Upload
tanawat-nuch
View
218
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
1/79
Post-installed Anchors Design
11 October 2013
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
2/79
Post-installed Anchor Application Type of Anchors / Type of Post-installed Anchor
Failure modes of Anchor
Failure case of Post-installed Anchor
Post-installed Anchor design code development
Post-installed Anchor selection criteria
AGENDA
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
3/79
First Wher e and when to use Post-installed Anchor?
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=JqD3rwDuCEvYqM&tbnid=hn06D77t0wLQnM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://mithunonthe.net/2012/08/06/hong-kong-views-from-victoria-peak/&ei=AGfuUbF2zuKsB4iXgYAK&psig=AFQjCNEtfJQMt2WYEcXAe8dPVxhuMgwbGA&ust=1374664756305471http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=JqD3rwDuCEvYqM&tbnid=hn06D77t0wLQnM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://mithunonthe.net/2012/08/06/hong-kong-views-from-victoria-peak/&ei=AGfuUbF2zuKsB4iXgYAK&psig=AFQjCNEtfJQMt2WYEcXAe8dPVxhuMgwbGA&ust=13746647563054718/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
4/79
Missing dowel bar
Post-installed Anchor Application
Splices connection - Rebar theory by ACI 318 Chapter 12
Bore pile / PI rebar for missing dowel
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
5/79
D-wall
Cap beam
Shear key
Steel post
Pre-loading
Concretebacking
Excavation
Post-installed Anchor Application
Temporally bracing structure / PI rebar for shear key in concrete backing
Shear connection - Rebar theory by ACI 318 Chapter 12
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
6/79
Post-installed Anchor Application
Cap beam / PI rebar for missing dowel and shear key
Splice and Shear connection - Rebar theory by ACI 318 Chapter 12
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
7/79
Connection slab to D-wall
Post-installed Anchor Application
Shear connection - Rebar theory by ACI 318 Chapter 12
Diaphragm wall / PI rebar for shear key
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
8/79
Post-installed Anchor Application
Shear connection - Rebar theory by ACI 318 Chapter 12
Core wall / PI rebar for missing bar
Connection Slab to Core-wall
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
9/79
Post-installed Anchor Application
Concrete resistance - Anchor theory by ACI 318 Appendix D
Steel column to concrete / PI Anchor for column support
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
10/79
Post-installed Anchor Application
Steel column to concrete / PI Anchor for column support
Concrete resistance - Anchor theory by ACI 318 Appendix D
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
11/79
Post-installed Anchor Application
Steel beam/corbel to concrete / PI Anchor for connection joint
Concrete resistance - Anchor theory by ACI 318 Appendix D
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
12/79
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
13/79
Post-installed Anchor Application
Structure strengthening / PI rebar for shear key
Shear connection - Rebar theory by ACI 318 Chapter 12
Column strengthening Column & Beam strengthening
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
14/79
Post-installed Anchor Application
Structure strengthening / PI anchor for shear key and steel support
Shear connection - Anchor theory by ACI 318 Appendix D
Column strengthening Slab strengthening
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
15/79
Post-installed Anchor Application
Structure strengthening / PI rebar for shear key
Shear connection - Rebar theory by ACI 318 Chapter 12
Slab strengthening Isolated footing strengthening
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
16/79
Post-installed Anchor Application
Structure strengthening / PI rebar for tension and shear key
Shear connection - Rebar theory by ACI 318 Chapter 12
Beam strengthening Beam strengthening
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
17/79
Post-installed Anchor Application
Miscellaneous works / PI Anchor for steel support
Concrete resistance - Anchor theory by ACI 318 Appendix D
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
18/79
Post-installed Anchor Application
Concrete resistance - Anchor theory by ACI 318 Appendix D
Miscellaneous works / PI Anchor for steel support
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
19/79
Ladder support Ceiling support
Post-installed Anchor Application
Concrete resistance - Anchor theory by ACI 318 Appendix D
Miscellaneous works / PI Anchor for steel support
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
20/79
Post-installed Anchor Application
Concrete resistance - Anchor theory by ACI 318 Appendix D
Miscellaneous works / PI Anchor for steel support
Handrail support Balustrade support
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
21/79
Post-installed Anchor Application
Concrete resistance - Anchor theory by ACI 318 Appendix D
Miscellaneous works / PI Anchor for steel support
Cladding support Light duty bollard support
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
22/79
Post-installed Anchor Application
MEP system / PI Anchor for hanging support
Concrete resistance - Anchor theory by ACI 318 Appendix D
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
23/79
Post-installed Anchor Application
Machine plinth / PI Anchor for steel support and fatigue resistance
Concrete resistance - Anchor theory by ACI 318 Appendix D
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
24/79
Earthquake resistantfastenings
Earthquake resistantfastenings
Post-installed Anchor Application
Miscellaneous works / PI Anchor for seismic safety of equipment for suchvital
Concrete resistance - Anchor theory by ACI 318 Appendix D
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
25/79
How many types of anchor?
