the sketch contains a centerline.

2. Select an entity or multiple entities to mirror.

3. Click Edit > Mirror.

Note: You can also access the Mirror command by clicking the Mirror button in

the Sketcher toolbar.

4. Click a centerline. The system mirrors all selected geometry about the selected

centerline.

Sketcher Selection Filter

About the Sketcher Selection Filter

Selection filters enable you to filter the type of entities that you want to select. The

sketcher selection filter, located on the status bar of the Sketcher window, enables

you to select only the geometry, dimensions, or constraints of the sketch. When you

select a filter, objects of only that filter type are selected or highlighted. You can

select all objects of that filter type at the same time by enclosing your sketch in a

selection box or select entities of that filter type by clicking on them one by one.

Sketcher

45

For example, if you select Geometry, only those sketcher geometric entities (lines,

arcs, circles, etc) that exist in the current sketching environment are selected or

highlighted and the other entities are not available for selection. By default, the

sketcher selection filter is set to All.

To Use the Sketcher Selection Filter

1. Create a new sketch or open an existing one.

2. To select specific object types, select the required filter from the selection filter

on the status bar. By default, the selection filter is set to All.

• All—All the sketcher objects including dimensions, references, constraints and

geometric entities are selected.

• Geometry—Only those sketcher geometric entities that exist in the current

sketching environment are selected.

• Dimension—Weak or strong dimensions or reference dimensions are selected.

• Constraint—Constraints existing in the current sketching environment are

selected.

3. For multiple selection, draw a selection box to specify the area on the sketch that

is to be filtered for specific object types or click on the objects to select them

individually. Only those entities that are available for selection are highlighted

when you pass the mouse pointer over them. Objects of the selected filter type

are highlighted in red.

Note: The options available under the selection filter change with the operation that

you perform on the sketch. For example, if you modify your sketch by clicking Edit >

Modify, the selection filter has only three options: All, Geometry and Dimension.

Constraint is not available as you cannot modify the constraints that have been set

on the sketch.

Example: Using the Sketcher Selection Filter

The following figure has been used to show the results of using the different types of

filters. The figure illustrates a sketch before using a selection filter.


46

The following figure illustrates how you draw a selection box to enclose an area of

the sketch.

The following figure illustrates the results of using the All filter. The objects that are

selected are highlighted in red.

Sketcher

47

The following figure illustrates the results of using the Geometry filter. The objects

that are selected are highlighted in red.

The following figure illustrates the results of using the Dimension filter. The objects



48

The following figure illustrates the results of using the Constraint filter. The objects


Sketcher

49

Working with Sections

About Importing Files into Sketcher

You can use Sketch > Data from File to retrieve a section from disk or from

memory and place it on the current sketch as an independent copy of the original

section. The target section can be empty or can contain existing entities (and

dimensions). Placing a section does not alter other sketched geometry.

In a parallel blend, the retrieved section is added to the current subsection.

This method copies the entities and relations (if any) of the original section without

reference to the original context in which they were created. Thus, the accuracy, grid

parameters, and units of measure are those of the current model.

The placed section behaves as a regular sketched section. After you place the

section, it is no longer associated with the source section.

You can easily replace the retrieved section with another one. For parallel blends,

you can place the retrieved section into different subsections with variations in

rotation angle and size.

To Retrieve an Existing Section or Drawing

1. Click Sketch > Data from File. The Open dialog box opens.

2. Select the file type to append in the Type box. You can append drawing, IGES,

sketch and DXF files.

3. Select the file to append and click OK. The system retrieves the section and

displays it in the Sketcher window. Pro/ENGINEER opens the Scale Rotate dialog

box. Additionally, the Scale, Rotate and Move handles appear on your selection.

4. In the Scale Rotate dialog box, enter a scale value and a rotation value. You can

also:

o Drag the Scale handle to modify the scale of the section.

o Drag the Rotate handle to rotate the section.

o Drag the Move handle to move the section or center the selection.

5. Click in the Scale Rotate dialog box. Pro/ENGINEER closes the dialog box

and appends the new geometry.

To Import Files into Sketcher

You can copy an imported drawing into either an empty section in Sketcher mode or

an empty section for the first feature in the model.

1. Click Sketch> Data from file.


50

2. Select a drawing file that you want to copy into a sketch by choosing its name

from the Open dialog box. The system displays the drawing in a subwindow and

the Scale Rotate dialog box appears.

3. Use the Scale Rotate dialog box to scale or rotate the drawing you have

imported.

To Dimension a Section

Sections sketched on a part must be dimensioned for size and relative placement on

the part. For dimensioning, the sketching plane does not have to be parallel to the

screen—the part can be in any orientation. In fact, sometimes dimensioning the

section with the model in a 3-D view helps avoid invalid dimensioning.

When sketching on a part, you can create two dimension types by Sketch

>Dimension.

• Normal—Create a dimension that references sketched entities only, or between

a sketched entity and part geometry. These dimensions are used to solve the

section and eventually become regular part dimensions.

• Baseline—Establish a baseline for ordinate dimensioning.

• Reference—Appear on a sketch for information only. Therefore, they are read-

only and cannot be used to modify the model; however, they are automatically

updated during regeneration if changes are made to the model.

Tip: Dimensioning a Section to Part Edges

When dimensioning to a part edge, you must consider what type of entity the part

edge is. Splines and arcs may appear in the sketching plane as straight lines to

which you can dimension. But, if the plane that was used as the sketching plane is

modified (for example, if the angle of a datum plane changed), the spline or arc no

longer appears as a straight line. Thus, the dimensioning scheme becomes invalid,

Pro/ENGINEER will not be able to place the feature, and the feature creation or

regeneration will fail.

One way to avoid this situation is to not dimension to splines or arcs that project

onto the sketching plane as straight lines. However, if the situation does occur,

modify the dimensioning scheme to dimension section geometry to linear geometry.

You can orient the part in an iso-type view to help you select proper geometry on the

part.

To Exit Sketcher with an Incomplete Section

You can exit Sketcher with unfinished sections by selecting Done from the Sketch

menu. This creates an incomplete section, which you can finish later. A feature that

has an incomplete section becomes an incomplete feature.

1. When you want to exit Sketcher with an unfinished section, click Done from the

Sketch menu.

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51

2. Pro/ENGINEER informs you that the section is unresolved and asks you for

confirmation to exit.

Dimensioning Sketcher Geometry

Dimensioning Basics

Sketcher makes sure that the section is adequately constrained and dimensioned at

any stage of the section creation. As you sketch a section, the system automatically

dimensions the geometry. These dimensions are called "weak" dimensions, because

the system creates and removes them without warning. Weak dimensions appear in

gray.

You can also add your own dimensions to create the desired dimensioning scheme.

User dimensions are considered "strong" dimensions by the system. As you add

strong dimensions, the system automatically removes unnecessary weak dimensions

and constraints. It is good practice to strengthen weak dimensions that you intend to

keep in a section before you exit Sketcher. This ensures that the system does not

delete these dimensions without your input.

