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Prepared by:

PART PART 3: 3: SHE SHE ELEMENTSELEMENTS

� 3.6 Land & Water Pollution

Learning Objectives

� To define what is water

and land pollution.

� To list the major

sources of water and

� To outline the

various

approaches to

prevention of

related

environmental sources of water and

land contamination.environmental

health problems.

Define: Pollution

Water

� contamination of

water resources by

harmful wastes.

Land

� is the degradation of

Earth's land surfaces

often caused by harmful wastes. often caused by

human activities and

their misuse of land

resources.

Major Sources of Contamination

Water

� Oil spillage

� Surface runoff

� Waste water

Sewage

Land

� Industrial

� Mining

� Pesticides / Herbicides

� Construction� Sewage

� Eutrophication

� Direct discharge

� Acidification

� Factories / Industries

� Household chemicals

� Construction

� Waste disposal

� Fertilizers

� Leachate

� Sewage sludge

� Household

� Deforestation

Effects of Water Pollution

� Poisonous drinking water

� Poisonous food animals (due to these organisms having bioaccumulated toxins from the environment over their life spans )

� Pollution affects the chemistry of water (acidity, temperature)temperature)

� The concentration of bacteria and viruses in polluted water causes increase in solids suspended in the water body, which, in turn, leads to health problems.

� Carcinogenic pollutants found in polluted water might cause cancer.

� Wash your car far away from any stormwater drains

� Don’t throw trash, chemicals or solvents into sewer drains

� Inspect your septic system every 3-5 years

� Avoid using pesticides and fertilizers that can run off into water systems

Reducing Water Pollution

water systems

� Use non-toxic cleaning materials

� Clean up oil and other liquid spills and sweet them up

� Don’t wash paint brushes in the sink

� Exterminates (kill) wild life.

� Acid rain kills trees and other plants.

� Vegetation that provides food and shelter is destroyed.

� It can seriously disrupt the balance of nature and in extreme cases, can cause human fatalities.

Effects of Land Pollution

extreme cases, can cause human fatalities.

� Pesticides can damage crops, kill vegetation, and poison birds, animals, and fish.

� Skin problems are often diagnosed due to land pollution.

Reducing Land Pollution

� Encourage organic farming

� Proper garbage disposal

� Recycle garbage

� Reduce use of herbicides and pesticides

� Avoid over packaged items� Avoid over packaged items

� Efficient utilization of resources and reducing wastage