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
26/79
There are 2 types of anchor to concrete
1. Cast in place Anchor
Traditionally, design engineerspecify cast-in-place anchor ifthey know beforehand whereanchor are to be installed
2. Post installed Anchor
Many applications cannot beinstalled before casting, post-installed anchor
Adhesive Anchorechanical Anchor
Types of Anchors
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
27/79
Types of Anchors : Cast-in place Anchor
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
28/79
ACI define Post-installed anchors into 2 types
Adhesive Anchor
A post-installed anchor, inserted into hardened concrete with ananchor hole diameter not greater than 1.5 times the anchordiameter, that transfers loads to the concrete by bond betweenthe anchor and the adhesive, and bond between the adhesive andthe concrete.
Adhesive Anchor
Mechanical Anchor Mechanical AnchorExpans ion anchor : A post-installed anchor,inserted into hardened concrete that transferloads to or from the concrete by direct bearingor friction or both. May be torque-controlled (sleeve-type and stud-type) or displacement-
controlled (drop-in type).Undercu t anchor : A post-installed anchorthat develops its tensile strength from themechanical interlock provided by undercuttingof the concrete at the embedded end ofanchor.
Types of Anchors : Post-installed Anchor
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
29/79
Adhesive Anchor
Types of Post-installed Anchors
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
30/79
Adhesive Anchors
under external tensile load
Mechanical Anchors
under external tensile load
Finite Element Analysis : Stress Distribution
Type of Post-Installed Anchors
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
31/79
Influence of Base
Embedment Depth
Ideal Case
SPACING
Influence of Spacing
Influence of Edge Distance
EDGE DISTANCE
Types of Anchors : Behavior in Concrete
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
32/79
Anchor to concrete
Cast-in-place anchor Post Installed anchor
Mechanical Anchor Adhesive AnchorExpansion Anchor
Undercut Anchor
Types of Anchors : Anchor to concrete family
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
33/79
How many failure modes of anchorin concrete?
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
34/79
The critical failure modes an anchor system considering tension
and shear load bearing capacity of the materials involved.
Anchor Material Failuresteel failure)
Base Material Failureconc rete failure)
Failure Modes of Anchors
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
35/79
The critical failure modes an anchor system considering tension
and shear load bearing capacity of the materials involved.
Failure Modes of Anchors
Materialcapacity
Failure mode in
Tension Shear
Steel 1. Steel failure in tension 1. Steel failure in shearConcrete 2. Concrete breakout
3. Concrete pullout4. Concrete side-face blowout
2. Concrete breakout3. Concrete pry-out
Bond(Adhesiveanchor only )
5. Bond strength of adhesive anchor
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
36/79
Failure Modes of Anchors
F external
Steel failure
Failure Modes in Tension : Steel failure
1. Steel failure in tension
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
37/79
Failure Modes in Tension : Concrete failure
2. Concrete breakout
Failure Modes of Anchors
F
1.5 h ef 1.5 h ef
h ef35
F external
Concrete failure
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
38/79
Failure Modes of Anchors
F external
Failure Modes in Tension : Concrete failure
3. Concrete pullout
Concrete failure
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
39/79
Concrete failure
Failure Modes of AnchorsFailure Modes in Tension : Concrete failure
4. Concrete side-face blowout
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
40/79
Failure Modes of AnchorsFailure Modes in Tension : Bond failure
5. Bond strength of adhesive anchor
Bond failure
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
41/79
F external
Failure Modes of Anchors
Concrete failure
Failure Modes in Tension : Concrete and Bond failure
* Concrete Splitting
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
42/79
F external
Failure Modes of AnchorsFailure Modes in Tension : Concrete and Bond failure
* Concrete Splitting
Concrete failure
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
43/79
Although the minimum edge distances were maintained by us ing 10-inch cubes , thepublished ultimate strengths of the anchors in concrete do not mention the case wherethose critical edge distances are realized in all four directions -- an unlikely condition in thefield. As illustrated by the photos, edge distances did determine the failure mode observedon several samples. If edge dis tances had b een greater, it is anticipated that a differentfailure mode and h igh er u l t imate s t rength values would be realized in the sampleswhere cube sp l i t t i ng w as obse rved . This would have increased the sample size ofmeaningful data.