If adding a dimension leads to a conflict or redundancy in the dimensioning scheme

and constraints, Sketcher issues a warning and lets you resolve the conflict.

Deleting Weak Dimensions

Weak dimensions cannot be deleted. They are automatically removed when you

create strong dimensions that make the weak dimensions unnecessary.

To Create Dimensions (basic)

Use the Dimension command in the Sketch menu to add "strong" dimensions or to

replace existing dimensions.

1. Select the entity that you want to dimension.

2. Place the dimension at the desired position using the middle mouse button.

The Dimension command works in "continue" mode: you continue creating

dimensions of one type until you select another option.

Note: You can also access the Dimension command by clicking the Dimension


To Use Known Dimensions (OFF)

Known dimensions allow you to establish meaningful parametric dependencies when

creating a section of a feature.


2. Sketch and dimension as usual.


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3. Create Known dimensions on part geometry that will be used to drive the

feature section.

4. From the Sketch menu, select Relation.

5. Add relations connecting Normal section dimensions with the Known ones.

6. When the system updates the section, values of normal dimensions change

according to the relations.

Dimensions driven by Sketcher relations cannot be modified directly. To access

Sketcher relations, choose Redefine and Section. You can also do it in Part mode

by choosing Relations, Feat Rel, selecting the feature, and choosing Section.

To Strengthen Weak Dimensions

You can selectively turn weak dimensions into strong dimensions by using the

Strong command in the Convert To menu.

1. Click a dimension to strengthen.

2. Click Edit > Convert to > Strong. The dimension changes from gray to yellow.

Notes:

• Throughout Pro/ENGINEER, whenever you modify a value of a weak dimension or

use it in a relation, that dimension becomes strong.

• When you strengthen a dimension, the system rounds its value.

To Control the Display of Dimensions

You can turn the display of dimensions on or off in any of the following ways:

• Click Sketch > Options. The Sketcher Preferences dialog box appears. Add or

remove a check mark in front of the Dimensions and Weak Dimensions

options to turn display on or off.

• To disable the default dimensions display, set the configuration option

"sketcher_disp_dimensions" to "no."

• Click the Dimension icon in the toolbar.

Replacing a Dimension

You can replace an existing Sketcher dimension with an equivalent one so that the

new dimension retains the symbolic dimension (sd#) of the original. Replacing a

dimension is useful when you want to preserve additional data associated with the

original dimension (for example, geometric tolerance symbol or extra text added in

Drawing mode).

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53

To Replace a Dimension

1. Click Edit > Replace.

2. Click a dimension to replace. The selected dimension is deleted.

3. Create a new equivalent dimension.

To Add Relations to a Section

You can add relations to sections while you are in Sketcher mode. Relations in

Sketcher mode follow the same rules as in Part mode, except the parameters must

belong to a model and cannot be created in Sketcher mode. The relations apply to

the section, but you can modify and use them in part or assembly relations.

You can also enter a section relation when you modify the driven dimension. Enter

the relation (for example, sd4=sd2+sd3/2) when you are modifying dimension

values. Pro/ENGINEER displays the new relation and prompts you to accept it.

When you add the relation, use dimension symbols as follows: sd# for normal

Sketcher dimensions, rsd# for reference Sketcher dimensions, and kd# for known

dimensions.

Note: Only Sketcher, reference, and known dimensions are allowed in relations

created within Sketcher mode.

To Modify Dimension Values

Use the Modify Dimensions dialog box to change dimension values of entities.

1. Click the Select button in the Sketcher toolbar.

2. Select the dimensions or entities that you wish to modify.

3. Click Edit > Modify. The Modify Dimensions dialog box opens. Each of the

entities and the dimension values you selected appear in the Dimensions list.

Note: You can also access the Modify Dimensions dialog box by clicking the

Modify button in the Sketcher toolbar.

4. In the Dimensions list, click the value of the dimension you want and enter a

new value

Note: You can also click and drag the rotation wheel next to the dimension you

want to modify. To increase the dimension value, drag the rotation wheel to the

right. To decrease the dimension value, drag the rotation wheel to the left. As

you drag the wheel, Pro/ENGINEER dynamically updates your geometry.

5. Repeat Step 4 to modify other dimensions in the list.

6. Click . Pro/ENGINEER regenerates the section and closes the dialog box.

Note: You can modify a single dimension value by double-clicking on the dimension

in the Sketcher window.


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Entering Negative Dimensions

For linear dimensions, you can enter a negative dimension value. This causes the

geometry to reverse direction. In Sketcher, the negative sign always appears next to

the dimension. In Part mode, dimension values always appear as positive.

To Modify the Number of Decimal Places in Dimensions

You can use the Sketcher Preferences dialog box to specify the default number of

decimal places in dimensions.

1. Click Sketch > Options. The Sketcher Preferences dialog box opens.

2. Click the Parameters tab. The Parameters tabbed page appears.

3. Enter a new value in the Num Digits box or use the up and down arrows in the

Num Digits box to increase or decrease the number of decimal places.

4. Click . Pro/ENGINEER applies the changes and closes the dialog box.

Note: When you add dimensions, Pro/ENGINEER rounds values to the specified

number of decimal places.

To Lock or Unlock Section Dimensions

1. Select the dimension that you want to lock.

2. Click Edit > Toggle Lock. Pro/ENGINEER locks the selected dimension. You can

also lock or unlock the selected dimension by using Lock on the shortcut menu.

To unlock the selected dimension click Edit > Toggle Lock.

To Use the Drag Dim Val Option (OFF)


2. Click Modify on the SKETCHER menu. The MOD SKETCH menu appears.

3. Click Drag Dim Val and select up to five dimensions

4. Click Done Sel.

5. The system displays a thermotool with the Modify Dims sliders and the Scale

slider. Use the appropriate Move Dims sliders to vary corresponding dimensions.

Use the Scale slider to vary all the selected dimensions at once. When you use

the Scale slider, the system multiplies all dimensions in other sliders by the

scale, except for dimensions that do not control length directly, for example,

angular dimensions and conic rho dimensions.

6. By moving the mouse, slide the red arrows to point to new values. Sketcher

automatically changes the sketch to reflect your changes. The system displays

only the dimensions that you are changing. If you are satisfied with the change,

click the left mouse button in the top bar of the thermotool. To reset the tool,

click the right mouse button. Use the middle mouse button to abort the process.

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Note:You can change the Sensitivity value, which in effect changes the range of

the slider control.

Creating Major Dimension Types

To Create Linear Dimensions

You can use the dimension command to create linear dimensions.

1. Click Sketch > Dimension > Normal.

Note: You can also use this command by clicking the Dimension button on the


select Dimension from the shortcut menu.

2. To dimension the:

o Length of a line—Click the line, and then click the middle mouse button to

place the dimension.

o Distance between two parallel lines—Click the two lines, and then click the

middle mouse button to place the dimension.

o Distance between a point and a line—Click the line, click the point, and then

click the middle mouse button to place the dimension.

o Distance between two points—Click the points, and then click the middle

mouse button to place the dimension.

