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fy;tpg; nghJj;juhju cah;jug; guPl;ir> Kd;Ndhbf; fUj;juq;F
2012
khjpup tpdhj;jhs; : jfty; njhlh;ghly; njhopy;El;gk; II A
jahupj;J ntspapLtJ : fy;tp mikr;R
mwpTWj;jy;fs;:
ehd;F tpdhf;fSf;Fk; ,j;jhspNyNa tpilaspf;f.
gFjp - A
mikg;Gf; fl;Liu
(1) (a) fzpdpapd; tsh;r;rpg;gbfspy; ,uz;lhk;> ehd;fhk;
jiyKiwf; fzpdpfspy; gad;gLj;jg;gl;l njhopy;El;g NtWghLfisf;
Fwpg;gpLtJld;> ehd;fhk; jiyKiwf; fzpdpfspd; mD$yq;fs; ,uz;bidAk;
Fwpg;gpLf.
(b) Ez;nrayp nfhz;Ls;s Mizj; njhFjp fl;likg;G (Instruction Set
Architecture) ,y;
gad;gLj;jg;gl;l rpf;fyhd topKiw FO fl;likg;G (CISC) kw;Wk;
Fiwf;fg;gl;l
topKiw FO fl;likg;G (RISC) ,ilapyhd NtWghLfisf; Fwpg;gpLf.
(c) -123.75 ,id ePz;l jrk vz;fis xw;iw rupEl;g
gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jk; (IEEE
Floating Point Single Precision Representation) Kiwapy;
Fwpf;ifapy;.
i. Sign bit ngWkhdk; ahJ?
ii. 123.7510 ,id Jtpj tbtpw;F khw;Wf.
iii. NkNy (ii) ,y; ngwg;gl;l Jtpjg; ngWkhdj;ij epak tbtpw;F
(Standard
notation) khw;Wf.
[,uz;lhk; gf;fk; ghh;f;f
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iv. NkNy (iii) ,y; ngwg;gl;l tYg; (Exponent) ngWkhdk; ahJ?
v. gpd;dg; gFjpapid gpl; Kiwapy; Fwpj;Jf; fhl;Lf.
vi.-123.75 ,id ePz;l jrk vz;fis gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;Jk;
(IEEE-32)
tbtpy; Fwpj;Jf; fhl;Lf.
(2) (a) fPNo nkd;nghUs;; tiffs; rpy ml;ltizapy; jug;gl;Ls;sd.
mtw;wpid ,af;f
Kiwik> gpuNahf nkd;nghUs;> gad;ghl;L nkd;nghUs; vd
tifg;gLj;Jf.
nkd;nghUs; tiffs; Tif
tl;L xUq;fikj;jy; (Disk Defragmentation) ...
Xnguh (Opera) ...
Nkf;fpd;;nlh]; (Macintosh) ...
];fphpd; Nrth; (Screen Saver)
[_k;yh (Joomla)
kpd;l; (Mint)
(b) fzpdp ,af;f Kiwikapd; gpujhd njhopw;ghLfspy; epidtf KfhikAk;
xd;whFk;. ,J njhlh;ghf gpd;tUk; nrhw;gjq;fis tpsf;Ff.
i. epidtf xJf;fPL (Memory Allocation)
ii. epidtfk; khw;wg;gly; (Memory Swapping)
(c) 18 gpl;L nka;epfh; epidtf Kfthp ,lj;jpidf; nfhz;l (Virtual
Memory Address
Space) fzpdpapy; 8 gpl;lhdJ gf;f Kfthpf;fhfg; (Page Address)
gad; gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.
i. Nkw;gb Kfthp jpl;lkplypd; mbg;gilapy; cUthf;f KbAkhd
gf;fq;fspd;
vz;zpf;ifapidf; fzpf;f.
ii. 010111010100111101 vd;Dk; nka;epfh; epidtf Kfthpapidf; fUJf.
,t;
tpyhrj;jpYs;s gf;fk; (page) kw;Wk; ngah;r;rp (displacement)
ngWkhdq;fisf;
fhz;f.
(d) NTFS kw;Wk; FAT32 Nfhg;G KiwapYs;s NtWghLfs; ,uz;L jUf.
[%d;whk; gf;fk; ghh;f;f
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(3) gpd;tUk; re;jh;g;gq;fis fUj;jpw; nfhs;f.
Fwpj;j epWtdk; jdJ Copah;fsJ Copah; ,yf;fk;> gpwe;j jpfjp>
ngah;> taJ> njhiyNgrp ,yf;fk; vd;gtw;wpidf; nfhz;l
ml;ltizapidg; NgZtjw;fhd mtrpaKs;sJ> ngauhdJ Kjw; ngah;>
eLg;ngah;> ,Wjpg; ngah; vdg; 3 gFjpfshf cs;slf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
NkYk; xUth; xd;wpw;F Nkw;gl;l njhiyNgrp ,yf;fq;fisg; gad;gLj;j
KbAk;.