Concrete failure
Failure Modes of AnchorsFailure Modes in Tension : Concrete and Bond failure
* Concrete Splitting
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
44/79
Failure Modes of Anchors
F external
Failure Modes in Tension : Steel plate failure
*Pull-over
Steel Plate failure
Failure Modes of Anchors
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
45/79
F externalF externalF external
M
Steel failure
Failure Modes of AnchorsFailure Modes in Shear : Steel failure
1. Steel failure in shear
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
46/79
Failure Modes of Anchors
F external
Failure Modes in Shear : Concrete failure
2. Concrete breakout
Concrete failure
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
47/79
Failure Modes of AnchorsFailure Modes in Shear : Concrete failure
3. Concrete pry-out
F external
Concrete failure
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
48/79
ConcreteBreakout
ConcreteBreakout
TensileStrength
ShearStrength
SteelFailure
ConcreteFailure
ConcretePullout
Side faceblowout
SteelFailure
ConcreteFailure
GoverningTensile Strength
Governing ShearStrength
Tension & ShearInteraction
BondStrength
OfAdhesive
anchor
Concrete pryout
Failure Modes in Tension Failure Modes in Shear
Failure Modes of Anchors
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
49/79
Failure Modes of Anchors
Anchors Failure Example
Anchor sheared-off after an earthquake.
Anchor Failure due to poor quality ofconcrete
Base material cracking as a resultof a relatively small edge distance.
Chemical anchors were completely pulledout during an earthquake.
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
50/79
Failure Modes of Anchors
Pulled out anchorsafter an earthquake.Mechanical anchors were completely pulled out as the concrete
failed.
Anchors were completely pulled out as thetank tumbled down during the earthquake.Concrete failed cause torque
over
Anchors Failure Example
l d f h
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
51/79
Failure Modes of Anchors
Anchors Failure Example
Concrete pull-out failure
Bond strength failure
Concrete pry-out failure.
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=3I66IonhCDTmeM&tbnid=aiu8nqSIWlQpaM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://retecool.com/post/het-bestaan-van-de-paus-is-een-aanval-op-gezond-verstand&ei=nGnuUfCXDc6ErAeuroCQAQ&psig=AFQjCNHMjgigdb80m5TsrhIs3BMHp4FkzA&ust=1374665389223620http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=jM9TzCHbtDFL6M&tbnid=Vxr2h_Caq-H75M:&ved=0CAgQjRwwADhf&url=http://www.accutechusa.net/projects.php&ei=fGzuUZ-PD8XsrAe3s4HAAg&psig=AFQjCNFup2A9T3YUiV29v4fBHaikqIlOeQ&ust=13746662363470838/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
52/79
Have ever anchor to concrete
Collapse? Yes, lets se e
Boston's Big Dig the most expensive highway
http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=3I66IonhCDTmeM&tbnid=aiu8nqSIWlQpaM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://retecool.com/post/het-bestaan-van-de-paus-is-een-aanval-op-gezond-verstand&ei=nGnuUfCXDc6ErAeuroCQAQ&psig=AFQjCNHMjgigdb80m5TsrhIs3BMHp4FkzA&ust=1374665389223620http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=jM9TzCHbtDFL6M&tbnid=Vxr2h_Caq-H75M:&ved=0CAgQjRwwADhf&url=http://www.accutechusa.net/projects.php&ei=fGzuUZ-PD8XsrAe3s4HAAg&psig=AFQjCNFup2A9T3YUiV29v4fBHaikqIlOeQ&ust=1374666236347083http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=3I66IonhCDTmeM&tbnid=aiu8nqSIWlQpaM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://retecool.com/post/het-bestaan-van-de-paus-is-een-aanval-op-gezond-verstand&ei=nGnuUfCXDc6ErAeuroCQAQ&psig=AFQjCNHMjgigdb80m5TsrhIs3BMHp4FkzA&ust=1374665389223620http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=jM9TzCHbtDFL6M&tbnid=Vxr2h_Caq-H75M:&ved=0CAgQjRwwADhf&url=http://www.accutechusa.net/projects.php&ei=fGzuUZ-PD8XsrAe3s4HAAg&psig=AFQjCNFup2A9T3YUiV29v4fBHaikqIlOeQ&ust=1374666236347083http