Intermediate Writers WorkshopRode 2010

PARTS of SPEECHGrammar Unit 1

noun verb gerund inifinitive

adjective adverb pronoun preposition

interjection conjunction

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Noun Nouns Exist

Person boy

Place beach

Thing pail

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Noun A noun or The noun

Person The boy

Place A beach

Thing An orange

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Noun Nouns can often be Counted

One boy Two grandmas Seven seas Twelve months A dozen oranges 24 hours

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Noun Person: Proper or Common noun

Carlotta, Mrs. Brooks, Dr. Jong … Dr. Jong practices acupuncture.

(capitalize proper nouns)

the doctor, the girlfriend, my mother … I had an appointment with my doctor.

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Noun

Place: Proper or Common

Hopkins High School, the Royals … Hopkins High School is a school of excellence.

(capitalize proper nouns)

the high school, a store, my soda… I love this high school.

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Noun

(Can you put it in your pocket?)

Thing: Object or Idea

table, window, figurine, storm … The table broke.

wealth, love, indignation, personality,

fairness, unity, commitment … She accumulated a great deal of wealth. The group’s unity was obvious.

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Verb Linking Verbs

Subject is described by a noun or adjective

Subject = Noun or Adj Grandma is wealthy.

They are singers. She was a lawyer. They were late. He will be famous. I am a generous person. Bingo has been sick.

ISAREWASWEREBEAMBEEN

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Verb Linking Verbs

Be and Been need additional linking verbsSubject = Noun or Adj

He will be famous. He could be famous. Bingo has been sick. Bingo had been sick.

WILLSHALLCANMAY

HASHAVEHAD

WOULDSHOULDCOULDMIGHT

He might have been famous. He has had lots of fame. Bingo may be sick. Bingo should have been sick.

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Verb Action Verbs

The subject is doing something

I run. Mina runs. Juan ran. The track star is running. The leopard has run a mile. Bingo had been running. They will run. He would have run.

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Gerund A kind of Noun

Verb + ing = Gerund replace with “this activity”

Abdi and Beth love running.

Everyone should try reading for pleasure.

put a possessive noun in front Ms. Gotschell’s teaching should improve each year.

Deeply Royal’s dancing was outstanding at the pep fest.

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Gerund or Verb?

Be careful!

Verb + ing = Verb I am break dancing.

(I am doing something.)

Verb + ing = Gerund I enjoy break dancing.

(an activity – a noun – a thing).

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Adjective Tells more about Nouns

Ask: What kind of noun?

gentle bear

mother bear

What color noun? white bear

brown bear

How many nouns? one bear

seven bears

sixty bears

200 bears

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Adverb Tells more about Verbs

Ask: How did it verb?

News travels fast.

The report went beautifully.

When did it verb? They performed yesterday.

Their costume change happened quickly.

Where did it verb? She practiced anywhere.

The drummer lives locally.

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Adverb Tells more about Adverbs

Ask: How adverb was it?

The turtle moved too slowly.

The the rabbit ran so gracefully.

My first day went quite well.

The group played very loudly.

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Adverb Tells more about Adjectives

Ask: How adjective was it?

The race was very exciting.

The paintings are so beautiful.

The star is quite bright.

The band was incredibly loud.

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Pronoun Personal Pronouns

Basic List He She It I You We They

Other Pronouns Him, his, himself Her, hers, herself Its, itself Me, mine, myself Your, yours, yourself Us, our, ourselves Them, their, theirs, themselves

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Pronoun Indefinite Pronouns

Ask: Who? (but we won’t know for sure)

Basic List Someone Everyone Anyone No one

Other Suffixes-body -place -where -thing -time

Ask

Who

What

Where

???

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Preposition Ask where? on under through beside around near to

next to around inside of against between up down

aboard across along beyond toward within out of

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Preposition Ask when?

before after until since during at around

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Preposition Ask what is the relationship?

by for to with about because of

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Prepositional Phrase Preposition + Noun

on the log through the woods after the storm during dinner by the author with my mom

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Infinitive A kind of Verb Phrase

To + Verb = Infinitive Put “I like” in front

I like to run.

I like to write letters.

I like to read.

I like to sing.

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Prepositional Phrase or Infinitive?

Be careful! To + verb = Infinitive

to write

To + noun = Prepositional Phrase I gave the letter to Mom. Frodo is coming to my house. Harry was stuck to the wall.

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Conjunction Coordinating Conjunctions

Connect two or more sentences Must use a comma Must have two subjects on either side

The wind blew, and my scarf flew away.

Either you can catch it, or you can buy a new one.

We were late, but they let us in anyway.

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Conjunction Subordinating Conjunctions

Fragment, but has subject & verb Begins a Dependent Clause Needs Independent Clause

I was sad because the car ran over her. Take me with you if you go to see how she’s doing. Whenever I think of Lassie, I cry.

Parts of SpeechGrammar Unit 1

Interjection Show reaction or emotion Not necessary to the sentence An alternative to swearing

Ouch! That hurt! You did not! No way! Heck, I made the shot!

Cool!

Intermediate Writers WorkshopRode 2009

THE ENDGrammar Unit 1

noun verb gerund inifinitive

adjective adverb pronoun preposition

interjection conjunction