PART III : SUMMARY OF THE RESULT OF SUBCONTRACT SURVEY

PART III : SUMMARY OF THE RESULT

OF SUBCONTRACT SURVEY

The study on sewerage system development in the Syrian Arab Republic Final Report

AS1-1

Appendix 1 Industrial Wastewater Quality Survey


AS1-2

1.1 Technical Specifications

1.1.1 General Specification

(1) Objective Objective of the water quality survey of industrial wastewater is to analyze water quality of industrial wastewater and to investigate outline of factory and its manufacturing activities by questionnaire. (2) Scope of Work The survey consist water quality analysis and data collection of the outline of the factory by questionnaire. Target area of this survey is the entire area of Syria (it is mainly considered as 7 Governorates in Damascus Rural Area, Dar’a, Tartous, Lattakia, Al-Rakka, Dier-ez-zor, and Al-Hasake). The details of the survey are described below. 1.1.2 Water Sampling and Water Quality Analysis The work of water sampling and water quality analysis includes all the works of sampling and analysis, including survey planning, sampling, on-site measurement of necessary items, initial preservation of the samples and their transportation to the laboratory for the analyses. (1) Sampling

A plan for water sampling points is shown in the following table. The exact locations (factories) shall be determined through discussions with the JICA Study Team.

Table 1 Number of Samples

Objective factory Nos. of factory (Nos. of survey)

Nos. of analytical items

Nos. of samples for analysis

Olive oil factory and Sugar factory 10 factories (1 time) 15 items 10 samples

Food factory 10 factories (1 time) 14 items 10 samples

Tannery, Textile/ Clothing, Oil refinery, Fertilizer factory,

Cement factory and Others

35 factories (1 time) 27 items 35 samples

Paper factory 5 factories (1 time) 28 items 5 samples

Total 60 Factories - 60 samples

(2) Analysis Items

A plan for the items of water quality analysis is shown in Table 2. The methods for sampling and analysis to be employed shall conform to the internationally accepted procedure (e.g. WHO, American / European / Japanese and Syria standards for water quality analysis).

1.1.3 Questionnaire Survey


AS1-3

The questionnaire survey is conducted in order to acquire the information on a factory that water analysis investigation is conducted. (1) Number of Object for Questionnaire Survey

Objects of the questionnaire survey are the same as the water sampling and water quality analysis. Total number of object for questionnaire survey is 60 factories.

(2) Contents of Questionnaire Contents of questionnaire are listed below. Tentative questionnaire sheet is shown in Table 3.

(3) Modification of Questionnaire Sheet Before implementation of questionnaire survey, contractor shall rehearse questionnaire survey using a tentative questionnaire sheet which is prepared by the Study Team. Based on the results of the questionnaire survey, the questionnaire sheet shall be modified through discussions with the Study Team.

1.1.4 Equipment, Materials and Labor The Contractor shall provide all the equipment, vehicle, personnel and materials necessary for the Work. (1) Reporting The Contractor shall submit an actual implementation plan not later than 1 week after the signing of the Agreement. The Contractor shall submit progress reports according to the JICA Study Team request. The Contractor shall prepare a final report which includes all the results of analyses, analytical methods used and its detected limit. Photographs of the fieldwork shall be taken and submitted together with the report. The contractor shall submit the final reports in English and Arabic (each 2 hard copies and 2 CD-R) to the Study Team by the end of February. (2) Work Schedule The period of the survey, including reporting, shall be around 2 months after the contract has been signed.

Table 4. Work Schedule (tentative) Work Items

MeetingPreparation of implementation planRehearsal of questionnaire survey Water sampling & QuestionnaireWater quality analysisReporting

December January February March

(3) Communication system The contractor shall establish the communication system with the JICA Study Team in the time of


AS1-4

ordinary and an emergency. (4) Special Note This Specification of Survey Work has been prepared based on general knowledge on water quality survey of Industrial wastewater and on specific conditions in Syria which the Study Team has learned by the time of the preparation. Since it is anticipated that actual conditions in Syria may differ from the Study Team’s understanding, sampling schedule, sampling time and others specified in this Specification except number of sample and analytical items may be modified through consultation with JICA Study Team. Especially, it is necessary to fully notice the following items.

(ア) Sampling schedule for factories which are seasonal operation such as Olive factory, Sugar factory and etc.

(イ) Sampling time for factories which have a variation of water quality and a discontinuous operation.

(5) Price Schedule 1) Breakdown of Agreement price

Item Price (US$)

1. Water quality analysis 21,975

2. Water sampling 3,600

3. Reporting 3,500

Sub total 29,075

Tax (10%) 2,907

Total (US$) 31,982 ≒ 31,980

2) Costs to be Included in the Agreement Price Costs for mobilization, demobilization, per diem allowance for the survey team and others

required for execution of the survey are included in each sub-item. Any taxes and charges are included in the agreement price.


AS1-5


AS1-6

1.2 Summary of the Results of Survey 1.2.1 Olive pressing Factory Type Company Name Location Sample

Ramadan Tartous 1

Gazi Tartous 1

Bsmakah Tartous 1

Ain Kbira Tartous 1

Almaruf Tartous 1

Alnukhbeh Tartous 1

Abou Hamzeh Darra 2

1.2.2 Canning factory (Vegetable/fruit): Company Name Location Sample

Al Reef Company Rural Damascus 1

Factory for Tomato Darra 1

Selected analysis water quality item for Olive Oil:

Water quality item Unit Olive oil factory

1 Temperature T °C ○ 2 Hydrogen No. pH - ○ 3 Precipitable Soil Materials SS mg/L ○ 4 Total of Suspended Particles TSS mg/L ○ 5 Sulfide S mg/L ○ 6 Sulfate SO4 mg/L ○ 7 Ammonia,/Ammonium NH4-N,NH3-N mg/L ○ 8 Phospate PO4 mg/L ○

9 Saponifiable oils and grease and resinous materials - mg/L ○

10 Metallic oil and grease - mg/L ○ 11 Boron B mg/L 12 Cadmium Cd mg/L 13 Cr6+ Cr mg/L 14 Calcic Chromium Cr mg/L 15 Copper Cu mg/L 16 Lead Pb mg/L 17 Mercury Hg mg/L 18 Nickel Ni mg/L 19 Selenium Se mg/L 20 Zinc Zn mg/L 21 Cyanide CN mg/L 22 Arsenic As mg/L 23 BOD BOD mg/L ○


AS1-7

24 COD COD mg/L ○ 25 TDS TDS mg/L ○ 26 Chloride Cl mg/L ○ 27 Fluoride F mg/L 28 Pesticides - mg/L ○ 29 Algonac Organic Compounds AOX mg/L * Barium Ba mg/L * Silver Ag mg/L * Phenol Compounds - mg/L * Detergents ABS mg/L *

Note: “Standard” is the standards for industrial wastewater discharged into sewerage network, ○：Selected analysis water quality item

*: If analysis is possible in Syria, these items will be considered as additional analysis items


AS1-8


AS1-9

OIL PRESSING

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

180000

Parameters

Mg/

l

Ramadan 50 384 2400 419

Gazi 200 1630 28000 2830

Bsmakah 1050 7080 32000 9610

Ain Kbira 900 5720 51200 9880

Almaruf 60 705 2400 920

Alnukbeh 1000 3650 32000 5740

Abou Hazeh1 700 13000 159000 8000

Abou Hazeh2 600 2100 2400 1400

Cl TDS COD BOD

OIL PRESSING

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

Parameters

Mg/

l

Ramadan 0.1 25 40 2100 5 1780 147

Gazi 0 200 120 600 8 1500 426

Bsmakah 0 1500 1750 2600 10 2615 1076

Ain Kbira 0.8 2000 2250 750 10 5970 2500

Almaruf 0 25 140 530 4.5 2100 819

Alnukbeh 0.6 500 600 2500 10 1800 1370

Abou Hazeh1 0.8 1400 1200 650 18 2100 1370

Abou Hazeh2 0.1 23 200 220 6 1080 120

Oil Po4 N-NH4 So4 S Tss SS


AS1-10

Canning Factories

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Parameters

Mg/

l

Al Reef Company 0 1.5 3 150 0.17 129 20

Bassam for Tomato 0 0.1 0.39 65 0 0 0


Canning Factories

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

Parameters

Mg/

l

Al Reef Company 50 840 1766 20

Bassam for Tomato 120 470 80 30

Cl TDS COD BOD


AS1-11

1.2.3 Paper Factory

Company Name Location Sample

Abdlatif badinkji factory Aleppo 1

DEZ Paper Factory Deir EZ Zor 1 Alnuameh Company for Carton Darra 1

Water quality item Standard Unit Paper factory

1 Temperature T 35 °C ○ 2 Hydrogen No. pH 6.5–9.5 - ○ 3 Precipitable Soil Materials SS 10 mg/L ○ 4 Total of Suspended Particles TSS 500 mg/L ○ 5 Sulfide S 2 mg/L ○ 6 Sulfate SO4 1,000 mg/L ○ 7 Ammonia,/Ammonium NH4-N,NH3-N 100 mg/L ○ 8 Phospate PO4 20 mg/L ○ 9 Saponifiable oils and grease and resinous materials - 100 mg/L ○

10 Metallic oil and grease - 10 mg/L ○ 11 Boron B 1.0 mg/L ○ 12 Cadmium Cd 0.1 mg/L ○ 13 Cr6+ Cr 0.1 mg/L ○ 14 Calcic Chromium Cr 2.0 mg/L ○ 15 Copper Cu 0.1 mg/L ○ 16 Lead Pb 0.1 mg/L ○ 17 Mercury Hg 0.01 mg/L ○ 18 Nickel Ni 2.0 mg/L ○ 19 Selenium Se 1.0 mg/L ○ 20 Zinc Zn 4.0 mg/L ○ 21 Cyanide CN 0.5 mg/L ○ 22 Arsenic As 0.1 mg/L ○ 23 BOD BOD 800 mg/L ○ 24 COD COD 1,600 mg/L ○ 25 TDS TDS 2,000 mg/L ○ 26 Chloride Cl 600 mg/L ○ 27 Fluoride F 8.0 mg/L ○ 28 Pesticides - 0.005 mg/L 29 Algonac Organic Compounds AOX 0.1 mg/L ○ * Barium Ba 3.0 mg/L * * Silver Ag 1.0 mg/L * * Phenol Compounds - 2.0 mg/L * * Detergents ABS 5 mg/L *




AS1-12


AS1-13

Paper Factories

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Parameters

Mg/

l

Abdlatif badinkji factory 0 710 344 250 50 0 0.01 0.07 0.008

DEZ Paper Factory 0 142 510 15.6 8 2.8 0 24.2 122

F Cl TDS COD BOD As CN Zn Ni

Paper Factory

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Parameter

Mg/

l

Abdlatif badinkji factory 0.004 0.002 0.09 0 1.2 0 50 2 120 1.1 564 54

DEZ Paper Factory 9.06 445 589 0.79 0 0 2.2 1.25 210 0.1 0 0

Pb Cu Cr Cd B Oil Po4 N-NH4 So4 S Tss SS


AS1-14

1.2.4 Food factory


Somar Canning Factory for Meat R Damascus 1

Al Shark Cheese Company R Damascus 1 General Co. for meat Damascus Damascus 1

Damascus Yeast Factory R Damascus 2

Syrian-Saudi Arabia company R Damascus 1

Flour Milk (Gohta) R Damascus 1

Barada Company For Beer R Damascus 1

Arab company for Alcohol Production Al Swedah 1 General Company for meat Al-Hassakeh Al Hassakeh 1