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=3I66IonhCDTmeM&tbnid=aiu8nqSIWlQpaM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://retecool.com/post/het-bestaan-van-de-paus-is-een-aanval-op-gezond-verstand&ei=nGnuUfCXDc6ErAeuroCQAQ&psig=AFQjCNHMjgigdb80m5TsrhIs3BMHp4FkzA&ust=1374665389223620http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=3I66IonhCDTmeM&tbnid=aiu8nqSIWlQpaM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://retecool.com/post/het-bestaan-van-de-paus-is-een-aanval-op-gezond-verstand&ei=nGnuUfCXDc6ErAeuroCQAQ&psig=AFQjCNHMjgigdb80m5TsrhIs3BMHp4FkzA&ust=1374665389223620http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=jM9TzCHbtDFL6M&tbnid=Vxr2h_Caq-H75M:&ved=0CAgQjRwwADhf&url=http://www.accutechusa.net/projects.php&ei=fGzuUZ-PD8XsrAe3s4HAAg&psig=AFQjCNFup2A9T3YUiV29v4fBHaikqIlOeQ&ust=13746662363470838/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
53/79
http://failures.wikispaces.com/Big+Dig+( I+90+Connector+Tunnel)http://www.militaryphotos.net/forums/showthread.php?85890-Failure-in-the-Big-Dig-Boston
Boston s Big Dig , the most expensive highwayproject in the United States : 2006 Ceiling PanelCollapseNearly three decades and14.8 billion dollars later, theBig Dig would own claimas the most expensivehighway project in theUnited States
Big Dig project director Michael Lewis,who has spent 12 years on the project.
The official planning phase started in 1982 ;the construction work was done between1991 and 2006
Boston's Big Dig the most expensive highway
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
54/79
Boston s Big Dig , the most expensive highwayproject in the United States : 2006 Ceiling PanelCollapse
Boston's Big Dig , the most expensive highway
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
55/79
Boston s Big Dig , the most expensive highwayproject in the United States : 2006 Ceiling PanelCollapse
Boston's Big Dig , the most expensive highway
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
56/79
Boston s Big Dig , the most expensive highwayproject in the United States : 2006 Ceiling PanelCollapse
Similar in US, Missing anchor bolts could be to
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
57/79
blame for Japan tunnel ceiling Collapse 2012(possibly the tunnel opened in 1977.)
http://tunnellingjournal.com/news/missing-anchor-bolts-could-be-to-blame-for-japan-tunnel-ceiling-failure/
Similar in US, Missing anchor bolts could be to
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
58/79
blame for Japan tunnel ceiling Collapse 2012(possibly the tunnel opened in 1977.)
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
59/79
What is design code for post
installed anchor?
Code for Post-installed Anchor
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
60/79
'f A432.0P c pc
ut b s f A9.0P
ut b ss f V A75.0
cb f Vc 'A4.66
Tension
Shear
Difficult to apply even for simpleanchor configurations.
Less predictive of specificmaterial failure.
Previously, anchor design is based on the provisions of ACI 349
(PCI) as incorporated in UBC 1997
Complexities in this design method lead ACI, in 1998, to thederivation of a new design approach.
Code for Post installed Anchor
Code for Post-installed Anchor
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
61/79
The new ACI design approach was developed using the principles
of fracture mechanics and simple engineering models as earlierdeveloped in the University of Stuttgart (kappa method).
Supported by regressionanalyses of large bodiesof test data.
kappa method
Highly accurate and easy to apply. Calculation of load bearing capacities at
different load cases and different anchor
configurations.
Highly descriptive of the critical failuremode.
Concrete Capacity Design Method
Code for Post installed Anchor
Code for Post-installed Anchor
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
62/79
In Appendix D of the 2002 Edition of ACI 318 , the Concrete
Capacity Design Method (CCD) was incorporated.