Notes:

o You cannot dimension the length of a centerline because it is infinite.

o When you are creating a dimension between two arc or circle extents

(tangency points), only horizontal and vertical dimensions are allowed.

Pro/ENGINEER creates the dimension to the tangency point closest to the

pick point.

To Create Diameter Dimensions

To Create a Diameter Dimension for an Arc or a Circle





2. Double-click on the arc or circle.

3. Click the middle mouse button to place the dimension.


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To Create a Diameter Dimension for a Revolved Section





2. Click the entity to be dimensioned.

3. Click the centerline that will be the axis of revolution.

4. Click the entity again.


Note: The diameter dimension for a revolved feature extends beyond the

centerline, indicating that it is a diameter dimension, not a radius dimension.

Example: Creating Diameter Dimensions

The following figure shows how to create a diameter dimension for a revolved feature

section.

1. Section

2. Click 1

3. Click 2 - on centerline

4. Click 3

5. Click 4 - places dimension

6. Resulting dimension

To Create Radial Dimensions

Radial dimensions measure the radii of circles or arcs and circles and arcs created by

revolving a section about an axis.

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To Create a Radial Dimension for an Arc or Circle





2. Click on the circle or arc.


To Create a Radial Dimension for a Revolved Section





2. Click the entity.

3. Click the centerline axis.


To Create Angular Dimensions

Angular dimensions measure the angle between two lines or the angle of an arc

between its endpoints.





2. Click the first line.

3. Click the second line.


Note: Where you place the dimension determines how the angle is measured (either

acute or obtuse).

To Create an Angle Dimension for an Arc





2. Click one endpoint of the arc.

3. Click the other endpoint of the arc.


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4. Click the arc.


Example: Creating Angular Arc Dimensions

1. Click 1 - on endpoint

2. Click 2 - on endpoint

3. Click 3 - on arc

4. Click 4 - places dimension

5. Resulting dimension

To Create an Angle Dimension between Lines





2. Click the first line.

3. Click the second line.


Note: Where you place the dimension determines how the angle is measured (either

acute or obtuse).

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Example: Creating an Angle Dimension Between Lines

1. Click edges, then place a dimension

Dimensioning a Spline

About Dimensioning a Spline

You can add dimensions to a spline by using its endpoints or interpolation points. To

dimension a spline, you must dimension its endpoints. You need not add spline

dimensions if the spline is attached to other geometry and the endpoints are

dimensioned.

You can dimension spline endpoints using linear dimensions, tangency (angular)

dimensions, and radius-of-curvature dimensions.

To Create Spline Linear Dimensions





2. Click the spline endpoint.

3. Click the geometry to which you want to dimension.


To Create Spline Tangency Dimensions

You can create tangency dimensions for endpoints and intermediate control points of

the spline. Note that the spline must have tangency defined before you can use a

tangency dimension at the ends. You can modify the spline to add tangency and then

create angle dimensions.



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2. Click the spline.

3. Click the geometry to which the spline tangency is defined.

4. Click the endpoint where the tangency is defined or any spline interpolation point.


Note: When you create a tangency dimension on the spline, Sketcher removes the

tangency assumption.

To Create a Radius-of-Curvature Dimension

The spline must have tangency defined before you can use a radius-of-curvature

dimension.





2. Click the spline endpoint.

3. Place the dimension with the middle mouse button.

Note: If no tangency exists and the endpoint is dimensioned with a radius-of-

curvature dimension, you must modify the spline to add tangency, or Pro/ENGINEER

will report the dimension as extra.

To Dimension Spline Interpolation Points





2. Click the spline. The system displays the interpolation points.

3. Click the interpolation point to dimension.

4. Click the geometry to which you want to dimension.


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Dimensioning a Conic

About Conic Dimensions

There are two dimensioning schemes to dimension a conic. One uses a rho value to

define the shape of the conic. The other requires you to add a distinct Sketcher point

to anchor the conic at the selected location. The resulting conic is defined by the two

endpoints and the distinct third point.

To Dimension a Conic by Its Endpoints (OFF)


2. Dimension the endpoints to locate the conic spline.

3. Create angular dimensions to define the endpoint tangency.

Tips: Creating a Conic Tangency Dimension

For two conics that are tangent to each other at a common point, you need to create

only one tangency dimension.

For some end tangency angles, a conic cannot be created. For example, it is not

possible to make a single conic that represents one half or more of an ellipse. If a

conic fails, modify the tangency angles. If no tangency angles are present, add them,

because the problematic tangents must then be determined by adjacent entities.

To Create a Conic Tangency Dimension





2. Click a conic.

3. Click the endpoint where the tangency is to be defined.

4. Click the geometry to which the spline tangency is defined (such as a centerline

or straight edge).


Example: Conic rho Dimension

The rho dimension of a conic segment PQ defines the shape of the conic. The rho

dimension specifies a ratio along a vector from the chord (PQ) through a point C to

the vertex (R). Point C is at the maximum distance (CD), measured by a normal

from the chord PQ to the conic segment PQ.


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1. rho = a/(a+b)

To Dimension a Conic Using rho





2. Click the conic with the left button.

3. Click the middle mouse button to place the dimension. The default rho value is

0.5.

4. You can modify rho to be one of the following values:

o For an ellipse: 0.05 < parameter < 0.5

o When you are creating a closed ellipse section from four conic segments,

the only value for rho that gives a true ellipse is (sqrt (2)–1). Enter this

value exactly as shown (not as the approximation .4142).

o For a parabola: parameter = 0.5

o For a hyperbola: 0.5 < parameter < 0.95

The Three Point Dimension

For conics that are defined by three distinct points, the system determines the

shoulder point from the user-defined point through which it passes. If this is a model

point (vertex or datum), you need not add another dimension—you can align the

conic to this model point. However, if it is a Sketcher point or vertex, you must

dimension the point to regenerate the sketch.

To Dimension a Conic Defined by Three Points

1. Perform the two rho dimensioning steps to define the conic endpoint and

tangency dimensions.

2. Create a Sketcher point on the conic where the conic is to remain anchored.

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Note: If you place the conic close enough to the Sketcher point on a curve (such as

during creation of a swept feature), the conic passes through that point, behaving

the same as a conic for which you define a third point.

Creating Other Dimension Types

About a Perimeter Dimension

A perimeter dimension is used to dimension the total length of a chain or loop of

entities. You must select a dimension that the system can adjust to obtain the

desired perimeter. This dimension is called the varying dimension. When you modify

the perimeter dimension, the system modifies the varying dimension accordingly.

Note:

• You cannot modify varying dimensions, because they are driven dimensions.

• If you delete the varying dimension, the system deletes the perimeter dimension.

Example: Perimeter Dimension

To Create a Perimeter Dimension

1. Select an entity.

2. Click Edit > Convert to> Perimeter. The system prompts you to select a

dimension to be driven by the perimeter dimension.