General Company for meat Al-Raqah Al Raqah 1

Water quality item Standard Unit Food factory

1 Temperature T 35 °C ○ 2 Hydrogen No. pH 6.5–9.5 - ○ 3 Precipitable Soil Materials SS 10 mg/L ○ 4 Total of Suspended Particles TSS 500 mg/L ○ 5 Sulfide S 2 mg/L ○ 6 Sulfate SO4 1,000 mg/L ○ 7 Ammonia,/Ammonium NH4-N,NH3-N 100 mg/L ○ 8 Phospate PO4 20 mg/L ○

9 Saponifiable oils and grease and resinous materials - 100 mg/L ○

10 Metallic oil and grease - 10 mg/L ○ 11 Boron B 1.0 mg/L 12 Cadmium Cd 0.1 mg/L 13 Cr6+ Cr 0.1 mg/L 14 Calcic Chromium Cr 2.0 mg/L 15 Copper Cu 0.1 mg/L 16 Lead Pb 0.1 mg/L 17 Mercury Hg 0.01 mg/L 18 Nickel Ni 2.0 mg/L 19 Selenium Se 1.0 mg/L 20 Zinc Zn 4.0 mg/L 21 Cyanide CN 0.5 mg/L 22 Arsenic As 0.1 mg/L 23 BOD BOD 800 mg/L ○


AS1-15

24 COD COD 1,600 mg/L ○ 25 TDS TDS 2,000 mg/L ○ 26 Chloride Cl 600 mg/L ○ 27 Fluoride F 8.0 mg/L 28 Pesticides - 0.005 mg/L 29 Algonac Organic Compounds AOX 0.1 mg/L * Barium Ba 3.0 mg/L * Silver Ag 1.0 mg/L * Phenol Compounds - 2.0 mg/L * Detergents ABS 5 mg/L * Note: “Standard” is the standards for industrial wastewater discharged into sewerage network,

○：Selected analysis water quality item *: If analysis is possible in Syria, these items will be considered as additional analysis items


AS1-16


AS1-17

(1) Yeast Factory

Yeast Factory

2150

10419

9600

540

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

Cl TDS COD BOD

Parameters

Mg/

l

Yeast Factory

Yeast Factory

0.3 5

75

600

2.5

660

20

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700


Parameters

Mg/

l

Yeast Factory


AS1-18

(2) Slaughterhouse Factories: Meat Company

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

Parameters

Mg/

l

Arakkah Meat Co. 135 860 1200 520

Al-Hasakeh 159.7 902 560 260

Cl TDS COD BOD

Slaughterhouse - General Company for meat

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

Parameters

Mg/

l

General Company for meat 250 979.5 9600 2000

Cl TDS COD BOD

Slaughterhouse

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Parameters

Mg/

l

General Company for meat 48.9 2.5 2.5 120 0.12 146 6

Po4 N-NH4 So4 S Tss SS


AS1-19

(3) Beer/ Alcohol Factories

Barada

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

Parameters

Mg/

l

Barada 50 828 7448 13400

Cl TDS COD BOD

Barada

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

Parameters

Mg/

l

Barada 0.8 20 17.5 60 1.8 311.6 29



AS1-20

Arab company for Alcohol Production

0

50

100

150

200

250

Parameters

mg/

l

Arab company for Alcohol Production 28.4 212 40 22

Cl TDS COD BOD

Arab Company for Alcohol

0

5

10

15

20

25

Parameters

Mg/

l

Arab Company for Alcohol 0 0.11 0.3 0 0 20 0.1



AS1-21

(4) Dairy & Cheese Products Factory:

Al Shark Cheese Company

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Parameters

Mg/

l

Al Shark Cheese Company 250 1378 1920 400

F Cl TDS COD

Al Shark Cheese Company

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Parameters

Mg/

l

Al Shark Cheese Company 48.9 2.5 2.5 120 0.12 146 6



AS1-22

(5) Flour Milk Factory:

Gotha

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

Parameters

Mg/

l

Gotha 0.3 20 20 360 1.2 465 52


Gohta

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Parameters

Mg/

l

Gohta 80 450 2688 1600

Cl TDS COD BOD


AS1-23

1.2.5 Other Factories (1) Tannery factory

Company Name Location Sample General Tannery Company Damascus 3

Dnno Tannery factory Damascus 1 Assi Tanerry Damascus 1 Twailaty Tanerry Damascus 1

Water quality item Standard Unit Tannery

1 Temperature T 35 °C ○ 2 Hydrogen No. pH 6.5–9.5 - ○ 3 Precipitable Soil Materials SS 10 mg/L ○ 4 Total of Suspended Particles TSS 500 mg/L ○ 5 Sulfide S 2 mg/L ○ 6 Sulfate SO4 1,000 mg/L ○ 7 Ammonia,/Ammonium NH4-N,NH3-N 100 mg/L ○ 8 Phospate PO4 20 mg/L ○ 9 Saponifiable oils and grease and resinous materials - 100 mg/L ○ 10 Metallic oil and grease - 10 mg/L ○ 11 Boron B 1.0 mg/L ○ 12 Cadmium Cd 0.1 mg/L ○ 13 Cr6+ Cr 0.1 mg/L ○ 14 Calcic Chromium Cr 2.0 mg/L ○ 15 Copper Cu 0.1 mg/L ○ 16 Lead Pb 0.1 mg/L ○ 17 Mercury Hg 0.01 mg/L ○ 18 Nickel Ni 2.0 mg/L ○ 19 Selenium Se 1.0 mg/L ○ 20 Zinc Zn 4.0 mg/L ○ 21 Cyanide CN 0.5 mg/L ○ 22 Arsenic As 0.1 mg/L ○ 23 BOD BOD 800 mg/L ○ 24 COD COD 1,600 mg/L ○ 25 TDS TDS 2,000 mg/L ○ 26 Chloride Cl 600 mg/L ○ 27 Fluoride F 8.0 mg/L ○ 28 Pesticides - 0.005 mg/L 29 Algonac Organic Compounds AOX 0.1 mg/L * Barium Ba 3.0 mg/L * * Silver Ag 1.0 mg/L * * Phenol Compounds - 2.0 mg/L * * Detergents ABS 5 mg/L *




AS1-24


AS1-25

Tannery

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

Mg/

l

General Tannery Company outlet 260 1780 2880 120

General Tannery Company Crom 19500 33500 8064 160

General Tannery Company Coloring 1400 8460 5760 450

Cl TDS COD BOD

Tannery

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Mg/

l

General Tannery Company outlet 0.001 0 0.005 0.04 0.002 0.11 0.002 5.75 0

General Tannery Company Crom 0.075 0 1.7 0.66 0 1.25 2.3 30 0.008

General Tannery Company Coloring 0.075 0 0.067 0.02 0.048 0.001 0 18 0.0001

As CN Zn Ni Hg Pb Cu Cr Cd


AS1-26

(2) Textile factory


General Company for Carpet production Damascus 1 Arabian United Co. for Industry DUBS Damascus 1 Modern Industries Corporation Damascus 1

Water quality item Standard Unit Textile / Clothing


10 Metallic oil and grease - 10 mg/L ○ 11 Boron B 1.0 mg/L ○ 12 Cadmium Cd 0.1 mg/L ○ 13 Cr6+ Cr 0.1 mg/L ○ 14 Calcic Chromium Cr 2.0 mg/L ○ 15 Copper Cu 0.1 mg/L ○ 16 Lead Pb 0.1 mg/L ○ 17 Mercury Hg 0.01 mg/L ○ 18 Nickel Ni 2.0 mg/L ○ 19 Selenium Se 1.0 mg/L ○ 20 Zinc Zn 4.0 mg/L ○ 21 Cyanide CN 0.5 mg/L ○ 22 Arsenic As 0.1 mg/L ○ 23 BOD BOD 800 mg/L ○ 24 COD COD 1,600 mg/L ○ 25 TDS TDS 2,000 mg/L ○ 26 Chloride Cl 600 mg/L ○ 27 Fluoride F 8.0 mg/L ○ 28 Pesticides - 0.005 mg/L

29 Algonac Organic Compounds AOX 0.1 mg/L

* Barium Ba 3.0 mg/L *

* Silver Ag 1.0 mg/L *

* Phenol Compounds - 2.0 mg/L *

* Detergents ABS 5 mg/L * Note: “Standard” is the standards for industrial wastewater discharged into sewerage network, ○：Selected analysis water quality item



AS1-27


AS1-28

Textil Industry

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

Parameters

Mg/

l

Carpet 0 0.01 0.3 0.001 0 0.001 0.007 0.009 0 2.1

DUBS 0 0 0.15 0.005 0.104 0.007 0.11 0.012 0 2.5

Modern Ind. 0 0.01 0.11 0.06 0.003 0.005 0.005 0 0 0.2

As CN Zn Ni Hg Pb Cu Cr Cd B

Textil Industries

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

Parameters

Mg/

l

Carpet 750 1488 7296 340

DUBS 500 2145 1920 460

Modern Industry 1250 4381 1568 40

Cl TDS COD BOD


AS1-29

(3) Painting factory:


Ahmed Burguly R Damascus 1 Jobico R Damascus 1

Alazmeh for Panting R Damascus 1

Water quality item Standard Unit Painting










AS1-30


AS1-31

Paiting Factories

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

Parameters

Mg/

l

Burguly 150 775 5760 500

Jobico 100 390 3456 350

Alazmeh 340 139.2 1113 70

Cl TDS COD BOD

Painting Company

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Parameters

Mg/

l

Burguly 145 87.5 60 70 0.3 533 30

Jbico 42.4 25 25 5 0.18 76 2

Alazmeh 65.1 20 3.75 360 0.75 201 41



AS1-32

(4) Electroplating factory:


Dia Kuzbari R Damascus 1 Mohamed Hawasli R Damascus 1 Tecani for Elect R Damascus 1

Water quality item Standard Unit Electroplating

1 Temperature T 35 °C ○ 2 Hydrogen No. pH 6.5–9.5 - ○ 3 Precipitable Soil Materials SS 10 mg/L ○ 4 Total of Suspended Particles TSS 500 mg/L ○ 5 Sulfide S 2 mg/L ○ 6 Sulfate SO4 1,000 mg/L ○ 7 Ammonia,/Ammonium NH4-N,NH3-N 100 mg/L ○ 8 Phospate PO4 20 mg/L ○ 9 Saponifiable oils and grease and resinous materials - 100 mg/L ○ 10 Metallic oil and grease - 10 mg/L ○ 11 Boron B 1.0 mg/L ○ 12 Cadmium Cd 0.1 mg/L ○ 13 Cr6+ Cr 0.1 mg/L ○ 14 Calcic Chromium Cr 2.0 mg/L ○ 15 Copper Cu 0.1 mg/L ○ 16 Lead Pb 0.1 mg/L ○ 17 Mercury Hg 0.01 mg/L ○ 18 Nickel Ni 2.0 mg/L ○ 19 Selenium Se 1.0 mg/L ○ 20 Zinc Zn 4.0 mg/L ○ 21 Cyanide CN 0.5 mg/L ○ 22 Arsenic As 0.1 mg/L ○ 23 BOD BOD 800 mg/L ○ 24 COD COD 1,600 mg/L ○ 25 TDS TDS 2,000 mg/L ○ 26 Chloride Cl 600 mg/L ○ 27 Fluoride F 8.0 mg/L ○ 28 Pesticides - 0.005 mg/L