, kappamethod
ConcreteCapacity Design
Method
(ACI 318 Appendix D)
Code for Post installed Anchor
Code for Post-installed Anchor
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
63/79
1. ACI 318-11 Appendix D
ACI 318-11 : Building Code Requirements forStructural Concrete
Appendix D : Anchoring to Concrete
2. ETAG 001 Annex C
ETAG 001 : Guideline for European Technical Approval ofMetal Anchors for use in Concrete
Annex C : Design Methods for Anchorages
Code for Post-installed Anchor
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
64/79
Euro codesAmerican
codes
JapaneseStandards
Codes and Standards % of Used
American Codes (ACI) 95%
Euro Codes (ETAG) 4%
Japanese Standards (JIS) 1%
Common practice is to translateddirectly into Thai language andthen adjust the codes to fitThailand.
The origin of The Codes and Standards ofconstruction in Thailand.
Code for Post-installed Anchor
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
65/79
ACI
ACI 318-89 ACI 318-02 ACI 318-05 ACI 318-08
ACI 318-11
American Codes
EIT. Standard1972
ACI 318-63
Thai Code and Standard
EIT. Standard1999 to 2002
ACI 318-26
ACI Standard American Concrete Institute
New 2014 has beenrevised since 2012,
Raftered (ACI 318-11)
Revising
ACI 318-14
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
66/79
Before starting post-installed design,there are many things you need to know!
Base materials : Anchors can be installed indifferent base materials being concrete the most
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
67/79
gcommon
Anchors need to be selected, designed and approved according to the basematerial. Concrete is the root of all the design considerations and analysisand, as such, it will be studied in more detail.
Concrete Hollowconcrete
blocks
Lightweightconcrete
Natural stoneHollow claybricks
Solid clay
bricks
Hollowconcrete
slabs
Timber
Base materials : Concrete Compressive Strength
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
68/79
Concrete test samples
150
150
150
20 N/mm 225 N/mm 2
Development of concrete
compressive strength
Concrete : Cracked or Un-cracked concrete
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
69/79
Compression
Tension (cracks)
Tensile Zone
Defining where concrete is cracked its as easy as searching where the
concrete could be in tension . If the concrete is in tension it is or will bedefinitely cracked! Non-cracked concrete consideration must be shown bycalculation for the different load combinations.
Concrete : Cracked or Un-cracked concrete
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
70/79
Effects of Cracking
Cracked concrete : Defining where concreteshould be considered cracked may not be as
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
71/79
simple as it seems
Defining where concrete is cracked its as easy as searching where theconcrete could be in tension . If the concrete is in tension it is or will bedefinitely cracked! Non-cracked concrete consideration must be shown bycalculation for the different load combinations.
Wind load
Distributed loads
Single load
Singleload
What is reasonably easy for asimple beam or cantilever
can be fairly complex for areal structure load scenarios
Cracked concrete : For seismic actions theconcrete shall be always considered cracked!
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
72/79
concrete shall be always considered cracked!
Earthquake shaking leads tension and compression in the concretemembers to change compared to static loads. In the case seismic actionis considered, concrete shall be considered as cracked concrete (unlessproven otherwise by a specific report)!
For all cases, the designer is always responsible to define if the anchor isset in cracked or non-cracked concrete! We should focus on explaining
what this implies for the anchors selection and performance
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
73/79
Material & Corrosive resistance
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
74/79
Ceiling over swimming pool collapsed due to corrosion!!!
Load
Types of Loading
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
75/79
Time
Load
Load
Load
Load
Load
Shock Load
Pulsating Load
Seismic Load
Static Load
Alternating Load
Time
Time
Time
Time
Time
Hole surface conditions & Moister condition
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
76/79
Diamond cored hole Saturated concrete
&
Water filled hole
Thai Climate Temperature
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
77/79
37 C
Fixing directionDesign criteria Other requirements
Anchor Design Criteria
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
78/79
Floor
Wall
Ceiling
Fixing direction
Hole surface conditions
Moister condition
Temperature condition
Corrosive condition
Types of anchor
Types of base material
Cracked or Non cracked
Controlled failure mode
Shock load
Fatigue teat
LEED certify
FM certified
NSF
Fire resistance
Design criteria Other requirements
Load & direction
Moment & direction
Type of load
8/13/2019 Part 1 CEAT - Post Installed Anchor - Design 2013Rev
79/79
Now you know many things aboutanchors
Lets start the design with
ACI 318 appendix D