3. Click a dimension on the selected entity. The dimension you select becomes the

varying dimension and is governed by the perimeter dimension. It cannot be

modified directly.

The system displays the perimeter dimension along with the varying dimension.


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Note: Perimeter dimensions are not supported for parallel blends and variable

section sweeps.

To Create a Perimeter Dimension (OFF)


2. Click Sketch > Dimension. The DIMENSION menu appears.

3. Select Perimeter and click one end of the chain or loop for which you need to

create the perimeter dimension.

4. Click the endpoint of the same chain or loop or click OK in the Select dialog box

to select the entire chain.

5. Select a dimension on the loop to be driven by the perimeter dimension. The

dimension you select becomes the varying dimension and is governed by the

perimeter dimension. It cannot be modified directly.

6. Click Regenerate. The perimeter dimension is created.

To Create Reference Dimensions

Use the Reference option in the Edit > Convert to menu to create reference

dimensions in Sketcher. The symbolic name for the reference dimensions is rsd# REF. You can include reference dimensions in Sketcher as sd# or rsd#.

Note: Reference dimension names rsd# and sd# cannot be used as parameter

names.

To Create Reference Dimensions (OFF)


2. Click Sketch > Dimension. The DIMENSION menu appears.

3. Click Reference and create the dimension that you want as a reference

dimension. The dimension that is created, is a reference dimension. The symbolic

name for the reference dimensions is rsd# REF.

Creating Ordinate Dimensions

You can create linear dimensions in ordinate format. Creating ordinate dimensions

involves two basic steps: designating the baseline and dimensioning geometry to the

baseline.

You can create the baseline dimension on lines, arc and circle centers, and geometry

endpoints (lines, arcs, conics, and splines), or you can select model geometry to

dimension as a baseline.

Note that if the baseline resides in the model, the ordinate dimension to that

baseline also resides in the model.

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65

To Create Ordinate Dimensions

1. Establish the baseline by clicking Sketch > Dimension > Baseline.

2. Select the geometry to dimension as a baseline. Locate the dimension text by

pressing the middle mouse button. For lines, the baseline is oriented the same

way. For arc and circle centers, and for geometry endpoints, choose one of the

following options from the DIM ORIENTATION menu:

o Vert—Orient the baseline vertically.

o Horiz—Orient the baseline horizontally.

3. To create ordinate dimensions to the specified baseline, click Sketch >

Dimension > Normal.

4. To add a dimension, select the baseline dimension and then select the entity to

dimension using the left mouse button. Place the ordinate dimension by pressing

the middle mouse button.

5. To add other ordinate dimensions, repeat Step 4.

Example: Creating Ordinate Dimensions

The following figure illustrates how to create an ordinate baseline.

The following figure illustrates how to create an ordinate dimension.


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To Dimension an Elliptic Fillet or Ellipse

The horizontal and vertical endpoints of the ellipse and its center point can be

dimensioned as regular Sketcher points. You can also dimension the x- and y-radii of

the elliptical fillet.





2. Click the fillet or ellipse (do not pick endpoints).


4. Select one of the following from the ELLIPSE RAD dialog box:

o X Radius—Dimension the horizontal half-axis.

o Y Radius—Dimension the vertical half-axis.

Moving or Replacing Entities

To Move Entities

Select the entity that you want to move and drag it to its new location.

Note: To define new constraints and retain the existing ones while moving an entity,

hold down the SHIFT key and drag the entity to its new location.

To Scale and Rotate a Section

Use the Scale and Rotate command in the Edit menu to shrink or expand the

entire section.

1. Click Edit > Select > All. Pro/ENGINEER selects the entire section.

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67

Note: You can use the Select command in the Sketcher toolbar to select

individual entities. Additionally you keep the CONTROL key pressed to select

multiple entities.

2. Click Edit > Scale and Rotate. Pro/ENGINEER opens the Scale Rotate dialog

box. Additionally, the Scale, Rotate and Translate handles appear on your

selection.

3. In the Scale Rotate dialog box, enter a scale value and a rotation value. Or you

can:

o Drag the Scale handle to modify the scale of the section.

o Drag the Rotate handle to rotate the section.

o Drag the Translate handle to move the section to move or center the

selection.

Note: To move a handle, click on the handle and drag it to a new location.

4. Click in the Scale Rotate dialog box. Pro/ENGINEER applies the changes

and closes the dialog box.

Notes:

o You can scale a feature section only if there is no existing geometry in the

model.

o You cannot pick angular dimensions for this command.

To Replace an Entity

You can replace an entity and redefine a section after several features are created.

The children of the replaced entity are automatically rerouted to the new entity. In

the following figure, the thin protrusion uses the top edge of the block as a

reference. The thin protrusion was created using Sketch > Edge > Use. You can

replace the referenced edge with a newly sketched spline.

1. Sketch the desired entity (spline).

2. Click Edit > Replace.

3. Select the newly sketched spline and then the entity to be replaced.


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1 Select the new entity.

2 Select the entity to replace.

Note: Pro/ENGINEER may indicate that it cannot replace an aligned or dimensioned

entity and if the dimensions should be deleted. Click Yes.

4. Regenerate the sketch

To Move Dimensions (OFF)



3. Click Move Entity. The MOVE ENTITY menu appears.

4. Click Dimension and select the dimension that you want to move. The

dimension is highlighted. You can select multiple dimensions by holding down the

CONTROL key as you select.

5. Drag the dimension to a new location. Pro/ENGINEER regenerates the sketch.

To Drag a Single Entity (OFF)




4. Click Drag Item and select the entity that you want to move. The entity is

highlighted. If you select an entity that has an endpoint that is common to other

entities, all such entities move together when you drag them.

5. Drag the entity to its new location. Pro/ENGINEER regenerates the sketch.

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69

To Drag Multiple Entities (OFF)




4. Click Drag Many and select the entities that you want to move. You can select

multiple entities by holding down the CONTROL key and selecting the entities.

The selected entities are highlighted.

5. Click OK to confirm the selection.

6. Select the point from where you want to start dragging the selected entities and

drag them to the new location.

To Use the Drag Entity Option (OFF)


2. Click Modify on the SKETCHER menu. The MOD SKETCH menu appears.

3. Click Drag Entity on the MOD SKETCH menu.

4. Click on a dimension that you want to vary and then select an entity. When you

move the mouse, the Sketcher modifies the dimension to make the entity follow

the cursor. Note that only the selected dimension changes; all the other

dimensions remain fixed.

5. To accept the new value of the dimension, click the left mouse button. To abort

the changes and restore the original value , click the middle mouse button.

6. To continue the process, select another entity for dragging or pick a new

dimension.

To Use the Drag Vertex Option (OFF)

Use the Drag Vertex option to drag vertices.


2. Click SKETCHER >Modify. The MOD SKETCH menu appears.

3. Click Drag Vertex and select two dimensions to vary and then select a vertex.

The sketch adjusts so the vertex always stays on top of the cursor.

4. To accept the new value of the dimension, click the left mouse button. To abort

the changes and restore the original value, click the middle mouse button.