AS1-33


AS1-34

Electroploting Companies

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

Parameters

Mg/

l

Dia Kuzbary 0.7 100 886.6 8640 130

Mohamed Hawasli 3.2 540 4704 40

Tecani 0.7 200 1103.4 784 200

F Cl TDS COD BOD

Electroplating

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Parameters

Mg/

l

Dia Kuzbari 0 0.01 0.8 3.77 0 0.031 0.3 0.02

Mohamed Hawasli 0 0.01 83 36.6 0 0.01 6 7.4

Tecani for Elect 0 0 0.17 252.7 0 0.25 0.3 0.187

As CN Zn Ni Hg Pb Cu Cr


AS1-35

Electroplating

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

Parametrs

Mg/

l

Dia Kuzbari 0 4 1 800 1.4 129 10

Mohamed Hawasli 0 5 70 125 0.025 31 12

Tecani for Elect 0 0.2 2.5 130 1.8 104 2



AS1-36

(5) Oil refinery factory:


Banias Oil Refinery Tartous 1 ALAQSA for OIL R Damascus 1 Hager For Oil R Damascus 1

Water quality item Standard Unit Oil refinery










AS1-37


AS1-38

OIL REFINERY

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

Parametres

Mg/

l

Banias Oil Refinery 155 1960 720 130

ALAQSA for OIL 8000 5484 18048 1200

Hager For Oil 750 20500 11412 400

Cl TDS COD BOD

OIL REFINERY

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Parametrs

Mg/

l

Banias Oil Refinery 4.5 0 0 0.37 0 0 0 0 0.001 1

ALAQSA for OIL 0.003 0.01 0.3 0.11 0 0.008 0 0.08 0 0

Hager For Oil 0.006 0 78 1.33 0 0.81 0.01 0.718 0.0005 2.9



AS1-39

OIL REFINERY

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Parametrs

Mg/

l

Banias Oil Refinery 0 0.01 8 94 0.1 53 8

ALAQSA for OIL 0.8 10 25 120 0.7 423 16

Hager For Oil 37.7 200 125 350 1.8 1110 90



AS1-40

(6) Pharmaceutical factory:


Albahri Company R Damascus 1 Tamico R Damascus 1 Domina Company R Damascus 1

Water quality item Standard Unit pharmaceutical










AS1-41


AS1-42

Pharmaceutical

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

Parameters

Mg/

l

Albahri Company 90 659 1684 140

Tamico 200 1004.8 6468 380

Domina Company 100 729 357 60

Cl TDS COD BOD

Pharmaceutical

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

Parameters

Mg/

l

Albahri Company 0 0.01 0.51 0.19 0 0.006 0.001 0.05 0.001 2.6

Tamico 0 0 0.044 0.004 0 0.003 0.004 0 0.007 0.8

Domina Company 0 0 0.09 0.05 0 0.002 0.001 0 0.002 0.3



AS1-43

Pharmaceutical

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

Parameters

Mg/

l

Albahri Company 0.5 6 5 11 0.47 389 38

Tamico 38.9 1.25 6 69 0.6 39.2 17

Domina Company 0 0.2 2.5 150 0.06 14 0.1



AS1-44

(7) Aluminum factory:


Madar For Aluminum R Damascus 1 Amoura For Aluminum R Damascus 2 General Company for Aluminum Lattakia 1

Water quality item Standard Unit Aluminum

1 Temperature T 35 °C ○ 2 Hydrogen No. pH 6.5–9.5 - ○ 3 Precipitable Soil Materials SS 10 mg/L ○ 4 Total of Suspended Particles TSS 500 mg/L ○ 5 Sulfide S 2 mg/L ○ 6 Sulfate SO4 1,000 mg/L ○ 7 Ammonia,/Ammonium NH4-N,NH3-N 100 mg/L ○ 8 Phospate PO4 20 mg/L ○ 9 Saponifiable oils and grease and resinous

materials - 100 mg/L ○ 10 Metallic oil and grease - 10 mg/L ○ 11 Boron B 1.0 mg/L ○ 12 Cadmium Cd 0.1 mg/L ○ 13 Cr6+ Cr 0.1 mg/L ○ 14 Calcic Chromium Cr 2.0 mg/L ○ 15 Copper Cu 0.1 mg/L ○ 16 Lead Pb 0.1 mg/L ○ 17 Mercury Hg 0.01 mg/L ○ 18 Nickel Ni 2.0 mg/L ○ 19 Selenium Se 1.0 mg/L ○ 20 Zinc Zn 4.0 mg/L ○ 21 Cyanide CN 0.5 mg/L ○ 22 Arsenic As 0.1 mg/L ○ 23 BOD BOD 800 mg/L ○ 24 COD COD 1,600 mg/L ○ 25 TDS TDS 2,000 mg/L ○ 26 Chloride Cl 600 mg/L ○ 27 Fluoride F 8.0 mg/L ○ 28 Pesticides - 0.005 mg/L








AS1-45


AS1-46

ALUMINUM

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

Parameters

Mg/

l

Madar 75 5251 768 100

Amoura For Alaminum 95 8100 98 40

General Company for Aluminum 30 905 150 40

Cl TDS COD BOD

ALUMINUM

0

5

10

15

20

25

Parameters

Mg/

l

Madar 0 0 0.16 21 0.008 0.06 0.01 0.58 0.0006 0.3

Amoura For Alaminum 0 0 0.41 0.71 3.96 0.016 0.2 0.04 0.0001 11.7

General Company for Aluminum 2 0 0 0.002 0.07 0 0 0 0.004 1.2



AS1-47

ALUMINUM

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

Parameters

Mg/

l

Madar 54.2 0.2 50 18000 1.2 352 10

Amoura For Alaminum 0 0.1 120 9500 0.013 10800 750

General Company for Aluminum 0 0.01 0.56 700 0.8 320 50



AS1-48

(8) Battery factory:


Damascus Factory for Battery R Damascus 1

Water quality item Standard Unit Battery



10 Metallic oil and grease - 10 mg/L ○ 11 Boron B 1.0 mg/L ○ 12 Cadmium Cd 0.1 mg/L ○ 13 Cr6+ Cr 0.1 mg/L ○ 14 Calcic Chromium Cr 2.0 mg/L ○ 15 Copper Cu 0.1 mg/L ○ 16 Lead Pb 0.1 mg/L ○ 17 Mercury Hg 0.01 mg/L ○ 18 Nickel Ni 2.0 mg/L ○ 19 Selenium Se 1.0 mg/L ○ 20 Zinc Zn 4.0 mg/L ○ 21 Cyanide CN 0.5 mg/L ○ 22 Arsenic As 0.1 mg/L ○ 23 BOD BOD 800 mg/L ○ 24 COD COD 1,600 mg/L ○ 25 TDS TDS 2,000 mg/L ○ 26 Chloride Cl 600 mg/L ○ 27 Fluoride F 8.0 mg/L ○ 28 Pesticides - 0.005 mg/L 29 Algonac Organic Compounds AOX 0.1 mg/L * Barium Ba 3.0 mg/L * * Silver Ag 1.0 mg/L * * Phenol Compounds - 2.0 mg/L * * Detergents ABS 5 mg/L *




AS1-49


AS1-50

Damascus Factory for Battery

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

Parameters

Mg/

l

Damascus Factory for Battery 850 1554 2744 40

Cl TDS COD BOD

Damascus Factory for Battery

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Parameters

Mg/

l

Damascus Factory for Battery 0 0.01 92 0.014 0 0.009 0.008 0.07 0 1.8



AS1-51

Battery

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Parameters

Mg/

l

Battery 64 0.5 27 160 1.2 146.3 10



AS1-52

(9) Fertilizer &Agricultural Chemicals factory


Sabag for chemicals R Damascus 1 Sabag for Pesticide R Damascus 1 Azot Fertilizer Factory Homs 5

Water quality item Standard Unit Fertilizer

&Agricultural Chemicals

1 Temperature T 35 °C ○ 2 Hydrogen No. pH 6.5–9.5 - ○ 3 Precipitable Soil Materials SS 10 mg/L ○ 4 Total of Suspended Particles TSS 500 mg/L ○ 5 Sulfide S 2 mg/L ○ 6 Sulfate SO4 1,000 mg/L ○ 7 Ammonia,/Ammonium NH4-N,NH3-N 100 mg/L ○ 8 Phospate PO4 20 mg/L ○ 9 Saponifiable oils and grease and resinous

materials - 100 mg/L ○ 10 Metallic oil and grease - 10 mg/L ○ 11 Boron B 1.0 mg/L ○ 12 Cadmium Cd 0.1 mg/L ○ 13 Cr6+ Cr 0.1 mg/L ○ 14 Calcic Chromium Cr 2.0 mg/L ○ 15 Copper Cu 0.1 mg/L ○ 16 Lead Pb 0.1 mg/L ○ 17 Mercury Hg 0.01 mg/L ○ 18 Nickel Ni 2.0 mg/L ○ 19 Selenium Se 1.0 mg/L ○ 20 Zinc Zn 4.0 mg/L ○ 21 Cyanide CN 0.5 mg/L ○ 22 Arsenic As 0.1 mg/L ○ 23 BOD BOD 800 mg/L ○ 24 COD COD 1,600 mg/L ○ 25 TDS TDS 2,000 mg/L ○ 26 Chloride Cl 600 mg/L ○ 27 Fluoride F 8.0 mg/L ○ 28 Pesticides - 0.005 mg/L 29 Algonac Organic Compounds AOX 0.1 mg/L * Barium Ba 3.0 mg/L * * Silver Ag 1.0 mg/L * * Phenol Compounds - 2.0 mg/L * * Detergents ABS 5 mg/L *




AS1-53


AS1-54

FERTILIZER

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Parameters

Mg/

l

Azot Fertilizer Factory1 50 298 16 8 2.3




Cl TDS COD BOD As

Chemicales & Pesticide

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

Parameters

Mg/

l

Sabag for chemicals 200 886 2880 500

Sabag Company for Pesticide 50 349 1176 40

Cl TDS COD BOD


AS1-55

FERTILIZER

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

Parameters

Mg/

l

Azot Fertilizer Factory1 0 0.53 0.73 48 0.3 19 2

Azot Fertilizer Factory2 0 10.4 2.6 95 0.8 67 8

Azot Fertilizer Factory3 0.6 1.25 70.8 425 0.4 118 15

Azot Fertilizer Factory4 0.2 0.8 94.3 125 0.1 74 12


Chemicals & Pesticide

0

50

100

150

200

250

Parameters

Mg/

l

Sabag for chemicals 0.01 19.5 75 200 0.8 138.6 20

Sabag Company for Pesticide 0.8 0.2 1.5 150 0.3 30 12



AS1-56

(10) Soap / detergent factory:

Company Name Location Sample Madar for Detergent R Damascus 1 Al- Hayatt R Damascus 1 General Co. For Chemical Detergents SAR R Damascus 1

Hamdan and Ghaleb R Damascus 1

Water quality item Standard Unit Soap / detergent



10 Metallic oil and grease - 10 mg/L ○ 11 Boron B 1.0 mg/L ○ 12 Cadmium Cd 0.1 mg/L ○ 13 Cr6+ Cr 0.1 mg/L ○ 14 Calcic Chromium Cr 2.0 mg/L ○ 15 Copper Cu 0.1 mg/L ○ 16 Lead Pb 0.1 mg/L ○ 17 Mercury Hg 0.01 mg/L ○ 18 Nickel Ni 2.0 mg/L ○ 19 Selenium Se 1.0 mg/L ○ 20 Zinc Zn 4.0 mg/L ○ 21 Cyanide CN 0.5 mg/L ○ 22 Arsenic As 0.1 mg/L ○ 23 BOD BOD 800 mg/L ○ 24 COD COD 1,600 mg/L ○ 25 TDS TDS 2,000 mg/L ○ 26 Chloride Cl 600 mg/L ○ 27 Fluoride F 8.0 mg/L ○ 28 Pesticides - 0.005 mg/L 29 Algonac Organic Compounds AOX 0.1 mg/L * Barium Ba 3.0 mg/L * * Silver Ag 1.0 mg/L * * Phenol Compounds - 2.0 mg/L * * Detergents ABS 5 mg/L *