,e; epWtdk; jdJ Copah;fis njhopy; mgptpUj;jpf;fhd fw;if
newpfspy; Njit vd;gtw;wpw;fika NtWgLfpd;wJ. ,f; fw;if newp
,yf;fk;> fw;if newpapd; ngah; vd;gtw;wpidf; fUj;jpw; nfhs;tJld;
xt;nthU CopaUf;Fk; Kd; epakpf;fg;gl;l kzpj;jpahyq;fSf;fika gq;Fgw;w
KbAk;. xUtUf;F xd;Wf;F Nkw;gl;l fw;if newpfspy; gq;F gw;w KbtJld;
Fwpj;j xU fw;if newpapy; gy Copah;fs; gq;Fgw;w KbAk;.
(a) Nkw;$wg;gl;l re;ju;g;gj;jpw;F nghUj;jkhd ER tiuglj;jpid
tiuf.
(b) NkNy gFjp(a) apy; milahsk; fhzg;gl;l gy-gy njhlh;gpid (many
to many
relationship) nfhz;Ls;s epiyj;jpUf;Fk; nghUl;fs; (entity) tif
ahJ? NkYk;
many to many relationship ,id mfw;wpa gpd;duhd ER tiuglj;jpd;
gFjpapid tiuf.
(c) ER tiugl cwTKiwapd; (relationship) NghJ gz;Gfs; (attributes)
Fwpf;fg;gLkhapd;
mjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;jf;$ba gz;G tif (type of attribute) ahJ? ,jid
Nkw;gb ER tiuglj;jpd; cjtpAld; cjhuzk; nfhz;L tpsf;Ff.
(d) Nkw;$wg;gl;l re;ju;g;gj;jpid %d;whk; nghJikg;gLj;jy; (3rd
Normal Form) tbtj;jpy;
fhz;gpg;gjw;Fhpa mikg;G Kiwapid (Schema) jUf.
[ehd;fhk; gf;fk; ghh;f;f
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(4) (a) fPo;tUk; ml;ltizapy; epidtfq;fspd; tiffSk;> mtw;wpd;
gz;GfSk;
fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sd. mtw;wpy; ngsjpf msT epiyahdJ VWthpirapy; 1 Kjy;
5 tiu
fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jidf; fUjj;jpw; nfhz;L kw;iwa gz;GfspdJk;
epiyapid
VWthpirg;gLj;Jf.
epidtf tif (Memory type)
gz;Gfs;
ngsjpf msT
(Physical
size)
mZfy; Neuk; (Access time)
mZfy; Ntfk;
(Access speed)
nfhs;ssT (Capacity)
xU igw;Wf;fhd
fpuak; (Cost per
byte) epidTg;gjpT
(Register) 1
tpiuT epidtfk;
(Cache Memory) 2
Jizj;
Njf;fq;fs;
(Secondary
storage)
4
njhiy Jizj;
Njf;fq;fs;
(Remote secondary
storage)
5
vOkhW mZfy;
epidtfk;
(Random Access
Memory)
3
(b) (i) ,af;ftpay; vOkhW mZfy; epidtfj;jpw;Fk; (D-RAM)>
epiyapay;
vOkhW mZfy epidtfj;jpw;Fk; (S-RAM) ,ilapyhd NtWghLfs;
,uz;bid
tpghpf;Ff.
,af;ftpay; vOkhW mZfy; epidtfk;
(D-RAM)
epiyapay; vOkhW mZfy; epidtfk;
(S-RAM)
1
2
(ii) epidTg; gjpT(Register) kw;Wk; tpiuT epidtfk; (Cache Memory)
fpatw;wpw;Fg;
nghUj;jkhdJ epiyapay; vOkhW mZfy; epidtfk; (S-RAM) MFk;.
jw;fhd
fhuzk; ahJ?
[Ie;jhk; gf;fk; ghh;f;f
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(c)
Table name : Student
Ad_No Std_Name Grade Gender
A 001
A002
A003
A004
Samanthi
Kamal
Sanjeeva
Sanduni
12 Art
12Art
12Com
12Art
Female
Male
Male
Female
(i) Nkw;gb ml;ltizapid jahhpg;gjw;fhd SQL $w;wpid vOJf.
(ii) Student vd;Dk; ml;ltizapy; gpd;tUk; ngWkhdj;jpid
cs;thq;Ftjw;fhd
SQL $w;wpid vOJf. (A005, Nimal, 12Sci, Male)
(iii) Nkw;gb ml;ltizapy; Tel_No VARCHAR(10) vd;Dk; Gyj;jpid
cUthf;Ftjw;fhd SQL $w;wpid vOJf