5. To continue the process, select another vertex for dragging or select new

dimensions.


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Constraining Geometry

About Using Sketcher Constraints

When you sketch geometry, the system uses certain assumptions to help you locate

geometry. When the cursor comes within the tolerance of some constraints, the

system snaps to that constraint and shows its graphical symbol next to that entity.

Before you pick the location with the left mouse button, you can:

• Disable a constraint by pressing the right mouse button. To enable it again, press

the right mouse button again.

• Lock in a constraint by holding the Shift key and pressing the right mouse button.

To unlock the constraint, repeat your actions.

• When more than one constraint is active, you can change the active constraint by

using the Tab key.

Constraints that appear in gray are called "weak" constraints. They can be removed

by the system without warning. You can add your own constraints with the

Constrain option in the Sketch menu.

Constraints for the Entities Created with Use Edge or Offset Edge

An entity or a chain of entities created with Use Edge or Offset Edge has the "~"

symbol on the entity. If the endpoints of the new entity are fixed, the Same Points

constraint symbol appears next to the endpoints.

Graphic Display of Constraints

The system shows constraints as follows:

• Current constraint—red

• Weak constraint —gray

• Strong constraint—yellow

• Locked constraint—enclosed in a circle

• Disabled constraint—with a line crossing the constraint symbol

The following table lists constraints with the corresponding graphical symbols.

Constraint Symbol

Midpoint M

Same points

Horizontal entities H

Vertical entities V

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Point on entity

Tangent entities T

Perpendicular entities

Parallel lines

Equal radii R with an index in subscript

Line segments with equal

lengths

L with an index in subscript (for example, L1)

Symmetry

Entities are lined up

horizontally or vertically

Collinear

Alignment Symbol for the appropriate alignment type.

Use Edge/Offset Edge

To Control the Display of Constraints

1. Click Sketch > Options. The Sketcher Preferences dialog box appears.

2. Under Display, clear the Constraints check box. The constraints are not

displayed on the sketch.

Note: You can also use the Constraint icon in the toolbar to toggle the display

of constraints on the sketch.

Supported Constraints

The Constraints toolbox lists the following constraints:

Button Constraint

Make a line or two vertices vertical.

Make a line or two vertices horizontal.

Make two entities perpendicular.

Make two entities tangent.


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Place a point on the middle of a line.

Make points coincident.

Make two points or vertices symmetric about a centerline.

Create equal lengths, equal radii, or equal curvature.

Make two lines parallel.

Note: Interior spline points become visible and available for selection when you

select a constraint option that allows point selection, for example, Alignment.

To Create Constraints

Use the Constrain command in the Sketch menu to open the Constraints toolbox.

The constraints you add are strong constraints.

1. Click Sketch > Constrain. The Constraints toolbox opens.

Note: You can also access the Constraints toolbox by clicking the Constraints


2. Select a constraint from the Constraints toolbox.

3. Select entities as prompted by the system.

4. Repeat Step 2 to create additional constraints.

5. Click Close. Pro/ENGINEER updates the section to the new conditions.

To Delete a Constraint

1. Select the constraint that you wish to delete.

2. Click Edit > Delete. Pro/ENGINEER deletes the selected constraint.

Note: You can also delete a selected constraint by pressing the DELETE key.

3. When you delete a constraint, the system automatically adds a dimension to

keep the section solved.

To Strengthen Constraints

You can turn weak constraints into strong constraints by selecting Strong from the

Edit > Convert To menu. Strengthen those system constraints that you do not want

the system to delete.

1. Click a constraint to strengthen.

2. Click Edit > Convert To > Strong. The constraint is strengthened.

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73

Note: When you strengthen a constraint from a group (for example, Equal Lengths),

the whole group will be strengthened.

To Obtain Information about a Constraint


2. Click Explain.

3. Click on a constraint symbol in the Sketcher window. An explanation of the

constraint appears in the message area.

To Make Circular or Elliptic Entities of Equal Radius

You can define the Equal Radii constraint between any two circles or elliptic entities.


Note: You can also click the Constraint button in the Sketcher toolbar to

display the Constraints toolbox.

2. Click the Equal Radii button in the Constraints toolbox.

3. Select an elliptic or circular entity. If you select an elliptic entity, click X Radius

or Y Radius from the ELLIPSE RAD dialog box.

4. Select another elliptic or circular entity. If you select an elliptic entity, click X

Radius or Y Radius from the ELLIPSE RAD dialog box. The entities are of equal

radii.

To Control the Display of Constraints (OFF)


2. Click Sec Tools on the SKETCHER menu. The SEC TOOLS menu appears.

3. Click Sec Environ and on the SEC ENVIRON menu, click the Disp Constr check

box to display the constraints.

Note: If you clear the Disp Constr check box, the constraints are not displayed.

Modifying a Section

To Delete Entities

1. Select the entities you want to delete.

Note: You can select multiple entities by holding down the CONTROL key while

selecting.

2. Click Edit > Delete. Pro/ENGINEER deletes the selected entities.

Note: You can also use the delete command by pressing DELETE.


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To Create Construction Entities

Use the Toggle Construction command in the Edit menu to create construction

entities. Construction entities are used for reference and are not used to create

feature geometry.

1. Select an entity.

2. Click Edit > Toggle Construction. Pro/ENGINEER converts the solid geometry

into construction geometry.

Note: To convert construction geometry into solid geometry follow Steps 1 and 2.

To Thicken a Wall Section In Sheetmetal Mode

1. Create the section sketch.

2. Click Sketch > Feature Tools > Thicken. Offset edges are automatically

created.

Note: At this point, you may consider converting system dimensions to strong

dimensions to insure that you have the correct dimensioning scheme.

3. Regenerate the sketch.

Modifying Sketcher Text

To Modify Sketcher Text

1. Click Edit > Modify.

2. Select the text that you want to modify. The Text dialog box opens.

3. Use the Text dialog box to modify text.

To Modify the Height and Orientation of Text

1. Click the start point or the end point of the construction line at the beginning of

the text flow.

2. Drag the start point or the end point to change the height and orientation of the

text.

Modifying a Spline

About Modifying a Spline

You can modify a spline by using the spline modification dashboard, right-mouse

click the spline for the shortcut menu, or moving interpolation points by holding

down the mouse button and moving them to desired locations. You can perform the

following modifications to splines:

• Move interpolation points.

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75

• Add points or vertices.

• Delete points or vertices.

• Manipulate a spline using control points.

• Create a control polygon.

• Delete a control polygon.

• Sparse a spline.

• Smooth a spline.

• Modify the coordinates of spline points.

• Read spline coordinates to a file.

• Get information about spline points.

• Interpret coordinate system as Cartesian.

• Interpret coordinate system as polar.

About the Spline Modification User Interface

To modify a spline:

• Double-click the spline.

• Select the spline and click Edit > Modify

• Select the spline, right-click in the sketcher window and click Modify.

Dashboard Slide-up Panel

The Spline modification tool displays the following dashboard slide-up panels:

• Point—Change the x and y coordinates for interpolation. Also, move points to an

absolute value or relative to the current value.