AS1-57


AS1-58

SOAP / DETERGENT

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

Parameters

Mg/

l

Madar Company for Detergent 350 2890 1536 470

Al- Hayatt 900 2540 1176 100

General Co. For Chemical Detergents SAR 20 1804 11460 320

Hamdan and Ghaleb 200 2694 980 400

Cl TDS COD BOD

SOAP / DETERGENT

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Parameters

Mg/

l

Madar Company for Detergent 0 0 0.016 0.11 0.019 0.002 0.017 0.7 0.006 9.1

Al- Hayatt 0.022 0 0.018 0.07 0 0.001 0.004 0.001 0.007 0.5

General Co. For Chemical Detergents SAR 0 0 0.21 0.1 0.46 0.001 0.006 0.05 0.0002 0.9

Hamdan and Ghaleb 0.024 0 0.07 0.004 0.048 0 0.002 0 0.003 0.6



AS1-59

SOAP / DETERGENT

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

Parameters

Mg/

l

Madar Company for Detergent 0.2 400 15 650 0.6 185 30

Al- Hayatt 0 0.1 4 500 0.3 10.5 71

General Co. For Chemical Detergents SAR 0.1 200 2.5 500 2.3 4373 15

Hamdan and Ghaleb 0 0.2 1.7 25 0.11 217 10



AS1-60

1.3 Conclusion The olive pressing sector in Syria consists of small olive processing factories. The factories are concentrated in the governorate where olive groves are located. The liquid waste of the olive pressing factories is a primary reason for groundwater pollution in these areas. The Directorate for Environmental Affaires in Lattakia reported that the liquid waste of the olive pressing factories is the reason for non-use of some surface water resources, like Difeh, a spring water source. The current solution for liquid waste problem of the olive oil pressing factories is to collect it in an open tank at the site and evaporate the liquid to dryness in drying beds. It is recommended in Law No. 50, that each olive factory construct a WWTP to treat their wastewater. Under the current economic circumstances, it is not viable (economical) to establish a WWTP at each factory especially if the factory is very small. A strategy for marginal small olive pressing factories is to merge together in a single large cooperative olive processing factory with a single WWTP to solve the wastewater problem for the olive oil sector, thereby making it viable for all former small factories owners to remain in business. The analytical results of the liquid waste analyses of the monitored olive oil pressing factory in Tartous and Darra are similar to all small olive processing factories, as can be seen in the Diagrams. The wastewater quality for the two canning factories is similar except for COD and Tss, which are higher in concentration in the factory Al Rif than in canning factory in Darra. Paper Factory Type The analytical results of wastewater samples taken from the respective paper factories show a great variation between each others in the BOD, TDS, BOD The wastewater analyses from the Deir Ez Zor Paper Factory do not show a big variance from the required standard. The Deir Ez Zor Paper Factory has a WWTP, which recovers the cellulose and returns the material to the factory for reprocessing. The treated wastewater from this facility is discharged to a 3 km open channel that flows through the City of AlHusainieh to the Euphrates River.

Food Factory Type Food Factories are an important industrial sector in Syria, it consist of many small factories, located in many cities and rural areas across the Country. The challenge it to control the process wastewater and its treatment to meet Law No. 50; and how WWTPs can be financed these small and/or old food factories. A comparison between these food factory groups with respect to BOD and COD are illustrated in the Diagrams. Other Type of Factory This category includes several types of factories referred to as sub-types; i.e., the tannery


AS1-61

factory, the textile industry and others. Regarding the tannery factory the ministry of Housing and Constriction in cooperation with the Ministry of Local Administration and Environment has made a decision to use an Iranian grant to support moving 200 tannery factories in Damascus to rural areas outside of the City.

Tannery Factories: Results of the wastewater analyses from the tannery factories are similar to each other; all having a big variation with the required standard. Diagrams show the analyses Results.

Textile Industries: In general the sub-type textile industries are one of the highest polluting factory-types in the Country. The main environmental impacts generated by the cotton textile industry in Syria are: (1) aqueous effluents, (2) contaminated land, (3) waste generation, and (4) overuse of non-renewable resources. The primary overused resource is water. Textile production requires a huge amount of water for:

1. irrigation first, 2. the ginning, and 3. dyeing processes.

The impact on soil is high; its degradation is mainly due to overuse of pesticides and contaminated aqueous effluents. The stakeholders have an intellectual grasp of the environmental impacts of the Syrian textile industry. However, the impact of their activities and the subsequent environmental degradation is not recognized as to its full impact. Furthermore, the legal framework, as well as its enforcement, does not provide enough incentives and/or constraints for mitigating those impacts. Not only is Damascus and Damasks rural soil and groundwater impacted (polluted) by the textile industries; but also Deir Ez Zor is impacted from the textile factory wastewater being discharged to the open land. Diagrams show the analytical results of the monitored Factories, in which the high value of the COD and TDS are to be seen. Many of the monitored factories are located in the areas of Hoshbals and Shnaiah; these factories use water well and discharge their wastewater to an open channel that flows through populated areas and agricultural areas. The incorrect dimension of the channel and an insufficient sewerage net, results in a high water level in the wastewater channel which harm the inhabitants surrounding the channel and polluted the agriculture lands of the area. Chemicals (pharmaceutical) factories: The monitored Chemicals (pharmaceutical) factories: are similar to all small pharmaceutical factories, as can be seen in the Diagrams except for COD and, which are higher in concentration in the factory Tamico


AS1-62

Soap/Detergent factories: The analytical results of wastewater samples taken from the respective Soap/Detergent factories show a great variation between each others in the BOD, TDS, BOD The wastewater analyses are illustrated in the Diagrams. In general most of the monitored factories having a big variation in the COD, TSD with the required standard, other Factories having a variation in the tress element with the required standard, especially the Oil refinery factory and Electroplating/Coating and Tannery having a big variation in Ni, Cu and Cr.. Etc. . The reasons for this variation with the Standard are: (i) ineffective production management system and insufficient of the chemical within the production chain, (ii) the absence of waste water treatment plant.


AS2-1

Appendix 2

Domestic Wastewater Quality Survey


AS2-2

1.1 Technical Specifications 1.1.1 General Specification The JICA Study Team (herein after “the Study Team”) headed by Hirofumi Sano has been dispatched by Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) to the Syrian Arab Republic to conduct the Study on Sewerage System Development (herein after “the Study”) for improving the water quality of public water body. The Study is intended to formulate the Master Plan for the designated areas of seven governorates, and carry out a feasibility study with a focus on one area. Under the Study, data for basic inputs e.g., wastewater quality and flow conditions need to be generated. This work is proposed to be sub-contracted to a local agency (herein after ‘The Contractor’) which has the required expertise and infrastructure facilities. This document provides the Technical Specifications for the proposed work. The key aspects are listed below:

a. Sewage discharge: sampling and analysis of discharged waste water at the two (2) sewage discharges in the two (2) cities/towns.

b. Measurement of flow rates and survey of flow sections, at the two (2) sewage discharges in the two (2) cities/towns.

5.1.2 Scope of Work Sampling, water quality analysis and flow measurement will be conducted to figure out the present wastewater condition in the two discharges. (1) Survey Location and Number The samples of wastewater shall be collected at discharge point at city/town. The approximate location, the number of samples to be collected, and the number of flow measurements are as shown in Table 1. Exact locations will be instructed by the Study Team during the filed work. Table 1 Survey Locations and Number

City Location of Discharge

Number of Discharge

Working Hours (hr)

Number of Sampling

Number of Analysis

Number of Flow Measurement

Mayadeen Euphrates River 1 9 4 4 10

Banias Coast of city center 1 9 4 1 *1 10

Total 2 8 5 20 *1: Water quality analysis for the Banias shall be conducted by four composite samples.

(2) Method of Sampling

For the case of Mayadeen City Independent samples at one (1) discharge shall be collected every 3 hours, totally nine (9) times on a survey, staring at 9：30 am until 6:30 pm for 9 hrs.

Number of Times Sampling Time 1 9:30 2 12:30 3 15:30 4 18:30


AS2-3

For the case of Banias

Composite sample at one (1) discharge shall be collected every 3 hours, four (4) times on survey, staring at 9：30 am until 6:30 pm for 9 hrs.

number of times Sampling time 1 9:30 2 12:30 3 15:30 4 18:30

Sampling shall be done by the Contactor during a fine weather day, at least three days after rainy

day. (3) Water Quality Parameters of Interest The water quality parameters to be analyzed are listed below in Table 2.

Table 2 Water Quality Parameters to be Analysis Physical Temperature, SS

Chemical BOD5, CODcr, T-N, T-P

Biological Total Coliform

The samples shall be collected, transferred and preserved as per the procedure recommended for each specific parameter under relevant sections of “Standard Methods for the Examination of Wastewater” published by APHA (American Public Health Association), or AWWA (American Water Works Association) or equivalent. The Contractor shall make complete arrangements for provision of necessary reagents, equipment, instruments etc. No deviation from standard practice shall be entertained. If it is found otherwise, the Contractor shall be liable to carry out fresh sampling/analysis at his own cost. Regarding to the water analysis for Banias, sewage quality analysis shall be conducted by the composite sample of four samplings. (4) Flow Measurement

For the case of Mayadeen city The flow at one (1) discharge shall be measured every hour, totally ten (10) times on a survey, starting at 9:30 am, until 6:30 pm.

For the case of Banias The flow at one (1) discharge shall be measured every hour, ten (10) times on a survey, starting at 9:30, until 6:30 pm.

The flow shall be measured by the method using electromagnetic flow meter, if flow meter is not available, measured by installing an appropriate weir in the respective channels.


AS2-4

(5) Condition of Work Sampling, analysis and flow measurement shall be done by the Contractor. All the equipment required for the survey shall be provided by the Contractor. (6) Reports and Data to be submitted Before initiating the field survey, the Contractor shall submit a survey plan including schedule of sampling, list of equipment, reporting and deployment of engineers/chemists and supporting staff to the site. The Contractor shall submit three (3) copies of the Report. The report shall include, but not limited to, the following:

1) Report including results of water quality analyses and flow measurements 2) Description of the conditions at the time of sampling and justification for any abnormally

high or low values 3) Digital data (MS Excel format data of analyzed results) 4) Backup data especially pertaining to sampling time, place and date, analysis and flow

measurement methods; and 5) Photographs of sampling in the fields and analyses in laboratory.

It shall be noted that the quality of the measured data is of paramount concern and therefore, the Contractor shall pay special attention to quality assurance of the reports and data that will be submitted to the Study Team and shall provide explanation for observed discrepancies, if any. (7) Time Schedule The Services shall be commenced on 10th June, 2007 as per the following schedule given in Table 3, and shall be completed within forty (40) days, i.e. by 19th July. The first round of sampling and analysis shall be completed by 20th June, and reported on 21st June as the Progress Report.

Table 3 Schedule of Sampling Items May, 2007 Jun, 2007 July, 2007

Commencement of works

1st Sampling and flow measurement at Mayadeen

Water quality analysis And Reporting

Submission of Progress Report

2nd Sampling and flow measurement at Banias

Water quality analysis And Reporting

Submission of Draft Report

Submission of Final Report


AS2-5

1.1.3 Contract Price (1) Total Price of Agreement

Total Price = 4,500 US$ (2) Costs to be included in the Agreement Price

Costs for mobilization, demobilization, per diem allowance for the survey team and others required for execution of the survey are included in each sub-item.

