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WORK UNIT ONE: THE NOUN AND THE DEFINITE ARTICLE (SINGULAR)

Part One: Structures and Verbs

What's more important, TV or homework? Let's see what Pepita does.

iLa lelevisi-"n es muy imporlanle! Pepita Gomez es estudiosa . Ella ·estudia en la escuela y en casa. Esta noche Pepita estudia la lee­

cion de espanol en la sala. Estudia con ellibro de gramatica y con el diccionario. Con su lapiz Pepita copia palabras y frases en el papel de su cuaderno.

EI padre de Pepita lee el periodico en la sala . La madre escucha la radio en la cocina Car los, el hermano de Pepita , entra en la sala y pone la television .

Carlos. Esta noche hay programas interesantes. Pepita .· iAy, no, Carlos I Yo necesito estudiar. Mi examen de espanol es manana. Carlos.· jEs posible estudiar manana, muchacha l

Pepita . jPor favor , Carlosl EI examen de espanol es muy importante. Yo necesito estudiar esta noche.

Carlos. No es necesario estudiar el espanol . Es muy facil. Yo quiero mirar la television. EI Padre .· i No, Carlosl i La television no es importantel Es posible mirar !a television manana tam bien . La voz de la television: Y ahora el programa: EI amor y la pasi on. Pepita. iAy, es mi programa favorito l iAy, papal iSi, es poslble estudiar manana!

Palabras Nuevas

el Ilbro the book facil easySUBSTANTIVOS (NOUNS) ellibro de gramatica the favorito , a favorite

el amor love grammar textbook importante Important

Carlos Charles la madre the mother interesante interesting

la casa the house la muchacha the girl mi my

en casa at home la noche the night, the evening necesario, a necessary

la cocina the kitchen, esta noche tonight, this posible possible evening su herthe cooking

el padre the father el cuaderno the notebook el padre de Pepita Josie'sel diccionario the dictionary

father VERBOS (VERBS)la escuela the school el papel the paperel espanol the Spanish la pasion the passion copia (she) copies language, Spanish Pepita Josie entra (he) enters el examen the test el periodico the newspaper es (it) IS, (she) ISmi examen de espanol

my Spamsh test el programa the program no es (it) is not escucha (she) listens to, isla frase the sentence mi programa favorito

la gramatica the grammar my favorite program listening to la radio the radio estudia (she) studies, isel hermano the brother

el hermano de Pepita Josie's la sala the living room studying

brother la television the television estudiar to study

el lapiz the pencil la voz the voice hay there are lee (he) reads, is readingla leccion the lesson

ADJETIVOS (ADJECTIVES) mirar to look at la lecci6n de espanol the estudioso, a studious necesito I needSpanish lesson

* Adjectives that end in "0" describe masculine nouns. Adjectives that end in "0" change from "0 " to "a" when describing fem inine nouns. 1

I. STRUCTURES AND VERBS

pone la television (he) turns con with no not, no on the television program de of, in , from por favor p lease

quiero I want ella she si yes, yes, indeed ! en in, into tambien also, to o

OTRAS PALABRAS manana tomorro w y and

(OTHER WORDS) muy very yo I

iay, papa! Oh, Daddy!

EJERCICIOS I. (A) Complete the sentence according to the story.

1. Pepita es muy

___ ___ _________ ___ _ _____de espano!.2. Ella estudia la _

3. Ella copia palabras y frases en su

___________ ___________enla___________ _ _ ____ ___4. EI padre lee el

_ _____ _ _______ enla ______ _ _ ____ _ __5. La madre escucha la

_

_ _ ____ _________________ ______pone la televisi6n . 6. EI

7. EI examen de espanol es muy

_ _ ____ ___________ _____________ Ia televisi6n.8. Carlos quiere

9 . Es posible mirar la television

_ _ _ _ _ _ __________ y la _____ _ ___ _ _ ___10. EI programa es "el

(8) Rewrite the sentence replacing the underlined word with a word that will make the sentence true.

1 . Pepita estudia con el libro y el peri6dico. 2 . Ella estudia el amor en la clase de espano!. 3. Pepita copia palabras con su voz. 4 . No es posible estudiar y tambieln mirar la radio . 5. Es necesario estudiar la lecci6n de cocina-. -- ­

1. _________________________________________________________________

2. __________________________________________________________

3 . _________ ___________ ________ ____________ _ _______

4.___ _______ ___ ____________________________________________

5 . ____________________________________________________________

II. (,C6mo se dice en espanol? Can you find these expressions in the story?

1. Ineedtostudy. __________________ _ ______ _ _ _______ ___ _______

2. Tonight there are interesting programs. _________________ _________________

3 . It is very easy. _ ________________________ ____________

4. It's my favorite program. _ _______ _ ___________________ _________

5. It is not necessary to study Spanish . _ _ _ ___________ _ _ _ _ ______ _ _ 2

III. Word Hunt - Find these 15 words in Spanish in the squares.

C A A F B S C N

U H E R M A N 0

A 0 H A Y L E C

D R E S D A I H

E A L E E F B E

R G H I I J K M I

N L M N 0 F A C

0 R T S E S T A

rj L

A I

P B

I R

\Z 0 -R A

I L

P 0

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IV. Compositions: Oral or written in notebooks.