• Fit—Remove redundant data by the following methods:

o Sparse—remove within a deviation tolerance.

o Smooth—remove by averaging.

• File—From the File slide-up panel you can:

• Associate spline points with a coordinate system

• Read point coordinates from a file

• Save point coordinates

• Display coordinate information

• Change the coordinate system to Cartesian or Polar.


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Dashboard Dialog Bar

The dialog bar allows you to specify interpolation or control points when changing x

or y coordinates. In addition, you can perform the following functions:

• Click to create a control polygon.

• Click to modify spline using interpolation points.

• Click to modify spline using control points.

• Click to show a curvature analysis.

Shortcut Menu

In the Sketcher Window, you can select a point or curve and use the shortcut (right-

click) menu to access the following options:

• Add Point—Add a point.

• Delete Point—Delete a point (includes end points).

• Activate Query List—Open the Pick From List dialog box.

To Set the Curvature Display for a Spline

You can display the spline curvature and see how it dynamically updates as you

modify the spline.

1. Select the spline.


3. In the dialog bar, click .

4. Enter values or use the thumb wheels to adjust the Scale and Density.

5. Click OK to exit.

To Move Interpolation points

1. Click the interpolation point in the Sketcher window and drag it to a new location.

2. Repeat Step 1 to move other interpolation points.

To Add Points or Vertices

1. Select the spline you want to modify.


3. Right-click on a location on the spline. A shortcut menu appears.

4. Click Add Point.

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77

Note: You can extend a spline by clicking on an endpoint.

To Add an Endpoint



3. Press Ctrl + Alt and then click on a location in the Sketcher window. An end point

is added to the nearest endpoint.

To Delete Points or Vertices



3. Right-click the on point you want to delete. A shortcut menu appears.

4. Click Delete Point. The point is deleted.

To Use the Control Polygon Option



3. In the dialog bar, click . Pro/ENGINEER creates a control polygon around the

selected spline.

To Add a Point to a Control Polygon

1. Create a control polygon for the spline that you want to modify.

2. Right-click anywhere on the control polygon. A shortcut menu appears.

3. Click Add Point. A new point is added to the control polygon.

To Delete a Point From a Control Polygon

1. Create a control polygon for the spline that you want to modify.

2. Right-click on the point that you want to delete from the control polygon. A

shortcut menu appears.

3. Click Delete Point. The point is deleted from the control polygon.

To Move a Spline Along With the Control Polygon

Select any point on the spline, control polygon or an endpoint, and drag it to a new

location.

• If you select any point on the spline other than an endpoint, and drag, the spline

comes back to its original position.


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• If you select an endpoint on the spline and drag,the spline and all the control

polygon entities scale and rotate as a single unit.

• If you select a vertex on the control polygon and drag, only the two adjacent

control polygon lines move.

To rotate a spline along with its control polygon, use Scale and Rotate from the

Edit menu.

To Sparse a Spline



3. Click Fit > Sparse.

4. Type the sparsity deviation value and click Apply.

To Smooth a Spline



3. Click Fit > Smooth.

4. Enter the number of points to use in averaging.

5. Click Apply.

To Modify the Coordinates of Spline Points



3. Click Point. The Coordinate values reference panel appears.

4. Select a point on the spline.

5. Enter new coordinates in the x and y boxes.

To Save Spline Coordinates to a File

You can save spline points to a file with values in cartesian or polar coordinate

systems.


2. Click Edit > Modify. The spline modification dashboard appears.

3. Click File. A dialog box appears.

4. Associate the spline to a local coordinate system.

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79

5. Click . The Save A Copy dialog box opens.

6. Enter a file name.

7. Click OK. Pro/ENGINEER creates a spline point definition file with the coordinate

system type printed in the file. The spline point definition file is a standard text

file that you can edit using the operating system editor.

To Read in Spline Coordinates From a File

You can modify the coordinates of points on a spline by reading spline coordinates

from a file.



3. Click File. The dialog box appears.


5. Click . The Open dialog box appears.

6. Select a CAV Pts file and click Open. Pro/ENGINEER reads the data file and

modifies the spline coordinates of the selected spline to match.

Note: If the number of points in the file is not equal to the number of points in the

spline, Pro/ENGINEER asks if you want to continue. Respond "yes" to adjust the

number of spline points to correspond to the number of points in the file. Respond

"no" to abort the reading of the point file.

Tip: Reading in Spline Coordinates

If the spline does not appear as expected, you probably specified the wrong type of

coordinate system. Try reading in the file again and specifying a different type of

coordinate system.

If the spline endpoints are dimensioned, the system ignores the modifications to the

endpoint coordinates.

To Obtain Information about Spline Coordinates

1. Select the spline.


3. In the slide-up panel, click File.


5. Click . Pro/ENGINEER displays the current values for spline coordinates in the

Information Window.


80

To Manipulate a Spline by Its Coordinates (OFF)

When a spline has been associated to a local coordinate system, you can move the

spline points by entering values relative to the coordinate system. You can change

the type of coordinate system between Cartesian (X, Y, and Z), cylindrical (radius,

theta, and Z), and spherical (radius, theta, and phi) when you read or save points to

a file. However, when you enter new values from the keyboard, you can enter

Cartesian values only.



3. Click on the spline. The MOD SPLINE menu appears and the Pro/ENGINEER

displays the spline points. The following are available:

• Coords—Modify the x- and y- coordinates of the points by entering values.

• Read Pnts—Read in coordinates from a specified text file.

• Save Pnts—Write the current coordinates into a specified text file. You can then

edit and read this file using the option Read Pnts.

• Info Pnts—Display the coordinates of a spline in an Information window. You

must select the coordinate type you want used in the value display.

You can modify coordinates of endpoints and intermediate spline points as follows:

1. Modify the x,y, z coordinates and the tangency of the spline endpoints. Modifying

the endpoints alters the location of other spline points.

2. Modify the x, y, z coordinates of the intermediate spline points. You need to do

this only if the Pro/ENGINEER adjustments to the spline are not satisfactory, or if

the spline needs to be explicitly defined with specified input values.

To Specify New Values for Spline Coordinates (OFF)

You can modify the coordinates of points on a spline by entering their values from

the keyboard in two different ways.



3. Click Modify and then click on the spline. The MOD SPLINE menu appears and

the system displays the spline points.

4. Click Coords and select a point for which you want to enter new coordinates.

5. Type values for the x- and y- coordinates. You can enter a new value, or accept

the default one.

6. Click Done Modify to save the changes.

Note: For certain features, for example sweeps, you can also modify the z-

coordinates of a spline.

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81

To Modify the Number of Spline Points (OFF)



3. Click on the spline. The MOD SPLINE menu appears and the system displays the

spline points.

To modify the number of spline points, use the following options in the MOD SPLINE

menu:

• Add Pnts — Add spline points. Select one of following from the NEW POINTS

menu:

o Interior—Add points to the interior of the spline. Select any location on the

spline between any two existing points.

o Exterior—Extend the spline by adding points beyond its current endpoints.