Any taxes and charges are included in the agreement price. 1.2 Summary of the Result of Survey 1.2.1 Mayadin (1) Water Quality Analysis

City No. of Discharge No. of Sampling and Analysis

No. of Flow Measurement

Mayadin 1 4 10

Sampling Time Parameter Unit

09:30 12:30 15:30 18:30

Temperature °C 27.1 28.3 29.1 27.7 Physical

SS mg/l 585 562 530 455

BOD mg/l 297 285 234 333

COD mg/l 433.13 314.5 255.13 373.8

T-N mg/l 60 44 40 44 Chemical

T-P mg/l 3.0 3.8 3.5 3.0

Physical Total Colif. unit/100ml 3.106 15.106 18.106 120.106 (2) Flow Measurement

Flow Measurement (m3/day)

09:30 10:30 11:30 12:30 13:30 14:30 15:30 16:30 17:30 18:30

2,148 2,148 3,207 4,096 6,334 6,334 7,279 7,650 8,772 6,992

1.2.2 Banias (1) Water Quality Analysis

City No. of Discharge No. of Sampling No. of Analysis No. of Flow Measurement

Banias 1 4 1 10


AS2-6

Parameter Unit Result

Temperature °C 23 Physical

SS mg/l 125

BOD mg/l 206

COD mg/l 400

T-N mg/l 45

Chemical

T-P mg/l 6.5

Physical Total Colif. unit/100ml 3.106

(2) Flow Measurement

Flow Measurement (m3/day)

09:30 10:30 11:30 12:30 13:30 14:30 15:30 16:30 17:30 18:30

1,555.2 1,667.5 1,771.2 2,004.4 2,160.0 2,073.6 1,987.2 2,246.4 2,246.4 2,246.4


AS3-1

Appendix 3

Social Survey


AS3-2

1.1 Technical Specifications 1.1.1 General Specification This specification is prepared to implement the Social Survey for the Project of “The Study on Sewerage System Development in the Syrian Arab Republic” (hereinafter referred to as ‘the Work’). The Work should be executed and completed under the supervision of the Environmental Impacts Assessment and Social Relations Questionnaire Survey Expert in accordance with the specifications presented hereunder. The Work generally consists of the following tasks.

1) Finalization of the questionnaires based on questionnaires prepared by the JICA Study Team

2) Selection of target area and interviewees 3) Training of interviewers and preliminary survey 4) Questionnaire survey 5) General statistical analysis of the survey results 6) Preparation of survey report

(1) Objectives The main objective of the Work is to collect information and data useful for understanding the actual condition of sanitation, public awareness and Willingness-to-pay for sewerage tariff and irrigation tariff. (2) Survey Area The survey area will cover: (a) Zabadani, (b) Bludan, (c) Buqqein and Madaya, (d) downstream of Barada River in Rural Damascus Governorate. For each area, contractor is requested to collect an answer from the following number of respondent, at least or above of the following table.

Table 1 Minimum Number of Sample Size to be Collected at the Survey Area Number of Respondent Remarks

Zabadani 97 Bludan 11

Buqqein and Madaya 41 Downstream of Barada River 50 The interviewees should be the

farmers who have the farmland. Total 200

1.1.2 Technical Specifications The survey shall be made by questionnaires to targeting inhabitants in Zabadani area. The total number of questionnaires to be collected shall be at least 200.


AS3-3

The survey shall be carried out by direct interview using a questionnaire to be filled out by the interviewers. In order to optimize the survey, a few preliminary surveys shall be carried out before carrying out the full survey. The main survey items are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Major items of questionnaire Content Item

1. General information of interviewees Address, name, gender, age, the number of family members, occupation, education level, duration dwelling

2. Social-economic characteristics of interviewees

Housing ownership, average monthly income and expenditure of the household, breakdown of expenditure

3. General information of water supply Water source, monthly water consumption, opinion on water tariff

4. General information of sewerage system Destination of sewage, method of sewerage tariff payment, willingness-to-pay for sewerage tariff etc.

5. General information of health and hygiene

Situation of water-borne diseases etc.

6. General level of understanding on the environment

Attitude of environment issues and major pollution sources etc.

7. General information on irrigation and willingness-to-pay for irrigation tariff

Current situation of irrigation for farmland, willingness of irrigation tariff for using treated sewage etc.

Collected data and information shall be sorted using Microsoft Excel or equivalent, and analyzed for each questionnaire item. 1.1.3 Team Building for the Survey The Contractor shall organize some survey teams according to the schedule and area of the survey as well as the number of questionnaires. Each survey team shall be comprised of one team leader and adequate number of supporting staffs in order to complete the Work within the period specified. Female surveyor should be included in the team, in order to obtain an answer from female respondent. The team leader is required to have a background in environmental and social issues and good communication skill to carry out the above-mentioned tasks. 1.1.4 Time Frame The Work shall be finished within 30 days from the contract date. The Work schedule is presented in Table 2.

Table 2 Time schedule of the survey Days Work Items Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4

Preparation of the Work

Preliminary Survey

Questionnaire Survey

Reporting ▲ IC/R ▲

DF/R ▲

F/RIC/R: Inception Report, DF/R: Draft Final Report, F/R: Final Report


AS3-4

1.1.5 Deliverables The following deliverables of the Work shall be submitted to the JICA Study Team according to the schedules designated above. Information and data sources refereed for the Work shall be clearly described in the reports. (1) Inception Report Inception report describing the approach, methodology, team mobilization plan, and schedule to be applied to the Work shall be submitted to the JICA Study Team within one (1) week after signing of the contract. The questionnaire forms to be used in the field survey shall be annexed to the report. Principally the surveys shall be conducted based on this specifications prepared by the JICA Study Team. However, the Contractor shall propose additional and/or revised survey items and methodologies to the JICA Study Team from local expert’s viewpoints and discuss with the JICA Study Team on a survey plan to be prepared in the Inception Report prior to commencement of the Survey. (2) Draft Final Report Draft final report shall be submitted to the JICA Study Team, two (2) weeks before the termination of the contract.. (3) Final Report The final report shall be submitted to the JICA Study Team until the termination of the contract. The report shall be prepared through corrections, additions, and subtractions based on the comments issued in the meeting and discussions with the JICA Study Team for the draft final report. (4) Number of submissions

1) Two (2) sets of Inception Report in English. 2) Two (2) sets of Draft Final Report in English. 3) Three (3) sets of Final Report in English with one (1) set of CD-ROM including the full

contents of Final Report applying a mutually agreed software. 4) All the documents and data collected during the Work with a list. 5) Photos (taken by digital camera) showing field survey situation.


AS3-5

1.2 Summary of the Results of Survey A. Questions on general information of the household

A3 Gender

No %

Male 193 91.5

Female 18 8.5

Total 211 100.0

A3 Gender

91.5

8.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Male

Female

A3 Gender

Zabadani Bludan Buqqein & Madaya

Downstream of barada

river Total

No % No % No % No % No %

Male 92 91.1 11 73.3 43 95.6 47 94.0 193 91.5

Female 9 8.9 4 26.7 2 4.4 3 6.0 18 8.5

Total 101 100.0 15 100.0 45 100.0 50 100.0 211 100.0


AS3-6

A4 Age

No %

20-29 14 6.6

30-39 52 24.6

40-49 82 38.9

50-59 35 16.6

60-69 17 8.1

>70 8 3.8

Not reported 3 1.4

Total 211 100.0

A4 Age

6.6

24.6

38.9

16.6

8.13.8 1.4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

20-29

30-39

40-49

50-59

60-69

>70

Not reported

A4 Age



river Total


20-29 9 8.9 2 13.3 3 6.7 14 6.6 30-39 35 34.7 3 20.0 8 17.8 6 12.0 52 24.6

40-49 39 38.6 6 40.0 21 46.7 16 32.0 82 38.9

50-59 10 9.9 3 20.0 9 20.0 13 26.0 35 16.6

60-69 6 5.9 2 4.4 9 18.0 17 8.1

>70 2 4.4 6 12.0 8 3.8

Not reported 2 2.0 1 6.7 3 1.4

Total 101 100 15 100 45 100 50 100 211 100


AS3-7

A5 Status in your household

No %

Household head 165 78.2

Spouse 8 3.8

Brother/sister 23 10.9

Relatives 12 5.7

Friend 1 0.5

Not reported 2 0.9

Total 211 100.0


78.2

3.810.9

5.70.5 0.9

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Household head

Spouse

Brother/sister

Relatives

Friend

Not reported




river Total


Household head 78 77.2 11 73.3 38 84.4 38 76.0 165 78.2

Spouse 4 4.0 1 6.7 3 6.0 8 3.8

Brother/sister 17 16.8 2 13.3 3 6.7 1 2.0 23 10.9

Relatives 2 2.0 1 6.7 4 8.9 5 10.0 12 5.7

Friend 1 2.0 1 0.5

Not reported 2 4.0 2 0.9

Total 101 100 15 100 45 100 50 100 211 100


AS3-8

Descriptive Statistics

N Mean Std. Deviation

Number of family members in your household 203 5.52 2.833

A6_4 Number of family members in your household


Zabadani 96 5.2 2.8

Bludan 15 6.4 4.1

Buqqein &

Madaya 42 5.4 1.6

Downstream of

barada river 50 5.9 3.2

Area

Total 203 5.5 2.8

A7 Occupation

No %

Agriculture 61 28.9

Commerce 29 13.7

Factory 21 10.0

Private office 20 9.5

Government 65 30.8

Retired/jobless 8 3.8

others 7 3.3

Total 211 100.0


AS3-9

A7 Occupation

28.9

13.710.0 9.5

30.8

3.8 3.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Agriculture

Commerce

Factory

Private office

Government

Retired/jobless

others

A7 Occupation

Zabadani Bludan Buqqein &

Madaya

Downstream

of barada

river

Total


Agriculture 8 7.9 2 13.3 11 24.4 40 80.0 61 28.9

Commerce 13 12.9 3 20.0 7 15.6 6 12.0 29 13.7

Factory 9 8.9 8 17.8 4 8.0 21 10.0

Private office 11 10.9 1 6.7 8 17.8 20 9.5

Government 47 46.5 9 60.0 9 20.0 65 30.8

Retired/jobless 7 6.9 1 2.2 8 3.8

others 6 5.9 1 2.2 7 3.3

Total 101 100.0 15 100.0 45 100.0 50 100.0 211 100.0


AS3-10

A8 Education status

No %

No education 48 22.7

Primary school 58 27.5

Middle school 28 13.3

High School 28 13.3

Vocational school 12 5.7

University 37 17.5

Total 211 100.0

A8 Education status

22.727.5

13.3 13.35.7

17.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

No education

Primary school

Middle school

High School

Vocational school

University

A8 Education status



river Total

No % No % No % No % No % No education 13 12.9 1 6.7 15 33.3 19 38.0 48 22.7Primary school 33 32.7 10 22.2 15 30.0 58 27.5Middle school 19 18.8 5 11.1 4 8.0 28 13.3High School 14 13.9 3 20.0 5 11.1 6 12.0 28 13.3Vocational school 6 5.9 2 13.3 2 4.4 2 4.0 12 5.7

University 16 15.8 9 60.0 8 17.8 4 8.0 37 17.5Total 101 100.0 15 100.0 45 100.0 50 100.0 211 100.0