(A) Look at the picture opposite page 1. Describe the scene in Spanish to your class. (8) Tell your friends about your evenings at home. Include the following :

En casa 1. What your favorite program is. 2. Where you want to watch television tonight. 3. Which brother or sister turns on the television. 4. Which brother or sister studies and listens to the radio. 5. What your father or mother reads.

ESTRUCTURAS DE LA LENGUA

The Noun (Persons, Things, Places, Ideas) and the Definite Article (Singular)

A. In Spanish, things as well as persons are of either masculine or feminine gender.

Examples:

Masculine Nouns Feminine Nouns

1. EI chico es grande. 3. La chica es grande. ~I~'t~The boy is big. The girl is big. (('~' .~))1})~J l~I)12. EI cuaderno es grande. 4. La pluma es grande. (l~) lt) rfl The notebook is large. r((\~~l~(IIJJlI()~~" The pen is large.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9 .

10. 11 . 12 . 13. 14. 15.

pencil living room book notebook sentence brother also with easy now there is he looks at night he reads this (f.)

i, Es el senor Gomez 0 la senorita Gomez? 3

S-r:UCTuRES AND VERBS

iRules:

1. EI means the before a masculine noun and is the masculine definite article .

2. La means the before a feminine noun and is the feminine definite article.

3. Masculine nouns often end in o. Feminine nouns often end in a. Feminine nouns also end in -dad, -ci6n, -si6n . Learn : la ciudad (the city); la caflci6n (the song) ; la lecci6n (the lesson) ; la naci6n (the nation) ; la televisi6n (the television).

B. EI and la indicate the gender of nouns that do not have the typical masculine ending -0, or the typical feminine endings: -a, -dad, -ci6n, -si6n.

Examples:

Masculine Nouns Feminine Nouns

EI hombre usa ellapiz y el papel. La mujer mira la flor en la clase. The man uses the pencil and paper. The woman looks at the flower in the class.

Rules:

1. Nouns should be memorized with their articles: 01 or la.

2. Learn these masculine nouns : el avi6n (the plane), el coche (the car) , el examen (the test), el hombre (the man), el hotel (the hotel), el hipiz (the pencil ) , el padre (the father), el papal (the paper) , el profesor (the teacher), el relo) (the clock, watch) , el tren (the train) .

3. Learn these feminine nouns: la clase (the class), la frase (the sentence), la madre (the mother), la mujer (the woman), la noche (the night).

4. The appropriate definite article must be used before each noun in a series: el padre y la madre (the father and mother); el hombre y la mujer (the man and woman).

c. Special uses of el and la Special omissions of el and la.

Indirect Address (Narrative) Direct address

1. EI senor G6mez escucha el programa. 1. Senor G6mez, Lescucha usted la radio Mr. Gomez listens to the program. todo el dfa?

Mr. Gomez, do you listen to the radio all day?

2. La senorita Molina estudia el idioma 2. Senorita Molina, Lestudia usted el idioma y el mapa. y el mapa de Espana?

Miss Molina studies the language and Miss Molina, do you study the language the map. and the map of Spain?

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WORK UNIT ONE THE NOUN AND THE DEFINITE ARTICLE (S INGU LAR)

Rules:

1. EI or la is used belot e a tille when talking about the person, but IS omitted when talking directly to the " tit led" person , in direct address.

2. A small number of masculine nouns end in a or rna and must be memorized with their articles el dia (I he day), el mapa (the map) , el idioma (the language), el programa (the program). Bulla radio (the radio) is feminine.

D. More uses of el and la More special omissions of el and la.

1. La escuela esta entre la Avenlda Arcos 1. Estudia la leccl6n de espanol para y la Calle Diez. hablar espanol bien.

The school is between Arcos Avenue He studies the Spanish lesson in order and Tenth Street. to speak Spanish well.

2. Juan escucha el espaftol y el ingles. 2. Contesta en espaftol en la clase de espano!.

John listens to Spanish and English. He answers in Spanish in the Spanish class.

Rules:

1. Use la before Avenida and Cal le when identifying them by name or number.

2. Use el before all languages except when they di rectly follow hablar, de, en.

3. De indicates concerned with In expressions such as the followmg : la clase de espanol (the Spanish class). la lecci6n de espanol (the Spanish lesson), el profesor de ingles (the Engli sh teache r), el maestro de musics (the musIc teacher) .

STUDY THE RULES, EXAMPLES, AND MODELS BEFORE BEGINNING THE EXERCISES!

Exercises

I. Rewrite the sentence, substituting the word in parentheses for the noun in italics. Make the necessary change in the definite article, el or la.

Model. La pro /esora es interesante. (libro) Ellibra es mteresante.

he teacher is interesting . The book IS interesting .

A. La revista es interesante. The magazine is interesting .

1. (escuela)_ _ _ ____ _ ______ ___ _ _______ _ _ _

2. (Iibro)

53. (alumna)____ ____ __________ _ _ _______ _