Select the spline endpoint that you want to extend, then click on a new

location for adding points.

Note: If you try to add a new spline point very close to an existing point,

Sketcher may tell you that the new point is too close to the existing point. In this

case, add the new point further away, then move it to the desired location.

• Delete Pnts— Delete interior spline points.

• Sparse—Decrease the number of points on a spline.

• Smooth—Make the spline smoother.

To Move a Point on a Spline Based on a Local Coordinate System

1. Select the spline that contains the point that you want to move.



4. Under Local coordinate system, click

5. Select a local coordinate system in the Sketcher window. The spline is associated

with the coordinate system that you have selected.

6. Select a point on the spline that you want to move. The coordinates of the point,

based on the local coordinate system, appear in the relevant boxes on the

Coordinate values reference panel.

7. Type new coordinates for the point that you want to move. The point moves to

the new location with respect to the local coordinate system.

Note: You can move points on the spline to another location with respect to a local

coordinate system only if Local coordinate system is selected on the Coordinate

values reference panel.


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To Associate a Spline to a Coordinate System

1. Select the spline that you want to associate with a coordinate system.



4. Click .

5. Select a local coordinate system in the Sketcher window. The spline is associated

with the coordinate system that you have selected.

To Move a Range of Points on a Spline

1. Select the spline containing the point that you want to move.


3. Select a point on the spline and holding down the SHIFT key, select another point

on the spline. The two points define the limits for the range of points.

4. Within the defined range, select the point that you want to move and drag it to

the new location. The selected point moves to the new location. The part of the

spline that is enclosed within the range moves accordingly.

To Move a Spline Along With the Control Polygon (OFF)

1. To move a spline created with a control polygon, select Geom Tools from the

SKETCHER menu. The Geom Tools menu appears.

2. Click Move Entity and select from the following:

• Rotate90 or Drag Many—Moves the spline and the control polygon as a single

unit.

• Drag Item—Moves the spline in one of the following ways, depending on the

entities you select:

o If you select any point on the spline or the control polygon, except an

endpoint,and drag, the spline and all the entities belonging to its control

polygon move as a single unit.

o If you select an endpoint on the spline and drag,the spline and all the

control polygon entities scale and rotate as a single unit.

o If you select a vertex on the control polygon and drag, only the two

adjacent control polygon lines move.

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Section Geometry Information

To Obtain Information About Section Geometry

Click Analysis and select from the following:

• Distance—Measure the distance between any two parallel lines, two points, or a

point and a line. The distance is displayed in the message window.

• Angle—Measure the angle between any two lines. Select the two lines. The angle

between the selected lines is displayed in the message window.

• Entity—Select the single entity about which to you want to obtain information.

The type of geometry and the endpoint tangencies are displayed.

• Intersection Point—Select two entities to determine their intersection points. If

the selected entities do not physically intersect, Sketcher extrapolates the entities

to find an intersection. If the extrapolated entities do not intersect (for example,

parallel lines), Pro/ Engineer displays a message. The angle of slope at the

intersection point for both entities is displayed in the message window.

• Tangency Point—Select two entities to determine where their slopes are equal.

The selected entities do not have to touch each other. Pro/ENGINEER displays the

angle of slope at the point of tangency and the distance between the two

tangency points.

• Curvature—Displays the curvature of splines in the section using the CRV

DISPLAY menu. The following are available:

o Select Curve—Select a curve for curvature analysis display.

o Scale—Change the scale of the curvature display.

o Density—Change the density of the curvature display.

Using a Coordinate System to Obtain Section Information (OFF)

For the options Entity, Intersection Point, and Tangency Point, you can select a

coordinate system to identify pertinent coordinate values for the Sketcher entities, as

follows:


2. Click Sec Tools on the SKETCHER menu. The SEC TOOLS menu appears.

3. Click Sec Info. The SEC INFO menu appears.

4. Select Entity, Intersection Point, or Tangency Point. The following are also

available:

• Use Csys—Select a coordinate system that you want to use to obtain coordinate

values of the entity. You can select only those Sketcher coordinate systems that

are created in the current sketch. When you select the coordinate system, it is

highlighted in magenta.


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The coordinates of the Entity, Intersection Point and the Tangency Point are

displayed along with the information on section geometry.

Note: The coordinate system that you are using to obtain section information is

unselected if you do one of the following:

o Exit the SEC INFO menu.

o Click No Csys.

o Click Use Csys again and select another coordinate system.

o Select an option from the SEC INFO menu that does not require a

coordinate system.

• No Csys—The system does not give any coordinate values in the section

information. Pro/ENGINEER determines other information, such as length or

angles, relative to the sketch coordinate system. The sketch coordinate system

has the x-axis along the horizontal and the y-axis along the vertical.

Creating a Feature Section

About Using Sketcher to Create a Feature Section

When you create features, often you must create sections to define the feature

geometry. When you sketch sections on a part, sketch only what is necessary to do

the job. If you do not want to create a new surface, do not sketch a line in the

section, and leave the section open. If Pro/ENGINEER has problems intersecting the

feature with the part, you must close the section.

When sketching on the model, you use the same tools as standalone Sketcher, plus

additional techniques.

Note:

• In Pro/PIPING, you can use the centerlines of pipe segments as references in the

3-D Sketcher just as you use curves in the following descriptions.

• You cannot import any IGES features into Sketcher environment.

To Create a Feature Section (basic)

The following basic procedure outlines how to create a feature section when working

with the part.

1. Select and orient the sketching plane.

Note: When you create a new feature, the system automatically selects default

Sketcher references. You can change these references or create new ones in the

References dialog box.

2. Sketch the section geometry. If you have specified appropriate references, the

section is complete after sketching.

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85

3. Refine the section. You may wish to change the dimensioning scheme or to apply

additional constraints.

4. Optionally, you may want to save the section.

Note:

• It is important to specify the right references before sketching so that Sketcher

can create appropriate dimensions and constraints to position the section with

respect to the part or assembly geometry.

• If you select Sketch before selecting sufficient references, Sketcher issues a

warning.

To Enter Sketcher Environment (basic)

Before you start creating a feature section, the system prompts you to do the

following:

• Select a sketching plane.

• Specify the direction of feature creation.

• Orient the sketching plane.

After the sketching plane is defined, the system automatically places you in Sketcher

so you can start creating the section.

To Specify and Orient the Sketching Plane

1. Click Insert > Model Datum > Sketch. The Sketch dialog box opens.

2. Specify the following:

o Sketch Plane—Contains the Plane field. Select a planar surface or a

datum plane to be used as the sketching plane.

o Sketch Orientation—You can orient the sketching plane to make it normal

to the sketching window.

Click Flip to switch the sketch orientation between two sides of the

sketching plane.

Click the Reference box to select or redefine the sketching plane.

Select a direction from the Orientation box for referencing the sketching

plane.