AS3-11

A9 How long have your family been in area

No %

< 1 year 5 2.4

1-9 year 13 6.2

10-20 year 38 18.0

> 20 year 155 73.5

Total 211 100.0


2.46.2

18.0

73.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

< 1 year

1-9 year

10-20 year

> 20 year




river Total


< 1 year 4 4.0 1 2.0 5 2.4

1-9 year 6 5.9 1 2.2 6 12.0 13 6.2

10-20 year 26 25.7 2 13.3 5 11.1 5 10.0 38 18.0

> 20 year 65 64.4 13 86.7 39 86.7 38 76.0 155 73.5

Total 101 100.0 15 100.0 45 100.0 50 100.0 211 100.0


AS3-12

B. Questions on Socio-economic characteristics of household

B1_1 Housing ownership

No %

Owns a house 126 59.7

rent a house 3 1.4

Own an apartment 71 33.6

Rent an apartment 6 2.8

Others 1 0.5

Not reported 4 1.9

Total 211 100.0


59.7

1.4

33.6

2.8 0.5 1.90

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Owns a house

rent a house

Own an apartment

Rent an apartment

Others

Not reported




river Total


Owns a house 49 48.5 7 46.7 21 46.7 49 98.0 126 59.7

rent a house 3 3.0 3 1.4

Own an apartment 40 39.6 8 53.3 23 51.1 71 33.6

Rent an apartment 6 5.9 6 2.8

Others 1 1.0 1 0.5

Not reported 2 2.0 1 2.2 1 2.0 4 1.9

Total 101 100.0 15 100.0 45 100.0 50 100.0 211 100.0


AS3-13

B1_2 Rent of house SP/month


rent a house 3 3666.7 577.4

Rent an apartment 6 2883.3 1273.4 Housing ownership

Total 9 3144.4 1118.2

B1_2 Rent of house SP/month


rent a house 3 3666.7 577.4

Rent an apartment 6 2883.3 1273.4 Zabadani Housing

ownership

Total 9 3144.4 1118.2

rent a house 3 3666.7 577.4

Rent an apartment 6 2883.3 1273.4

Area

Total Housing ownership

Total 9 3144.4 1118.2

B2 Average monthly income of the household SP/month


Zabadani 101 19236.6 15180.7

Bludan 15 30893.3 26422.4

Buqqein & Madaya 45 29066.7 23542.7

Downstream of barada river

49 22510.2 20626.8

Area

Total 210 22939.5 19766.7


AS3-14

B3 Average monthly expenditure of the household SP/month


Zabadani 100 18265.0 12005.1

Bludan 15 29560.0 25047.2

Buqqein & Madaya 44 45568.2 132843.8

Downstream of barada river 44 19954.5 15630.8

Area

Total 203 25383.7 63594.9

B4 Average amount spent on each item per month

Aver

age

amou

nt sp

ent o

n W

ater

tarif

f

Aver

age

amou

nt sp

ent o

n Se

wer

age

tarif

f

Aver

age

amou

nt sp

ent o

n El

ectri

city

tarif

f

Aver

age

amou

nt sp

ent o

n Fo

od ta

riff

Aver

age

amou

nt sp

ent o

n So

ld w

aste

col

lect

ion

tarif

f

Aver

age

amou

nt sp

ent o

n G

as ta

riff

Aver

age

amou

nt sp

ent o

n Te

leco

mm

unic

atio

n ta

riff

Aver

age

amou

nt sp

ent o

n C

igar

ette

tarif

f

N 93.0 2.0 99.0 100.0 7.0 99.0 98.0 43.0

Mean 372.3 50.0 842.4 9900.0 50.0 423.5 900.0 1323.3Zabadani

Std. Deviation 297.3 0.0 618.9 6590.1 0.0 243.9 846.8 668.3

N 14.0 15.0 15.0 14.0 15.0 6.0

Mean 689.3 1200.0 16300.0 439.3 1073.3 5366.7Bludan

Std. Deviation 979.0 747.1 14199.8 197.3 743.3 9637.8

N 45.0 43.0 43.0 42.0 42.0 26.0

Mean 342.2 1494.2 12902.3 366.7 854.8 1511.5Buqqein & Madaya

Std. Deviation 197.1 3040.9 8892.9 184.3 657.1 692.4

N 42.0 48.0 48.0 45.0 47.0 19.0

Mean 307.1 1264.6 13114.6 356.7 627.7 1278.9Downstream of barada river

Std. Deviation 749.8 1670.7 8694.1 133.8 391.0 533.9

Area

Total N 194.0 2.0 205.0 206.0 7.0 200.0 202.0 94.0


AS3-15

Mean 374.1 50.0 1104.1 11741.7 50.0 397.6 840.1 1624.5

Std. Deviation 493.4 0.0 1685.6 8495.6 0.0 209.4 723.9 2520.5



Average monthly income of the household SP/month 210 22939.5 19766.7

Average monthly expenditure of the household SP/month 203 25383.7 63594.9

Average amount spent on Water tariff 194 374.1 493.4

Average amount spent on Sewerage tariff 2 50.0 0.0

Average amount spent on Electricity tariff 205 1104.1 1685.6

Average amount spent on Food tariff 206 11741.7 8495.6

Average amount spent on Sold waste collection tariff 7 50.0 0.0

Average amount spent on Gas tariff 200 397.6 209.4

Average amount spent on Telecommunication tariff 202 840.1 723.9

Average amount spent on Cigarette tariff 94 1624.5 2520.5


AS3-16

C. Questions on general information of water supply

C1 Water source in your household

No %

House connection 101 47.9

Public stand post 1 0.5

Shallow /deep well 31 14.7

Water vender 76 36.0

Not reported 2 0.9

Total 211 100.0


47.9

0.5

14.7

36.0

0.90

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

House connection

Public stand post

Shallow /deep well

Water vender

Not reported




river Total


House connection 65 64.4 9 60.0 26 57.8 1 2.0 101 47.9

Public stand post 1 2.0 1 0.5

Shallow /deep well 31 62.0 31 14.7

Water vender 35 34.7 6 40.0 19 42.2 16 32.0 76 36.0

Not reported 1 1.0 1 2.0 2 0.9

Total 101 100.0 15 100.0 45 100.0 50 100.0 211 100.0


AS3-17



Monthly water consumption in your household 206 200.2 2436.5

C3 Your opinion on water tariff

No %

Cheep 31 14.7

Proper level 165 78.2

Too high 10 4.7

Not reported 5 2.4

Total 211 100.0


14.7

78.2

4.7 2.4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Cheep

Proper level

Too high

Not reported



Downstream of barada river Total


Cheep 15 14.9 6 40.0 10 22.2 31 14.7

Proper level 81 80.2 9 60.0 35 77.8 40 80.0 165 78.2

Too high 3 3.0 7 14.0 10 4.7

Not reported 2 2.0 3 6.0 5 2.4

Total 101 100.0 15 100.0 45 100.0 50 100.0 211 100.0


AS3-18

D. Questions on general information of sewerage system

D1 Where the sewage from your house is discharged to No % Sewer 170 80.6

Septic tank 31 14.7

Discharging into open drain or river 10 4.7

Total 211 100.0

D1 Where the sewage from your house is discharged to

80.6

14.7

4.7

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Sewer

Septic tank

Discharging into open drain or river

D1 Where the sewage from your house is discharged to



river Total


Sewer 98 97.0 15 100.0 45 100.0 12 24.0 170 80.6

Septic tank 31 62.0 31 14.7

Discharging into open drain or river

3 3.0 7 14.0 10 4.7

Total 101 100.0 15 100.0 45 100.0 50 100.0 211 100.0


AS3-19

D2_1 How much do you pay for the sewerage system services - type of pay

No %

Pay without water tariff 1 0.6

Pay with water tariff 2 1.2

Do not pay 85 50.0

Don't know 56 32.9

Not reported 26 15.3

Total 170 100.0


0.6 1.2

50.0

32.9

15.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Pay without water tariff

Pay with water tariff

Do not pay

Don't know

Not reported




river Total

No % No % No % No % No % Pay without water tariff 1 1.0 1 0.6

Pay with water tariff 2 2.0 2 1.2

Do not pay 45 45.9 6 40.0 23 51.1 11 91.7 85 50.0Don't know 31 31.6 9 60.0 15 33.3 1 8.3 56 32.9Not reported 19 19.4 7 15.6 26 15.3Total 98 100.0 15 100.0 45 100.0 12 100.0 170 100.0


AS3-20

D3 Do you think the sewerage system should be improved

No %

Yes 156 91.8

No 14 8.2

Total 170 100.0


91.8

8.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Yes

No





Yes 88 89.8 12 80.0 45 100.0 11 91.7 156 91.8

No 10 10.2 3 20.0 1 8.3 14 8.2

Total 98 100.0 15 100.0 45 100.0 12 100.0 170 100.0

D4 will you pay more for improving sewerage system

No %

Yes 131 77.1

No 39 22.9

Total 170 100.0


AS3-21

D4 w ill you pay more for improving sewerage system

77.1

22.9

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Yes

No

D4 will you pay more for improving sewerage system




Yes 77 78.6 11 73.3 32 71.1 11 91.7 131 77.1

No 21 21.4 4 26.7 13 28.9 1 8.3 39 22.9

Total 98 100.0 15 100.0 45 100.0 12 100.0 170 100.0

D5 if you will pay more for improving sewerage system, how much

No %

Don't want to pay 39 22.9

<50 SP/month 35 20.6

50-100 SP/month 46 27.1

100-200 SP/month 5 2.9

200-300 SP/month 16 9.4

300-400 SP/month 18 10.6

400-500 SP/month 11 6.5

Total 170 100.0


AS3-22

D5 if you will you pay more for improving sewerage system, how much

22.9 20.627.1

2.99.4 10.6

6.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Don't want to pay

<50 SP/month

50-100 SP/month

100-200 SP/month

200-300 SP/month

300-400 SP/month

400-500 SP/month

D5 if yes, how much



river Total

No % No % No % No % No % Don't want to pay 21 21.4 4 26.7 13 28.9 1 8.3 39 22.9

<50 SP/month 15 15.3 1 6.7 13 28.9 6 50.0 35 20.6

50-100 SP/month 27 27.6 5 33.3 10 22.2 4 33.3 46 27.1

100-200 SP/month 4 4.1 1 2.2 5 2.9

200-300 SP/month 10 10.2 3 20.0 3 6.7 16 9.4

300-400 SP/month 15 15.3 1 6.7 2 4.4 18 10.6

400-500 SP/month 6 6.1 1 6.7 3 6.7 1 8.3 11 6.5

Total 98 100.0 15 100.0 45 100.0 12 100.0 170 100.0

D6 Why are you not connected to sewerage line

No %

There is no sewer line near the house 35 85.4

Too expensive to connect 3 7.3

Not reported 3 7.3

Total 41 100.0


AS3-23


85.4

7.3 7.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

There is no sewer line near thehouse

Too expensive to connect

Not reported


Zabadani Downstream of barada river Total

No % No % No %

There is no sewer line near the house 35 92.1 35 85.4

Too expensive to connect 3 7.9 3 7.3

Not reported 3 100.0 3 7.3

Total 3 100.0 38 100.0 41 100.0

D7 If you can connect to sewerage system, how much do you want to pay for the service

No %

Don't want to pay 2 4.9

<50 SP/month 9 22.0

50-100 SP/month 18 43.9

100-200 SP/month 1 2.4

200-300 SP/month 2 4.9

300-400 SP/month 4 9.8

Not reported 5 12.2

Total 41 100.0


AS3-24


4.9

22.0

43.9

2.4 4.99.8 12.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Don't want to pay

<50 SP/month

50-100 SP/month

100-200 SP/month

200-300 SP/month

300-400 SP/month

Not reported


Zabadani Downstream of barada river Total

No % No % No %

Don't want to pay 2 5.3 2 4.9

<50 SP/month 9 23.7 9 22.0

50-100 SP/month 18 47.4 18 43.9

100-200 SP/month 1 2.6 1 2.4

200-300 SP/month 2 5.3 2 4.9

300-400 SP/month 4 10.5 4 9.8

Not reported 3 100.0 2 5.3 5 12.2

Total 3 100.0 38 100.0 41 100.0


AS3-25

E. Questions on health and hygiene

E1 Have any of your family members had diseases in last 2 years

No %

Yes 24 11.4

No 187 88.6

Total 211 100.0

E1 Have any your family members had diseases in last 2 years

11.4

88.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Yes

No

E1 Have any of your family members had diseases in last 2 years




Yes 18 17.8 2 4.4 4 8.0 24 11.4

No 83 82.2 15 100.0 43 95.6 46 92.0 187 88.6

Total 101 100.0 15 100.0 45 100.0 50 100.0 211 100.0



How many days each of your family members

suffers from water-related disease, such as

Diarrhea, Dysentery, Hepatitis

29 17.0 8.9

How much does your family spend for health

in average 188 1167.8 866.7


AS3-26

E2 How many days each of your family members suffers from water-related disease, such as

Diarrhea, Dysentery, Hepatitis

N Mean Std.

Deviation

Zabadani 24 16.4 9.3

Downstream

of barada river5 20.0 7.1 Area

Total 29 17.0 8.9

E3 How much does your family spend for health in average


Zabadani 89 1260.7 902.7

Bludan 15 1473.3 1209.2

Buqqein & Madaya 41 1087.8 777.2


Area

Total 188 1167.8 866.7


AS3-27

F. Questions on environment

F1 What is the environmental status near your house No %

Fairly clean 11 5.2

Clean 107 50.7

Slightly dirty 54 25.6

Very dirty 35 16.6

Not reported 4 1.9

Total 211 100.0

F1 What is the environmental status near your house

5.2

50.7

25.6

16.6

1.9

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Fairly clean

Clean

Slightly dirty

Very dirty

Not reported

F1 What is the environmental status near your house




Fairly clean 11 10.9 11 5.2

Clean 49 48.5 13 86.7 41 91.1 4 8.0 107 50.7

Slightly dirty 31 30.7 1 6.7 4 8.9 18 36.0 54 25.6

Very dirty 8 7.9 1 6.7 26 52.0 35 16.6

Not reported 2 2.0 2 4.0 4 1.9

Total 101 100.0 15 100.0 45 100.0 50 100.0 211 100.0


AS3-28

F2 What are environmental problems in your residential area

No %

Surface water(river, lake and canal) pollution 78 37.0

Grandwater pollution 78 37.0

Noise 12 5.7

Air pollution 7 3.3

Odor 9 4.3

Waste along the road 19 9.0

Others 1 0.5

Not reported 7 3.3

Total 211 100.0


37.0 37.0

5.7 3.3 4.39.0

0.5 3.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100 Surface water(river, lake and canal)pollution

Grandwater pollution

Noise

Air pollution

Odor

Waste along the road

Others

Not reported




river Total

No % No % No % No % No % Surface water(river, lake and canal) pollution

32 31.7 6 40.0 22 48.9 18 36.0 78 37.0

Grandwater pollution 32 31.7 6 40.0 15 33.3 25 50.0 78 37.0

Noise 11 10.9 1 2.2 12 5.7


AS3-29

Air pollution 5 5.0 2 4.0 7 3.3

Odor 4 4.0 1 6.7 4 8.0 9 4.3

Waste along the road 11 10.9 1 6.7 7 15.6 19 9.0

Others 1 1.0 1 0.5

Not reported 5 5.0 1 6.7 1 2.0 7 3.3

Total 101 100.0 15 100.0 45 100.0 50 100.0 211 100.0

F3 What are the major pollution sources of water environment - Multi Answers

No %

Industrial wastewater 11 2.7

Domestic wastewater 191 47.6

Open defecation by human or livestock 45 11.2

Solid waste disposed 138 34.4

Don't know 8 2.0

Others 2 0.5

Not reported 6 1.5

Total of answers 401 100.0

Total of interviewee 211


2.7

47.6

11.2

34.4

2.0 0.5 1.50

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100Industrial wastewater

Domestic wastewater

Open defecation by human orlivestock

Solid waste disposed

Don't know

Others

Not reported


AS3-30


Area Total



river

No % No % No % No %

No %

Industrial wastewater 9 4.7 1 3.3 1 1.1 11 2.7

Domestic wastewater 89 46.4 15 50.0 39 45.3 48 51.6 191 47.6

Open defecation by human or livestock

18 9.4 11 36.7 15 17.4 1 1.1 45 11.2

Solid waste disposed 63 32.8 3 10.0 31 36.0 41 44.1 138 34.4

Don't know 7 3.6 1 1.2 8 2.0

Others 2 1.0 2 0.5

Not reported 4 2.1 2 2.2 6 1.5

Total of answers 192 100 30 100 86 100 93 100 401 100

Total of interviewee 101 15 45 50 211


AS3-31

G. Questions on the irrigation

G1 Season for irrigation - Multi Answers

No %

Spring 4 6.3

Summer 57 89.1

Autumn 3 4.7

Total of answers 64 100.0

Total of interviewee 57

G1 Season for irrigation - Multi Answers

6.3

89.1

4.7

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Spring

Summer

Autumn

G1 Season for irrigation - Multi Answers Area Total




Spring 1 25.0 1 50.0 2 25.0 4 6.3

Summer 2 50.0 1 50.0 4 50.0 50 100.0 57 89.1

Autumn 1 25.0 2 25.0 3 4.7

Total of answers 4 100.0 2 100 8 100.0 50 100 64 100.0

Total of interviewee 2 1 4 50 57


AS3-32

G2 Major water resources for irrigation at your farm land

No %

Groundwater 36 66.7

River water 14 25.9

Raw sewage 1 1.9

Others 3 5.6

Total 54 100.0


66.7

25.9

1.95.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Groundwater

River water

Raw sewage

Others


Zabadani Bludan Buqqein &

Madaya

Downstream

of barada

river

Total


Groundwater 1 50.0 1 100.0 4 100.0 30 63.8 36 66.7

River water 14 29.8 14 25.9

Raw sewage 1 50.0 1 1.9

Others 3 6.4 3 5.6

Total 2 100.0 1 100.0 4 100.0 47 100.0 54 100.0


AS3-33

G3 Depth of the well


Zabadani 1 8.0 . Bludan 1 750.0 . Buqqein & Madaya 4 487.5 154.8


Area

Total 44 97.1 173.0

G4 How much does your family spend for irrigation


Zabadani 1 100.0 . Bludan 1 25000.0 . Buqqein & Madaya 3 12333.3 4618.8


16 2843.8 4596.1

Area

Total 21 5123.8 7137.7

Descriptive Statistics N Mean Std. DeviationDepth of the well 44 97.1 173.0 How much does your family spend for irrigation 21 5123.8 7137.7

G5 Do you know that there are water quality standards for irrigation in Syria

No %

Yes 38 66.7

No 19 33.3

Total 57 100.0


AS3-34


66.7

33.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Yes

No





Yes 1 50.0 1 100.0 4 100.0 32 64.0 38 66.7

No 1 50.0 18 36.0 19 33.3

Total 2 100.0 1 100.0 4 100.0 50 100.0 57 100.0

G5A Do you want to use treated wastewater that will meet irrigation water quality standards for irrigation

No %

Yes 42 73.7

No 15 26.3

Total 57 100.0


AS3-35

G5A Do you want to use treated wastewater that w ill meet irrigation water quality standards for irrigation

73.7

26.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Yes

No

G5A Do you want to use treated wastewater that will meet irrigation water quality standards for irrigation




Yes 1 50.0 1 100.0 4 100.0 36 72.0 42 73.7

No 1 50.0 14 28.0 15 26.3

Total 2 100.0 1 100.0 4 100.0 50 100.0 57 100.0


N Mean Std. DeviationIf yes, how much do you want to pay for treated wastewater 41 782.9 1067.2

G6 If you want to use treated wastewater that will meet irrigation water quality standards for

irrigation, how much do you want to pay for treated wastewater


Zabadani 1 200.0 .

Bludan 1 5000.0 .



35 425.7 196.1

Area

Total 41 782.9 1067.2


AS3-36

G7 Do you want to use treated sludge for your farmland as fertilizer

No %

Yes 38 66.7

No 19 33.3

Total 57 100.0


66.7

33.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Yes

No



If yes, how much do you want to pay for treated sludge 38 301.3 385.8





Yes 3 75.0 35 70.0 38 66.7

No 2 100.0 1 100.0 1 25.0 15 30.0 19 33.3

Total 2 100.0 1 100.0 4 100.0 50 100.0 57 100.0


AS3-37

G8 If you want to use treated sludge for your farmland as fertilizer, how much do you want to pay for treated sludge



Downstream of barada river 35 198.6 98.1 Area

Total 38 301.3 385.8

Conclusion Following to analyzing the different charts information, we can remark:

78.2% of the interviewees believe that water tariff is at proper level, taking into information that only 47.9% of houses are connected to the drinking water net and 36% buy water from private sellers.

In Barada downstream there is no drinking water net, 62% of houses relay on wells and 32% buy water.

In Zabadani, Bludan and Buqqein sewage is discharged to sewerage networking 100%, whereas in Barada downstream 62% is discharged to septic tanks and 14% to the open river.

50% of interviewees do not pay now for sewerage system, 91.8% say the system needs to be improved and 77.1% are willing to pay for improving the sewerage system.

27% of interviewees who are willing to pay can pay 50 – 100 S.P/month to improve the sewerage system, taking into consideration that the monthly income average is 23000 S.P.

19.4 % of sampled houses are not connected to sewerage line; where the large part of them (16.6%) has no close sewer line. From the not connected houses 43.9% are willing to pay 50 – 100 S.P for net connecting.

52% of Barada interviewees evaluate the environmental condition in their residential area as very polluted; 86% believe that the environmental problem is the pollution of ground water and surface water; and 47.6% believe that the main source of water pollution is domestic sewage.

In Barada downstream 73% want to use treated wastewater that will meet water quality standards for irrigation, and they are willing to pay an average of 785 S.P for that.

In Barada downstream 66.7% want to use treated sludge as fertilizer, and they are willing to pay an average of 300 S.P for that.


AS4-1

Appendix 4

Topographic Survey


AS4-2

1.1 Technical Specifications 1.1.1 Purpose of the Topographic Survey Topographic survey shall be carried out to prepare a basic engineering design of the new STP (Sewage Treatment Plant) and Trunk sewer. 1.1.2 Study Area The Survey Areas shall be in Zabadani, Rural Damascus governorate. The details will be provided by the Engineer. 1.1.3 Scope of Work The survey shall be carried out in the specified locations as described below and shown on Drawings to be provided by the Engineer: (1) STP

Plane table surveying: 1 sites, Area: About 5.5ha (55,000 m2) Scale: 1/500, contour every 1 m Cross-section chart: Scale: 1/500, every 50m in each direction of sites *Including channel beside STP (water level also shall be surveyed) Location map scaled 1/10,000 shall be also prepared.

(2) Trunk Sewer Route surveying:

Length of pipelines 0.5 km Plane table surveying Scale: 1/1,000, Width 20m Route survey longitudinal chart Scale Horizontal: 1/1000, Vertical:

1/100 Route survey cross-section chart Scale: 1/100, Width 20m, every 25m *The required elevations include those at road crossings, bridges, bottom level and water level of rivers, top of high points and bottom of low points. The interval of level measurements shall not be less than 25 m.