Tip: Orienting the Sketching Plane

If you are creating a feature that is not aligned with the existing edges of the part,

you may want to create a datum plane as a horizontal or vertical reference that will

be added. This is especially useful when you create radial feature patterns. When

you create a datum plane as a reference, first select the direction you want the plane


86

to represent (Top, Bottom, and so on) and then create it. The yellow side of the

datum plane will face towards the specified side of the screen.

Defining References for a Section

When you sketch a 3-D section, Sketcher must position the section with respect to

part geometry by using dimensions and constraints to reference entities. To establish

a reference entity, you must select model geometry (for example, part edge).

Sketcher then projects the selected reference onto the sketching plane and makes its

position "known."

It is recommended that you create reference entities immediately upon entering

Sketcher. Then, when you sketch geometry, it will snap to the "known" model

references.

The model references that you select determine the dimensioning scheme for

locating the section.

Additionally, you can make an entity "known" to Sketcher by:

• Selecting an entity as a reference for dimensioning

• Selecting an entity as a reference for an operation (trimming, filleting, and so on)

• Creating entities with the Use Edge or Offset Edge commands

• Creating reference entities with the X Sec option

If you add known entities after you create some geometry, the system may add

some weak constraints to resolve the section.

You can delete known entities with the Delete command. When you exit Sketcher,

unused model references are deleted.

Sketcher Hints

Sketcher Hints

Consider the following hints for using Sketcher.

• When you create fillets between non-horizontal and non vertical lines, create a

point at the intersection of the lines to dimension to theoretical sharps.

• You can tell Sketcher specifically which dimensions to lock or unlock by using the

Toggle Lock command in the Edit menu. Notice that as you pick a dimension to

lock, the letter "L" is added in front of the dimension value.

• You may also lock all dimensions with the Toggle Lock command and then click

Edit > Toggle Lock to selectively unlock dimensions that you allow to change

during dragging. Notice that when you select a locked dimension and click Edit >

Toggle Lock, it becomes unlocked and the letter "L" is removed from the

dimension value.

• When you lock all dimensions in Sketcher mode, you cannot change the

section,you can only drag the section around.

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To Resolve a Conflict

When you add a dimension or constraint that conflicts or is redundant with existing

strong dimensions or constraints, Sketcher highlights dimensions and constraints in

conflict and asks you to remove one of the highlighted constraints or dimensions.

Use the following options from the Resolve Sketch dialog box when you resolve the

conflict:

• Undo—Undo changes to bring the section to the state it was in just before the

action that lead to the conflict. The Redo command is not available after you

choose Undo, because the last operation was not finished.

• Delete—Select a constraint or dimension to remove.

• Dim > Ref—Select a dimension to convert to a reference.

Note: The Dim > Ref command is only available if there are dimensions in

conflict.

• Explain—Select a constraint to get a description of the constraint. Sketcher

highlights entities associated with this constraint.

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Index

A

Accuracy ..................................... 26

Arc

creating.................................... 33

Arc ............................................. 33

Axis Point

creating.................................... 36

Axis Point .................................... 36

C

Centerline

creating.................................... 29

Centerline.................................... 29

Circle

creating.................................... 30

Circle .......................................... 30

Conic

creating.................................... 32

Conic .......................................... 32

Constraing Geometry .................... 70

Constraints

display of....................... 70, 71, 73

supported ................................. 71

to create................................... 72

to delete................................... 72

to obtain information about ......... 73

to strengthen ............................ 72

Constraints ..................70, 71, 72, 73

Control Polygon.......................77, 82

Coordinate System

associate...................................82

creating ....................................36

Coordinate System........................36

Creating Geometry

arc ...........................................33

axis point ..................................36

centerline ..................................29

circle ........................................30

conic ........................................32

coordinate system ......................36

ellipse.......................................31

Elliptical Fillet.............................35

fillet arc ....................................34

line...........................................29

rectangle...................................30

spline .......................................35

text ..........................................37

Creating Geometry .28, 29, 30, 31, 32,

33, 34, 35, 36, 37

D

Dimensioning

display of ..................................52

negative dimensions ...................54

number of decimal places displayed

.............................................54

to create dimensions...................51

to modify ..................................53

to replace..................................53

to strengthen.............................52


90

Dimensioning ...............51, 52, 53, 54

Dimensioning a Conic

dimension by endpoints .............. 61

tangency dimension ................... 61

three point dimension................. 62

using rho .................................. 62

Dimensioning a Conic...............61, 62

Dimensioning a Spline

dimension interpolation points ..... 60

linear dimensions....................... 59

radius of curvature dimension...... 60

tangency dimensions.................. 59

Dimensioning a Spline..............59, 60

Dimensions

angle dimension between lines .... 58

angle dimension for an arc .......... 57

angular..................................... 57

conic ........................................ 61

diameter................................... 55

elliptical fillet............................. 66

linear ....................................... 55

ordinate.................................... 65

perimeter ................................. 63

radial ....................................... 55

reference .................................. 64

Dimensions............ 55, 63, 64, 65, 66

Divide ......................................... 44

E

Ellipse

creating.................................... 31

rules for creating ..................31, 32

Ellipse .........................................31

F

Feature Section

datum planes.............................85

references .................................86

sketching plane..........................85

to create ...................................84

to enter sketcher........................85

Feature Section..................84, 85, 86

Fillet Arc

creating ....................................34

elliptical fillet .............................35

Fillet Arc ......................................34

I

Import.........................................49

Intent Manager

conflict resolution .......................87

right mouse button shortcut menu15

specifying model ........................86

terminology ................................ 7

Intent Manager .............................. 7

L

Line

creating ....................................29

Line.............................................29

Locking Dimensions.......................54

M

Mirror

to mirror geometry .....................44

Mirror ..........................................44

Modifying a Section

Index

91

construction entities ................... 74

to delete................................... 73

Modifying a Section.......54, 66, 73, 74

Moving

moving an entity ..................66, 68

moving dimensions .................... 68

to scale and rotate ..................... 66

Moving...................................66, 68

O

Offset Edge

to create geometry with.............. 41

using select chain options ........... 41

Offset Edge.............................40, 41

R

Rectangle

creating.................................... 30

Rectangle .................................... 30

S

Section

incomplete section ..................... 50

obtain info ................................ 83

to dimension ............................. 50

to retrieve a section ................... 49

Section ............................ 49, 50, 83

Sketcher Selection Filter

example ................................... 45

Sketcher Selection Filter ................ 44

Spline

add points .................................76

control polygon ..........................77

creating ....................................35

curvature display........................76

delete points..............................77

manipulate ................................80

modifying.......................74, 75, 81

move interpolation points .76, 81, 82

obtain info.................................79

read coordinates ........................79

save coordinates ........................78

smooth .....................................78

sparse ......................................78

Spline.............. 35, 74, 76, 77, 78, 79

T

Text

height.......................................74

modify ......................................74

Text ...................................... 37, 74

Trim ............................................42

U

Use Edge

creating reference entities ...........39

to create geometry with ..............38

Use Edge .....................................38

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