Location map scaled 1/10,000 shall be also prepared.

1.1.4 Benchmark Leveling survey shall be started from Benchmarks authorized by Syrian Government, photos and authorized data of referred benchmarks shall be presented in the report. 1.1.5 Report and Final Products to be Submitted (1) All the report and final products shall be submitted in English.


AS4-3

(2) The Contractor shall deliver the following final products to the Engineer:

1) Survey result Original 1 set Photocopy 2 sets STP: Plan (Scale: 1/500) Cross-section profile sheet (Scale: 1/500) Trunk Sewer: Plan (Scale: 1/1,000) Longitudinal profile sheet (Scale: H=1/1000, V=1/100) Cross-section profile sheet (Scale: 1/100) 2) Location map Scale: 1/10000 1 set 3) Survey data 1 set 4) Final report 1 set

Final report shall include location map, benchmark referred, process of survey method, instruments used for survey, results of accuracy control and other necessary information.

3) Electronic files to be contained in CD-ROM shall be submitted along with the reports 1) and 2) described above. Texts and tables shall be prepared either in Microsoft Word or Microsoft Excel . The map and surveyed results shall be prepared by AutoCAD program. Electronic files of figures shall be provided in DWG format.

(3) Unless otherwise specified in this Specification, the survey shall be carried out in

accordance with the Syrian Standard of specifications and/or regulations.

(4) The work shall be started immediately upon receipt of the Notice to Proceed and the report shall be submitted to the Engineer by 5 November, 2007.


AS4-4

1.2 Summary of the Results of Survey STP－PLAN


AS4-5

Trunk Sewer－PLAN, Longitudinal profile sheet


AS5-1

Appendix 5

Soil Survey


AS5-2

1.1 Technical Specifications 1.1.1 Purpose of the Geotechnical Survey The design of new sewage treatment plants and trunk sewer are to be prepared in this Project. The basic information on the geology, soils, and groundwater levels at the proposed sites for new sewage treatment plants are necessary for this purpose. 1.1.2 Location of Boring Field Locations of boring fields shall be in Zabadani, Rural Damascus governorate. The details will be provided by the Engineer. 1.1.3 Conditions and Requirements of the Soil Investigation (1) Method of the Soil Investigation Boring test means standard penetration test. (2) Quantity of the Soil Investigation <Boring Test>

Number of Boring: 5 points (All in the proposed STP site) Boring depth: 15m (If N-values are more than 50 for consecutive 5m, boring shall be stopped.) Standard penetration: every 1m at each boring point Groundwater depth: at each boring point

< Laboratory Test>

Test Item: Density, Specific gravity, Water content Sample: 3 samples in every point (3 x 5points=15 samples)

(3) Survey of Boring Points Location and elevation of all boring points shall be surveyed. 1.1.4 Manner of Survey The boring test shall be conducted in accordance with the following manner. At every 1.0m intervals the Standard Penetration Test shall be carried out up to 15m in order to determine the load bearing capacity of the different strata. If the N-value of 50 is encountered continuous 5m, boring test can be stopped. Collected samples are to be logged descriptively indicating the soil types and stratum characteristics to evaluate the suitability for construction of the structures. The depth of the water table shall be measured from the surface of the borehole. The level of the water shall be measured and recorded daily. Unless otherwise specified in this Specification, All drilling, sampling and testing shall be carried out in accordance with the Syrian Standard of specifications and/or regulations.


AS5-3

1.1.5 Report Results of the survey shall be summarized in English. The original and two (2) copies shall be submitted to the Engineer. The report shall include at least the following data and information:

1) Geological setting and sub-surface stratum 2) Borehole logs with soil samples, in core boxes 3) Water table criteria 4) Soil classifications and descriptions 5) Engineering application of the sub-surface. 6) Recommendations for foundation designs and trenching, embankments and fills 7) Maps showing locations of the boreholes 8) Elevation of boring sites 9) Results of laboratory tests 10) Photographs showing sceneries of the work with soil samples 11) Other relevant information/data obtained during the soil investigation

1.1.6 Schedule The work shall be stated immediately upon receipt of the Notice to Proceed and the reports shall be submitted to the Engineer by 5 November, 2007.


AS5-4

1.2 Summary of the Results of Survey

Geological Context: From geological point of view, the site is belonging to the Neogene / lower Miocene Oligocene system; the substratum is composed mainly from limestones, clay and gravels.

Programme of Investigations: Field Investigations:

The performed investigations included the following field works: (5) Boreholes drilled using a rotary drilling Italian machine. Boring depths extended to about (15) m below ground level. The size of boreholes is about 100 mm, good recovery in cohesive soil is achieved. Undisturbed and disturbed samples are obtained and selected core sections are used for laboratory testing. Standard Penetration Tests are carried out in intervals of about 1 – 1.5 m in all borings, N-values are recorded. Groundwater table depth is measured from the surface of each borehole point.

Laboratory Investigations: Upon completion of the field sampling operations, samples were transported to the laboratory for testing. The representative samples were then subjected to the following laboratory tests, as required to determine the physical, mechanical, and strength characteristics of the soil formation.

Natural Water Content. Natural Unit Weight, wet and dry. Specific Gravity.

Some of laboratory test results are shown in the Appendices.

1.2.1 Results of site investigations: Regarding all the subsurface investigations results, the following strata are encountered in general:

Fill top soil, its average thickness is about (0.5) m, encountered in BH1, BH2 and BH5 only. Dark grey, wet, stiff, high plasticity, silty clay with some sand is encountered till a depth of

about (3 – 7.5) m. Alternation between hard and solid dense light yellowish brown mixture of gravel, sand and

clay with some boulders layer; or light brown, dense, high plasticity, silty clay with some sand and gravel layer, that extends to the end of all drillings.

All borings are free from any cavities.


AS5-5

Ground water table is reached at the depth of about (3.5 – 5) in all boreholes; it is very shallow in this region, it reach about 2 m under ground level at the end of winter. 1.2.2 Results of tests investigations: The laboratory and field tests results (ASTM used) indicate the following averages for the properties of soil encountered in the site:

Clay samples

Natural water content: 17.3 – 30.1 %

Natural unit weight: 1.87 – 2.08 kg/cm3

Dry unit weight: 1.46 - 1.77 kg/cm3

Specific gravity: 2.52 - 2.68 kg/cm3

Sieve analysis: Gravel: 5 % Sand: 15 % Silt & clay: 80 %

Direct Shear Test: Cohesion: 0.3 kg/cm2 Friction Angle: 12°

Classification (USC): CH

SPT: N = 10 – >50

Elasticity Module: 50 kg/cm2

Poisson's Ratio: 0.3

Modulus of Sub grade Reaction: ks = 3 kg/cm3

Gravel samples

Natural water content 12.7 – 18 %

Natural unit weight 2.03 – 2.2 kg/cm3

Dry unit weight 1.78 - 1.92 kg/cm3

Specific gravity 2.57 - 2.72 kg/cm3

Sieve analysisGravel: 70 % Sand: 15 % Silt & clay: 15 %

Direct Shear Test Cohesion: 0.05 kg/cm2 Friction Angle: 33°

Classification (USC) GC

SPT N = >50

Elasticity Module 400 kg/cm2

Poisson's Ratio 0.25

Modulus of Sub grade Reaction: ks = 10 kg/cm3


AS5-6

1.2.3 Analysis of Results: The allowable soil pressure will be governed either by bearing capacity considerations or by settlement considerations. Soil profile reveals that piles must be used under structures for founding, there longitude and diameter depend mainly on the real loadings, piles will inter in the light brown mixture of gravel, sand and clay layer. It is possible to use mat footing for structures, if loads are light, this footing ought to be placed on the silty clay layer at a depth not less than 4m from ground level. The bearing will be studied by the approach of the bearing capacity factors originally proposed by Terzaghi, according to which the ultimate bearing capacity of a square footing of width B, placed at a depth of D in such a soil, is given by the following expression:

Qult = 1.3 C Nc +γ D Nq + 0.4γB Nγ Where: Nc, Nq and N�are the bearing capacity factors which depend on the angle of friction.

C is the unit cohesion. γ is the effective unit weight of soil.

Considering 1.5 kg/cm2 as allowable bearing capacity as result for clay soil. As settlement considerations, calculating the estimated settlement, transmitting a maximum pressure of 1.5 kg/cm2. Due to the properties of the soil, the elastic relationship will be utilized to analysis the settlement of footings, which is:

S = Qo B Iw ( 1 - υ2 ) / Eo Where: Qo Intensity of contact pressure.

B Least lateral dimension of footing. Iw Influence factor which depends on shape of footing and its rigidity. υ Poisson`s ratio. Eo Modulus of Elasticity.

The total settlement and the differential settlement under mat foundation are in the range allowable values.

Recommendations and Conclusions: Depending on field and laboratory investigations and our geotechnical experience of the proposed area, it is believed that the soil on the location is capable of carrying the constructions safely only if the following recommendations are respected:

1. The foundation exploration conducted at the proposed site of the project has revealed that the soil of the foundations consists mainly of wet, stiff silty clay with some sand, then light brown hard and dense mixture of gravel, sand and clay, which is suitable for founding. Ground water table is reached at the depth of about (3.5 – 5) in all boreholes; it is very shallow in this


AS5-7

region, it reach about 2 m under ground level at the end of winter. 2. Piles must be used under structures for founding, there longitude and diameter depend mainly

on the real loadings, piles will inter in the light brown mixture of gravel, sand and clay layer. It is possible to use mat footing of foundations required by the structures if loads are light enough.

3. Footing of structure ought to be placed on the original soil, which is stiff silty clay, at minimum depth of 4m below the original ground level, not less than 20cm of lean concrete must be used under foundation.

4. The allowable bearing capacity of the above soil strata at the recommended depth is 1.5 kg/cm2.

5. At the above soil pressure there will be an ample factor of safety against shear failure of the soil, and the total settlement and the differential settlements expected to occur are allowable.

6. It is necessary, during the excavation, to check the soil by visual inspection and to be sure to place the foundations on the solid considered layer. This will de made by a soil engineer before the execution of concrete work.

7. Soil foundation surface must be protected from all superficial reach of water, buried piping must be waterproofed. Ground water must be pumped out of pits or piles just before concrete pouring.

8. The existing silty clay is not suitable for backfilling. Any structural backfilling must be achieved by using imported gravel selected material.

9. For excavation in clay a backhoes or a tractor loader could be used. Slopes are applicable for cuts of temporary duration to total height of 4m.

10. The coefficient of lateral earth pressure will depend mainly on the selected compacted graveled materials used for backfilling back of retaining walls.

11. Upon the project recommendations, the structural design must fulfill Zone (3) based on Uniform Building Code (UBC) 1997.

Unforeseen Conditions: The conclusions and recommendations contained in this preliminary report are based on reasonable but limited amount of subsurface investigation work. It is necessary to assume a continuity of subsoil conditions in order to make economical conclusions and recommendations. In the event that conditions other than these described herein are encountered during construction and after excavation, it must be reported to our office. A supplementary and final report and recommendations should be made for each structure. Our findings were obtained and recommendations were prepared in accordance with generally accepted professional engineering practices.


AS5-8

(1) Location Map of Boreholes


AS5-9

(2) Result of BH NO.1


AS5-10



AS5-11



AS5-12



AS5-13



AS5-14

PART IV : MINUTES OF MEETING


A-1

Minutes of Meeting


A-2


A-3


A-4


A-5


A-6


A-7


A-8


A-9


A-10


A-11


A-12


A-13

Documents

PART III : SUMMARY OF THE RESULT OF SUBCONTRACT SURVEY